Relevant bibliographies by topics / Elemental powder

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Elemental powder'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 29 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Elemental powder"

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Yan, Lei, Xueyang Chen, Wei Li, Joseph Newkirk, and Frank Liou. "Direct laser deposition of Ti-6Al-4V from elemental powder blends." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 5 (August 15, 2016): 810–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-10-2015-0140.

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Purpose This paper aims to achieve Ti-6Al-4V from Ti, Al and V elemental powder blends using direct laser deposition (DLD) and to understand the effects of laser transverse speed and laser power on the initial fabrication of deposit’s microstructure and Vickers hardness. Design/methodology/approach Two sets of powder blends with different weight percentage ratio for three elemental powder were used during DLD process. Five experiments with different processing parameters were performed to evaluate how microstructure and Vickers hardness change with laser power and laser transverse speed. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, optical microscopy and Vickers hardness test were used to analyze deposits’ properties. Findings This paper reveals that significant variance of elemental powder’s size and density would cause lack of weight percentage of certain elements in final part and using multiple coaxial powder nozzles design would be a solution. Also, higher laser power or slower laser transverse speed tend to benefit the formation of finer microstructures and increase Vickers hardness. Originality/value This paper demonstrates a new method to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V and gives out a possible weight percentage ratio 87:7:6 for Ti:Al:V at powder blends during DLD process. The relationship between microstructure and Vickers hardness with laser power and laser transverse speed would provide valuable reference for people working on tailoring material properties using elemental powder method.
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Chen, Yitao, Xinchang Zhang, Mohammad Masud Parvez, and Frank Liou. "A Review on Metallic Alloys Fabrication Using Elemental Powder Blends by Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition Process." Materials 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 3562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163562.

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The laser powder directed energy deposition process is a metal additive manufacturing technique, which can fabricate metal parts with high geometric and material flexibility. The unique feature of in-situ powder feeding makes it possible to customize the elemental composition using elemental powder mixture during the fabrication process. Thus, it can be potentially applied to synthesize industrial alloys with low cost, modify alloys with different powder mixtures, and design novel alloys with location-dependent properties using elemental powder blends as feedstocks. This paper provides an overview of using a laser powder directed energy deposition method to fabricate various types of alloys by feeding elemental powder blends. At first, the advantage of laser powder directed energy deposition in manufacturing metal alloys is described in detail. Then, the state-of-the-art research and development in alloys fabricated by laser powder directed energy deposition through a mix of elemental powders in multiple categories is reviewed. Finally, critical technical challenges, mainly in composition control are discussed for future development.
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Nadakuduru, Vijay, De Liang Zhang, Peng Cao, and Brian Gabbitas. "Thermomechanical Consolidation of Ti/Al/Cr Composite (Composition: Ti-47Al-2Cr (at %)) Powders." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.501.

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The present study aims to develop a process to make ultrafine grained (UFG) Ti-47Al-2Cr (at %) alloy using elemental Ti, Al and Cr powders. The process involves mechanical milling of a mixture of the elemental powders to produce a Ti/Al/Cr composite powder, compaction of the milled powder, and consolidation of the powder compact using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) or powder compact forging. This paper is to give an overview of microstructure and the mechanical properties of the alloy samples obtained using the above processing technique. Inhomogeneous microstructures with high amounts of (α2) Ti3Al phase, along with, elemental Ti, were observed in some samples. An attempt has been made to explain the formation of (α2) Ti3Al, and elemental Ti, in the alloy and the processing conditions appropriate for the specific alloy are also discussed.
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Wendhausen, Paulo A. P., Aline Silva, André L. Slaviero, and Ricardo Machado. "On the Use of Elemental Powders to Process Fe-50Co Alloys by Powder Injection Molding." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.230.

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Aiming to obtain components with higher density, this work evaluated the technical and economical viabilities to replace the pre-alloyed Fe49Co2V by an elemental powder alloy of iron and cobalt (Fe-50Co). Using an elemental alloy could increase the density of the final material due to the driving force created by the chemical gradient between the powders. The results showed that is possible to achieve higher densities in an elemental powder Fe-50Co alloy sinterized at the same temperature and in shorter times than the Fe49Co2V alloy. The analysis of economical viability showed that the replacement of the alloys have advantages as the pre-alloyed powder price is higher than the elemental.
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Vázquez, Mairym, Oscar Marcelo Suárez, Michael Thompson, Haneul Jang, Na Gong, David Weiss, and Orlando Rios. "Effect of Ce Content on Properties of Al-Ce-Based Composites by Powder-in-Tube Method." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 10 (September 25, 2021): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5100255.

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Al-Ce based alloys have gained recent interest and have proven to have excellent strength without heat treatment and high thermal stability. Challenges with the production of Al-Ce samples from elemental powders arise due to the elemental material before alloying being susceptible to rapid oxidation. The methodology for making superconductive wire, powder-in-tube, was used as a consolidate Al and Ce elemental powder, and Al-8 wt % Ce-10 wt % Mg composite powder into bulk nanostructured material. Powder samples are fabricated in an inert controlled atmosphere, then sealed in a tube to avoid oxidation of powders. Therefore, most of the powder is used without much loss. We used 316 stainless-steel tubes as a sheathing material. For Al-xCe wt % (x = 8 to 14) samples of elemental powder, liquid phase sintering was used and for Al-Ce-Mg powder solid-state sintering. Characterization of the bulk consolidated material after sintering, and before and after heat treatment, was made using optical and Scanning Electron Microscope imaging, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Microhardness and Rockwell Hardness test. We demonstrated that microstructure stability in Al-Ce-based specimens can be retained after thermomechanical processing. Densification was achieved and oxidation of powder was avoided in most samples. In addition, we found that Fe and Ni in the sheathing material react with Al in the process, and Ce concentration modifies the reactivity the sheath.
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Chen, Yu, Yang Yu, Wen Cong Zhan, and Er De Wang. "Nanocrystalline Ni-30wt%Fe Supersaturated Solid Solution Synthesized by Mechanical Alloying." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.38.

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Ni-30wt%Fe elemental power mixture was mechanically milled under argon atmosphere for variuos times up to 25h.The evolution of Ni-Fe alloying during milling and the microstructure of the as-milled powders were characterized by XRD, EPMA (electron probe microanalysis), SEM and TEM, respectively. The results show that nanocrystalline Ni (Fe) supersaturated solid solution alloy powders with 30wt. % Fe in composition can be synthesized by mechanical milling of the elemental powder mixture. Both the content of Fe dissolved and the microstrain developed in the as-synthesized Ni (Fe) solid solution phase increase, while the crystallite size decreases, steadily with increasing milling time. In particular, the Ni-30wt%Fe alloy powders obtained by 25h milling consist of a single Ni (Fe) supersaturated solid solution phase with average crystallite size of about 15nm and accumulated microstrain as high as 1.12%. DSC tests show that the nanocrystalline Ni-30wt%Fe alloy powders have a lower melting temperature than the elemental powder mixture, attributed to the unique Ni (Fe) solid solution phase structure, the nanocrystallization, and the high strain energy.
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Polozov, Igor A., Evgenii Borisov, and Vera Popovich. "Effect of Selective Laser Melting Process Parameters and Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of Titanium Alloys Produced from Elemental Powders." Key Engineering Materials 822 (September 2019): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.822.549.

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This work investigates the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process for the in-situ synthesis of Ti-5Al and Ti-6Al-4V alloys using elemental powder mixture. Elemental spherical powders were used to prepare a powder mixture and then samples were produced by SLM using different volume energy density. The effects of volume energy density during SLM on samples’ relative density, chemical composition, microstructure and microhardness before and after heat treatment have been studied. It was shown that volume energy density during the SLM process significantly effects the density, microstructure of Ti-5Al and Ti-6Al-4V alloys, as well as, the microhardness of Ti-6Al-4V obtained from elemental powders.
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Li, Bing-Yun, Li-Jian Rong, and Yi-Yi Li. "Porous NiTi alloy prepared from elemental powder sintering." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 10 (October 1998): 2847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0389.

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An elemental powder sintering (EPS) technique has been developed for the synthesis of porous NiTi alloy, in which Ni and Ti powders are used as the reactants and TiH2 powder is added as a pore-forming agent and active agent. Effects of various experimental parameters (sintering temperature, sintering time, and TiH2 content) on the porosity, pore size, and pore distribution as well as phase composition in experimental alloys are investigated. It is found that in order to avoid the formation of carcinogenic pure Ni phase, the porous NiTi alloy should be synthesized over a temperature of 1223 K. This gives NiTi as the main phase without any elemental phase. Substitution of Ti by TiH2 is more economic and more favorable to obtain homogeneous porous NiTi alloy. A proper selection of initial powders, ball-milling, pressing, and sintering process makes it possible to achieve the porous NiTi alloy with desired properties.
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Polozov, Igor, Vadim Sufiiarov, and Anatoliy Popovich. "Investigation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy In Situ Manufactured Using Selective Laser Melting from Elemental Powder Mixture." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.646.

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This paper presents the results of the study of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process for the in-situ synthesis of Ti-6Al-4V alloy from elemental powder mixture. Elemental spherical powders of Ti, Al and V were used to prepare a powder mixture, and then bulk specimens were produced by SLM using different process parameters. The effects of SLM process parameters on samples’ relative density, their chemical composition, the formed microstructure and microhardness before and after heat treatment have been studied. It was shown that volume energy density during the SLM process significantly effects the microstructure and microhardness of Ti-6Al-4V obtained from elemental powders. The difference in microstructure morphology and microhardness remains after heat treatment.
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Mushove, Tafadzwa, Hilda Kundai Chikwanda, Christopher Machio, and Sehliselo Ndlovu. "Ti-Mg Alloy Powder Synthesis via Mechanochemical Reduction of TiO2 by Elemental Magnesium." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.517.

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This paper reports the preliminary results of an investigation on the synthesis of a Ti-Mg alloy powder through mechanochemical processing of TiO2 and Mg powders. TiO2 was mixed with elemental Mg according to a nominal stoichiometric composition with 15% excess Mg. The powder mixture was mechanically milled in a Simoloyer high energy ball mill for 5 different durations. Contamination was minimised by processing under a high purity argon atmosphere. Changes in phase composition were studied by XRD techniques. TiO2 was reduced, as shown by the formation of MgO. The extent of the reduction, as indicated by XRD peaks’ intensities, increased with milling time. XRD spectra of powders milled for 24 hours revealed virtual disappearance of TiO2 peaks and there was no evidence of elemental Ti. The lattice parameter of the resulting Ti metal was larger than that of elemental Ti. This implies that the Ti was alloyed with free Mg to produce Ti-Mg alloy powder. The lattice parameter increased with increasing milling time.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Elemental powder"

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Nabeel, Muhammad. "Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702.

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The mechanical properties of components made by PM steels are normally inferior to those made by alternative processes. One of the main reasons is that a large amount of pores are present in sintered components. The other main reason is that the alloying elements, particularly Ni, are not uniformly distributed after conventional sintering procedures.  This work is aimed at a better understanding of the influence of alloying additions on mechanical properties and homogeneity of the microstructure. The experimental work has been carried out in two trials. Trial 1 was performed to investigate mechanical properties of Distaloy powders (commercial grades) and second trial to examine influence of alloying additions on homogeneity of microstructure.  For trial 1, as-sintered and heat treated specimens were produced by mixing commercial powders with two different carbon levels. Whereas, alloying elements were admixed to base iron powder for producing  sintered specimens for trial 2. Mechanical properties including dimensional changes, micro-hardness, tensile strength and impact resistance were measured. Distribution of alloying elements was studied using LOM and SEM-EDS analysis. The results obtained show that additions of alloying elements enhance the mechanical properties. Moreover, interaction of C with Cu and Ni as well as interaction between Cu and Ni have a deceive role in determining final properties of the components. The metallographic investigation indicated that major reasons of heterogeneous microstructure are slow diffusion of Ni in Fe matrix and interaction of other alloying elements with Ni.  The results of trial 2 showed that addition of Mo and Cu to Ni-containing PM steels improves the distribution of Ni in Fe matrix. Mo results in improved uniformity of microstructure by lowering the chemical potential of carbon. In Ni and Cu containing alloys, the interaction between Ni and Cu is responsible for enhanced distribution of Ni. However, the improved Ni distribution is achieved at the expense of non-uniform distribution of Cu. In Ni-containing PM steels, improved microstructure homogenization can be attained by increasing Ni-Cu interaction, lowering the surface energy of Ni-Cu liquid and decreasing the chemical potential of carbon.
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Clinning, Nicholas. "Thermomechanical processing of blended elemental powder Ti-6Al-4V alloy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4968.

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This research investigates the feasibility of producing Ti-6Al-4V products by creating low cost BE sintered preforms and then subjecting these preforms to thermomechanical processing (TMP) in an attempt to both improve the relative density and refine the microstructure. The powders used were direct reduction titanium powder and elemental aluminium and vanadium powders.
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Karimzadeh, F., M. T. Asnaashari, M. H. Enayati, and M. Salehi. "Formation of Nanostructured Al-Mg-Si Alloys and Evaluation Its Properties." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34869.

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In this study, nanostructured Al-Mg-Si (Al6061) alloy was prepared from elemental powders by mechanical alloying and heat treatment. 98.4% aluminum, 1% magnesium, 0.6% silicon powders were mixed and mechanically alloyed under argon atmosphere. The rotation speed of 500rpm and ball to powder ratio of 10:1 was employed. The mechanical alloyed powder was isothermally heat treated at 400 degrees Celsius for 2 h under argon atmosphere. The results showed that after 10h of milling, a solid solution of Al-Mg-Si with a grain size of ~ 40 nm was produced. The as milled and annealed powder was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microhardness values of alloy increase by increasing MA time. Mg2Si particles precipitate from solid solution during subsequent annealing. The as milled powder appeared to have good thermal stability against grain growth so that the grain size after annealing remained constant (~ 40 nm). When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34869
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Hoffman, Tricia Marie. "The Use of Elemental Databases in Forensic Science: Studies on Vehicle Glass Interpretation and Milk Powder Provenancing." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3812.

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The first study focuses on the development of a laser based method for the elemental analysis of solid milk powder. Milk powder samples originating from five different countries were analyzed to determine any geographic differences. A LA-ICP-MS method was developed and compared to k0-INAA for several milk samples as well as a reference sample. Precision of 10% RSD or better and a bias of 10% was achieved for both techniques for most elements with LA-ICP-MS producing lower limits of detection (~ 1 ppm) for Sr. The comparison of LA-ICP-MS to k0-INAA showed overlap of the 95% confidence intervals for all comparison samples. The data for 68 authentic milk powder samples representing 5 different countries (Argentina, Russia, Singapore, Slovenia, and the United States) was collected and used as a preliminary database. Principle component analysis (PCA) shows different groupings for the United States, Argentina, Singapore, and Slovenia. However the large number and geographic distribution of samples from Russia were not able to be distinguished from the samples from the United States and Slovenia. The second study focuses on the use of trace element databases for the objective interpretation of forensic glass evidence. Ten laboratories conducting analysis of glass participated in three inter-laboratory exercises. The aims of these exercises were to evaluate the use of a standard method for the analysis and comparison of glass evidence and to investigate different statistical approaches for interpreting results. Elemental analysis was performed on 420 vehicle windshield samples collected from 210 different vehicles representing manufacturing dates between 2004-2017 and 26 vehicle manufacturers. Using a variation of a previously reported comparison criterion for comparing samples to a database, the false exclusion rate and false inclusion rate for the new vehicle database were calculated to be 1.9% and 0.1 % respectively. This criterion was used to calculate the frequency of an elemental profile for the case scenarios distributed as part of the inter-laboratory exercises. Similarities were observed between labs that calibrated their data the same way, thus showing it is possible for labs to use a central database.
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Naicker, Hiranya. "Parametric study on the compactibility of Ti-6Al-4V during direct powder rolling." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31009.

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The widespread use of titanium and its alloys in structural applications has been limited to few highend applications. The dominant reason for this being cost implications. These high costs arise from extracting titanium from its mineral form as well as that of the manufacturing processes to develop a final product. Since producing titanium products includes expensive starting stock, high machinability costs and high wastage, a need for a process that may minimize one or more of these factors is necessary. One such technology that exists is a branch of powder metallurgy (PM), direct powder rolling (DPR) which allows for a continuous approach to produce strip or sheet metal. Products developed by this process are however known to possess inferior properties to its wrought counterpart. The present study comprises of a parametric study observing how two different blends of powder differ in the development of Ti-6Al-4V strip by employing the blended elemental (BE) approach to direct powder rolling. The objectives of this work include predicting the compaction behavior of the two respective blends during powder rolling to inform the production of high density green strip and to compare the outcomes of the prediction method to experimentally determined results using a gravity-fed laboratory-scale rolling mill with roll diameter of 265 mm and roll width of 150 mm. Johanson’s rolling theory was applied to predict rolling outcomes and a fixed set of rolling parameters were implemented for the simulation and experimental segment of this dissertation. The two blends being investigated include blending titanium powder with an elemental blend consisting of aluminium and vanadium powders (B1) and a master alloy blend of a 60Al-40V master alloy (B2). These two blends were used to validate the Johanson simulated rolling data. Fixed parameters applied to the rolling mill included using a roll speed of 14 rpm, roll face width of 65 mm and gravity-fed hopper outlet diameter of 25 mm. Variable roll gaps of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm were studied. Average relative green densities of B1 and B2 strips achieved at a roll gap of 1 mm were 77% and 73% respectively. Rolling performance of the B1 powder blend were higher than that of B2, reaching higher green densities and showing superior formability, as rolling at smaller roll gaps was achievable for B1 and not B2. Green strength of B1 and B2 strips at a roll gap of 1 mm reflected similar outcomes where B1 strips required a greater breaking load to fracture samples when compared to B2 indicating a stronger self-supporting compact. Furthermore, the Johanson rolling model proved to overestimate reasonable roll pressure values, although, the general trend of compactibility between B1 and B2 powder blends was reasonably predicted showing B1 to be more compressible than B2 during powder rolling. iv Subsequent sintering at 1200 °C for 3 hours in a vacuum environment was applied to green strips to further densify and homogenize strips. Average relative sintered densities achieved for B1 and B2 strips rolled at a roll gap of 1 mm were 78% and 87% respectively. While green densities of B1 strips were higher than that of B2 strips, it was evident that the addition of the 60Al-40V master alloy to blend B2 resulted in superior sinterability as final sintered densities surpassed that of B1, even when starting at a lower green density after rolling. SEM/EDX was used to evaluate what effect sintering had on homogenization. A standard wrought Ti-6Al-4V specimen was used as the benchmark to compare homogenization results. B2 strips homogenized more than B1 strips when comparing to the baseline wrought sample. It was concluded that both B1 and B2 powders used to create Ti-6Al-4V strip by direct powder rolling (DPR) exhibited high levels of porosity and a subsequent step is necessary to fully densify the material. While B1 strips exhibit superior rollability with higher green densities and green strength; after applying a sintering practice to both B1 and B2 strips, B2 sintered densities surpassed those of B1 and prove to homogenize to a greater degree than B1 strips. The superior roll compaction ability and inferior sinterability for B1 powders was attributed to the elemental powder, aluminium. While the addition of ductile aluminium to B1 aids roll compaction, its low melting point results in large pores evolving at sintering temperatures almost twice its melting point.
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Farias, Iria Luiza Gomes. "COMPRIMIDOS MASTIGÁVEIS DE FERRO CARBONILA PARA TRATAMENTO DA ANEMIA FERROPRIVA DE CRIANÇAS MENORES DE SEIS ANOS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5907.

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The objective this study is verify the efficiency and occurrence of collateral effects with the use of carbonyl iron powder, in the form of chewable tablets, in order to enable the use of an alternative to the conventional treatment of iron deficiency anemia with ferrous sulfate, for children under 6 years of age. The intervention proposed for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children almost always consists of ferrous sulfate drops that do not have the desired effectiveness. Several studies have proven the low adherence to the treatment due to collateral effects of the medication (gastrointestinal intolerance, alterations in color and consistency of stools, impregnation of iron in diapers and teeth), to the prolonged daily administration in the form of drops, to the metallic taste, as well as to socio-cultural aspects. In choosing the preparation, the content of the iron ion, tolerance, absorption, effectiveness and cost must all be considered. Carbonyl iron powder is obtained by decomposition of Fe pentacarbonyl at high temperatures, resulting in extremely pure elemental Fe (Fe0), in the form of non-toxic micro-spheres of 4-7/μm, with bioavailability in relation to 58-70% ferrous sulfate and it does not confer a metallic taste to the preparation. An open randomized clinical assay was carried out. The group studied (CA) received Carbonyl Iron and the control group (SF) received a solution of Ferrous Sulfate, both at a dose of 5mg/Kg/day, for 90 days. Seventy-three children from Family Health Units (FHU) of Santa Maria, Brazil, participated in the study. Blood was collected at 0, 30 and 90 days of treatment. The hemograms were carried out in STKS (Coulter, USA), serum iron and TIBC, by colorimetric assay and ferritin by immunometric assay. The data was analyzed with the EpiInfo program, version 3.3.2, from CDC/USA. The increase in Hb after 30 days of treatment was of 1.3g/dl (SD 0.92) for group CA and of 1.2g/dl (SD 1.13) for group SF (p>0.05). After 90 days of treatment, CA had favorable results for Ht, MCV, MCH, TIBC and ferritin (p<0.05). None of the children from group CA presented side effects, in group SF, 62% of the children presented diarrhea and/or experienced vomiting. The number of children from the control group who continued to present a level of Hb lower than 11g/dl was two-fold that of the group that received carbonyl iron. Based on the results demonstrating the same effectiveness at 30 days as for the standard ferrous sulfate and the superior results at 90 days of treatment, together with the safety (low toxicity) and excellent acceptance, carbonyl iron should be considered an important option for the therapeutic treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children under the age of six.
O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a eficácia, ocorrência de efeitos colaterais e aceitação de ferro carbonila em pó, na forma de comprimidos mastigáveis, para possibilitar uma alternativa ao tratamento convencional da anemia ferropriva com sulfato ferroso, para crianças menores de seis anos. A intervenção proposta para tratamento da anemia ferropriva de crianças, quase na totalidade das vezes, consiste em gotas de sulfato ferroso que não tem tido efetividade desejada. Vários estudos comprovam a baixa adesão ao tratamento em virtude dos efeitos colaterais do medicamento (intolerância gastrintestinal, alterações na cor e consistência das fezes, impregnação de ferro nas fraldas e dentes), do esquema de administração em dose diária por tempo prolongado, do sabor metálico do medicamento, além de aspectos socioculturais. Na escolha do preparado, deve ser considerado o conteúdo do íon ferro, tolerância, absorção intestinal, eficácia e custo. O ferro carbonila em pó é obtido pela decomposição a altas temperaturas do ferro pentacarbonil, resultando em ferro elementar (Fe0) extremamente puro, em forma de micro-esferas de 4-7/μm, com boa biodisponibilidade, não tóxico e sem conferir sabor metálico às preparações. O desenho do estudo foi um ensaio clínico, randomizado, aberto. O grupo estudo (CA) recebeu comprimidos mastigáveis de Ferro Carbonila; o grupo controle (SF) recebeu solução de Sulfato Ferroso, na dose de 5mg/Kg/dia, por 90 dias. Participaram do estudo 73 crianças com diagnóstico comprovado de anemia ferropriva, atendidas em USFs de Santa Maria, RS. Foram realizadas coletas de sangue nos tempos 0, 30 e 90 dias de tratamento. Os hemogramas foram realizados em STKS Coulter, Ferro sérico e Capacidade Total de Ligação do Ferro, por química úmida (colorimetria) e Ferritina por quimioluminescência, todos por automação. Os dados analisados com programa EpiInfo, versão 3.3.2, do CDC/USA. O incremento de Hb após 30 dias de tratamento foi de 1,3g/dl (dp 0,92) no grupo CA e 1,2g/dl (dp 1,13) no grupo SF (p>0,05). Após 90 dias de tratamento, as médias do Ht, VCM, HCM, CTLF e ferritina são significativamente melhores no grupo CA (p<0,005). Nenhuma criança do grupo CA apresentou efeitos colaterais. No grupo SF, 62% tiveram diarréia e/ou vômito. O número de crianças que permanecia com Hb < 11g/dl, no grupo controle, era o dobro do que no grupo recebendo ferro carbonila. Pelos resultados de eficácia em 30 dias similares ao padrão sulfato ferroso e a superioridade em 90 dias de tratamento, aliados a segurança (baixa toxicidade) e ótima aceitação, o ferro carbonila deve ser considerado como uma importante opção terapêutica para tratamento da anemia ferropriva, de crianças menores de seis anos de idade.
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Belsito, Danielle L. "Application of Computational Thermodynamic and Solidification Kinetics to Cold Sprayable Powder Alloy Design." Digital WPI, 2014. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/28.

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Military aircraft that require high maneuverability, durability, ballistic protection, reparability, and energy efficiency require structural alloys with low density, high toughness, and high strength. Also, repairs to these aircraft demand a production process that has the flexibility to be relatively in-situ with the same high-performance output. Materials produced by the cold spray process, a thermo-mechanical powder consolidation technique, meet many of the requirements. In accordance with President Obama’s 2011 Materials Genome Initiative, the focus of this effort is to design customized aluminum alloy powders which exploit the unique behavior and properties of the materials created by the cold spray process. Analytical and computational models are used to customize microchemistry, thermal conditioning, and solidification behavior of the powders by predicting equilibrium and non-equilibrium microstructure and resulting materials properties and performance. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and solidification models are used, including commercial software packages Thermo-Calc, Pandat™, and JMatPro®, and TC-PRISMA. Predicted powder properties can be used as input into a cold spray process impact model to determine the consolidated materials’ properties. Mechanical properties of powder particles are predicted as a function of powder particle diameter and are compared to experimental results.
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Ezenwa, Emmanuel. "N,N-diethyl-N'-naphthoylacylchalcogourea to metal (II)complexes as precursors for ternary metal chalcogenide thin films via AACVD." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nndiethylnnaphthoylacylchalcogoureatometal-iicomplexes-as-precursors-for-ternary-metal-chalcogenide-thin-films-via-aacvd(85420a4c-89d4-4465-9734-ca40a75ba924).html.

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In this thesis complexes of acylchalcogoureas with cadmium (II), lead (II) and nickel (II) have been synthesised and investigated as single source precursors for the formation of metal chalcogenide thin films viaaerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD). Routes to binary thin films have been explored using homoleptic complexes of the general structure bis(N,N-diethyl-N'-naphthoylchalcogoureato)metal(II). Analysis of the thin films produced showed the successful deposition of the binary materials from the synthesised complexes when characterised by powder XRD, ICP-OES, SEM and EDX. Routes to ternary thin films with the general structure MExE'1-x, where M represents a metal (Cd, Ni and Pb); and E chalcogen (S or Se) have been investigated using heteroleptic metal complexes of cadmium, nickel or lead including different chalcogen containing N,N-diethyl-N'-naphthoylchalcogoureato ligands and diethyldithiocarbamate. The precursors were fully characterised and novel compounds had their crystal structures determined. The heteroleptic complexes were thermolysed by AACVD forming the MExE'1-x thin films. In the cases of lead, nickel and cadmium the thin films produced showed that the composition of the film tended heavily towards the metal selenide. Ternary films of type MS1-xSex was prepared by mixing their binary precursors of type bis(N,N-diethyl-N'-naphthoylselenoureato)metal(II) and bis(N,N-diethyl-N'-naphthoylthioureato)metal(II) [metal = Cd, Ni and Pb]. In the case of lead and cadmium chalcogenide films variation of the ratio of sulphur and selenium containing precursors allowed for the full transition in composition between metal sulphide and metal selenide. In the case of CdS1-xSexthe band gap of the films was determined from UV-visible spectroscopy to vary from 2.4 eV (CdS) to 1.7 eV(CdSe). In the case of NiS1-xSex the movement from sulphide to selenide was less simple with multiple phases of nickel chalcogenides produced.
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Santana, Sobrinho Antonio. "Elementos da teoria de poder em Michel Foucault." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5598.

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The concept of power is necessarily an analysis in historical time and, especially in the currents of thinking which are mentioned by different authors who discuss about this issue. This work constitutes a reflection exercise concerning Michel Foucault s perception about the meaning of power. Nevertheless, it is essential to state that Michel Foucault never discussed about power as a coherent, unique and stable entity, but as power relations . Therefore, the question regarding power is inseparable and it constitutes a theme established in his thought. On the other hand, understanding the mechanism by which the social relations are founded, with emphasis on inequalities of domination and obedience relations that favor authority and the nature of political obligations constitutes a constant work of human thinking. Our analysis seeks to perceive the historiography and the definition of power for Michel Foucault and what are the central points of his idea. Constructing a new way of power by presenting new principles as locality, exteriority, transitoriness and non-ideologization breaking with the traditional view of power and with the sign of abandonment of this theory, he named his position as analytics of power.
O conceito de poder é necessariamente uma análise no tempo histórico e, sobretudo, nas correntes de pensamentos que são abordadas pelos diferentes autores que discutem essa temática. Este trabalho configura-se como um exercício de reflexão a respeito da percepção de Michel Foucault sobre o sentido de poder. Porém, é necessário afirmar que Michel Foucault nunca discutiu o tema poder como uma entidade coerente, única e estável, mas como relações de poder . Portanto, a questão do poder é indissociável e constitui um tema enraizado em seu pensamento. Por sua vez, compreender o mecanismo pelo qual se sustentam as relações sociais, em destaque, as desigualdades de relação de dominação e obediência que dão razão à autoridade e à natureza das obrigações políticas, constitui-se um trabalho constante do pensamento humano. A nossa análise procura perceber a historiografia e definição do poder para Michel Foucault e quais os pontos centrais da sua ideia. Construindo uma nova forma de poder, apresentando novos princípios como localidade, exterioridade, transitoriedade e não ideologização, rompendo com a visão tradicional do poder e com o signo do abandono dessa teoria, ele denominou sua posição de analítica do poder.
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Katrue, Srikanth. "Power reduction techniques for memory elements /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/5720.

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Books on the topic "Elemental powder"

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Vann, Luther E. Elemental: The Power of Illuminated Love. Columbia, SC: Soar Pub., 2008.

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Aberjhani. ELEMENTAL: The Power of Illuminated Love. South Carolina and Canada: Soar Publishing, 2008.

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Dunford, Franco Elizabeth, and Teachers College Reading and Writing Project (Columbia University), eds. Super powers: Reading with print strategies and sight word power. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 2015.

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1950-, Wolfe Amber, ed. Druid power: Celtic fairie craft & elemental magic. St. Paul, Minn: Llewellyn, 2004.

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Wolfe, Amber. Elemental power: Celtic faerie craft & Druidic magic. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications, 1996.

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Sundareswaran, K. Elementary Concepts of Power Electronic Drives. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429423284.

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Capra, Louis. Sun power. Washington, D.C: National Geographic Society, 2003.

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Robitaille, Diane. Literacy power: Book D. Toronto: Thomson, Nelson, 2004.

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Kear, Dennis J. Power words program: 202 high-frequency words. Austin, Tex: Steck-Vaughn Co., 1985.

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Primary teaching and the negotiation of power. London: P. Chapman Pub., 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Elemental powder"

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Takeda, T., W. M. Steen, and D. R. F. West. "Laser Cladding with Multi Elemental Powder Feed." In Laser/Optoelektronik in der Technik / Laser/Optoelectronics in Engineering, 394–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82638-2_78.

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Silva, Aline, Paulo A. P. Wendhausen, Ricardo Machado, and Waldyr Ristow. "Magnetic Properties Obtained for Fe-50Co Alloy Produced by MIM with Elemental Powders." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 1353–56. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.1353.

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Siqueira, R. P., Hugo Ricardo Zschommler Sandim, Vinicius André Rodrigues Henriques, and J. F. C. Lins. "Microstructural Evolution during Sintering of the P/M Blended Elemental Ti-5Al-2.5Fe Alloy." In Advanced Powder Technology IV, 55–60. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-984-9.55.

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Hagiwara, Masuo, and Satoshi Emura. "Blended Elemental P/M Synthesis of Titanium Alloys and Titanium Alloy-Based Particulate Composites." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 777–80. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.777.

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Esteban, P. G., Elena Gordo, and E. M. Ruiz-Navas. "Influence of High-Energy Milling and Sintering Cycle on Obtaining TiAl from Elemental Ti and Al Powders." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 813–16. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.813.

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Shahmohammadi, Maziar, Abdolreza Simchi, Herbert Danninger, and A. Arvand. "An Investigation on the Sintering Behavior of High Strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy Prepared from Elemental Powders." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 489–92. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.489.

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Dericioglu, Arcan F., Bilgehan Ögel, and Sakir Bor. "Production of Cu-Zn-Al Shape Memory Alloys by Powder Metallurgy from Elemental Powders." In Materials Development and Processing - Bulk Amorphous Materials, Undercooling and Powder Metallurgy, 340–44. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607277.ch55.

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Ivasishin, Orest M., Vyacheslav M. Anokhin, Alexander N. Demidik, and Dmytro G. Savvakin. "Microstructural Features of Titanium Alloys Manufactured by Blended Elemental Powder Metallurgy." In Materials Development and Processing - Bulk Amorphous Materials, Undercooling and Powder Metallurgy, 345–50. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527607277.ch56.

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Wendhausen, Paulo A. P., Aline Silva, André L. Slaviero, and Ricardo Machado. "On the Use of Elemental Powders to Process Fe-50Co Alloys by Powder Injection Molding." In Materials Science Forum, 230–35. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-423-5.230.

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Marycz, Krzysztof, Zbigniew Dobrzański, Fabiola Bubel, Agnieszka Śmieszek, and Jakub Grzesiak. "The Elemental Composition of Cod and Salmon Bones Derived Powder Using SEM-EDX and ICP-OES." In International Multidisciplinary Microscopy Congress, 209–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04639-6_29.

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Conference papers on the topic "Elemental powder"

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Hey, Janet C., and A. Peter Jardine. "TiNi synthesis from elemental powder components." In 1994 North American Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Vijay K. Varadan. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.174086.

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Thangaraj, K., Y. C. Chen, and K. Salama. "Fabrication of Porous NiTi Shape Memory Alloy by Elemental Powder Sintering." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1690.

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Abstract Porous equi-atomic NiTi Shape Memory Samples were fabricated using the Elemental Powder Sintering technique for varying starting powder sizes of Ni and Ti. The porosity was primarily dependent on the starting powder sizes, and less dependent on the sintering parameters and compaction loads. Sintering at higher temperatures of 1120°C and 48 hrs resulted in a completion of reaction to equilibrium NiTi. The average pore size was found to be in proportion to the starting powder size. The martensitic-austenitic transformations as determined from the electrical measurements had a broad transformation behavior. Compressive tests performed on the sample showed a recoverable strain of up to 2.5 %.
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Farias, Mathew, Han Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Jianzhi Li, and Ben Xu. "Molecular Dynamic Simulation of Diffusion in the Melt Pool in Laser Additive Alloying Process of Co-Ni-Cr-Mn-Fe High Entropy Alloy." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72075.

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Abstract High entropy alloys (HEAs) can be manufactured in many conventional ways, but it becomes difficult of fabricating heterogeneous materials and structures. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) method generally melts pure elemental powders or prefabricated alloy powders without alloying process. In-situ alloying in SLM, which is also called Laser Additive Alloying (LAA), using pure elemental powders becomes a promising method for creating HEA with heterogeneous structures. However, the effect of the diffusion of elements in the molten pool on the formation of HEA remains unclear. In this paper, the well-discussed Cantor HEA was studied in an in-situ alloying situation, where pure elemental powders (Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe) distributed on a powder bed were irradiated by laser and were subsequently allowed to cool back to room temperature. The diffusion of specific elements, with respect to their original clusters, was tracked via Mean Square Displacement (MSD) as well as the final composition of key locations. Our model was verified by showing a good agreement with the overall average diffusion rates of each element in the Cantor HEA qualitatively in other works from literature. Results initially showed that as the energy density increases, better diffusion was observed through a pixel overlay analysis about the mixing of different elements. The best-case scenario of diffusion from the pixel overlay map indicated a strong presence of 3 to 4 elements after the laser scanning. Given the conditions in the MD simulation, there was no apparent segregation of elements during the alloying process. In addition, we also conducted a simulation by implementing a 0.03 nm/ps laser scanning in a meander 2-track scan in order to completely melt the powder bed. After cooling and equilibration, Polyhedral Template Analysis was applied to analyze the crystal structure of the solidified powder bed in the presence of increasing components. When the powders of Cantor HEA were alloyed using LAA approach, all elements experienced a complex diffusion behavior, elements like Cr also experienced a relatively rapid diffusion compared to other elements. Despite this, Cr only diffused for a short period and diffused minimally during the in-situ alloying process. The analysis of element-specific behavior, such as diffusion, can provide a framework for the LAA production of HEA. This MD study provides a detailed analysis about the effect of diffusion on the formation of HEA system if in-situ alloying is adopted, the findings of this study can be used to guide the material design and the appropriate parameters for manufacturing process of new HEAs. This study can also be extended to analyze the effect of diffusion on the thermomechanical properties of HEAs.
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Walker, T. E., and D. R. Smith. "Development of a laboratory-based XRF facility for measuring elemental abundance ratios in planetary analogue powder samples." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Andrew D. Holland and James W. Beletic. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.926978.

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Väisänen, M., P. Vuoristo, T. Mäntylä, V. Maunu, P. Lintunen, and P. Lintula. "Microstructure and Properties of TiC-CrNiMo SHS Spray Powder and Thermally Sprayed Coating." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0429.

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Abstract Titanium carbide cermet spray powder was produced by the SHS process (Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis) using elemental Ti, C, Mo and prealloyed CrNiMo powders as starting materials. The powder was characterised (particle size distribution, phase structure, morphology) and the internal structure of each cermet particle was found out to be dense consisting of fine distribution of carbides embedded in a metallic matrix. The particle size range suitable for thermal spraying was obtained by sieving and air classifying. The coatings were prepared by HVOF spraying (DJH2600 and DJH2700). The dry abrasion wear resistance was evaluated by the rubber wheel abrasion wear test and electrochemical corrosion behaviour by open circuit potential measurements. According to the XRD analysis the amount of retained carbides in the coatings is high and the carbide phase has a spherical shape also in the coatings. The microstructure of coatings obtained is dense and the coatings possess good properties in wear and corrosion tests. WC-Co-Cr and Cr3C2-NiCr powders were used for comparison.
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Blatchford, M. T., A. J. Horlock, D. G. McCartney, P. H. Shipway, and J. V. Wood. "Production and Characterization of HVOF Sprayed NiCr-TiC Coatings Using SHS Powder Feedstock." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0515.

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Abstract In this paper, the production of NiCr-TiC powder by SHS, suitable for HVOF spraying, is discussed together with results on the microstructure and coating properties. Compacts for SHS were prepared by mixing elemental Ti and C with pre-alloyed Ni-20wt.% Cr powder to give an overall composition of 35wt.% NiCr and 65wt.% TiC. These were then ignited and a self-sustaining reaction proceeded to completion. Reacted compacts were crushed, sieved, and classified to give feedstock powders in size ranges of 10-45 µm and 45-75 µm. All powder was characterized prior to spraying based on particle size distribution, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS). Thermal spraying was performed using both H2 and C3H6 as fuel gases in a UTP/Miller Thermal HVOF system. The resulting coatings were characterized by SEM and XRD analysis, and the microstructures correlated with powder size and spray conditions. Abrasive wear was determined by a modified 'dry sand rubber wheel' (DSRW) test and wear rates were measured. It has been found that wear rates comparable to those of HVOF sprayed WC-17wt% Co coatings can be achieved.
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Wielage, B., S. Steinhäuser, G. Reisel, I. Morgenthal, and R. Scholl. "Vacuum Plasma Spraying of Pre-reacted MoSi2 and SiC-Reinforced MoSi2 Produced by a New Kind of Powder Processing." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0865.

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Abstract Molybdenum silicides have the potential as protective coatings for high-temperature applications because of their high melting point and their high-temperature oxidation resistance. Reinforcing MoSi2 with SiC shows an improvement of its low toughness at room temperature and low creep resistance at temperatures above the brittle-ductile transition temperature of approximately 700-1000 °C. A new kind of powder processing was used to produce MoSi2 and MoSi2-SiC as a feedstock for thermal spraying. Mixtures of the elemental powders, molybdenum and silicon, were prepared by milling and subsequent heat treatment to get highly dispersed, pre-reacted powders. As high-energy milling equipment, a planetary ball mill was used to prepare the powders. In the case of reinforcement, SiC was mixed to the pre-reacted MoSi2 at the end of the milling process, that means before heat treatment. On these as-milled powders, X-ray diffraction characterization (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and determination of the oxygen level were carried out. Vacuum plasma spraying has been used to deposit the powders onto a carbon steel substrate. Evaluated coating characteristics were the microstructure (SEM), phases (XRD), EPMA, oxygen content, microhardness and surface roughness. Tests at high temperatures will be considered in future work.
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Hart, Nicole R., Michael C. Dix, Pukar Mainali, Harold D. Rowe, Austin Morrell, and Mei Matheny. "Modeling Mineralogy and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) from X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Elemental Data for Improved Formation Evaluation in the Powder River Basin." In Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2019-584.

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Fialkova, Svitlana, Jair Flores, Sergey Yarmolenko, Jagannathan Sankar, Geoffrey Ndungu, and Kevin Wilkinson. "Effect of Thermal Treatment on Bioactivity of Experimental Dental Cement." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70970.

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to characterize and to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment on properties and bioactivity of experimental dental cement. Methods. Specimens of the dental cement (pellets 13 mm in diameter × 3 mm thick) were prepared by cold pressing of micronized powder of set Alborg White Portland cement. The thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) were used to analyze the phase composition and determine the transition temperatures for sintering process. The effect of heat rate and dwell time on density, crystal morphologies, crystalline phases and elemental composition of cement was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The bioactivity of set and heat-treated cements was evaluated by ability produce the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on a surface of specimen immersed in a simulated body fluid (Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS). The formation of hydroxyapatite was confirmed by SEM, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), XRD and and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The amount of produced HA was measured by weight method after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of immersion. Results. The set of samples were sintered from experimental dental cement at various heating rate and dwell time. The highest density was obtained at slower heating rate and longer dwell time. The heat treatment changes the hydration phases without changing elemental composition. The heat treatment significantly improves biological performance of dental cement. The heat-treated cement produces 10 times more HA with immersion into simulated body fluid.
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Sheng, Y., C. J. Lawrence, B. J. Briscoe, and C. Thornton. "3D DEM Simulations of Powder Compaction." In Third International Conference on Discrete Element Methods. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40647(259)54.

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Reports on the topic "Elemental powder"

1

Sasser, Walter I. Information: An Independent Element of National Power. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346385.

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France, Martin E. Mahan's Elements of Sea Power Applied to the Development of Space Power. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432784.

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Bichsel, Hans. Stopping power of fast charged particles in heavy elements. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4550.

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Lamb, Raymond L. The Information Element of National Power; Clarity at Last? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423631.

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Ewsuk, K. G., J. G. Arguello, Jr, D. H. Zeuch, and A. F. Fossum. Real-Time Design of Improved Powder Pressing Dies Using Finite Element Method Modeling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/773876.

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Herbold, E. B., O. Walton, and M. A. Homel. Simulation of Powder Layer Deposition in Additive Manufacturing Processes Using the Discrete Element Method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239200.

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Langford, Gary D. Power Projection Platforms: An Essential Element of Future National Security Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423647.

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Cavedon, Carolina. The Power of Reflective Professional Development in Changing Elementary School Teachers' Instructional Practices. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2074.

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Tanous, Stephen M. Building a Psychological Strategy for the U.S.: Leveraging the Informational Element of National Power. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414554.

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Lozano, Alejandra, Sarah Jameson, Sylvain Aubry, and Magdalena Sepúlveda. ESC rights: PUSHING THE FRONTIERS #1 | Women and public services#1 | Women and public services. The Global initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53110/xgvo5950.

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This briefing paper aims to explore the role of public services in the transformation of asymmetrical power relations between women and men. Released on International Women’s Day, the brief argues that public services can play a decisive role in this transformation, by fostering a critical examination of gender roles, redistributing resources and opportunities and strengthening positive social practices that enhance gender equality. It puts forward five key elements for a gender-transformative approach to the management, delivery, funding and ownership of public services
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