Academic literature on the topic 'ELISA tests'
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Journal articles on the topic "ELISA tests"
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Veling, J., F. G. van Zijderveld, A. M. van Zijderveld-van Bemmel, H. W. Barkema, and Y. H. Schukken. "Evaluation of Three Newly Developed Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and Two Agglutination Tests for Detecting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Dublin Infections in Dairy Cattle." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 12 (2000): 4402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.12.4402-4407.2000.
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In this study test characteristics of three newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin were evaluated and compared with two agglutination tests. The ELISAs involved were an indirect ELISA with serovar Dublin lipopolysaccharide (LPS ELISA), an indirect ELISA with serovar Dublin flagellar antigen (GP ELISA), and a double-antibody sandwich blocking ELISA that uses monoclonal antibodies against S. enterica subsp.enterica serovar Enteritidis flagellin (GM-DAS ELISA). The agglutination tests involved were two routine serum agglutination tests with either somatic (O) or flagellar (H) antigen. Diagnostic specificity of the three ELISAs was determined using 840 serum samples from seven dairy herds without any history of serovar Dublin infection. Cutoff values at a titer of 100, 100, and 10, respectively, for the LPS ELISA, GP ELISA, and GM-DAS blocking ELISA resulted in a specificity of 99.3, 100, and 100%, respectively. Using these cutoff values the LPS ELISA, GP ELISA, and GM-DAS ELISA were able to detect, respectively, 30, 46, and 38% of 50 fecal culture-positive animals from 13 herds with a recent serovar Dublin infection. With the same cutoff values, active carriers (n = 18) were detected for 94.4% with the LPS ELISA and for 100% with the GP and GM-DAS ELISAs. Kappa values determined on the results of all tests from 8 of the 13 serovar Dublin-infected herds and the 7 control herds demonstrated a good correlation between the results of all ELISAs and the H-agglutination test. The results of the O-agglutination test failed to correlate with those of the other tests. Using a set of sera from 170 aborting cows (with 25 abortions due to serovar Dublin), test results of the ELISAs and the H-agglutination test were comparable. The H-agglutination test may be used successfully for single sample testing, especially to diagnose abortion due to serovar Dublin. It is concluded that the ELISAs are useful diagnostic tools in serovar Dublin control programs and that they are preferred to agglutination tests for reasons of automation and costs.
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Şener, Burçin. "ANCA Tests (IFA and ELISA)." Acta Medica 52 (April 30, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32552/2021.actamedica.597.
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Halperin, Gideon. "Accuracy validation in ELISA tests." Biologicals 31, no. 3 (September 2003): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1045-1056(03)00039-3.
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Arnout, J., E. Huybrechts, M. Vanrusselt, C. Falcon, and J. Vermylen. "Detection of Lupus-Like Anticoagulants by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using a Partial Thromboplastin as Antigen; A Comparative Study." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 64, no. 01 (1990): 026–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1647148.
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SummaryClotting assays allow qualitative rather than quantitative detection of the lupus anticoagulant. We have therefore studied the usefulness of an ELISA using a commercial partial thromboplastin, Thrombofax, oS antigen; the results obtained on 146 selected patient plasmas were compared to the results of coagulation tests (kaolin clotting time, tissue thromboplastin inhibition test, activated partial thromboplastin time) and of ELISAs using cardiolipin or phosphatidylserine as antigen. While satisfactory agreement was found within the group of coagulation tests or that of ELISAs, only a moderate agreement was obtained between clotting tests and ELISAs, the best being with the partial thromboplastin ELISA using low plasma dilutions. The study further indicates that ELISA techniques cannot entirely replace coagulation tests for the detection of a lupus anticoagulant, even when a partial thromboplastin is used as antigen. On the other hand, coagulation tests are less sensitive than ELISAs for the detection of antiphospholipid antibodies.
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MIKHAILOVA, V. V., T. P. LOBOVA, A. N. SKVORTSOVA, and M. S. SHISHKINA. "PRRS: COMPARATIVE TESTS OF ELISA TESTS FOR OBJECTIVE DISGNOSTICS." PIG-BREEDING, no. 5 (2020): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37925/0039-713x-2020-5-26-28.
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Collins, Michael T., Scott J. Wells, Kristine R. Petrini, James E. Collins, Ronald D. Schultz, and Robert H. Whitlock. "Evaluation of Five Antibody Detection Tests for Diagnosis of Bovine Paratuberculosis." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 12, no. 6 (June 2005): 685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.12.6.685-692.2005.
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ABSTRACT Five diagnostic tests based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology for bovine paratuberculosis were evaluated by using individual serum or milk samples from 359 dairy cattle in seven paratuberculosis-free herds and 2,094 dairy cattle in seven Mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected dairy herds. Three independent laboratories using three different culture procedures completed fecal cultures for M. paratuberculosis on these cattle and found 417 cows to be shedding M. paratuberculosis in their feces. An animal that was fecal culture positive for M. paratuberculosis by any of the three laboratories was considered a confirmed case of infection. The specificity of three ELISAs (two on serum and one on milk) was ≥99.8%. The specificity of the remaining two ELISAs, both done on serum, was 94.9 and 84.7%. Four of the five ELISAs evaluated produced similar sensitivity in detecting fecal culture-positive cattle (27.8 to 28.9%). Serum ELISA “D” had the lowest specificity (84.7%) and the highest sensitivity (44.5%), but if the cutoff value defining a positive test was changed from 125 to 250% (of the positive control) the sensitivity and specificity, 31.8 and 97.5%, respectively, were comparable to those of the other four assays. If the case definition for M. paratuberculosis infection was based on the culture results of a single laboratory instead of the combined results of three laboratories, ELISA sensitivity estimates were 45.7 to 50.0%. With the exception of ELISA D, assay agreement was high (kappa 0.66 to 0.85) for categorical assay interpretations (positive or negative), but linear regression of quantitative results showed low correlation coefficients (r 2 = 0.40 to 0.68) due to the fact that ELISA results for some cows were high in one assay but low in another assay. Likelihood ratio analysis showed a direct relationship between the magnitude of ELISA result and the odds of a cow shedding M. paratuberculosis in its feces. If used judiciously and interpreted quantitatively, these ELISAs are useful tools in support of paratuberculosis control programs in dairy herds.
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Fawcett, PaulT, KathleenM Gibney, and RobertA Doughty. "GLOVE POWDER AND HIV ELISA TESTS." Lancet 333, no. 8646 (May 1989): 1082–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92484-7.
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DAVISON, H. C., M. V. THRUSFIELD, A. HUSEIN, S. MUHARSINI, S. PARTOUTOMO, P. RAE, and A. G. LUCKINS. "The occurrence of Trypanosoma evansi in buffaloes in Indonesia, estimated using various diagnostic tests." Epidemiology and Infection 124, no. 1 (February 2000): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899003271.
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The prevalence and incidence of Trypanosoma evansi infections in village buffaloes in Central Java were estimated using parasitological tests, two antigen-detection ELISAs (2G6 Ag-ELISA and Tr7 Ag-ELISA), an antibody-detection ELISA (IgG ELISA) and a card agglutination test (CATT). Of 2387 village buffaloes tested in five districts, 4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3%, 5%) were positive with the microhaematocrit test (MHCT), 58% (95% CI: 56%, 60%) were positive with the 2G6 Ag-ELISA and 70% (95% CI: 68%, 72%) were positive with the Tr7 Ag-ELISA. An increasing prevalence with age was found and the proportion of positive buffaloes was highest in the over 84 months-old age-group (68%) with the 2G6 Ag-ELISA and in the 37–60 months-old age-group (78%) with the Tr7 Ag-ELISA. Parasitaemic buffaloes were found in more than half of the villages visited. Corrected village-specific prevalence values obtained with the two Ag-ELISAs ranged from 0% to over 100%, and prevalence differed significantly (P[les ]0·0001) between villages in four of the five districts. Overall, 10% of buffaloes tested in markets were found to be parasitaemic and 39, 56 and 47% were found positive with the 2G6 Ag-ELISA, IgG ELISA and CATT, respectively. Incidence rates varied according to the test used and ranged from 0·22 (95% CI: 0·09, 0·44) to 0·44 (95% CI: 0·24, 0·76), per animal-year at risk, in two villages. The results highlight the importance of using validated diagnostic tests to obtain accurate estimates of prevalence and incidence. These parameters are needed, for example in mathematical models, for the development and evaluation of different control strategies for T. evansi infections in buffaloes.
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Veling, J., F. G. van Zijderveld, A. M. van Zijderveld-van Bemmel, Y. H. Schukken, and H. W. Barkema. "Evaluation of Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Detecting Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica Serovar Dublin Antibodies in Bulk Milk." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 8, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 1049–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.8.6.1049-1055.2001.
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ABSTRACT Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detectingSalmonella enterica subsp. entericaserovar Dublin antibodies in bulk milk were developed and evaluated for potential use in control programs. The ELISAs were based on either lipopolysacharide (LPS ELISA) or flagellar antigen (GP ELISA). Sensitivity was determined with 79 case herds with a wide range of clinical signs. Specificity was determined with 125 Dutch and 200 Swedish control herds. The relation between antibodies in bulk milk, antibodies in serum, and the level of milk production of individual cows was studied with 61 case herds. The optimal optical density (OD) values of the LPS ELISA and the GP ELISA were determined to be 0.2 and 0.5, respectively. The sensitivities of the LPS ELISA and the GP ELISA were 54 and 63%, respectively, with a specificity of 98% for both ELISAs with samples from the Dutch control herds. The specificities for samples from the Swedish herds were 100% for the LPS ELISA and 95% for the GP ELISA. The sensitivity of the combination of tests was 65% when samples were run in parallel, and the specificity was 100% when samples were run in series, irrespective of whether the samples came from Dutch or Swedish control herds. The variance (R 2) in the OD value for bulk milk samples could be explained by the percentage of seropositive lactating cows in a herd with the LPS ELISA for 51% of the samples and with the GP ELISA for 72%. The variance in the OD value was best explained by the combination of the percentage of seropositive lactating cows in the herd and the mean log10 serum antibody titer for that herd (R 2 = 62% for the LPS ELISA andR 2 = 75% for the GP ELISA). Case herds more often tested negative by the ELISA with bulk milk when the percentage of seropositive lactating cows was less than 5%. It is concluded that both ELISAs with bulk milk can be used in control programs to distinguish between infected and noninfected herds. Specificity can be increased by using the two tests in combination. Sensitivity was relatively low for both single tests and both tests combined.
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Morenkov, O. S., Nadja Fodor, and I. Fodor. "Indirect Elisas Based on Recombinant and Affinity-Purified Glycoprotein E of Aujeszky's Disease Virus to Differentiate Between Vaccinated and Infected Animals." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 47, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.47.1999.1.15.
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Two indirect ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against glycoprotein E (gE) of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in sera have been developed. The rec-gE-ELISA is based on theE. coli-expressed recombinant protein containing the N-terminal sequences of gE (aa 1-125) fused with the glutathione S-transferase fromSchistosoma japonicum. The affi-gE-ELISA is based on native gE, which was purified from virions by affinity chromatography. The tests were optimised and compared with each other, as well as with the recently developed blocking gE-ELISA (Morenkov et al., 1997b), with respect to specificity and sensitivity. The rec-gE-ELISA was less sensitive in detecting ADV-infected animals than the affi-gE-ELISA (sensitivity 80% and 97%, respectively), which is probably due to the lack of conformation-dependent immunodominant epitopes on the recombinant protein expressed inE. coli. The specificity of the rec-gE-ELISA and affi-gE-ELISA was rather moderate (90% and 94%, respectively) because it was necessary to set such cut-off values in the tests that provided a maximum level of sensitivity, which obviously increased the incidence of false positive reactions. Though the indirect ELISAs detect antibodies against many epitopes of gE, the blocking gE-ELISA, which detects antibodies against only one immunodominant epitope of gE, showed a better test performance (specificity 99% and sensitivity 98%). This is most probably due to rather high dilutions of the sera used in the indirect gE-ELISAs (1:30) as compared to the serum dilution in the blocking gE-ELISA (1:2). We conclude that the indirect gE-ELISAs are sufficiently specific and sensitive to distinguish ADV-infected swine from those vaccinated with gE-negative vaccine and can be useful, in particularly affi-gE-ELISA, as additional tests for the detection of antibodies to gE.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ELISA tests"
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Casimiro, Angélica Maria. "Padronização e avaliação de método sorológico ELISA para detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Cryptosporidium sp." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-06032015-145009/.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo padronizar a técnica de ELISA para detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Cryptosporidium sp para aplicação em estudos epidemiológicos da criptosporidiose em imunocompetentes. Para obtenção de antígeno, bezerros foram oralmente infectados. Os oocistos foram recuperados das fezes doanimal, com a utilização do gradiente de sacarose modificado, técnica de concentração onde se obteve o melhor rendimento. Para preparação do antígeno, os oocistos foram rompidos através de ciclos de congelamento/descongelamento e ultra-som. Soros controle positivo foram escolhidos entre o grupo de funcionários do laboratório de Parasitologia, pois apresentavam anticorpos anti-Cryptosporidium e devido as suas atividades no laboratório era um grupo mais exposto; soros controle negativo foram escolhidos entre aqueles com leituras de densidade óptica menores que 0,300 no ELISA para detecção de anticorpos anti-Cryptosporidium. Diferentes grupos de soros de indivíduos clinicamente normais (funcionários da parasitologia, doadores de sangue, pacientes que fizeram o Pré-Natal) ou outras infecções parasitárias (cisticercose, toxoplasmose, esquistossomose, Doença de Chagas, leishmaniose), foram avaliados para presença de anticorpos anti-Cryptosporidium. A alta freqüência foi observada para o grupo de pacientes com Doença de Chagas (66,6%) e baixa freqüência para o grupo de pacientes com esquistossomose e toxoplasmose (20,0%). A especificidade do teste ELISA para Cryptosporidium foi demonstrada com significante redução nas leituras de 0.0. observada em alguns soros após absorção dos anticorpos anti-Cryptosporidium. Além disso, no grupo de pacientes Pré-Natal 14,6%, quando comparada a alta freqüência de anticorpos anti-Cryptosporidium 52,0%, indica provável ausência de reações cruzadas entre os dois antígenos. Enfim, os resultados obtidos sugerem que a técnica de ELISA pode ser uma importante metodologia para aplicação em estudos soroepidemiológicos da criptosporidiose.The aim of the present study was to standardize an immunoenzymatic assay, ELISA, for detection of IgG antibodies to Cryptosporidium sp for use in epidemiologic studies on cryptosporidiosis. For antigen preparation, oocysts were obtained from fecal samples of orally infected calves. A modified sucrose gradient, concentration technique was used for recovered and purification of oocysts, which were ruptured by using freezethaw cycles and ultra-sonication. Positive control sera were chosen among the Parasitology workers, who presented anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies and had been exposed to this parasite, because of their activities in the laboratory; and negative control sera were chosen among the ones with optical density (O.D.) readings lower than 0,300 at ELISA for anti- Cryptosporidium antibodies. Oifferent groups of sera from clinically normal individuais (parasitology workers, blood donors, pregnant patients) or with other parasite infection (cysticercisis, toxoplasmosis, schistosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis) were evaluated for the presence of Cryptosporidium antibodies. The higher frequency was observed for the group of patients with Chagas disease (66.6%) and the lower frequency for the group patients with schistosomiasis and toxoplasmosis (20.0%). The specificity of the Cryptosporidium-ELISA test was demonstrated when significant reduction of the 0.0. readings was observed for some serum samples after absorption of the anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies. Also, in the group of pregnant patients, the high frequency of 52.0% for anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies when compared to the low frequency of 14.6% for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies might suggest possible absence of cross reactions between these two closely related parasite antigens. The ELISA for detection of anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies, as standardized in the present work, can constitute a good toel for epidemiological studies of cryptosporidiosis.
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Costa, Thiago André Carreo [UNESP]. "Utilização da técnica de Elisa com proteína A e anti-IgG para o diagnóstico sorológico da Leishmaniose visceral felina." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92206.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar, em uma área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral, a soroprevalência anticorpos anti-Leishmania spp. em felinos, por meio duas técnicas de ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), ELISA-prot.A e ELISA-IgG, utilizando-se 200 gatos. Para avaliar a performance dos testes sorológicos utilizados no diagnóstico da leishmaniose felina, foram calculadas as especificidades e sensibilidades de cada teste, bem como o índice kappa (k) para cada um deles, com o intuito de avaliar a concordância dos métodos com o teste parasitológico direto (padrão ouro). Foram observadas formas amastigotas do patasito em 4% (8/200) gatos. Pelo ELISA-Prot.A, 4,5% (9/200) dos gatos apresentaram títulos acima do ponto de corte para a espécie e, pelo ELISA-IgG, 11,5% (23/200) dos animais foram considerados soropositivos. O ELISA-Prot.A apresentou sensibilidade de 12,5%, especificidade de 64,5% e concordância fraca com o teste parasitológico direto. O ELISA-IgG apresentou sensibilidade de 25% e especificidade de 19,2%, com índice kappa também indicando fraca concordância.
The present work aimed to study, in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis, the seroprevalence of Leishmania sp. infection in cats using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques, ELISA-protein A and ELISAimmunoglobulin G. For this purpose, a total of 200 cats were employed. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of feline leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA-prot. A and ELISA-IgG, as well as the kappa index (k) for each one, to measure its concordance with the parasitilogical test (gold standard). Amastigote forms of the parasite were observed in eight (4.0%) cats. By ELISA-proteín A nine (4,5%) cats presented titer above the specie’s cut off point and by ELISA-IgG 23 (11,5%) were considered seropositive. The ELISA-proteín A was 12,5% sensitive and 65,4% specific, and showed a weak concordance with the parasitological test. The ELISA-IgG showed a sensitivity of 25% and specificity of 19,2% and when kappa index was analysed, a weak concordance was observed too.
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Gonzales, William Henry Roldan. "Deglicosilação de antígenos de excreção-secreção de Toxocara canis e a sua aplicação no sorodiagnóstico da toxocaríase humana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-02122014-085309/.
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O sorodiagnóstico da toxocaríase humana é geralmente baseado na detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Toxocara spp. em amostras de soro pelo teste ELISA utilizando os antígenos de excreção-secreção de larvas de T. canis (TES). No entanto, observa-se uma ocorrência de reatividade cruzada com outras helmintíases nas áreas endémicas de poliparasitismo. Vários estudos têm mostrado que as glicanas presentes nos antígenos dos helmintos podem ser as responsáveis pela reatividade cruzada. Neste estudo, avaliamos o efeito da deglicosilação dos antígenos TES na sensibilidade e especificidade dos testes de ELISA e Western-blotting para detecção de anticorpos IgG, IgM e IgE. Para a deglicosilação dos antígenos TES, estes foram tratados com diferentes concentrações de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) ou metaperiodato de sódio (NaIO4) e foram testados 58 amostras de soro de pacientes com toxocaríase visceral, 75 amostras de soros de pacientes com outras helmintíases, e 95 amostras de soro de indivíduos saudáveis. Nossos resultados mostraram que os antígenos TES foram totalmente deglicosilados com NaOH 100mM por 4 horas a 37°C (dTES), enquanto que o tratamento com NaIO4 não gerou bons resultados. A sensibilidade e especificidade dos antígenos TES e dTES na detecção de anticorpos IgG pelo teste de ELISA foi de 100%, com menor reatividade cruzada (5,3%) para os antígenos dTES, se comparada com os antígenos TES (13,3%). Todos os pacientes com toxocaríase mostraram anticorpos IgG contra as cinco frações dos antígenos TES (32, 45, 55, 70 e 120 kDa) e contra a única fração de 26kDa dos antígenos dTES, com sensibilidades e especificidades de 100% para ambos os antígenos. A reatividade cruzada, observada com as frações de 70 kDa, 55 kDa e 32 kDa dos antígenos TES, foi eliminada totalmente quando utilizaram-se os antígenos dTES. A detecção de anticorpos IgM pelo teste de ELISA mostrou reatividade inespecífica nos três grupos estudados, com sensibilidades de 39,7% e 34,5% e especificidades de 95,8% e 96,8%, para os antígenos TES e dTES, respectivamente, porém com ocorrência de reatividade cruzada de 24% e 28% para ambos os antígenos. Os três grupos estudados apresentaram reatividade contra quase todas as frações dos antígenos TES e dTES. A detecção de anticorpos IgE apresentou sensibilidades de 63,79% e 62,07% e uma especificidade de 100%, e uma reatividade cruzada de 26,6% e 53,3% para ambos os antígenos. A maioria dos pacientes com toxocaríase (74,1%) mostraram anticorpos contra as frações de 32, 55 e 70 kDa, em quanto que não houve reatividade nos pacientes com outras helmintíases ou nos indivíduos saudáveis. Estes resultados mostraram que a deglicosilação dos antígenos TES permite reduzir a ocorrência de reatividade cruzada nos pacientes com outras helmintíases, elevando o valor diagnóstico da detecção de anticorpos IgG. No entanto, este procedimento não permite melhorar a sensibilidade e especificidade na detecção de anticorpos IgM e não permite elevar a sensibilidade na detecção de anticorpos IgE pelo teste de ELISA. Por outro lado, os resultados discordantes na especificidade do Western-blotting para a detecção de anticorpos IgG, IgM e IgE sugerem a presença de epítopos conformacionais presentes no estado nativo dos antígenos TES que estariam implicados na reação cruzada observada no teste de ELISASerodiagnosis of human toxocariasis is usually based on the detection of anti-Toxocara spp. IgG antibodies in serum samples by ELISA test using T.canis larvae excretory-secretory (TES) antigens. However, a cross-reactivity occurrence is observed in endemic areas of polyparasitism. Many studies have shown that the glycan structures, present in helminth antigens, can be the responsible for the cross-reactivity. In this study, we evaluated the deglycosylation of the TES antigens on the sensitivity and specificity of both the ELISA and Western-blotting for the detection of IgG, IgM, and IgE antibodies. For the deglycosylation of the TES antigens, they were treated with different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium metaperiodate (NaIO4), and 58 serum samples of 58 patients with visceral toxocariasis, 75 serum samples of patients with other helminth infections, and 95 serum samples of healthy individuals. Our results show that the TES antigens were totally deglycosylated with 100 mM NaOH for 4 hours at 37°C (dTES), whereas not good results were obtained with sodium metaperiodate. The sensitivity and specificity of both TES and dTES antigens were 100% in detecting IgG antibodies by ELISA; the cross-reactivity observed with TES antigens (13.3%) was reduced (5.3%) when dTES antigens were used. All toxocariasis patients showed IgG antibodies against the five fractions of TES antigens (32, 45, 55, 70, and 120 kDa), but also with the 26-kDa single fraction of dTES antigens, with sensitivities and specificities of 100% for both antigens. The occurrence of cross-reactivity, observed mainly with the 32-, 55-, and 70 kDa fractions of the TES antigens, was totally eliminated when the dTES antigens were used. The detection of IgM antibodies by ELISA test showed unspecific reactivity in all studied groups, with sensitivities of 39.7% and 34.5%, and specificities of 95.8% and 96.8% for both antigens; the occurrence of cross-reactivity for both antigens were 24% and 28%, respectively. All studied groups have IgM antibodies against almost all fractions of TES antigens and the single fraction of dTES. The detection of IgE antibodies by ELISA test showed sensitivities of 63.8% and 62%, specificities of 100%, and occurrence of reactivity of 26.6% and 53.3% for TES and dTES antigens, respectively. The majority of the toxocariasis patients (74.1%) showed IgE antibodies against the 32-, 55-, and 70 kDa fractions of the TES antigens, whereas there was not reactivity in sera from patients with other helminth infections or healthy individuals. These results showed that the deglycosylation of the TES antigens reduces the occurrence of cross-reactivity in patients with other helminth infections, increasing the diagnostic value for the detection of IgG antibodies. However, this procedure does not improve the sensitivity nor reduces the occurrence of cross-reactivity in the detection of IgM antibodies. Likewise, this procedure does not improve the sensitivity in the detection of IgE antibodies by the ELISA test. On the other hand, the high specificity obtained in the detection of IgG, IgM, and IgE by Western-blotting suggest that conformational epitopes of the TES antigens may also be the responsible for the cross-reactivity in the ELISA test
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Sato, Camila Massae. "Diagnóstico sorológico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana causada por espécies diferentes de Leishmania." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/99/99131/tde-22112017-105830/.
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A leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) é causada por várias espécies de protozoários do gênero Leishmania e compreende um grupo de doenças que apresentam características clínicas, histopatológicas e imunológicas distintas. O diagnóstico é realizado em base epidemiológica, clínica e patológica, confirmadas por exames parasitológicos positivos e demonstração de hipersensibilidade retardada a antígeno de leishmânia. Os testes sorológicos para o diagnóstico, utilizados até o momento, apresentam várias limitações e por isso é de grande importância identificar proteínas recombinantes de leishmânia, para que sejam testadas como potenciais antígenos para o desenvolvimento de técnicas para o diagnóstico da LTA. Neste estudo, foram utilizadas duas proteínas recombinantes de leishmânia altamente conservadas, Lb8E e Lb6H, derivadas de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb), avaliando a sua capacidade para detectar anticorpos no soro de vários grupos de pacientes por teste imunoenzimático (ELISA). Os antígenos recombinantes reagiram com amostras de 83,3% e 100,0% (Lb6H) dos pacientes com LTA e 95,4% (Lb8E) e 89,4% (Lb6H) dos soros de pacientes de leishmaniose visceral (LV). Em amostras de indivíduos saudáveis, as reações com Lb8E e Lb6H foram altamente específicas. Soros de 219 pacientes com LTA infectados com diferentes espécies de leishmânia prevalentes no Brasil (Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, L. (Viannia) braziliensis, L. (V.) guyanensis e L. (V.) shawi) e amostras de pacientes com outras infecções parasitárias foram avaliados para a presença de anticorpos anti-rLb6H, obtendo-se sensibilidade de 100,0% nas 219 amostras de LTA e especificidade geral de 93,9% (considerando 68 indivíduos saudáveis e 213 pacientes com outras doenças infecciosas). Além disso, as amostras de outras doenças infecciosas indicaram provável ausência de reação cruzada, pois apenas uma minoria de amostras de pacientes com doença de Chagas possuía anticorpos contra rLb6H e essas respostas foram baixas. Enfim, os resultados obtidos sugerem que a técnica de ELISA utilizando o antígeno rLb6H pode ser consideradoa para uso na rotina do diagnóstico sorológico da LTA.American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is caused by various species of protozoan of the genus Leishmania and comprises a group of diseases that present distinct clinical, histopathological and immunological characteristics. The diagnosis is performed based on epidemiological, clinical and pathological features, supported by positive parasitological tests and presence of delayed hypersensitivity to Leishmania antigens. The serological tests used to date have several limitations and therefore it is of great importance to identify recombinant proteins from Leishmania so that they can be tested as potential antigens for the development of techniques for the diagnosis of ATL. In this study, two highly conserved Leishmania recombinant proteins, Lb8E and Lb6H, derived from Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb), were used, evaluating their ability to detect antibodies in the serum of several groups of patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Recombinant antigens detected 83.3% (Lb8E) and 100.0% (Lb6H) ATL patients, and 95.4% (Lb8E) and 89.4% (Lb6H) visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. These reactions with Lb8E and Lb6H were highly specific in healthy subjects. Sera from ATL patients infected with different species of Leishmania, prevalent in Brazil, (Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, L. (Viannia) braziliensis, L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) shawi) and samples from patients with other parasitic infections were evaluated for the presence of anti-rLb6H antibodies. In 219 ATL, the sensitivity was 100.0% e the general specificity, considering 68 healthy subjects and 213 patients with other infectious diseases. In addition, samples from other infectious diseases indicated a probable lack of cross-reactivity, as only a minority of samples from patients with Chagas disease had antibodies against rLb6H and all of these responses were low. Finally, the results suggest that the ELISA using rLb6H antigen may be considered for routine use for serological diagnosis of ATL.
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Chubilleau, Catherine. "Optimisation de tests sérologiques de dépistage : exemple de la bilharziose : Intérêts et limites de la séro-épidémiologie des maladies infectieuses d'origine hydrique." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON13516.
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Les maladies infectieuses constituent la principale cause de mortalité et de morbidité dans le monde. Selon l'OMS, les maladies liées à l'eau tuent 3,4 millions d'individus chaque année. Les sérologies induites par une exposition à un microorganisme constituent un bio-marqueur d'exposition. A des fins de surveillance ou de dépistage, la réalisation d'une enquête séro-épidémiologique peut permettre de suivre l'évolution de l'incidence d'une maladie infectieuse. L'objectif de notre travail est de mettre au point et tester un outil simple, rapide, économique et de terrain de diagnostic sérologique d'infections d'origine hydrique pour en doter la séro-épidémiologie. Pour des raisons techniques, financières et médicales, le microorganisme pathogène retenu comme modèle est le schistosome. Les techniques sérologiques choisies sont l'ELISA et l'agglutination et reposent sur l'utilisation de billes de latex respectivement magnétiques et colorées. Le milieu biologique analysé peut être le sérum ou le sang total. Des sérums anti-schistosome de référence (humain et lapin) permettent la mise au point en laboratoire des conditions optimales de couplage d'antigènes de schistosome et de dosage des sérums humains. La qualité de ces dosages est ensuite évaluée sur des prélèvements humains sanguins issus de 51 adultes indemnes de bilharziose et vivant en France, et de 580 enfants et adolescents, malades ou indemnes, vivant en zone d'endémie au Sud-Est et au Nord du Togo. Pour l'ensemble de ces prélèvements, le résultat des dosages mis au point est comparé au résultat de la recherche des œufs dans les urines (" gold standard ") et au résultat de l'hémagglutination de Fumouze (test sérologique de référence). Les essais en laboratoire montrent que l'ELISA et l'agglutination sur billes de latex sont sensibles et spécifiques. Les essais en population de comparaison entre indiquent que ces dosages sont assez spécifiques mais peu sensibles mais ces dosages sont comparables à l'hémagglutination de Fumouze : ils sont aussi sensibles et spécifiques. Le dosage en sang total est moins performant que le dosage sur sérum. L'amélioration des deux techniques mises au point est encore nécessaire. Toutefois, l'application de ces techniques à l'analyse sérologique d'autres maladies infectieuses, liées à l'eau ou non, est envisageable. Ces techniques de " basse technologie " présentent un grand intérêt dans le cadre de campagnes de dépistage ou de surveillance de maladies infectieuses, lorsque les ressources financières et pratiques sont limitées
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Knappik, Michael. "Aufbau und Evaluation eines NANP19-Circumsporozoitenprotein-Antikörper ELISA Tests zum Nachweis von Plasmodium falciparum Infektionen bei nichtimmunen Reisenden." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-156970.
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Fernandes-Rouviere, Isabelle. "Caractérisation d'antigènes recombinants en vue du développement de tests ELISA discriminatoires de la fièvre Q chez les ruminants." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4008.
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Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis due to Coxiella burnetii. Ruminants are the main source of human contamination by excretion of the bacteria into the environment. In ruminants, Q fever can provoke abortions and stillbirths. To diagnose Q fever in ruminants, several serological tests, based on whole bacteria as antigens, are available. These tests are poorly standardized and discordant results may be observed. Moreover, they cannot distinguish neither the different phases of infection nor the infected animals from the vaccinated. Hence, an ELISA test, based on recombinant antigens, would be useful to improve diagnosis of Q fever in ruminants. This work have identified such specific markers of infection or vaccination. The HspB protein would be a marker for recent infection and reactivation of infection. Furthermore, the AdaA protein have been tested for its capability to identify a Q fever abortion in ruminants. The use of this protein in ELISA could indicate a Q fever abortion. However, a gene variability have been observed among the C. Burnetii strains studied: a duplication have been, for the first time, observed in some strains. Regarding the identification of vaccine protection markers, we have shown that the 27 kDa OMP could be an interesting marker. Lastly, regarding the bacterial excretion, we have also identified, by western blotting, potential markers linked to high excretion levels of C. Burnetii in vaginal secretion. The analysis of these proteins, by protein microarray, are currently being processed. The results obtained during this study have permitted to see ways in the development of ELISA tests using recombinant antigens to diagnose Q fever in ruminantsLa fièvre Q est une zoonose, due à Coxiella burnetii. Les ruminants domestiques constituent la principale source d’infection humaine via l’excrétion de la bactérie dans l’environnement. Chez les ruminants, la fièvre Q peut provoquer des avortements. Différents tests sérologiques basés sur la reconnaissance de l’antigène total de C. Burnetii sont disponibles pour diagnostiquer la fièvre Q. Ils peuvent donner des résultats discordants et ne permettent ni de distinguer les différents stades et formes de l’infection, ni de distinguer les animaux infectés de ceux vaccinés. Compte tenu de ces limites, la recherche d'antigènes spécifiques répondant aux problématiques du diagnostic de la fièvre Q chez les ruminants est un challenge important. Lors de cette étude, des marqueurs de l’infection et de la vaccination ont été identifiés. La protéine HspB serait à la fois un marqueur d’infection récente et de réactivation de l’infection. La protéine AdaA, a été testée pour sa capacité à identifier un avortement à fièvre Q. Son utilisation en ELISA permettrait d’indiquer un avortement à fièvre Q. Cependant, une variabilité génétique a été observée parmi les souches de C. Burnetii étudiées : une duplication d’une partie du gène, chez certaines souches, a pour la première fois été observée. Un marqueur de la protection vaccinale chez les caprins a également été identifié : la protéine 27kDa OMP. Concernant l’excrétion bactérienne, des marqueurs de celle-ci ont été mis en évidence. Ces antigènes sont en cours d’identification par via une puce de protéines de C. Burnetii. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d'entrevoir des pistes dans le développement de tests pour le diagnostic de la fièvre Q animale
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Frössling, Jenny. "Epidemiology of Neospora caninum infection in cattle : evaluation of diagnostic tests and herd studies /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ruminant Medicine and Veterinary Epidemiology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/v175.pdf.
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Brander, Patricia. "Entwicklung eines ELISA-Screening-Tests mit dem genus-spezifischen Anigen Wijnberg zur Diagnose der Leptospirose bei Rind und Schwein /." [S.l : s.n.], 1987. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Costa, Thiago André Carreo. "Utilização da técnica de Elisa com proteína A e anti-IgG para o diagnóstico sorológico da Leishmaniose visceral felina /." Araçatuba, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92206.
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Orientador: Mary MarcondesBanca: Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
Banca: Márcia Dalastra Laurenti
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar, em uma área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral, a soroprevalência anticorpos anti-Leishmania spp. em felinos, por meio duas técnicas de ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), ELISA-prot.A e ELISA-IgG, utilizando-se 200 gatos. Para avaliar a performance dos testes sorológicos utilizados no diagnóstico da leishmaniose felina, foram calculadas as especificidades e sensibilidades de cada teste, bem como o índice kappa (k) para cada um deles, com o intuito de avaliar a concordância dos métodos com o teste parasitológico direto (padrão ouro). Foram observadas formas amastigotas do patasito em 4% (8/200) gatos. Pelo ELISA-Prot.A, 4,5% (9/200) dos gatos apresentaram títulos acima do ponto de corte para a espécie e, pelo ELISA-IgG, 11,5% (23/200) dos animais foram considerados soropositivos. O ELISA-Prot.A apresentou sensibilidade de 12,5%, especificidade de 64,5% e concordância fraca com o teste parasitológico direto. O ELISA-IgG apresentou sensibilidade de 25% e especificidade de 19,2%, com índice kappa também indicando fraca concordância.
Abstract: The present work aimed to study, in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis, the seroprevalence of Leishmania sp. infection in cats using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques, ELISA-protein A and ELISAimmunoglobulin G. For this purpose, a total of 200 cats were employed. To evaluate the performance of the available sorological tests for the diagnosis of feline leishmaniasis it was determined and compared the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA-prot. A and ELISA-IgG, as well as the kappa index (k) for each one, to measure its concordance with the parasitilogical test (gold standard). Amastigote forms of the parasite were observed in eight (4.0%) cats. By ELISA-proteín A nine (4,5%) cats presented titer above the specie's cut off point and by ELISA-IgG 23 (11,5%) were considered seropositive. The ELISA-proteín A was 12,5% sensitive and 65,4% specific, and showed a weak concordance with the parasitological test. The ELISA-IgG showed a sensitivity of 25% and specificity of 19,2% and when kappa index was analysed, a weak concordance was observed too.
Mestre
Books on the topic "ELISA tests"
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Legziel, Elise. Architettura della notte: Elise Legziel ; [testi, Giuseppe Bonazzoli ... [et al.]]. Milano: Mielle, 1992.
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Soundjock-Soundjock. Etude littéraire de Bàb̳ò̳n b̳a wo̳k, ou, La mort des héros de Elisa Ngo Pagal. Yaoundé: Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche scientifique, Centre de recherche et d'études anthropologiques, 1987.
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San, Kwan Poh, and Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, eds. Yeesus opor eliwa: Opor enuma eena Mua Maneka yiamiya kaikak nain. Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, 1998.
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Peters, Silke, and Peter Engels. Ernst Elias Niebergall. Eine Spurensuche: Begleitheft zur Ausstellung im Rahmen des Datterich Festivals 2015. Darmstadt: Justus von Liebig Verlag, 2015.
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Die Apokalypse des Elias: Eine unbekannte Apokalypse und Bruchstücke der Sophonias-Apokalypse : koptische Texte, Übersetzung, Glossar. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs, 1989.
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Halabi, Zeina G. The Unmaking of the Arab Intellectual. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421393.001.0001.
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The Unmaking of the Arab Intellectual examines the figure of the intellectual as prophet, national icon, and exile in contemporary Arabic literature and film. Staging a comparative dialogue with writers and critics such as Elias Khoury, Edward Said, Jurji Zaidan, and Mahmoud Darwish, Halabi focuses on new articulations of loss, displacement, and memory in works by Rabee Jaber, Elia Suleiman, Rawi Hage, Rashid al-Daif, and Seba al-Herz. She argues that the ambivalence and disillusionment with the role of the intellectual in contemporary representations operate as a productive reclaiming of the 'political' in an allegedly apolitical context. The Unmaking of the Arab Intellectual invites us to engage in a practice of criticism that is inherently retrospective and evaluative, putting into question the very foundation of what constitutes the modern Arab intellectual legacy. It suggests a methodology to understand the evolving relations between intellectuals and power; authors and texts and generates a politics of reading that locates the political in the hitherto uncharted contemporary era.
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Bambini, en lettres. Elisa - Il mio Libro dei Bambini: Il libro dei bambini personalizzato per Elisa, come libro per genitori o diario, per testi, immagini, disegni, foto ... Independently published, 2019.
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Wilson, John W., and Lynn L. Estes. Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199797783.003.0134.
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• Obtain confirmatory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing by rapid test or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); optimally repeat HIV viral load (VL) and CD4 T-cell (CD4) count 2 times before initiation of therapy; a substantial change in CD4 count is generally >30%• Perform VL immediately before treatment initiation (or change in therapy) and again 2–8 weeks later; for the latter, the optimal decrease would be at least 1 log...
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The Standard Babylonian Creation Myth: Enuma Elis (State Archives of Assyria Cuneiform Texts). Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2005.
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V., Santhy, Nagamani Sandra, Kundapura V. Ravishankar, and Bhavya Chidambara. "Molecular Techniques for Testing Genetic Purity and Seed Health." In Seed Science and Technology, 365–89. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_15.
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AbstractWith the globalization of seed trade and transgenic variety development, the application of molecular technologies for seed quality gained more significance in both the internal and international markets. Besides germination, genetic purity and seed health are the two most important seed quality parameters that determine the planting value of a seed lot. Compared to the conventional methods of testing, molecular marker technologies are more efficient for quality analysis as these are more accurate, robust, abundant, and faster. Among the various markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs), due to their genome-wide presence, reproducibility, multi-allelic nature, and co-dominant inheritance, have emerged as the best markers, for establishing varietal distinctness, identity, and variety/hybrid seed purity testing. With the advent of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers also became widely popular, and the closest to being an ideal marker besides SSRs, in seed genetic purity testing. With large-scale GM crop cultivation, testing for the adventitious presence and trait purity are two added components of seed quality testing. The methods of GM seed quality testing include DNA-based (conventional and real-time PCR), protein-based (lateral flow test and ELISA), and bioassay-based technologies. DNA-based methods including PCR/real-time PCR assays have been successfully employed to detect the adventitious presence of transgenic seeds in seed trade especially at international level, as well as in the national gene banks for germplasm conservation. ISTA plays a prominent role in international harmonization and providing universal guidelines on use of different methods to detect GM seeds. The BMT group of UPOV and the Working Group on DNA Methods of the Variety Committee of ISTA, work in tandem to standardize suitable molecular techniques for establishing variety identity and purity testing, respectively. In the area of seed health testing also, molecular detection assays such as, PCR (nested PCR, multiplex PCR, real-time PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and DNA microarray with many advantages over the conventional assays have been proven highly useful. However, there is a need to validate the usefulness of molecular markers through stringent multi-laboratory tests for their reproducibility before recommending them in routine seed purity and health testing.
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Morley, Elaine. "Iris Murdoch and Elias Canetti: Towards a Reassessment." In Iris Murdoch: Texts and Contexts, 145–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137271365_10.
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Immer, U., K. Schmitt, K. Johnson, and A. Fellinger. "Easy Analysis of Allergen Residues in Food: A New Lateral Flow Test and an ELISA." In ACS Symposium Series, 476–81. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-1001.ch031.
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Castro, E. I., V. Thomaz-Soccol, and C. Augur. "Standardization of Elisa (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (Ifat) Techniques for Canine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis." In New Horizons in Biotechnology, 379–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0203-4_34.
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Borghini, Andrea, Vincenzo Scalia, and Daniela Tafani. "Surveilling the Surveillants: From Relational Surveillance to WikiLeaks." In Frontiers in Sociology and Social Research, 175–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11756-5_11.
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AbstractThis chapter deals with the analysis of Julian Assange as a public figure through the use of three perspective angles. In the first part, Assange’ history is briefly outlined, tracing it back to the systems of thought of authors such as Norbert Elias and Pierre Bourdieu, with the aim of highlighting how the Australian journalist’s biography helps to illuminate his (and our) historical time and, vice versa, how historical time helps to depict his biography and his courageous journalistic campaigns more precisely. The second part shows how the apparently subversive aspects of Assange’s activity in fact need to be analysed within the web of social control and the subsequent fight between rulers and outsiders. The criminalisation of Julian Assange is, by this token, a consequence of the reaction enacted by power against militant practice aimed at claiming an alternative use of the web. The third paragraph examines three basic principles of Enlightenment which are apparent in the WikiLeaks approach and explicitly recalled by Assange: the connection between the duty to improve knowledge and the right to communicate, publicity as a test to reveal injustice and the understanding of freedom of the press as an antitotalitarian device.
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Yamamoto, S., K. Tagata, Y. Isayama, and M. Fukuyama. "Experimental Detection of Plesiomonas shigelloides Antigen in Feces by ELISA and Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination Test as a Model for Campylobacter." In Campylobacters, Helicobacters, and Related Organisms, 93–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9558-5_17.
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Carmina, Gallardo, R. Nieto, and M. Arias. "African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) Indirect ELISA Test Based on the Use of the Soluble Cytoplasmic Semi- purified Antigen (ASFV CP-Ag)." In African Swine Fever Virus, 133–45. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2333-6_9.
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Baker, David A., Deborah Pavan-Langston, Bernard Gonik, Peter O. Milch, Edmund C. Dunkel, Albert Berkowitz, Mary Beth Woodin, et al. "Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the Du Pont HERPCHEKTM HSV Elisa, a New Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Direct Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus." In Rapid Methods in Clinical Microbiology, 71–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0601-6_6.
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Chardonnet, Y., A. Janiaud, J. J. Chomel, J. Viac, S. Euvrard, D. Schmitt, and M. Aymard. "Detection by Elisa Test of Antibodies to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Type 16 E7 Oncoprotein in Patients with Benign or Malignant Papillomas from Skin or Mucosa." In Immunology of Human Papillomaviruses, 133–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2449-6_23.
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Spickett, Gavin P. "Allergy tests." In Oxford Handbook of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, 533–54. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199603244.003.0019.
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Introduction Allergen-specific IgE Allergen-specific IgG antibodies Basophil activation test CD23, soluble (Fcε receptor) C3a, C4a, and C5a (anaphylotoxins) Challenge tests Drug allergy testing Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) Eosinophil count Flow-CAST® and CAST-ELISA® Histamine-release assays Immunoglobulin E (total IgE) IgE autoantibodies/IgE receptor antibodies...
Conference papers on the topic "ELISA tests"
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Blaha, Thomas, J. Ehlers, U. Methner, Wolfgang Leyk, K. Rohn, and Lothar Kreienbrock. "Proficiency Test of Four Salmonella Antibody ELISA-Tests for their Harmonization." In Second International Symposium on Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-468.
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Coan, Etienne, and Felipe Tuon. "Measles serological diagnosis: agreement between commercial IgM ELISA tests in a State Reference Laboratory." In International Symposium on Immunobiological. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.2021_46678.
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Criel, A., B. Gilbert, A. Van Hoof, M. Hidajat, and A. Louwagie. "COMPARISION OF THE DETECTION OF LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS USING THREE DIFFERENT METHODS AND THE PRESENCE OF ANTI-CARDIOLIPIN ANTIBODIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644233.
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Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) is an antibody directed against phospholipids which prolongs in vitro clotting assays. Several detection methods have been described; however all give some different results. Recently ELISA and RIA assays have been developed which detect IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies. The aim of our study was to compare three different LAC tests with an ELISA anti-cardiolipin test. The tests used were : kaolin clotting time (KCT or Exnertest), tissue thromboplastin inhibition test (TTI or Schleider test), activated partial thromboplastin time using a 50, 100, 200 fold dilution of the phospholipid preparation (APTT dilution test), and an IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin ELISA test. 114 samples of patients suffering from diseases known to be accompanied with LAC antibodies (auto-immune diseases, recurrent abortion, thromboembolism, etc.) were studied. Positivity with one of the tests was found in 45 patients (39%). Patients with the diagnosis of SLE or otherimmune diseases showed the highest positivity (56%) whereas those with thromboembolism, recurrent abortion etc. were only positive in 27%.Among these 45 positive patients the TTI was positive in 41 cases (91 %);however in 10 cases (24 %) this was the only positivity found. The KCT test and the APTT dilution test were both positive in 18 cases (40 %). Anti-cardiolipin antibodies were found in 21 patients (47 %): IgG only in 12 (27 %), IgM only in 5 (11 %), both IgG and IgM in 2 (4 %); in 19 of these 21 patientsthe TTI was also positive.In our study the TTI test seems to be the most sensitive test but possibly also the test with the highest aspecific positivities. IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies were less frequently found than expected.
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IZAGUIRRE, C. A., S. DUFF, S. HASHMENT, C. D. SMITH, Q. H. MENG, and J. RAUGH. "HETEROGENEOUS REACTIVITY OF HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES (HMA) WITH ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (EC), PLATELETS AND DNA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643659.
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Antibodies that react with cardiolipin (ACL) and/or have lupus anticoagulant (LA) properties are implicated in the thrombotic diathesis of patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndromes: recurrent venousand arterial thrombosis, fetal wastage, thrombocytopenia and CNS disease, often associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. We studied a panel of 16 HMA with LA and/or ACL properties (J Biol Chem 261:9672 1986) for their reactivity with platelets (ELISA),DNA (ELISA), with surface antigensonEC (EC-ELISA) and with whole cell EC extracts as detected by western blot and immunoperoxidase (EC-WB). Three control HMA werenonreactive in all assays.Five HMA with LA activity alone did not react with EC. Five of 6 HMA-ACL reacted with EC both on ELISA and WB. All of the HMA-ACL also reacted with DNA and platelets but 4 did not react as LA. Our findings indicate that HMA antiphospholipid antibodies(LA and ACL) appear to be heterogeneous in terms of their spectrum of reactivities, thus, the ACL and LA tests may in some cases recognize antibodies with different properties and perhaps different pathogeneticmechanisms.xs
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Sahli, Hanene, Mohamed Fethi Diouani, Ramzi Boubaker Landolsi, Lotfi Tlig, Makram Essaf, and Mounir Sayadi. "New approach based on fuzzy classification of the serological tests “ELISA” for the diagnosis of cattle tuberculosis." In 2015 16th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sta.2015.7505229.
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Brien, W., G. Denome, and B. O’Keefe. "THE PREVELANCE OF ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES, BY ELISA TECHNIQUE, IN PATIENTS WITH THE LUPUS ANTICOAGULANT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644234.
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Patients with the Lupus Anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin antibodies have been reported to be at increased risk of thrombosis and miscarriages. It has been proposed that the lupus anticoagulant is an antiphospholipid antibody.We evaluated 16 patients with the lupus anticoagulant for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. The lupus anticoagulant was documented by the presence of an abnormal APTT, abnormal mixing studies, positive tissue thromboplastin inhibition test and positive platelet neutralization test.Plasma from each patient was assessed for the presence of anticardiolipin, antiphosphatidylserine and antiphosphatidyl-glycerol antibodies by ELISAtechniques. As a control, a neutral phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine was used. A positive result was established when a delta value of lipid minus control was greater than 3SD compared to a normal population (20 pt.).Using three different patient dilutions, positive results were obtained in 10/16 pt. for anticardiolipin, 11/16 pt. for antiphosphatidylserine and 5/16 pt. for antiphosphatidyl-glycerol antibodies. Three patients were negative for all lipids. If a neutral phospholipid was not used and a delta volume not obtained, 15/16 patients would have had positive results.Our results suggest 1) Not all patients with the Lupus Anticoagulant have antiphosphilipid antibodies by ELISA technique. In evaluating patients with thrombosis and/or miscarriages, both tests should be performed.2) Anticardiolipin antibodies are not present in all patients and with a panel of other negatively charged phospholipids more positive results are obtained. 3) A neutral lipid should be used as a control for non-specific binding of antibody and delta values obtained to see if the results obtained is truly against the negatively charged lipid.
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Younes, Salma, Hadeel Al-Jighefee, Farah Shurrab, Duaa Al-Sadeq, Hadi Yassine, Asmaa Althani, Reham Marei, Hashim Alhussain, and Gheyath Nasrallah. "Validation of Selected Commercial Serological Assays for Diagnosis of COVID-19." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0306.
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As researchers around the globe rush to put the available antibody tests to use, concerns have been raised about their precision. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of selected commercial & automated serological assays that are widely used in different clinical settings in Qatar. We validated the performance of five commercial IgG and IgM ELISA kits, three fully automated immunoassays, and two commercial rapid tests. The sensitivity of all assays was compared to RT-PCR and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). In addition, cross-reactivity was investigated. Among the evaluated kits, Lionex IgG assay demonstrated the best performance (~88% sensitivity and ~99 specificity). All automated assays showed an excellent correlation with the neutralization test with an overall agreement of 93.6-98.5%. The rapid assays demonstrated a very good performance in detecting IgG antibodies (86.0-88.0% sensitivity and 98.0-100% specificity).
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Fabbrini, N., J. M. Walenga, D. Hoppensteadt, and J. Fareed. "LABORATORY EVALUATION OF A MULTICHANNEL VERTICAL PHOTOMETRIC ANALYZER FOR TEE TESTING OF CLOT, CHROMOGENIC AND ELISA BASED METHODS FOR HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644605.
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Due to major developments in the molecular understanding of the hemostatic system, many newer tests to evaluate bleeding and clotting disorders have been developed. These newer tests are based on clotting, enzymatic and immunologic techniques. Since routine coagulation laboratories are not equipped with instruments capable of enzymatic or immunologic measurements, adaptation of these newer tests to the clinical laboratory has been rather limited. As these tests have a significant impact on the basic diagnostics of hemostatic disorders and the monitoring of antithrombotic therapy, the need for instruments capable of performing each of these tests is evident. We have evaluated a new multiprobe instrument, the FP-910 Coagulation Analyzer (Lab-Systems, Helsinki, Finland), for numerous clot-based, immunologic and amidolytic assays. This instrument has a programmable microprocessor controlled analyzer, mixer and incubator in a semi-automated system capable of hight throughput due to multiple processing. A unique vertical light path system allows quantification of even particulate reactions. It is compatible with most commercially available reagents for clot-based synthetic substrate and ELISA methodologies. Individual methods are preprogrammed in the instrument and additional methods can be programmed for all detection modes. For the clot-based assays (P.T, APTT, Heptest®) , excellent correlations were obtained with the BBL Fibrometer and General Diagnostics Coagamate X2 (n=50, r>0.95). The chromogenic assay kits from various suppliers (AT III, heparin, plasminogen, a-antiplasmin) also correlar-ted well (n=50, r>0.95). Similarly the ELISA based protein C assay also correlated well with the Dynatech® system (n=50, r>0.98). The instrument is easy to operate, has a high throughput in all modes (50-100/hr.), high reproducibility and is economically feasible for routine laboratories involved in multi-parametric testing of hemostasis.
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Blaha, Thomas, K. Bode, R. Merle, B. Schneider, and L. Kreienbrock. "A ring trial for testing the comparability of the laboratory results of three commercial Salmonella antibody ELISA tests in Germany, Denmark and The Netherlands." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-17.
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Metzelaar, M. J., H. K. Nieuwenhuis, and J. J. Sixma. "DETECTION OF ACTIVATED PLATELETS WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643829.
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Blood tests reflecting in-vivo activation of platelets are potentially useful in evaluating patients with thrombotic diseases. Recently monoclonal antibodies have been described that react preferentially with activated platelets. We prepared an IgG2b antibody, designated RUU-AP 2.28, that reacted with a 53.000 MW protein that is located in a special subclass of platelet granules in unstimulated platelets and that is exposed on the surface of activated platelets. Increased numbers of platelets that expressed the 2.28 antigen on their surface were observed in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and in patients with acute deep venous thrombosis. The percentage of RUU-AP 2.28 positive platelets in the circulation was 3,9 ± 2.7 (SD)% in the controls, (n = 20), 24.6 ± 13.5% in patients after cardiopulmonary surgery (n = 10) and 8.5% in patients with acute deep venous thrombosis (n = 2).In order to detect also earlier stages of platelet activation, such as secretion-independent phenomena, we produced new monoclonal antibodies by fusing spleen cells from Balb/c mice, immunized with thrombin stimulated, paraformaldehyde fixed platelets, with Ag 8653 myeloma cells. As a screening assay we used an ELISA with freshly fixed platelets or fixed thrombin-activated platelets. We detected six monoclonal antibodies (RUU-AP 1-6) specific for thrombin-activated platelets. The results of the ELISA were confirmed by flow cytofluorometry.None of the antibodies inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen or ristocetin. Ascites of IgGl antibody RUU-AP 3 reacted with normal thrombin-activated platelets but did not react with thrombin-activated platelets from a patient with Glanzmann’s disease. In addition antibody RUU-AP 3 reacted with normal platelets stimulated with 1 pM of ADP. These data suggest that antibody RUU-AP 3 detects a secretion-independent conformational change in the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex.
Reports on the topic "ELISA tests"
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Zaraisky, E. I. Comparative study of tests for simultaneous diagnosis of AFP and beta-HCG oncoantigens by ICHA methods using nanozolot and IPMS-ELISA using isotopes Eu3+ and Sm3+. Sputnik+, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1684-2626n9_18.
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Bercovier, Herve, and Ronald P. Hedrick. Diagnostic, eco-epidemiology and control of KHV, a new viral pathogen of koi and common carp. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695593.bard.
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Original objectives and revisions-The proposed research included these original objectives: field validation of diagnostic tests (PCR), the development and evaluation of new sensitive tools (LC-PCR/TaqManPCR, antibody detection by ELISA) including their use to study the ecology and the epidemiology of KHV (virus distribution in the environment and native cyprinids) and the carrier status of fish exposed experimentally or naturally to KHV (sites of virus replication and potential persistence or latency). In the course of the study we completed the genome sequence of KHV and developed a DNA array to study the expression of KHV genes in different conditions. Background to the topics-Mass mortality of koi or common carp has been observed in Israel, USA, Europe and Asia. These outbreaks have reduced exports of koi from Israel and have created fear about production, import, and movements of koi and have raised concerns about potential impacts on native cyprinid populations in the U.S.A. Major conclusions-A suite of new diagnostic tools was developed that included 3 PCR assays for detection of KHV DNA in cell culture and fish tissues and an ELISA assay capable of detecting anti-KHV antibodies in the serum of koi and common carp. The TKPCR assay developed during the grant has become an internationally accepted gold standard for detection of viral DNA. Additionally, the ELISA developed for detecting serum anti-KHV antibodies is now in wide use as a major nonlethal screening tool for evaluating virus status of koi and common carp populations. Real time PCR assays have been able to detect viral DNA in the internal organs of survivors of natural and wild type vaccine exposures at 1 and 10³ genome equivalents at 7 months after exposure. In addition, vaccinated fish were able to transmit the virus to naive fish. Potential control utilizing hybrids of goldfish and common carp for production demonstrated they were considerably more resistant than pure common carp or koi to both KHV (CyHV-3). There was no evidence that goldfish or other tested endemic cyprinids species were susceptible to KHV. The complete genomic sequencing of 3 strains from Japan, the USA, and Israel revealed a 295 kbp genome containing a 22 kbp terminal direct repeat encoding clear gene homologs to other fish herpesviruses in the family Herpesviridae. The genome encodes156 unique protein-coding genes, eight of which are duplicated in the terminal repeat. Four to seven genes are fragmented and the loss of these genes may be associated with the high virulence of the virus. Viral gene expression was studies by a newly developed chip which has allowed verification of transcription of most all hypothetical genes (ORFs) as well as their kinetics. Implications, both scientific and agricultural- The results from this study have immediate application for the control and management of KHV. The proposal provides elements key to disease management with improved diagnostic tools. Studies on the ecology of the virus also provide insights into management of the virus at the farms that farmers will be able to apply immediately to reduce risks of infections. Lastly, critical issues that surround present procedures used to create “resistant fish” must be be resolved (e.g. carriers, risks, etc.). Currently stamping out may be effective in eradicating the disease. The emerging disease caused by KHV continues to spread. With the economic importance of koi and carp and the vast international movements of koi for the hobby, this disease has the potential for even further spread. The results from our studies form a critical component of a comprehensive program to curtail this emerging pathogen at the local, regional and international levels.
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Magtoto, Ronaldo L., John K. Johnson, and Sheela Ramamoorthy. Lawsonia intracellularis ELISA: A New Test at the ISU-VDL. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-645.
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Durant, J. T. Evaluation of ELISA screening test for detecting aflatoxin in biogenic dust samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/573251.
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López-Valverde, Nansi, Antonio López-Valverde, Ana Suarez, Bruno Macedo de Sousa, and Juan Manuel Aragoneses. Association of gastric infection and periodontal disease through Helicobacter pylori as a common denominator: A systematic review and meta-analysi. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0097.
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Review question / Objective: Is gastric helicobacter pylori infection related to periodontal diseases? Condition being studied: Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify and analyze clinical studies to determine the direct correlation between Helicobacter Pylori gastric infection andPeriodontal Disease. Study designs to be included: Clinical studies that provided data on Helicobacter Pylori infection in both the stomach and oral cavity, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), rapid urease test (RUT) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical studies that associated PD with Helicobacter Pylori. The diagnosis of PD was confirmed ac-cording to the diagnostic criteria in periodontology.
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Yogev, David, Ricardo Rosenbusch, Sharon Levisohn, and Eitan Rapoport. Molecular Pathogenesis of Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae and its Application in Diagnosis and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573073.bard.
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Mycoplasma bovis and M. agalactiae are two phylogenetically related mycoplasmas which cause economically significant diseases in their respective bovine or small ruminant hosts. These organisms cause persistent asymptomatic infections that can result in severe outbreaks upon introduction of carrier animals into susceptible herds. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying mycoplasma-host interaction, variation in virulence, or of the factors enabling avoidance of the host immune system. In recent years it has become apparent that the ability of pathogenic microorganisms to rapidly alter surface antigenic structures and to fine tune their antigenicity, a phenomena called antigenic variation, is one of the most effective strategies used to escape immune destruction and to establish chronic infections. Our discovery of a novel genetic system, mediating antigenic variation in M. bovis (vsp) as well as in M. agalactiae (avg) served as a starting point for our proposal which included the following objectives: (i) Molecular and functional characterization of the variable surface lipoproteins (Vsp) system of M. bovis and comparison with the Vsp-counterpart in M. agalactiae (ii) Determination of the role of Vsp proteins in the survival of M. bovis when confronted by host defense factors, (iii) Assessment of Vsp-based genetic and antigenic typing of M. bovis and M. agalactiae for epidemiology of infection and (iv) Improvement of diagnostic tests for M. bovis and M. agalactiae based on the vsp-and vsp-analogous systems. We have carried out an extensive molecular characterization of the vsp system and unravelled the precise molecular mechanism responsible for the generation of surface antigenic variation in M. bovis. Our data clearly demonstrated that the two pathogenic mycoplasma species possess large gene families encoding variable lipoprotein antigens that apparently play an important role in immune evasion and in pathogen-host interaction during infection. Phase variable production of these antigens was found to be mediated by a novel molecular mechanism utilizing double site-specific DNA inversions via an intermediate vsp configuration. Studies in model systems indicate that phase variation of VspA is relevant in interaction between M. bovis and macrophages or monocytes, a crucial stage in pathogenesis. Using an ELISA test with captured VspA as an antigen, phase variation was shown to occur in vivo and under field conditions. Genomic rearrangements in the avg gene family of M. agalactiae were shown to occur in vivo and may well have a role in evasion of host defences and establishment of chronic infection. An epidemiological study indicated that patterns of vsp-related antigenic variation diverge rapidly in an M. bovis infected herd. Marked divergence was also found with avg-based genomic typing of M. agalactiae in chronically infected sheep. However, avg-genomic fingerprints were found to be relatively homogeneous in different animals during acute stages of an outbreak of Contagious Agalactiae, and differ between unrelated outbreaks. These data support the concept of vsp-based genomic typing but indicate the necessity for further refinement of the methodology. The molecular knowledge on these surface antigens and their encoding genes provides the basis for generating specific recombinant tools and serological methods for serodiagnosis and epidemiological purposes. Utilization of these methods in the field may allow differentiating acutely infected herds from chronic herds and disease-free herds. In addition the highly immunogenic nature of these lipoproteins may facilitate the design of protective vaccine against mycoplasma infections.
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Malkinson, Mertyn, Irit Davidson, Moshe Kotler, and Richard L. Witter. Epidemiology of Avian Leukosis Virus-subtype J Infection in Broiler Breeder Flocks of Poultry and its Eradication from Pedigree Breeding Stock. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586459.bard.
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Objectives 1. Establish diagnostic procedures to identify tolerant carrier birds based on a) Isolation of ALV-J from blood, b) Detection of group-specific antigen in cloacal swabs and egg albumen. Application of these procedures to broiler breeder flocks with the purpose of removing virus positive birds from the breeding program. 2. Survey the AL V-J infection status of foundation lines to estimate the feasibility of the eradication program 3. Investigate virus transmission through the embryonated egg (vertical) and between chicks in the early post-hatch period (horizontal). Establish a model for limiting horizontal spread by analyzing parameters operative in the hatchery and brooder house. 4. Compare the pathogenicity of AL V-J isolates for broiler chickens. 5. Determine whether AL V-J poses a human health hazard by examining its replication in mammalian and human cells. Revisions. The: eradication objective had to be terminated in the second year following the closing down of the Poultry Breeders Union (PBU) in Israel. This meant that their foundation flocks ceased to be available for selection. Instead, the following topics were investigated: a) Comparison of commercial breeding flocks with and without myeloid leukosis (matched controls) for viremia and serum antibody levels. b) Pathogenicity of Israeli isolates for turkey poults. c) Improvement of a diagnostic ELISA kit for measuring ALV-J antibodies Background. ALV-J, a novel subgroup of the avian leukosis virus family, was first isolated in 1988 from broiler breeders presenting myeloid leukosis (ML). The extent of its spread among commercial breeding flocks was not appreciated until the disease appeared in the USA in 1994 when it affected several major breeding companies almost simultaneously. In Israel, ML was diagnosed in 1996 and was traced to grandparent flocks imported in 1994-5, and by 1997-8, ML was present in one third of the commercial breeding flocks It was then realized that ALV-J transmission was following a similar pattern to that of other exogenous ALVs but because of its unusual genetic composition, the virus was able to establish an extended tolerant state in infected birds. Although losses from ML in affected flocks were somewhat higher than normal, both immunosuppression and depressed growth rates were encountered in affected broiler flocks and affected their profitability. Conclusions. As a result of the contraction in the number of international primary broiler breeders and exchange of male and female lines among them, ALV-J contamination of broiler breeder flocks affected the broiler industry worldwide within a short time span. The Israeli national breeding company (PBU) played out this scenario and presented us with an opportunity to apply existing information to contain the virus. This BARD project, based on the Israeli experience and with the aid of the ADOL collaborative effort, has managed to offer solutions for identifying and eliminating infected birds based on exhaustive virological and serological tests. The analysis of factors that determine the efficiency of horizontal transmission of virus in the hatchery resulted in the workable solution of raising young chicks in small groups through the brooder period. These results were made available to primary breeders as a strategy for reducing viral transmission. Based on phylogenetic analysis of selected Israeli ALV-J isolates, these could be divided into two groups that reflected the countries of origin of the grandparent stock. Implications. The availability of a simple and reliable means of screening day old chicks for vertical transmission is highly desirable in countries that rely on imported breeding stock for their broiler industry. The possibility that AL V-J may be transmitted to human consumers of broiler meat was discounted experimentally.
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Zaraisky, E. I., A. A. Stepanov, and A. M. Poltavtsev. Express test for the simultaneous diagnosis of encountering PAMG-1 and PAMG - 2 using technique of immune chromatography using nanogold and IPMS-ELISA using isotopes Еi3+ and Sm3+. Editors of the Eurasian Scientific Journal, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/esj_n12_2018-141-144.
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Dritz, K., M. Absil-Mills, and K. Jacobs. Software test plan/description/report (STP/STD/STR) for the enhanced logistics intratheater support tool (ELIST) global data segment. Version 8.1.0.0, Database Instance Segment Version 8.1.0.0, ... [elided] and Reference Data Segment Version 8.1.0.0 for Solaris 7. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793096.
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Vallerani, Sara, Elizabeth Storer, and Costanza Torre. Considerazioni chiave: equità e partecipazione nella promozione della vaccinazione per il covid-19 tra le persone razzializzate e senza documenti. SSHAP, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.025.
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Questo documento espone alcune considerazioni a proposito della promozione dei vaccini per il SARS-CoV-2 e delle strategie per garantirne un’equa distribuzione tra gli immigrati senza documenti residenti in Italia e, in particolare, a Roma. Quanto emerge dal caso italiano può essere in parte applicabile ad altri contesti in cui la somministrazione del vaccino è stata legata al dispositivo del “passaporto vaccinale”, ovvero il certificato COVID digitale dell'UE, in Italia Green Pass. Nell’organizzazione della campagna vaccinale alcune categorie sociali sono state identificate come “difficili da raggiungere” (hard to reach) e per cui è necessario immaginare interventi specifici.1 In questo testo si sceglie di parlare di persone razzializzate e illegalizzate poiché senza documenti per riferirsi a persone immigrate che non hanno cittadinanza, permesso di soggiorno e status di rifugiato. Questo documento esplora il contesto quotidiano delle vite delle persone illegalizzate e come l’esperienza della pandemia di COVID-19 abbia esacerbato le difficoltà che queste persone incontrano, 23 mettendo in luce il collegamento tra le vulnerabilità, consolidate ed emergenti, con la percezione dei vaccini. Si suggerisce come l’orientamento e la percezione dei vaccini si inseriscano all’interno dei contesti di vita delle persone, in cui molto spesso la priorità è data al sostentamento economico. In molti casi, l’accettazione della vaccinazione è motivata dalla necessità di continuare ad avere un lavoro retribuito piuttosto che a una preoccupazione connessa alla salute o a una fiducia nei confronti delle istituzioni sanitarie. Il seguente documento si pone l’obiettivo di esaminare come i vaccini possano essere distribuiti in modo equo e capace di aumentare la fiducia e i processi di inclusione nella società post-pandemica. Il testo si basa principalmente sulla ricerca etnografica e le testimonianze raccolte attraverso interviste e osservazioni con persone razzializzate e illegalizzate nella città di Roma, insieme a rappresentanti della società civile e operatori socio-sanitari tra dicembre 2021 e gennaio 2022. Questo documento è stato sviluppato per SSHAP da Sara Vallerani (Università di Roma Tre), Elizabeth Storer (LSE) e Costanza Torre (LSE). È stato revisionato da Santiago Ripoll (IDS, Università del Sussex), con ulteriori revisioni da parte di Paolo Ruspini (Università Roma Tre) ed Eloisa Franchi (Université Paris Saclay, Università di Pavia). La ricerca è stata finanziata dalla British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210058). La ricerca si è svolta presso il Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. La sintesi è di responsabilità di SSHAP.