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1

Elicited metaphor analysis in educational discourse. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015.

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2

Wan, Wan, and Graham Low, eds. Elicited Metaphor Analysis in Educational Discourse. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/milcc.3.

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3

Schiopu, Nicolae. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions elicited by bone-conducted ultrasonic stimuli. National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999.

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4

Arcidiacono, Peter. Modeling college major choices using elicited measures of expectations and counterfactuals. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.

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5

Monteiro, Andre Antonio. Blood flow change in human masseter muscle elicited by voluntary isometric contraction. Karolinska Institutet, 1990.

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6

Zhao, Quan. Topiramate action on the L-type calcium current elicited from transfected HEK 293 cells. National Library of Canada, 2003.

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7

Scarpa, Federica. Contrastive analysis and second language learners' errors: An analysis of C-test data elicited from beginners in Italian. Centre for Language and Communication Studies, T.C.D., 1990.

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8

Lu, Huogen. Characterization of a suppressor of elicitor-induced necrosis from intercellular fluids of tomato leaves infected with Cladosporium fulvum. National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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9

Harms-Ringdahl, Karin. On assessment of shoulder exercise and load-elicited pain in the cervical spine: Biomechanical analysis of load, EMG, methodological studies of pain provoked by extreme position. Distributed by the Almqvist & Wiksell Periodical Co., 1986.

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10

Egidius. Liber iste que[m] lege[n]dum proponimus: Liber est noue institutionis et studiose conpositio[n]is artificio de antiquorum sente[n]tijs elicitus [et] exortus : in quo p [u]b[l]icalis scientie resulta[n]t archana [et] secreta indicia vrinarum contine[n]tur ... s.l., 1987.

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11

Heidel, Jerry Raymond. Functional studies of elicited bovine alveolar neutrophils. 1988.

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12

Su, Hong. Isolation, purification, and structure elucidation of hop plant elicitor. 1992.

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13

Peever, Tobin Lindsay. Suppression of elicitor-induced effects in the "Cladosporium fulvum"/tomato interaction. 1987.

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14

Specht, Steven M. Histamine-elicited and food-related drinking in adult and weanling rats. 1987.

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15

Adolph, Dirk. Perception and regulation of emotions elicited by chemosensory signals in socially anxious individuals. 2010.

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16

Kostyk, Sandra Ksenia. The neuronal organization underlying visually elicited prey orienting in the frog, Rana pipiens. 1985.

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17

Noldner, Pamela Kim-Mai. Role of phospholipases in signalling an elicitor-induced oxidative burst in tomato suspension cells. 1998.

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18

Larson, Victoria M. Task-Oriented, Naturally Elicited Speech (TONE) database for the Force Requirements Expert System, Hawaii (FRESH). 1988.

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19

Näätänen, Risto, Teija Kujala, and Gregory Light. The Mismatch Negativity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198705079.001.0001.

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This book introduces the electrophysiological change-detection response of the brain called the mismatch negativity (MMN). MMN is elicited by any discriminable change in some repetitive aspect of ongoing auditory stimulation even in the absence of attention, causing an attentional shift to change, hence representing a response of vital significance to the organism. In addition, an analogous response is also elicited in the other sensory modalities and occurs in different species and in the different developmental stages from infancy to the old age. Importantly, MMN, reflecting the NMDA-receptor functioning, is affected in different cognitive brain disorders, providing an index of the severity of the disorder and effectiveness of remediating treatments.
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20

Machery, Edouard. Fooled by Cognitive Artifacts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807520.003.0004.

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Chapter 3 examines one of the two concerns often brought up against the method of cases: The judgments elicited by cases seem epistemically deficient. This concern is captured by the first argument against the method of cases, which I call “Unreliability”: Cases currently used in philosophy as well as those cases that would be particularly useful for some central philosophical purposes are likely to elicit unreliable judgments. Judgments elicited by typical philosophical cases are similar to experimental artifacts—outcomes of experimental manipulations that are not due to the phenomena experimentally investigated, but to the (often otherwise reliable) experimental tools used to investigate them. That is, they often are “cognitive artifacts.” Chapter 3 concludes that we ought to suspend judgment when confronted with a philosophical case.
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21

Lu, Huogen. Characterization of a suppressor of elicitor-induced necrosis from intercellular fluids of tomato leaves infected with Cladosporium fulvum. 1992.

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22

Sherratt, Thomas N., and Changku Kang. Anti-predator behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797500.003.0009.

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Insects have evolved a wide range of behavioral traits to avoid predation. Frequently, these behaviors are deployed to augment the effectiveness of a primary defence such as crypsis or mimicry, but they are also sometimes elicited as a secondary defence when a primary defence fails. Anti-predator behaviors in insects include adaptations to avoid being detected by predators, adaptations rendering the insect unattractive to consume, warning behaviors, and behaviors to enhance the effectiveness of mimicry. This chapter reviews many of these behavioral anti-predator adaptations, emphasizing when they are elicited and highlighting their adaptive significance. We argue that some of the inter-specific variation in behavioral defences can be explained in terms of defensive portfolios: if a physical defence is sufficient, then behaviour to augment or back-up this defence is unnecessary. As the use of comparative methods increases, researchers will be better placed to understand variation in the suites of defences that evolve.
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23

Driver, Henry Austen. Byron And The Abbey: A Few Remarks Upon The Poet, Elicited By The Rejection Of His Statue By The Dean Of Westminster. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.

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24

An investigation of children's perceptions of story content as elicited by three modes of presentation: The storyteller, the reader, the sound slide show. University Microfilms International, 1985.

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25

Report of the Special Committee of the Board of Aldermen Appointed to Investigate the Ring Frauds: Together with the Testimony Elicited During the Investigation. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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26

Bush, George. Treatise on the Millennium: In Which the Prevailing Theories on That Subject Are Examined; and the True Scriptural Doctrine Attempted to Be Elicited and Established. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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27

Gori, Simone, Enrico Giora, and D. Alan Stubbs. The Breathing Light Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0047.

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This chapter discusses the Breathing Light Illusion. The Breathing Light Illusion is a size and brightness illusion elicited by the self-motion of the observer. The stimulus consists of a circular white spot that is presented on a black background, characterized by blurred boundaries. The blurred spot, which in static view seems to glow and exhibits a self-luminance appearance, is perceived as wider, brighter, and more diffuse when it is approached but smaller, darker, and sharper when one recedes from it. A possible explanation of the phenomenon is related to the superimposition of the afterimage on the physical stimulus during dynamical viewing.
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28

Gillam, Barbara. Subjective Contours. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0098.

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Subjective contours are perceived edges of surfaces in locations where there is no physical contour in the image. They cannot be regarded as a general neural filling-in process because they only occur as the edges of apparently occluding surfaces (surfaces in a scene that hide other surfaces or contours). This chapter shows how subjective contours are elicited by contextual evidence for surface stratification especially by “inducers” that signal in various ways that they are occluded in the location where the subjective contour appears. This can be two-dimensional information about figure shapes and alignments or three-dimensional information about depth relationships.
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29

Spalding, Tim. History and examination of the knee. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.008001.

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♦ History and examination of the knee are linked and specific examination is determined by the likely diagnosis indicated by the history♦ The 5 diagnostics groups are: Anterior knee pain; Traumatic injury to knee ligaments, meniscus, or other structures; Degenerative osteoarthritis; Inflammatory joint problem; and other problems♦ General examination of the knee is still required with the patient, walking, standing, sitting, and lying supine♦ Specific examination is targeted to 4 areas: The patello-femoral joint and extensor mechanism; Meniscal pathology; Ligament stability; and Arthritis. The pattern of signs elicited should lead to definitive diagnosis.
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30

Thomas, Schultz, and Kovacs Robert. Part VIII Arbitrators’ Decision-Making Power and Arbitral Tribunals’ Cessation of Functions, 23 The Law is what the Arbitrator had for Breakfast: How Income, Reputation, Justice, and Reprimand Act as Determinants of Arbitrator Behaviour. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198783206.003.0024.

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This chapter examines the factors that influence and motivate the behaviour of arbitrators, specifically income, reputation, fame, prestige, doing justice, and the objective of avoiding the reprimand elicited by an annulment of the award or its unenforceability. It suggests that a better understanding of these factors contributes to a better understanding of arbitration, the law that applies and should apply to it, and the law created by it. The analysis follows a simple path, mirroring the main steps taken by classical law and economics studies on judicial behaviour. It takes the main types of incentives and constraints identified in these studies and applies them to the behaviour of arbitrators.
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31

Konstan, David. Hate and the State in Ancient Greece. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465544.003.0003.

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In classical antiquity, thinkers like Aristotle regarded hatred, unlike envy, as a moral emotion, elicited by the perception of vice. Nevertheless, hatred might be taken to irrational extremes (there are occasional expressions of hatred of all women, for example), and antagonisms between ethnic groups (as in Sparta or Alexandria) or social classes (in many Greek city states) could lead to open conflict or civil war. Classical states had few resources to inhibit or control such hatreds. One significant development in this direction, however, was the amnesty decreed in Athens to heal the wounds of the civil strife that broke out after Athens’ defeat in the Peloponnesian War.
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32

Gertsman, Elina. Matter Matters. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802648.003.0003.

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This chapter explores a late medieval Tuscan reliquary which contains Mary Magdalene’s tooth within the context of the network of feelings and senses bound with the relic’s materiality. In exploring the possible access points of this network and in attending to specific visual aspects of the object—its translucent crystal that simultaneously reveals and obfuscates the enclosed tooth, its fragile microarchitecture that allows one to glimpse the figures hidden within, the affective imagery on its verre églomisé medallion that indicates the use of the reliquary by a Franciscan community—the chapter posits the reliquary as the locus of emotional and sensory responses, both pictured and elicited, suggested and guided.
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33

Ammen, Sharon. Stardom. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040658.003.0003.

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Chapter two considers Irwin’s career during her years of greatest popularity. Her appearance in vitascope’s “The Kiss” from The Widow Jones enhanced her fame. The author analyzes Irwin’s string of successes in comic farce and her use of scenes of intoxication during a time of temperance crusades. Irwin’s style as a major female comic elicited positive middle class audience response as she used her performance skills to help make the audience identify with her even as she profited from the nineteenth century growth of the “cult of personality.” Like other fat comics, she used her size as a source of humor–but maintained an image of personal attractiveness.
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34

Stewart-Kroeker, Sarah. Beauty, Morality, and the Promise of Happiness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804994.003.0005.

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This chapter takes up the themes of Chapter 3—loving beauty’s formative power—in a dialogue with contemporary philosophers Alexander Nehamas and Elaine Scarry, as well as with (to a lesser extent) Iris Murdoch. It explores the nature of love, beauty, and morality through a dialogue across historical–contemporary, theological–philosophical lines. A number of prominent modern criticisms of Augustine focus on a fundamental feature of his thought: that everything in human life is ordered towards the promise of heavenly happiness. This chapter shows some of the resources Augustine offers contemporary discussions of aesthetics by arguing that the way he links beauty and morality accounts for the ethical demands of love elicited by attraction to beauty.
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35

Platte, Nathan. “Our Valedictory to Wild Extravagance”. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199371112.003.0013.

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Melancholy and troubled, Portrait of Jennie has elicited widely divergent responses. Its music—based on themes of Debussy as adapted by Dimitri Tiomkin and Jester Hairston—has been hailed as alternately innovative and regressive. Perhaps because the film was so different from previous productions and its fantasy-based story so vulnerable to disdain, Selznick turned to the score with unprecedented vigor, hoping to improve a production plagued by difficulties. Portrait became Selznick’s most ambitious scoring project, and its complexities resonate in an astonishing paper trail. Assembling Dimitri Tiomkin’s musical score through this archival trove shows how Selznick sought to come full circle in Portrait, returning to musico-cinematic principles drawn from the silent era.
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36

Stevenson, Alice. Predynastic Egyptian Figurines. Edited by Timothy Insoll. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675616.013.004.

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Anthropomorphic figurines attributed to fourth millennium bc predynastic Egypt are exceptionally rare. This chapter focuses its attention on the even smaller subset of those representations that can be contextualized archaeologically. This more selective treatment is intended to shift the core of the discussion of these artefacts from the usual focus upon visual representation towards consideration of embodiment and the spaces in which these things were made, encountered, and experienced. In particular, it is argued that figurines were affective devices that elicited emotional attention within ritual practice. Attention is also paid to the broader social and material contexts of predynastic development in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of both the presence and the absence of these figurines.
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37

Barak, Azy. Phantom emotions. Edited by Adam N. Joinson, Katelyn Y. A. McKenna, Tom Postmes, and Ulf-Dietrich Reips. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199561803.013.0020.

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This article focuses on the notion of ‘phantom emotions’. Two psychological phenomena – the natural tendency, based on personal needs and wishes, to fantasize and close gaps in subjectively important information in ambiguous situations on the one hand; and the common use of a made-up persona to represent one's identity in virtual environments, on the other – unavoidably creates phantom emotions. An individual online genuinely experiences an emotion – be it attraction or repulsion, lust, love, hate, or jealousy – although these emotional sensations are based, in principle, on false objective foundations. Moreover, not only is the external information inaccurate (or entirely false), but the personal emotions are elicited (or triggered) by illusionary objects momentary believed to be authentic and real.
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38

Bolens, Guillemette. Relevance Theory and Kinesic Analysis in Don Quixote and Madame Bovary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794776.003.0004.

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Relevance in acts of communication is a focus in both Cervantes’s Don Quixote and Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, and it operates on two levels. One level corresponds to interactions between characters in the plot, the other to readers’ reception of the overarching utterance constituting the literary work. The chapter addresses both levels while linking relevance theory to kinesic analysis, in order to account for some of the cognitive processes activated in literary reception when we understand complex kinesic information (movements, postures, gaits, gestural interactions). While relevance theory helps account for communicational inference procedures within the plot as well as in the work’s literary reception, kinesic analysis addresses the specific type of inference elicited in readers by linguistic utterances referring to gestural and sensorimotor elements in narrative.
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39

Galynker, Igor. Emotional Response. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190260859.003.0008.

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Clinicians’ emotional responses to suicidal patients are important factors in the assessment of imminent suicide risk and in treatment outcome. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the role that emotional responses to suicidal patients play in clinical work and provides a framework for factoring them into the imminent risk assessment. The chapter discusses emotion differentiation and mindfulness, followed by a description of common psychological responses to suicidal individuals—“countertransference love” and “countertransference hate.” Common psychological defenses, including reaction formation, repression, turning against self, projection, denial, and rationalization, are described. This chapter also provides a framework for a self-assessment of one’s emotional response to a suicidal patient. The chapter concludes with case examples describing emotional responses and psychological defenses elicited when working with imminently suicidal individuals.
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40

Cramer, Jennifer. Perceptual Dialectology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.60.

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This chapter introduces the topic of Perceptual Dialectology (PD), an area of sociolinguistics concerned with how nonlinguists understand dialectal variation. The chapter provides a brief history of the field and explores the ways in which the perceptions and language attitudes of nonlinguists have typically been elicited in research conducted within the modern tradition of PD with a particular focus on mental maps. Additionally, this chapter identifies ways in which these methods have been improved upon, specifically through the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools. As an illustration of both the typical tools used in PD research and these recent advances in data analysis, a research project on the perceptions of dialectal variation within and across the state of Kentucky is presented.
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41

Jamieson, Kathleen Hall. Cyberwar. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190058838.001.0001.

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Cyberwar examines the ways in which Russian interventions not only affected the behaviors of key players but altered the 2016 presidential campaign’s media and social media landscape. After laying out a theory of influence that explains how Russian activities could have produced effects, Jamieson documents the hackers and trolls’ influence on the topics in the news, the questions in the presidential debates, and the social media stream. Drawing on her analysis of messages crafted and amplified by Russian operatives, changes that Russian-hacked content elicited in news and the debates, the scholarly work of other researchers, and Annenberg surveys, she concludes that it is plausible to believe that Russian machinations helped elect Donald J. Trump the 45<sup>th</sup> president of the United States.
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42

Hurwitz, Barry. Apnea and Bradycardia Elicited by Facial Airstream Stimulation in Healthy Infants in the First Year of Life: Implications for Detection of Infants at Risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Dissertation Discovery Company, 2019.

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43

Hurwitz, Barry. Apnea and Bradycardia Elicited by Facial Airstream Stimulation in Healthy Infants in the First Year of Life: Implications for Detection of Infants at Risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2019.

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44

Jamieson, Patrick E., and Dan Romer. Cultivation Theory and the Construction of Political Reality. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.83.

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Cultivation theory hypothesizes that over time, heavy television viewers will see the world through TV’s lens. A review of nearly 1,000 media effects articles from sixteen major journals (1993–2005) identified cultivation theory as the most frequently cited communication theory. Despite the controversies it has elicited, a meta-analysis found small but consistent effects in line with the theory. This chapter identifies six broad political effects cultivation theorists attribute to heavy viewing of television or specific genres of television content: increased fear of crime and identification of crime as a significant problem, activation of racialized perceptions, support for punitive policies and embrace of protective behaviors, identification as a political moderate, reduction in social trust and capital in adolescents, and activation of cynicism and depressed learning in political campaigns.
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45

Furtak, Rick Anthony. The Intelligence of Emotions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492045.003.0001.

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In recent decades, there has been a remarkable amount of controversy within the disciplines of philosophy and psychology (among others) about how we ought to understand the cognitive and the bodily aspects of human emotions. Although numerous philosophers and psychologists have accepted a conception of emotions as cognitive phenomena, which are elicited and differentiated according to what information they take in about the person-environment relationship, others have identified emotions as bodily feelings. Yet we should not assume that the distinctly somatic element in our experience of such emotions as fear, awe, and grief is unrelated to the potentially truth-revealing function of affective experience. Nor does affective cognition need to prove its epistemic worth by being measured against the standard of some other mode of rationality—such as dispassionate judgment.
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46

Plantinga, Carl. Transfer and Cultivation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867133.003.0004.

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This chapter argues that in many cases the judgments, beliefs, and feelings generated toward fictional entities are also directed toward the actual world or are transferred from the fictional to the actual. In other words, perspectives and emotions elicited by screen stories bear on the actual world. I call this process “transfer.” Screen stories do not merely transfer beliefs and responses from the fictional to the actual; they also have the capacity to cultivate skills and sensitivities or, conversely, to lead to failures of thought and response in viewers. Screen stories can inculcate general perspectives on the world, on people, on the self-other distinction, on thinking about in-groups and out-groups, and on responses to narrative paradigm scenarios such as revenge, reconciliation, and approaches to common human problems.
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47

Wainger, Brian J. Drug Discovery and Neuropathic Pain. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0117.

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Pain is one of the most common causes of physician visits and disability. Pain has been classified into specific subtypes. We refer to baseline or nociceptive pain as pain that results from an ongoing, high-threshold stimulus acting on an unenhanced somatosensory system. Inflammatory pain refers to pain in the setting of tissue damage and specifically the release of inflammatory molecules that activate and sensitize the nociceptive machinery. Hyperalgesia, or increased pain in response to a noxious stimulus, results from nociceptor sensitization whereas neuropathic pain results from a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. Pain can have spontaneous, stimulus-independent components as well as evoked components such as hyperalgesia or allodynia, pain that is elicited by a normally innocuous stimulus. This chapter describes the research strategy for discovering new drugs to relieve these different kinds of pain.
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48

Scherer, Klaus, Marcello Mortillaro, and Marc Mehu. Facial Expression Is Driven by Appraisal and Generates Appraisal Inference. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0019.

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Emotion researchers generally concur that most emotions in humans and animals are elicited by the appraisals of events that are highly relevant for the organism, generating action tendencies that are often accompanied by changes in expression, autonomic physiology, and feeling. Scherer’s component process model of emotion (CPM) postulates that individual appraisal checks drive the dynamics and configuration of the facial expression of emotion and that emotion recognition is based on appraisal inference with consequent emotion attribution. This chapter outlines the model and reviews the accrued empirical evidence that supports these claims, covering studies that experimentally induced specific appraisals or that used induction of emotions with typical appraisal configurations (measuring facial expression via electromyographic recording) or behavioral coding of facial action units. In addition, recent studies analyzing the mechanisms of emotion recognition are shown to support the theoretical assumptions.
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49

Fassoulaki, Argyro. Local anaesthetic creams. Edited by Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu, and Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0013.

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Using topical anaesthesia before puncturing veins and arteries or inserting needles in the epidural space is a prerequisite for ameliorating pain elicited by the insertion of needles or catheters. In the eighties, Hanks and White published an article in which they described a number of local anaesthetic creams which were beginning to be used to prevent pain due to needle punctures; in particular, they described an anaesthetic cream called EMLA, which contained a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine. The use of this cream was particularly welcome in children. Although, eventually, newer formulations based on new technology were prepared, EMLA remains the gold standard to which the new formulations are compared. EMLA has also been used for relief of neuropathic pain. The article by Hanks and White stands the test of time in describing the EMLA formulation early in its appearance.
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50

Ward, Jamie. Music and shape in synaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199351411.003.0021.

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People with synaesthesia have extra percept-like experiences that are automatically elicited by certain stimuli: for instance, some synaesthetes experience music visually as well as via hearing. Although this has historically been labelled as ‘coloured hearing’, there is far more to the experience than colour: the visions also tend to have shape, movement, texture and location. The chapter starts with a general overview of synaesthesia and then goes on to consider auditory–visual synaesthesia in particular, concentrating on what little is known about shape. Whereas most psychological research has focused on the shapes of individual notes (e.g. high-pitch notes being spiky), synaesthetes report that shape is important at multiple levels in music: from single notes, through to whole compositions and performances. The final part of the chapter contains first-person accounts of synaesthetes describing the shape of music.
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