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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Elongation of the material

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Academic literature on the topic 'Elongation of the material'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Encina, Ericson, Yiqiu Lu, and Richard S. Henry. "Axial elongation in ductile reinforced concrete walls." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 49, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.49.4.305-318.

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Axial elongation has been observed during tests of reinforced concrete (RC) members subjected to either monotonic or cyclic loading. The implications of elongating plastic hinges in beams on the seismic performance of RC frame buildings, and in particular the floor systems, has been extensively studied. However, few investigations have addressed axial elongation of RC walls. To expand on the existing knowledge of axial elongation in RC members, the measured axial elongations of 13 previously tested RC walls were investigated. These tests included a wide range of vertical reinforcement ratios, vertical reinforcement layouts, and axial loads. The procedures to estimate wall elongation that were proposed in the Public Comment Draft Amendment No. 3 of the New Zealand Concrete Structures Standard (NZS 3101:2006) were also evaluated and compared against the measured elongations from the tests. The experimental results showed that elongation magnitudes in the analysed walls were between 0.4-0.8% of the wall length at 1.5% lateral drift, and that the elongation equations proposed for NZS 3101:2006 provided an acceptable estimation of the expected elongation in RC walls. Additionally, numerical models were developed using distributed-plasticity fibre-based elements in OpenSees and membrane elements in VecTor2 to verify the ability of these commonly used modelling techniques to capture wall elongation. The numerical simulations were able to represent the global and local behaviour with good accuracy and both models were able to capture the peak elongations. However, the more sophisticated concrete material models in OpenSees allowed the fibre element models to more accurately represent the experimental wall elongations, especially when considering residual elongations.

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Stamps, Arthur E. "Elongation and Enclosure." Perceptual and Motor Skills 101, no. 1 (August 2005): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.101.1.303-308.

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Previous work suggested that elongation, horizontal area, and the boundary material might influence impressions of enclosure. This article describes an experiment in which these three factors were crossed. Ratings of open/enclosed by 15 respondents on 16 plazas indicated that the elongation ratio (range: 1:1 up to 1:1.8) had the strongest effect on impressions of enclosure (18% of variance). Horizontal area (12.25 m2 vs 49 m2) area accounted for 3% of variance. The amount of variance attributable to boundary material (plants vs walls) was an order of magnitude smaller (0.3%).

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Singh, Rupinder, Ranvijay Kumar, Ilenia Farina, Francesco Colangelo, Luciano Feo, and Fernando Fraternali. "Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of Sustainable Innovative Materials and Structures." Polymers 11, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010062.

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This paper highlights the multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) route for manufacturing of innovative materials and structures. Three different recycled thermoplastics, namely acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) (with different Young’s modulus, glass transition temperature, rheological properties), have been selected (as a case study) for multi-material AM. The functional prototypes have been printed on fused deposition modelling (FDM) setup as tensile specimens (as per ASTM D638 type-IV standard) with different combinations of top, middle, and bottom layers (of ABS/PLA/HIPS), at different printing speed and infill percentage density. The specimens were subjected to thermal (glass transition temperature and heat capacity) and mechanical testing (peak load, peak strength, peak elongation, percentage elongation at peak, and Young’s modulus) to ascertain their suitability in load-bearing structures, and the fabrication of functional prototypes of mechanical meta-materials. The results have been supported by photomicrographs to observe the microstructure of the analyzed multi-materials.

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Luo, Han Pin, Fa Cai Qiu, Quan Hui Sun, Jian Bo Cao, Shi Ju E, and Jia Jun Chen. "Experimental Research on Dielectric Elastomer Power Generation." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.927.

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Dielectric elastomer functional materials are new polymer with excellent performance, particularly suitable for power generation of low frequency and large deformation energy source. Based on the dielectric elastomer film material structure, the power generation principle of dielectric elastomer material was discussed, and the influence on the electrical conversion efficiency from elastomer material elongation and area was analyzed by the experiments. The results show that output charge voltage was directly proportional to the size and elongation of the material. This provides the basis for dielectric elastomer material application in the electricity generation.

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Bass, Lindsey, Nicholas Alexander Meisel, and Christopher B. Williams. "Exploring variability of orientation and aging effects in material properties of multi-material jetting parts." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 5 (August 15, 2016): 826–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-11-2015-0169.

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Purpose Understanding how material jetting process parameters affect material properties can inform design and print orientation when manufacturing end-use components. This study aims to explore the robustness of material properties in material jetted components to variations in processing environment and build orientation. Design/methodology/approach The authors characterized the properties of six different material gradients produced from preset “digital material” mixes of polypropylene-like (VeroWhitePlus) and elastomer-like (TangoBlackPlus) materials. Tensile stress, modulus of elasticity and elongation at break were analyzed for each material printed at three different build orientations. In a separate ten-week study, the authors investigated the effects of aging in different lighting conditions on material properties. Findings Specimens fabricated with their longest dimension along the direction of the print head travel (X-axis) tended to have the largest tensile strength, but trends in elastic modulus and elongation at break varied between the rigid and flexible photopolymers. The aging study showed that the ultimate tensile stress of VeroWhitePlus parts increased and the elongation decreased over time. Material properties were not significantly altered by lighting conditions. Research limitations/implications Many tensile specimens failed at the neck region, especially for the more elastomeric parts. It is hypothesized that this is due to the material jetting process approximating curves with a pixelated droplet arrangement, instead of curved contour as seen in other additive manufacturing processes. A new tensile specimen design that performs more consistently with elastomer-like materials should be considered. The aging component of this study is focused solely on polypropylene-like (VeroWhitePlus) material; additional research into the effects of aging on multiple composite materials is needed. Originality/value The study provides the first known description of orientation effects on the mechanical behavior of photopolymers containing varied concentrations of elastomeric (TangoBlackPlus) material. The aging study presents the first findings on how time affects parts made via material jetting.

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Higashi, Kenji. "Maximum Elongation of Superplastic Materials." Materia Japan 36, no. 12 (1997): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.36.1131.

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Dutta, Krishna, and Kalyan Kumar Ray. "Deformation Behaviour of Asymmetrically Fatigue Cycled Metallic Materials." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.741.

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This investigation aims to examine the influence of asymmetric fatigue cycling on the nature of strain accumulation and its influence on post fatigue tensile properties of three materials namely 6063 aluminum alloy, interstitial free steel and α-brass. The results highlight that strain accumulation provides improvement in yield and tensile strength of the investigated materials, with associated reduction in their %uniform elongation. However, %total elongation is found to be strong function of post-necking elongation which is governed by substructural features of the ratcheted material. Increase in strength values has been correlated with increased cyclic damage of the materials.

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Hegyi, Dezső, István Sajtos, and György Sándor. "Long-Term Strain Measuring of Technical Textiles by Photographic Method." Materials Science Forum 537-538 (February 2007): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.537-538.381.

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The technical textiles are very sensitive materials. To measure the elongation of such a material needs special care. A photographic procedure has been investigated to measure the plain elongation of textile specimens. It is especially suitable for long-term measuring programs. Some experimental results measured by the described method are published.

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Pan, Long, Jin Zhu Tan, Liu Fei Fan, and Xue Mei Han. "Effect of Carbon Black Reinforcing Fillers on Mechanical Properties of NBR Materials Used for the Progressing Cavity Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 750 (April 2015): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.750.339.

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Three kinds of reinforcing fillers (i.e. carbon black N330, carbon black N880 and carbon-white) were used to study effect of the reinforcing fillers on the mechanical properties of NBR materials. The NBR materials with various reinforcing fillers were fabricated, and the mechanical property tests were performed in this work. The results show that the carbon black N330 made the NBR material have better tensile strength, hardness, elongation and compression elastic modulus compared to the carbon black N880 and the carbon-white, while the carbon-white made NBR material have better heat resistance, tear strength and elongation compared to the carbon black N330 and the carbon black N880. In addition, the tensile strength, tear strength, elongation and the heat resistance property of the NBR materials increased significantly with the increase of the carbon-white, but the compression elastic modulus decreased with the increase of the carbon-white.

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Dundu, Morgan, and Sebastian Rupieper. "Influence of material properties on the elongation of tendons." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 168, no. 8 (August 2015): 608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/stbu.14.00004.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Kataoka, Kazuya. "Alginate, a bioresorbable material derived from brown seaweed, enhances elongation of amputated axons of spinal cord in infant rats." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147554.

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McLaughlin, Jacob Ryan. "Control of swelling, electrochemical, and elongation properties of photopolymers through the modification of structure." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6205.

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Modifying photopolymer structure on the molecular and nanoscale level permits tailoring materials for use in a wide variety of applications. Understanding the fundamentals behind polymer structure at these levels permits the control of material properties. This work gains insight into the modification of structure on two levels, the nanoscale by use of structure templates and the molecular scale through the modification of polymer network formation. Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) are a type of self-assembling surfactant system, which in combination with photopolymerization can be used to template ordered nanostructure within polymer materials. This structure can be controlled and utilized to influence the properties of a polymer material. This research examines materials used as templating agents and the types of nanostructures that may be obtained. Additionally, their effects upon the LLC templating process and material properties is determined. Structured polymers are created using LLC templates in pursuit of materials for use in water purification processes and electrochemical devices. Through a more complete understanding of the fundamentals of the templating process, the work presented here extends the LLC templating technique to a greater variety of materials and applications in the water remediation and energy storage fields. The second portion of this research is the use of reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) to modify photopolymer networks. RAFT agents are utilized to control the propagation reaction to create networks with increased homogeneity between network crosslinks. By increasing the uniformity of the polymer network, increases in polymer elongation and toughness as well as decreases in polymer modulus are observed. The effects of RAFT agent addition on the network formation and the final properties of the photopolymer is examined. By understanding the mechanisms behind this modification technique, photopolymers can be extended into new applications where increased elongation and toughness is valued.

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V, Venkataramanan. "Material characterization in elongational flows /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487943610784079.

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Hwang, Fengtai Mark. "Material characterization of agricultural and industrial solutions and melts in elongational processes /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488202171194385.

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Ahirwal, Deepak. "Large deformation shear and elongation rheology of polymers for electrospinning and other Industrial Processes." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01065971.

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The goals of this thesis are the characterization of polymer melts using mainly non-linear shear and extensional rheological techniques. The fabrication of scaffolds with excellent physical and mechanical properties using solution electrospinning technology for tissue engineering applications and the development of melt electrospinning equipment to facilitate the fabrication of solvent free scaffolds. To achieve the first goal, we focused on the characterization of entangled polymer melts in the linear and nonlinear viscoelastic regimes. The influence of molecular weight, Mw, molecular weight distribution (MWD), long-chain branching (LCB) and addition of particles to the polymer matrix on polymer melt properties were investigated using shear and extensional rheological techniques. The resulting structure-property relationships were established using newly introduced mechanical parameters under large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) flow.

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ABDU, ALINE AMARAL QUINTELLA. "ELONGATIONAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11520@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Os materiais termoplásticos compósitos, tais como o polipropileno reforçado com fibras de vidro curtas, são usados cada vez mais em diversos setores industriais. O reforço da fibra de vidro é uma forma utilizada para melhorar as propriedades mecânicas dos termoplásticos, devido ao elevado módulo das fibras e à melhor adesão entre as fibras e a matriz polimérica. No entanto, há poucas informações referentes às propriedades desses fluidos na literatura. No presente trabalho, um estudo das propriedades cisalhantes e elongacionais do polipropileno reforçado com fibras de vidros curtas é apresentado. As viscosidades cisalhantes e elongacionais foram obtidas em um reômetro capilar através da medição da queda de pressão na entrada convergente de um capilar axissimétrico. Utilizaram-se duas geometrias diferentes na entrada do capilar, para a obtenção dos dados experimentais: as geometrias semi-hiperbólica convergente e cônica convergente. Neste último, a viscosidade elongacional foi obtida a partir da queda de pressão na entrada, utilizando as análises de Cogswell e Binding. Simulações numéricas foram realizadas com o objetivo de investigar o comportamento do polipropileno em um processo de extrusão. As equações de conservação de massa e quantidade de movimento foram resolvidas utilizando o método dos elementos finitos a partir do programa comercial Polyflow (Ansys). Para modelar o comportamento da mecânico viscoelástico do polipropileno foram utilizados os modelos de Maxwell, Oldroyd-B e Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT), no entanto a comparação entre os resultados numéricos e os experimentais obtidos no reômetro capilar não apresentaram concordância satisfatória.
Composite thermoplastic materials, like glass fiber reforced polypropropylene, are used increasingly in several industries. In particular, glass fiber reinforcement is used to improve the mechanical properties of thermoplastics, due to the high fiber modulous and to the better adesion between the fibers and the polymeric matrix. However, few data of material properties of these fluids are avaiable in the literature. In this work, a study of shear and elongational properties of a commercial short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene is presented. The shear and elongational viscosities were obtained using the pressure drop measured at a capillary rheometer, with axisymmetric converging dies. Two different die geometries were used: semihyperbolically convergent dies and conical convergent dies. In the last case, the elongational viscosity was obtained using the Cogswell and Binding analysis. Numerical simulations were also performed, to investigate the flow field through the extrusion die process, and to evaluate the pressure drop and elongational viscosity. The conservation equations of mass and momentum were solved via the finite element method, using the commercial program POLYFLOW (Ansys). The Maxwell, Oldroyd B and Phan Thien-Tanner (PTT) constitutive equations were used to model the viscoelastic mechanical behavior of Polypropylene, but the comparison between numerical results and experimental data obtained from the capillary rheometer did not show good agreement.

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Kangas, J. (Jarmo). "Outcome of total Achilles tendon rupture repair, with special reference to suture materials and postoperative treatment." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284342.

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Abstract The purposes of the present research were to compare the outcome after Achilles tendon rupture repair in two postoperative regimens, to compare Achilles tendon elongation in two postoperative treatment methods, to compare the effects of two postoperative methods on motor performance aspects such as simple reaction time, choice reaction time, speed of movement, foot tapping speed and coordination, to test the mechanical properties of the recently developed poly-L/D-lactide (PLDLA) sutures and Maxon® sutures when implanted in the Achilles tendons of rabbits, and to study the histological tissue reactions and biodegradation of these sutures under the same conditions. Isokinetic calf muscle strength scores at the last control check-up were excellent in 56% of the patients in the early motion group, good in 32%, fair in 8%, and poor in 4%, whereas the scores in the cast group were excellent in 29% of cases, good in 50% and fair in 21%. The ankle performance scores were excellent or good in 88% of the patients in the early motion group, fair in 4% and poor in 8%, whereas the scores in the cast group were excellent or good in 92% of cases and fair in 8%. No significant differences were seen between the two groups at 3 months and at the last control checkups with regard to pain, stiffness, subjective calf muscle weakness, footwear restrictions, range of ankle motion, isokinetic calf muscle strength or overall outcome. The complications included 1 re-rupture in the early motion group and 1 deep infection and 2 re-ruptures in the cast group. AT elongation occurred in both groups, but was somewhat less marked in the early motion group. The AT elongation curves rose at first and then fell slowly in both groups. The patients who had less AT elongation achieved a better clinical outcome. AT elongation did not correlate significantly with age, body mass index or isokinetic peak torques. The recovery of motor performance functions such as simple reaction time, choice reaction time, speed of movement, foot tapping speed and coordination did not depend on the two postoperative regimens. The motor functions of the operated leg had obviously recovered to the level of the non-operated leg 12 weeks after the operation. Sutures made of PLDLA were used successfully for Achilles tendon repair in rabbits. There was no significant difference between the in vitro and in vivo tensile strength retention of the sutures. By comparison with Maxon®, PLDLA was found to have a lower initial tensile strength but more prolonged strength retention. The breaking strength values of the Achilles tendons repaired with sutures of these types were not significantly different at 6 weeks. Intratendinous PLDLA sutures formed a thinner fibrous capsule during the 12-week follow-up period than did Maxon® sutures of the same diameter. The suture materials had not been totally absorbed by 12 weeks.

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Langer, Jiří. "Stanovování mechanických vlastností lehkých kovů a jejich slitin a kompozitů pomocí protlačovacích zkoušek na miniaturních discích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231481.

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The aim of diploma thesis is estimate mechanical properties (yield strength, maximum strength and elongation) of light alloys by means of SPT. For the experiments were selected aluminium alloys (Al 2024, Al 6082 T6, Al 7020 and NASA 398) magnesium alloys (MgZnMn, AZ31, AZ61) and composites (AZ91 + 20 % saffilu a Al + Al4C3). Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on analysis of conversion formulas, which were made from SPT data and conventional testing. Experimental part is dedicated to evaluation of experimental data and critical analysis validity of conversion formulas. In this part of thesis is discused the problematics of reproducibility methodology of SPT.

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Chen, Menglin. "Studies of Translation Elongation and its Relationship to Transcription Elongation in Bacteria." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586468314499281.

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Buchan, J. Ross. "Control of translation elongation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440061.

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Previous pilot studies had identified markedly biased usage of codon pairs within ORFs of E. coli, S. cerevisiae and C. albicans, suggestive that codon pair usage may generally regulate translation elongation in some way. In this work, comprehensive analyses of coding sequences of multiple genomes revealed that biased usage of codon pairs is universal, and that a tetranucleotide sequence spanning the last position of the P-site codon and all nucleotides in the A-site codon underlies this selection. Furthermore, in S. cerevisiae, S. pombe, B. subtilis and members of the gamma-protobacteria family (including E. coli), interactions between the A-site tRNA and the 3^rd position nucleotide of the P-site codon, act as a key selective force driving codon pair selection. Analysis revealed A-site tRNA sequences in the anticodon stem loop and the amino acid acceptor stem that positively and negatively contribute to codon pair selection in a variety of prokaryotes. tRNA availability, coupled with usage of codons in ORFs, is yet another key regulation point in elongation. Previous studies in prokaryotes have suggested that the encounter of repeated runs of rare codons by elongating ribosomes can lead to processivity errors (e.g. ribosomal drop off, frameshifting) due to the depletion of charged tRNA levels. However, the effects of such ‘polycodon’ sequences upon eukaryotic elongating ribosomes are unknown. In this work, reporter mRNAs containing both rare and common polycodon sequences were expressed and the consequential effects on gene expression observed. Several key findings emerged from this work. Firstly, repeated runs of rare and common codons inserted in frame between two fused reporter genes caused reduced expression of the 3’ ORF reporter activity. Evidence was obtained indicating a novel proteolysis event acted between the two reporter enzyme domains, as well as preliminary evidence for ribosomal drop off. Finally, a novel +1 frameshifting motif involving CGG polycodon sequences was identified.

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Books on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Furter, R. Strength and elongation testing. Manchester: Textile Institute, 1985.

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Tensioning of tendons: Force-elongation relationship. London: T. Telford, 1986.

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Nguyen, Tuan Quoc. Flexible Polymer Chains in Elongational Flow: Theory and Experiment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999.

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Quint, Thomas. Elongation of the core in an assignment game. Stanford, Calif: Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University, 1987.

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Brockwell, David John. The inhibition of elongation factor Tu by kirromycin. Manchester: UniversityofManchester, 1996.

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Györgydeák, Zoltán. Monosaccharide sugars: Chemical synthesis by chain elongation, degradation, and epimerization. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998.

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Györgydeák, Zoltán. Monosaccharide sugars: Chemical synthesis by chain elongation, degradation, and epimerization. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998.

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Ketukangan: Kesadaran material = Craftsmanship : material conciousness. Jakarta, Indonesia: PT Imaji Media Pustaka, 2014.

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D. P. S. T. G. Attanayaka. Molecular cloning, characterisation and manipulation of the Rubber Elongation Factor gene from Hevea brasiliensis. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1992.

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Quirós, J. Ma Muñoz. Material reservado. Madrid: Visor, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Barnett, Matthew R. "Texture, Twinning and Uniform Elongation of Wrought Magnesium." In Materials Science Forum, 1079–84. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-975-x.1079.

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Xu, X. F., X. J. Zhao, Y. F. Ai, M. H. Liang, and H. J. Zhang. "Study on Tensile Test Elongation Variation Law for High-Strength Steel Material." In Proceedings of the International Field Exploration and Development Conference 2018, 1472–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7127-1_139.

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Herath, Chathura Nalendra, Bok Choon Kang, Jong Kwang Park, Yong Hwang Roh, and Beong Bok Hwang. "Breaking Elongation Properties of Hybrid Yarns by Commingling Process." In Materials Science Forum, 337–40. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-421-9.337.

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Gil Sevillano, J., D. González, and J. M. Martínez-Esnaola. "Heterogeneous Deformation and Internal Stresses Developed in BCC Wires by Axisymmetric Elongation." In Materials Science Forum, 75–84. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-434-0.75.

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Hur, Bo Young, Sang Hun Cho, and Sang Youl Kim. "Effect of Skin Pass Mill Elongation on Characteristics of Surface Friction and Formability." In Materials Science Forum, 261–64. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-966-0.261.

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Tsuchida, N., H. Nakano, and T. Inoue. "Effect of Ferrite Grain Size on Local Elongation in a Low Carbon Steel." In Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, 603–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9_74.

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Gu, Feng Long, Bernard Kirtman, and Yuriko Aoki. "Elongation Method: Towards Linear Scaling for Electronic Structure of Random Polymers and other Quasilinear Materials." In Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 175–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2853-2_9.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Elongation." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 264. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4347.

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Arnemann, J. "Elongation." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_3471-1.

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Proske, Uwe, David L. Morgan, Tamara Hew-Butler, Kevin G. Keenan, Roger M. Enoka, Sebastian Sixt, Josef Niebauer, et al. "Elongation." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 279. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2331.

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Conference papers on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Howes, Meghan K., and Warren N. Hardy. "Material Properties of the Post-Mortem Stomach in High-Rate Equibiaxial Elongation." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80842.

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Risk of serious abdominal injury in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) is substantially reduced with the proper use of seatbelts [1]. However, a significant increase in occurrence of gastrointestinal tract injury exists with belt loading [2]. Crash-induced injuries of the stomach that occur in MVCs include gastric rupture and laceration [3]. To characterize the biomechanical response of the stomach associated with these failure modes, the multidirectional failure properties of cruciate tissue samples were investigated with high-rate biaxial stretch.

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Chen, Xiaoming, David A. Wagner, Dan Q. Houston, and Ronald P. Cooper. "Elongation Variability of AM60 Die Cast Specimens." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61711.

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Tensile properties of die cast magnesium AM60 were investigated by testing tensile bar specimens obtained from three sources. The first series of tensile bars were cut from eight locations from multiple copies of a die cast magnesium AM60 automotive instrument panel beam. The second series were cut from six-inch square AM60 die cast plates in both the parallel and perpendicular to the flow direction. The last series of specimens were die cast AM60 tensile bars. The measured yield stress did not significantly depend on the specimen source and matched published values. However, the elongation as determined by the engineering strain at break in the tensile test varied significantly for samples cut from the automotive instrument panel beams and those cut from the six-inch by six-inch plates. The elongation remained constant for the cast tensile bars. Statistic General Linear Models were used to study the effect of casting conditions on both the yield stress and the strain at break. Sample location within the beams was the main factor for the material property variation.

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Kim, Kwang J., Jerusha Caligiuri, Kiyoug Choe, and Mohsen Shahinpoor. "Contraction/elongation behavior of cation-modified polyacrylonitrile fibers." In Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.484415.

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Magura, Daniel, and Viliam Fedak. "Modeling of continuous processing line with nonlinear model of the strip and control of material elongation." In 2015 International Conference on Electrical Drives and Power Electronics (EDPE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edpe.2015.7325320.

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Lall, Pradeep, Kalyan Dornala, Jeff Suhling, John Deep, and Ryan Lowe. "Fatigue Delamination Crack Growth of Potting Compounds in PCB/Epoxy Interfaces Under Flexure Loading." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6572.

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Abstract Electronics components operating under extreme thermo-mechanical stresses are often protected with underfills and potting encapsulation to isolate the severe stresses. By encapsulating the entire PCB, the resin provides complete insulation for the unit thereby combining good electrical properties with excellent mechanical protection. In military and defense applications these components are often subjected to mechanical shock loads of 50,000g and are expected to perform with reliability. Due to the bulk of material surrounding the PCB, potting and encapsulation resins are commonly two-part systems which when mixed together form a solid, fully-cured material, with no by-products. The cured potting materials are prone to interfacial delamination under dynamic shock loading which in turn potentially cause failures in the package interconnects. The study of interfacial fracture resistance in PCB/epoxy potting systems under dynamic shock loading is important in mitigating the risk of system failure in mission critical applications. In this paper, three types of epoxy potting compounds were used as an encapsulation on PCB samples. The potting compounds were selected based on their ultimate elongation under quasi-static loading. Potting compound, A is a stiffer material with 5% of ultimate elongation before failure. Potting compound, B is a moderately stiff material with 12% ultimate elongation. Finally, potting compound C is a softer material with 90% ultimate elongation before failure. The fracture properties and interfacial crack delamination of the PCB/epoxy interface were determined using three-point bend loading with a pre-crack at the interface. The fatigue crack growth of the interfacial delamination was characterized for the three epoxy systems. A prediction of number of cycles to failure and the performance of different epoxy system resistance under cyclic bending loading was assessed.

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Ishikawa, Nobuyuki, Mitsuhiro Okatsu, Shigeru Endo, Joe Kondo, Joe Zhou, and David Taylor. "Mass Production and Installation of X100 Linepipe for Strain-Based Design Application." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64506.

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Continuous efforts have been made for the realization of strain-based design pipeline using high grade linepipe materials. Two demonstrative constructions of the pipelines using X100 linepipe proved sufficient materials properties for strain-based design and high quality field welding with good productivity. In order to verify further applicability of high strain X100 linepipe for long distance transmission, large scale installation of X100 pipeline was accomplished. Mass production of X100 linepipe of about 2,000 metric tons with the size of 42″OD and 14.3mm wall thick was successfully conducted by applying recent developed TMCP process including accelerated cooling and online heat treatment process and UOE pipe forming. Field girth welding was safely completed by the dual tandem pulsed GMAW, and sufficient girth weld properties were demonstrated. This paper will describe material development and mass production results of X100 linepipe for strain-based design which specifying longitudinal tensile properties such as Y/T ratio and uniform elongation. In order to securely specify the shape of stress-strain curve without Luders elongation, material parameter “stress ratio” was introduced for the material specification for compressive strain capacity. Stringent base metal requirements were imposed for base metal material properties in this project. One of the most challenging aspects in developing high strain linepipe is to balance uniform elongation and Charpy absorbed energy. Dual phase microstructure is essential to improve strain capacity, but this may lead to lower Charpy absorbed energy. Therefore, precise control of microstructure by controlling plate manufacturing parameter was required. In addition, on-line heating process subsequently after accelerated cooling enabled increase of Charpy energy without deteriorating uniform elongation. Girth weld properties were closely evaluated using the X100 pipe in as UOE condition and after external coating. All the material properties of base metal and girth weldment of the X100 linepipes used for this project fulfill the stringent requirement for strain-based design consideration to prevent buckling and weld fracture.

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Lall, Pradeep, Kalyan Dornala, Jeff Suhling, and John Deep. "Interfacial Delamination and Fracture Properties of Potting Compounds and PCB/Epoxy Interfaces Under Flexure Loading After Exposure to Multiple Cure Temperatures." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74322.

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Electronics components operating under extreme thermo-mechanical stresses are often protected with conformal coating and potting encapsulation to isolate the thermal and vibration shock loads. Development of predictive models for high-g shock survivability of electronics requires the measurement of the interface properties of the potting compounds with the printed circuit board materials. There is scarcity of interface fracture properties of porting compounds with printed circuit board materials. Potting and encapsulation resins are commonly two-part systems which when mixed together form a solid, fully cured material, with no by-products. The cured potting materials are prone to interfacial delamination under dynamic shock loading which in turn potentially cause failures in the package interconnects. The study of interfacial fracture resistance in PCB/epoxy potting systems under dynamic shock loading is important in mitigating the risk of system failure in mission critical applications. In this paper three types of epoxy potting compounds were used as an encapsulation on PCB samples. The potting compounds were selected on the basis of their ultimate elongation under quasi-static loading. Potting compound, A is stiffer material with 5% of ultimate elongation before failure. Potting compound, B is a moderately stiff material with 12% ultimate elongation. Finally potting compound C is a softer material with 90% ultimate elongation before failure. The fracture properties and interfacial crack delamination of the PCB/epoxy interface was determined using three-point bend loading with a pre-crack in the epoxy near the interface. The fracture toughness and crack initiation of the three epoxy systems was compared with the cure schedule and temperature. Fracture modeling was performed with crack tip elements in ABAQUS finite element models to determine the crack initiation and interfacial stresses. A comparison of the fracture properties and the performance of epoxy system resistance to delamination was shown through the three-point bend tests. The finite element model results were correlated with the experimental findings.

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8

Utsunomiya, H., Y. Saito, M. Shinkawa, and F. Shimaya. "Elongation-control rolling of H-shaped wire." In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Materials. IPMM'99 (Cat. No.99EX296). IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipmm.1999.792538.

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9

Packo, Pawel, Wieslaw J. Staszewski, Tadeusz Uhl, and Michael J. Leamy. "Amplitude-dependent contraction/elongation of nonlinear Lamb waves." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Tribikram Kundu. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2219042.

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Ruszkiewicz, Brandt J., and Laine Mears. "Temperature Controlled Forming of 7075-T6 Aluminum Using Linearly Decaying Direct Electric Current." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8555.

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The push in the automotive industry towards lightweighting to meet new stricter fuel efficiency standards has driven the need to research lightweight material forming. This requires research into forming high strength materials, as well as lower strength lightweight materials that may typically have poor formability characteristics. 7075-T6 aluminum suffers from limited elongation during tensile forming; electrically-assisted forming, which uses direct current to improve formability, is a viable candidate process to improve formability. In past electrical tension testing by various authors, two types of wave forms have been examined: continuous current and square waveforms. For tension it was shown that applying current using square waveforms was able to extend formability beyond what continuous current could produce, due to reducing the overheating in the necking region. This paper examines the effect of a non-decaying and linearly globally decaying saw tooth wave on the formability and flow stress of 7075-T6 aluminum in tension. It is shown that EAM using a sawtooth waveform can result in further elongation than cold forming, with similar elongation to previously-investigated square waves. An existing temperature model is adapted to the saw tooth waveform and used to calculate the change in material properties to find the flow stress using a theoretical strength equation.

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Reports on the topic "Elongation of the material"

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Paul, Shilpi. Characterization of Enzymes Involved in Fatty Acid Elongation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1014036.

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2

Quint, Thomas. Elongation of the Core in an Assignment Game. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198445.

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Galambos, J. D., D. J. Strickler, Y. K. M. Peng, and R. L. Reid. Trade studies of plasma elongation for next-step tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6717612.

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Estelle, Mark. The role of auxin in temperature regulated hypocotyl elongation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222223.

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Lee, Jonathan M. The Role of Protein Elongation Factor EEF1A2 in Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431692.

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Lee, Jonathan M. The Role of Protein Elongation Factor eEF1A2 in Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada471503.

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Dr. David Matlock and Dr. John Speer. Improved Criteria for Acceptable Yield Point Elongation in Surface Critical Steels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/917023.

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Ecker, Joseph R. Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Hormone-Regulated Differential Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900298.

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Ecker, Joseph R. Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Hormone-Regulated Differential Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850163.

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Nelson, E. A., and H. M. Jr Westbury. Lettuce seed germination and root elongation toxicity evaluation of the F-Area seepline soils. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104039.

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