Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éléments finis, Méthode des – Applications scientifiques'
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Bomme, Patricia. "Objets hybrides dans des applications scientifiques orientées objets." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1113.
Full textBARROS, ELISABETH. "Estimation de parametres dans les equations de saint-venant." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066465.
Full textBenayoun, Serge. "Calcul local du mouvement : applications à l'imagerie médicale multidimensionnelle." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090032.
Full textDroniuc, Niculai. "Développement et applications géotechniques du calcul à la rupture par la méthode des éléments finis." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENPC0109.
Full textQasmi, Mounir. "LaNanoindentation simulée par la méthode des éléments finis associée aux algorithmes d'analyse inverse : un outil pour accéder aux propriétés mécaniques locales des matériaux : quelques applications." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2084.
Full textLochegnies, Dominique. "Résolution numérique par la méthode des éléments finis des problèmes viscoplastiques et applications à l'étirage et au forgeage." Valenciennes, 1988. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a3083d29-4085-4d6c-b4ef-4f0ebdcab1f8.
Full textPicard, Emmanuel. "Filtres planaires en technologies innovantes pour des applications multimédia." Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/175f1b18-41c0-49f5-b9c0-cebb24d6b6bf/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0002.pdf.
Full textBouillard, Philippe. "Méthodes de contrôle de la qualité de solutions éléments finis: applications à l'acoustique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212096.
Full textAs in other application fields, error control is an important issue in acoustic computations. It is clear that the numerical parameters (mesh size h and degree of approximation p) must be adapted to the physical parameter k. The well known ‘rule of the thumb’ for the h version with linear elements is to resolve the wavelength lambda=2 pi k-1 by six elements characterising the approximability of the finite element mesh. If the numerical model is stable, the quality of the numerical solution is entirely controlled by the approximability of the finite element mesh. The situation is quite different in the presence of singularities. In that case, stability (or the lack thereof) is equally (sometimes more) important. In our application, the solutions are ‘rough’, i.e. highly oscillatory if the wavenumber is large. This is a singularity inherent to the differential operator rather than to the domain or the boundary conditions. This effect is called the k-singularity. Similarly, the discrete operator (“stiffness” matrix) becomes singular at eigenvalues of the discretised interior problem (or nearly singular at damped eigenvalues in solid-fluid interaction). This type of singularities is called the lambda-singularities. Both singularities are of global character. Without adaptive correction, their destabilizing effect generally leads to large error of the finite element results, even if the finite element mesh satisfies the ‘rule of the thumb’.
The k- and lambda-singularities are first extensively demonstrated by numerical examples. Then, two a posteriori error estimators are developed and the numerical tests show that, due to these specific phenomena of dynamo-acoustic computations, error control cannot, in general, be accomplished by just ‘transplanting’ methods that worked well in static computations. However, for low wavenumbers, it is necessary to also control the influence of the geometric (reentrants corners) or physical (discontinuities of the boundary conditions) singularities. An h-adaptive version with refinements has been implemented. These tools have been applied to two industrial examples :the GLT, a bi-mode bus from Bombardier Eurorail, and the Vertigo, a sport car from Gillet Automobiles.
As a conclusion, it is recommanded to replace the rule of the thumb by a criterion based on the control of the influence of the specific singularities of the Helmholtz operator. As this aim cannot be achieved by the a posteriori error estimators, it is suggested to minimize the influence of the singularities by modifying the formulation of the finite element method or by formulating a “meshless” method.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
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Dufour, Frédéric. "Développements de la méthode des éléments finis avec des points d'intégration Lagrangiens : applications à la géomécanique." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00334013.
Full textChoné, Philippe. "Étude de quelques problèmes variationnels intervenant en géométrie riemannienne et en économie mathématique." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10020.
Full textIn the first part of this thesis, we consider a critical point u of a conformally invariant functional on a two-dimensional domain. We show that if u is a priori assumed to be bounded, then u is smooth up to the boundary of the domain. As an application, we establish a regularity result for weak solutions to the equation of surfaces of prescribed mean curvature in a three dimensional compact Riemannian manifold. The variational problems studied in the second part are motivated by economic issues, namely non-linear pricing by a monopolist or a duopolist. The problem consists in maximizing a functional over the cone of convex functions. We give a sufficient condition for the convexity constraint to be active. This condition does hold in many common situations in economics. Typically, in a two-dimensional problem, there exists an area where the rank of the hessian of the solution is 1. We write the Euler equation of the problem and derive the + sweeping conditions. We explain how to use these conditions to compute the solution. This method, however, requires some prior knowledge of the solution. We therefore study the numerical approximation of the problem. We show how to apply some simple finite-elements methods to the problem. There is, however, a strong theoretical obstruction to the convergence of these methods (in dimension greater than 2). Finally we consider duopoly models that involve non-concave and non-coercive functionals. We study best reply maps and Nash equilibria in these models
Golay, Frédéric. "Contribution à la modélisation par éléments finis des phénomènes thermomécaniques apparaissant lors de l'élaboration de matériaux composites : Applications industrielles." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22058.
Full textNineb, Shéhérazade. "Modélisations et outils numériques en mécanique non régulière et applications à la tenségrité." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20226.
Full textSaramito, Pierre. "Simulation numérique d'écoulements de fluides viscoélastiques par éléments finis incompressibles et une méthode de directions alternées : applications." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445423.
Full textAlachaher, Abderrahim. "Abd : une nouvelle loi de comportement incrémentalement non linéaire et applications par la méthode des éléments finis." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10136.
Full textKaddah, Fouad. "Étude numérique d'éléments de plaques et coques minces et épaisses pour des applications en génie civil." Villeneuve d'Ascq, École centrale de Lille, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10101.
Full textNajjar, Walid. "Contribution à la simulation de l'emboutissage de préformes textiles pour applications composites." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00841194.
Full textBerard, Alexandre. "Transferts de champs entre maillages de type éléments finis et applications numériques en mécanique non linéaire des structures." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA2045/document.
Full textIn continuum mechanics, when a problem is solved with the finite element method, field are known on nodes or on integration points, on a given mesh of the structure. If we which to use these results to perform a calculation on a second mesh, a data transfer is inevitable, especially in studies which imply adapting mesh process, or for coupling several codes. Numerical simulation must take this fact into account, which is not entirely the case today. So R&D division of EDF is eager to use some tools to remove this lock, in the software Code_Aster.There is a sum up of the work dine during the thesis. The objectives are the following: propose some methods for fields transfers, compare and describe these different approaches with theoretical analysis and numerical errors, implement one of these methods in Code_Aster, validate this implementation on some industrial cases
VIOT, VESCO VERONIQUE. "Etude comparative de quelques modeles dynamiques appliques aux vibrations de poutres droites." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECDL0010.
Full textMaurel-Pantel, Aurélien. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation par éléments finis du procédé de fraisage : applications à l'identification paramétrique des lois de comportement." Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA2017.
Full textMilling is among machining processes one of the most frequently used, but although milling processes operations are very used in mechanical engineering industries and as a lot of experimental results are avail-able, some essential physical phenomena present difficulties of understanding. In-deed milling is a very complex process with physical interactions between shearing, compression, ploughing, friction, very high strain rate, thermal effects and failure. Actually the machining industry needs to use new methodologies to optimise milling operations, investigations relate three main activities : in this context, a three dimensional finite element model of milling process, using an explicit commercial code, was developed in the proposed works. The workpiece material behaviour is in a first approach described using a Johnson-Cook constitutive law. In the same time, milling tests have been conducted to furnish cutting forces data in a shoulder milling configuration. In this way, a milling machine has been instrumented with a dynamometer linked to a specific real-time data acquisition system in order to measure milling cutting forces curves. Then, a confrontation has been led between the numerical and the experimental results. These experimental and numerical methods are here applied for a 304L stainless steel. Finally a behaviour model parameters identification procedure has been set up with the correlation of numerical and experimental results. Ail results are furnished by an analytical of finite element models of milling and by the experimental measure directly in milling process. The final consist to obtain predictive models on a wide working zone
Poinsignon, Anne. "Méthode des éléments finis pour les équations de transport hydrodynamiques des particules chargées : applications aux décharges hors-équilibre." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30012.
Full textVieilledent, Daniel. "Optimisation des outils en forgeage à chaud par simulation éléments finis et méthode inverse : applications à des problèmes industriels." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1999. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001861.
Full textVulpe, Cristina. "Développements d'indicateurs de qualité dans la modélisation des ouvrages géotechniques par la méthode des éléments finis : applications aux soutènements." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672359.
Full textVulpe, Cristina. "Développements d’indicateurs de qualité dans la modélisation des ouvrages géotechniques par la méthode des éléments finis : applications aux soutènements." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1130/document.
Full textThe thesis proposes to study the accuracy of the finite element method (FEM) analyses by means of « quality indicators ». The quality indicators represent simple mathematical formulas that are designed to evaluate the reliability of the numerical analyses. The accuracy of the discretization modeling of these analyses is determined ; the mathematical model is considered correct and the errors resulting from the choice of the mechanical properties of the soil are not taken into account. We proposed the mathematical formulations of the quality indicators and also established their lower and upper bounds. Due to their simple mathematical formulation, the quality indicators are easily implemented in any finite element computer code. We have introduced them in the CESAR-LCPC finite element computer code, namely in the nonlinear mechanical execution module. The proposed quality indicators are used on a number of simple 2D and 3D problems elastic and elastoplastic problems in order to assess the jump in stress values in the nodes of the generated mesh. After testing the accuracy of the discretization modeling of these numerical analyses, we evaluated the discretization modeling quality of a braced sheetpile excavation (Hochstetten experimental site, near Karlsruhe). The accuracy of the results based on the mechanical properties of the soil and the structure has not been studied. Also, we proved that the quality indicator results are independent of the chosen mechanical properties for the soil or structure
Loredo, Alexandre. "Réanalyse des structures : applications au contact élastique et aux matériaux incompressibles." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10051.
Full textBoissonnade, Nicolas. "Mise au point d'un élément fini de type poutre à section variable et autres applications à la construction métallique." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21394.
Full textTalbot, Jean-Marc. "Contraintes ensemblistes définies et co-définies : extensions et applications." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-367.pdf.
Full textViana, Serra Villa Cristiano. "Dynamique non linéaire des rotors : Applications numériques et expérimentales à un rotor flexible." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2005. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/cvilla.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with the dynamic behavior of rotating machinery containing the parts whose behavior is described by non linear laws. The first goal of this research is to implement methods of non linear analysis in order to solve the equations of motion of the system. Secondly, experimental studies are made with a test rig and the results are used to update a numeric model. The rotor is represented by a finite element model. To model the bearings, three models with different levels of complexity are presented, and a model where the kinematics of the rolling elements is adopted. The type of motion of interest is the steady state vibration, and to obtain this kind of solution it is advisable to use a frequential method like the Harmonic Balance Method Alternating Frequency Time (HBM AFT). This method can be implemented with an exact condensation strategy to reduce the computational time. The HBM AFT method is validated by comparing with a direct integration of a non linear Jeffcott rotor
Pham, Duc Vuong. "Suivi numérique des bandes de localisation dans les structures endommageables (endommagement par mésofissuration, anisotropie induite) : applications en géomécanique." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2309.
Full textLizé, Benoît. "Résolution directe rapide pour les éléments finis de frontière en électromagnétisme et acoustique : ℋ-Matrices. Parallélisme et applications industrielles." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132030/document.
Full textThe Boundary Element Method (BEM) requires the solving of large, ill-conditionned, dense linear systems with a large number of righ-hand sides ; the solving difficulty is the main practical obstacle to its use. A hierarchical matrix (ℋ´Matrix) is a hierachical, approximate, data-sparse storage format for matrices that can be manipulated to produce a direct linear solver with an asymptotic space and time complexity of O(N log α2 (N)). We consider the ℋ´Matrices for the BEM, with the assessment and application of ℋ´Matrices to complex academic and industrial test cases on the one hand ; and the efficient parallelization of these algorithms on the other hand. A rigorous and detailed parametric study on model and industrial test cases is shown. We define the working range of ℋ-Matrices for the BEM, provide recommendations for the algorithm parameters, and describe some practical optimizations. We show the relevance of the ℋ-Matrices in terms of precision and computation time, in comparison with a classical direct solver and with an iterative solver based on the Fast Multipole Method. The parallelization of the algorithms, in shared and distributed memory, relies on the expression of the computations with composable task graphs, dynamically scheduled with the help of a runtime system. We give an expression controlling the operations granularity through a configurable cut of the ℋ-Matrices, and present various optimizations and extensions of this expression. An almost optimal parallel efficiency is achieved in shared memory, along with promising results in distributed memory
Bérard, Alexandre. "Transferts de champs entre maillages de type éléments finis et applications numériques en mécanique non linéaire des structures." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00652207.
Full textBerraki, Madjid. "Étude théorique et modélisation d'une source piézoélectrique enterrée unidirectionnelle pour applications sismiques." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-Berraki.pdf.
Full textL'évolution des enregistrements effectués au niveau des récepteurs n'est pas attribuable uniquement aux variations dans le réservoir. La solution proposée dans cette thèse est la conception une source enterrée unidirectionnelle. La première partie expose un principe de source unidirectionnelle. Il s'agit de la combinaison, en milieu infini et en champ lointain, de forces ponctuelles dont les amplitudes complexes sont ajustées. La seconde partie décrit le rayonnement de la source unidirectionnelle idéale en milieu réel. Le modèle développé repose sur la détermination de la fonction de Green du milieu semi-infini, soit par méthode de Cagniard De Hoop (demi-espace), soit par méthode Réflectivité/DWN (milieu semi-infini stratifié). Un transducteur piézoélectrique unidirectionnel enterré, est modélisé dans la troisième partie. Le code éléments finis ATILA est utilisé pour modéliser la source piézoélectrique. Le milieu extérieur est représenté par sa matrice d'impédance, calculée soit par méthode itérative (demi-espace), soit par le code éléments de frontière MISSAXI (milieu semi-infini stratifié)
Touati, Adel. "Modélisation et simulation du comportement mécanique d'une structure oxydée à haute température : applications aux structures revêtues de type multicouches." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD353.
Full textModaressi, Arézou. "Modélisation mécanique des bétons bitumineux : applications aux barrages en remblais." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0112.
Full textChatti, Fadhel. "Simulations numériques du comportement mécanique d'un matériau d’âme à base de fibres enchevêtrées destiné aux applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0040/document.
Full textA new core material based on entangled and cross-linked fibers has been previously developed in order to improve certain properties of sandwich structures including vibration damping. However, its behavior must be optimized for use in the aerospace field. Several morphological parameters can be modified during the manufacturing process. The aim of this thesis was to develop a numerical model to better understand the behavior of this entangled cross-linked material. The behavior of a representative volume element of entangled carbon fibers without cross-links is first studied in compression using finite element. The numerical geometry of the fiber network relies on the morphological parameters of a real sample. Numerical simulations make it possible to follow, during the confined compression, the evolution of the different parameters, such as the distribution of fiber orientations, the distance between contacts or the volume fraction. These results provide a robust basis for developing the numerical model of the entangled cross-linked material which is then used to model the mechanical behavior in shear, and in particular to simulate and explain the hysteresis loops observed experimentally. At the end of this work, a numerical study is proposed to study the influence of different morphological parameters on the compressive stiffness and shear stiffness of the entangled cross-linked material
Kenmei, Nganguem II Louis Bertrand. "Mise en oeuvre d'une méthode d'éléments finis à éléments d'arêtes en deux et trois dimensions : applications aux lignes de topologies complexes pour circuits intégrés monolithiques micro-ondes et aux interconnexions sur circuit silicium." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-215.pdf.
Full textAfifi, Mostafa. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle transitoire de l'histoire thermique de matériaux par un jet plasma : méthode des éléments finis : Applications à la projection plasma et aux traitements thermiques." Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0145.
Full textMaurel-Pantel, Aurelien. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation par éléments finis du procédé de fraisage : Applications à l'identification paramétrique des lois de comportement." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561446.
Full textDoyeux, Vincent. "Modélisation et simulation de systèmes multi-fluides. Applications aux écoulements sanguins." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY017/document.
Full textIn this work, we develop a framework dedicated to the simulation of multi-fluid systems. We present validations and verifications of these methods on interface capture problems and viscous bubbles simulations.We then show that this framework is well fitted for the simulation of the rigid bodies flow.Next, we extend these methods to the simulation of deformable objects reproducing the behavior of red blood cells: the vesicles. We also validate these simulations.Finally, we apply the previous models to open micro-fluidic problems such as the splitting of a suspension at a bifurcation and the rheology in a confined environment
Parent, Guillaume. "Mise en œuvre d'une technique de projection de grandeurs discrètes : applications aux couplages magnétothermique et magnétomécanique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10094/document.
Full textTo study electromagnetic, mechanical or thermal systems, numerical modelling is more and more used. Generally, to numerically solve the mathematical models, the finite element method is used. ln the case of multi-physical coupling, the properties of each of the studied quantities imply the use of a common meshing which is mostly important in terms of number of elements. The aim of this work is to propound and use a projection method for discrete quantities allowing using dedicated meshes for each phenomenon. ln the first chapter, the mathematical models describing the electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical phenomena, as well as the discretization spaces of each unknown are exposed. ln the second chapter, the projection method is presented through a geometrical interpretation of the finite element method, and then is developed in a general way and for every physical phenomenon. Academicals examples are also modelled to validate the method. Finally, in the third chapter, the projection method is used for the modelling of electromagnetic systems in the case of magnetothermal and magnetomechanical couplings
Laurent, Hervé. "Etude en grandes transformations d'une nouvelle famille d'éléments finis coque triangulaire à trois degrés de liberté par noeud. Application à la simulation numérique de l'emboutissage." Le Mans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LEMA1013.
Full textLourme, Hugues. "Etude des assemblages collés par ondes guidées ultrasonores : étude expérimentale et modélisation par éléments finis." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13902/document.
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Hermant, Nicolas. "Observation, modélisation et simulation des vibrations des maquettes de plis vocaux : applications à des configurations pathologiques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT111/document.
Full textMy PhD work has focused on understanding physical phenomena related to speech production in healthy and pathological conditions. Some pathologies affect the structure of the vocal folds which could lead to a more or less substantial alteration of their vibrations. Part of this work is experimental modeling of speech production applied to pathologies, with the development of a self-oscillating vocal fold replica. This replica is made of water-filled latex, such as have already been developed at Gipsa-lab, but it allows a larger independence within its control parameters and it can be used to reproduce pathological conditions. A particular interest is brought to mechanical characterization of these vibrating structures. This characterization is of primary importance when it comes to repeatability and reproducibility of measurements, as for the analysis of experimental results with aeroacoustic coupling and the validation and improvements of corresponding numerical models.Simulations of the vocal fold vibrating behavior based on the finite element method have been developed. The model uses a formulation of the hydro-elastic coupling between the latex and the water which the replica is made of. It also offers the possibility to take into account the large deformations and the prestress within the latex induced by water pressure. Another numerical approach is made using a theoretical laryngeal flow model coupled with a distributed mass-spring model and a set of resonators. Calculations of the dynamical system stability offer the possibility for comparisons with the experimental setup through a finite set of parameters. This model is adapted to simulate pathological conditions such as asymmetries and the presence of growths (cysts, polyps). Finally, an optimization calculation of this model on an experimental reference configuration of the replica allows us to compare the calculations with the measurements on this replica with the presence of a polyp
Cofino, Bruno. "Analyse des contraintes résiduelles au voisinage des interfaces titane/hydroxyapatite réalisées par torche à plasma pour applications implantaires." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS017.
Full textNgo, Van Minh. "Localized failure for coupled thermo-mechanics problems : applications to steel, concrete and reinforced concrete." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978452.
Full textGillet-Chaulet, Fabien. "Modélisation de l'écoulement de la glace polaire anisotrope et premières applications au forage de Dôme C." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10255.
Full textThe ice crystal is one of the most anisotropic natural materials. Observations of polar ice show that the crystals are orientated along very marked privileged directions and that the fabric of the ice polycristal is the result of the strain history that the polycristal has undergone. The macroscopic polycristal behaviour depends on the fabric and can be strongly anisotropic. It has been shown that anisotropy can introduce the occurrence of stratigraphy disturbances and influences strongly the flow of the ice sheet. The aim of this work is to build an ice flow model for anisotropic ice and the evolution of its fabric. To this end, we model the ice monocrystal as a transversely isotropic continuous medium around its c-axis and we compare it with a slip-planes grain model. The ice fabric is described in a continuous way by the second order orientation tensor and a closure approximation for the fourth ordre orientation tensor. By homogenization, assuming uniform stresses or strain-rates, we obtain analytical solutions for the polycrystal behaviour and the evolution of its fabric. From these solutions, we derive a linear orthotropic flow law for the ice polycrystal and an equation for the evolution of the second order orientation tensor. These equations are able to reproduce the results of the self-consistent model using a discrete fabric description, with an important improvement as regards the computing time and the number of variables necessary to describe the fabric. These equations are then implemented in a finite element code, used for simulating the flow of an ice sheet with strain-induced evolving anisotropy. By performing synthetic tests, we show the influence of anisotropy on the ice flow. Finally, through our model results, we propose an interpretation of the Dome-C ice-core fabric data
Benannoune, Sofiane. "Simulations EF du couplage entre diffusion et piégeage de l’hydrogène sous sollicitations thermomécaniques. Applications relatives au fer et au tungstène." Thesis, Paris 13, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA131003.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to take up the previous work on diffusion / plasticity coupling under Abaqus and to implement in the finite element code a transient trapping process in a UMATHT user procedure, the equation of heat in a UEL procedure, and modify the mechanical behavior in the UMAT procedure, in order to solve in a coupled and simultaneous way the diffusion / trapping problems of hydrogen subjected to thermomechanical loadings.The model thus developed with transient diffusion / trapping coupling was first confronted, and validated on several materials (tungsten and iron) by comparisons on test cases with other codes of the literature (in particular the MRE HIIPC code). Then, considering the variations of the thermal fields, the tool and the implementation were validated on experimental results of TDS on tungsten as well as on other codes of the literature on the iron.Finally, the fully coupled model has been used on complex thermal load applications on a component of the future ITER Tokomak (DFW). 3D simulations on this structure have highlighted geometric effects that cannot be taken into account in 1D simulation. They have also highlighted the role of hydrostatic pressure, taking into account thermal expansion that can lead to significant differences in results
Burri, Sylvain. "Contributions à l'optimisation topologique de liaisons amortissantes pour des applications spatiales." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC039.
Full textThanks to their damping properties, elastomer materials are commonly used in the aeronautics and aerospace industries in order to reduce vibrations coming from external sources.When this material is placed between subs-systems of a mechanical assembly, it is able to protect the integrity of sensitive equipment such as electrical or optical devices.To study this phenomenon, this PhD thesis is based upon a representative finite element model of an industrial application composed of a payload that we aim to protect, a dispenser through which vibrations coming from the launcher are transmitted, and links between these sub-systems.The damping material is added inside the links which then have to handle two contradictory aims: transmitting static loads and damping vibrations.First of all, the material's positioning as well as its mechanical properties are determined by using a parametric optimization numerical strategy.Then, in order to improve the links’ design, a topology optimization algorithm is implemented.This algorithm is firstly used in a static environment, then some academic cases are solved in a dynamic environment
Lin, Yueguo. "Comportement thermoélectrique de matériaux composites pour applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESMA0012/document.
Full textComposite materials – since their high specific properties – are used recently to reduce the weight of aircraftstructures and to improve the performance engine in order to reducing the emissions of CO2. Composites of Carbon FibberReinforced Polymer matrix (CFRPs) are increasingly used in civil aviation industry for the production of structural parts:fuselage panels.Integrating CFRPs in the aeronautical structures has also some difficulties: the fuselage – generally subject to pressure of airflux – would be subjected also to shocks/impacts, particularly will be damaging for exposed to the aggressive environment(temperature, humidity, liquid cooling, ...).The fuselage is the principal structure to support the charge of electric current, such as those related to the electric current returnto ground or lightning : although the secondary networks of electrical cables and wires fences are provided to support thesecharges, the action of leakage currents, probably passer through bolted and riveted joints and because of the high differences ofelectrical potential between the surface of panels thickness, can activate the thermoelectric coupling and lead to localizedheating of these structures. Phenomena related to this type of coupling may be particularly remarkable in CFRPs – since thepolymer matrices is electrically and thermally quasi-insulates, for composite the thermoelectric behaviour is highly anisotropic– and need further research and investigation. The integration of micro and nano fillers – especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs) –in the polymer resin or in interface of fibber/matrix can improve the overall behaviour, but it is a technological solution that stillrequires be explored in detail.The aim of this work is to characterize the anisotropic properties of thermoelectric behaviour of materials CFRPs – charged oruncharged in CNTs. This characterization includes:· measurement of electrical resistivity/conductivity and their evolution with temperature,· characterization of the temperature fields induced by the passage of electric current,· identification of parameters for modeling the behavior of these thermoelectric materials and interpretation oftests,· characterization of the effect of moisture aging on the values of resistivity/conductivity of the composite
Ben, Souf Mohamed Amine. "Approche stochastique à base de modes d'ondes : théorie et applications en moyennes et hautes fréquences." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDL0035/document.
Full textThe prediction of dynamic behavior of structures is an important task in the design step of any mechanical product. There are many factors affecting the choice of the used methods. For a dynamic system, the frequency band under study is one of the important parameters since for each frequency range exists its appropriate approach which can be quickly inapplicable in other domains. For example, the high frequency methods are very limited in the lower part of the spectrum. Similarly, the so-called low-frequency methods become numerically inefficient if it goes up in frequency range. The mid-frequencies then represent the high-frequencies for global and low frequencies for local methods. Knowing that uncertainties play an important role on the vibro-acoustics behavior in mid-frequencies, the presented work is a contribution to the research approach, with inexpensive computing time, allowing the extension of a local method, called ’the wave finite element method’, in this frequency band. These contributions consist in taking into account uncertainties in the studied system to evaluate the dispersion of all parameters (spectral, diffusion, dynamics, etc.) and their effects on the global response (kinematic and energetic) of the structure. The presented work can be divided into two main parts. The first one involves the development of an explicit and direct formulation describing the dispersion of different parameters; this part is based on the first-order perturbation method. The second part is a generalization of the first one; indeed, using the chaos polynomial projection of all random variables allows a more general assessment of the effects of uncertainties on the dynamics of periodic structure in mid-frequency range
Roosefid, Mohsen. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique de deux bétons réfractaires silico-alumineux : applications à une poche d'aciérie." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0098.
Full textLn the framework of a French national program on modelling and experimental characterization of the thermo-mechanical properties of refractory materials (PROMETHEREF), two silico-alumina refractory castables are studied. To begin with, a new high temperature mechanical testing device has been built. The rheological characterization in compression and creep tests is studied from 20 to 1200°C on untreated and preheated sam pies of these two materials. From brittle da mage at room temperature, the materials evolve to viscoplastic behaviour at high temperature. Then, the mathematical description of the behaviour of the castables is carried out. This task is achieved tanks to an elastic da mage mechanics model, Mazars model, which model parameters have been calibrated taking into account the non local approach. The viscoplastic behaviour is aise described by Norton's law. Finally the finite element simulation of the thermomechanical behaviour of a steelladle is presented, ran with the CAST3M software