Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Élevage – Espagne – Moyen âge'
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Brisville, Marianne. "L'alimentation carnée dans l'Occident islamique médiéval : productions, consommations et représentations." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2119.
Full textFood is at a crossroads of various fields: economical, social, cultural, religious, material, and environmental. This characteristic is heightened in the case of meat because of its modalities of production, consumption, and representation. Being a source of tensions and ambiguities, of desire and disgust, animal flesh goes through multiple processes leading from the procurement the “raw material” to its consumption as an aliment, which appears as an eminently cultural construction made by material techniques. The historiography has traditionally characterized meat as an aliment being rare, expensive, and mainly, or even, only consumed by the elites. While this vision for the Medieval Christian West has been nuanced and pondered since, it is all the more fundamental to question the traditional image of a rare and expensive aliment for the Medieval Islamic West, by the confrontation of the textual and the archæological data available for this space. All the discourses provided by the Arabic sources—culinary, dietetic, and juridical ones—are unanimous in the valorisation of meat, by means of a large spectrum of arguments that associate the material, socio-economic, socio-cultural, and symbolic dimensions. However, confronting the textual and archæozoological data leads to consider three major parameters, which are the quantity, the quality, and the frequency of the consumption of this particular commodity. Moreover, it is crucial to apprehend, socio-economically and socio-culturally, all the strata of the population of al-Andalus and of the Medieval Maghreb, in order to perceive how far seasonality represented a major issue in the supply and the consumption of meat
Garcia, Charles. "Le Campo de Toro au Moyen Age : peuplement, seigneuries et société (IXe-XIVe siècles)." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100022.
Full textCharageat, Martine. "Mariage, couple et justice en Aragon à la fin du Moyen Âge." Paris 1, 2001. http://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/10061.
Full textQuitman, Nathalie. "La Trinité, omniprésente et familière : polémique religieuse, connaissance de Dieu et dévotion en Espagne du XIIe au XVe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0025.
Full textIn the middle ages, the Trinity of god is usually regarded as a théological subject. In Spain, in the context of coexistence of christians with jews and muslims, the Trinity was omnipresent and familiar to the laity. First, we show how the Trinity was inseparable with the themes of reconquista, conversion, proselytism. Then we analyse the part of the clergy in the promotion of Trinity as a polemic problem since wisigothic period. The last chapter insists on the role of the kings of Castille in the defense of the dogma and the ideological use of Trinity as an attribute of their image and power. The second part insists on the philosophical polemics. The spanish christians have mainly used philosophy of nature to convince the jews. The themes of cosmos, nature, divine attributes, natural generation in the trinitarian demonstrations give to Spain an intellectual originality in the west. The verses of the Old Testament, the exegese of Talmud, the verses of Coran, foundation of the polemis elsewhere, are used in Spain only in the mirror of philosophy. The last part tries to explain why and how in the XVth century Trinity became also a subject of individual devotion. The redemption of souls, visionnary litterature, devotion to the Virgen were inseparable with Trinity
Sitbon, Suzy. "Interdit de la représentation dans le judaïsme et création artistique : leçons des bibles médiévales de l'Espagne." Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHE5006.
Full textDo no graven images in the Judaism open another way of artistic creation toward abstraction and transcendence? We fix our choice on Massoretic Bibles of the Iberian Peninsula whose ornamentation I built on geometrical forms drawn by the Massore without figurative representation (Bibliothèque national de France, Hebrew 11-13-14-15-20-22-24-25-1314-1315 et 5-6 – 10 ; Bibliothèque municipale de Marseille, MS 1626/II et British Library OR 2201-2626-2628 et la Bible anciennement Sassoon 508). Four conceptualized and tested methods give another access to these ornaments. No graven images has opened the way to a visual artistic system on the move. The reader who stands himself gazing at these forms sprinfs up the image thanks to an inner physical, intellectual and spiritual moving. These bibles conceal a scriptural exegesis or mystical meaning in visible or hidden ways
Baloup, Daniel. "La croyance au purgatoire en Vieille-Castille : (vers 1230 - vers 1530)." Pau, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PAUU1002.
Full textIntroduced in Castile in the course of the XIII century, and mainly due to the influence of the indulgence preachers, the belief in purgatory took deep roots in the representations of salvation influenced by the ordeal of the reconquest. Yet, the cult of purgatory first developed in the last decades of the XVth century, through a wolly original iconography wich linked the salvation of the afflicted souls to Christ’s descent into Limbo and then trough the emergence of the brotherhoods of purgatory. After the first creation, in Valladolid, in 1492, initiated by a group of laymen, the number of brotherhoods increased through the impetus given by the clergy in an attempt to channel off obituary practices in favour of the parishes. The success of this devotion can be interpreted as an answer to the identity crisis wich was then rocking this border society, deprived of its traditional landmarks by the eviction of the Jews, the end of the reconquest (1492) and the mass conversions
Méouak, Mohamed. "Les structures politiques et administratives de l'etat andalou a l'epoque umayyade (milieu du iie viiie - fin du ive xe siecles) : etude prosopographique, essai de synthese sur les principales charges gouvernementales." Lyon 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO20050.
Full textAfter the examination of the main arabic muslim sources, the study means, from a prosopographical study on the reconstitution of careers of officials, originally arabo-oriental, berber, emancipated and slavic, to check the permanency of eighteen families of dignitaries who held the leading posts of government from the begining of the emirate to the end of the hispano-umayyad caliphate. Besides, this research delas with the possible transmission of the main politico-administrative duties and of the sociopolitical part of those families. Starting from the study of the state main offices, can we decide that structure exist in the administrative organization of the andalucian state at the umayyad time ? this is one of the major problems studied in the light of the possible specific characteristics of the andalucian system. The latter was the heir to syria's umayyad traditions and found itself influenced by the politico-administrative organization of abbasid state for the most part
Coussemacker, Sophie. "L'ordre de saint Jérôme en Espagne : 1373-1516." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100196.
Full textEremitical in his beginning, the order of san Jeronimo experience a fast development in medieval Spain, with the support of the kings and of the aristocracy. The hieronymites meet with some crises before the 1470’s: scission of the isidorites, external attacks, internal crisis, under the generalat of Alfonso de Oropesa. The crisis increase with the establishment of an internal inquisition and the adoption of a statute of "limpieza de sangre", measures due to the opposition between two factions. The purge is violent, but however limitated. The catholic kings impose on hieronymites some economical and spiritual reforms, but associate them to their government, with Fernando de Talavera, their confessor, and some others reformators. Then in order to reestablish their image, the hieronymites resume the redaction of their general chronicle, started at the end of the 1480's. The conventual chronicles will be collected in 1539 by Pedro de la Vega and in 1596 by Jose de Siguenza
Soussen, Max Claire. ""Iudei Nostri", pouvoir royal, communautés juives et société chrétienne dans les territoires de la Couronne d'Aragon au XIIIe et première moitié du XIVe siècle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS014S.
Full textOur study considers the relationships between christians and jews in the Crown of Aragon during the Thirteenth and first half of the forteenth century. The legal definition of these relations is given by the Church and the contacts are disapproved by both Christiandom and authorities of the judaïsm. Despite the rules, men meet one another, and the royal power considers the jewish minority as an ally for economical and political reasons. The general context is the one of the Reconquista, which implies the need of trustful men. The jews play this role in the conquered territories and elsewhere. But during this period, the thinking of the Chruch is more and more exclusive and the mendicant orders preach to the jews for them to convert. The society itself is getting closed. The sources for this study are both religious (manuscripts) and from the royal power (chancellery registers)
Martin, Céline. "La géographie du pouvoir dans l'espace wisigothique." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0050.
Full textAraguas, Philippe. "La brique dans l'architecture de l'Espagne chrétienne au Moyen âge : XIIème-XVème siècles." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040020.
Full textThe expansion of brick building between the xii and xv century leads, after taking into consideration the manufacture of the material itself, to the eximination of how it was actually used. General observation, refined by examinig regional particularities reveals reat differences that can't be explained by geological factors alone. It is necessary to understand how the expense of the material was compensated, and also to take into account the mudejar phenomenon, which, in fact, in no way explain the choice of the brick. On the one hand, it is obvious that there is a certain attacment to the ancient roman world, later reinforced by proballe italian influences relayed by the cistercians ; but the definitive success of the material was certainly achieved throuygh the elaboration of specific construction techniques for this material
Foronda, François. "La privanza ou le régime de la faveur : autorité monarchique et puissance aristocratique en Castille (XIIIe-XVe siècle)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010649.
Full textMazzoli-Guintard, Christine. "La ville d'al-andalus, esquisse d'un fait urbain : (etude d'histoire et d'archeologie a partir des sources arabes)." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN1108.
Full textDenjean, Claude. "Une communauté juive au prisme du notariat chrétien : les Juifs de Puigcerda de 1260 à 1493." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20018.
Full textGilotte, Sophie. "L' Estrémadure centre-orientale (VIIIe-XIIIe siècles): peuplement et formes d'habitat aux marges d'al-Andalus." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040066.
Full textNeglected by chronicles and situated in the background of the political scene, Middle-Eastern Extremadura seems to have hardly been studied in the context of Al-Andalus from the 8th to the 13th century. Away from the big cities of the fertile plains of the Guadiana and the Guadalquivir where populations, attracted by the agriculture richness, gathered, this area remained out of the preoccupations of the successive centres of power. Representing an outlying zone, it was also both a crossing area and a border area, and the history of its populating had only just begun so far. If the textual sources –whether Christian or Muslim– reveal a hardly populated environment for this zone, the survey of new or already existing sites, together with the study of the material, led us to qualify the emptiness of the countryside and to redefine the role of the urban environment. Even if this work favours the data collected on the sites, the other sources have not been set aside. As a matter of fact, numismatic and epigraphy happened to be important elements in order to understand the fenomena linked to the cultural, ideological and economical changes. The chronological development highlights the adaptation of peasant communities faced with the dismantling of the system of exploitation from late Antiquity and the fenomenon of the fortification in the countryside, and leads us to wonder about the different political factors which could influence it. The description of the main spatial and diachronic tendencies of the system of organisation allows to understand whether they are different from the established models, particularly as far as the Eastern lands of the Peninsula are concerned
Thieulin-Pardo, Hélène. "Les manuels de confession en Castille au XIVe et au XVe siècle : Édition et étude du manuscrit 92179 de la Real Academia de la Historia de Madrid." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030101.
Full textThis thesis consists in transcribing and stud ing the manuscript 9 2179 of the real academia de la historia de madrid. Il is a confession handbook dating back to the first half of the xvth century. This andbook is an abbreviation of the libro de las confessiones which was written by martin perez and dated 1316. This two texts were meant for confessors in order to dispense the sacrament of penance. They are guides with models of questionning which were intended to make the verbal avowal of sins easier. They also contain list of penance, advice, and rules of conduct as to how to welcome penitents and hear their confessions. In the first part of the thesis we have studied the historical and theological background to the discourse on confession, mainly influenced by the fourth lateran council. A synthesis was conducted from a corpus of twenty texts written both in spanish and in latin from the beginning of the xivth century to the beginning of the xvith century. It gives us a better indestanding of the place held by the libro de las confesiones ans the confesionario in the discourse on confession at large. After havind analyzed the correspondances between the original text and its abbreviation, this study endeavoured to analyse the pattern of the examination of one's conscience : catechism, sins ad status, sins committed against the five senses and some parts of the body. The model of society which appears also states the foundations of order and means to have some control over society
Navarro-Valenzuela, Carlos. "Le "Justicia" d'Aragon : un personnage unique dans l'Aragon du moyen âge et sa restauration après le franquisme." Reims, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REIML003.
Full textAurell, Martin. "L'Etat et l'aristocratie en Catalogne et en Provence : (IXe-XIVe siècles) : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10001.
Full textBezler, Francis. "Les pénitentiels espagnols : contribution à l'étude de la civilisation de l'Espagne chrétienne du haut Moyen Age." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040304.
Full textDéléry, Claire. "Dynamiques économiques, sociales et culturelles d'al-Andalus à partir d'une étude de la céramique de cuerda seca (seconde moitié du Xe siècle - première moitié du XIIIe siècle)." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20048.
Full textThis is a study of cuerda seca ceramics produced in al-Andalus (Spain and Portugal under Islamic rule) between the second half of the 10th century and the first half of the 13th century AD. It presents a typology of shapes and patterns of those ceramics for each period studied (Umayyad Caliphate, Taifas, Almoravid, Almohad Caliphate). The workshops of each period are described as well as their production. Chemical and physical analysis have been made as to underline the specificities of the cuerda seca technique of decoration and to show some evolutions in the know-how. The exchanges and the uses of those ceramics have been investigated especially its use as a support of expression
Bazzana, André. "Archéologie de l'habitat médiéval dans l'ancien shark Al-Andalus, Espagne orientale." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO20059.
Full textThe settlement of the populations of the iberian peninsula may have known, in the middle ages, a noticeable evolution, likely to have been influenced by "orientalism", especially in the way of life of these mostly rural populations. The archeological study of such an area as shark al andalus - allows to gather information from arabic and christian sources or provided by more than 300 dwelling or defense sites. The methods of extensive archeology have been privileged on account of the amopunt of documentation. The islamic conquest has doubly marked the transition centuries from late antiquity to the middle ages, characterized by a situation of demographic decrease, as well as economic depression : firstly, the arrival of populations, most of them coming from berber north africa -this arrival seemingly going on after 711-713- secondly, mediterranean features brought in or emphasized by the islamic conquerors. Therefore, considering the still imperfectly known archeological reality of the islamic area of levante, this work intends to describe the settlement (houses and villages) of shark al andalous and more generally its organization (soils and territories). This study also includes on one hand a brief survey of the changes caused by the christian conquest in the xiiith century and on the other hand the permanence of the previous forms of dwelling, up to 1609, when the "morisco" populations were expelled
López, Quiroga Jorge. "Du Miño au Douro : histoire et archéologie du peuplement entre l'Antiquité tardive et le haut Moyen âge." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040006.
Full textRereading the texts from the archaeology, allows us to go beyond the old historiographical speech about the "continuity" or the "rupture" in the settlement history in this period. In the cities/towns referring to main secondary urban agglomerations the development of these to bishoprics and christianization cause irreversible changes in their topography. The town late-antiquity evolves, transforming and adapting itself, far from the catastrophic visions and thesis of rupture. In the country, we observe from the fifth to the seventh century many internal transformations in the evolution of the rural roman population: a slow slope, but progressive, of the ancient rural settlement, their ways of organization and the occupation of the territory. From the end of the seventh century principally during the eight and the ninth century, internal and external factors were going to provoke: the breaking-off of the ancient population and the emerging of a scattered and marginal habit on the border of the roman rural landscape and in a crowded Douro "desert". The process of territorial reorganization "asturiano-leones" from the end of the ninth century will restructure the roman settlement from the ancient bishoprics and the new monasteries; and will cause the abandonment or the exclusion of other nucleus of settlement. In the fortified habitat the constant occupation of the high located places becomes noticeable: in the moment of the arrival and settlement of the suevi; and with the expansion of the "astur-leonesa" monarchy, with a double objective: appropriation of territories and the protection of the border of Douro and internal control of the territory in connection with the fragmentation of the characteristic power of the feudalism
Salas, Alfonso de. "L'iconographie de sainte Anne en Espagne à la fin du Moyen Age." Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30039.
Full textThe main features of the Spanish iconography of Saint Anne at the end of the Middle Ages, in particular during the period 1475-1525, are axamined in this research, in order to identify the Spanish contribution to the general iconography devoted to this topic at that time, but also its lacunae. On the basis of a very important amount of pictures found by the author, comparisons are made with the foreign production, as well as with Spanish pictures produced before and after the period of reference. Three major conclusions appear, namely : (a) the regularity of the Spanish production of images of Saint Anne, in open contrast with what happened in the Northern countries ; (b) the lack of innovation (the major genealogical and narrative items of the XVth century iconography of Saint Anne were kept in Spain, establishing a direct link with the childhood of the Virgin. The theme of Saint Anne teaching the Virgin to read was absent, as well as Anna gravida. On the other hand, the Allegory of the Immaculate Conception was important. Spaniards were attached to the old genealogical, narrative and theological images. They refused, in particular, the Trinubium and images of the Three Mary, as well as the Holy Kinship, and they favoured the old Anna selbdritt, the more naturalistic images of Saint Anne, the Virgin and the Child, and the iconography of the Holy Family including Saint Joachim and Saint Joseph. In Spanish fine arts, the five actors were increasingly placed in a mystic and devotional context they expressed, in their attitudes, a premonition of the Christ's Passion. Furthermore, these images of the family of Jesus went beyond the mere idea of expressing the Christ's genealogy : their purpose was to underline the humanity of the Second person of the Trinity, the Son of God. (c) the persistence of the "medieval spirit" in Spanish iconography of Saint Anne, not only during the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, but also in the centuries after. Spain remained attached to the traditional imagery. In any event the Spanish iconography revals the absence of any "annalatria" in this country (absence of Vita and of mass production of engravings ; non-lucrative purposes of the Saint Anne's devotion, non-existence of images aimed at promoting the purchase of candles or indulgence, scarcity of Spanish private devotional objects concerning Saint Anne, absence of the theme Charity of Joachim and Anne. On the other hand, two factors have to be underlined, namely the personal or collective aim of winning fame and good reputation when ordering the production of reredos devoted to Saint Anne and the fact that images of this holy, powerful woman were placed in public for practical purposes (protection against epidemy ; help in death, etc. Such protection and help were offered to anyone : in Spain, Anne was perceived as a saint for every social class, not only for the middle class (almost inexistent at that time) or for the elites
Zimmermann, Michel. "Ecrire et lire en Catalogne du IXème au XIIème siècles." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20084.
Full textHoubbaida, Mohammed. "L'élevage dans le Sud-Ouest de la France du douzième au quinzième siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30022.
Full textTwo main parts constitute the whole of this study: 1) the conditions and the pastures exploitation modes. 2) Livestock: its importance, its breeding modes and its exploitation. The first part is divided into two chapters: a) the conditions and the modes according to which the peasants, the monks and the mountain people had exploited the pastures of their lands. B) The Pyrenean transhumance: its two forms (in summer and in winter), its organization, its currents and its ways. The second part, itself, includes two chapters: a) the livestock and the breeding modes: a chapter that deals with different kinds of animals: ovine, bovines, porcine, horses, and poultry, regarding their importance, their quantities and their geographical and social frameworks. As for the breeding modes, they were different: livestock lease, the particular watching and the local watching. B) Livestock trade and animal products: livestock boosted an active trade not only in the local level but in the exportation level as well. Its main products, meat and cheese had contributed to feed the dwellers
Ferhat, Halima. "Sabta des origines à 1306 : vie et mort d'une cité." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010553.
Full textThe research is about the history of the moroccan city Sabta during the medieval period. The site and the situation of Sabta on the gibraltar straits allow the town to play a big role during the XIIth and the XIIIth centuries : arsenal for the almohaden fleet, economic centre, Sabta becomes the more important city of the Maghreb for the European who have their fonduq the hasa of the city, fuqaha and merchants (the Cadi Lyad, the Azafi family, Banu Sari, Al Yanasti and Ibn Halas), rules the town and plays a large part in the political field. The crisis of the almohad power during the XIIIth century allows the group (with the Banu Al'Azafi) to build an original political system : the sura. After the fall of sevilla, Sabta becomes an important refuge for the andalucian refugees and a well-known place of knowledge. The study emphasizes the original contribution of Sabta to the medieval civilization of the maghreb : the Cadi'iyad, the geographer Al Idrisi. Sabta was also the first place which celebrate the mawlid, had a medersa and innovate in other minor fields like cooking, chess. .
Benouis, El Mostafa. "Le système juridico-judiciaire almohade en Al-Andalous et au Maghreb, 542-668/1147-1269." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/benouis_em_notice.
Full textFrémaux-Crouzet, Annie. "Formes de dominance et d'anti-dominance en Espagne du bas Moyen âge aux temps modernes." Montpellier 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON30027.
Full textCombined works which, in the prospect of studying mental habits, are focused on the establishment of the hierarchies and dominance within the peninsular spanish society from the later middle ages to the modern times (14th - 16th century). This strateggy of power which implies the exploitation of man by man, a state of bondage of some human beings by others, oppression, physical and mental violence, manipulation of the difference, is ousted at the different levels of the sociological and cultural microcosms and macrocosms, at the level of the human body, the family, the group society. Starting from some representative facts and texts, the analysis tries to give an account of the two antithetic and interdependent forms of the phenomenon: the elaboration in its symbolic, architectural, linguistic and juridical aspects aims to justify alienation on one hand, the behaviours and the counter language of liberation on the other. Sexism and feminism, racism and universal fraternity, totalitarism and pluralism are articulated in ther dialectic interaction. In that perspective i analyse the "libro de las donas" by eiximenis, the threatises of princely education in the lower middle ages, the juridical constitutions of eremitic franciscanism
Larrea, Juan José. "Peuplement et societe en navarre de la fin du monde romain a l'age feodal (quatrieme - douzieme siecles)." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20022.
Full textThis dissertation studies the formation of feudalism in the kingdom of pamplona - later on navarre- and the relationship between social evolution and rural settlement. The regional theses about catalonia and the latium for example are taken as historiographic reference. The narrative and especially diplomatic written sources constitute the m basis for this work, although archaelogical, toponymic, and even onomastic data are also important. The dissertation includes four parts : 1) it goes back in time until the late empire, so that a close look at the rural settlement along fifth-eight centuries can be taken, and the society whose evolution towards feudalism is to be studied can be characterised. Contrary to the ideas generally taken for granted, we see a vasconia which shares the essential features late roman western europe. 2) the navarrese society of the ninth, tenth and beginning of eleventh centuries is analysed from five points of view : agricultural growth and settlement, monarchy and aristocracy, structures of public government problems of the great property, and vigour of the peasant little allodial property and freedom. 3) the crisis that shake social organisation inherited from the early middle ages during the central decades of the eleventh century is looked at fall of the traditional power structure and beginning of the feudal organization of aristocracy, installation of the sei banale and shaping of the group of milites. It is a deep upheaval which nevertheless developed under the apparent continuity of the ancient public sovereignty. 4) finally an image of the navarrese feudal society until mid twelfth cent is given. This part focuses on the evolution of the peasant state, and especially on the differences between the seigneu structure of the ancient navarre and that of the southern territory -conquered from the muslims and colonized from mid eleventh century on-, and also on the consequences of those differences as far as settlement patterns are concerned. The breaking-up of the lordship authority in ancient navarre brings about the fossilization of the net of little settlements
Barbé-Coquelin, de Lisle Geneviève. "Entre l'Islam et l'Occident : pratique et théorie architecturale en Espagne du Moyen-Âge au siècle d'or." Tours, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOUR2009.
Full textStudy of hispanic architecture in a perspective of "longue duree" refering to historical conditions of an exceptional meeting of cultures and religions. We studied simbiosis between materials and forms proceeding from islam and european currents, called mudejar by the storians, since xixth centiry. Since 1492, in andalusia, we can observe a choice of stone, as a symbolic expression of victory on islam, while in aragon where reconquest had been centuries ago, brick is predominant everywhere is observed importance of use of framework mixing structures from islamic origin and european decoration. The use of these frameworks will be extended to the new world. In xvith century, we observe the presence of an intense activity in architextural theory, inspired from italian authors, as well as, in connection with progress of mathematics and scientific activity, in more practical spheres, like stone cutting (see alonso de vandelvira's work) and framework about which almost simultaneously, in xviith century, we have a treatise published in sevilla and manuscript notes in mexico (fray andres de san miguel)
Brunel, Ghislain. "Economie et société en Picardie méridionale (Soissonnais et Valois) du XIe au début du XIVe siècle." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010560.
Full textBardoneschi, Floriana. "Le cheval de trait et son harnachement (entre Meuse et Loire, XIIe-XVIe siècle) : symboliser, habiter et cultiver les campagnes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC117.
Full textThroughout the medieval period, the working horse is at the same time a power-driven machine, a social marker, an investment and a companion. It has a hand in agricultural development as well as in all economic life. Source-crossing is the best solution to explore all its aspects. Besides iconographic documents which show agricultural activities, our particular focus were on three collections of texts : farming leases signed by the Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem in the area of the French Priory, remission letters granted by the king of France and inventories made after the death of persons from Burgundy and Dijon. This is an opportunity to study what was the budget to buy and use a work horse, and how the search for productivity and cost-effectiveness appear. Several approaches may be found. First of all, it's important to see how a farmer could get a horse and the place where it's available, whether it's first- or second-hand. Then, there is the investment for its food and its maintenance in good condition for work. Furthermore the harness of draught horses is worthy of specific attention. The most important and the better known is the collar, but it's a piece of a set of technical developments. They meet not only other pieces of harness but also tools draft, -ploughs, harrows or cars
Boube, Emmanuelle. "La topographie des villes de la province de Carthaginoise de l'Antiquité tardive à la fin du Royaume wisigothique (IVe-VIIIe siècles)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040175.
Full textPéquignot, Stéphane. "Au nom du roi : pratique diplomatique et pouvoir durant le règne de Jacques II d'Aragon (1291-1327)." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA120020.
Full textMarin, Annabelle. "La part des femmes : une lecture de la haute noblesse castillane au XVe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL192.
Full textThis dissertation is a study of the questions of power and feminine authority before queen Isabel, in a social group that so far has not been the object of any in-depth study: the female high nobility, and more precisely, that of the wives of high dignitaries of the court of the Trastamare kings in the 15th century. The hypothesis is that a series of common practices and behaviors existed within it, and this study analyzes “the women’s share” in the mechanisms of union and familial transmission. Beyond the functions that are traditionally assigned to her, such as mediation or cultural and religious patronage, the noble woman manages and passes down her land, a full-fledged actor of the political, social and economic changes of her time. The study of this group of noble wives forms an expedient observatory from which to reevaluate the role of the noble woman, both at the level of the familial sphere, by offering elements to enrich the study of the noble Castilian family, but also, at the level of Castile itself, through the examination of their interaction with the actors of the time. Finally, the analysis delivers another portrait of the noble woman in late medieval Castile
Labarthe, Marie-Hélène. "Premières arithmétiques imprimées des Espagne : une hiérarchie des problèmes au service des procédés de résolution." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30302.
Full textPéricard-Méa, Denise. "Le culte de saint Jacques : pèlerins de Compostelle et pèlerinages en France à la fin du Moyen Age." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010503.
Full textThis study - conducted over the period of time from 12th to 15th century - has led to the statement that French pilgrims were not as numerous as was originally believed. That the galician shrine occupied such a large place in the minds of the kings and knights of the time, each of them aspiring to identify either with charlemange or with roland and his companions, was a result of the success of the turpin chronicle. It was by rushinh upon pierre le cruel or the english taht the knights accomphished their pilgrimage, or alternatively through a passage of arms, a dramatization of the same theme. As for ordinary pilgrims, the literature may leed us to believe there were milions of them, but in actual fact they numbered only a few hundred, dotted along the road of time. Pilgrims crowds did exist however, and could be met with on the roads leading to the many shrines dedicated to Saint James, who was both one and many and was woven into many legends, most of which had been imported from the orient at the times of the crusades ans reshaped by chivalrous and popular imagination. The importance of these local shrines which held Saint James's relics, or even his body, can be attested to by the political stakes which they representated at times, and by the hospital and hospitable structures as well as brotherhoods they generated
Hanna, Charbel. "Le rôle et l'influence de Ziryab dans l'évolution de la musique arabe et andalouse." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040079.
Full textMusical connections between east and west trace back to the middle age, particularly to the 8th and 9th centuries, when the musician Abu al-Hasan 'Ali ben Nafi', nicknamed Ziryab, acted as oriental envoy. He was born between 775 and 780, probably of Abyssinian descent. Disciple of the traditional music school founded by Ibrahim and Ishaq al-Mawsili in Baghdad, he was deeply learned and was artistically highly gifted. He had to leave the Abbasside capital, Baghdad, and the court of caliph Harun al-Rachid (786-809) and went to Kairouan. After having sung for Ziyada Allah the aghlabide, he had to leave the Maghreb in 821. Once in Andalusia, he was welcome by emir 'Abd al-Rahman II (822-852) personally. Ziryab happened to be a good judge of passions and needs of Andalusian. He looked at them with an oriental renovating mind, influenced by datas of this new Muslim society; he then conceived diverse creations. He thought up a peculiar lute, to which he added a fifth string and replaced the old plectrum by a new one, carved in an eagle feather. He indicated the development of the nuba and made a few other innovations in the field of fashion and even cooking. Ziryab left in history remarkable traces which influenced Arabic music of this time and which are still to be noticeable nowadays
Linares, Lidwine. "Les saints Matamores en Espagne, au Moyen Âge et au Siècle d'Or (XIIème-XVIIème siècles). Histoire et Représentations." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00588390.
Full textLeturcq, Samuel. "En Beauce, du temps de Suger aux temps modernes : microhistoire d'un territoire d'openfield." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010634.
Full textVan, Haelen Eliette. "La coexistence des trois religions monothéistes en Andalousie aux IXe et Xe siècle." Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO3A005.
Full textMureau, Cyprien. "Consommation et exploitation des ressources animales en Auvergne et en Languedoc de l’Antiquité tardive au haut Moyen Âge." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCH019.
Full textThis research takes stock of archaeozoological investigations to this day in Auvergne and Languedoc (France), two regions still lacking a synthetic account of available material of the transition between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. It relies on analysis of 155 000 fauna remains recovered mainly from 39 rural sites dated from the 4th to 8th centuries AD. The faunal material has been split in 460 groups, called chrono-stratigraphic samples. They serve as a foundation for the estimate of each species’ status, dietary habits and waste management. These case studies have provided evidence for a synthetic theory of the production and consumption of animal resources, the better to understand how rural communities of the time and localities cared for their livestock.The synthesis begins with a osteometrical analysis of domestic animals, shedding further light on the acknowledged but poorly-documented phenomenon of progressive size decrease in bovines, caprines and pigs. Further studies help single out unique local swine forms between the Languedoc and Auvergne regions, along with two asinine forms which indicate the incoming and predominance of a small shape during the Late Antiquity in southern France. The wide range of canine bones dimensions give information about a wide variety of shapes in domestic dog, while the wide size range of feline bones equates to the joint presence of domestic cats, wild cats and Iberian lynxes. Bone study then focused on identifying origins and function in order to classify avenues and methods of release from animal waste. A variety of practices for butchering, cooking and consuming the flesh, was thereby uncovered through a taxonomic and anatomical classification, providing grounds for a diachronic and interregional analysis of meat diets and pastoral practices in the area under study.Despite localised variations, animal husbandry and trade of animal goods seems to have undergone coherent, regional change across the area under study, with a notable increase in caprine populations throughout the Late Antiquity followed by a renewed rise in bovines and a progressively higher average age for herd animals as exploitation and trade of flat oysters ceased. These are but a few examples of a constant evolution of the methods and practices for exploitation of animal resources, an evolution which would suggest that progression toward a medieval model was far from linear but rather underwent oscillating cycles, testifying to the vitality and adaptive qualities of rural populations
Boissellier, Stéphane. "La vie rurale entre Tage et Guadiana de l'Islam à la Reconquête (Xe-XIVe siècles)." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT3001.
Full textIn the Iberian Peninsula, the question of the Reconquest is much debated but it raises very deep problematics. In this setting (the western part of the Muslim Spain, corresponding approximatively to the south of Portugal), works are rare and sometimes dated. The lack of research about the "Portuguese" Islam and the cultural dimension of the topic led us to study the Islamic society for itself and not as a simple prelude to the conquest, because the lengthy immersion of the natives by the Arabic-Muslim culture creates basic original aspects. However, the rarity of the Arabian documents and the lack of archaeological research in Portugal does not allow the evaluation of their impact. So a very difficult comparative and regressive method must be used (based on Christian documents) to study the Islamic rural society and the substitution of its structure by a new organization. The Christian conquest constitutes a total rupture in many aspects but this rupture is more or less emphasized according to the regions because of the differencies in the intensity of colonization and progression's rythm of the armies (from 1147 to 1249). The settlement seems very different under Islam and after the conquest. It’s more difficult to appreciate the impact of the Christian colonization in the peasantry's socio-political structures (from castral communities to municipal ones); we are far from the understanding role of the mudejars and above all the conversos to a new society organization, even if this is the key to the main questions. However, it is indeed decisive seeing first the undeniable continuity (more or less long-lasting) in agricultural techniques then, some special linguistic aspects
Linares, Lidwine. "Les saints matamores en Espagne du Moyen Age au Siécle d'Or, histoire et représentations." Toulouse 2, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00588390.
Full textThe matamoros are holy typically Hispanic military who, according to the legends brought back in numerous chronicles and hagiographies, would supernaturally have intervened during certain battles of the Reconquest to give victory to the Christians in crushing defeat in front of Moslems invaders. Our work of thesis consists in studying collectively these four saints (saint James, apostle and patron of Spain, saint Emilien of the Cogolla, saint Isidore of Seville and saint George) notably from the point of view of their representations, so textual as iconographic. On one hand, we intend to write an history of the Spanish military holiness since its previous origin and to draw the essential characteristics of it. On the other hand, the purpose is to show, by the prism of the representations, that these saints are saints sui generis, anchored in a specific territory but also in an History, and that spaces and elements of historic context widely influenced the treatment which authors and artists reserved them
Sirantoine, Hélène. "L' imperium hispanique médiéval (IXe siècle - 1230) : recherches sur les idéologies monarchiques dans la Péninsule ibérique médiévale." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30034.
Full textThe attribution of the qualifier imperator and the recognition of an imperium, for a whole series of leonese, navarrese and aragonese kings, from the IXth to the XIIth century, is a phenomenon which aroused, in the past, intense debates. A dispassionate reflection on the subject based on the philological study of the semantic field of the imperium, leads to the demythologization of the idea of empire, and reveals the stakes bound to the notion in terms of monarchic ideology. Marginal till the XIth century, the phenomenon appeared at first only in the writings of a few scribes. It nevertheless created the opportunity for an original initiative with the introduction in the charters of the regnum-imperium formula, which strengthened the exclusivity of the royal power. With Alfonso VI of Castilla-León (1065-1109), the qualifier imperator became a real title, used by the emerging chancellery. It took root in the ideological traditions of the kingdom and signified the hegemonic role which the king gave himself over Hispania. Queen Urraca (1109-1126) and her aragonese husband Alfonso I (1104-1134) then struggled intensely for the title. But it was with Alfonso VII (1126-1157) that the imperium became again essential to the monarchic image. His imperial crowning in 1135 inaugurated an important era of propaganda, which gave the empire of Alfonso VII a vassalic foundation, and made the emperor a suzerain more than a sovereign. The multiplication of the vectors of this ideology (diplomas, coins, chronicle) and the fact that the successors of the king took advantage of it insured the perpetuity of the forged image, and the persistence of the souvenir of "emperor Alphonse VII"
Buresi, Pascal. "Une frontière entre chrétienté et Islam : la région entre Tage et Sierra Morena (fin XIe-milieu XIIIe siècle)." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/buresi_p.
Full textBrahmi, Abdelaziz. "Rencontres et interférences dans la pensée juive et musulmane : Al-Ghazali et Maïmonide." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA083665.
Full textIn this work, we tried to pose some fundamental problems linked to Jewish and Muslim philosophies in the middle Age, in particular the philosophical systems of al-Ghazali (1058-1111) and Maimonides (1135/38-1204). To develop the theme under study, we limited the studied period to the one between the 9th and the 12th centuries. We depicted the converging and the diverging points between the two thinkers and how each one of them deals with essential problems and particularly metaphysical ones : for example, God, its existence, its attributes, the creation of the world, divine providence, prophecy etc. We have followed up a thematic approach : a brief historical survey of the course of the two philosophers that introduces us to the whole intellectual life of Muslim Spain. The aim being to better shed light on some points relative to history as well as to prove the existance of a dialectical relation between the two philosophies which resulted in the quality and the richness of the Judeo-Arabic culture. Our research is proceeded along in seven chapters : their reflexions on God are the subject of the first four chapters, while their opposing discursive interpretations on God are examined in the last three ones. Our analysis does not reach an exhaustive conclusion on convergences or divergences between the two thinkers, but it has served, at least, to clarify their philosophical positions, thus permitting us to come over as many as converging and diverging points between them
Ben, Hsain Mesmoudi Rajae. "Approche quantitative de l'or monnayé en Occident musulman (450/1058-59 à 830/1426-27)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010601.
Full textGold of western Arica has been undervalued for centuries. Before the fifties, the reality of this metal had not yet been put in evidentness. Only the middle age Arabs beared testimoney to the quantity and the quality of this valued meta l, which for more than six centuries was one of the basis of their monetary prestige. The purpose of this thesis was to put the gold of western africa in its exact position by analysing part of the monetary reality and by approaching partia lly the quantities of gold which left western africa between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. Muslim sovereigns from the west as wall as those from the east were great yellow metal's consumers. More than thirty-seven workshops in the muslim occident coined gold. With these gold coinages, we have an inkling of the truth about the reality and the importance of occidental africa and of its richness known by the muslim occident. This work can perhaps help to rediscover some historical realities previously not well known. Can we rewrite history by using the legends of the 4070 gold coins studies in this thesis
Cheynel, Monique. "La condition féminine à travers les écrits des moralistes et des poètes en espagne (XIIIe-XVe siècles)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040115.
Full textTuil, Bulle. "Inhumation et baraka : La tombe du saint dans la ville de l’Occident musulman au Moyen-Âge (XIIe-XVe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040277.
Full textSince the fi rst publications dated from colonial times, which mostly sought to show its folk and endemic character,the cult of saints in North Africa has been the subject of numerous studies both dealing with its origins as itsdiachronic evolution. The fi rst stage of development that goes from the twelfth to the fi fteenth century is well known.However, this worship is committed to the graves of revered fi gures and there have been no studies specifi cally focusingon their materiality. This research then intends to reconstruct the building stages of real poles of devotion around theholy tombs whose climax is reached during the fourteenth century. This approach is in line with archaeology of the lost,and therefore focuses on the analysis of written sources in order to approach a physical reality, otherwise unattainable.The fi rst step is formal. The point is to understand what is erected over the tombs of the saints and for whatpurposes, in a chronological way. The constitution of shrines is subsequently considered in its social context, beforeanalysing how these burials inscribe themselves in a given space, and even participate in a symbolic writing of the city’sterritory.The set up of these funerary poles of devotion is not an isolated phenomenon, since it can be seen across the dāral-Islām. The Maghreb is therefore fully inscribed in the history of medieval religious architecture of the Muslim world