To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Emergency management – United States – Planning.
Journal articles on the topic 'Emergency management – United States – Planning'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Emergency management – United States – Planning.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Feldstein, Bruce. "Emergency Medicine in the United States. Role in Disaster Planning and Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 3 (1985): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065821.
Full textAbstract:
International organizations such as the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine (Club of Mainz) have brought attention to the need for improved worldwide emergency medical services (EMS) systems and disaster preparedness (1). Similar concerns in the United States (US) for improved emergency medical care have resulted in the organization of emergency medicine as a new medical specialty (2). The practice of this specialty of medicine in some ways differs from the practice of emergency medicine, reanimation medicine, or resuscitology, in Europe. In the United States, emergency medicine specialists provide emergency care for the full range of emergency health conditions, including accidents and trauma, medical emergencies, toxicologic emergencies, psychiatric and social emergencies, and disasters. This care is provided primarily in hospital emergency departments and includes the immediate initial recognition, evaluation, treatment and disposition of these patients with acute illness and injury. For continuing care, patients are referred to their own physicians.Emergency medicine physicians provide medical direction for community EMS and supervise the prehospital emergency medical care provided by non-physicians (emergency medical technicians and paramedics). Emergency physicians engage in the administration, research and teaching of all aspects of emergency medical care. They also provide consultation to governmental and nongovernmental organizations on emergency health care issues. Recently, with the basic framework of emergency medicine established, attention is being given to disaster planning and management.
2
Hall, PhD, Stacey A., Lou Marciani, EdD, and Walter Cooper, EdD. "Emergency management and planning at major sports events." Journal of Emergency Management 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2008.0004.
Full textAbstract:
High profile sporting events in the United States have been identified by the Department of Homeland Security as potential targets of terrorism (Lipton E: New York Times. March 16, 2005: A1). Other potential threats to major sports events include natural disasters and crowd management issues. It is therefore imperative that agencies involved in security planning at sports venues are trained in threat/risk assessment practices and engage in multiagency collaboration to ensure effective development and coordination of game day security plans. This article will highlight the potential threats to sports events, provide an overview of research conducted on sports event security, and outline some measures that can be utilized by emergency managers in their planning and preparation for managing major sports events.
3
Curley, Tyler M. "Models of Emergency Statebuilding in the United States." Perspectives on Politics 13, no. 3 (September 2015): 697–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592715001255.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last decade, the impact of emergencies on the American state has become the subject of renewed interest. While early literature in the post-9/11 era often overlooked the historical development of crisis governance in the United States, many scholars have begun to uncover the precedents that continue to shape modern emergency management. In an effort to clarify the main analytical assumptions of the existing scholarship, I construct three models of emergency statebuilding: permanent emergency state, national security state, and contract state. The models each share an underlying framework of historical institutionalism, which defines the state as a stabilized material institutional structure that is disrupted by emergency conditions—exogenous shocks that cannot be incorporated into the normal statebuilding processes or legal order. Yet this perspective is ill-equipped to explain institutional change. I propose discursive institutionalism as an approach that emphasizes how discourse and ideas construct emergencies as objects of government management—in different ways, at different times. I then illustrate the utility of this perspective by demonstrating the influence of national planning ideas on efforts to prepare the state for emergencies before they occur.
4
Dolan, PhD, Garrett, and Dmitry Messen, PhD. "Social vulnerability: An emergency managers’ planning tool." Journal of Emergency Management 10, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2012.0095.
Full textAbstract:
The frequency of natural disasters in the United States is increasing.1 Since 1953, there has been an average of 35 Federal Emergency Management Agency declared disasters per year.2 However, more concerning is that the number of declarations has more than doubled over the last 5 years for an average of 73 per year. Although it is true that natural disasters affect everyone regardless of their respective health and/or wealth, it is also true that not everyone will experience the event in the same way. Those who can adapt to changing situations are more likely to overcome adversity. This article explains social vulnerability as an emerging concept in natural hazard management and demonstrates its utility as a tool for planning and preparing for emergencies within the Houston-Galveston hurricane storm surge evacuation zones. Practitioners will gain insight into the characteristics that make individuals vulnerable while providing a basis for determining how to plan for their needs.
5
Gill, Brendan Patrick. "Risk communications and its importance in disaster management." Journal of Emergency Management 5, no. 6 (November 1, 2007): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2007.0028.
Full textAbstract:
During the onslaught of hurricane Katrina on the gulf coast of the United States in August 2005, local emergency planning officials, state agencies, and federal entities came together to impress upon those still left in the danger zone to evacuate. Unfortunately, more than 100,000 people remained in the danger area because of various reasons. In this piece, the author will examine Protective Action Recommendations, proper and poor risk communications, and the need for emergency management officials to keep the pulse of those that they serve.
6
Morris, Stephen C. "Disaster Planning for Homeless Populations: Analysis and Recommendations for Communities." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 35, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x20000278.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHomelessness is a growing problem, with perhaps greater than a 150 million homeless people globally. The global community has prioritized the problem, as eradicating homelessness is one of the United Nation’s sustainability goals of 2030. Homelessness is a variable entity with individual, population, cultural, and regional characteristics complicating emergency preparedness. Overall, there are many factors that make homeless individuals and populations more vulnerable to disasters. These include, but are not limited to: shelter concerns, transportation, acute and chronic financial and material resource constraints, mental and physical health concerns, violence, and substance abuse. As such, homeless population classification as a special or vulnerable population with regard to disaster planning is well-accepted. Much work has been done regarding best practices of accounting for and accommodating special populations in all aspects of disaster management. Utilizing what is understood of homeless populations and emergency management for special populations, a review of disaster planning with recommendations for communities was conducted. Much of the literature on this subject generates from urban homeless in the United States, but it is assumed that some lessons learned and guidance will be translatable to other communities and settings.
7
Margus, Colton, Ritu R. Sarin, Michael Molloy, and Gregory R. Ciottone. "Crisis Standards of Care Implementation at the State Level in the United States." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 35, no. 6 (September 10, 2020): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x20001089.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIntroduction:In 2009, the Institute of Medicine published guidelines for implementation of Crisis Standards of Care (CSC) at the state level in the United States (US). Based in part on the then concern for H1N1 pandemic, there was a recognized need for additional planning at the state level to maintain health system preparedness and conventional care standards when available resources become scarce. Despite the availability of this framework, in the years since and despite repeated large-scale domestic events, implementation remains mixed.Problem:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rejuvenates concern for how health systems can maintain quality care when faced with unrelenting burden. This study seeks to outline which states in the US have developed CSC and which areas of care have thus far been addressed.Methods:An online search was conducted for all 50 states in 2015 and again in 2020. For states without CSC plans online, state officials were contacted by email and phone. Public protocols were reviewed to assess for operational implementation capabilities, specifically highlighting guidance on ventilator use, burn management, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, pediatric standards, and reliance on influenza planning.Results:Thirty-six states in the US were actively developing (17) or had already developed (19) official CSC guidance. Fourteen states had no publicly acknowledged effort. Eleven of the 17 public plans had updated within five years, with a majority addressing ventilator usage (16/17), influenza planning (14/17), and pediatric care (15/17), but substantially fewer addressing care for burn patients (9/17).Conclusion:Many states lacked publicly available guidance on maintaining standards of care during disasters, and many states with specific care guidelines had not sufficiently addressed the full spectrum of hazard to which their health care systems remain vulnerable.
8
Horney, PhD, MPH, Jennifer A., Mai Nguyen, PhD, John Cooper, PhD, Matt Simon, MA, Kristen Ricchetti-Masterson, MSPH, Shannon Grabich, MS, David Salvesen, PhD, and Philip Berke, PhD. "Accounting for vulnerable populations in rural hazard mitigation plans: Results of a survey of emergency managers." Journal of Emergency Management 11, no. 3 (February 16, 2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2013.0138.
Full textAbstract:
Rural areas of the United States are uniquely vulnerable to the impacts of natural disasters. One possible way to mitigate vulnerability to disasters in rural communities is to have a high-quality hazard mitigation plan in place. To understand the resources available for hazard mitigation planning and determine how well hazard mitigation plans in rural counties meet the needs of vulnerable populations, we surveyed the lead planning or emergency management official responsible for hazard mitigation plans in 96 rural counties in eight states in the Southeastern United States. In most counties, emergency management was responsible for implementing the county’s hazard mitigation plan and the majority of counties had experienced a presidentially declared disaster in the last 5 years. Our research findings demonstrated that there were differences in subjective measures of vulnerability (as reported by survey respondents) and objective measures of vulnerability (as determined by US Census data). In addition, although few counties surveyed included outreach to vulnerable groups as a part of their hazard mitigation planning process, a majority felt that their hazard mitigation plan addressed the needs of vulnerable populations “well” or “very well.” These differences could result in increased vulnerabilities in rural areas, particularlyfor certain vulnerable groups.
9
Kim, Jung Wook, and Kyujin Jung. "Does Voluntary Organizations’ Preparedness Matter in Enhancing Emergency Management of County Governments?" Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/14.1.1-17(2016).
Full textAbstract:
While voluntary organizations have played a critical role in preparing for and responding to disasters, few have intentionally examined the preparedness of voluntary organizations, which are fundamentally required to enhance local emergency management. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the preparedness of voluntary organizations and their effectiveness on local emergency management. By using a survey data collected among county governments in the United States, this research tests the effect of voluntary organizations’ preparedness on local emergency management. The results show that the voluntary organizations' preparedness behaviors such as their participation in local emergency planning as well as training, education, and resources for local emergency management positively affect their effectiveness on local emergency management. The findings imply that systemic volunteer management can build more effective emergency management systems through cohesive and comprehensive collaboration between public and voluntary organizations.
10
McSweeney-Feld, Mary Helen. "Assistive Technology and Older Adults in Disasters: Implications for Emergency Management." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.160.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article identifies concepts, trends, and policy gaps in the availability and service delivery of assistive technology utilized by older adults in disasters, as well as implications for emergency management planning and shelter administration. Definitions of types of assistive technology, as well as views of older adults using technology as at-risk individuals for emergency management service provision, are provided. An overview of peer-reviewed articles and gray literature is conducted, focusing on publications from 2001 to the present in the United States. Analytical frameworks used by emergency management organizations as well as regulations such as the Americans with Disabilities Act and recent court decisions on emergency shelter accessibility in disasters are reviewed. Research on the use of assistive technology by older adults during disasters is a neglected issue. The current and potential benefits of defining standards for provision and use of assistive technology for older adults during disasters has received limited recognition in emergency management planning. Older adults with disabilities utilize assistive technology to maintain their independence and dignity, and communities as well as emergency services managers need to become more aware of the needs and preferences of these older adults in their planning processes and drills as well as in service delivery during actual events. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:135–139)
11
Wolf-Fordham, Susan. "Integrating Government Silos: Local Emergency Management and Public Health Department Collaboration for Emergency Planning and Response." American Review of Public Administration 50, no. 6-7 (July 24, 2020): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074020943706.
Full textAbstract:
The United States arguably faces the most serious disaster it has faced since World War II: the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic itself has created further cascading economic, financial, and social crises. To date, approximately 114,000 Americans have died and approximately 2,000,000 (as of this writing) have become infected. American emergency planning and response, including for pandemics, begins at the local (city, town, and county) level, close to the individuals and communities most impacted. During crises like COVID-19, natural and other disasters, best practices include “whole of government” and “whole community” approaches, involving all parts of the government, community organizations, institutions, and businesses, with representation from diverse individual community stakeholders. Local emergency management and public health agencies are at the heart of emergency planning and response and thus warrant further examination. While collaboration between the two is recognized as a best practice, in reality there appear to be silos and gaps. This Commentary describes the American emergency planning system and the roles of local emergency management and public health departments. Closer examination illuminates similarities and differences in practitioner demographics, professional competencies, organizational goals, and culture. The Commentary reviews the limited research and observations of collaboration efforts and suggests areas for integrating the two practice areas in future research, education, professional training, and practice. Breaking down the silos will strengthen local emergency and public health preparedness planning and response, ultimately leading to stronger community health, well-being, resilience, and more efficient local administration.
12
Delaney, Aoife. "The politics of scale in the coordinated management and emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic." Dialogues in Human Geography 10, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043820620934922.
Full textAbstract:
This commentary examines how coordinated management and emergency response (CMER) have been mobilized within the United States and Ireland to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing upon a performative conception of scale, I argue that it is crucial to recognize the potency of the scalar politics of CMER organization to understand the differences in public health responses within and between political jurisdictions.
13
Kim, PhD, Karl, Eric Yamashita, MURP, Jiwnath Ghimire, PhD, Patricia G. Bye, MBA, and Deb Matherly, AICP. "Knowledge to action: Resilience planning among state and local transportation agencies in the United States." Journal of Emergency Management 21, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0715.
Full textAbstract:
The results of a nationwide survey of state and local agencies conducted in 2020 are summarized to understand priorities for improving transportation emergency management (EM) and resilience. Questions on EM activities, policies, and operations were answered by 190 respondents from across the country. In addition to comparing responses across transportation, EM, and other organizations (law enforcement, public works, health, environmental services, etc.), differences are analyzed based on agency size, location, experience, and hazard exposure. Respondents were also asked to prioritize EM activities for additional funding. Capabilities such as Emergency Planning, Traffic Control, Response Teams, and Situational Awareness emerge as priority areas. Approximately 60 percent of transportation agencies report updates of EM plans within the last 5 years compared to 70 percent of EM and 38 percent among other agencies. Four general linear models (GLMs) are developed and tested to determine the attributes of respondents who support improvements in (1) planning, (2) communications, (3) collaboration, and (4) transformation of agencies. An evaluative framework for measuring and managing resilience is developed and tested based on the responses. The analysis reveals diverse EM experiences, capabilities, and priorities, providing insight into future directions for sustaining and improving transportation resilience.
14
Barrett, Bridget, Bin Ran, and Rekha Pillai. "Developing a Dynamic Traffic Management Modeling Framework for Hurricane Evacuation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1733, no. 1 (January 2000): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1733-15.
Full textAbstract:
Evacuation is becoming increasingly difficult as the population of hurricane-prone regions continues to grow dramatically. In addition, development in coastal communities in the United States is expected to continue to greatly outpace new construction and improvements to the highway infrastructure. Consequently, there is a great need for hurricane evacuation models, which allow emergency response personnel to develop effective evacuation plans and management strategies. The development of a dynamic hurricane evacuation modeling framework is described, which can be used for long-term and short-term planning purposes as well as for real-time operational purposes.
15
Hullinger, P. J., D. Bickett-Weddle, T. Goldsmith, J. Roth, and J. Zack. "(A188) Foot and Mouth Disease Continuity of Business Planning for the U.S. Dairy Industry." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001841.
Full textAbstract:
If foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) was detected in the United States (U.S.), a national animal health emergency would be declared and livestock and allied industries would feel the immediate impacts of animal and product movement restrictions, animal quarantines, disease surveillance activities and other necessary measures implemented to control the disease. These control measures, while necessary to contain the outbreak, would have impacts on the normal business practices of uninfected livestock producers in affected regions, and potentially disrupt interstate commerce. Such impacts would be most disruptive to industries producing perishable products and utilizing ‘just-in-time’ supply models. One significantly impacted sector would be the U.S. dairy industry whose operations rely upon daily animal, product and other supportive movements, and do not have the capacity to store milk for more than 24-48 hours. Disruption of normal milk movement in the U.S. could affect the provision of milk and milk products, as well as create significant milk disposal, environmental and animal welfare issues. The challenge of controlling and eliminating FMD while at the same time maintaining the long term viability of the U.S. dairy industry, represents a complex and multifaceted challenge. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is collaborating in preparedness initiatives and pre-event, academia-facilitated emergency management planning efforts with states and livestock industries. A key element, critical to a successful outcome from this initiative is the involvement of industry throughout the process. One such effort is the ‘Secure Milk Supply’ (SMS) Plan project and its initial goal is to develop agreed upon processes and procedures to pick up, transport, and pasteurize milk from uninfected farms in FMD control areas thus helping to maintain business continuity for dairy producers, haulers, and processors. This presentation will describe the current approach to FMD control in the U.S., issues of special relevance to the dairy industry and the progress and planned future directions of the USDA sponsored SMS Plan.
16
Kerr, Selina E. M. "Managing Active Shooter Events in Schools: An Introduction to Emergency Management." Laws 13, no. 4 (July 2, 2024): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws13040042.
Full textAbstract:
Active shooter events involving an armed perpetrator(s) on campus are one of the main risks facing K-12 schools. Defined as planning for and responding to emergency situations, emergency or crisis management allows for an ‘acceptable’ level of risk to be achieved. This paper will go through the four principles of emergency management, detailing what each stage involves and how it can reduce risk. The first of these is mitigation, which prevents crises occurring in the first place. Effective risk and threat assessment are pertinent to this stage. Secondly, there is preparedness, which enhances the capacity of an organization to respond to various incidents. This involves drafting emergency management plans and practicing these to ensure readiness to respond. The next principle is responding to a crisis, denoting the actions taken during and immediately after a crisis, should one transpire. The final facet of emergency management planning is recovery, referring to the short-to-long-term phase of restoring a community following an incident. This paper will share insights obtained from a recent event, The Briefings, held by the I Love U Guys foundation, one of the leading school safety organizations in the United States. Specifically, the paper will focus on a possible training approach to active shooter events and other emergencies, the organization’s emergency management framework called the ‘Standard Response Protocol’. Additionally, this paper will incorporate relevant scholarly readings in order to provide an introduction to the topic of emergency management.
17
Hielscher, Allen L., Karl A. Froelich, and Dean H. Dale. "Cameo SSC and CAMEO MSO: New Tools for Planning and Initial Response." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-635.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The Hazardous Materials Response Branch (HMRB) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has added two new members to the CAMEO (Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations) family of planning and response computer software. CAMEO SSC has taken some of the tools and capabilities from previous CAMEOs and applied them to assist the network of Scientific Support Coordinators (SSC) that HMRB maintains in coastal regions of the United States. CAMEO MSO shares several modules with CAMEO SSC and was designed to be used by U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Offices for planning and for the first stages of oil spill response. These tools can be made available on high-end IBM-compatible machines operating under the Windows environment. This paper describes and demonstrates the principal modules that make up the programs and discusses possible future directions.
18
Johnson, Daryl. "Case analysis: New York City emergency planning falls short for disabled." MOJ Public Health 11, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojph.2022.11.00382.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Historically, emergency management planners have neglected to include critical stakeholders in the actual planning process, which has left thousands of vulnerable individuals who are sensory or mobility impaired open to injury and illness, during and after emergencies. Ultimately, this left gaps in both the planning and recovery phases of an emergency response for the most vulnerable. Having a clear and comprehensive understanding of the entire city, including the political landscape encompassing the citizens, the complex infrastructure, and available resources, will help inform the who, what, where, when and how to effectively develop an all-inclusive emergency plan. Over time, and as a result of many different types of disasters occurring (e.g., hurricanes, terrorist attacks, explosions), emergency managers remain challenged to continually improve upon their planning process, engaging agencies and organizations at all levels (i.e., local, state, national) to better prepare for future emergencies. One such challenge, a successful class action lawsuit brought by the Brooklyn Center for Independence of the Disabled (BCID), mandated that New York City address significant gaps in emergency planning specific to transportation, evacuation, sheltering, and unique communication needs that affect over 900,000 New Yorkers with functional disabilities.1 Methods: Extensive online search for documents, resources, court settlements, press releases all having to do with lack of emergency planning and services for disabled populations across the United States. Discussion: The DOHMH has now implemented a Post Emergency Canvassing Operation (PECO) and could be a model for other cities and states, on how to rapidly canvass, determine needs and provide referral following an emergency for the unique needs of the vulnerable population to mitigate the risk of injury or disease. This adds yet another layer of resources and support to a population that has historically been left behind.
19
Myers, L. M., and L. Fromberg. "(A324) Emergency Management Preparedness and Response Planning in the US: Aphis Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Plan (FAD PREP)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003086.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundPreparing for and responding to foreign animal diseases are critical missions to safeguard any nation's animal health and food supply. A specific challenge of foreign animal disease preparedness and response is the ability to rapidly incorporate and scale-up veterinary functions and countermeasures into emergency management operations during a disease outbreak. The United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services has established a Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Plan (FAD PReP) which provides a framework for FAD preparedness and response. The FAD PReP goal is to integrate, synchronize, and de-conflict preparedness and response capabilities, as much as possible, before an outbreak by providing goals, guidelines, strategies, and procedures that are clear, comprehensive, easily readable, easily updated, and that comply with the National Incident Management System (NIMS). An overview of FAD PReP will be presented.BodyThe APHIS FAD PReP incorporates and synchronizes the principles of the National Response Framework (NRF), the National Incident Management System (NIMS), and the National Animal Health Emergency Management System (NAHEMS). The FAD PReP contains general plans and disease specific plans that include incident goals, guidelines, strategies, procedures and timelines for local, State, Tribal and Federal responders. The FAD PReP helps raise awareness of the required veterinary functions and countermeasures, helps identify gaps or shortcomings in current response preparedness and planning, and helps to provide a framework to the States, Tribes, and Industry sectors in developing their individual response plans for specific diseases such as HPAI and FMD. The FAD PReP will also identify resources and personnel for potential zoonotic disease outbreaks and large-scale outbreaks, define stakeholder expectations for successful and timely outcomes, identify and resolve issues that may become competing interests during an outbreak and provide a systems approach to preparedness issues that need additional time, attention and collaboration.
20
Varma, Jay K., David J. Prezant, Ross Wilson, Celia Quinn, Glenn Asaeda, Nicholas V. Cagliuso, Jennifer L. Rakeman, and Marisa Raphael. "Preparing the Health System to Respond to Ebola Virus Disease in New York City, 2014." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11, no. 3 (November 2, 2016): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.132.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe world’s largest outbreak of Ebola virus disease began in West Africa in 2014. Although few cases were identified in the United States, the possibility of imported cases led US public health systems and health care facilities to focus on preparing the health care system to quickly and safely identify and respond to emerging infectious diseases. In New York City, early, coordinated planning among city and state agencies and the health care delivery system led to a successful response to a single case diagnosed in a returned health care worker. In this article we describe public health and health care system preparedness efforts in New York City to respond to Ebola and conclude that coordinated public health emergency response relies on joint planning and sustained resources for public health emergency response, epidemiology and laboratory capacity, and health care emergency management. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:370–374).
21
Singh, Anjali, and Anjana Gupta. "Optimization-Based Consensus Model to Solve Multi-Criteria Large Group Decision Making Problems." International Game Theory Review 22, no. 02 (June 2020): 2040010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198920400101.
Full textAbstract:
In this contribution, a consensus model is proposed to acquire a unified and converging solution of multi-criteria large group decision making problems. Unlike the iterative process and feedback mechanism based models, the suggested approach features the optimization theory to establish the consensus in one go only among the efficient experts. The time salvation characteristic of the model makes it expedient for the emergency planning and management decision problems. The algorithm is validated using the hurricane evacuation notification time problem of United States.
22
Wald, Niel. "Injuries from Nuclear Accidents." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045246.
Full textAbstract:
In view of public concern about health impairment from accidental radiation exposure, the record of forty years experience in the utilization of nuclear energy was reviewed. All reported exposure incidents producing health effects from external radiation sources and internal radionuclide contamination in the United States and some in other countries have been included. Preparations for the management of such accidents will be considered briefly. The relationship of this actual accident experience to the unresolved problems in management planning and professional and public education for future accidents like that at the Three Mile Island nuclear power station in Middletown, Pennsylvania, March 1979, but with potential associated health impairment, was discussed. The complete paper is published in the Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress for Emergency and Disaster Medicine, organized by the “Club of Mainz” in Rome, Italy, 1983 (see Manni, C and Magalini, S, Springer Publ, Heidelberg, 1984).
23
Avery, Elizabeth. "The Effects of Community Size, Control Over Agenda, and Contextual Variables on Zika Virus Preparation of Public Information Officers at Local Public Health Departments." Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research 2, no. 1 (March 2019): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.2.1.5.
Full textAbstract:
As Zika emerged as a major global health threat, public information officers (PIOs) at local public health departments across the United States prepared for outbreaks of the virus amid great uncertainty. Using the crisis and risk emergency communication (CERC) model to inform this study, PIOs (n = 226) at public health departments were surveyed to assess how community size, perceived control over health agenda, and other considerations such as resources and federal influences affected their satisfaction with Zika preparedness in their departments. These contextual, indirect factors may moderate planning efforts for Zika and other health emergencies and thus should be considered in crisis management and planning models such as CERC.
24
Kahan, BA, BS, MSEE, Jerome H. "Emergency management and homeland security: Exploring the relationship." Journal of Emergency Management 13, no. 6 (February 25, 2016): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0258.
Full textAbstract:
In the years after the 9/11 tragedy, the United States continues to face risks from all forms of major disasters, from potentially dangerous terrorist attacks to catastrophic acts of nature. Professionals in the fields of emergency management and homeland security have responsibilities for ensuring that all levels of government, urban areas and communities, nongovernmental organizations, businesses, and individual citizens are prepared to deal with such hazards though actions that reduce risks to lives and property. Regrettably, the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the nation's ability to deal with disasters is unnecessarily challenged by the absence of a common understanding on how these fields are related in the workforce and educational arenas. Complicating matters further is the fact that neither of these fields has developed agreed definitions. In many ways, homeland security and emergency management have come to represent two different worlds and cultures. These conditions can have a deleterious effect on preparedness planning for public and private stakeholders across the nation when coordinated responses among federal, state, and local activities are essential for dealing with consequential hazards. This article demonstrates that the fields of emergency management and homeland security share many responsibilities but are not identical in scope or skills. It argues that emergency management should be considered a critical subset of the far broader and more strategic field of homeland security. From analytically based conclusions, it recommends five steps that be taken to bring these fields closer together to benefit more from their synergist relationship as well as from their individual contributions.
25
Clancy, Terry, Kenneth Christensen, and Henry P. Cortacans. "New Jersey's EMS Response to Superstorm Sandy: A Case Study of the Emergency Management Assistance Compact." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 29, no. 3 (May 20, 2014): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x14000417.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn the United States, understanding the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC) is critical to responding to a natural disaster or manmade event. Recently, the State of New Jersey responded to Superstorm Sandy and implemented the EMAC system by requesting ambulances to aid in the Emergency Medical Services response. New Jersey's response to Superstorm Sandy was unprecedented in that this storm affected the entire state and EMS community. New Jersey's EMS community and infrastructure were impacted greatly, despite years of planning and preparation for such an event. Once received, out-of-state EMS resources were integrated into New Jersey's emergency management and EMS systems. In this report, each phase of the EMAC in New Jersey is explored, from how the response was coordinated to how it ultimately was executed. The state coordinated its response on multiple levels and, as such, tested the practical applicability of the EMAC process and employed best practices and solutions to issues that arose. These best practices and solutions may prove invaluable for any state or territory that may activate the EMAC system for emergency medical service resources.ClancyT, ChristensenK, CortacansHP. New Jersey's EMS response to Superstorm Sandy: a case study of the Emergency Management Assistance Compact. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(3):1-4.
26
Lynch, Richard M., and Ismaila Mbaye. "Industrial Hygiene Review of Three Manufacturing Facilities in Senegal: Findings and Key Questions." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 9, no. 4 (February 2000): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/m7xj-knm7-mx1c-p7kv.
Full textAbstract:
An industrial hygiene review was conducted in pesticide, asbestos, and cement manufacturing facilities in Senegal to provide the Senegalese Ministry of Labor with recommendations for improving working conditions. Findings show severe under-reporting of occupational illnesses, and major shortcomings in terms of worker training, personal protective equipment use, emergency planning, and other traditional industrial hygiene controls. Despite these findings, a comparison between observed conditions and the proposed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Safety and Health Program Management standard shows that these companies would probably not be considered grossly non-compliant by U.S. standards, and suggests that strong regulatory enforcement of actual working conditions remains a necessity. This analysis also suggests that compliance with the proposed standard would not in itself assure that such dire shortcomings as were observed could not legally exist here in the United States. Key differences between the political economies of developing nations and the United States suggest that improving working conditions requires a comprehensive planning effort addressing poverty reduction, environmental considerations, and economic growth. Three fundamental questions are proposed which should be addressed to improve working conditions in Senegal.
27
Chen, Allison P., Bhakti Hansoti, and Edbert B. Hsu. "The COVID-19 Pandemic Response and Its Impact on Post-Pandemic Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management in the United States." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 16301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316301.
Full textAbstract:
Among the impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the public health system in the United States has been a reevaluation of emergency response systems and procedures. This study uses publicly available literature from government, private sector, and academic sources to identify changes and lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic in specific aspects of emergency response, namely human resources, health service delivery, and logistics, determined based on the World Health Organization Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (WHO Health EDRM) Framework. Major themes of changes implemented include those intended to increase mobility and flexibility of workforce and resources, integration of various parts of the health system, and effective communication, and are anticipated to be incorporated into response systems going forward.
28
Neaves, PhD, Tonya T., T. Aaron Wachhaus, PhD, and Grace A. Royer, MPAc. "The social construction of disasters in the United States: A historical and cultural phenomenon." Journal of Emergency Management 15, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2017.0326.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Societal risks from hazards are continually increasing. Each year, disasters cause thousands of deaths and cost billions of dollars. In the first half of 2011, the United States endured countless disasters—winter snowstorms in the Midwest and Northeast; severe tornadic weather in the Mississippi, Alabama, and Missouri; flash flooding in Nashville; flooding along the Mississippi River; an earthquake on the East Coast, wildfires in Texas, and Hurricane Irene. Fundamental disaster planning is regarded as an interdisciplinary approach to develop strategies and instituting policies concerned with phases of emergency management; as such, its needs are predicated on the identification of hazards and assessment of risks.Problem: Even if the probability or intensity of risks to disasters remains fairly constant, population growth, alongside economic and infrastructural development, will unavoidably result in a concomitant increase of places prone to such events. One of the greatest barriers to emergency management efforts is the failure to fully grasp the socially and politically constructed meaning of disasters.Purpose: This article investigates the ways in which language has been used historically in the American lexicon to make sense of disasters in the United States in an effort to improve communal resiliency. Serving as both an idea and experience, the terminology used to convey our/the modern-day concept of disaster is a result of a cultural artifact, ie, a given time and specific place.Methodology: Tools such as Google Ngram Viewer and CASOS AutoMap are used to explore the penetration, duration, and change in disaster terminology among American English literature for more than 200 years, from 1800 to 2008, by quantifying written culture.Findings: The language of disasters is an integral part of disaster response, as talking is the primary way that most people respond to and recover from disasters. The vast majority of people are not affected by any given disaster, and so it is through discussing a disaster that people make sense of it, respond, and react to it, and fit something that is overwhelming and beyond human control into the normal order of life.
29
Andrulis, Dennis P., Nadia J. Siddiqui, and Jonathan P. Purtle. "Integrating Racially and Ethnically Diverse Communities Into Planning for Disasters: The California Experience." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 5, no. 3 (October 2011): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2011.72.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTObjectives: Racially/ethnically diverse communities suffer a disproportionate burden of adverse outcomes before, during and after a disaster. Using California as a locus of study, we sought to identify challenges and barriers to meeting the preparedness needs of these communities and highlight promising strategies, gaps in programs, and future priorities.Methods: We conducted a literature review, environmental scan of organizational Web sites providing preparedness materials for diverse communities, and key informant interviews with public health and emergency management professionals.Results: We identified individual-level barriers to preparing diverse communities such as socioeconomic status, trust, culture, and language, as well as institutional-level barriers faced by organizations such as inadequate support for culturally/linguistically appropriate initiatives. Current programs to address these barriers include language assistance services, community engagement strategies, cross-sector collaboration, and community assessments. Enhancing public-private partnerships, increasing flexibility in allocating funds and improving organizational capacity for diversity initiatives were all identified as additional areas of programmatic need.Conclusions: Our study suggests at least four intervention priorities for California and across the United States: engaging diverse communities in all aspects of emergency planning, implementation, and evaluation; mitigating fear and stigma; building organizational cultural competence; and enhancing coordination of information and resources. In addition, this study provides a methodological model for other states seeking to assess their capacity to integrate diverse communities into preparedness planning and response.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:227–234)
30
Baker, Daniel, and Sara Paton. "Leveraging Local and Regional Partners to Implement Hospital Closed Point of Dispensing Sites." Ohio Journal of Public Health 4, no. 1 (June 21, 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v4i1.8078.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Point of dispensing (POD) sites are critical to local public health agencies (LPHA) when an emergen-cy occurs requiring medications or vaccinations. Delivering medical countermeasures (MCM) ensures community support mechanisms and the general public are provided with a pharmaceutical intervention to limit untoward outcomes caused by the emergency. While LPHAs are required to have an MCM response plan, these plans vary based on jurisdictional size and geographical location in Ohio. This study evaluated the implementation potential of an MCM toolkit developed for LPHAs and hospitals across Ohio. Methods: An MCM toolkit was created consisting of planning resources, training modules, sample exercises, and custom graphics. The toolkit was evaluated using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs by public health, hospital, hospital association, and emergency management professionals across Ohio by an electronic sur-vey and phone interview. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected to determine overall implementation potential. Results: Thirty-eight (n=38) respondents with jurisdictional influence over 44 Ohio counties participated. Electronic survey results demonstrated high implementation potential for the MCM toolkit (weighted average 4.71/5.00). Phone interviews highlighted: (1) jurisdictional and regionalized planning approaches were necessary for MCM delivery, and (2) hospitals should function as closed POD sites for jurisdictional LPHAs. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the importance of MCM response planning for LPHAs and hospitals. Imple-mentation and planning materials for this work could be adopted into practice by LPHAs and hospitals across the United States to further assist in emergency preparedness planning.
31
McColloch, Caitlin E., Marsha E. Samson, KaeAnne Parris, Amy Stewart, Judith A. Robinson, Barbara Cooper, Eboni Galloway, et al. "Promising Practices Observed in High-Throughput COVID-19 Vaccination Sites in the United States, February–May 2021." American Journal of Public Health 113, no. 8 (August 2023): 909–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2023.307331.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. To identify promising practices for implementing COVID-19 vaccination sites. Methods. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assessed high-throughput COVID-19 vaccination sites across the United States, including Puerto Rico, after COVID-19 vaccinations began. Site assessors conducted site observations and interviews with site staff. Qualitative data were compiled and thematically analyzed. Results. CDC and FEMA conducted 134 assessments of high-throughput vaccination sites in 25 states and Puerto Rico from February 12 to May 28, 2021. Promising practices were identified across facility, clinical, and cross-cutting operational areas and related to 6 main themes: addressing health equity, leveraging partnerships, optimizing site design and flow, communicating through visual cues, using quick response codes, and prioritizing risk management and quality control. Conclusions. These practices might help planning and implementation of future vaccination operations for COVID-19, influenza, and other vaccine-preventable diseases. Public Health Implications. These practices can be considered by vaccination planners and providers to strengthen their vaccination site plans and implementation of future high-throughput vaccination sites. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(8):909–918. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307331 )
32
Thomasian, Nicole M., Syra Madad, John L. Hick, Megan L. Ranney, and Paul D. Biddinger. "Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response Index." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 15, no. 3 (June 2021): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2021.190.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response Index is an all-hazards template developed by a group of emergency management and disaster medicine experts from the United States. The objective of the Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response Index is to improve planning by linking action items to institutional triggers across the surge capacity continuum. This responder tool is a non-exhaustive, high-level template: administrators should tailor these elements to their individual institutional protocols and constraints for optimal efficiency. The Hospital Surge Preparedness and Response Index can be used to provide administrators with a snapshot of their facility’s current service capacity in order to promote efficiency and situational awareness both internally and among regional partners.
33
Crowley, Julia C. "An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Fema's Pilot Program for Debris Removal After Hurricanes." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 47, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2021.643.
Full textAbstract:
Hurricane debris poses significant challenges in the post-disaster environment and can result in a variety of debris types. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has put forth efforts to address these challenges through the development of their Pilot Program for Debris Removal that provides guidance and incentives for United States communities to develop FEMA-approved debris management plans. While the literature supports the need for pre-event debris management planning, there appears to be a lack of research that evaluates the effectiveness of FEMA-approved debris management plans in the post-disaster environment. The purpose of this research is therefore to assess the effectiveness of plans developed under the guidance of FEMA's Pilot Program in preparing communities for post-hurricane debris management. Counties that received major disaster declarations for hurricanes between 2011 and 2019 were surveyed to assess their participation in the Pilot Program. The results suggest that the Pilot Program is overall an effective means for preparing communities for post-hurricane debris management.
34
McDonald, Kenneth, Tyler McLees, Shane Connolly, James McNulty, Leah Wasserman, and LTC Robert Prins. "Modeling Megacity Medical System Response to a CBRNE Event." Industrial and Systems Engineering Review 4, no. 2 (November 12, 2016): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37266/iser.2016v4i2.pp131-148.
Full textAbstract:
The collaborative effectiveness of the public health system (PHS) and the Army Medical Department (AMEDD) is limited in the case of a 10-kiloton (kt) nuclear event on a megacity due to an overall lack of knowledge and understanding among agencies. This study details an exhaustive analysis of the current medical response system using New York City as a case study. Through the problem definition phase of the Systems Decision Process (SDP), this report identifies operational gaps existing at different levels within the system. Identified operational gaps existed at the local, state, and federal levels in the areas of resources, communication, and planning within the following agencies: Sloan Kettering Memorial Hospital, the Office of Emergency Management (OEM), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Health and Human Services (HHS), and the United States Department of Veteran Affairs (VA). Evaluation of the operational gaps illustrated the areas which were most vulnerable. The current analysis suggests that the system in place requires adjustments of the identified gaps so that maximum efficiency can be achieved.
35
Cohn, Stephen M., Michelle A. Price, Ronald M. Stewart, Basil A. Pruitt, and Daniel L. Dent. "Perceptions and Attitudes of Critical Care Training and Careers among United States Surgical Residents: Who Wants to be a Surgical Intensivist?" American Surgeon 73, no. 5 (May 2007): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480707300502.
Full textAbstract:
Less than 50 per cent of surgical critical care (SCC) fellowship positions are filled each year. We surveyed senior surgical residents to determine their opinions regarding a career in SCC and acute care surgery. A survey was sent to 1348 postgraduate year 3, 4, and 5 residents in the United States. Two hundred fifty-one surveys were returned (19% response rate). Whereas 78 per cent were planning to complete a fellowship, 21 per cent expressed interest in SCC. Fifty-six per cent plan to handle SCC problems only for their own patients, whereas 39 per cent plan to turn this management over to a critical care provider. SCC fellowships were considered to be potentially more appealing if the following changes could be made to the existing structure: adding more general surgery (70% of respondents); adding more trauma experience (50%); adding emergency neurosurgery (44%); adding more emergency orthopedics (42%); or decreasing months of critical care (36%). Increasing salary enhanced appeal for 82 per cent. SCC has limited appeal for most senior surgical residents. Theoretical expansion of surgical critical fellowships to include more general or trauma surgery (acute care surgery) increased the level of interest among senior surgical residents.
36
Scarneo, Samantha E., Lindsay J. DiStefano, Rebecca L. Stearns, Johna K. Register-Mihalik, Craig R. Denegar, and Douglas J. Casa. "Emergency Action Planning in Secondary School Athletics: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Current Adoption of Best Practice Standards." Journal of Athletic Training 54, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-82-18.
Full textAbstract:
Context Emergency action plans (EAPs) are policies that improve response times and ensure access to emergency equipment for the management of patients with acute injuries and medical conditions, yet the extent to which EAP standards are adopted and implemented is unknown. Objective To describe the extent of EAP adoption and implementation in secondary school (SS) athletics with athletic trainer (AT) services in the United States. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Web-based questionnaire. Patients or Other Participants A national sample of ATs (n = 9642) was invited to participate in a Web-based questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure(s) Twelve components of EAP minimum best practices were derived from the “National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Position Statement: Emergency Planning in Athletics.” Emergency action plan components were analyzed using descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) around proportions. Contingency tables (2 × 2) were used to calculate odds ratios (with 95% CIs) to assess adoption of the components (dichotomized as yes or no), employment factors (eg, full time versus part time, employed by clinic/district), and access to emergency equipment. Results The response rate for the questionnaire was 13.2% (n = 1273). A majority of ATs (89.1%) reported having an EAP; however, only 9.9% described implementing all 12 components cited in the NATA position statement. Athletic trainers stated that they created the EAP in 62.8% (95% CI = 60.1%, 65.4%) of schools with an EAP. Athletic trainers employed full time were at greater odds of adopting 9 or more components of the EAP compared with ATs employed part time (odds ratio = 2.42 [95% CI = 1.66, 3.53]). A total of 85.7% of ATs noted access to an automated external defibrillator. Conclusions Although a majority of SSs had EAPs, the EAPs were often incomplete and lacked the necessary components for full compliance with the NATA position statement. These findings demonstrate the need for efforts to promote the adoption and implementation of comprehensive EAPs in SS athletics.
37
Weinisch, PE, Kevin, and Paul Brueckner, BA. "The impact of shadow evacuation on evacuation time estimates for nuclear power plants." Journal of Emergency Management 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2015.0227.
Full textAbstract:
A shadow evacuation is the voluntary evacuation of people from areas outside a declared evacuation area. Shadow evacuees can congest roadways and inhibit the egress of those evacuating from an area at risk. Federal regulations stipulate that nuclear power plant (NPP) licensees in the United States must conduct an Evacuation Time Estimate (ETE) study after each decennial census. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) published federal guidance for conducting ETE studies in November 2011. This guidance document recommends the consideration of a Shadow Region which extends 5 miles radially beyond the existing 10-mile Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) for NPPs. The federal guidance also suggests the consideration of the evacuation of 20 percent of the permanent resident population in the Shadow Region in addition to 100 percent of the declared evacuation region within the EPZ when conducting ETE studies. The 20 percent recommendation was questioned in a March 2013 report prepared by the US Government Accountability Office. This article discusses the effects on ETE of increasing the shadow evacuation from 20 to 60 percent for 48 NPPs in the United States. Only five (10 percent) of the 48 sites show a significant increase (30 minutes or greater) in 90th percentile ETE (time to evacuate 90 percent of the population in the EPZ), while seven (15 percent) of the 48 sites show a significant increase in 100th percentile ETE (time to evacuate all population in the EPZ). Study areas that are prone to a significant increase in ETE due to shadow evacuation are classified as one of four types; case studies are presented for one plant of each type to explain why the shadow evacuation significantly affects ETE. A matrix of the four case types can be used by emergency management personnel to predict during planning stages whether the evacuated area is prone to a significant increase in ETE due to shadow evacuation. Potential mitigation tactics that reduce demand (public information) or increase capacity (contraflow, traffic control points, specialized intersection treatments) to offset the impact of shadow evacuation are discussed.
38
Klein, Kelly R., Paul E. Pepe, Frederick M. Burkle, Nanci E. Nagel, and Raymond E. Swienton. "Evolving Need for Alternative Triage Management in Public Health Emergencies: A Hurricane Katrina Case Study." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 2, S1 (September 2008): S40—S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181734eb6.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTIn many countries, traditional medical planning for disasters developed largely in response to battlefield and multiple casualty incidents, generally involving corporal injuries. The mass evacuation of a metropolitan population in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina evolved into life-and-death triage scenarios involving thousands of patients with nontraumatic illnesses and special medical needs. Although unprecedented in the United States, triage management needs for this disaster were similar to other large-scale public health emergencies, both natural and human-generated, that occurred globally in the past half-century. The need for alternative triage-management processes similar to the methodologies of other global mass public health emergencies is illustrated through the experience of disaster medical assistance teams in the first 3 days following Katrina's landfall. The immediate establishment of disaster-specific, consensus-based, public health emergency–related triage protocols—developed with ethical and legal expertise and a renewed focus on multidimensional, multifactorial matrix decision-making processes—is strongly recommended. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2(Suppl 1):S40–S44)
39
Maja-Schultz, Theresa, and Bara Swain. "Disabled Adults in Adult Care Facilities Facing Disasters in New York City: An Aggregate Assessment." Care Management Journals 13, no. 2 (June 2012): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.13.2.67.
Full textAbstract:
adults who reside in adult care facilities (ACFs) are an at-risk population in the event of an emergency or disaster. This aggregate requires housing in congregate residential settings due to frailty, function, and/or cognitive impairments. All senior residents need long-term assistance to maintain maximum independence, including 24-hr on-site monitoring, case management, and personal care services such as eating, toileting, transferring, bathing, and dressing. Twenty-five percent of this special population of older adults has psychiatric disabilities and nonmental health comorbidities (Caron et al., 2008). Through a literature search, the challenges and risks of this aggregate in the event of a naturally occurring or manmade emergency, including epidemiological and environmental risks, are identified. Evidence-based literature reveals that the foundation of an effective emergency response and recovery is planning and preparation. Lessons learned from past disasters in the United States have brought attention to the needs of disabled and chronically ill older adults. Developing partnerships, improving communication systems, identifying emergency shelters for disabled adults, and empowering ACF residents and staff through education are recommended with the universal goal of reducing injury, preventing or controlling illness, and saving lives. An innovative educational program utilizing Hybrid Modality is outlined in this article including planning, coalition building, and the use of mapping systems as tools and strategies to improve outcomes. Resources such as local, state, and federal agencies; consumer groups; and trade associations are referenced for accessibility.
40
Tsai, Ming-Che, Chia-Chang Chuang, Jeffrey Arnold, Mau-Hwa Lee, Sun-Chieh Hsu, and Chih-Hsien Chi. "Terrorism in Taiwan, Republic of China." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (June 2003): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000881.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Republic of China on the island of Taiwan has experienced at least 20 terrorist events since 1979, including 13 aircraft hijackings and five bombings. Factors responsible for the relatively small burden of terrorism on Taiwan in the past include tight military control over political dissent until 1987, a warming relationship with the People's Republic of China in the 1990s, political inclusion of major internal cultural groups, geographic isolation, and a lack of other significant international enemies. Nevertheless, today Taiwan faces a new prospect of terrorism by adversaries of the United States and its allies and by an international paradigm shift in the types of weapons used by terrorists.National emergency management has been enhanced significantly since the Ji Ji earthquake in 1999, including the assignment of lead government agencies to the planning and preparedness for specific types of terrorist events involving nuclear, biological, and/or chemical releases. Other significant improvements at the operations level, include the establishment of two national disaster medical assistance teams, four urban search and rescue teams, 13 local disaster medical assistance teams, and eight chemical emergency response hospitals. Future challenges include improving the coordination of inter-agency response at the national level and the quantity and quality of local disaster response assets.
41
Williams, Anesu H., and Timothy J. Craig. "Perioperative Management for Patients with Hereditary Angioedema." Allergy & Rhinology 6, no. 1 (January 2015): ar.2015.6.0112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ar.2015.6.0112.
Full textAbstract:
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease that results from mutations in the C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) gene. HAE is characterized by recurrent episodes of angioedema of the skin (face, extremities, genitalia, trunk), the gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. Symptoms experienced can be debilitating, may impact quality of life, and can be life threatening. Preventing attacks particularly for patients undergoing procedures is critical. Patients with HAE may now treat acute attacks or prevent attacks with medications that have recently become available in the United States; however, these same medications can be used for perioperative management for patients undergoing medical, surgical, and dental procedures. Periprocedural planning is important for patients to reduce the incidence of acute attacks. Education is critical and increasing awareness of short-term prophylaxis options will allow providers to develop an appropriate action plan for their patients. The goal of this review is to increase awareness for HAE treating physicians, surgeons, anesthesia, and emergency room physicians by examining the available treatment options, researching the literature, and summarizing available data for periprocedural management. The availability of treatment options has increased over the past few years, expanding options for physicians and patients living with HAE and improve safety during the perioperative period and at the time of other procedures.
42
Maharani, Andina Elok Puri, Arga Baskara, and Pujiyono Suwadi. "Comparison of Political Dynasty in Indonesia and the United States." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 4 (January 11, 2024): e04573. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n4-016.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The aim of the research is to photograph political dynasties that occur in democratic countries by taking the examples of Indonesia and America. Methods: The issue in this article is Political Dynasty in democratic countries. Political dynasties are built into a country's constitutional system. Its existence often triggers debate in societies that are studying ideal democracy. Political dynasties are considered to be the product of a political strategy to achieve victory. Results and Conclusion: The research results show that the emergence of political dynasties is influenced by the actions of political elites who tend to pass on their positions of political power to the next generation or below. This happens because of the tendency to maintain power. Another reason is to continue the program that was initiated previously. Research implications: Comparing political dynasties in Indonesia with the United States, the Indonesian state has a tendency to emerge random lytop down while in the United States it appears gradually bottom up. Originality/value: In the above context, it is hoped that political elites will prioritize political processes and ethics in cadre formation.
43
Ochonogor, Kenechukwu Nwuka, G. Solomon Osho, Cyril O. Anoka, and Matthew Uwakonye. "The Effect of COVID-19 on Supply Chain Management: Pre and Post-COVID-19: Case Study of CVS Pharmacy, Inc." Int'l Journal of Management Innovation Systems 7, no. 1 (November 17, 2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijmis.v7i1.20408.
Full textAbstract:
Throughout the COVID-19 crisis, everyone has observed many disruptions in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Indeed, this global and complex supply chain is vulnerable, especially when it must face a sudden rise in global demand. To adapt to the increasing demand and the numerous shortages, the United States White House has suggested several recommendations (The White House, 2021). Three of them will be detailed in this report: boosting local production, building an emergency capacity, and promoting international cooperation. With more than 10,000 locations and retail stores in the United States and with the competition of large retail stores like Target and Walmart, CVS has continued to enhance its supply chain by rolling out vendor technological portals designed to facilitate its supply chain programs and models. Most of CVS’s generic products and retail merchandise are manufactured outside the United States. To ensure the sustainability and efficiency of their models, integrated planning, internal and external collaborations, and dissemination of forecasting models with suppliers help them to predict and manage demand uncertainties. CVS is digitally connected to give people more options by using their artificial intelligence platform, thereby harnessing the power of digital technology and the Omni channel sourcing to ensure that their customers are reached/served whenever, and by whatever means possible. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CVS faced three major issues related to the distribution of common drugs between patients with chronic illnesses and patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, a high volume of customer calls, and high procurement costs of medicines from suppliers due to shortages. This led CVS to implement temporary mitigation measures that set it apart from its competitors and helped serve more patients in an orderly fashion. Based on the learnings from CVS, this report presents a set of short-term solutions that can be implemented by CVS to insulate it from future shortages until the long-term solutions are implemented in collaboration with the FDA and drug suppliers.
44
Lyons, RN, MSL, Wendy H., Frederick M. Burkle Jr, MD, MPH, DTM, FAAP, FACEP, Deborah L. Roepke, MPA, and James E. Bertz, MD, DDS, FACS. "An influenza pandemic exercise in a major urban setting, Part I: Hospital health systems lessons learned and implications for future planning." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2009.0018.
Full textAbstract:
A 2007 pandemic exercise in Maricopa County, Arizona, the 5th largest urban population in the United States, revealed major vulnerabilities in planning, response, resource utilization, and the decision-making process, which would be common to any large urban setting where multiple independent organizations exist and have not yet coordinated or shared their plans. Communication challenges are both prevalent and magnified in large urban settings.There must be tough, broad-based decision making by healthcare leadership with guidance and processes at every level to assure compliance to the primary goals of pandemic flu plans necessary to control the transmission rate of the disease. A unifying decision-making element such as a Healthrelated Emergency Operations Center is critical for the coordination, which serves all urban health systems. Education and training in pre-event protocols for triage management is crucial at every level where resources will be scant. This is especially true in admissions to intensive care units and priorities for ventilator use.
45
Lyons, RN, MSL, Wendy H., Frederick M. Burkle Jr, MD, MPH, DTM, FAAP, FACEP, Deborah L. Roepke, MPA, and James E. Bertz, MD, DDS, FACS. "An influenza pandemic exercise in a major urban setting, Part I: Hospital health systems lessons learned and implications for future planning." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2019.0343.
Full textAbstract:
A 2007 pandemic exercise in Maricopa County, Arizona, the 5th largest urban population in the United States, revealed major vulnerabilities in planning, response, resource utilization, and the decision-making process, which would be common to any large urban setting where multiple independent organizations exist and have not yet coordinated or shared their plans. Communication challenges are both prevalent and magnified in large urban settings. There must be tough, broad-based decision making by healthcare leadership with guidance and processes at every level to assure compliance to the primary goals of pandemic flu plans necessary to control the transmission rate of the disease. A unifying decision-making element such as a Health-related Emergency Operations Center is critical for the coordination, which serves all urban health systems. Education and training in pre-event protocols for triage management is crucial at every level where resources will be scant. This is especially true in admissions to intensive care units and priorities for ventilator use.
46
Meck, Stuart, and Rebecca Retzlaff. "The Emergence of Growth Management Planning in the United States: The Case of Golden v. Planning Board of Town of Ramapo and Its Aftermath." Journal of Planning History 7, no. 2 (January 28, 2008): 113–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538513207310210.
Full text
47
Emanuele, Carlos A., Anne E. Jean Baptiste, Ana E. Chévez, Mirta Magarinos, Maite V. Antelo, Sonia Arza, Emilia Cain, Gloria Rey-Benito, Martha Velandia-Gonzalez, and Daniel Salas. "Maintaining the Region of the Americas free of polio: best practices for incident management support teams." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 48 (April 1, 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2024.23.
Full textAbstract:
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and its Member States have been leading the efforts to eradicate wild poliovirus in the Region of Americas since smallpox's successful elimination in 1971. The region became the first to be certified free of wild poliovirus in 1994. However, in July 2022, an unvaccinated patient with no recent travel history was diagnosed with poliomyelitis in the United States of America. In response to the emergence of a circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus in the United States, PAHO established the Polio Incident Management Support Team. This team has been coordinating response efforts, focusing on: coordination, planning, and monitoring; risk communication and community engagement; surveillance and case investigation; vaccination; and rapid response. In this paper, we identified and documented best practices observed following establishment of the Incident Management Support Team (September 2022–2023) through a comprehensive review and analysis of various data sources and country-specific data from the polio surveillance dashboard. The aim was to share these best practices, highlighting technical support and implementation of polio measures by Member States. Despite several challenges, the Americas region remains polio-free. Polio risk is declining, with a July 2023 assessment showing fewer countries at medium, high, and very high risk. This progress reflects improved immunization coverage, surveillance, containment, health determinants, and outbreak preparedness and response. The PAHO Polio Incident Management Support Team has played a key role in supporting these efforts.
48
Weeks, Beth. "The Role of the Nurse Disaster Preparedness Coordinator at a Large Suburban Teaching Hospital." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s165—s166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19003777.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:Mass casualty incidents, whether man-made or natural, are occurring with increasing frequency and severity. Hospitals and health systems across the United States are striving to be more rigorously prepared more such incidents. Following a mass shooting in 2012 and significant growth and expansion of our hospital and health system in the following years, a need was identified for more staff to support preparedness efforts.Aim:To discuss the roles and responsibilities of Nurse Disaster Preparedness Coordinator (NDPC), a dedicated position in the Emergency Department (ED).Methods:The role of Nurse Disaster Preparedness Coordinator was implemented in 2016, is a part-time position in the Emergency Department and reports to the ED Manager while working closely with the ED Director of Emergency Preparedness and the hospital Emergency Manager. The role addresses all areas of the emergency management continuum, from planning and mitigation to response and recovery.Results:The NDPC’s responsibilities fall into the categories of all-hazards preparedness, chemical, biological, radioactive, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) response, and general nursing practice. All-hazards preparedness includes ED staff training, policy and procedure development, and liaising with hospital emergency manager to coordinate hospital-wide efforts. CBRNE response includes the training and maintenance of a patient decontamination team, a high-risk infectious disease team, and their equipment. General nursing practice addresses research, nursing indicators as they apply to disasters, promoting evidence-based practice, and community outreach.Discussion:A dedicated Nurse Disaster Preparedness Coordinator has allowed transition from intermittent larger exercises to a regular and frequent exercise schedule and better application of full-scale exercises. Overall, the creation of the role has strengthened hospital readiness for mass casualty incidents while alleviating the vast scope of emergency management responsibilities for a large suburban hospital.
49
Ovchynnikova, Olena. "Risk and Uncertainty in Sustainable Development: Undertaking Politics of the Climate Change in the United States." Problemy Ekorozwoju 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2020.1.24.
Full textAbstract:
Scientific evidence of climate change has never been more profound. Activists around the world now demand climate action from global leaders on almost a daily basis. Yet, decision makers are not in a rush to deal with the climate emergency. The present article looks at the politics of climate change through the lens of decision-making under uncertainty to understand whether uncertainty and risk can explain the lack of decisive action on the part of the global leadership and posits that the politics of climate change reflect the climate system itself: complex, multi-layered, driven by many inter-related elements and diverse in its manifestations.
50
Bihari, Menka, Elisabeth M. Hamin, and Robert L. Ryan. "Understanding the Role of Planners in Wildfire Preparedness and Mitigation." ISRN Forestry 2012 (March 12, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/253028.
Full textAbstract:
As wildfires affect more residential areas across the United States, the need for collaboration between land managers, federal agencies, neighbours, and local governments has become more pressing especially in the context of the wildland-urban interface. Previous research has not focused much on land-use planners’ role in wildfire mitigation. This paper provides information on how land-use planners can assist communities in learning to live with wildfire risk through planning, preparedness, and mitigation efforts in the wildland-urban interface (WUI). Based on interviews with land-use planners, forest planners, and local emergency management officials, we identified a range of tools that could be used for improving wildfire preparedness and mitigation initiatives in the WUI, but also found that planners felt that they lacked the regulatory authority to use these tenaciously. The paper also identifies a range of possible actions that would contribute towards safer building practices in the interface communities.