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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electrophilic reactivity

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Academic literature on the topic 'Electrophilic reactivity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Electrophilic reactivity"

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Bahia, Parmvir K., Thomas A. Parks, Katherine R. Stanford, et al. "The exceptionally high reactivity of Cys 621 is critical for electrophilic activation of the sensory nerve ion channel TRPA1." Journal of General Physiology 147, no. 6 (2016): 451–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201611581.

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Activation of the sensory nerve ion channel TRPA1 by electrophiles is the key mechanism that initiates nociceptive signaling, and leads to defensive reflexes and avoidance behaviors, during oxidative stress in mammals. TRPA1 is rapidly activated by subtoxic levels of electrophiles, but it is unclear how TRPA1 outcompetes cellular antioxidants that protect cytosolic proteins from electrophiles. Here, using physiologically relevant exposures, we demonstrate that electrophiles react with cysteine residues on mammalian TRPA1 at rates that exceed the reactivity of typical cysteines by 6,000-fold an

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Gruber, Stefan, Simon M. Ametamey, and Roger Schibli. "Unexpected reactivity of cyclic perfluorinated iodanes with electrophiles." Chemical Communications 54, no. 65 (2018): 8999–9002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc04558e.

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Rousseaux, Sophie, and L. Mills. "Electrophilic Metal Homoenolates and Their Application in the Synthesis of Cyclopropylamines." Synlett 29, no. 06 (2018): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591536.

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Since their discovery, metal homoenolates have been widely explored as carbon-based nucleophiles for the β-functionalization of carbonyl derivatives. Only recently has it been reported that metal homoenolates can react as carbonyl electrophiles. In this context, we have recently discovered that cyclopropylamines can be prepared from cyclopropanols via zinc homoenolate intermediates. This Synpacts article will present an overview of the reactivity of homoenolates and our strategy to employ these intermediates for the synthesis of cyclopropylamines. Key mechanistic observations and their influ

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Higdon, Ashlee, Anne R. Diers, Joo Yeun Oh, Aimee Landar, and Victor M. Darley-Usmar. "Cell signalling by reactive lipid species: new concepts and molecular mechanisms." Biochemical Journal 442, no. 3 (2012): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20111752.

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The process of lipid peroxidation is widespread in biology and is mediated through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. A significant proportion of the oxidized lipid products are electrophilic in nature, the RLS (reactive lipid species), and react with cellular nucleophiles such as the amino acids cysteine, lysine and histidine. Cell signalling by electrophiles appears to be limited to the modification of cysteine residues in proteins, whereas non-specific toxic effects involve modification of other nucleophiles. RLS have been found to participate in several physiological pathways inclu

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Roberts, D. W., and A. O. Aptula. "Electrophilic Reactivity and Skin Sensitization Potency of SNAr Electrophiles." Chemical Research in Toxicology 27, no. 2 (2014): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx400355n.

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Borodina, O., A. Novikov, G. Zyryanov, and E. Bartashevich. "Theoretical evaluation of phenyl-substituted aziridines, azirines and epoxides reactivity." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Chemistry" 15, no. 4 (2023): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/chem230406.

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The reactivity of three-membered heterocycles such as phenyl-substituted aziridines, azirines, epoxides was studied in comparison with styrenes, azomethines and carbonyl com-pounds which are most often used in organic synthesis in nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions. In accordance with electronic reactivity indices of nucleophilicity and electrophilicity calculated on the base of DFT approach, the substituted molecules of azirines, aziridines, and epoxides ex-hibit the similar reactivity to aldehydes and styrenes. In all cases, our predictions were checked against the experimental observa

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Verhé, R., N. De Kimpe, L. De Buyck, D. Courtheyn, L. van Caenegem, and N. Schamp. "Reactivity of Electrophilic Allyl Halides." Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 92, no. 4 (2010): 371–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19830920407.

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Tabolin, A. A., A. Yu Sukhorukov та S. L. Ioffe. "α‐Electrophilic Reactivity of Nitronates". Chemical Record 18, № 10 (2018): 1489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201800009.

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Sjoberg, Per, Jane S. Murray, Tore Brinck, and Peter Politzer. "Average local ionization energies on the molecular surfaces of aromatic systems as guides to chemical reactivity." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 8 (1990): 1440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-220.

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The average ionization energy, [Formula: see text], is introduced and is demonstrated to be useful as a guide to chemical reactivity in aromatic systems. [Formula: see text] is rigorously defined within the framework of self-consistent-field molecular orbital (SCF-MO) theory and can be interpreted as the average energy needed to ionize an electron at any point in the space of a molecule. An abinitio SCF-MO approach has been used to calculate [Formula: see text] at the 6-31G* level, using STO-3G optimized geometries. [Formula: see text] has been computed on molecular surfaces defined by the con

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Enchev, D. D. "Allenephosphonic phosphine oxides in reactions with electrophilic reagents." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 5, no. 1 (2018): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2018-0003.

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AbstractThe reactivity of the titled compounds towards electrophilic reagents has been investigated and new experimental evidences for the mechanism of the electrophilic addition reactions to 1,2-alkadienephosphonates have been reported

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electrophilic reactivity"

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Teare, Harriet. "Synthesis and reactivity of novel electrophilic fluorinating reagents for radiolabelling." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533887.

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Laws, Andrew Peter. "The quantitative electrophilic aromatic reactivity of some novel aromatic compounds." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328304.

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Boursalian, Gregory Bagrad. "Reactivity and Selectivity in Aryl C–H Functionalization by Electrophilic Radicals." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493437.

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Two main challenges hinder the development of new, broadly useful C–H functionalization reactions: (1) most C–H bonds constitute part of the relatively inert backbone of an organic molecule, so it is difficult to elicit sufficient reactivity from these bonds, and (2) C–H bonds are ubiquitous in organic molecules, so it is difficult to control the selectivity of which C–H bond is functionalized. The subject of this thesis is the functionalization of C–H bonds in aromatic molecules. In addition to the relevant background, herein are described two new reactions which address the challenges of rea

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Feducia, Jeremiah A. Gagné Michel R. "Exploring the reactivity of electrophilic trisphosphine platinum(II) complexes in the cycloisomerization of dienes." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,826.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Chemistry." Discipline: Chemistry; Department/School: Chemistry.

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Brown, James John. "Organic reactivity and through-space effects." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16244.

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Chapter 1 presents a mini-review of the prominent theoretical models which are employed in the prediction of the outcome of organic chemical reactions. The chapter covers the most widely used empirical and semi-empirical models, as well as some more recently developed models. Most have a common theme in that they were developed using electrophilic aromatic substitution as a model reaction. Chapter 2 describes the development of a predictive model based on the average local ionisation energy. The model is shown to be of use in predicting both the regioselectivity and relative reactivity of a wi

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Harish, Harish [Verfasser], and Hendrik [Akademischer Betreuer] Zipse. "Structure and stability of radicals and quantification of electrophilic reactivity / Harish Harish ; Betreuer: Hendrik Zipse." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1178324176/34.

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Böhm, Marvin Jeldrik. "Synthesis and reactivity of succinylthioimidazolium salts: A unified strategy for the preparation of thioethers." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-152E-1.

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ZAHNEISEN, THOMAS. "Reactivite nucleophile et electrophile des anions chloroallyliques." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066372.

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Des carbenoides allyliques peuvent etre crees par simple deprotonation de l'halogenure allylique correspondant avec une base forte telle que le litmp, lda ou sec buli. L'addition du litmp a temperature ambiante dans un melange de chlorure ou bromure de prenyle et d'olefine conduit aux cyclopropanes vinyliques avec des rendements de 30 a 60%. Le carbenoide (carbene) intermediaire est electrophile, reagissant plus facilement avec des olefines riches en electrons. Les halogenures allyliques moins substitues donnent des rendements inferieurs. La meme technique par creation in situ du carbenoide, p

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Lewin, Anke. "Pentafluorphenylsilane und deren Reaktivität gegenüber Elektrophilen - Pentafluorophenylsilanes and their reactivity against electrophiles." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2001. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-09072001-094133/.

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Halogeno(pentafluorophenyl)silanes (C6F5)nSiX4-n(X=F, Cl, Br;n=2,3) and halogno(methyl)pentafluorophenylsilanes C6F5SiMenX3-n(X=F, Cl, Br; n=1,2) were prepared in good yields from the corresponding phenylsilanes (C6F5)n SiPh4-n and C6F5SiMenPh3-n by reactions with the electrophiles aHf, HCl - AlCl3, Br2 - AlBr3 or AlX3 (X=Cl, Br) - halogenated hydrocarbons. Additionally, reactions of (C6F5)2SiMe2 with selected electrophiles are studied and new synthetic routes to C6F5SiF3 are described. The relative leaving ability of organyl groups bonded to silicon and the role of the electrophilic reagent a

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Berger, Stefan. "Characterization of Novel Reference Electrophiles and Nucleophiles for the Construction of Comprehensive Reactivity Scales." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-78690.

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Books on the topic "Electrophilic reactivity"

1

Terheijden, Joannes. Syntheses and structural aspects of rigid arylplatinum complexes: Their reactivity towards electrophiles. J. Terheijden, 1986.

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Loy, Rebecca Nicole. New electrophiles for asymmetric ring-opening reactions with (salen)M catalysts. 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electrophilic reactivity"

1

Brookhart, Maurice, and Yumin Liu. "Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Highly Electrophilic Carbene Complexes of the Type C5H5 (CO)(L)Fe=CHR." In Advances in Metal Carbene Chemistry. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2317-1_29.

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Freudendahl, Diana M., and Thomas Wirth. "New Selenium Electrophiles and Their Reactivity." In Selenium and Tellurium Chemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20699-3_2.

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Wudl, F., A. Hirsch, K. C. Khemani, et al. "Survey of Chemical Reactivity of C60, Electrophile and Dieno—polarophile Par Excellence." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1992-0481.ch011.

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4

"Chemical Reactivity." In The Chemistry of Carbonyl Compounds and Derivatives. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781837670888-00028.

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Expanding on the concepts outlined in the first chapter, the general reactivity of the carbonyl group is presented, now including the presence of substituents on the carbon. Nucleophilic addition may compete with hydrogen abstraction from the alpha carbon and addition may take place under thermodynamic or kinetic control, and may require acid catalysis. The Klopman–Salem equation is presented and its components are discussed qualitatively, stressing the importance of the frontier orbitals in nucleophilic additions. The approach of the nucleophile to the carbonyl is predicted to be close to the

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Keeler, James, and Peter Wothers. "Organic chemistry 3: reactions of π systems." In Chemical Structure and Reactivity. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780199604135.003.0017.

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This chapter evaluates reactions in which C=C double bonds are formed and the reactions which such molecules undergo, including elimination reactions. Given that C=C double bonds are electron rich, their most characteristic reactions are with electrophiles. The chapter looks at typical examples of these reactions and the factors that control which carbon is attacked in an unsymmetrical double bond. It then turns to the enols and enolates, which are formed from aldehydes and ketones under acidic and basic conditions. The chapter also considers aromatic systems, exemplified by benzene. The speci

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Burrows, Andrew, John Holman, Simon Lancaster, et al. "Alkenes and alkynes." In Chemistry3. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198829980.003.0021.

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This chapter gives an overview of the structure and reactivity of alkenes and alkynes and highlights the most important methods of preparing these compounds. Alkenes are an important class of organic compounds that contain a C=C bond, while the C≡C bond in alkynes reacts with electrophiles in electrophilic addition reactions. The chapter describes how alkenes are prepared from halogenoalkanes, alcohols, alkynes, and aldehydes/ketones and how C=C and C≡C bonds react in electrophilic addition reactions. It shows how alkynes are prepared from 1,2-dibromoalkanes and how substituted alkynes are pre

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"Reactivity Models in Organic Chemistry." In Reactivity and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781837670970-00054.

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In Chapter 2 we introduce transition state theory as a general framework for the discussion of organic reactivity phenomena and also analyze its relationship to potential energy surfaces and simple rate equations. This includes the discussion of selected kinetically controlled or thermodynamically controlled reactions. On this basis we then develop more specific reactivity concepts commonly used in organic chemistry textbooks, such as the Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle, Marcus theory, the “hard and soft acids and bases“ (HSAB) principle, Hammett correlations, the Mayr–Patz equation, and “frontie

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Van Lommel, Ruben, Paul Geerlings, Thijs Stuyver, Samuel L. C. Moors, and Frank De Proft. "Electrophilic aromatic substitution: from isolated reactant approaches to chemical reactivity in solvent." In Chemical Reactivity. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-32-390259-5.00015-9.

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"Olefin and Alkyne Functional Groups." In The Chemical Biology of Carbon. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781839169502-00045.

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The simplest carbon-based functional groups are alkenes (olefins) and the much rarer alkynes, containing only C–H and C–C bonds but no C–O, C–N, or C–S bonds. The biologic routes to both trans- and cis-alkenes are examined. The reactivity of olefins as either electron rich carbon nucleophiles or as electrophilic, electron poor carbon sinks depends on the structural and electronic context of the olefins and their partner reactants. The ability of 2-isopentenyl-PP to act as progenitor to an electrophilic allyl cation and 3-IPP to act as an olefinic nucleophile is the fundamental chemical logic f

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Okuyama, Tadashi, and Howard Maskill. "Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution." In Organic Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780199693276.003.00016.

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This chapter focuses on aromaticity - the parent member of a large class of so-called aromatic compounds. It shows that benzene is a conjugated unsaturated compound which has special stability attributed to aromaticity. However, an organic compound does not have to be either aromatic, or not, as a whole: molecules of many compounds, including natural products and biologically important compounds, contain aromatic and non-aromatic residues linked together. The chapter then displays the distinguishing feature of an aromatic compound: its cyclic system of delocalized ? electrons. It looks at elec

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Conference papers on the topic "Electrophilic reactivity"

1

Fedotova, V. D., M. V. Evstegneeva, Yu P. Zarubin, and P. P. Purygin. "Predicting the reactivity of dicarboxylic acid azolides upon interaction with nucleophilic and electrophilic agents." In ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OCBT2020): Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0070389.

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Zarubin, Yu P., V. Yu Alekseev, I. N. Alekseev, and P. P. Purygin. "Possible reactivity of malonic and succinic acid azolides in interaction with nucleophilic and electrophilic agents." In ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OCBT2020): Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0070393.

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Adamma, Ekwumemgbo Patricia, Eddy Okon Nnabuk, and Kehinde Israel. "Quantum Chemical Studies on Reactivity of Glycine, Leucine and Aniline towards Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Attacks with Iron." In 2010 International Conference on Biosciences. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biosciencesworld.2010.33.

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Jeran, Marko, Melita Tramšek, and Gašper Tavčar. "Chromyl Fluoride as a Strongman Representative of the Chromium (VI) Dioxodihalides Oxidizing Agent Family." In Socratic Lectures 8. University of Lubljana Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.i16.

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The chemistry of chromium (Cr) as a transition state element includes a variety of oxidation states and their specific colours. The general and most common oxidation states of chromium are (+6), (+3), and (+2). However, some stable compounds with (+5), (+4) and (+1) states are also known. The main species formed by chromium in the (+6) oxidation state are the chromate (CrO4 2- ) and dichromate (Cr2O7 2- ) ions. Chromium (VI) dioxodihalides represent a group of versatile oxidants that donate oxygen atoms to a variety of organic molecules. Chromium-oxotransition metal complexes in higher oxidati

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Kosmachevskaya, Olga Vladimirovna, Elvira Ilgizovna Nasybullina, Natalya Nikolaevna Novikova, Konstantin Borisovich Shumaev, and Alexey Fedorovich Topunov. "HEMOGLOBIN THIOLS: BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND REGULATION." In International conference New technologies in medicine, biology, pharmacology and ecology (NT +M&Ec ' 2020). Institute of information technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-0-7.20.

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Human hemoglobin has two reactive cysteines (Cys-93β) located on the surface of the molecule. Inclusion of these thiols in the composition of dinitrosyl iron complexe is one way of regulating their reactivity. The thiols bound into complexes exhibit enhanced reactivity with electrophiles and are protected from oxidation by tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

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