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Journal articles on the topic 'Electroslag welding'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Yamaguchi, Masami. "Welding Consumables and Procedures for Electroslag Welding." Journal of the Japan Welding Society 66, no. 4 (1997): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws1943.66.279.

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2

Yushchenko, K. A., I. I. Lychko, S. M. Kozulin, A. A. Fomakin, and I. S. Nesena. "Application of electroslag welding in construction." Paton Welding Journal 2018, no. 9 (September 28, 2018): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2018.09.05.

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3

Tilgner, E. "Electroslag welding of fillet welds." Welding International 2, no. 6 (January 1988): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507118809447522.

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4

Shapovalov, K. P., V. A. Belinsky, A. E. Merzlyakov, S. N. Kosinov, K. A. Yushchenko, I. I. Lychko, and S. M. Kozulin. "Electroslag welding of large-sized press frame." Paton Welding Journal 2016, no. 8 (August 28, 2016): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2016.08.07.

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5

Yushchenko, K. A., I. I. Lychko, S. M. Kozulin, A. A. Fomakin, and I. S. Nesena. "Application of electroslag welding in construction." Avtomatičeskaâ svarka (Kiev) 2018, no. 9 (September 28, 2018): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2018.09.05.

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6

Yushchenko, K. A., S. M. Kozulin, I. I. Lychko, and M. G. Kozulin. "Joining of thick metal by multipass electroslag welding." Paton Welding Journal 2014, no. 9 (September 28, 2014): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2014.09.04.

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7

Nagano, Kyoichi, Eitaro Kakimoto, Yukiyoshi Kitamura, and Nobutaka Yurioka. "Reaction mechanism of hydrogen in electroslag welding." QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 3, no. 4 (1985): 751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.3.751.

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8

Shapovalov, K. P., V. A. Belinsky, A. E. Merzlyakov, S. N. Kosinov, K. A. Yushchenko, I. I. Lychko, and S. M. Kozulin. "Electroslag welding of large-sized press frame." Автоматическая сварка 2016, no. 8 (August 28, 2016): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2016.08.07.

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9

Yakushin, B. F., and L. F. Bashev. "Controlling the primary structure in electroslag welding." Welding International 4, no. 11 (January 1990): 890–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119009452203.

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10

Shapovalov, K. P., V. A. Belinsky, S. N. Kosinov, S. N. Litvinenko, K. A. Yushchenko, I. I. Lychko, and S. M. Kozulin. "Manufacturing large-sized beds by consumable-nozzle electroslag welding." Paton Welding Journal 2015, no. 9 (September 28, 2015): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2015.09.08.

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11

Shinoda, T., and I. Masumoto. "Process parameter determination for consumable nozzle electroslag welding." Materials Science and Technology 6, no. 4 (April 1990): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1990.6.4.390.

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12

Wodenitscharow, W. "Narrow gap electroslag welding with a strip electrode." Welding International 5, no. 10 (January 1991): 817–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119109447856.

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13

Lychko, I. I., K. A. Yushchenko, S. A. Suprun, and S. M. Kozulin. "Peculiarities of electrode and base metal melting in electroslag welding." Paton Welding Journal 2019, no. 3 (March 28, 2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.03.01.

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14

Krawczyk, R. "An analysis of the joints’ properties of thick-grained steel welded by the SAW and ESW methods." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0065.

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Abstract The article presents an analysis of properties of welded joints of thick-grained steel of P460NH type used more and more often in the modern constructions. A process of examining a technology of welding has been carried out on the thick-walled butt joints of sheet metal by two methods of welding namely submerged arc welding (SAW - 121) and electroslag (ESW - 722). The article deals with a topic of optimizing a process of welding thick-walled welded joints of fine-grained steel due to their mechanical properties and efficiency.
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15

Timofeev, M. N., I. A. Morozovskaya, S. N. Galyatkin, N. I. Zatokovenko, E. I. Kutsenko, and N. A. Lozovitsky. "Research of corrosion-resistant welding of NPP equipment performed with a strip electrode by arc and electroslag methods." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 1(105) (April 14, 2021): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2021-105-1-94-106.

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This article presents the results of studies of corrosion-resistant surfacing with a strip electrode under a layer of flux on carbon steel, performed by arc and electroslag methods. The similarity of the chemical composition, structure, mechanical and corrosion characteristics of the deposited metal in both cases is estab- lished. It has been shown that electroslag surfacing provides greater purity for non-metallic inclusions.
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16

Xia, Xiang, Shi Kun Xie, and Li Ping Liao. "Weld Repairs of the Electroslag Casting Red Copper Crucible." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.1296.

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The paper analyses the manufacturability and difficulties in weld repairs of the electroslag casting red copper crucible with bent axle, work out the relevant measure. It is proved by experiment that large red copper product can be perfectly repairs by use suitable welding procedure.
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17

Pervukhina, O. L., and I. V. Denisov. "TWO-LAYER STEEL FOR CRITICAL METAL STRUCTURES." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 11(246) (November 26, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2020-11-246-46-52.

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The paper discusses main methods for obtaining and application of large-sized bimetal: batch rolling, electric arc welding, electroslag surfacing with subsequent rolling, explosion welding. Test results of double-layer steels sheets and experience in bimetal production prove this technology availability for critical metal structures in petrochemical and nuclear engineering or shipbuilding. The universality of the industrial explosion welding allows production of wide range bimetal compounds of 100% integrity both for a single sheet and large-tonnage lots (several hundred tons) and practically unlimited sizes. The features of heat treatment for various bimetals after explosion welding are presented.
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18

Polishko, A. A., L. B. Medovar, A. P. Stovpchenko, E. V. Antipin, A. V. Didkovsky, and A. Yu Tunik. "Weldability of electroslag remelted high-carbon steel at flash-butt welding." Paton Welding Journal 2019, no. 3 (March 28, 2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.03.04.

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19

Park, Chul Sung, Young Soo Ryu, and Jeong Soo Lee. "A Study of Electroslag Welding Process for Special Welding Joint with Thick Plate." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.495.

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20

Lankin, Yu N., A. A. Moskalenko, V. G. Tyukalov, V. A. Kovtunenko, R. I. Kuran, and D. Yu Kuz'menko. "Using electroslag welding in the construction of metallurgical equipment." Welding International 24, no. 1 (January 2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507110903292031.

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21

Eremin, E. N. "Electroslag welding of thin components using a combined electrode." Welding International 18, no. 12 (December 2004): 997–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/wint.2004.3395.

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22

Vlasov, Anatolii F., Nataliia A. Makarenko, Hanna M. Kushchii, and Denys M. Holub. "The Sectors Workpieces and Drum Reel’s Die Cubes Electroslag Casting with Exothermic Electrical Conductive Fluxes." Solid State Phenomena 313 (January 2021): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.313.118.

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It has been established that the developed method of manufacturing workpieces for the sectors of the drums of X20CrMoWV3 steel reel’s and die cubes from X5CrNiMo steel using a solid start and exothermic flux significantly reduces the complexity of their manufacture. The cast reel’s drum sectors workpieces and die cubes, obtained by the electroslag remelting (ESR) method, had a smooth surface without corrugations, sinkers, and slag inclusions. Heat treatment provides the required mechanical properties and the absence of flocs in the cast electroslag metal. An effective way to increase the performance of electroslag processes is using the exothermic flux, which contain scale, ferroalloys, aluminum powder and standard flux (welding flux ISO 14174 – S F AF3, etc.) in quantities sufficient for the exothermic reactions to occur, which ensures the generation of additional heat in the starting period of electroslag processes and contributes to the accelerated induction of the slag bath of the required volume at the “solid” start both monofilar and bifilar schemes of conducting the process instead of the “liquid” start. Electroslag processes using an exothermic alloyed flux on a “hard” start allow to obtain (compared to existing methods of slag bath formation) an increasing in the output of a suitable metal 2...10 %; saving on melting 1 kg of standard flux 1.2...1.4 kW h; reducing of the starting time of the ESR process to 25 %.
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23

Vlasov, Anatolii F., Nataliia A. Makarenko, Hanna M. Kushchii, and Denys M. Holub. "The Sectors Workpieces and Drum Reel’s Die Cubes Electroslag Casting with Exothermic Electrical Conductive Fluxes." Solid State Phenomena 313 (January 2021): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.313.118.

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It has been established that the developed method of manufacturing workpieces for the sectors of the drums of X20CrMoWV3 steel reel’s and die cubes from X5CrNiMo steel using a solid start and exothermic flux significantly reduces the complexity of their manufacture. The cast reel’s drum sectors workpieces and die cubes, obtained by the electroslag remelting (ESR) method, had a smooth surface without corrugations, sinkers, and slag inclusions. Heat treatment provides the required mechanical properties and the absence of flocs in the cast electroslag metal. An effective way to increase the performance of electroslag processes is using the exothermic flux, which contain scale, ferroalloys, aluminum powder and standard flux (welding flux ISO 14174 – S F AF3, etc.) in quantities sufficient for the exothermic reactions to occur, which ensures the generation of additional heat in the starting period of electroslag processes and contributes to the accelerated induction of the slag bath of the required volume at the “solid” start both monofilar and bifilar schemes of conducting the process instead of the “liquid” start. Electroslag processes using an exothermic alloyed flux on a “hard” start allow to obtain (compared to existing methods of slag bath formation) an increasing in the output of a suitable metal 2...10 %; saving on melting 1 kg of standard flux 1.2...1.4 kW h; reducing of the starting time of the ESR process to 25 %.
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24

Poletaev, Yu V., V. Yu Poletaev, A. N. Gritsyna, and R. B. Aguliev. "Methods and technologies of electroslag welding with controlled thermal cycle." Advanced Engineering Research 20, no. 3 (October 5, 2020): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2020-20-3-252-258.

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Introduction. Improving the quality and operational reliability of welded structures of power equipment is an urgent task of welding production. Its solution is possible on the basis of the development or selection of advanced methods and technologies of electroslag welding (ESW), which eliminate the causes of the formation of tempering cracks (TC) in thick-plate welds. This paper considers a comparative assessment and recommendations on the selection of such advanced ESW methods. The work objectives are to solve the problem of forming a fine-grained, uniform, crack-resistant metal structure of a welded joint with high mechanical characteristics and to reduce the negative impact of the ESW thermal cycle on the base metal. The solution to this problem is possible on the basis of a reasonable choice of methods and technologies for ESW with regulated (controlled) thermal cycle. Materials and Methods. A comparative analysis of advanced methods and technologies of ESW with a controlled thermal cycle is carried out; a comparison of their pros and cons is provided; practical recommendations on the selection of advanced methods for controlling the thermal cycle parameters are offered. Results. It is shown that moderate heat input at high-speed ESW in a narrow gap provides a single pass to form a welded joint with a finer-grained structure and high mechanical properties compared to the in-house technologies of ESW and automatic submerged-arc welding. Recommendations for practical use of the method in welding production are given. Discussion and Conclusions. The results obtained are recommended to be used in the development of ESW technology for thick-sheet welded structures of nuclear and thermal power equipment that enables to abandon postwelding heat treatment (normalization and high tempering).
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25

Zhuk, G. V., A. V. Semenenko, I. I. Lychko, S. M. Kozulin, and Anat V. Stepakhno. "ASh115M2 machine for electroslag welding of vertical, inclined and curvilinear butt joints." Paton Welding Journal 2016, no. 10 (October 28, 2016): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2016.10.09.

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26

Paton, B. E., K. A. Yushchenko, S. M. Kozulin, and I. I. Lychko. "Electroslag welding process. Analysis of the state and tendencies of development (Review)." Paton Welding Journal 2019, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.10.05.

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27

Lyuty, O. "Metallurgical school of the Kyiv polytechnic institute and sources of electroslag remelting." History of science and technology 6, no. 8 (June 22, 2016): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2016-6-8-17-27.

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Metallurgical researches began at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in the first years of foundation. In 1935 Ye.O. Paton was founded department in the Electric Welding Institute and the Department of welding technology production in the KPI. A graduate of the Metallurgy Faculty of KPI V.I. Dyatlow started to research and teaching of the metallurgical characteristics of weld. His pupil B.I Medovar led the development of a new metallurgical technology - electro-slag remelting.
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28

Vlasov, A. F., N. A. Makarenko, and A. M. Kushchiy. "Using exothermic mixtures in manual arc welding and electroslag processes." Welding International 31, no. 7 (April 3, 2017): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2017.1295561.

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29

Lychko, I. I., K. A. Yushchenko, S. A. Suprun, and S. M. Kozulin. "Peculiarities of electrode and base metal melting in electroslag welding." Avtomatičeskaâ svarka (Kiev) 2019, no. 3 (March 28, 2019): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2019.03.01.

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30

Eremin, E. N., S. N. Zherebtsov, and V. G. Radchenko. "Electroslag welding broach components for the manufacture of pipe branches." Welding International 17, no. 6 (June 2003): 466–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/wint.2003.3133.

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31

Iyama, Jun, Yuka Matsumoto, Takumi Ishii, Hiroumi Shimokawa, Masato Nikaido, and Satoshi Yamada. "Fracture strength of electroslag welding joint with high-performance steel." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 153 (February 2019): 495–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.11.010.

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32

Lyubich, A. I., N. M. Sytnik, and V. N. Likhanosov. "Electroslag welding-up of large flaws in cast iron castings." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 21, no. 12 (December 1985): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01148571.

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33

Khakimov, A. N., V. V. Antonov, A. K. Prygaev, and E. K. Malyarevskaya. "Electroslag welding of the longitudinal joints of air cooler chambers." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 22, no. 2 (February 1986): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01148284.

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34

Shishkin, V. F., E. V. Dobrokhotova, S. N. Berezhnitskii, and A. Ya Pol'tov. "Electroslag welding of chambers of air coolers of steel 09G2SYuCh." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 25, no. 7 (July 1989): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01156195.

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35

Eremin, E. N. "Electroslag welding of circular components made of creep-resisting alloys." Welding International 18, no. 10 (October 2004): 825–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/wint.2004.3366.

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36

Zherebtsov, S. N., and A. G. Yanishevskaya. "Using electroslag welding in the fabrication of thick-plate structures." Welding International 20, no. 3 (February 2006): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/wint.2006.3611.

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37

Qin, Mu, Guangxu Cheng, Qing Li, and Jianxiao Zhang. "Evolution of Welding Residual Stresses within Cladding and Substrate during Electroslag Strip Cladding." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 4126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184126.

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Hydrogenation reactors are important oil-refining equipment that operate in high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen environments and are commonly composed of 2.25Cr–1Mo–0.25V steel. For a hydrogenation reactor with a plate-welding structure, the processes and effects of welding residual stress (WRS) are very complicated due to the complexity of the welding structure. These complex welding residual stress distributions affect the service life of the equipment. This study investigates the evolution of welding residual stress during weld-overlay cladding for hydrogenation reactors using the finite element method (FEM). A blind hole method is applied to verify the proposed model. Unlike the classical model, WRS distribution in a cladding/substrate system in this study was found to be divided into three regions: the cladding layer, the stress-affected layer (SAL), and the substrate in this study. The SAL is defined as region coupling affected by the stresses of the cladding layer and substrate at the same time. The evolution of residual stress in these three regions was thoroughly analyzed in three steps with respect to the plastic-strain state of the SAL. Residual stress was rapidly generated in Stage 1, reaching about −440 MPa compression stress in the SAL region at the end of this stage after 2.5 s. After cooling for 154 s, at the end of Stage 2, the WRS distribution was fundamentally shaped except for in the cladding layer. The interface between the cladding layer and substrate is the most heavily damaged region due to the severe stress gradient and drastic change in WRS during the welding process. The effects of substrate thickness and preheat temperature were evaluated. The final WRS in the cladding layer first increased with the increase in substrate thickness, and then started to decline when substrate thickness reached a large-enough value. WRS magnitudes in the substrate and SAL decreased with the increase in preheat temperature and substrate thickness. Compressive WRS in the cladding layer, on the other hand, increased with the increase in preheat temperature.
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38

Wang, Qing Hui, Hua Wu, and Tao Chen. "The Mechanical Properties of 20MnSi Steel and Welding Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.395.

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The microstructure, mechanical properties, precipitation of micro alloying elements and welding performance of self-designed 20MnSi steel were investigated, by means of metallographic microscope , transmission electron microscope, electroslag pressure welding and mechanics performance tests, etc.The results show that,with the actions of microalloy V and controlled rolling and controlled cooling technique, tensile strength (Rm) and yield strength (Rel) of the test bar could respectively reach 730 MPa and 560 MPa, uniform elongation (Agt %) of 13.5%, which has met the seismic performance index. And we found that a lot of dispersion particle V (CN) precipitated in the ferritic matrix and grain boundary place, which have a good precipitation strengthening and refining grain effect. In addition, based on the welding parameters reasonable controlling, it can make the mechanical properties of welding joints changes not beyond the design range, and satisfy the use requirement.
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39

Polishko, A. A., L. B. Medovar, A. P. Stovpchenko, E. V. Antipin, A. V. Didkovsky, and A. Yu Tunik. "Weldability of electroslag remelted high-carbon steel at flash-butt welding." Avtomatičeskaâ svarka (Kiev) 2019, no. 3 (March 28, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2019.03.04.

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40

Służalec, Andrzej. "An analysis of thermal Phenomena in electromagnetic field during electroslag welding." Computers & Fluids 17, no. 2 (January 1989): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7930(89)90050-9.

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41

Vlasov, A. F., N. A. Makarenko, and D. A. Volkov. "Intensification of arc and electroslag processes of welding by means of exothermal mixture introduction." Paton Welding Journal 2017, no. 1 (January 28, 2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2017.01.02.

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42

Suzuki, Takao. "Structured Design idea of Edo Tokyo Museum and Field Welding of Thick Steel Plate (Field Electroslag Welding)." Journal of the Japan Welding Society 61, no. 2 (1992): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws1943.61.2_119.

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43

Zhuk, G. V., A. V. Semenenko, I. I. Lychko, S. M. Kozulin, Anat V. Stepakhno, and S. I. Velikiy. "ASh115M2 machine for electroslag welding of vertical, inclined and curvilinear butt joints." Автоматическая сварка 2016, no. 10 (October 28, 2016): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2016.10.09.

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44

Paton, B. E., K. A. Yushchenko, S. M. Kozulin, and I. I. Lychko. "Electroslag welding process. Analysis of the state and tendencies of development (Review)." Avtomatičeskaâ svarka (Kiev) 2019, no. 10 (October 28, 2019): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/as2019.10.05.

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45

Chang, Heui Yung, Chau Cho Yu, Kuen Tai Liou, and Ker Chun Lin. "Fracture Toughness of A572 Gr.50 Steel Built-Up Box-Section Welds Joined by Eletroslag Welding." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 6601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6601.

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This paper investigates hardness, toughness and microstructures of A572 Gr.50 steel built-up box-section welds jointed by electroslag welding (ESW). The welding heat from ESW, for example, is considered one of the main factors reducing steel toughness and causing the connections to fracture. The result of the investigation indicates that the 25- and 50-mm plates have small difference in hardness, toughness and grain sizes. The A572 Gr.50 steel absorbs energy more than 105J, satisfying the code requirement of 27J at 0°C in the Charpy impact tests. However, the welding heat increases the size of coarse grain and hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ), reducing the Charpy value to 14.9 J. The HAZ absorbs much less energy than the base material, and this difference is more significant in the weld of 50-mm plates. Based on the investigation, it can be suggested that to enhance the seismic performance of welded steel structures, not only the toughness of base material, but also welding heat need further controlling.
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46

Kalyniuk, M. M., Ya P. Gritskiv, and L. M. Kahitanchuk. "Eloboration of Methods for Determination on Content of the Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen Admixtures in Titanium Aluminides." Metrology and instruments, no. 2 (May 21, 2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(2)2020.61-67.

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Titanium intermetalides (TiAl and Ti3 Al) and alloys on theirs bases applies in air — and spacetechnology and automobile industry. Physical and mechanical properties there alloys is better, then at classical Ti — or Ni — alloys, that are utilized in aeroplanes and rocets. Alloys, based on TiAl and Ti3Al, are made with utilization vacuum — arc, plasma — arc, induction- garnisage, magnetoperating electroslag melting, electron — beam melting with intermediate capacity, electroslag melting in inert atmosphere under «active» fluxes with metallic calcium, induction melting in muchsectional crystallizator and cold crucible, argon — arc melting with unexpended tungsten electrode in copper watercooling crucible. For connection of the details, that were made from these alloys, there were used welding by pressure, contact, electron — beam, diffusion welding. Alloys, based on titanium aluminide, have essential defects — high brittleness and low plasticity, viscosity and resistance thermal impact strength. Autors a lot of articles explaines these descriptions by structural special features of titanium aluminides and alloys on their bases, but does not consider possibilities of the influence by oxygen nitrogen, hydrogen admixtures. In literature information about methods of determination gaseous admixtures (O, N, H) contents in titanium aluminides and alloys on their bases are absented. Methods of determination oxygen, nitrogen, hyd­rogen contents in titanium aluminides on ana­lysers TC436, RO316, TN114, RH402 are created. Parameters of these methods are described in this article (temperatures of heating on graphite crucibles, times, masses of analytical samples).
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47

Stern, I. L., M. Wheatcroft, and D. Y. Ku. "Higher-Strength Steels Specially Processed for High Heat Input Welding." Journal of Ship Production 1, no. 04 (November 1, 1985): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1985.1.4.222.

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ABS Grade EH36 steel plates, specially formulated and produced with advanced metallurgical techniques, are shown to have a significantly greater resistance to weld heat-affected zone (HAZ) degradation that conventional EH36 steel. Welds made in these steels with the electroslag welding process at high heat input rates retained adequate toughness in the heat-affected zone at --4°F (-20°C); similar welds in conventional EH36 steel plate exhibit excessive HAZ toughness loss. This effect was confirmed on the basis of small-scale Charpy V-notch and large-scale explosion bulge testing. In view of their superior resistance to HAZ degradation, the steels should also be useful for applications where HAZ degradation is of particular concern, such as for American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), U.S. Coast Guard, and International Maritime Organization (IMO) weld requirements for liquefied gas carriers.
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48

Gulida, V. P. "Electroslag welding 60-140mm thick components of 09G2S steel with additional filler wire." Welding International 1, no. 11 (January 1987): 1052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507118709449386.

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49

Eremin, E. N. "Improving the quality of formation of welded joints in electroslag welding ring components." Welding International 19, no. 3 (March 2005): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/wint.2005.3425.

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50

Kumar, R. Suresh, Abhay Kumar Jha, K. Sreekumar, and Parameshwar Prasad Sinha. "Effect of Cold Working on the Mechanical Properties of a Medium Carbon Low Alloy Steel." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.427.

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Missile and rocket motor cases are often fabricated by welding process. The replacement of welded hardware with the flow formed construction eliminates many problems associated with welded joints. Data on the cold workability of the material in different heat treatment conditions is essential for the flow forming of the material. The cold workability of a 0.3C-CrMoV grain refined steel processed by air melting and electroslag refining was studied in annealed and Q&T conditions through cold rolling process. The effect of heat treatment on the strength properties of the rolled materials was also studied. The observed behaviour is explained in the light of the results of the microstructural characterization.
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