Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Embourgeoisement (urbanisme) – Paris (France ; agglomération)'
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Górczyńska, Magdalena. "Zmiany zróznicowan spolecznych i przestrzennych w wybranych dzielnicach Warszawy i aglomeracji paryskiej : dynamika i aktorzy." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010569.
Full textDevaux, François. "Les habitants temporaires dans l'espace métropolitain : une approche du sujet à travers l'hébergement touristique, la représentation des acteurs publics et la régulation spatiale dans la métropole parisienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA01H078.
Full textIn 2024, the Paris metropolitan area finds itself at a turning point in its development, marked not only by the Olympic and Paralympic Games but also by the gradual introduction of new transport infrastructures and ongoing debates concerning its governance. This dissertation explores the interaction between these metropolitan dynamics, urban tourism, and tourist accommodations. It is based on the hypothesis that tourism practices have evolved, increasingly blurring the boundaries between tourists and residents, and that tourist accommodation venues can significantly influence neighborhood life and metropolitan development. Short-term rental platforms like Airbnb have played a central role in transforming tourism practices. These rentals are often concentrated in already tourist-heavy neighborhoods, exacerbating issues of segregation and gentrification. Significant disparities thus exist across different areas of the Paris metropolitan region: some of them, already heavily impacted by tourism, require stricter protective measures to prevent excessive pressure on housing, while more peripheral areas present potential for tourism development. Drawing on interviews with actors from local authorities, on quantitative data, and on strategic documents, the study shows that spatial regulation of tourist accommodations emerges as a useful tool for local authorities. By dispersing tourist flows towards peripheral areas, the implementation of such regulation could mitigate the negative effects of “overtourism” and promote a more balanced distribution of activities within Greater Paris. However, the implementation of such regulations faces negative perceptions and institutional challenges, particularly due to the complexity of public action across various scales. These challenges could be alleviated by: - Moving beyond a binary perspective of support or opposition to short-term rentals, - Considering the function of “dwelling” within urban tourism, - And adopting an approach that integrates temporary residents within a holistic framework, which could notably help diversify territories. Such an approach could enable tourism, through accommodation, to become a true component of territorial strategies in a metropolitan context. This would entail the use of various urban planning and regulatory tools, some of which already exist, but would need to be applied in a territorially nuanced manner to better address the issue of competition between tourist accommodations and permanent housing while also capitalizing on the opportunities offered by tourist accommodations
Fayt, Thierry. "Les dimensions villageoises à Paris : de la "petite banlieue" du XIXe siècle à la ville actuelle." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100010.
Full textWhat happened to the villages of the "Petite suburb" of 1800s in the Paris of today ? And, through the metaphor for "village" which they ca meet, what transfigurent realities in the city of tomorrow, face the growing strength of Local revealing an inspiration citizen to the decision making closer to the ground ? Especially when here the historicity, the symbolic and myths are confused to join the Parisian topical in the transcendent through a space ownership, or even social, in the identity can not always clear and in the collective mobilizations sometimes very ambiguous. Is it real attachment to a place of life and/or to a community restricted ? Or this concept is have a friendly heat to no other such who would put welle over the contingencies of material life and of urban cleavages. . . ? In any case even if this idea of "village" falls with in the challenge in a city as Paris, the hypocrisy pragmatic when it serves the economic and political interests, the "between it self" when it cristallise around the social ownership, the dimension or rather the dimensions villageoises ar not less concrete in the places. Objects of love and lusts, these spaces to heritage value evoke, through the reference to "village" of questions which deserve our interest because they refe indirectly to the city and its role bearer of democracy and citizenship. It is by the approach of everyday life fraught stories and images past and present of fifteen villages and places-expressed the villages ceinturant the Paris of the first half of the 19th century who join and be singularisent inspiration to the present residents, that the author trying to paind a vivid portrait of places and to decrypt some multiple facets hiding behind this label "villagers". One such that goes welle beyond their single social and history by adding to that of the "big city" surrounding them
Corbillé, Sophie. "Vivre ensemble et séparés dans les quartiers nord-est de Paris : ethnologie d'un nouveau monde urbain." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0313.
Full textThe neighbourhoods of the north-east of Paris, organised around suburban streets and former villages, have for several years now been undergoing a process of gentrification. Within this context has emerged an urban « world » in the sense of a social space which is coherent in the eyes of certain people, amongst whom the new middle and upper social classes. The aim of this thesis in the anthropology of the familiar is to analyse this world, that is, the specific behaviour patterns of the players who enter it. The observation of diverse situations highlights three logical forms of behaviour: the search for a unique urban environment, different to any other; participation in devices which favour « doing things together » with interaction in three forms, the urban player, the friend and the inhabitant; and the practice of generalised ethnology. These forms of action constitute the different ways to organise social relations/relationships and consequently to live together and separately
Naturel, Véronique. "L'appropriation de l'espace du quartier : étude sur les classes moyennes et supérieures de l'agglomération parisienne en habitat collectif." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H017.
Full textThe concept of place appropriation is defined in this research in the context of a transactional model of the relationships between man and the environment as composed of three facets : cognitive, behavioral and affective. It describes the particular relationships between a person and a place having a specific importance in his life. Principal results show that localisation of the residential quarter (suburb versus city center) have an important effect on the intensity of activities in the quarter and the richness of its spatial representation, and that length of residence and life cycle position strongly influence local sociability. The hypothesis of the existence of a place identity structured by the past and the projects of the person and getting in transaction with his present residential environment is confirmed by the determinant effect of the residential history of the individual on the affective facet of the appropriation. The close link between personal and historic times and place appropriation can also be found in the fact that the existence of a social memory of the place seems to facilitate the affective attachment of its inhabitants
Ollagnier, Claire. "Petites maisons suburbaines au XVIIIe siècle : du pavillon d'agrément au pavillon d'habitation (1750-1810)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010736.
Full textMermet, Anne-Cécile. "Commerce et patrimoine dans les centres historiques : vers un nouveau type d'espace de consommation." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010692.
Full textJeanne, Matthieu. "Paris, un enjeu capital : rivalités de pouvoirs et stratégies d'acteurs pour le contrôle politique et l'aménagement de Paris." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080051.
Full textThe election of the socialist Bertrand Delanoë as mayor of Paris in 2001 marks a major turning point in the history of the capital: Paris is no longer the bastion of conservatism it was throughout the twentieth century. At the same time, the city is undergoing profound sociological and demographic changes: the capital continues to lose people, while rejuvenating and undergoing gentrification.A geopolitical analysis is fruitful when it comes to studying these unprecedented changes. Since 1977, the Parisian municipal authority, which is in a unique position of power in France, has been the subject of intense rivalries. Long ignored in the field of geography and political science, these rivalries are, however, a key factor in explaining policy and urban dynamics. This thesis intends to analyze them. It relies both on a rich body of electoral data, and on field surveys carried out in neighborhoods of eastern Paris and in the 16th arrondissement.Firstly, this thesis shows that the political change in 2001 was not the result of one single factor: the movement towards gentrification, divisions in the Parisian right or the national political context. In order to highlight what makes Parisian municipal elections unique, it is more appropriate to analyze the strategies of the key political players that focus on specific local issues. These are at the heart of local geopolitical systems.Secondly, this thesis highlights the geopolitical issues of the development of the capital. Public planning policies now occupy a central place in the electoral strategies of all political players. As does opposition to them, resulting in local planning disputes that undermine Parisian municipal power
Duranel, Guillaume. "Les conventions de l'Architecture au prisme du dispositif du Grand Paris." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1275.
Full textThe 2008 consultation called “l’avenir du Paris métropolitain, le grand pari de l’agglomération parisienne” was organized by the French Bureau of Research in Architecture, Urbanism and Landscape at President Nicolas Sarkozy’s request. Ten teams were gathered, led by architects and composed of professionals and researchers working on urban studies. In 2010, those teams were asked to join the “Scientific Comity” of the “Atelier International du Grand Paris” (AIGP) which was created especially for them to continue their work. In 2012, five more teams joined the AIGP. They worked together until 2016. Therefore, as the government launched action to transform and develop the Île-de-France area (creating a Secretary of State dedicated to that purpose, creating a development company tasked with the creation of a new metro network, and voting three laws …), a group of professionals and researchers worked for eight years to produce a “prospective diagnosis” for the Parisian metropolitan area. For which specific skills were they hired? In the context of this political request, how did those teams work and what did they produce?
Clerval, Anne. "La gentrification à Paris intra-muros : dynamiques spatiales, rapports sociaux et politiques publiques." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347824.
Full textGiraud, Colin. "Sociologie de la gaytrification : identités homosexuelles et processus de gentrification à Paris et Montréal." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20096/document.
Full textThis research is focused on the role of gay men towards gentrification. The word “gaytrification” refers to process of gentrification that involves, by different ways, gay men. In french sociology, the role of this “gay factor” has been much neglected and very rarely studied. This research deals with urban sociology but also with sociology of homosexuality. Considering different empirical datas based on statistics, interviews, archives and observations, we can understand the way that gay men improved the value of urban space and the quality of local lifestyles in two different contexts: le Marais (Paris) and le Village (Montreal). These questions are explored since the end of the 60’s. The first part of our dissertation is focused on theoretical issues and methodology about gaytrification: how can we analyze this specific form of “urban renaissance”? The second step of this research articulates different forms of gay involvement towards gentrification of le Marais and le Village since 70’s: gay business and pink economy, lifestyles and symbolic presence of gay men in the neighborhood, housing market and residential issues. The third part analyzes daily life of gay men that lives, or have lived, in these neighborhoods. We show how they gentrify urban space by different ways: social and life trajectories, social and local relations, habits and lifestyles. The last part of the research introduces the reverse of previous results. A new question appears because gaytrification deals not only about how people transform urban spaces but also about how urban space can transform people and identities. In fact, interviews with gay men show how le Marais and le Village can socialize them in a special way
Gey, Adrien. "L'évolution des rapports ville nature dans la pensée et la pratique aménagistes : la consultation internationale du Grand Paris." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01002384.
Full textJeanne, Matthieu. "Paris, un enjeu capital : rivalités de pouvoirs et stratégies d'acteurs pour le contrôle politique et l'aménagement de Paris." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080051/document.
Full textThe election of the socialist Bertrand Delanoë as mayor of Paris in 2001 marks a major turning point in the history of the capital: Paris is no longer the bastion of conservatism it was throughout the twentieth century. At the same time, the city is undergoing profound sociological and demographic changes: the capital continues to lose people, while rejuvenating and undergoing gentrification.A geopolitical analysis is fruitful when it comes to studying these unprecedented changes. Since 1977, the Parisian municipal authority, which is in a unique position of power in France, has been the subject of intense rivalries. Long ignored in the field of geography and political science, these rivalries are, however, a key factor in explaining policy and urban dynamics. This thesis intends to analyze them. It relies both on a rich body of electoral data, and on field surveys carried out in neighborhoods of eastern Paris and in the 16th arrondissement.Firstly, this thesis shows that the political change in 2001 was not the result of one single factor: the movement towards gentrification, divisions in the Parisian right or the national political context. In order to highlight what makes Parisian municipal elections unique, it is more appropriate to analyze the strategies of the key political players that focus on specific local issues. These are at the heart of local geopolitical systems.Secondly, this thesis highlights the geopolitical issues of the development of the capital. Public planning policies now occupy a central place in the electoral strategies of all political players. As does opposition to them, resulting in local planning disputes that undermine Parisian municipal power
Billier, Dominique. "L'artiste au coeur des politiques urbaines pour une sociologie des ateliers-logements à Paris et en Ile-de-France." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN21019/document.
Full textThroughout the long and complex odyssey the artist has been traversing from the times of Ancient Greece to the present day his studio has been much more than just a site for work. If for a certain time it had been the place where images for religious and political practices were created allowing the artist to distinguish himself from the craftsman, his studio, located in the proximity of the royal courts or of the Vatican, had become a token of artistic activity but above all of his membership as a citizen of the township and of the society. When in early 19th century the artists, members of the Academy, were expelled from the Grand Gallery of Louvre it signified for them a liberation of their ties with the Academy and opened a new way to be part of the urban milieu. As a consequence, the artists had to settle «in town« the elite of them choosing to find foothold in the neighbourhoods inhabited by the bourgeoisie of business activities. The less fortunate popular strata, including the unrecognized artists, had to move away from the massive transformations of the urban infrastructure imposed by baron Haussman on the city of Paris. At the same time, Paris continued to attract artists from abroad. At the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century, the newly attached Montmartre and Montparnasse became the favoured neighbourhoods gathering artists living in improvised quarters. Inspired by the philanthropic initiatives benefiting the working population, the City of Paris started constructing between the wars social lodgings for employees and workers at the city's gates. This activity marked by solidarity was extended to include also painters and sculptors. It received new momentum in the 1960's by the Ministry of Culture in form of the actions it undertook in favour of artists. These activities were a concrete expression of the policy of the welfare state promoting the artists. In the housing renovation programmes in Paris and the nearby suburbs the construction of residential studios for artists was included in numerous social housing projects. A residential studio in the urban context became a basis of recognition for the professional artist
Prat, Pauline. "L' institutionnalisation de l’action de l’État en région parisienne : du plan Prost à la police d’agglomération : quand l’Etat administre, aménage et surveille la région-capitale." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0063.
Full textModern States became institutionalized by setting their national boundaries, but also by governing their own territory from within. In France, the capital region gradually became both an object of political intervention and a strategic territory for political and economic reasons. Building on a long time-frame analysis, this thesis explores the mechanisms of state action in the Paris region. Four analytical dimensions are identified. The first one is related to the ideas, knowledge and know-how which shape the capital region as a public issue requiring state intervention. The second dimension is constituted by the different public devices dedicated to the Paris region: urban plans, the “agrément constructeur” and the system of activities’ decentralization. The third dimension relates to the development of formal institution, from the creation of the Paris District in 1959 to the implementation of the regional prefecture in 1966. The constitution of a regional administrative elite is confronted to the fourth and last dimension: the work of the Parisian prefects who represent the territorial state. This dimension grasps the policy making lead by the state apparatus in the Paris region and it embodies the differentiation between the départemental and the regional state. Each of these dimensions has proper temporalities and effects. Within the institutionalization process, the trajectories and the interaction between the actors participating in the elaboration of the “Parisian issue” and in the framing of its solutions, explain both the inertia and the specific moments of agenda setting and change within the state apparatus in the course of the XXth century
Gravereau, Sophie. "Artistes de Belleville : entre monde de l'art et territoires urbains." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0096.
Full textRecent studies have highlighted the role of artists in the social and urban evolution of certain neighbourhood of big cities: artists are often considered to be the instigators or even the main actors of the renewal of these areas which were previously mostly working-class districts. Artists deciding to move to Belleville, a former working-class area in north-east Paris, have progressively changed the face of the neighbourhood. Architecturally they have participated in the renovation of numerous run down industrial buildings, sometimes with the help of local associations and then the local government. Economically, artists established in the former boutiques of artisans have sometimes led to the transformation of the commercial landscape of certain roads in the neighbourhood. Finally, from a sociological point of view, the presence of artists, has promoted the district through artistic attractions and the organisation of cultural events, thus contributing to the transformation of the local fabric and encouraging a new, wealthier population to settle in the area. This local role, promoted by the numerous artistic associations of artists in Belleville, is also supported by the local government as it seeks an additional way to put the finishing touches to its policy of urban renewal in the working class neighbourhoods. These artistic associations have been instrumental in both the urban and social renewal, nevertheless they are often forgotten in artistic and cultural politics. The artists of Belleville therefore wonder what is at stake in this new urban role which calls into question their status as creators and their artistic identity. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the implications of being an artist in Belleville nowadays and the ways in which they have participated, actively or passively, in the evolution and transformation of the neighbourhood
Albert, Blanco Victor. "Encadrer l’islam dans les quartiers : une comparaison de la Goutte d’Or (Paris) et du Raval (Barcelone) au prisme des transformations urbaines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080003.
Full textThis thesis proposes a sociology of the regulation of Islam in gentrifying neighborhoods of European cities. More specifically, it focuses on the form that this process, considered as the set of practices and discourses that contribute to defining and conditioning religious expressions, acquires in central neighborhoods undergoing a multidimensional urban transformation and a progressive gentrification of their population. The research question of the thesis seeks to discern what conditions the place and the forms of visibility of Islam in these urban spaces. In this perspective, the manuscript chapters describe a process through which religious manifestations (places of worship, specialized shops, commemorations and public festivities, bodily and clothing expressions, etc.) are defined and regulated in these urban contexts. The research draws on constructivist and critical perspectives from the sociology of religions, secularism, and laïcité. We claim that we need to observe all the actors – especially those called “secular” – and the processes that contribute to defining the place of Islam in the European public space. The thesis takes part of the “spatial” turn in social sciences and, more particularly, in the contributions that have dealt with the relationship between religious manifestations and urban space. It claims to deepen this dialectical analysis by observing how this relationship is made in a context of gentrification. It tries to open up new avenues for research in the field of urban studies, where the question of religions has been little addressed in the literature on gentrification. The thesis is based on long qualitative research (2016-2019) conducted from a comparative perspective in two neighborhoods from different national contexts: Goutte d’Or (Paris, France), and Raval (Barcelona, Spain). The data collection was carried out through 67 semi-structured interviews, including 34 in Goutte d’Or and 33 in Raval. This corpus does not capture the “public opinion” of the two neighborhoods, but the representations and discourses of a heterogeneous set of actors participating in the definition of the public space and the regulation of Islam. These interviews were completed by an ethnographic approach through nearly a hundred observation sessions of various civic activities in the two neighborhoods. Finally, a large corpus of documents was compiled, analyzing reports from the city councils, articles from the local press, various association brochures and materials, and local government programs concerning urban transformation and religious management. The manuscript is structured in 6 chapters. The first is introductory and serves to present the theoretical framework and the methodological tools, while the second presents and justifies the neighborhoods where the survey was conducted. The results are disseminated through the 4 remaining chapters, each of which present the different empirical materials collected and follows a logic that responds to the sociological question and the established hypotheses
Esta tesis propone una sociología de la regulación del islam en los barrios en gentrificación de las ciudades europeas. Más concretamente, se interesa por la forma que adquiere este proceso de regulación, considerado como el conjunto de prácticas y discursos que contribuyen a definir y condicionar las expresiones religiosas, en barrios céntricos inmersos en un proceso multidimensional de transformación urbana y de progresivo aburguesamiento de su población. La problemática de la tesis pretende discernir qué es lo que condiciona el lugar y las formas de visibilidad del islam en estos espacios urbanos. En este sentido, los diferentes capítulos del manuscrito describen el proceso a través del cual las manifestaciones religiosas (lugares de culto, tiendas especializadas, conmemoraciones y festividades públicas, expresiones corporales y vestimentarias, etc.) son definidas y reguladas en dichos contextos urbanos particulares. La investigación se basa en las perspectivas constructivistas y críticas de la sociología de las religiones, el secularismo y la laicidad. Se defiende así la necesidad de observar a todos los actores -especialmente a los autodenominados “seculares”- y los procesos que contribuyen a definir el lugar del islam en el espacio público europeo. La tesis también se inscribe en el giro "espacial" de las ciencias sociales y, más particularmente, en las contribuciones que han abordado la relación entre las manifestaciones religiosas y el espacio urbano. Se pretende profundizar este análisis dialéctico observando cómo se desarrolla esta relación en un contexto de gentrificación. La tesis entiende contribuir así a la apertura de nuevas vías de investigación en el campo de los estudios urbanos, en los que la cuestión de las religiones ha sido, por el momento, poco abordada en la literatura sobre gentrificación. La tesis se basa en una larga investigación cualitativa (2016-2019) realizada desde una perspectiva comparada en dos barrios de diferentes contextos nacionales: la Goutte d'Or (París, Francia) y el Raval (Barcelona, España). La recogida de datos se llevó a cabo mediante 67 entrevistas semiestructuradas, de las cuales 34 en la Goutte d'Or y 33 en el Raval. Este corpus no pretende capturar la “opinión pública” de los dos barrios, sino las representaciones y motivaciones de un conjunto heterogéneo de actores que participan en la definición del espacio público y la regulación del islam. Estas entrevistas se han complementado con un acercamiento etnográfico a través de casi un centenar de sesiones de observación de diversas actividades ciudadanas en los dos barrios. Finalmente, también se ha constituido un nutrido corpus documental, analizando informes de los respectivos ayuntamientos, artículos de la prensa local, folletos y materiales de diversas asociaciones y programas de los gobiernos locales en materia de transformación urbana y gestión del pluralismo religioso. El manuscrito está estructurado en 6 capítulos. El primero es introductorio y sirve para presentar el marco teórico y la metodología, mientras que el segundo presenta y justifica los barrios donde se realizó la encuesta. Los resultados se diseminan a través de los 4 capítulos restantes, cada uno de los cuales gira en torno a diferentes materiales empíricos, siguiendo una lógica que da respuesta a la problemática y a las hipótesis establecidas
Jégou, Anne. "Territoires, acteurs, enjeux des dynamiques de durabilité urbaine : le cas de la métropole parisienne." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681586.
Full textJolly, Sylvie. "Tourisme et métropolisation : le cas de la méga-région touristique Paris-Reims." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010630.
Full textTourism is now accepted as one of the factors that produce and help us to understand the process of metropolization. Metropolization is initiating profound changes in territories, and scientific research needs to take a fresh look at the problems of urbanisation on this much larger scale. In this context, the mega-region is an emerging urban system and an area of research that requires examination. However, whilst research into large metropolitan areas is on the rise, very little of this work looks at the mega-regional dimension, even though tourism is mentioned as a factor for development at this level. The aim of this research is to study the links between tourism and metropolization by considering tourism as a component that gives structure to mega-regional size metropolitan areas. Our research design is based on a study of the case that we call the “Paris-Reims mega-tourist region”, which includes the Disneyland Paris tourist area. We analyse the dynamics of tourism development within this area, and in particular study the interactions between the local tourist industry players. We concentrate first on the spatial practices and representations of the local authorities and tourist organisations. Then we analyse the international tourism strategies of player in the greater Reims area, and in particular the great Champagne houses, and at the Champagne wine region’s application to become a World Heritage Site
Clech, Pauline. "Engagement et mobilité sociale par la culture : étude de trois configurations politiques et artistiques en banlieue rouge (1960-2014)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0033/document.
Full textMy thesis focuses on the comparative study of three artistic configurations located in spaces historically run by communist elected representatives (Saint-Denis, Nanterre, General Council of Seine-Saint-Denis). In these configurations, I uncover the social and historical logics leading to the recognition of certain art forms (mainly theater, municipal festivals, circus, street arts, hip hop, music). My approach is based on a dispositional and relational analysis of individuals involved in these processes of artistic legitimization (or delegitimization). The study of these processes is conducted by analyzing individuals’ schemes of perception of the social world and the contexts in which these schemes are used. This analysis identified the existence of politicized individuals committed in the worlds of art or in the political field in order to subvert the dominant social relations. In addition to analyzing the impact of these commitments on the artistic landscape, my thesis focuses on the study of their biographical, territorial and political consequences. Social position, commitment and local institutions are dialectically linked. Through their commitment, these individuals reach the middle class and constitute a very specific stratum thereof: politicized, indigenous and possessing cultural capital that is not certified by diplomas. The existence of this social stratum, in the studied areas, has implications for the local social structure. I mainly studied two dimensions of these implications, namely Indigeneity and the definition of a postcolonial national narrative
Mestdagh, Léa. "Des jardinier.e.s partagé.e.s entre discours et pratiques : du lien social à l'entre-soi." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA124/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to question the statement - given by Institutions, associations and gardeners themselves - of shared gardens being a source of social ties building. Built upon a field study of both parisian and suburbian shared gardens, this thesis intends to underline the contradiction that exists between what is claimed by gardeners and what the observation of their actual practices tends to reveal. Mixing participant observations, questionnairs and semi-structured interviews, this social survey reveals shared gardens to be in fact ingroup spaces visited by people rather close in terms of social status, education level and cultural practices. If social ties undeniably find their origin from these gardens, they extend only to socially selected members within local associations. From a more global perspective, this work aims to caracterise contemporary social ties as elective in their nature. It also stresses the role of local associations in both public space appropriation and segregation processes within urban territories – the growing gentrification of Paris and its suburbian area being a significant outcome of it
Lisi, Cosimo. "Paris et l'origine coloniale de la ville contemporaine : accumulation primitive, production de l'espace, pratiques artistiques, production de subjectivité (XIXe et Xxe siècles)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080012.
Full textIn this research, I genealogically trace the progressive emergence of an articulation between artistical-cultural production and capitalist pro- duction in the urban shaping of Paris. I retain a long time (19th and 20th centuries) . At first, I consider how the early 2000s smart city model ab- sorbed and domesticated the radical claim by 1960s aesthetic movements to overcome art as a contemplative relationship. Whereas those move- ments posited the intimate connection between aesthetic and social pro- duction, the city following the capitalist restructuration present itself as a« fantasmagoric » unity. I then retrieve the deep conflicts structuring such apparent unity showing how contemporary urbanscape directly reorgan- ized colonial technologies, such as cartography and identification. The colonial matrix of urban governance highlights that segregating policies are at the heart of the aesthetic model of structuring both social partici- pation and neo-colonial exclusion within the contemporary urban space. Continuous primitive accumulation is a reading key of the process taken into consideration
Chabrol, Marie. "De nouvelles formes de gentrification ? : dynamiques résidentielles et commerciales à Château-Rouge (Paris)." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658852.
Full textLancien, Alice. "Habiter l'instabilité : la gentrification des quartiers de centre ancien au prisme des jeunesses populaires (Paris-Barcelone)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100021.
Full textThis dissertation in Urban Studies is concerned with working-class young people living in two central neighborhoods of Paris (France) and Barcelona (Spain), focusing on the way they socialize. Relying on ethnographic fieldwork undertaken between 2018 and 2020, this study gathers a large range of tools and data. Interrogating prejudices on youth socialization, usually understood as peer-(group) sociability embedded in the neighborhood, this study sheds light on the way in which Inner Cities working-class respond to gentrification and social mix. Focusing on young people’s strategies developed to answer gentrification, this research is in line with existing literature defining gentrification as a complex dynamic, rather than linear, one-way processes of displacement and substitution. The analysis of individual urban trajectories, and residential trajectories within the workingclass youth population, reveals a multi-sited urban belongings, that rely on local relationships and take root in the neighborhoods. While they may be imposed, these relations also arise from individual and family strategies to ensure a continuing presence in the city, influenced by local urban policies. This analysis of relationships to the neighborhood, based on four typical patterns, allows to understand how urban centrality plays a differentiated role for those who are "settled in", "arriving", "passing through" and "returning". Finally, situations of cohabitation in old city centers involve negotiations between different social groups. Examining these negotiations in Parisian urban public space allows us to question ways of managing cohabitation by articulating institutional policies and the infrapolitical practices developed by working-class youth. In sum, this study highlights how young working-classcity-dwellers are constantly negotiating and transforming the city, while at the same time the city itself is being transformed
Rideau, Géraldine. "L'esprit de la ville. Regards croisés sur la place parisienne. Du temps des embellissements à celui de la science de villes, XVIIIEME - XXEME siècles." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS021S.
Full textThe square is part of the representation of the city that each human group develops during a specific time in a specific place. It became a prestigious urban form under the influence of an intellectual and cultural idea which took shape in the high spheres of society during the modern era. Stemming from this premise, this thesis aims to understand what the square, as reflected in its representations, stood for from the second half of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The corpus is based on texts which vary from architectural theory to visitors’ guides. In order to better decipher changes as well as permanencies and to question their archetypal or paradigmatic value, the Parisian square is observed through texts published during two moments of expectations, interrogations and urban projections: 1740-1840 and 1890-1920, two moments which border a short and intense time of structural transformations. This research aims to explore whether and how the square participated in the notion of embellishment in the sense used since the 18th century. Another aim is to measure the role the authors give to the square in the restructuring of the city and in its valorisation, the extreme form being the survival of the myth of Paris as “the most beautiful city of the Universe”. These multiples narratives reflect the image of a polysemic square which underwent different kinds of transformations. At each moment, the square tells a specific idea of urban space related to anticipation or reactive action. Thus, this thesis takes into account this dialectic relation and hopes to help understanding how the discourse on the square is a commentary on urban being at large
Aoustin, Milly. "L’informalité dans le quartier de la Goutte d’Or à Paris : économie immigrante, africanité et politiques urbaines." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100125.
Full textWorks on the informal economy in the big cities in the North and in the South do not miss. Such sector is detailed, such social group is studied or such practice is analyzed but none has, until now, treated the abstract one in its globality. This research relates to the Goutte d’Or’s neighborhood in Paris, popular district with social housing, classified as disadvantaged urban area (called ZUS in France), historically invested by the migrants and where the gentrification is on progress. In this territory where the activity beats full sound, two forms of trade coexist: well-established shops, held by immigrants and the sale on the run, practiced by immigrants also. This coexistence in the French capital caused from the start a key question: which are the place, the role and the future of these forms of trade in a city in full change? The succession of the migratory waves ended in a profound social reorganization. Land of welcome of the provincial, this space passes gradually of an enclave from a North-african enclave towards an African hub, characterized by a strong immigrant identity, called africaness. This work has for objective to restore informality of Goutte d’Or’s neighborhood in its entirety, to analyze the societal and economic modalities to reveal the impacts and the territorial and political stakes
Delamarre, Arnaud. "Les commerces locaux dans les villes mondiales. L’essor des commerces de vin à Paris et New York." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL091.
Full textAdopting a cultural and social approach of the geography of commerce and consumption, the aim of this thesis is to show how the neighborhood local shops from World cities highlight the articulation of global and local dynamics through special patterns of consumption. The wine shop, as a place, is a particularly representative case study of these processes. World cities are the scene of lifestyle interfaces, where patterns of consumption are circulating and are exchanged on a global scale. These patterns of consumption are spatialized, and are mostly visible in city centre, or in historical and culturally-charged sections. Marked by a process of residential and commercial gentrification, central districts of world cities concentrate global consumption patterns linked to commercial aesthetics, whose signs are visible in wine shops-induced landscape. Since the 1970s, the globalization of wine has led to a diffusion of ways of consuming wine, which result in the hybridization of the meanings associated with it. Wine has gained a status of glocal food product, combining global meanings (by its production, consumption and diffusion) with others more spatially delimited (terroir or local). Through a qualitative approach (interviews with wine merchants), we show the estheticization of wine shops in two World cities (Paris and New York), discuss and analyses wine discourses, that reveal cultural transfers. These new wine discourses, translated by new and innovative commercial experiences, resonate with the postmodern aspirations of bobos-type residents and consumers, and shows the extend of glocalization by consumption practices within globalized urban localities
Belmeziti, Ali. "Impact potentiel de l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie dans le bâtiment sur les consommations d’eau potable à l’échelle urbaine : le cas de l’agglomération parisienne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1051/document.
Full textThis research aims at assessing the effects generated, on management of urban water in the long term, by progressive development of rainwater harvesting (RWH), and more particularly on the drinking water supply. It is carried out in a prospective way on the scale of Paris and its suburbs. On the whole, this research contributes to a controversy about the validity of a centralized model of management of water in an urban environment. After a description of the RWH in urban areas, this report presents state of the art tools and scientific methods, and focuses on the development of a scaling approach. The objective is to produce, a significant assessment of potential potable water savings (PPWS), on an urban scale by substituting part of it by rainwater recovered for uses which do not require such quality. With this aim, we propose an approach based on sequential evaluation using an intermediate scale (the municipality), on merging of buildings with similar characteristics related to RWH and four methodological principles (modeling, aggregation, increase, Ranking strategy)Applied to the Paris agglomeration, the implemented methodology shows that the recovered rainwater volume is likely to represent a potential equivalent of 65% of the demands for non-drinking water and of 11% of the drinking water distributed. This research also highlights that the residential sector constitutes the major contribution of this potential, because it holds 2/3 of the total potential to the Paris agglomeration. The first analysis of the system of actors implied in the RWH in urban environment has also been developed. This analysis makes it possible to identify a specific subset of actors who have the capacity to carry out an “lever” action in generalizing this practice on an urban scale, either directly because of their capacity of leading a collective action (for a set of buildings for example), or indirectly through their capacity to act on the owners of the buildings (by incentive mechanisms in particular).Finally, this work positions RWH in on urban environment within the general debate related to the evolution of present cities
Thébault, Emma. "La ville à fleur d'eau : doctrines, techniques et aménagements de l'eau de pluie et des cours d'eau dans l'agglomération parisienne, 1970-2015." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H100.
Full textSince the 2010s, strategic local policies concerning urban resilience and biodiversity support are being promoted, focusing on ways to renew urban water management. Research points however, to the low effectiveness or efficiency of such urban environmental policies, and questions the need of renewing the relationship between the environment and the city. Other researches put forward that a major change occurs in urban rainwater management since the 1970s. We follow the idea of an ecological and climatic transformation of rainwater and urban rivers management since the 1970s. Three hypotheses underlie this thesis. First, based on ecological and climatic principles, a technical management doctrine transforms the urban water engineering. Secondly, urban hydrology has experienced a shift, carried out by new techniques. Thirdly, this technical doctrine has extended to urban planning and design. We tested the hypotheses by the study of a corpus of guides and technical documents produced between 1970 and 2015; of an inventory of techniques; and of five case-studies, completed with interviews with professionals. The study found that ecology is present, but as an auxiliary to sanitation principles. An ecological ethic is incorporated into technical doctrines : the use of living organisms in engineering is partially based their supposed superior effectiveness in spatial planning. The hydrology of the Paris metropolitan area seems to be marginally evolving. Urban neighborhoods are not transformed by water management : urban water spaces and facilities remain tenuous, discontinuous, underlying and preceded by other logics of spatial organization