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Kaczuwka, Alycia. "Mass-elite dichotomy in application of risk theory." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2000. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/195.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science
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Woessner, Matthew. "The President's public : an elite theory of presidential job approval /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486394475977855.
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James, David William George. "The nature and impact of achievement goals in elite sport competitors." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286490.
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Lynge-Jorlén, Ane. "Between edge and elite : niche fashion magazines, producers and readers." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2009. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/6510/.
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This thesis examines contemporary niche fashion magazines and uses as a case study an ethnographic investigation of a niche fashion magazine and its producers and readers. Fashion magazines are instrumental not only in helping readers make sense of, understand and consume fashion; they are themselves fashionable media that set trends in how fashion is mediated. Niche fashion magazines are a sub genre of fashion magazines that is produced and consumed by cultural intermediaries. They are part of a complex cultural circuit which involves their marketing, production, circulation, textual representations and readers' consumption. Within this circuit values, meanings, codes, notions and practices of fashion are exchanged, and these are the focus of this thesis. This thesis examines the niche fashion magazine genre, addressing its hybridised quality of art, popular culture, high fashion, elite and edge. Through active participant observation, the case study explores the production practices and the different economies and values that inform the encoding of fashion into the magazine. Drawing on in-depth interviews with niche fashion magazine readers, the thesis also explores how readers make sense of niche fashion magazines by engaging with their symbolic value. Within the fashion press niche fashion magazines are the focal media for the tastemakers of fashion. Yet niche fashion magazines as an object of inquiry has been neglected by academia, which has paid more attention to women's and men's magazines and their textual representations. A central aim of this thesis is to contribute to an understanding of the meanings of fashion mediation with a specific focus on the methodological integration of textual, consumption and production analysis. By generating new insight as to how fashion is exchanged and mediated between producers and readers of niche fashion magazines it contributes to the study of fashion within sociology and media research.
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Bohlin, Johan. "Public Rationality in War : A comparative case study of Elite Cue theory and success-focused event-response theory." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2622.
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Columbus, Rasmus, and Karbratt Rebecca Perrusquia. "Book design in theory and practice how does the book designer elite think?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93166.
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Typographers and book designers most important tasks are to preserve the texts, authors thoughts and ideas for posterity, and through their work successfully invite and communicate the content of these writings to the readers. In their work, the designers have sets of rules and theories to their assistance, and regardless if they choose to follow them, they should know that they exist and know why they choose to follow or break them. This essays intention is to, by using qualitative semi-structured interviews, find out how today’s book designers view their work and the different fields that are included in it, for example typography, materials and cover design. Also how the designers relate to the theory presented in this essay. Three book designers were interviewed and their knowledge and experience formed the basis for the empirical data collection and the comparison against the theory. The findings revealed that the book designers approach to their work is very similar to the theory, even though they themselves claim that they don’t use any specific theories. As an experienced book designer the guidelines become as natural to their work as the process to inhale oxygen. But it takes practice and years of experience before one reaches this point.Typografers och bokformgivares viktigaste uppgifter är att bevara texter, författares tankar och idéer till eftervärlden, och att genom sitt arbete lyckas bjuda in och kommunicera dessa texters innehåll till läsaren. Till detta arbete har formgivaren mängder av regler och teorier till sin hjälp, och oavsett om han eller hon väljer att följa dem bör de veta att de finns och veta varför de väljer att följa eller bryta dem. Detta arbete syftar till att med hjälp av an kvalitativ semi-strukturerad intervjumetod ta reda på hur dagens bokformgivare ser på sitt arbete och de olika områden som ingår i detta, såsom typografi, material och formgivning av omslag, samt hur de förhåller sig till de olika teorier som presenteras i arbetet. Intervjuerna involverade tre bokformgivare vars kunskaper och erfarenheter ligger till grund för empiriinsamlingen och den jämförelse som gjort gentemot teorin. I slutsatserna kom det fram att bokformgivares förhållningssätt till sitt arbete har stora likheter med teorin, även fast de själv påstår sig inte använda sig av några speciella teorier. Som erfaren bokformgivare blir riktlinjerna en lika naturlig process som att inhalera syre. Men det krävs praktik och många års erfarenhet innan man hamnar här.
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Oldman, D. K. "Elite decision making in 1968 Czechoslovakia : a case for Irving Janis "groupthink" theory?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/16300/.
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The Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia is a seminal twentieth century event. It has principally been studied by Western academics from a Soviet perspective. It is one of the purposes of this dissertation to re-dress that imbalance and look at the crisis from the perspective of the Czechoslovak political elite at the apex of the political system: the Presidium of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. It is another purpose of this dissertation to test Irving Janis’s ‘Groupthink’ hypothesis at the group domain of analysis. Although a much-cited neologism, few have used this approach when analysing historical events. The Presidium’s decision-making will be contextualised by an in-depth consideration of the information environment the political elite derived its knowledge from. Did the military elite and Diplomatic Corps provide accurate information the Presidium could make rational use of to ward off the impending invasion during 1968 or were these information sources ambivalent to, or even neglectful of the building threat? Whether this was true or not, did Czechoslovak elite fealty to both communism ideologically and the USSR as a fraternal ally, create what Janis has identified as group ‘concurrence seeking’, thus perpetrating the phenomenon of ‘Groupthink’, wherein the group’s information searching and decision-making capacities were compromised? Many notable contributions to the historiography of 1968 have been made by contributors resident in the west before the collapse of the bi-polar division of continental Europe in 1989. Since then archival restrictions have lessened and researchers are now able to gain access to key personnel involved in the events. This author has accessed archival sources: principally a continuous run of Presidium meeting stenographs from April to August 1968. The author has also used documents generated by governmental commissions into these events, accessed diplomatic cables and reports from 1968 and has interviewed some high ranking military personnel.
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Stone, Gregory W. "Playing the Man, Educating Elite English Manhood in Theory and Practice c. 1550 - 1640." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504002.
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Krein, Hilary Merrideth. "Oil and Politics in North Dakota." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73323.
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In the past decade, North Dakota has experienced a substantial shift in economic and political activity due to oil. In addition to jobs and revenue, corporate interests have surged into the state with a dominating force. As players in a highly valued industry, oil companies have worked hard to protect and uphold viable markets in the state. These interests are observed in relationships with key politicians, especially among those regulating the oil industry as members of the North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC). Critics label this development as misguided, as an example of big business manipulating government. This thesis, on the other hand, contends that such arguments are predicated on prevailing, yet unhelpful standards, and offers an understanding of how ND's government operates in the real world through the use of qualitative and quantitative methods. By testing the relationship between political contributions and oil spills in North Dakota and interpreting the results using three political theories—tliberalism, realism, and elite theory—tthe case study shows the allegations against key politicians and the oil industry are not substantiated. Instead of a case of political corruption, the thesis shows that the case of the NDIC is in fact a paradigmatic example of how liberal-democracy really works.Master of Arts
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Roness, Simon. "COPING STRATEGIES AMONG ELITE SWEDISH FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN RELATION TO THEIR GOAL ORIENTATION PROFILES." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-15580.
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The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) elite Swedish football players use of coping strategies, (2) their goal orientations, and (3) the relationship between their goal orientation profiles and use of coping strategies. Participants were 83 male elite Swedish football players. The Perception of Success Questionnaire and COPE inventory were administered to meet the objectives. Results showed a significant interaction effect between athletes’ task and ego goal orientations and their use of planning. Athletes’ with a HT/LE profile (3.06 ± 0.36; M ± SD) used frequently more planning than athletes’ with a LT/LE profile (2.59 ± 0.51). Moreover, athletes’ high in task (2.71 ± 0.37) used more problem-focused strategies than athletes low in task (2.54 ± 0.33), and athletes’ low in ego (2.31 ± 0.24) used more emotion-focused strategies than athletes’ high in ego (2.17 ± 0.27). Results are discussed in relation to previous research of achievement motivation and athletes’ use of coping strategies.Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka: (1) svenska elitfotbollsspelares användande av coping strategier, (2) deras målorienteringar, och (3) relationen mellan deras målorienteringsprofiler och användande av coping strategier. Urvalet bestod av 83 manliga svenska elitfotbollsspelare. Studiens syften undersöktes med hjälp av The Perception of Success Questionnaire och COPE inventory. Resultaten visade en signifikant interaktionseffekt mellan idrottarnas task och ego orienteringar och användande av planering. Idrottare med en HT/LE profil (3.06 ± 0.36; M ± SD) använde sig av mer planering än idrottare med en LT/LE profil (2.59 ± 0.51). Vidare använde idrottare med en hög task-orientering (2.71 ± 0.37) sig av mer problem-fokuserade strategier än idrottare med en låg task-orientering (2.54 ± 0.33) och idrottare med en låg ego-orientering (2.31 ± 0.24) använde mer emotions-fokuserade strategier än idrottare med en hög ego-orientering (2.17 ± 0.27). Resultaten har diskuterats i relation till tidigare forskning inom prestationsmotivation och idrottares coping strategier.
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Seong, Haeyoung. "A Study of Political Leadership in Democratic Theory." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500950/.
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This thesis offers an alternative of political leadership through a literature review of democratic theory as categorized into three models: classical, elitist, and egalitarian. The three models considered an ethical, an institutional, and an economic institutional postulate of political elites and their relationships. Still, the democratic elitist model emerging as the dominant model has been challenged by the egalitarian model enforcing economic institutional elites to be accountable to mass interest. As a competing idea, the egalitarian democratic model has been analyzed for its desirability over the democratic elitist model. This study is worthwhile in instigating an underscored concern surrounding economic institutional elites in the scope of accountable political elites, and in calling forth a further study on the preferred alternative, democratization of economic institutional elites.
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Trent, Carol L. s. "Elite Deviance, Organized Crime, and Homicide: A Cross-National Quantitative Analysis." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5788.
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Both elite deviance, committed by the upper echelons of society, and organized crime threaten development and the rights and security of people across and within nations; however empirical research on these topics is limited, especially in the field of criminology. This study addresses this gap in the literature by testing hypotheses derived from Simon’s symbiotic theory of elite deviance, which posits that direct and indirect relationships exist between elite deviance, organized crime, and conventional crimes exist (2008). The intervening effects of national culture and political economic ideology are also considered.
To test the research hypotheses, this study uses homicide rates, corruption and organized crime measures, and indicators of national culture from 114 nations. Findings suggest that empirical linkages exist between elite deviance, organized crime and conventional deviance at the cross-national level. These data suggest the level of corruption and organized crime within a nation are better predictors of homicide than conventional explanations of violent crime (e.g., modernization/development, opportunity/routine activities). Furthermore, organized crime partially mediated the relationship between corruption and homicide rates in the same (positive) direction. This implies that the criminogenic effect of elite deviance on non-elite deviance operates indirectly through organized crime. The corruption-homicide relationship was also partially mediated by a national culture of moral cynicism and capitalist economic conditions. Although not definitive given methodological concerns and alternate theoretical explanations, this study provides avenues for future research into the underlying social processes that influence the crime rate within nations.
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Maitland, Alison. "Organisational culture and coach-athlete relationships : an ethnographic study of an elite rowing club." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7192.
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This thesis explores how coach-athlete relationships are influenced within the organisational culture of a rowing club. Relational Cultural Theory and the work of Weber are used to examine how the concept of organisational culture informs understanding of coach and athlete relating. The study, covering a complete competitive season, involved an eleven month long ethnography of an elite rowing club in Great Britain. The findings demonstrate the visceral, enculturated and complex nature of coach-athlete relationships in elite sport. Relational disconnection occurred in the disenchanted organisational life, where intrinsic values were subordinated to a rational quest for efficiency, control and ultimately success, as well as traditional social ordering based on status and gender. Relationships were characterised by power over relating, distance and impersonal relations, caretaking rather than caring about, fragile trust by the athlete and trust through surveillance by the coach, where emotion was concealed and conflict avoided. However, enacting shared identities, the emotion involved in competing and the fact this was a voluntary organisation with competing values, provided an escape from simulacra of elite sport to allow for multi-value paradigm of interests. The opportunity for coaches and athletes to connect with each other based on their values and with emotion exposed their humanity and revealed the potential for relational mutuality and authenticity. The study challenges the valorised coaching and elite sport relationships and lifestyle. Implications for coaching include providing individuals with confidence to raise the issue of relationship, providing coaches and athletes with knowledge of connection and disconnection in relationship and the outcome on well-being. The need to develop a systemised approach to embedding growth-fostering relationships in the culture of high performance sport is highlighted.
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Andersson, Rebecca. "Resonemang omkring motivation : En undersökning av elitsatsande gymnasieelevers motivationsfaktorer i fotboll vid en NIU skola i Sverige." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36288.
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Abstract: Elite soccer in combination with education is a unique and demanding task. The path towards a glory career in sports takes hard mental and physical training. The objectives in this study are 6 elite focused high school students studying high school education programs in combination with football profile. They are 3 of each gender. The purpose of the study was to find out more about their perspective of motivation and what makes them keep going towards a career in football in beside their education. The study is of empiric hermeneutic survey used qualitative method and interviewing to collect data. The results have shown several patterns and similarities, also differences. They all see motivation as a mental force. They appreciate the social factors from parents through support and commitment in their football. Several of them found their interests in football through their parent’s interest in football. They are motivated by development and promotion in divisions. They are all experiencing a need of having fun towards their elite focused career.
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Ometto, Maria Paola Di Sessa de Luca. "Implicit corporate political activity and elite formation." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12077.
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In this thesis, we analyze how a progressive business elite created the civil society organization Rede Nossa São Paulo (RNSP), achieving significant institutional changes, thus enabling the elite’s consolidation in the political sphere. The research yielded three articles. The first article discusses how RNSP became a strong political actor in the City of São Paulo and also in Brazil. To address this issue, we applied historical constructs to show how RNSP used history to become a central actor in the political sphere. In the second paper, we complement corporate political activity (CPA) theory by adding a new construct, implicit corporate political activity (ICPA), which conceptualizes how business elites together with civil society organizations can influence government. Since government, corporations and civil society organizations now have blurred boundaries; we understand that this concept is extremely important in drawing attention and creating new avenues for research in this novel environment. In the final article, we show the micro foundations of ICPA. Specifically, how business elites and corporations influence RNSP and, indirectly, government. Concluding, we contribute to the literature on how business influences government and the public sphere indirectly, through civil society organizations. Theoretically, we illuminate the literature of institutional theory, history, and power.
Nesta tese, analisamos como a elite empresarial progressista criou a organização da sociedade civil Rede Nossa São Paulo (RNSP), alcançando mudanças institucionais significativas, permitindo assim a consolidação da elite na esfera política. A pesquisa resultou em três artigos. O primeiro artigo discute como a RNSP se tornou um forte ator político na cidade de São Paulo e também no Brasil. Para abordar esta questão, mostramos como a RNSP usou a história retórica para se tornar um ator central na esfera política. No segundo artigo, propomos o conceito de atividade política corporativa implícita (ICPA), complementar a atividade política corporativa. Conceituamos ICPA como elites empresariais em conjunto com organizações da sociedade civil agindo para influenciar o governo. Com os limites entre o governo, as empresas e organizações da sociedade civil difusos; entendemos que este conceito é extremamente importante para chamar a atenção e criar novos caminhos para a pesquisa sobre a influência das empresas no governo. No último artigo, mostramos os micro fundamentos da ICPA. Especificamente, como as elites empresariais e corporações influenciam a RNSP e, indiretamente, o governo. Concluindo, contribuímos para a literatura sobre a influência das empresas no governo e na esfera pública indiretamente, por meio de organizações da sociedade civil. Teoricamente, estendemos a literatura de teoria institucional, história e poder.
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Eghweree, Ogheneruonah Charles. "Oil, politics and regional development in Nigeria : a comparison of the south-south and the south-west regions." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21911.
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As oil bearing country, the issue of development in Nigeria has been a complex one that has attracted attention of both the government and scholars because oil politics appears to shape resource management and the development process. While academic focus has been on the analysis of national development, there is a paucity of academic studies on the internal dynamics at the regional level that shape the development process. This study therefore aims to: “examine the effect of oil resources on Nigeria’s development and the South-South compared with the situation in the South-West”, with an explicit focus on the complex nexus between oil, politics and regional development in Nigeria. The thesis adopts both methodological and theoretical triangulation to generate data to test the main and supporting hypothesis adopted for the study: “the oil industry has had an adverse impact on the development of Nigeria, and, in particular, the Niger Delta region in which it is concentrated”. In so doing, it explores the failure of oil politics to mix effectively to engender both national and regional development; leading to a regional development disparity. The study concludes that oil wealth failed to fuel development in Nigeria but instead, led to leadership failure. This failure is particularly found to have given vent to the negative impact of oil wealth on elite behaviour that is shaped by corruption, made worse by a dis-functional federal system where those with links major ethnic groups, get resource allocation and development advantage. The study consequently recommends that elite induced oil politics and attendant corruption, be tackled to pave way for both national and regional development in Nigeria. The study also recommend replication of this study in a larger scale in other oil bearing developing nations to further explore the relationship between management of resource wealth and regional development.
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Gama, Tiago Braga. "A influência da elite partidária na escolha da Cúpula do Judiciário Brasileiro." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14706.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência PolíticaA essência deste trabalho discute a concentração de poder e as ligações entre o político e o jurídico. Para isto, é trazido o caso brasileiro de escolha dos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal, que segue o modelo americano. Mais especificamente, é trazido o problema da influência das lideranças partidárias na indicação dos juízes da mais alta corte nacional e a concentração de poder que a mesma possui, sendo a responsável por julgar a elite política, ser uma corte constitucional e ser a cúpula do judiciário. Tendo então como pergunta de partida: será a influência da elite partidária na escolha dos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal um desvirtuamento da separação de poderes? Para responder este questionamento o trabalho foi dividido da seguinte maneira: o primeiro capítulo fornece a base teórica da separação de poderes, com as motivações pelas quais Montesquieu, dentre outros teóricos, observou a necessidade desta separação de funções. A segunda parte do trabalho traz considerações sobre os partidos políticos e em especial a teoria das elites. Após são abordadas questões pertinentes ao Judiciário, que discorre sobre a politização do judiciário, legitimidade democrática e a concentração de funções no Supremo. No capítulo seguinte é elaborada uma tabela para facilitar a comparação do histórico dos últimos 23 ministros indicados, contendo o partido que o indicou, eventuais conexões partidárias e seu histórico profissional, coadunando com os dados seguintes, que exploram os julgamentos da corte. Em conclusão, o trabalho pondera os argumentos e dados trazidos, mitigando uma resposta afirmativa ou negativa da questão apresentada.
The essence of this paper discusses the concentration of power and the links between political and legal. For this, the Brazilian case of the ministers choice of the Federal Supreme Court, which follows the American model, is brought. More specifically, the problem of the influence of party leaders in the judges appointment of the highest national court and the concentration of power that it possesses is brought about, being responsible for judging the political elite, being a constitutional court and being the top of the judiciary . Having as a starting point: would the influence of the party elite in the choice of the Federal Supreme Court ministers be a distortion of the separation of powers? To answer this question, the work was divided in the following way: the first chapter provides the theoretical basis of the separation of powers, with the motivations for which Montesquieu, among other theorists, observed the necessity of this separation of functions. The second part of the work brings with it considerations about political parties and, in particular, the theory of elites. Afterwards, the Judiciary theme is discussed, which discusses the politicization of the judiciary, democratic legitimacy and the concentration of functions in the Supreme Court. In the following chapter a table is drawn up to facilitate the comparison of the history of the last 23 ministers nominated, containing the party that indicated it, possible party connections, and their professional background, along with the following data, which explore court judgments. In conclusion, the paper weighs the arguments and data brought, mitigating an affirmative or negative answer of the presented question. Keywords:
N/A
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Faircloth, Catherine. ""Work Hard, Depend on Yourself": The Transition Stories of Seven International Master's Students at an Elite U.S. School of Education." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107591.
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Thesis advisor: Audrey FriedmanAs increasing numbers of international students enroll at US universities, these institutions must consider how best to create inclusive campus environments that serve varied learning needs. While international student enrollment at schools of education remains low, some elite programs are drawing growing numbers, but there is a dearth of research regarding international students' transitions into this culturally-embedded field. These experiences warrant investigation so that faculty, administrators, and fellow students might better understand, accommodate, and empower the international students in their midst. The purpose of this dissertation is to describe how 7 female international students from China, South Korea, and India perceive their transition experiences in Master’s programs at an elite US graduate school of education. Three interviews were conducted with each woman, using questions based on Charmaz's (2006) life change protocol. Research sub-questions concerned: a) the decision to study in the US, b) the women’s personal characteristics and background experiences, c) challenges and changes, d) strategies, and e) forms of support. Grounded theory was paired with narrative methods to analyze and present findings, highlighting themes within and across participants’ transitions. Schlossberg’s transition model (Anderson et al., 2012) was used to interpret results, especially women's coping resources. Three main themes emerged: the complexity of self-determination, hard work and its limits, and marginalization and attempts to minimize it. Despite positive experiences, the women faced challenges. While most gained a sense of independence, some resented their new responsibilities and missed previous support networks. All women reported hard work as a key academic strategy, but their diligence was not always enough to transcend language and cultural barriers. Faced with segregation and/or marginalization in America, most women attempted to enrich their experience, surrounding themselves with caring people, volunteering, or seeking resources to achieve goals. The findings suggest that institutions of higher education should assess the social and academic needs of international Master's students and offer tailored support services that address language and cultural barriers inherent in their programs
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Teacher Education, Special Education, Curriculum and Instruction
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Brown, Matthew Tyler. "The process of perspective, a grounded theory inquiry into the art of living well in the world of elite sport." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65175.pdf.
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Puglisi, Rosaria. "Power to the pragmatists : the role of the economic elite in relations between Russia and Ukraine 1994-1998." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2025/.
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This work discusses the role of the economic elites of Russia and Ukraine in the development of relations between the two countries in the period between 1994-1998. A “Pragmatist approach” to bilateral relations, that emerged in Kyiv and in Moscow in the mid-1990s, and the doctrine of CIS integration are identified as the ideological underpinnings for the participation of the economic elites in the process of foreign policy-making. According to these approaches, economic elites in Russia and Ukraine share similar economic interests derived from the necessity to restore a post-Soviet common economic space. Convergent interests of the economic elites are assumed to be powerful incentives to increase bilateral co-operation and eventually foster economic and political reintegration between the two countries. In an analysis based on the study of domestic sources of foreign policy, the author contests these approaches. This work argues that, contrary to expectations, the consolidation of nation-based economic elites led to the emergence of conflicting rather than convergent interests. The redistribution of national wealth, following the demise of the Soviet structure of state-ownership, sparked a struggle between domestic and economic elites for the control of economic resources. The penetration of external economic actors was viewed, in this perspective, as a factor that might upset the delicate balance of power between domestic institutions and economic agents. A nationalist vocabulary, resulting from a century-long struggle for independence, was used in Ukraine to express a protectionist mood against Russian competitors. This research contributes to the debate on co-operation between states and the role that domestic factor play in encouraging or hindering such a process. In particular, this study supports the argument that recently established independent states are less prone to join co-operation schemes, especially when a process of redistribution of national resources follows the demise of the previous regime. The economic elites may be identified in this process as active participants or even promoters of nationalist movements.
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Blackett, Alex. "Understanding the 'fast-track' transition between elite athlete and high-performance coach in men's Association Football and Rugby Union : a grounded theory." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2017. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/28658/.
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It is commonplace for many high-performance coaches to be former elite athletes in the same sports they coach (Christensen, 2013; Mielke, 2007; Werthner & Trudel, 2009). In many cases, such individuals are ‘fast-tracked’ through formal coach accreditation structures into these high-performance coaching roles (Rynne, 2014). The reasons why former elite athletes dominate coaching roles in professional sports clubs and why a ‘fast-track’ pathway from elite athlete to high-performance coach is supported remain unclear. The project builds upon existing research on coach development to understand the social processes for how high-performance athletes negotiate the career transition into post-athletic high-performance coaching roles in men’s association football and rugby union. The project employed a Straussian grounded theory methodology which consisted of three iterations of empirical data collection and analysis. The first and second iterations respectively sampled eight senior club directors and 11 academy directors of men’s professional association football and rugby union clubs on why they appointed ‘fast-tracked’ coaches and how they valued particular sources of coaching knowledge. Data were abductively analysed (Blaikie, 2009) and signified Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, capital and hexis in addition to Foucault’s concepts of docile bodies, surveillance and technologies of power. The data suggested that elite athletes were drawn through within their clubs into high-performance coaching roles based on three main themes: a) to ensure the perpetuation of specific playing and coaching philosophies; b) clubs’ former athletes were regarded to act as docile bodies when embodying the clubs’ values in their coaching, and; c) ‘fast-tracked’ appointments were often based upon enhanced levels of symbolic capital and the perceived ability to gain player ‘respect’. Such appointment processes imposed symbolic violence onto other populations for whom competing in male elite sport is inaccessible, most distinctly women. The final iteration investigated how current or former elite athletes negotiated a ‘fast-tracked’ career trajectory when developing their coaching identities. Current or former elite athletes (n=15) were interviewed on two occasions over a 10-12 month period whilst registered onto their respective national governing body’s level three coach qualification. Both courses were designed only for senior professional athletes to attend. The resulting grounded theory provides an original contribution to the field of coach development by signifying a number of distinct social process for how the athletes negotiated the ‘fast-track’ coaching pathway for developing their coaching identities. The difficulties the coaches encountered in balancing the values imposed on them by their clubs during the process of consolidating their own coaching identities are critically discussed in alignment with Bourdieu and Foucault’s conceptual frameworks. Recommendations for the provision of formal coach education programmes are made concerning how coaches mediate developing their own coaching philosophies against imposed structural regimes of truth, along with conceptualising the value the coaches attributed to informal mentors over formal mentors. Recommendations are also provided to inform the policies surrounding coach recruitment at the high-performance level in the hope that directors’ recorded subconscious discriminatory practices are addressed.
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Reif, Jochen. "Assessing the genetic diversity in crops with molecular markers theory and experimental results with CIMMYT wheat and maize elite germplasm and genetic resources /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11406735.
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Hitchcock, Olivia Joanne. "Parachuting into crises: Applying postcolonial theory to analyze national, regional, and local media coverage of civil unrest in Ferguson, Missouri." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1461244945.
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Bergström, Linda. ""Det har varit en tråkigare säsong" : Elitidrottares upplevelser av förändring i motivation under våren och sommaren 2020 med Covid-19 pandemin." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35259.
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Inom elitidrott beskrivs motivation som något essentiellt för att idrottare ska orka träna och göra det som krävs för att försöka bli bäst i världen. Motivation kan undersökas med hjälp av Self-determination theory där tre grundbehov: autonomi, tillhörighet och kompetens, måste vara uppfyllda för att en inre självbestämmande motivation ska kunna uppnås. Syftet med denna studie var att ta reda på hur elitidrottares motivation förändrades under våren och sommaren 2020 när Covid-19 pandemin satte idrottsvärlden på paus med inställda tävlingar och ett uppskjutet OS. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med individuella elitidrottare genomfördes och analyserades med en teoristyrd tematisk analys. Studien kom fram till att elitidrottarna upplevde att deras grundbehov inom motivation påverkades, både positivt och negativt, av Covid-19 pandemin. Studien bidrar till ökad förståelse för elitidrottares behov under pandemin och inom vilka områden de behöver extra stöd.In elite sports, motivation is described as an essential factor an athlete must have to undergo training and to do what is required to become the world’s best. Motivation can be examined using the Self-determination theory, where three basic needs: autonomy, relatedness and competence must be fulfilled to achieve intrinsic self-determined motivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate how motivation of elite athletes changed during the spring and summer 2020 when the Covid-19 pandemic put the sports world on paus with cancelled competitions and the postponement of the Olympics. Seven semi-structured interviews with elite athletes, competing in individual sports, were conducted, and analysed with a theoretical thematic analysis. This study concluded that the basic needs in motivation of elite athletes were experienced to be both positively and negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study contributes to an increased understanding of the needs of elite athletes during the pandemic and in which areas they need extra support.
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Didymus, Faye F. "Exploring the organizational stress process in sport performers : from theory to practice." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10959.
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The increasing evidence of the organizational demands encountered by sports performers provides a fertile ground for research. There is now a requirement to move beyond describing the organizational stressors that performers encounter in order to understand the complex appraisal and coping processes that athletes engage in when experiencing organizational stress. This thesis aimed to conduct a detailed examination of these processes in high-level sport performers. Chapter 2 describes a narrative review of the extant appraisal literature that has examined the roles of situational and personal influences on appraising. In order to generate a detailed understanding of this literature, the review includes findings from the general, occupational, organizational, and sport psychology literatures. This review was instrumental in determining the direction of the research described in later chapters. Chapter 3 aimed to narrow the focus of the thesis to organizational stress transactions in sport performers and therefore, describes a diary study that explored swimmers appraisals of organizational stressors. The findings of this study provided insight into the complex process of appraisal and suggested that appraisals are related to the situational property of the stressor encountered. In addition, the results pointed to the importance of exploring the coping strategies that athletes use to manage organizational stressors in future research. Chapter 4 describes a narrative review of the literature that has examined athletes ways of coping with organizational stressors. Due to the limited sport psychology research in this area and in order to extend current knowledge in sport, prominent findings from the organizational and occupational psychology domains were considered. Chapter 5 was designed to extend the findings of Chapter 3 and the existing literature by examining the coping strategies that swimmers use in response to organizational stressors. This chapter highlighted the complexity of coping and suggested that appraisal mechanisms are linked to the coping family employed. Chapter 6 aimed to take a more complete approach to examining organizational stress transactions by exploring various components of stress transactions. The study presented in this chapter suggested that the appraisal an athlete makes is influential in determining the performance outcome that they will experience. Collectively, the chapters described above highlighted appraising as the pivotal element in stress transactions and established a rationale for the cognitive-behavioral based intervention that is described in Chapter 7. The study presented in Chapter 7 aimed to alleviate some of the negative outcomes of organizational stress by optimizing sport performers appraisals. The findings suggested that cognitive restructuring was a useful technique for achieving this aim. The program of research presented in this thesis suggests that appraising is the pivotal element of organizational stress transactions in sport and that appraising can be optimized in order to alleviate the negative emotional and performance outcomes of maladaptive appraisals. In addition, the research highlights the importance of considering the situational properties of stressors, the complexity of coping, and the relationships between components of stress transactions in future research. Further, the findings presented within this thesis suggest that future research should aim to make methodological and measurement advances and examine, in detail, performers appraisal and coping processes.
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Nikodýmová, Anna. "Lokální politika a její specifika: případová studie Prahy 16 – Radotína." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201664.
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Although a local policy is a necessary issue for a functioning of a democratic political system, it usually does not stand in the center of common interests. This paper deals with its functioning in Prague 16 where the Civic Democratic Party has won the municipal elections since 1994. The aim of this paper is to find the main factors which led to its winning in the municipal elections in 2014. The main text is divided into three chapters. The first theoretical one concerns with a theory of democracy, civil society and elite theory. The second one describes a creation of a local policy in Prague 16 - namely results of municipal elections since 1994, a way in which local political institutions have been created as well as political parties run for the last municipal elections in 2014. The third chapter deals with an analysis of election results and interviews made with local representatives and councilors.
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Granfield, Mark Howard. "Elite discourse on the political economy of the Royal Navy and British naval sea power : new public management theory as modernisation : back to the future." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15369.
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At the beginning of the twenty-first century a burgeoning global private military sector is increasingly involved in areas of defence and security that, up until recently, were popularly thought of as being within the monopolistic preserve of the nation state. Finding itself at the vanguard of profound political and economic change, today’s Royal Navy is increasingly reliant on relationships with the private sector that only thirty years ago would have seemed unimaginable to many commentators. As naval shipbuilding, dockyard refitting, logistics, training, and even warship ownership and manning, move from a unitary state to an increasingly self-organising private sector bounded by a differentiated and decentered polity, this thesis is concerned with boundaries of elite discourse on legitimacy in the political economy of Royal Navy and British naval sea power and their implications for New Public Management theory. At its core, the study presents original research into the attitudes of fifty elite opinion formers directly concerned with the discourse of Royal Navy modernisation and profiles their ideational boundaries concerning the political economy of force and violence. The thesis makes an original contribution to knowledge by presenting empirically and framing theoretically the ways in which elite naval attitudes to the political economy of legitimated force have changed and are evolving. The research is important because it challenges what many commentators have come to believe to be an a priori function of the nation state, namely, the monopoly use of force, with the actual views of those opinion formers who currently hold positions of power and influence in and around one of its core ‘ideal type’ institutions: the Royal Navy. The research is also significant because in attempting to clarify the conceptual boundaries of this elite discourse, it also presents a powerful critique of New Public Management with reference to the problematic dimensions of time, economic complexity and socio-political power.
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von, Feigenblatt Otto F. "Pan-Asianism, Socio-Cultural Integration, and Regionalism in Greater East Asia| Comparing Emic and Etic Interpretations of Elite Discourse through the Application of Structural Dynamics and Grounded Theory." Thesis, Nova Southeastern University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3570885.
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The present qualitative study explores Pan-Asianism, Socio-Cultural Integration, and Regionalism in Greater East Asia, focusing on the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Japan, China, and South Korea. Following the tradition of critical research, this dissertation compares the models derived by applying two different methodologies, one emic and deductive, and the other etic and inductive. The first part of the study applies Structural Dynamics, a theory developed in the field of Organizational Behavior by Robert Fritz, to the study of formal regionalism in Greater East Asia. Primary documentary government sources such as official Blueprints, Whitepapers, Treaties, and Speeches are analyzed and interpreted in order to identify and explain the core organizational conflicts in the region. An emic interpretation is provided through the development of a middle level grounded theory based on a discursive analysis of a purposive sample of more than fifty prominent regional leaders and intellectuals including but not limited to: Mahathir Mohamad, Lee Kuan Yew, Shintaro Ishihara, King Rama IX, Surin Pitsuwan, Rodolfo C. Severino, Thaksin Shinawatra, and Wang Hui, inter alia. The final section of the study compares and contrasts the explanatory models developed through the emic and etic approaches in order to triangulate the results and ultimately provide a more holistic understanding of the complex phenomena of regional integration in Greater East Asia.
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Orneklint, Sanna. "Den polariserande politikern : En kvalitativ studie av hur Boris Johnson gestaltas i svensk och brittisk press." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-91355.
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The aim of this bachelors thesis has been to examine and analyse the framing used when reporting about Boris Johnson in context with Brexit in both Swedish and British media coverage. The research questions examined in this study were: In what way is Boris Johnson framed in British and Swedish media coverage surrounding Brexit in his first three weeks as prime minister? What could explain the possible differences that occurs between the Swedish and British media coverage? I have in combination with a qualitative text analysis as well as framing theory and news valuation theory analysed material from four major news papers. Two news papers from Sweden, Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet. As well as two from Great Britain, The Guardian UK and The Sun UK. One of each county’s news paper focuses on qualitative and objective journalism and one from each country which can be regarded as a tabloid, evening paper, from these four news papers a total of 12 articles, three from each paper was selected. To arrive at my conclusion every article was analysed trough what frame, conflict, personification or elite person, Boris Johnson was portrayed as well as if the frames felt clear, subtle or well as if any frame could not be found in the text. Through the analysis I found the result to be that every article had personified Boris Johnson with Brexit, even if the article did not directly have a focus on the Brexit conflict. The personification is a constant backgrung trough every individual article. Secondly I found that the frames through which the newspapers portrayed conflict differed, depending from which country the news paper reported from. The Swedish news papers portrayed conflict through a broader perspective, having a stronger focus on Brexit as a concept whilst the British newspaper framed conflict in a much more detailed way. Focusing on more detailed topics with higher interest for the british population.
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Andrén, Martina, and Kalle Averfalk. "Upplevda relationer mellan individuella elitidrottare och deras primära tränare: En prövning av självbestämmandeteorin." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31632.
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Individuell elitidrott kan vara ensamt och motivationen behöver vara stor under en lång period för att prestera på topp och bibehålla träningsmängden. Det har visat sig att tränare är en av de viktigaste influenserna för idrottares motivation. Därmed är syftet med studien att pröva självbestämmandeteorin för att öka förståelsen om hur motivation uppstod under relationer mellan elitidrottare och respektive tränare. Det teoretiska ramverket inkluderar tre psykologiska behov i form av autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet. Behoven behövs för att tillfredsställa inre motivation och välbefinnande hos idrottarna. Det finns även många yttre faktorer som motiverar dem, därför har även yttre regleringar inkluderats. Studien är retrospektiv och totalt genomfördes sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med elitidrottare och tre med deras primära tränare i Sverige. Insamlad empiri bearbetades och analyserades genom en kvalitativ tematisk analys. Ur analysen utvecklades underteman baserat på de tre psykologiska behoven. I resultatet redovisas dessa baserat på relevans utifrån båda perspektiven och exemplifieras av: kommunikation, utveckling, involvering, individanpassning och situationsanpassat ledarskap, uppmärksammas, ge och få respekt och trygghet. Resultatet indikerar på många likheter, få skillnader och att relationerna var uppskattade. Det framkom även att elitidrottarna motiverades av alla tre psykologiska behov och att det existerade en hierarki mellan dem. Autonomi och kompetens var de starkaste behoven och influerade inre motivation och självbestämd yttre motivation mest. Samhörighet var ett mer distalt behov, som ändå visade sig vara viktigt för elitidrottarna. Slutsatsen är att självbestämmandeteorin ökade förståelsen om att regleringsprocesserna bestående av identifierad och integrerad reglering. Dessa var betydelsefulla för elitidrottarnas internalisering av inre- och självbestämd yttre motivation. Prövningen av teorin ledde även till slutsatsen att den kan behövas kompletteras med fler behov eller modeller för att vara ändamålsenlig i en kontext med elitidrottare.Individual elite sports can be lonely, and motivation needs to be great for a long period of time in order to maintain the performance level. Coaches are one of the most important influences of athletes’ motivation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to increase understanding of how motivation arose during relationships between elite athletes and their primary coaches. A comparative design was used, and empirical data based on semi-structured interviews was analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis. The result presents many similarities and few differences based on the athletes’ and coaches’ perspective. Seven themes were developed based on the three psychological needs of SDT: communication, development, involvement, individualized and situational leadership, attention, give and receive respect and feeling secure. Conclusion: A hierarchy was found between the psychological needs and internalizing identified and integrated regulations was important to elite athletes intrinsic and self-determined extrinsic motivation.
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Duvefelt, Hampus, and Martin Rosén. "I Stormens Öga : En kvalitativ studie inspirerad av grundad teori, om väntade förändringar inom elitidrottsföreningar." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21736.
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Adapt or die. En omvärld i ständig rörelse ställer högre krav än någonsin på organisationer att utveckla sitt förändringsarbete och sättet man ser på förändringar, något som lett till att fenomenet "organisationsförändringar" blivit ett fokusområde för organisationsforskare. Inom denna forskning framhävs inte sällan vikten av att ta ställning till hur anställda tar emot, och påverkas av, detta förändringsarbete. En typ av förändringar som dock förblivit outforskade är väntade förändringar, förändringar där de anställda vet att en förändring kan komma att ske men inte när eller hur den kommer ske. Inom idrotten återfinns en viss typ av organisationer, elitidrottsföreningar, som ställs inför väntade förändringar med jämna mellanrum. Dessa situationer uppkommer när föreningarna omplaceras i det standardiserade seriesystem som återfinns i Sverige och ställs inför kraftigt omväxlande ekonomiska förutsättningar. För att kunna hantera denna osäkerhet förutsätts att organisationen konstant står redo att genomföra omvälvande förändringar, enbart baserat på föreningens sportsliga resultat. Syftet med uppsatsen är att skapa en förståelse för de anställdas reaktioner vid situationer av omplacering och väntad förändring. För att uppnå syftet utgick uppsatsen ifrån bristen på forskning och sökte, med hjälp av metoden Grundad teori, producera en serie väl underbyggda frågeställningar baserade i studiens fynd. Frågeställningarna producerades sedan via fyra semi-strukturerade intervjuer inom två olika elitidrottsföreningar. Resultatet visar på att en utbredd acceptans för väntade förändringar återfinns hos anställda inom elitidrottsföreningar. Uppsatsens fynd grundades i data från respondenterna och sammanställdes via en resultatmodell innehållandes en kärnkategori och fyra underkategorier. Uppsatsen erbjuder således, via metodvalet, en nyproducerad infallsvinkel på en situation som många organisationer inom idrotten – men även utanför – kan komma att ställas inför.Adapt or die. With the world around them constantly evolving, organizations are facing more pressure than ever before to develop the way they look at the process of change. This has led to the phenomena "organizational change" becoming popular amongst organizational researchers. Within this research, the perspective of the employee affected by the change is often referred to as important. One type of change that has remained relatively untouched by this research is expected change, meaning change where the employee is aware that change is coming but without knowledge of when or how these changes will occur. Within the realm of sports a type of organization can be found, the elite sporting association, that is forced to deal with expected change from time to time. This occurs when the sporting associations are relocated within the standardized divisional system found in Sweden, resulting in significant changes to the associations economic conditions. To manage this, these organizations are in a constant state of readiness; ready to, at a moments notice, conduct sweeping changes to its structure solely in response to the associations success within the division. The purpose of this essay is to create an understanding of how employees react to situations of divisional relocation and expected change. To achieve this purpose, the essay used the lack of previous research as a starting point and sought to, by use of the qualitative method Grounded Theory, produce a set of relevant questions on the matter, supported by the data. These questions were produced through four semi-structured interviews on two different elite sporting associations. The results indicated a widespread acceptance of expected change among the elite sporting associations employees. Findings of the study were grounded in the data extracted from participants of the study and was presented in a results model containing a core category and four sub-categories. Through its choice of method this essay provides a fresh take on a situation that could affect many organizations, both within the realm of sports and outside it.
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Citron, Albert. "Hidden in Plain Sight: Development and Testing of a Model to Evaluate Political Leadership Tactics." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5918.
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This thesis analyzes the kinds of verbal and nonverbal signals elites manifest to show leadership qualities. Launching from Max Weber's conceptual framework of charisma as a power term and Harold Lasswell's study of propaganda, this study takes a multidisciplinary approach to studying political leadership with elements of communication methodology and an ontological basis in evolutionary psychology. The study's goal is to offer a framework for defining and evaluating the diverse signal patterns employed by political elites in three real-life situations. These are the Malta Summit, the 1992 Virginia Presidential Debate, and the 2012 South Carolina Republican Presidential Primary. The cases were chosen because they display a diverse set of signal variations during different types of interactions.
The three case studies are evaluated by measuring frequency and patterns of occurrence of the five different interaction constructs (indicator of interest, indicator of disinterest, demonstration of high value, demonstration of low value, and compliance testing) to explain different interaction patterns. A simple frequency distribution of the different signals during a given interaction is used to display the empirical findings and to compare patterns across the case studies. This study reveals that the presence of DLV (demonstration of low value) signals weaken an elite's position in relation to other elites and the public while the presence of DHV (demonstration of high value) signals strengthen an elite's position. It is largely the presence, absence, and frequency of these two signals that determines who conveys leadership qualities effectively regardless of leadership style. Studying the signaling patterns of political elites would allow scholars to understand better the kinds of signal patterns and signal frequencies that are used in different types of leadership styles and norm ranges for signals including for political elites belonging to different cultures and subcultures.M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
Political Science; International Studies
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Kronlund, Alexander, and Ljeutrim Makolli. "Spänningen mellan det ideella och kommersiella inom svensk elitfotboll : – En kvalitativ studie om villkoren som utmanar idrottens demokrati." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38608.
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This study aims to explore how individuals who are operating Swedish elite football clubs manage the tension between non-profit and commercial logics, and whether organizational form is important when managing them. The respondents in this study are individuals with positions at the very highest organizational level, and predetermined themes that concern the tension within Swedish elite football were used in the design of the interview guide. The results were then analysed from a new institutional perspective. The outcome showed that elite football clubs tend to use similar strategies when managing the logics regardless of organizational form.Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur individer som är verksamma inom svenska elitfotbollsföreningar hanterar spänningen mellan ideella och kommersiella logiker och om organisationsform har betydelse för hanteringen av dem. Respondenterna i denna studie är individer med befattningar på allra högsta organisatoriska nivå och förutbestämda teman som berör spänningen inom svensk elitfotboll användes vid utformandet av intervjuguiden. Resultaten analyserades sedan ur ett nyinstitutionellt perspektiv. Utfallet visade att elitfotbollsföreningar tenderar att använda likartade strategier vid hanteringen av logikerna oberoende av organisationsform.
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Jönsson, Anton, and Emil Doverlind. "FYSIOTERAPEUTERS UPPLEVELSER AV FAKTORER SOM PÅVERKAR REHABILITERINGEN AV HAMSTRINGSSKADOR HOS ELITFOTBOLLSSPELARE : Kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38888.
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Bakgrund: Hamstringsskada är den vanligaste skadan inom elitfotboll och har hög återfallsrisk. I samband med hamstringsskador är arbetet intensivt då spelaren helst ska vara tillbaka snabbt för att bidra till lagets prestation. Rehabiliteringen behöver trots sin intensitet vara av långsiktig karaktär och förhindra att skadan återkommer i framtiden. Syfte: Att undersöka fysioterapeuters upplevelser av faktorer som påverkar rehabilitering av hamstringsskador hos herrfotbollsspelare i svenska elitfotbollsklubbar. Metod: Kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervjustudie med deskriptiv design. Ett ändamålsenligt urval gjordes och fem fysioterapeuter inom svensk elitfotboll intervjuades. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med en induktiv ansats. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fem kategorier och 19 underkategorier. Kategorierna var fysioterapeutens förutsättningar, spelarens förutsättningar, yttre press, bemötande av spelare och återgångens omständigheter. Med utgångspunkt i fysioterapeuters upplevelser framhålls spelaren, tränaren och den egna kunskapen som de mest betydande faktorerna av rehabiliteringen av hamstringsskador. Slutsats: Upplevelserna kunde kopplas till fysioterapeuten som individ, dess omgivning och beteende. Fysioterapeuterna upplevde att det krävdes anpassning av sitt beteende efter omständigheter i omgivningen för att åstadkomma en lyckosam rehabilitering. Studiens resultat är svårt att generalisera då antalet fysioterapeuter som medverkade i studien var få.Bakground: Hamstring injury is the most common injury in elite football and has a high re- injury rate. The rehabilitation of hamstring injuries are intense since the player should preferably be back quickly to contribute to the team performance. Despite the intensity of the rehabilitation, it needs to be of a long-term perspective and prevent future re-injury. Aim: To explore physiotherapists’ experiences of factors that affect rehabilitation of hamstring injuries in male football players in Swedish elite football clubs. Method: Qualitative semistructured interview study with descriptive design. A purposive sample of five physiotherapists, working with Swedish elite football were interviewed. The data collection was analyzed with qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Result: The analysis resulted in five categories and 19 subcategories. The categories were the physiotherapist’s conditions, the player’s condition, external pressure, approach with the player and the circumstances of the return to play. The physiotherapists’ experienced that the player, the coach and the knowledge of the physiotherapist are the most important factors in rehabilitation of hamstring injuries. Conclusion: Physiotherapists experienced that adaptation of their behavior was required according to the circumstances of the surrounding environment to achieve successfull rehabilitation. The study’s result is difficult to generalize as the number of physiotherapists involved in the study was few.
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Egegård, Andreas, and Ludwig Johansson. "Gymnasieelevers motivation och utbrändhet inom elitidrott : En kvantitativ enkätstudie i Sveriges nationellt godkända idrottsutbildning." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för rörelse, kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6545.
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Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur elever på den nationellt godkända idrottsutbildningen (NIU) motiveras till sin idrott i enlighet med Self-determination Theory och Organismic Integration Theory, med hjälp av en modifierad Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-6). Vidare syftar studien till att undersöka om elever på den nationellt godkända idrottsutbildningen (NIU) upplever utbrändhet, med hjälp av Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Till sist ämnar studien att undersöka om det föreligger något samband mellan elevernas motivation och utbrändhet. Tidigare studier beskriver att elitidrottare har visat sig vara en särskild utsatt population gentemot utbrändhet. Detta på grund av en långvarig press och stress i samband med elitidrott. Metod: Datainsamlingen erhölls med mejlkonversationer mellan författare och NIU gymnasieskolor i Stockholm. 15 NIU gymnasieskolor kontaktades på mejl och 7 av dessa gymnasieskolor deltog i studien. 131 elever som betraktas som elitidrottare deltog i studien genom att besvara ett frågeformulär bestående av 39 påståenden med hjälp av en 7 gradig Likertskala. 24 påståenden utgjordes av SMS-6 och 15 påståenden utgjordes av ABQ. Resultat: De tre högsta noterade medelvärdena utifrån SMS-6 var integrated motivation (M = 5,7), identified motivation (M = 4,9) och introjected motivation (M = 4,7). ABQ medelvärde noterades till (M = 3). De två främsta fynden i studien var en negativ signifikant korrelation mellan integrated motivation (-0,18) och utbrändhet och en positiv signifikant korrelation mellan amotivation och utbrändhet (0,37). Slutsats: Utifrån studiens resultat så verkar det som att höga nivåer av självbestämd motivation motarbetar symptom av utbrändhet. Det verkar också som att låga nivåer av självbestämd motivation framhäver symptom av utbrändhet.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how elite athlete students in Swedish high schools are motivated towards their sports by Self-determination Theory and Organismic Integration Theory, regarding the Modified Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-6). The study further aims to investigate if elite athlete students had developed symptoms of burnout, regarding the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Finally, this study aims to investigate if there exist any correlations between student’s motivation and symptoms of burnout. Studies have reported findings of elite athletes as a special vulnerable group towards symptoms of burnout. Elite athletes train close to their limits, strain themselves to highest achievements. They are also part of that special vulnerable population who may experience symptoms of burnout due to a prolonged stress and pressure associated with elite sports. Methods: Data collection was obtained by emails between the investigators and high schools in Stockholm. 15 sport high schools were contacted by email and 7 of these high schools participated in the study. 131 elite athlete students participated in the study by answering a questionnaire which contained 39 items, specifically 24 items by SMS-6 and 15 items by ABQ. The questionnaire were answered by a 7 point Likert scale. Results: The three highest scored means by SMS-6 was the integrated motivation (M = 5,7), identified motivation (M = 4,9) and introjected motivation (M = 4,7). ABQ measure of burnout was (M = 3). The two major findings in the present study was a negative significant correlation reported for integrated motivation and burnout (-0,18) and a positive significant correlation reported for amotivation and burnout (0,37). Conclusion: By the results in the present study it seems as high levels of self-determinated motivation counteract symptoms of burnout. Thus it also seems as low levels of self-determinated motivation may contribute to symptoms of burnout.
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Kämpfer, Micha. "Ist die Schweiz postdemokratisch? Eine Analyse der Theorie von Colin Crouch /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02602357004/$FILE/02602357004.pdf.
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Tardelli, Luca. "When elites fight : elites and the politics of U.S. military interventions in internal conflicts." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/783/.
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Military intervention in internal conflicts represents a recurrent practice in international history. This thesis provides a theoretical framework for the study of the political and sociological processes that lead political elites to militarily intervene in internal conflicts. Following the renewed interest in political elites both in Sociology and International Relations, the thesis draws on Elite Theory to address the dual nature of political elites as both domestic and international actors. In doing so, it develops a framework for the study of military intervention centred on political elites that overcomes the limits of existing contributions on the subject. In particular, the thesis highlights how interventionary policies are shaped by three overlapping causal antecedents: elites’ contending ideological claims; elites’ struggle for both domestic and international power; and the relationship established by the intervener’s elite with elite and counter- elite groups in the target state. The thesis tests the plausibility of the proposed framework by examining US decisions in three cases: US intervention in the Cuban War of Independence (1898-1902); US intervention in the Russian Civil War (1918- 1920); and US non-intervention in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). This analysis highlights three elements. First, ideological considerations set significant limits to US cooperation with leaders in the target country despite the strategic rationale for cooperation against common enemies. Second, the interplay between international and domestic political considerations represented a fundamental ‘push factor’, shaping the objectives US elites sought. Third, foreign elite groups played a crucial role in ‘pulling’ US interventions, both by representing local allies instrumental to Washington’s objectives and by directly accessing and influencing US decision-making processes. For the same reasons, the lack of these push and pull factors are key to explaining US non-intervention in the Spanish case. Overall, the thesis offers a twofold contribution to the study of military intervention. First, it explores how military intervention permits decision- makers to affect the ‘circulation of elites’ in both their own societies and in other societies. Second, it indicates how military intervention affects the international system by altering ideological homogeneity, international alliances and hierarchical relations between elites.
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Kong, Kwok-hing Albert. "Anisotropic cosmology in einstein-cartan theory /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18812405.
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Caballero, José. "Revisiting regional integration theory : the state and normative elites in Central American regionalisation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2744/.
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The thesis develops a Central Americanised model of regional integration by building on neofunctionalist concepts through the use of a constructivist approach. Distortions, strategic modification and stagnation phases of integration in that region are conventionally attributed, often implicitly, to the “unwillingness” of the governments. The problem with this approach, however, is that it neglects the role of what I identify as Normative Elites in the process. In order to overcome this limitation, the thesis formulates the concept of Social Will, conceptualised as the interplay of the ideas, identity and interest of the Central American normative elites—and it refers to the predisposition or disinclination of these elites to support the integration process. The formulation of social will leads the analysis to re-conceptualise the interaction between the state and normative elites. This reconsideration necessitates the elaboration of modified models of socialisation and norm diffusion—which I label Ideational Drive and Circumscribed-Statist respectively—to reflect certain Central American specificities. Empirically, the thesis assesses the existence and role of both political will and social will in Central America by using discourse analysis of a series of interviews and detailed readings of published position documents. Regarding political will, it identifies a latent integrative strategy and a significant ideational convergence among the participants in the study. It concludes that indeed in that region there is a fair degree of political will. This conclusion is partially supported by the uncovering of Constitutional Regionalism, or the constitutional bestowals of special citizenship status on nationals of other Central American countries, and the inclusion of specific constitutional provisions conducive to integration. The thesis contemplates the existence of social will at two points: the reactivation of the Central American integration process during the 1990s, and in the 2005-08 period. In the first instance, the thesis identifies the leading role that normative elites, through economic groups, played in the reactivation of the process. In that sense, it argues that at that time there existed a degree of social will. In the second instance, the thesis identifies discursive differences among normative elites. One discourse conceives of the region from a Central Americanist view striving for the development of the region and crucially, its people. The other discourse is Instrumentalist aiming at improving the region’s competitive positioning in the global economy. This ideational incongruence signals a limited degree of social will. The thesis concludes by arguing that partial social will delimits and imposes meaning on the spaces wherein the political will could thrive. Hence the process experiences distortions, strategic modifications and stagnant phases.
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Milosavljevic, Aleksandar, and Egzon Hyseni. "En jämförelse mellan eliten och motionären inom fotboll." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35622.
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Arbetet lyfter upp viktiga komponenter hos idrottare gällande deras drivkrafter till att syssla med det dem gör. Varje individ har något som driver dem till att fortsätta med sin idrott, vare sig det är på motionärsnivå eller elitnivå. Arbetet är baserat på self-determination teorin och vi utgår utifrån perspektivet som är bestående av autonomin, samhörighet och kompetens. Det är för att få förståelse över individernas drivkraft och vilken form av motivation som driver de. Under denna studie så intervjuades fyra män med fyra olika bakgrunder samt två olika nivåer bestående av två på motionärsnivå och två på elitnivå inom fotboll. Två av dem utvalda motionärerna spelade i division sex-lag samtidigt universitetsstudier och jobb ingick. Dem två andra var på elitnivå där den ena spelar för stadens lag Malmö FF, och en som spelar fotboll utomlands. Syftet med undersökningen är att studera vad som motiverar både herrelit- och motionärer inom träning och om det finns någon skillnad mellan eliten och dagsmotionären utifrån den självbestämmande teorin (SDT).
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Erdmann, Vera. "Bildung der Elite? eine ökonomische Analyse der deutschen Studiengebühren." Berlin dissertation.de, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992333814/04.
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Marshall, Alasdair J. "An assessment of the model of human personality which is central to Vilfredo Pareto's sociological theory, followed by the development and application of new psychometric measures to determine the extent to which this model is predictive of differences be." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325395.
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Kinch, Croneborg Louise. "Samband mellan målorientering, motivationsklimat, upplevd prestation och tävlingsrelaterad ängslan/oro hos ungdomar i alpin utförsåkning." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-99921.
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Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) utgår ifrån att alla individer vill visa sin kompetens vilket tar sig uttryck i två målinriktningar; ego och task. Individen påverkas av omgivningen som driver ett motivationsklimat som kan uttryckas i samma typer av målinriktning. Motivationsklimatet och målinriktningarna anses påverka hur individen agerar och hanterar t.ex. ängslan/oro och prestation. Denna studie behandlar samband mellan individuella målinriktningar, upplevt motivationsklimat drivet av tränare, träningskamrater och föräldrar, tävlingsrelaterad ängslan/oro och upplevd prestation. Undersökningsdeltagare var femtonåriga svenska ungdomar som tävlade i alpin utförsåkning (N=56). Multipel regressionsanalys användes för att analysera samband och signifikanta förklaringsvarianser. Störst bidrag från omgivningen på tävlingsrelaterad ängslan/oro verkade mammor ha (negativt bidrag). Kamrater var viktigare för individen än övrigt socialt stöd. Den alpina gruppen var mer ego-orienterad jämfört med resultat i studier med andra ungdomar i samma ålder och uppvisade en individuell målorientering som snarare motsvarade äldre elitidrottares, samtidigt som den relativt sett skattade ett lägre taskinriktat motivationsklimat
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Malone, Chad Allen. "A Socio-Historical Analysis of U.S. State Terrorism from 1948 to 2008." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1216592463.
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Schiffner, Ryan. "Making democracy safe for the world a game theory analysis of the impact of elites on the democratization process." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FSchiffner.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Gregg, Heather S. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 29, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59). Also available in print.
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Park, Gil-Hwan. "Economic and Social Networks: Impacts on Regional Economic Outcomes and Concentrations." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1264534311.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cleveland State University, 2009.Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jan. 27, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-203). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center and also available in print.
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Sanchez, José Paulo de Angelo. "As elites organizacionais e o discurso da flexibilidade : uma análise sob a perspectiva das relações de poder." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7441.
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Generally speaking, the evolution of organizational behavior has been analyzed almost exclusively from the economic and technological transformations point of view. According to this perspective, firms are transformed by market forces as they struggle to adapt to customers’ demands in order to become more competitive and to survive and thrive. This viewpoint neglects the influence of powerful interests institutionalized in society, which manifests themselves inside firms through the actuation of organizational elites. Based on the study of organizational elites and the power relations they establish we are able to achieve a better understanding of factors that determine organizational behavior. With the advent of continuous transformations to which companies have been submitted with the stated purpose of giving them greater flexibility in the face of increasingly competitive markets, the old static organizational structures began to give way to network organizations, more susceptible to restructuring in order to suit economic interests. This flexible organizational environment would require also flexible professionals, averse to excessive specialization, which could hinder them the freedom to move through the organizational network seeking for new opportunities. The changes associated with this flexibility discourse, in turn, may offer opportunities to favoring not declared interests of the organizational elites. In this sense, the subject of our study is how the flexibility discourse might be used instrumentally by organizational elites in their internal disputes for leading positions in companies. More to the point, the question that we propose to investigate is: ‘would it be possible to identify in the behavior of members of organizational elites some evidence of the usage of the flexibility discourse as a tool to compete for command positions within organizations?’ It is not our intention to answer that question categorically, but to advance in the understanding of this topic through a reflection based on theoretical and empirical evidence. In order to seek possible answers we have investigated the careers of business consultants who worked for a multinational consulting company operating in Brazil. We have found that having worked for a renowned business consulting company represents a significant shortcut for executive positions in organizations from several industries, especially if coupled with an MBA title by some prominent American or European business school. This can be taken as an evidence that the flexibility discourse is aligned to the interests of organizational elites, to the extent that it legitimizes their claims to rise to positions of power in organizations without going through the lengthy path required by the assimilation of specific knowledge of each type of activity or industry.
Em geral a evolução do comportamento organizacional tem sido analisada preponderantemente sob o ponto de vista das transformações econômicas e tecnológicas. Segundo essa perspectiva as empresas se transformam impulsionadas pelas forças de mercado, na tentativa de se adaptarem às demandas dos consumidores e assim se tornarem mais competitivas, de modo a sobreviver e prosperar. Essa visão negligencia a influência dos interesses poderosos institucionalizados na sociedade e que se manifestam dentro das empresas através da atuação das elites organizacionais. A partir do estudo das elites organizacionais e das relações de poder estabelecidas por elas podemos ter um melhor entendimento dos fatores que determinam o comportamento organizacional. Com o advento das transformações contínuas às quais as empresas têm sido submetidas com o propósito declarado de conferir-lhes maior flexibilidade em face à competitividade crescente dos mercados, as antigas estruturas organizacionais estáticas passaram a dar lugar às organizações em rede, mais susceptíveis a reestruturações, conforme a conveniência dos interesses econômicos. Esse ambiente organizacional flexível demandaria profissionais também flexíveis, avessos à especialização excessiva, que poderia tolher-lhes a liberdade de mover-se pela rede organizacional em busca de novas oportunidades. As transformações associadas a esse discurso da flexibilidade, por sua vez, podem oferecer oportunidades ao favorecimento de interesses não declarados das próprias elites organizacionais. Nesse sentido, o tema de nosso estudo é a forma como o discurso da flexibilidade pode ser utilizado instrumentalmente pelas elites organizacionais em suas disputas internas por posições de comando nas empresas. Mais objetivamente, a questão que nos propomos a investigar é: 'seria possível identificar no comportamento de integrantes das elites organizacionais evidências ou indícios da utilização do discurso da flexibilidade como um recurso para a disputa por posições de poder no interior das organizações?’ Não é nossa pretensão responder a essa pergunta de forma categórica, mas sim avançar no entendimento deste tema através de uma reflexão embasada em evidências teóricas e empíricas. Para buscar possíveis respostas investigamos a trajetória profissional de consultores de negócios que trabalharam numa empresa de consultoria multinacional em operação no Brasil. Constatou-se que a passagem por uma renomada empresa de consultoria de negócios representa um atalho significativo para os cargos executivos em organizações dos mais variados setores de atividade, principalmente quando associada a um título de MBA por alguma escola de negócios norte-americana ou europeia de destaque. Isto pode ser considerado uma evidência de que o discurso da flexibilidade se alinha aos interesses das elites organizacionais ao legitimar suas pretensões de ascender a posições de poder nas organizações sem precisar percorrer o demorado trajeto necessário à assimilação dos conhecimentos específicos de cada tipo de atividade ou negócio, o que implicaria em sujeitar-se a uma longa carreira a partir de escalões subalternos. .
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Idrees, Inaam. "Cliques and elites : inter-organisational knowledge sharing across five star hotels in the Saudi Arabian religious tourism and hospitality industry : a grounded theory study." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1944/.
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This research project is an exploratory, qualitative study focusing on knowledge sharing practices from an inter-organisational perspective in a context where organizations engage simultaneously in competitive and cooperative relationships. It addresses the lack of prior empirical research on the paradoxical competitive-cooperative environment of the tourism and hospitality industry and the need for theories in this area, which has been largely neglected by the discipline of Knowledge Management. This study deploys a four stage research design based on Grounded Theory principles. Throughout the first three stages a series of semi-structured interviews with hotel managers in the city of Madinah was conducted and analysed simultaneously as expected in the Grounded Theory approach. The result is a theory of knowledge sharing practices among five star hotels for the religious tourism and hospitality industry of Saudi Arabia. The research analysed the formation of a clique of five star hotels, which engage in intense cooperation despite the fact that they are competitors. Informal membership of the clique was found to be restricted by similarity, competition and status, and took place within the context of a market structure known as oligopoly. This type of market is characterized by few suppliers, a strategic interdependence between these competing suppliers, and a state of tension between actions that will benefit them individually and what will benefit the industry as a whole. Collective advantages benefit all clique members, and include areas such as standardisation, in which the hotels align their service levels and average out their prices; bargaining, with outside bodies, such as suppliers or industry regulators; and image promotion of the five star hotel market; finally, they also seek to assist each other by circulating amongst themselves details of potential and unwanted employees whom they wish to market to their fellow clique members, as well as information regarding troublesome clients. Thus, there exists interdependence between five-star hotels, which stems from the fact that there are few of them and each with a large share of the market. As a result, each hotel faces a conflict between the wish to compete - by seeking to increase market share and maximize profits independently - and the possibilities of cooperation with other, similar hotels, whereby all can jointly maximize profits and jointly protect their elite status. The theoretical model produced in this research places great emphasis upon the existence of this cooperative-competitive tension. A theoretical contribution of the model is the employment of oligopoly theory, to explain the way in which inter-organisational knowledge sharing occurs within this context. Another contribution is that it develops an analysis based on elements of game theory, particularly the Prisoner's Dilemma. As is predicted in the Prisoner's Dilemma, there are short-term gains to be met by agreeing to one course of action and then following another, as long as other firms do not deploy the same tactics. However, the same theory illustrates the mutual benefits of cooperation, which work to build bridges and create a basis for long-term success and protect and maintain the elite status of the clique. Accordingly, this research demonstrates that, similar to successful strategies within the Prisoner's Dilemma, hotels choose to cooperate because it is a better long-term strategy than seeking to divide the market through competition.
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Kentia, Tonleu Klebert [Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Becherer, Romuald [Akademischer Betreuer] Elie, and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Imkeller. "Robust aspects of hedging and valuation in incomplete markets and related backward SDE theory / Klebert Kentia Tonleu. Gutachter: Dirk Becherer ; Romuald Elie ; Peter Imkeller." Berlin : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1096286173/34.
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Julian, Erica Ambiel. "A internacionalização de empresas brasileiras e recrutamento de seus executivos: estudo de caso do grupo Gerdau." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1025.
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Previous issue date: 2013-10-02Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The present research seeks to explore the influence of international studies inside companies, this study is about managers hiring for transnational companies. The globalization of Brazilian businessare driven by the desire ofnew markets and growth capital, motivate by some Brazilian companies that occupy space in the global scenario. This is a result of several factors that make easy the transition of knowledge and managerial, people and capital, creating an open world market, and to receive strong competitors who aspire to work globally with consumers and employees. The consequences for thisprocess described are diverse within the internal scenarios in each country, both for those countries that receive foreign capital,or for those countries that allow the entry of foreign products, and for those who seek new horizons. Professionals who hold positions within these organizations turn into an international model. Their executives modify the professional profile of the field, transforming the way of hiring their successors to meet international requirements. The arrival of foreign structures to local, and mainly local expertise, renews the perception that agents have on the field of disputes, best professional positions in the job market also propose changes in the type of trajectory and how they make choices for desire positions of importance. Thus, besides the economic and cultural aspects surrounding the circulation of companies, it is interesting to note the changes in the social environment and internal policy related. To better understand the phenomenon described, was used this research in the Metalúrgica Gerdau S.A., its employees and its history.
A pesquisa procura explorar a influência de estudos internacionais no recrutamento de profissionais para postos de gerência, por empresas que passaram pelo processo de internacionalização. A expansão de empresas brasileiras, impulsionada pelos anseios de conquistar novos mercados e pelo crescimento de capital, causou um forte direcionamento de algumas empresas brasileiras em ocupar espaço no cenário global. Essa tendência é resultado de diversos fatores que facilitam o trânsito de conhecimentos e ferramentas gerenciais, pessoas e capital, criando um mercado mundial aberto à receber competidores fortes e que aspiram trabalhar em nível mundial com consumidores e trabalhadores. As consequências para o processo descrito são variadas dentro dos cenários internos de cada país, tanto para aqueles países que recebem capital estrangeiro, ou que permitem a entrada de produtos estrangeiros, quanto para aqueles que buscam novos horizontes através de seus representantes econômicos. Os profissionais que exercem cargos dentro das organizações que se transnacionalizam obedecem a um modelo internacional. Acompanhando as transformações nas empresas brasileiras, seus executivos modificam o perfil profissional do campo, transformando a forma de recrutamento de seus sucessores para atender às exigências internacionais. A vinda de estruturas alheias à cultura local e, principalmente, às expertises locais renova a percepção que os agentes têm sobre o campo das disputas por melhores posições profissionais no mercado de trabalho, causando mudanças também no tipo de trajetória de formação escolhida por aqueles que almejam cargos de importância. Dessa forma, além dos aspectos econômicos e culturais que envolvem a chegada ou envio de empresas, fábricas, pessoas e conhecimento estrangeiro aos países, é interessante ressaltar as transformações no ambiente social e político internos relativos. Para melhor entendimento do fenômeno descrito, foi usado o Grupo Gerdau S.A., seus funcionários e sua história.