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LaPlante, Josephine M., and J. Stephen Kroll-Smith. "Coordinated Emergency Management: The Challenge of the Chronic Technological Disaster." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 7, no. 2 (August 1989): 134–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072708900700203.
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Providing effective emergency response and mitigating the impact of disaster requires the ability to act and knowledge of what to do. Chronic technological disasters present a special challenge to emergency management because authority to act on this type of disaster agent is diffuse and often lodged within a variety of agencies operating at different levels of government. Moreover, knowledge of the likely chain of events for technological disaster is still in its infancy, when compared to the rich research base that exists for natural disaster. The authors argue that the emerging literature on chronic technological disaster reveals systematic and important differences between the reality of this type of disaster and what conventional wisdom based on natural disaster experience says about technological disaster. This study addresses characteristics of chronic technological disasters and examines how the nature of technological disaster affects the practice of emergency management.
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Chanda, S. K. "(P1-6) Community-Based Disaster Management: An Effective Approach in Bangladesh." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s100—s101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003384.
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Natural disaster like cyclone, tidal bore, flood, tornado etc. is a common phenomenon in Bangladesh. Tropical cyclones associated with tidal surges occur at the rate of 1.3 a year in the coastal districts, cyclone in 1970 and 1991 claimed over 500,000 and 138,000 lives respectively in the coastal districts and offshore islands. The vulnerability is so miserable that they have to go and settle in the newly accreted land in Bay of Bengal and its surrounding areas which is occasionally hit by tidal bore or devastating cyclone. The main susceptibility comes from weak social and economic structures of the country. Housing quality, preexisting poor health and nutritional status, social welfare infrastructure, and economic resilience determine the magnitude of a disaster's effect and its long term consequences. In recent years, improved early warning systems and preparedness measures have helped reduce mortality, but no significant change in morbidity. However the effective disaster preparedness systems and capabilities for post-disaster emergency phase usually provides through volunteer contributions and local authority at the neighborhood level. The government's relief team, NGOs and foreign teams took couple of days to few weeks to start operation properly after devastating disasters like Sidr in 2007. However the basic survival and emergency assistance like clothes, shelter, food and medicine which saved thousand of lives were managed by community people themselves. Active participation of local communities, those have rich experience of coping with natural disaster both in preparedness and emergencies are essential for successful disaster reduction policy and practice, also putting value on our traditional social and cultural bondage. So strategies for disaster preparedness should be focused at family and community levels, support to community-based low-cost technology, promotion and development of human resources and integration disaster management components into development policies and empower the people to face the challenges of disasters.
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Mulam, B. R. "(A230) Emergency Medical Preparedness for Disaster Risk Reduction: The Role of Health Sector Personnel - An Overview." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s62—s63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002160.
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Efficient management of disasters has received increased attention globally. It has been realized by all countries in the world that no development is sustainable if human life is vulnerable to major Disaster risks. Disaster Preparedness and Response are the most important components of an effective Disaster Management strategy. The objective of Disaster Preparedness is to ensure that appropriate systems are in place and personnel are trained to provide immediate response to victims in the event of any Disaster. Medical response is one of the most critical, most important and of immediate requirement in any Disaster situation. The success or failure of any Disaster Management operations will depend to a great extent on the success achieved by the Medical and Health sector since most of the Deaths and illnesses caused by disasters are preventable health risks. Though Disaster Management is the responsibility of every organization and institution, the Health Sector has a key role to play, as it is the lead sector. Hence, health personnel play a very important role in reducing disaster risks. This paper briefly examines the role and responsibilities of Medical and Health personnel and provides an overview of Emergency medical preparedness for reducing disaster risks. The concept of Disaster Medicine in dealing with the public health management of Disasters and Emergency Medical Preparedness, including the Prevention, Response, Relief and Rescue operations of Health Management while addressing various issues like casualty area management and Hospital Management etc through various strategies and actions will also be discussed. The Impact of Disasters on Health and how they can be best managed to reduce the number of mortalities and morbidities resulting from Disasters will be examined. The need for ensuring Community Participation in Health Management and prevention of health risk through Immunization and vaccination, proper food & nutrition, maintenance of hygienic and sanitation, adequate system of garbage disposal, Vector control and Research and Epidemiological studies will also be discussed. Prof. Bhaskara Rao, Mulam, Specialist, Policy, Planning and Related Issues, SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC), New Delhi
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Rajesh, G., Mithun B. H. Pai, Ramya Shenoy, and Harsh Priya. "Willingness to Participate in Disaster Management Among Indian Dental Graduates." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, no. 5 (August 9, 2012): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12001069.
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AbstractIntroductionIndia has been the focal point of various disasters, and has suffered considerable losses due to the same. Manpower shortage can impede disaster management; hence, including dental professionals in disaster management in India can be crucial.Hypothesis/ProblemTo assess willingness to participate in disaster management among Indian dental graduates; to assess the objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge regarding disaster management among Indian dental graduates.MethodsAll the interns in Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka were included in the present study. Their willingness to participate in disaster management and their objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge related to disaster management were assessed using a questionnaire.ResultsA total of 86 study subjects participated. A majority (98.8%) of respondents were willing to participate in disaster management. Mean objective knowledge, attitude, behavior and perceived knowledge scores were 48.65%, 80.26%, 29.85% and 60.80% respectively. Males reported higher perceived knowledge than females (P= .008), and respondents residing in hostels reported higher perceived knowledge than those not residing in hostels (P= .02). Gender showed significant correlations with attitude (r = 4.076,P= .044) and behavior (r = 3.722,P= .054), and residence with behavior of respondents (r = 5.690,P= .017).ConclusionsA high degree of willingness to provide assistance during disasters was observed among undergraduate dental students. High attitude coupled with low knowledge and behavior scores regarding disaster management was also observed. Gender was associated with attitude and behavior, and residence with behavior of respondents regarding disaster management. Including disaster management in dental curricula and involvement of dental professionals in disaster management might be crucial for disaster management in India.RajeshG,PaiMBH,ShenoyR,PriyaH.Willingness to participate in disaster management among Indian dental graduates.Prehosp Disaster Med.2012;27(5):1-6.
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Mace, MD, Sharon E., Constance Doyle, MD, Susan Fuchs, MD, Marianne Gausche-Hill, MD, Kristi L. Koenig, MD, Annalise Sorrentino, MD, and Ramon W. Johnson, MD. "Pediatric patients in a disaster: Part of the all-hazard, comprehensive approach to disaster management." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2012.0087.
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Disasters affect all ages of patients from the newborn to the elderly. Disaster emergency management includes all phases of comprehensive emergency management from preparedness to response and recovery. Disaster planning and management has frequently overlooked the unique issues involved in dealing with the pediatric victims of a disaster. The following will be addressed: disaster planning and management as related to pediatric patients and the integration of pediatric disaster management as part of an all-hazard, comprehensive emergency management approach. Key recommendations for dealing with children, infants, and special needs patients in a disaster are delineated.
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Cooper, David. "The Asian tsunami disaster: emergency management aspects." Microbiology Australia 26, no. 4 (2005): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma05156.
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While the threat of terrorism cannot be underestimated, the recent Asian earthquake and tsunami disaster demonstrates the awesome nature of large natural disasters in generating mass casualty and infrastructure destruction
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Fernando, Gaudensius Waldi, Emilya Kalsum, and Jawas Dwijo Putro. "PUSAT PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA KABUPATEN SINTANG." JMARS: Jurnal Mosaik Arsitektur 9, no. 2 (July 3, 2021): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jmars.v9i2.47619.
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Natural conditions as well as the diversity of population and culture in Indonesia cause the risk of natural disasters, social disasters and complex emergencies to arise. The implementation of emergency response is also often not supportive, the distribution of aid and services is not fast, uneven and difficult to monitor properly, so that the progress of the results of disaster emergency response activities is less objectively measurable. In Sintang Regency, in addition to natural disasters, social disasters also often occur, because the facilities are not standardized and accommodated so that services are not optimal. Judging from the existing needs, the Disaster Management Center is a facility that can assist the implementation of Disaster Emergency Response activities in Sintang Regency. The Disaster Management Center can accommodate disaster emergency response activities so that it has strategic command lines so that information confusion can be minimized so as to realize appropriate policies in dealing with disasters. The planned Disaster Management Center is a facility that functions to accommodate agencies related to pre- and post-disaster management, both as a place for disaster management and as an information center. The design method for this Disaster Management Center uses a comparison of literatures and performs data processing to describe the design process of the Sintang Regency Disaster Management Center. The mass of the building is divided into three parts separated by function and purpose. The approach to design applies an integrated concept, referring to a standardized and accommodating spatial layout.
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Khairina, Ilfa, Nelwati Nelwati, and Esthika Ariany Maisa. "Emergency Preparedness Information among Emergency Nurses and Its Relationship with Disaster Preparedness." NurseLine Journal 7, no. 2 (November 28, 2022): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/nlj.v7i2.28010.
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Nurses are health workers who play an essential role in disaster management, so the right strategy is needed in disaster preparedness. Management of disaster is an intervention in the Emergency Department (ED) that has an essential role in preparedness, emergency responses, and recovery to reduce the effects during and after the disaster. Emergency preparedness information in the ED has a scope like triage and first aid, biological agent detection, accessing critical resources and reporting, the incident command system (ICS), isolation, quarantine and decontamination, psychological issues, epidemiology and clinical decision making, communication and connectivity. This study aims to determine the emergency preparedness information and disaster preparedness. This study used a cross-sectional study design, conducted in three emergency department of a disaster referral hospital in Padang City. Respondents participated in this study were selected using a purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria, as many as 61 respondents were selected. A few instruments were used in this study. Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire (EPIQ), which aims to measure the preparedness of emergency nurses in dealing with disasters, and the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tools (DPET) ® determine the preparedness of nurses in dealing with disasters. The variables in this study were tested using the Pearson statistical test, which tested the relationship between emergency room nurses' preparedness to deal with disasters and disaster preparedness. The results shows the relationship between the emergency preparedness information and the disaster preparedness among nurses with a p-value of 0.003, with low correlation r-value of 0.373. The emergency department is a health service that provides emergency response when disaster occurs. So that the emergency preparedness information must be improved in dealing with disaster situations becomes optimal.
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Moss, Joel. "Emergency and Disaster Management." Journal of Consumer Health On the Internet 17, no. 1 (January 2013): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15398285.2013.756347.
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Ingrassia, Pier Luigi, Luca Ragazzoni, Marco Tengattini, Luca Carenzo, and Francesco Della Corte. "Nationwide Program of Education for Undergraduates in the Field of Disaster Medicine: Development of a Core Curriculum Centered on Blended Learning and Simulation Tools." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 5 (August 22, 2014): 508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14000831.
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AbstractIn recent years, effective models of disaster medicine curricula for medical schools have been established. However, only a small percentage of medical schools worldwide have considered at least basic disaster medicine teaching in their study program. In Italy, disaster medicine has not yet been included in the medical school curriculum. Perceiving the lack of a specific course on disaster medicine, the Segretariato Italiano Studenti in Medicina (SISM) contacted the Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale in Medicina di Emergenza e dei Disastri ed Informatica applicata alla didattica e alla pratica Medica (CRIMEDIM) with a proposal for a nationwide program in this field. Seven modules (introduction to disaster medicine, prehospital disaster management, definition of triage, characteristics of hospital disaster plans, treatment of the health consequences of different disasters, psychosocial care, and presentation of past disasters) were developed using an e-learning platform and a 12-hour classroom session which involved problem-based learning (PBL) activities, table-top exercises, and a computerized simulation (Table 1). The modules were designed as a framework for a disaster medicine curriculum for undergraduates and covered the three main disciplines (clinical and psychosocial, public health, and emergency and risk management) of the core of “Disaster Health” according to the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM) international guidelines for disaster medicine education. From January 2011 through May 2013, 21 editions of the course were delivered to 21 different medical schools, and 524 students attended the course. The blended approach and the use of simulation tools were appreciated by all participants and successfully increased participants’ knowledge of disaster medicine and basic competencies in performing mass-casualty triage. This manuscript reports on the designing process and the initial outcomes with respect to learners' achievements and satisfaction of a 1-month educational course on the fundamentals of disaster medicine. This experience might represent a valid and innovative solution for a disaster medicine curriculum for medical students that is easily delivered by medical schools.Table 1List of Modules and TopicsModuleTopics1. Introduction to disaster medicine and public health during emergencies- Modern taxonomy of disaster and common disaster medicine definitions- Differences between disaster and emergency medicine- Principles of public health during disasters- Different phases of disaster management2. Prehospital disaster management- Mass-casualty disposition, treatment area, and transport issues- Disaster plans and command-and-control chain structure- Functional response roles3. Specific disaster medicine and triage procedures in the- Mass-casualty triage definitions and principlesmanagement of disasters- Different methodologies and protocols- Patient assessment, triage levels and tags4. Hospital disaster preparedness and response- Hospital disaster laws- Hospital preparedness plans for in-hospital and out-hospital disasters with an all-hazard approach- Medical management for a massive influx of casualties5. Health consequences of different disasters- Characteristics of different types of disasters- Health impact of natural and man-made disasters- Disaster-related injury after exposure to a different disasters with an all-hazard approach6. Psychosocial care- Techniques to deal with psychic reactions caused by exposure to disaster scenarios- Treatment approaches to acute and delayed critical incident stress reactions7. Presentation of past disasters and public health emergencies, andCase study:review of assistance experiences- Haiti earthquake- Cholera outbreaks in Haiti- National and international disaster response mechanismIngrassiaPL, RagazzoniL, TengattiniM, CarenzoL, Della CorteF. Nationwide program of education for undergraduates in the field of disaster medicine: development of a core curriculum centered on blended learning and simulation tools. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(5):1-8.
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Christy, J. K. "(A66) Integration of Psycho-Social Social Support and Mental Health Services in to National Disaster Management Guidelines." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000732.
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Integration of Psycho-social Social Support and Mental Health Services in to National Disaster Management Guidelines India is vulnerable, in varying degrees, to a large number of natural as well as man-made disasters and also a high risk country for disasters due to expanding population, urbanization and industrialisation, development within high-risk zones, environmental degradation and climate changes. The creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in 2005, as the apex body for disaster management, has brought out a paradigm shift in the area of disaster management. One of the important mandate of NDMA is to issue National Disaster Management Guidelines (NDMG) to the ministries/ departments to assist them to formulate their respective Disaster Management (DM) plans. In this direction NDMA has issued number of NDMG on different themes to provide basis of preparation of DM plans at different levels. There are policies & guidelines on Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services (PSSMHS) in disasters at the international level in the form of Inter Agency Standing Committee guidelines (IASC) which advocates PSSMHS in disasters. In India there was no such policy which streamlines the Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services in Disasters. During preparation of various National Disaster Management Guidelines, one remarkable factor noticed was the need for psycho-social care, subsequently preparation of NDMG on Medical Preparedness and Mass Causality Management brought out an overwhelming consensus to formulate a separate NDMG for PSSMHS. In order to translate the critical need for psycho-social care and support into guidelines, NDMA adopted a mission-mode approach for integrating PSSMHS in disaster response by involving participatory and multi step methodology to formulate NDMG on Psycho-social Support and Mental Health Services in Disasters.
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Li, Xianghai, and Yixin Wang. "Construction of Urban Flood Disaster Emergency Management System Using Scenario Construction Technology." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (March 15, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8048327.
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Due to the global climate anomaly, ecological environment damage, human activities, and other reasons, flood disaster has become a major threat to mankind. The emergency rescue resources under different subject management and different emergencies have different characteristics, attributes, and management modes, which restrict the unified dispatching, overall management, and efficient utilization of the comprehensive rescue command platform. The frequent occurrence of natural disasters can not only easily affect the public security of society but also pose a great threat to the safety of Chinese people’s lives and property. As the first-line person in charge of China’s response to natural disasters, local governments cannot deal with natural disasters well. More than thousands of people die from natural disasters in China every year. The economic losses caused amounted to hundreds of billions. The occurrence of various floods and natural disasters not only affects the local economic and social development but also relates to the production and life of the local people, and the stability of the local society and national unity. How to effectively deal with flood disaster is also an important index system to test the execution and management ability of the Party and the government. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply study flood disaster from the theoretical height, hoping to provide reference theoretical support and practical guidance for local county-level government flood disaster emergency management. At the beginning of the urban flood disaster, how to choose an appropriate response plan and implement it in time is an important way to effectively reduce disaster losses. Starting with the basic concept of flood disaster, this study studies and discusses the related theories of flood disaster emergency management, introduces the general situation of flood disaster emergency management, and analyzes the application of scenario construction technology in emergency management.
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Burns, Penelope L., Gerard J. FitzGerald, Wendy C. Hu, Peter Aitken, and Kirsty A. Douglas. "General Practitioners’ Roles in Disaster Health Management: Perspectives of Disaster Managers." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 37, no. 1 (December 3, 2021): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x21001230.
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AbstractIntroduction:General Practitioners (GPs) are inevitably involved when disaster strikes their communities. Evidence of health care needs in disasters increasingly suggests benefits from greater involvement of GPs, and recent research has clarified key roles. Despite this, GPs continue to be disconnected from disaster health management (DHM) in most countries.Study Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of disaster management professionals in two countries, across a range of all-hazard disasters, regarding the roles and contributions of GPs to DHM, and to identify barriers to, and benefits of, more active engagement of GPs in disaster health care systems.Methods:A qualitative research methodology using semi-structured interviews was conducted with a purposive sample of Disaster Managers (DMs) to explore their perspectives arising from experiences and observations of GPs during disasters from 2009 through 2016 in Australia or New Zealand. These involved all-hazard disasters including natural, man-made, and pandemic disasters. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:These findings document support from DM participants for greater integration of GPs into DHM with New Zealand DMs reporting GPs as already a valuable integrated contributor. In contrast, Australian DMs reported barriers to inclusion that needed to be addressed before sustained integration could occur. The two most strongly expressed barriers were universally expressed by Australian DMs: (1) limited understanding of the work GPs undertake, restricting DMs’ ability to facilitate GP integration; and (2) DMs’ difficulty engaging with GPs as a single group. Other considerations included GPs’ limited DHM knowledge, limited preparedness, and their heightened vulnerability.Strategies identified to facilitate greater integration of GPs into DHM where it is lacking, such as Australia, included enhanced communication, awareness, and understanding between GPs and DMs.Conclusion:Experience from New Zealand shows systematic, sustained integration of GPs into DHM systems is achievable and valuable. Findings suggest key factors are collaboration between DMs and GPs at local, state, and national levels of DHM in planning and preparedness for the next disaster. A resilient health care system that maximizes capacity of all available local health resources in disasters and sustains them into the recovery should include General Practice.
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Mathew, Dolly. "Information Technology and Public Health Management of Disasters—A Model for South Asian Countries." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 1 (February 2005): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002156.
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AbstractThis paper highlights the use of information technology (IT) in disaster management and public health management of disasters. Effective health response to disasters will depend on three important lines of action: (1) disaster preparedness; (2) emergency relief; and (3) management of disasters. This is facilitated by the presence of modern communication and space technology, especially the Internet and remote sensing satellites. This has made the use of databases, knowledge bases, geographic information systems (GIS), management information systems (MIS), information transfer, and online connectivity possible in the area of disaster management and medicine.This paper suggests a conceptual model called, “The Model for Public Health Management of Disasters for South Asia”. This Model visualizes the use of IT in the public health management of disasters by setting up the Health and Disaster Information Network and Internet Community Centers, which will facilitate cooperation among all those in the areas of disaster management and emergency medicine. The suggested infrastructure would benefit the governments, non-government organizations, and institutions working in the areas of disaster and emergency medicine, professionals, the community, and all others associated with disaster management and emergency medicine. The creation of such an infrastructure will enable the rapid transfer of information, data, knowledge, and online connectivity from top officials to the grassroots organizations, and also among these countries regionally. This Model may be debated, modified, and tested further in the field to suit the national and local conditions. It is hoped that this exercise will result in a viable and practical model for use in public health management of disasters by South Asian countries.
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Burkle, Frederick M. "Disaster management, disaster medicine and emergency medicine." Emergency Medicine Australasia 13, no. 2 (June 2001): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2026.2001.00201.x.
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Moore, D., K. Atchison, and J. Boone. "(A106) Nursing Simulation in Disaster Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s29—s30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001087.
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In the United States in 2010, there were 81 federal disasters, for this reason and at the request of our clinical partners, when West Coast University (WCU) started its Baccalaureate of Science in Nursing (BSN) program in 2008, it recognized the need to have a course in disaster management. The Disaster Management course was developed in concert with other parts of the curriculum such as Leadership, Physical Assessment, Critical Care courses to help students focus their assessment and intervention skills to prepare them to be future responders. As a component of the skill development, simulation exercises were developed in the simulation center within the college of nursing. To prepare students to respond to disasters, a variety of scenarios were developed to meet national patient safety goals and various types of disaster and emergency situations. In the scenarios students learn how to work as a team, follow the chain of command, assess and rapidly intervene to such medical crisis such as hemorrhaging, trauma, burns, cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest. They also learn how to delegate to the appropriate personnel as well as leadership skills. Students find this educational and reassuring to be able to practice these very high level sentinel events in a secure environment where they will get immediate feedback not only from instructors but from their peers. Preliminary research have identified students having significant improvement in their clinical skills from the first to the third exercise in regards to assessment, intervention, communication, and delegation. We have received feedback from our clinical partners that our students are better prepared than their current emergency staff in regards to disaster management and to that end we plan to work with our clinical partners to translate our class into an online course so their staff can be trained on disaster management.
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Huss, MA, Sheila M., Abdul-Akeem Sadiq, PhD, and Christopher M. Weible, PhD. "Organizations and emergency management: Information, trust, and preparedness." Journal of Emergency Management 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2012.0113.
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In what ways do information and trust relate to the level of organizational preparedness for disasters? Interview and survey data on 227 organizations in Memphis/Shelby County, TN, were analyzed to assess the extent to which organizations use disaster-related information for decision making, and report the information as adequate and relevant. Organizations were also asked to identify their sources for disaster-related information, whom they trust for helping them prepare for disasters, and their level of preparedness for disasters. The results show that more than half of the organizations in Memphis/Shelby County relied on information for disaster management, and of these organizations, the overwhelming majority agreed that the information was both adequate and relevant. The police and fire departments, Memphis/Shelby County Emergency Management Agency, and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention were identified by responding organizations as major sources of information and as organizations that they trusted the most to help them prepare for disasters. Organizations that relied on the Memphis City Government for information were more likely than other organizations to report that they were prepared for disasters.Finally, organizations that relied on the media as one of their top three information sources were less likely than other organizations to report that they were prepared for disasters.
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Horrocks, Peter, Lisa Hobbs, Vivienne Tippett, and Peter Aitken. "Paramedic Disaster Health Management Competencies: A Scoping Review." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 03 (May 28, 2019): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19004357.
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AbstractIntroduction:Paramedics are tasked with providing 24/7 prehospital emergency care to the community. As part of this role, they are also responsible for providing emergency care in the event of a major incident or disaster. They play a major role in the response stage of such events, both domestic and international. Despite this, specific standardized training in disaster management appears to be variable and inconsistent throughout the profession. A suggested method of building disaster response capacities is through competency-based education (CBE). Core competencies can provide the fundamental basis of collective learning and help ensure consistent application and translation of knowledge into practice. These competencies are often organized into domains, or categories of learning outcomes, as defined by Blooms taxonomy of learning domains. It is these domains of competency, as they relate to paramedic disaster response, that are the subject of this review.Methods:The methodology for this paper to identify existing paramedic disaster response competency domains was adapted from the guidance for the development of systematic scoping reviews, using a methodology developed by members of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI; Adelaide, South Australia) and members of five Joanna Briggs Collaborating Centres.Results:The literature search identified six articles for review that reported on paramedic disaster response competency domains. The results were divided into two groups: (1) General Core Competency Domains, which are suitable for all paramedics (both Advanced Life Support [ALS] and Basic Life Support [BLS]) who respond to any disaster or major incident; and (2) Specialist Core Competencies, which are deemed necessary competencies to enable a response to certain types of disaster. Further review then showed that three separate and discrete types of competency domains exits in the literature: (1) Core Competencies, (2) Technical/Clinical Competencies, and (3) Specialist Technical/Clinical Competencies.Conclusions:The most common domains of core competencies for paramedic first responders to manage major incidents and disasters described in the literature were identified. If it’s accepted that training paramedics in disaster response is an essential part of preparedness within the disaster management cycle, then by including these competency domains into the curriculum development of localized disaster training programs, it will better prepare the paramedic workforce’s competence and ability to effectively respond to disasters and major incidents.
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Liu, Jida, Changqi Dong, Shi An, and Qiang Mai. "Dynamic Evolution Analysis of the Emergency Collaboration Network for Compound Disasters: A Case Study Involving a Public Health Emergency and an Accident Disaster during COVID-19." Healthcare 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2022): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10030500.
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Compound disasters are highly complex and can involve different types of disasters. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, compound disasters of public health emergencies, accident disasters, and natural hazards have occurred frequently all over the world; therefore, it is important to establish effective compound disaster emergency collaboration networks. Thus, this study examined the 7 March building collapse in Quanzhou City as a case study. This case was a typical compound disaster involving a public health emergency and an accident disaster during COVID-19. Based on the network analysis, the overall response and dynamic characteristics of the emergency collaboration for compound disasters were examined in this study. A compound disaster emergency collaboration network (ECN) was constructed by identifying the interactional relationships between emergency organizations. After applying time slices, the dynamic evolution of network structure, organizational–functional relations, organizational attributes, and cross-organizational relationships were discussed. The research results showed the following: (1) The density and connectivity of the compound disaster ECN first decreased before increasing. Meanwhile, the evolution of the network structure followed a path from decentralized to concentrated and from being uneven to an equilibrium. (2) The characteristics and practices of compound disasters during different periods indicated varied emergency needs for emergency organizations. We found that the formation of emergency tasks not only involved the passive adaptation to match the practice for compound disasters, but also the active choices of emergency organizations when facing compound disasters according to their collective experiences and decisions. (3) The national emergency management departments, the government emergency rescue organizations, and the local governments were the core organizations of the ECN. Public health management departments and social organizations were also required to participate in the ECN to improve the diverse and heterogeneous distribution of resources. (4) With increased demands during a compound disaster emergency, the number of cross-organizational collaborative relationships gradually increased. This study explored compound disaster emergencies from the perspective of network analysis to improve our understanding of the current and developing organizational relationships and practices during a compound disaster event. The dynamic characteristics of compound disasters require efficient adaptation and improvements of the collaborative mechanisms involved during emergencies.
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Stephenson, Rob S., and Charles DuFrane. "Disasters and Development: Part I. Relationships between Disasters and Development." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17, no. 2 (June 2002): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000273.
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AbstractThis module introduces a paradigm for understanding the disaster/ development interface. Specifically, the module asserts that disasters and development are linked closely in that disasters can both destroy development initiatives and create development opportunities, and that development schemes can both increase and decrease vulnerability. The module consists of four parts:Part One introduces these concepts and discusses how disasters can vary from one type of hazard to another, as well as from one type of economic condition to another.Part Two develops the paradigm in depth, and provides case examples to amplify the points made in the text.Part Three describes and discusses different methods and tools for analyzing decisions for potential investment of resources, and should enhance the reader's capacity to analyze the mitigational benefits of development alternatives in both the pre- and post-disaster context.Part Four conceptualizes the role of UN agencies, NGOs, and the affected communities in promoting development based on the concepts discussed in the module.This training module, Disasters and Development, initially was designed to introduce this aspect of disaster management to an audience of UN organization professionals who form disaster management teams, as well as to government counterpart agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and donors. The educational process has been designed to increase the audience's awareness of the nature and management of disasters, in order to lead to better performance in disaster preparedness and response.The content has been written by experts in the field of disaster management and in general follows the UNDP/UNDRO Disaster Management Manual and its principles, procedures, and terminology.
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Yang, PhD, MSc, BSc, MBCS, CITP, Lili. "On-site information sharing for emergency response management." Journal of Emergency Management 5, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2007.0025.
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Emergency response to any man-made or natural disasters involves different organizations—such as fire and rescue service, emergency medical services, law enforcement (police forces), and responders from other governmental and nongovernmental organizations. Information sharing and management among these responding organizations is essential for the success of the emergency responses, not only during a disaster but also before and after the disaster. Information sharing among different organizations cannot occur overnight and must be in place before a disaster occurs, be able to be easily used during the disaster, and be maintained after the disaster. In this article, information sharing requirements and features for emergency response are discussed before an information sharing infrastructure is proposed. It is particularly expected to enable the response organizations to efficiently communicate with each other in the charged and high-pressure atmosphere of an on-going disaster response. On-site information collection is suggested to be carried out through wireless sensor networks (WSN) and radio frequency identification (RFID). The key technologies for securing information sharing in emergency response management are identified. Our ongoing project SafetyNET is described to illustrate the implementation of the information sharing system.
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Boone, J., and D. Moore. "(P1-61) Nursing Education for Disaster Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003931.
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In Southern California in 2010, there were 76 declared disasters of which the majority were in Southern California, for this reason and at the request of our clinical partners, when West Coast University (WCU) started its nursing program in 2008, it recognized the need to have a course in disaster management. With nursing being the largest of the health professions, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recognized the need to incorporate disaster nursing in its new Baccalaureate Nursing standards. The Disaster Management course was developed in concert with other parts of the curriculum such as Leadership, Physical Assessment, Critical Care courses to help students focus their assessment and intervention skills to prepare them to be future responders. The disaster management course is delivered in both didactic and hands on format including online Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) modules, disaster drills, guest lecturers and field trips. Students are also introduced to many volunteer opportunities and are trained to be disaster ready once they are needed. Students are excited and ready to volunteer at various organizations before graduation such as the American Red Cross, the Medical Volunteer Program and the Disaster Medical Assistance Teams. Since WCU has new campuses, the students have been instrumental in implementing a new disaster plan for our facilities, including developing flyers, videos and conducting disaster drills. We have received feedback from our clinical partners that our students are better prepared than their current emergency staff in regards to disaster management and to that end we plan to work with our clinical partners to translate our class into an online course so their staff can be trained on disaster management.
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Charvat, MPA, CEM, Steven, and Elenka Jarolimek, MUP. "Practicing emergency management in institutions of higher education." Journal of Emergency Management 3, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2005.0028.
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Due to the substantial economic losses in the recent decade resulting from natural and human-caused disasters, many US colleges and universities have established their own emergency management offices and departments. This review evaluates the University of Washington’s first year in establishing an emergency management office, the Federal Emergency Man - agement Agency’s role in supporting college and university disaster coordination efforts through the development of the Disaster Resistant University program, and the future of emergency management programs at institutes of higher education.
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Cheng, Yunsong, and Yonglin Yuan. "Improving Disaster Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17, S2 (December 2002): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00009249.
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Corbin, Tanya Buhler. "Teaching Disaster Management Using a Multi-Phase Simulation." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 36, no. 3 (November 2018): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701803600307.
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This article details the development and implementation of a simulated disaster scenario for disaster policy and emergency management students. Through a coordinated effort across a disaster policy course and emergency management course, this pedagogical method was used to apply the theoretical lessons and course content to a simulation of a complex disaster event. In keeping with the FEMA Whole Community Approach, the simulation involved the full range of community members and stakeholders. Students played roles of government officials at local, state, and national levels, community members, non-profit organizations, emergency managers, and first responders working in coordination to respond to an increasingly complex disaster scenario of an extensive power outage. Detailed in this article is the process of developing and implementing the simulation, with information useful for other instructors who might implement this or similar exercises in their courses. This exercise can be adapted for multiple disciplines and courses related to disasters and emergency management.
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Maulana, A. "Multi-Disaster Management Strategy in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 921, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/921/1/012056.
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Abstract Managing natural disasters amid the Covid-19 pandemic needs a special strategic approach. Indonesia, as a natural disaster-prone country, is now facing a problem due to areas with high vulnerability and a lack of disaster literacy. A multi-disaster e.g., the occurrence of natural disasters in the middle of Covid-19) management strategy is badly needed to face up to this situation. This paper offers a multi-disaster management strategy based on empirical experience as a reference for stakeholders, especially government at all levels. Five strategies are offered to overcome the impacts of a multi-disaster event, especially in natural disaster-prone areas with high Covid-19 case rates. Strengthening government institutions is the first priority to be addressed as coordination among government at all levels (from central to regency and city governments) will minimize the casualties. Logistic and infrastructure arrangements should be well managed to avoid any panic and chaos during multi-disasters. Recruitment of volunteers could be very helpful during the emergency response stage. Provision of evacuation sites and temporary shelters that meet the Covid-19 requirements is a must to prevent virus spread during evacuation and emergency response stages. Last but not least, increasing individual disaster literacy should be considered an essential component of a multi-disaster management strategy. Finally, well-managed coordination between all stakeholders is paramount, especially in natural disaster-prone areas with a high level of Covid-19 spread.
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Willson, Katie A., Gerard J. FitzGerald, and David Lim. "Disaster Management in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 36, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x21000200.
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AbstractObjective:This scoping review aims to map the roles of rural and remote primary health care professionals (PHCPs) during disasters.Introduction:Disasters can have catastrophic impacts on society and are broadly classified into natural events, man-made incidents, or a mixture of both. The PHCPs working in rural and remote communities face additional challenges when dealing with disasters and have significant roles during the Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery (PPRR) stages of disaster management.Methods:A Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was utilized, and the search was conducted over seven electronic databases according to a priori protocol.Results:Forty-one papers were included and sixty-one roles were identified across the four stages of disaster management. The majority of disasters described within the literature were natural events and pandemics. Before a disaster occurs, PHCPs can build individual resilience through education. As recognized and respected leaders within their community, PHCPs are invaluable in assisting with disaster preparedness through being involved in organizations’ planning policies and contributing to natural disaster and pandemic surveillance. Key roles during the response stage include accommodating patient surge, triage, maintaining the health of the remaining population, instituting infection control, and ensuring a team-based approach to mental health care during the disaster. In the aftermath and recovery stage, rural and remote PHCPs provide long-term follow up, assisting patients in accessing post-disaster support including delivery of mental health care.Conclusion:Rural and remote PHCPs play significant roles within their community throughout the continuum of disaster management. As a consequence of their flexible scope of practice, PHCPs are well-placed to be involved during all stages of disaster, from building of community resilience and contributing to early alert of pandemics, to participating in the direct response when a disaster occurs and leading the way to recovery.
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Smith, Erin C., Frederick M. Burkle, Peter Aitken, and Peter Leggatt. "Seven Decades of Disasters: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 4 (August 2018): 418–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000638.
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AbstractIntroductionThe impact of disasters and large-scale crises continues to increase around the world. To mitigate the potential disasters that confront humanity in the new millennium, an evidence-informed approach to disaster management is needed. This study provides the platform for such an evidence-informed approach by identifying peer-reviewed disaster management publications from 1947 through July 2017.MethodsPeer-reviewed disaster management publications were identified using a comprehensive search of: MEDLINE (US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA); CINAHL (EBSCO Information Services; Ipswich, Massachusetts USA); EMBASE (Elsevier; Amsterdam, Netherlands); PsychInfo (American Psychological Association; Washington DC, USA); and the Cochrane Library (The Cochrane Collaboration; Oxford, United Kingdom).ResultsA total of 9,433 publications were identified. The publications were overwhelmingly descriptive (74%) while 18% of publications reported the use of a quantitative methodology and eight percent used qualitative methodologies. Only eight percent of these publications were classified as being high-level evidence. The publications were published in 918 multi-disciplinary journals. The journal Prehospital and Disaster Medicine (World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine; Madison, Wisconsin USA) published the greatest number of disaster-management-related publications (9%). Hurricane Katrina (2005; Gulf Coast USA) had the greatest number of disaster-specific publications, followed by the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks (New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania USA). Publications reporting on the application of objective evaluation tools or frameworks were growing in number.Conclusion:The “science” of disaster management is spread across more than 900 different multi-disciplinary journals. The existing evidence-base is overwhelmingly descriptive and lacking in objective, post-disaster evaluations.SmithEC, BurkleFMJr, AitkenP, LeggattP. Seven decades of disasters: a systematic review of the literature. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):418–423
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Qian, Xiaoping. "Regional Geological Disasters Emergency Management System Monitored by Big Data Platform." Processes 10, no. 12 (December 19, 2022): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10122741.
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In order to deal with the hazards caused by geological disasters in time, an emergency management system is proposed based on association rule data mining. With the support of a big data platform, a regional geological disaster emergency management system is built based on monitoring data. In the result analysis, the association rule algorithm demonstrates high computing power in the test, which can filter the data with strong association rules. In addition, the big data platform can allow data visualization, which has good data storage capacity and disaster early warning capacity. In the simulation test of the emergency management system, it was found that the system is feasible in theory. When it is applied to the actual disaster emergency management, it wasfound that, in the face of geological disasters, the processing speed of relevant departments increased by 59.4%, and the allocation of personnel and materials wasmore reasonable. The above results show that the big data platform monitoring data can improve the regional geological disasters emergency management capacity and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property.
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Cahyono, SA Tri, E. Kuntjorowati, I. Hermawati, Ikawati, C. Rusmiyati, and A. Purnama. "Disaster risk management based on local wisdom in handling natural disaster victims." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012023.
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Abstract Natural disasters that occur affect the welfare of the community. This study aims to examine disaster risk management based on local wisdom to minimize natural disasters’ victims. It was conducted in five districts and cities, involving 100 respondents and using mixed methods. The results of the study found a community-based disaster management forum called KSB (disaster preparedness village). KSB’s partnership with stakeholders in the form of pre-disaster technical guidance and emergency response is well established. In the pre-disaster stage, KSB provides an early warning system to condition community preparedness. In the emergency response stage, KSB handles disaster victims according to standard operating procedures. In the post-disaster stage, KSB helps manage aid, find sources of support, and maintain infrastructure in refugee camps. Disaster Alert Village (KSB) manages logistics, but has not provided socio-psychological assistance to victims, and does not have a granary and social substation, but has not found involvement of groups with special needs and vulnerable in handling disaster victims; It is recommended the need for active involvement, social protection for the special needs and the vulnerable.
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Demir Ozbek, E., S. Zlatanova, S. Ates Aydar, and T. Yomralioglu. "3D GEO-INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-101-2016.
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A conceptual approach is proposed to define 3D geo-information requirement for different types of disasters. This approach includes components such as Disaster Type-Sector-Actor-Process-Activity-Task-Data. According to disaster types processes, activities, tasks, sectors, and responsible and operational actors are derived. Based on the tasks, the needed level of detail for 3D geo-information model is determined. The levels of detail are compliant with the 3D international standard CityGML. After a brief introduction on the disaster phases and geo-information requirement for actors to perform the tasks, the paper discusses the current situation of disaster and emergency management in Turkey and elaborates on components of conceptual approach. This paper discusses the 3D geo-information requirements for the tasks to be used in the framework of 3D geo-information model for Disaster and Emergency Management System in Turkey. The framework is demonstrated for an industrial fire case in Turkey.
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Demir Ozbek, E., S. Zlatanova, S. Ates Aydar, and T. Yomralioglu. "3D GEO-INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR DISASTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 7, 2016): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-101-2016.
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A conceptual approach is proposed to define 3D geo-information requirement for different types of disasters. This approach includes components such as Disaster Type-Sector-Actor-Process-Activity-Task-Data. According to disaster types processes, activities, tasks, sectors, and responsible and operational actors are derived. Based on the tasks, the needed level of detail for 3D geo-information model is determined. The levels of detail are compliant with the 3D international standard CityGML. After a brief introduction on the disaster phases and geo-information requirement for actors to perform the tasks, the paper discusses the current situation of disaster and emergency management in Turkey and elaborates on components of conceptual approach. This paper discusses the 3D geo-information requirements for the tasks to be used in the framework of 3D geo-information model for Disaster and Emergency Management System in Turkey. The framework is demonstrated for an industrial fire case in Turkey.
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Zeth, Arwam Hermanus Markus, Guruh Suprayitno, Endah Sri Rahayu, and Sulistiyani Sulistiyani. "Self-Efficacy and Emergency Preparedness in Indonesia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, G (February 24, 2022): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8485.
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Purpose: Indonesia had the highest death toll in the world due to earthquakes and tsunami. In recent years, Indonesia has changed its disaster management strategy, from emergency response and preparedness to disaster management preparedness. This study aims to analyze the relationship of self-efficacy with the preparedness of nurses, IEDNA members, in dealing with natural disasters in Indonesia.
Methods: This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population is a member of the Indonesian Emergency and Disaster Nurses Association (IEDNA). The sample was 107 nurses that sampled using random cluster sampling. The data were analyzed using Fisher's test with a significance level of 95%.
Results: Out of 510, 107 nurses became respondents in the study. The gender of the majority of respondents was male (56.1%). As many as 46.7% of respondents were dominated by respondents aged 31-40 years, 34.6% of respondents worked in the Emergency Department. Most respondents (41.1%) had less than one year of experience as emergency nurses. The result of self-efficacy test was p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05). The majority of emergency nurses (94%) in Indonesia have good self-efficacy in dealing with disasters, although some do not have experience in disaster management. This is because the emergency nurses in Indonesia are often attended disaster management training.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the preparedness phase was good and there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and nurse preparedness in facing the disasters.
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Shu, Yufei, and Kazuo Furuta. "ICONE15-10572 Development of Emergency Response System for Disaster Management." Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2007.15 (2007): _ICONE1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2007.15._icone1510_307.
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Ghoni, Ruzlaini, and Tarmizi Ibrahim. "Internet of Things-Based Emergency Response Management." International Journal of Disaster Response and Emergency Management 1, no. 1 (January 2018): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdrem.2018010103.
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Disaster leads to huge destruction in terms of economic and human lives. While several technologies are available to cater disaster's occurrence, the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has opened a promising door toward dealing with disasters. This article proposes IoT-based emergency response management, which is a standalone system that enables wireless connection to trapped survivors, and to the Internet or any extended network during emergency relief operations. The system integrates heterogeneous wireless devices and various communicating technologies to enable end-to-end network connectivity, which is monitored by a cloud IoT platform. The collected data is then pushed to the control center using multi hop device-to-device communication. The overall system performance was evaluated according to relevant metrics including end-to-end link quality estimation, throughput, and delay.
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Alim, Ahmad, Budi Santosa, Rahmawati Husein, Arif Nurkholis, Zuhdiyah Nihayati, Corona Rintawan, Al Afik, et al. "Comprehensive Safe Hospital Implementation in Rural Area of Indonesia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19001638.
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Introduction:Located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Indonesia has to cope with the constant risk of many disasters. Hospitals in Indonesia are very vulnerable. Around 1,300 hospitals suffered damage since the Aceh tsunami (2006), with losses reaching 3 billion USD. Muhammadiyah is an Indonesian non-governmental organization (NGO) that has more than 300 hospitals. It is one of the forerunners in the Safe Hospital Initiative in Indonesia and has implemented a program named Hospital Preparedness and Community Readiness for Emergency and Disaster (HPCRED), which strengthened PKU Muhammadiyah hospitals in Bima (West Nusa Tenggara), the only hospital in Bima City, and in Palangkaraya (Central Borneo), funded by the Australian government.Methods:HPCRED improved the hospital through implementing two trainings (Hospital Disaster Management and Disaster Medical Officer), three workshops (Disaster Risk Management Policy, Hospital Emergency Response Plan, and Forming Hospital Disaster Management Committee and Disaster Medical Team), four exercises (Medical Skill Drill, Table Top, Command Post, and Full Scale). The improvement was evaluated through Muhammadiyah Safe Hospital Standard and Assessment Tool, which assessed four standards based on WHO Comprehensive Safe Hospital Framework (2015): (1) Management, (2) Human Resource, (3) Structure and Infrastructure, and (4) Integration and Cooperation.Results:After two years of program, both hospitals improved significantly. The PKU Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya index improved from 53 to 331 while the PKU Muhammadiyah Bima Hospital index improved from 83 to 374.Discussion:Before the program, hospitals were not ready to face disasters. The PKU Muhammadiyah Bima Hospital collapsed during a flash flood in December 2016. PKU Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya was overwhelmed during a haze disaster that occurred in April 2016. After the program, the hospitals were safe and ready to face similar disasters. They also already had the ability to respond to disasters on other islands, such as the earthquake in Lombok and Palu (2018).
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Sauer, Lauren M., Melissa L. McCarthy, Ann Knebel, and Peter Brewster. "Major Influences on Hospital Emergency Management and Disaster Preparedness." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 3, S1 (June 2009): S68—S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e31819ef060.
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ABSTRACTThe role of hospitals in the community response to disasters has received increased attention, particularly since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Hospitals must be prepared to respond to and recover from all-hazards emergencies and disasters. There have been several initiatives to guide hospitals’ role in these events and to assist hospitals in their effort to prepare for them. This article focuses on the efforts of 4 distinct groups: The Joint Commission (TJC), the executive branch of the US government, the US Congress, and the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Despite the different approach each group uses to assist hospitals to improve their emergency management capabilities, the initiatives reinforce one another and have resulted in increased efforts by hospitals to improve their disaster preparedness and response capabilities and community integration. The continued progress of our medical response system in all-hazard emergencies and disasters depends in large part on the future guidance and support of these 4 key institutions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 1):S68–S73)
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Mojtahedi, Mohammad, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, Fatma Lestari, Suparni, and Oktomi Wijaya. "Developing Hospital Emergency and Disaster Management Index Using TOPSIS Method." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 5213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095213.
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Indonesia is a country prone to experiencing natural hazards and disasters, which have frequently damaged public infrastructure, including hospitals. The role of hospitals is crucial to alleviate the impact of disasters. However, there is still a lack of study that analyzes the factors that influence the readiness of hospitals in emergency situations. Filling in this gap, the aim of this paper is to analyze and rank hospitals across West Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia by the resilience of their emergency management approaches. This research seeks to measure hospital resiliency during emergencies and disasters. Results indicate that the emergency and disaster management coordination, response and disaster recovery planning, communication and information management, logistics and evacuation, human resources, finance, patient care and support services, decontamination and security are key attributes for the decision-making matrix. Based on the Hospital Safety Index tool, this research proposes the Hospital Emergency and Disaster Management (HEDM) index by combining the key attributes and sub-attributes using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) as a multi-attribute decision-making technique. The paper concludes that the anticipated benefits of analyzing the resilience of hospitals by using HEDM is the identification of the most susceptible hospitals based on their levels of readiness and resiliency in areas which are prone to experiencing disasters. This prioritization is important for resource allocation and budget planning.
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Faturahman, Burhanudin Mukhamad. "Strategy of Emergency Response of Flood and Landslide Disaster in Pacitan Regency." Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktek Administrasi 15, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31113/jia.v15i2.144.
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Disaster emergency response is an important stage in the process of disaster management in which the action is performed while tackling natural disasters. The goal of the research is to describe the phenomenon of floods and landslides disasters as well as the efforts of emergency response in the event of a disaster in pacitan regency year 2017. Research conducted through a descriptive qualitative approach. Method of data collection with interviews, observation and documentation. As for the data analysis stage include data condensation, data presentation and the final stage, namely the withdrawal of the conclusion. The results showed flooding and landslides diasters in pacitan regency in the year 2017 including big disaster from a series of disasters that have occurred. These categories include national scale natural disaster because there are any victims and damage inflicted is large enough so that the various parties get involved in the handling of the disaster. The process of emergency response in the event of a disaster, led by komadan dandim 0801 military see as commander of the emergency response to natural disasters. Emergency response could be made in learning to cope with disasters that are better realized through disaster prevention and mitigation. Therefore, the overall infrastructure improvements that are vulnerable to disaster-affected and disaster-prone area mapping as well as awareness of stakeholders in the disaster prevention and mitigation very recommended to improve the ability of the community in the face of natural disasters.
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van den Berg, Bellis, Linda Grievink, Kersten Gutschmidt, Thierry Lang, Stephen Palmer, Marc Ruijten, Rene Stumpel, and Joris Yzermans. "The Public Health Dimension of Disasters—Health Outcome Assessment of Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, S2 (August 2008): s55—s59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00021257.
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AbstractA broad range of health problems are related to disasters. Insight into these health problems is needed for targeted disaster management. Disaster health outcome assessment can provide insight into the health effects of disasters.During the 15th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine in Amsterdam (2007), experts in the field of disaster epidemiology discussed important aspects of disaster health outcome assessment, such as: (1) what is meant by disaster health outcome assessment?; (2) why should one conduct a disaster health outcome assessment, and what are the objectives?, and (3) who benefits from the information obtained by a disaster health outcome assessment?A disaster health outcome assessment can be defined as a systematic assessment of the current and potential health problems in a population affected by a disaster. Different methods can be used to examine these health problems such as: (1) rapid assessment of health needs; (2) (longitudinal) epidemiological studies using questionnaires; (3) continuous surveillance of health problems using existing registration systems; (4) assessment of the use and distribution of health services; and (5) research into the etiology of the health effects of disasters.The public health impact of a disaster may not be immediately evident. Disaster health outcome assessment provides insight into the health related consequences of disasters. The information that is obtained by performing a disaster health outcome assessment can be used to initiate and adapt the provision of health care. Besides information for policy-makers, disaster health outcome assessments can contribute to the knowledge and evidence base of disaster health outcomes (scientific objective). Finally, disaster health outcome assessment might serve as a signal of recognition of the problems of the survivors.Several stakeholders may benefit from the information obtained from a disaster health outcome assessment. Disaster decision-makers and the public health community benefit from performing a disaster health outcome assessment, since it provides information that is useful for the different aspects of disaster management. Also, by providing information about the nature, prevalence, and course of health problems, (mental) health care workers can anticipate the health needs and requirements in the affected population.It is important to realize that the disaster is not over when the acute care has been provided. Instead, disasters will cause many other health problems and concerns such as infectious diseases and mental health problems. Disaster health outcome assessments provide insight into the public health impact of disasters.
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Wang, Mingyu, Shizhong Lian, and Yibo Wu. "Overview of Emergency Management and Disaster Medicine in the Context of COVID-19." Journal of Emergency Management and Disaster Communications 01, no. 01 (October 2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2689980920400059.
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Human production, scientific research and economic activities interact with the natural environment. The industrial revolution promotes the development of human social productivity, but at the same time, it also affects and destroys the living environment. The emergence of catastrophic accidents, the leakage of a large number of harmful substances, and the explosive spread of disease outbreaks have brought many new medical problems. In recent decades, natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods have occurred frequently, man-made disasters such as terrorist attacks and nuclear leakage, and public health emergencies such as SARS and COVID-19 have directly threatened the survival and development of mankind. This paper reviews the background, definition, content, and development of emergency management and disaster medicine, and illustrates the significance of emergency management, disaster medicine, and health communication for social security and stability in the context of the community with a shared future for mankind, based on China’s experience in fighting SARS and COVID-19.
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Arnesen, S. J., and E. Norton. "(A44) Roadmap to Disaster Medicine and Public Health Information." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000562.
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Reliable & easily accessible health information is needed before, during, and after disasters. The U.S. National Library of Medicine's Disaster Information Management Research Center has developed a portal linking to resources, guides, and tools for use by disaster/emergency personnel in preparing for, responding, to and recovering from disasters (http://disasterinfo.nlm.nih.gov). This session will introduce you to many of the disaster health information sources available on the Internet. Disaster information tools, such as the Wireless Information System for Emergency Responders (WISER) and the Radiation Emergency Medical Management (REMM) resource will be demonstrated. WISER assists responders in HazMat/CBRN incidents. Capabilities include support for substance identification, on-site incident management, and health management/guidance. The REMM tool provides guidance for health care personnel about clinical diagnosis & treatment of radiation injury during radiological & nuclear emergencies. WISER and REMM are available on the Web and as apps for a variety of mobile devices including the Blackberry and iPhone/iPod Touch/iPad. In addition how to access the disaster health literature from PubMed, the Resource Guide for Public Health Preparedness, and other sources will be discussed. Social medial tools for keeping up-to-date will be presented. Topics to be presented: NLM and other US resources for disaster health information. Other sources of disaster health information, including associations; non-governmental organizations, and international organizations. Databases and information aggregators. Disaster information tools and mobile applications Evaluating/assessing information on the web. How to stay up-to-date: listservs, RSS feeds, blogs, Twitter, etc.
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Schramm, Don, and Ruth Newman. "Principles of Disaster Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 12, no. 4 (December 1997): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00037870.
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Hu, Shan Feng, Hong Bing Zhu, and Yu Wang. "Natural Disaster Risk Management and Sustainable Development Research of Huangshan Scenic Area." Advanced Materials Research 709 (June 2013): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.709.735.
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The paper takes Huangshan scenic area as the research object and uses depth interviews and field investigation methods to analyze its natural disaster risk management situation. The research shows that the natural disasters in Huangshan scenic area can be divided into three main types: geological disasters, meteorological and hydrological disasters and forest disasters. Then, the paper summarizes the experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the establishment of Huangshan Scenic Area Disaster Management Center, Scenic lightning monitoring and warning system, and emergency rescue team. Finally, the paper brings up countermeasures for sustainable development of the scenic area from five aspects: enhancing the risk management awareness, using new technology, strengthening stakeholder management and improving the emergency rescue team mechanism.
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Du, W., G. Fitzgerald, M. Clark, and X. Hou. "(P1-110) Key Elements of Successful Disaster Health Management Policy." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s134—s135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004432.
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IntroductionDisaster health management policies are being developed and implemented by various government and non-governmental organizations. However, there has been a lack of studies to comprehensively identify the key elements in the successful disaster health management policies.MethodsA survey of experts was used to identify key elements of successful disaster health management policy arrangements. This research conducted 10 face-to-face interviews, together with 22 e-mail surveys to identify the key elements. The experts were selected based on the person's background and expertise in disaster health management and policy analysis.ResultsKey elements of disaster health management policies were identified and introduced in four parts, including the characteristics of conceptual policy framework of disaster health management (risk assessment and recognition, strategic view, resilience community, inclusive and accountable, good structure with clear authority, fault tolerant, good communication, rigidity and flexibility, education and training, mutual understanding, effective funding), elements of policy development (adequate leadership, extensive consultation, clear goals and terms, easy to access and implement, locally owned and accepted, standard and flexibility, linkage with other policies, keep updated, involve all the stakeholders, regular drills as part of the policy), elements of policy implementation (well defined structure and agencies, professional disaster management body, delegate the power and coordination, maintain interests and involvement, communication, recognition of disaster risks, policy familiarity, full participation of health elements, financial support, specific measurement), and elements of policy effectiveness evaluation (advisory committee, evaluate true disasters, evaluate policies in exercises and drills, test people's knowledge, evidence of stakeholders contributing, practice and procedural change, evaluate operating procedural, scientific evidence).ConclusionsKey elements must be considered in developing, implementing, and evaluating of disaster health management policies to ensure the success of these policies.
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Kayano, Ryoma, Emily Chan, Virginia Murray, Jonathan Abrahams, and Sarah Barber. "WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (TPRN): Report of the Kobe Expert Meeting." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7 (April 6, 2019): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071232.
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The WHO Thematic Platform for Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management Research Network (TPRN) was established in 2016 in response to the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The TPRN facilitates global collaborative action for improving the scientific evidence base in health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM). In 2018, the WHO convened a meeting to identify key research questions, bringing together leading experts from WHO, TPRN, World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM), and the Japan International Cooperation Agency, and delegates to the Asia Pacific Conference on Disaster Medicine (APCDM). The meeting identified research questions in five major areas for Health EDRM: health data management, psychosocial management, community risk management, health workforce development, and research methods and ethics. Funding these key research questions is essential to accelerate evidence-based actions during emergencies and disasters.
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Pinet-Peralta, PhD, Luis M., Rick Bissell, PhD, Katrina Hein, BSc, MSc, and David Prakash, MSc. "Emergency management policies and natural hazards in the United States: A state-level analysis." Journal of Emergency Management 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2011): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2011.0051.
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Every year, natural hazards kill and injure hundreds of people and also have significant social, economic, and political effects on society. However, not all disasters or crises are the focus of state, regional, or national efforts to mitigate their effects. In this article, the authors use Wilson’s policy typology to describe the unintended consequences that disaster legislation has had on the distribution of costs and benefits of disaster relief programs in the United States. The data provide evidence that the concentration of disaster relief programs for natural disasters is not based on need and that interest groups commonly drive disaster policies to benefit those with the greatest risk for losses rather than those in greatest need. Policymakers can use this information to examine both intended and unintended consequences of disaster response and recovery policies and can orient the limited resources available toward those who are least capable of recovering from natural disasters.
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Cuny, Frederick C. "Introduction to Disaster Management: Lesson 2—Concepts and Terms in Disaster Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 8, no. 1 (March 1993): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00040085.
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Chang, L., and S. M. Briggs. "(A105) A Core Curriculum for Nurses in Disaster Preparedness and Response." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001075.
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BackgroundNurses play an essential role in disaster response. All health care responders, including nurses, must have knowledge of the key principles of disaster medicine. The International Trauma and Disaster Institute (ITDI) at Massachusetts General Hospital has developed a core curriculum for Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) management. The curriculum provides all members of the multidisciplinary disaster team with the fundamentals of the MCI response. The proposed concurrent session will report on understanding of the fundamental knowledge in disaster medicine and preparedness for nurses in local and international disaster responses.Discussion and ObservationsDisasters follow no rules. Traditionally, medical providers have held the erroneous belief that all disasters are different, especially those involving terrorism. In reality, all disasters, regardless of etiology, have similar medical and public health consequences. A consistent medical approach to disasters, based on an understanding of their common features and the response they require, is becoming the accepted practice throughout the world. This strategy, called the MCI response, has the primary objective of reducing the mortality/morbidity caused by the disaster. The Advanced Disaster Medical Response (ADMR) Course, available in eight languages, including Chinese, is designed to train nurses in the ABC's of basic medical and public health disaster care. The delivery of optimal care in a disaster relies on a common understanding of each health professional's role and common mastery of defined essentials of disaster response such as the Incident Command System, field triage, decontamination, care of specific injuries, environmental considerations, psychological response to disasters, and care of the dead and their families. Understanding key principles and training in medical disaster response will guide nurses in disaster preparedness and response to future disasters.
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Bhardwaj, J. R., and T. S. Sachdeva. "(A236) National Guidelines on the Management of the Dead after Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s64—s65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002226.
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Despite technological advancements, India is vulnerable to disasters. Disasters of any etiology have the common denominator of a large number of deaths in a short span of time. Thus, the Administration is saddled with the indomitable task of retrieving and recovering dead bodies, then identifying them to enable the handing over of the remains to their next-of-kin. Initial media focus is often based on the myth that dead bodies cause epidemics. Therefore, bodies often are placed in mass burials or mass cremations universally, without being identified and without preserving the individuality of the deceased. This culminates into social, psychological, emotional, economic, and legal repercussions (financial compensation, property rights, inheritance, and issues of remarriage) regarding the legacy of the deceased, thereby exacerbating the damage caused by disasters. With the paradigm shift from the erstwhile response-centric approach after the enactment of the Disaster Management Act in 2005, to the holistic management of disasters, the National Disaster Management Authority embarked on the task of formulating the guidelines on this sensitive and vital issue. These Guidelines are designed to provide not only technical information, but also dwell on administrative aspects that will support the correct approach in handling dead bodies with the highest possible quality of standards/measures, and functioning in an interdisciplinary manner to ensure positive identification of victims. Management of the dead after disasters is under the ambit of the Incident Response System being incorporated in the National, State and District “all hazard” Disaster Management Plans are intended to achieve the desired aim that no unidentified body should be laid to rest.