Academic literature on the topic 'Emergency prom'
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Journal articles on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Sarkar, Malay, Tanushree Mondal, and Manojit Sarkar. "PROM and it’s maternal outcome: a retrospective study in a rural medical college of India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 6 (2021): 2379. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212179.
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Background: Premature rupture of membrane is the unconstrained break of layer before the beginning of labor and can happen any gestational age even at 42 weeks of growth. Around 2-30 % of all pregnancy will encounter PROM and prompts 33% of preterm birth. The analysis of PROM is to a great extent clinical and is normally proposed by a history of watery vaginal discharge and affirmed on sterile speculum assessment. This examination was led to decide the occurrence, to discover the age, equality dispersion, gestational age dissemination, presentation of PROM and plan the line of the management.Methods: The cases selected in this study were those who had spontaneous rupture of membrane after 28 weeks of gestation but before the onset of labor pain. The study period was of one year from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019. The study was conducted in the labor room complex of Coochbehar Govt. Medical College and Hospital, WB India. The patients were admitted in the labor room through emergency. All datas were collected from labor room log book.Results: Total no. of deliveries were 10900 and total no of PROM were 545.Incidence of PROM is 5% in the present study. Maximum no of cases were in the age group between 20-29yr (63%). PROM mainly occurs in primigravida (50.45%). And low rupture of membrane was 91.8%. Cephalic is the commonest presentation (85%) in PROM and the incidence of caesarean section is 24.95%.Conclusions: PROM is the obstetric emergency and once the PROM is diagnosed it is important to weigh the risk of PROM and prematurity and make the right choice of conservative management and active management. If there is chance of maternal morbidity pregnancy should be terminated considering the maternal wellbeing first and then that of the fetus.
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Suzuki, Shunji. "Clinical Significance of Preterm Singleton Pregnancies Complicated by Placental Abruption following Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Compared with Those without p-PROM." ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (May 28, 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/856971.
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The purpose of this paper was to examine the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of preterm singleton pregnancies complicated by placental abruption following preterm premature rupture of membranes (p-PROM) compared with those without p-PROM. We reviewed the obstetric records of 95 singleton deliveries complicated by placental abruption at 22–36 weeks’ gestation. The incidence of placental abruption in singleton pregnancies with p-PROM was 4.7%, and the crude odds ratio of placental abruption for women following p-PROM was 6.50 (P<0.01). Of the 95 cases of placental abruption in preterm singleton deliveries, 64 cases (67.4%) occurred without p-PROM and 31 cases (32.6%) occurred following p-PROM. The incidence of histological chorioamnionitis stage III in the patients following p-PROM was significantly higher than that in the patients without p-PROM (P=0.02). The rate of emergency Cesarean deliveries associated with nonreassuring fetal status (NRFS) in the patients following p-PROM was significantly lower than that in the patients without p-PROM. However, there were no significant differences in the maternal and neonatal outcomes between the patients with and without p-PROM. Although p-PROM may be one of important risk factors for placental abruption associated with chorioamnionitis, it may not influence the perinatal outcomes in preterm placental abruption.
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Ni, Chen Yi, Wang Xue Jia, Wu Min Yi, Lu Hai Feng, and Lin Zhi Yu. "Practicability of using vaginal fluid markers in detecting premature rupture of membranes." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 40, no. 5 (2003): 542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456303322326461.
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Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) may cause intra-uterine infection and fetal death. A diagnostic tool that is non-invasive, specific and quick is needed to predict PROM. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), which are present in vaginal fluid, were reported to be potential markers for PROM but have not yet been used in the clinic. This study was designed in a daily routine semi-emergency setting to evaluate the clinical practicability of using these markers in diagnosing PROM. Methods: Using a random-access automated luminescence immunoassay system, 81 vaginal washing samples collected from third trimester pregnant women (43 from PROM patients, 38 from patients with intact membranes) were analysed for β-hCG, AFP and IL-6 in a semi-emergency setting. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to test the difference between the two groups. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the three markers and to determine the cut-off value for a positive diagnosis. Results: Vaginal fluid concentrations of the three markers were significantly different ( P < 0.001) between the two groups. ROC analysis indicated that AFP had a 97.7% diagnostic sensitivity and 100% specificity; the other two markers had lower diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (95.3% and 89.5% for β-hCG and 83.7% and 78.9% for IL-6, respectively). Discussion: This work demonstrates that, of the three markers investigated, AFP has the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Using the 'stat' function provided by the automated luminescence immunoassay system, the reporting time of the results was less than 1h. We conclude that vaginal fluid AFP measured by random-access automated luminescence immunoassay is an ideal marker for the diagnosis of PROM. The technique could be introduced into the laboratory as a semi-emergency service to meet clinical needs.
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Vaillancourt, S., J. Cullen, D. Linton, et al. "LO08: PROM-ED: the development and testing of a patient-reported outcome measure for use with emergency department patients who are discharged home." CJEM 20, S1 (2018): S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.70.
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Introduction: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) are questionnaires that can be used to elicit care outcome information from patients. We sought to develop and validate the first PROM for adult patients without a primary mental health or addictions presentation receiving emergency department (ED) care and who were not hospitalized. Methods: PROM development used a multi-phase process based on national and international guidance (FDA, NQF, ISPOR). Phase 1: ED outcome conceptual framework qualitative interviews with ED patients post-discharge informed four core domains (previously published). Phase 2: Item generation scoping review of the literature and existing instruments identified candidate questions relevant for each domain for inclusion in tool. Phase 3: Cognitive debriefing existing and newly written questions were tested with ED patients post-discharge for comprehension and wording preference. Phase 4: Field and validity testing revised tool pilot tested on a national online survey panel and then again at 2 weeks (test-retest). Phase 5: Final item reduction using a Delphi process involving ED clinicians, researchers, patients and system administrators. Phase 6: Validation - psychometric testing of PROM-ED 1.0. Results: Four core outcome domains were defined in Phase 1: (1) understanding; (2) symptom relief; (3) reassurance and (4) having a plan. The domains informed a review of existing relevant questionnaires and instruments and the writing of additional questions creating an initial long-form questionnaire. Eight patients participated in cognitive debriefing of the long-form questionnaire. Expert clinicians, researchers and patient partners provided input on item refinement and reduction. Four hundred forty-four patients completed a second version of the long-form questionnaire (add in retest numbers) which informed the final item reduction process by a modified Delphi method involving 21 diverse contributors. The questionnaire was validated and underwent final revisions to create the 21 questions that constitute PROM-ED 1.0. Conclusion: Using accepted PROM instrument development methodology, we developed the first outcome questionnaire for use with adult ED patients who are not hospitalized. This questionnaire can be used to systematically gather patient-reported outcome information that could support and inform improvement work in ED care.
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Biberthaler, Peter. "PROM in der Unfallchirurgie." Der Unfallchirurg 123, no. 5 (2020): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00113-020-00803-9.
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Sultana, Nasreen, Shamima Rahman, Fakhruddin Ahmed, and SK Ashraf Ullah. "Alpha Feto Protein in vaginal fluid as a diagnostic marker of Premature rupture of membrane." Northern International Medical College Journal 10, no. 1 (2018): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v10i1.39327.
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Background : Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) is a significant obstetric emergency where a normal pregnancy suddenly becomes a high risk one. It can cause serious complications of mother and fetus. Patient’s history, per speculum vaginal with Nitrazine paper test and Fern test considered as gold standard for diagnosis of PROM. But these multiple tests are hazardous and time consuming. Therefore Alpha-Feto Protein (AFP) test is a single sensitive test for proper diagnosis of PROM.
 Objective : To evaluate the accuracy of Alpha-Feto protein in vaginal fluid as a diagnostic tool of PROM.
 Method : It was a cross sectional study, carried out among 120 pregnant women who had the gestational age between 28th to 40th week of pregnancy. Sample was collected purposively and divided into two groups. In group-I-62 suspected PROM patients were selected who gave the history of per vaginal watery discharge and was found positive in per speculum examination (P/S). In group-II-58 non PROM pregnant patients were selected. Then in group-I, Nitrazine paper test and Fern test were done to confirme PROM patients. Both groups AFP test was done by AxSYM auto analyzer. Finally the accuracy of AFP was evaluated against the gold standard test.
 Result : It was found that AFP concentration was significantly higher in group-I of suspected PROM patients (30- 502ng/ml) than in group-II (0-40ng/ml). Among 62 suspected PROM patients 49 were found gold standard (Nitrogen paper test and Fern test) positive. Out of these 49 confirmed PROM patients 48 was found positive in Alpha-Feto protein test. The sensitivity of AFP test was found 98%, specificity was 84.6% and accuracy was 95.1%.
 Conclusion : As Alpha-Feto protein in vaginal fluid was found highly accurate (95.1%) for diagnosis of PROM. Therefore, AFP test can be used as a single sensitive test for diagnosis of PROM.
 Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10(1) Jul 2018: 335-338
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Graham, Blair, Ruth Endacott, Jason E. Smith, Ffion Barham, and Jos M. Latour. "419 What are the priorities for older adults attending the ED? Findings from a multiple stakeholder group consensus meeting." Emergency Medicine Journal 37, no. 12 (2020): 834.1–834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj-2020-rcemabstracts.17.
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Aims/Objectives/BackgroundPatient Reported Experience & Outcome Measures (PREMs/PROMs) are not yet well established in emergency care. This study aimed to determine priorities for older adults attending the ED, to inform item inclusion for a new PREM/PROM.Methods/DesignOne hundred thirty-five priority statements, linked to suggested PREM/PROM items, were derived from the literature, patient interviews (n=24) and staff focus groups (n=7)(October 2018- April 2019). All statements had a Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease score >70. A one-day consensus meeting was held, December 2019.Invitations were issued via social media, patient/public involvement groups and charities. Following focus groups to assess interpretability, nominal group technique was used to prioritise statements. Individuals scored statements from 1(least important) to 9(most important). Statements with a median score of >6.5 were ‘critically important’, 3.5 to 6 ‘important, not critical’, and <3 ‘less important’. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using mean absolute deviation from the median (MADM). ‘Critically important’ or ‘less important’ statements with MADM <50% were automatically included or excluded, respectively. Statements deemed ‘important, not critical’, or with MADM >50% underwent further voting.Remaining statements underwent dichotomous voting. A >70% favourable majority was required for inclusion.Results/ConclusionsTwenty-nine participants attended. Average age was 65.6 years (R32—78). Experiences of emergency care were as a patient (n=16(55.2%)), accompanying person (n=11(37.9%)), third-sector representative (n=14(48.2%)) and/or clinician (n=7(27.6%)).Initial prioritisation yielded 71 statements for inclusion. Further voting led to the inclusion of another 31 statements (102 total).Statements relating to care delivery, communication and emotional needs ranked as more important overall. Statements related to waiting were considered less important (seesupplementary file).Participants reported having ‘adequate say’ during the meeting (76.9% Strongly Agree).ConclusionThis meeting established priorities for older adults attending the ED. The low priority assigned to waiting confounds some previous findings. Further item reduction is planned to create a final PREM/PROM for older adults.
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Prasad, N. Nagendra, Sherin Annamma Thampan, and R. Nagarathnamma. "Emergency cervical cerclage and pregnancy outcomes." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 5 (2017): 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171964.
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Background: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of emergency cervical cerclage in women who presented with advanced cervical changes such as cervical dilatation and bulging foetal membranes.Methods: This is a retrospective study on all women treated with cervical cerclage presented in the late second trimester with advanced cervical dilatation (2 to 4cms) for whom emergency cervical cerclage by McDonald technique.Results: Out of the 24 patients for whom emergency cervical cerclage was performed, three patients had spontaneous abortion after cervical cerclage, two had PROM and eight of these patients had term delivery. Twenty-one fetus were live born after the period of viability. Nine of these babies were admitted to NICU and 50 percent of the neonates required only regular perinatal care.Conclusions: Post emergency cervical cerclage, the outcome in terms of prolongation of pregnancy, live births and neonatal survival is better.
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Ziolkowski, Natalia, Jennifer Zuccaro, and Joel Fish. "783 Scar Revisions: Are We Asking the Right Questions?" Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (2020): S225—S226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.360.
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Abstract Introduction Scars have wide-ranging effects on the individual and as such, many seek to have their scars. Currently, there is no gold standard for conducting scar revision consults. Scar-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) are questionnaires created by individuals with scars and encompass all concepts of interest (COI) important to them. PROMs can be used for quality improvement (QI) initiatives to determine if all COI are being asked of patients. SCAR-Q, a new, internationally validated, scar-PROM measuring COI related to scar appearance, symptoms and function, and psychosocial impact was used. The purpose of this QI study was to determine if COI important to patients with scars are routinely asked during scar revision consults. Methods All scar revisions consults from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019 were reviewed at a single pediatric hospital using an electronic database. This study represents Phase 1 of the QI study approved by the institution and follows Model for Improvement methodology. Inclusion criteria were: patient aged ≥8 years, had a cutaneous scar, and speak English. Demographic information included: gender, age; and items related to the patient’s scar including etiology, time since injury, location, interventions; COI encompassed by SCAR-Q. Results 162 electronic patient charts were reviewed with 88 meeting inclusion criteria. 45 were females (51.1%) with an average age of 12.6(SD 3.1, 8–20 years) with time since injury scar of 4.0 years (SD4.6,1 month-17 years). Burns, specifically scalds (18,45.0%) were the most common etiology (40,45%). Scars were located predominantly on the face/scalp (34,39.5%), chest (16,18.6%), and arm (15,17.4%). Most patients had no previous scar intervention at the time of the consultation (43, 51.2%). No scar revision consults encompassed all COI as defined by the SCAR-Q with appearance and Symptom/Function questions being more common than Psychosocial (Table 1). Specifically, scar color, hardness/thickness, disliking the scar were the most frequently asked questions (Table 2). Conclusions There is currently no established gold standard for conducting scar revision consults. SCAR-Q, a newly validated scar-specific PROM was used to determine if all questions that are important to individuals with scars were asked during routine scar revision consults. The most common questions asked of individuals with scars were related to appearance followed closely by symptoms/functional implications. Questions related to psychosocial impact are not routinely asked and represent a large area of improvement. Next steps include implementing a scar-specific PROM to ensure that all COI are implemented in routine clinical care. Applicability of Research to Practice This research is applicable to practice as it shows that PROM can be utilized for QI studies including identifying areas that are lacking in scar revision consults.
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Bukhoeri, Ahmad, Syarief Thaufik Hidayat, Ediwibowo Ambari, Julian Dewantiningrum, Putri Sekar Wiyati, and Besari Adi Pramono. "Differences of Ampicillin and Cefazolin Effects in Reducing hs-CRP Level in Premature Rupture of Membranes." Diponegoro International Medical Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dimj.v2i1.8428.
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Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a rupture of amniotic sac before delivery. PROM is associated with an increased incidence of preterm labor and infection. The use of prophylactic antibiotic may reduce the risks of infection. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an acute-phase reactant protein that is associated with PROM. How much effect of prophylactic antibiotic to hs-CRP level remains unclear.Objective: To compare the reduction in hs-CRP levels in premature rupture of membranes before and after given ampicillin or cefazolin.Methods: The design of this study was true experimental design (pre and post-test) conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center Semarang and Kartini General Hospital Jepara from September 2019 to January 2020. Study samples are pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes that came to the Emergency Department and Maternity Ward Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center Semarang and Kartini General Hospital Jepara. Samples were divided into two groups, a group treated with ampicillin and the other with cefazolin therapy. All samples were subjected to a hs-CRP examination. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon.Results: There are no significant differences in the age variable (28.8 ± 6.54 vs 29.1 ± 5.93), gestational age (36.3 ± 2.55 vs 36.3 ± 2.90), and parity (2,2 ± 0.99 vs 2.47 ± 1.19) in the ampicillin and cefazolin groups (p> 0.05). In this study, 37.1% patients have a history of PROM while 62.9%. had no history of PROM. Reduction in hs-CRP levels after administration of ampicillin and cefazolin was significant (4.4 ± 2.65 mg/L vs 6.3 ± 4.43 mg/L, respectively, p = 0.03). The difference in the decrease in hs-CRP levels before and after given ampicillin and cefazolin was significant (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a decrease in hs-CRP levels after the administration of ampicillin or cefazolin in PROM, whereas cefazolin induced higher reduction in hs-CRP levels. Ampicillin can still be used as a first-line prophylactic antibiotic in primary healthcare facilities.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Rodling, Wahlström Marie. "Severe cerebral emergency : aspects of treatment and outcome in the intensive care patient." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21065.
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Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) are severe cerebral emergencies. They are common reasons for extensive morbidity and mortality in young people and adults in the western world. This thesis, based on five clinical studies in patients with severe TBI (I-IV) and SAH (V), is concentrated on examination of pathophysiological developments and of evaluation of therapeutic approaches in order to improve outcome after cerebral emergency. The treatment for severe TBI patients at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden is an intracranial pressure (ICP)-targeted therapy according to “the Lund-concept”. This therapy is based on physiological principles for cerebral volume regulation, in order to preserve a normal cerebral microcirculation and a normal ICP. The main goal is to avoid development of secondary brain injuries, thus avoiding brain oedema and worsened microcirculation. Study I is evaluating retrospectively 41 children with severe TBI, from 1993 to 2002. The boundaries of the ICP-targeted protocol were obtained in 90%. Survival rate was 93%, and favourable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale, score 4+5) was 80%. Study II is retrospectively analysing fluid administration and fluid balance in 93 adult patients with severe TBI, from 1998 to 2001.The ICP-targeted therapy used, have defined fluid strategies. The total fluid balance was positive day one to three, and negative day four to ten. Colloids constituted 40-60% of total fluids given/day. Severe organ failure was evident for respiratory insufficiency and observed in 29%. Mortality within 28 days was 11%. Study III is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 48 patients with severe TBI. In order to improve microcirculation and prevent oedema formation, prostacyclin treatment was added to the ICP-targeted therapy. Prostacyclin is endogenously produced, by the vascular endothelium, and has the ability to decrease capillary permeability and vasodilate cerebral capillaries. Prostacyclin is an inhibitor of leukocyte adhesion and platelet aggregation. There was no significant difference between prostacyclin or placebo groups in clinical outcome or in cerebral microdialysis markers such as lactatepyruvate ratio and brain glucose levels. Study IV is part of the third trial and focus on the systemic release of pro-inflammatory mediators that are rapidly activated by trauma. The systemically released pro-inflammatory mediators, interleukin-6 and CRP were significantly decreased in the prostacyclin group versus the placebo group. Study V is a prospective pilot study which analyses asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations in serum from SAH patients. Acute SAH patients have cerebral vascular, systemic circulatory and inflammatory complications. ADMA is a marker in vascular diseases which is correlated to endothelial dysfunction. ADMA concentrations in serum were significantly elevated seven days after the SAH compared to admission and were still elevated at the three months follow-up. Our results show overall low mortality and high favourable outcome compared to international reports on outcome in severe TBI patients. Prostacyclin administration does not improve cerebral metabolism or outcome but significantly decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. SAH seems to induce long-lasting elevations of ADMA in serum, which indicates persistent endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction may influence outcome after severe cerebral emergencies.
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Mejía, Acosta Nelly Delfina. "Causas que contribuyen a los problemas relacionados con el medicamento en pacientes que ingresaron al servicio de emergencia del Hospital Nacional “Luis N. Sáenz" de la Policía Nacional del Perú febrero – abril 2012." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4386.
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las causas de los problemas relacionados con los medicamentos (PRM) que motivaron el ingreso de pacientes al servicio de Emergencia; así mismo, identificar los diversos aspectos relacionados con estos PRM (tipos, factores asociados, evitabilidad, medicamentos y enfermedades) con la finalidad de implementar acciones orientadas a su prevención. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, observacional y transversal durante tres meses, en los que se incluyeron 221 pacientes mayores de 18 años atendidos en el servicio de Emergencia del Hospital Nacional “Luis N. Sáenz" de la Policía Nacional del Perú, a los cuales se les revisó la historia clínica, se entrevistó y analizó las fichas de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico. Se identificaron 458 causas de PRM; siendo el efecto no deseado (27,9%) y la condición que requiere farmacoterapia (25,8%) las causas más frecuentes de ingreso al servicio de Emergencia. Los PRM más frecuentes fueron las reacciones adversas medicamentosas (PRM 5 – 35,1%) y la necesidad de un medicamento que no fue indicado (PRM 1 – 31,3%). Se detectaron 161 reacciones adversas, siendo el mayor porcentaje, las relacionadas con trastornos gastrointestinales (34,8%). El intervalo de edades que presentaron mayor porcentaje de PRM fue de 66 – 77 años. Asimismo, se determinó que el 75% de PRM pudieron ser evitados. Los medicamentos (según ATC) y el diagnóstico (según CIE10) que están asociados con los PRM son los relacionados al sistema cardiovascular (35,9%) y al sistema circulatorio (32,7%). Se concluye que la identificación de las causas de PRM, los factores asociados y su evitabilidad permiten tomar medidas correctivas como dar a conocer el seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en la práctica ambulatoria que brinda la Farmacia Clínica en el hospital, como estrategia para reducir la morbilidad y mortalidad relacionada a los medicamentos así como para reducir los costos sanitarios.<br>--- The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of the Drug Related Problems (DRP) which triggered patients to enter into the Emergency Service. Moreover, to identify the different aspects related to theses DRP (types, related factors, preventability, drug and illnesses) with the objective of implementing the actions pointed to its prevention. A prospective, descriptive, observational and transversal study was made during 3 months, including 221 patients over 18 years attended in the Emergency Service of the Public Hospital “Luis N. Sáenz” belongs to Peruvian National Police; their medical records were reviewed, they passed an interview and the pharmacotherapy follow-up records were analyzed, identifying 458 causes of DRP. The undesirable effect (27,9%) and the condition that requires pharmacotherapy (25,8%) were the most frequent causes of Patients’ entrance into the Emergency service. The most frequent DRP were the adverse drug reactions (DRP 5 – 35,1%) and the need of a drug that was not indicated (DRP 1 – 31,3%). 161 adverse reactions were detected with gastrointestinal disorders (34,8%). The age interval which showed a higher average of DRP was from 66 – 77 years. Furthermore, it was determined that 75% of DRP could be prevented. The drugs (according to ATC) and the diagnosis (according to CIE10) associated with the DRP are those related to the cardiovascular system (35,9%) and circulatory system (32,7%). It concludes that the identification of DRP causes, related factors and its preventability allows taking corrective actions such as release pharmacotherapy follow-up in ambulatory practice used as strategy to reduce the morbidity and mortality as well as to decrease the sanitary costs.
Key word: DRP causes, factors related to DRP, Preventability of DRP, Emergency service<br>Tesis
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Klafehn, Terry. "Emergent properties of Japanese verbal inflection." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764748141&SrchMode=2&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233177022&clientId=23440.
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Winder, Brian Geoffrey. "Achieving Complex Motion with Fundamental Components for Lamina Emergent Mechanisms." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2279.pdf.
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Vara, Ana María. "Literatura y anti-imperialismo emergencia del contra-discurso neocolonial de los recursos naturales en América Latina /." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=92&did=1871884801&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270249572&clientId=48051.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.<br>Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 425-447). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Lee, Katina Michelle. "An examination of changes in pre-service teachers' perceptions and knowledge of emergent literacy during an early literacy course /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1800272781&SrchMode=1&sid=13&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1269370861&clientId=22256.
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Moulds, Stephen Alexander. "Employing (and engineering) necessity : Emergency prom and The body." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-2813.
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This thesis document traces my writing process during the evolution of two play scripts, Emergency Prom and The Body. I examine these contrasting writing processes relative to the notion of necessity, as defined within. In addition to the process paper, this document includes the scripts of both plays.<br>text
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Gonçalves, Ana Isabel. "A poesia no Prol : um projeto de literacia emergente em jardim-de-infância." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/7578.
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O presente trabalho compreende as áreas da educação, da literatura e das artes e integra um conjunto de atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito de um programa de desenvolvimento da literacia emergente, o PROL. Trata-se de um programa que decorre em contexto de Jardim-de-Infância, dirigido a crianças entre os três e os cinco anos e dinamizado por um mediador. Com uma periodicidade semanal e a duração aproximada de 45 minutos, através da literatura e de outras expressões artísticas procura-se diversificar e ampliar a linguagem da criança.
Pretende-se com esta investigação estudar o contributo do texto poético na promoção da literacia emergente partindo da descrição e análise de um conjunto de atividades realizadas no âmbito do referido programa.
De cariz descritivo e interpretativo, o projeto de investigação-ação foi realizado segundo uma metodologia qualitativa. Para a análise, recolheram-se elementos do diário pessoal do mediador e dos inquéritos por entrevista às educadoras de infância que acompanharam o projeto.
Os resultados evidenciam os benefícios da utilização do texto poético na promoção da linguagem e da comunicação da criança. A diversidade do repertório literário e a intervenção do mediador, com uma forte componente criativa e artística, contribuem para os bons resultados obtidos em poucos meses.<br>The following dissertation evolves around the areas of education, literature and the arts. It comprises a set of integrated activities included in a programme for the emergent literacy development – PROL. This programme was conceived for kindergarten and it is aimed at children aged between three and five years old, under the orientation of a literacy trained and education specialised mediator or reading mentor. Once a week, during 45 minutes sessions, through literature and other artistic expressions, the programme seeks to diversify and expand children’s language skills.
The ,main purpose of this research is studying the contribution of the poetic text for the promotion of emergent literacy, based on the description and analysis of a set of activities proposed under the above mentioned programme, PROL. Due to its descriptive and interpretative nature, the present research-action project was based upon a qualitative methodology. Thus, in order to accomplish the necessary analysis, we have collected data from the mediator’s personal jornal entries and throught a set of interviews to the nursery teachers
The results obtained underline the benefits of poetry based activities in the promotion of language and communication skills in children attending kindergarten. The diversity of the chosen literary repertoire, as well as the intervention of the mediator, with a strong creative and artistic profile, contributed to the good results obtained in a short time span of only a few months.
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DUŠKOVÁ, Radka. "Nouzové zásobování vodou v krizových situacích." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52193.
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The following diploma thesis deals with those problems related to the emergency water supply in crisis situations in the South Bohemian Region and with working procedures related to protection of residents during preparation and application of the emergency water supply. The objective of this diploma thesis is to determine those special characteristics of the emergency water supply in crisis situations and to compare the possibilities of the emergency water supply in crisis situations in selected regions. The theoretical part provides a basic survey of legislation related to the topic, as well as that of other methodical documents which are necessary for solving this type of crisis. Furthermore, the theoretical part unifies selected specialised terminology and characterizes the system of the regular (non-emergency) water supply, which represents the basic pillar for the emergency water supply. Last but not least, the theoretical part summarises those problems related to the emergency water supply and risk factors that can cause or significantly influence it. The practical part deals with those characteristics and their comparison of the selected regions in the South Bohemian Region, by using those specific indicators that are related to the water supply. The quantitative research was carried out by using the definition of what the special characteristics of the emergency drinking water supply are, in 17 administration districts of municipalities with extended competence in the South Bohemian Region. The data provided by the Czech Statistical Office were also used. Furthermore, a description statistics of the differences between the individual administrative districts of these municipalities with extended competence in the South Bohemian Region was carried out, as well as the quantification of those identified special characteristics of the emergency water supply. Finally, a statistical investigation of the identified special characteristics was carried out, as well as a test of a distribution-free hypothesis about the division of statistical data. Based upon the research that has been carried out, the final part of this thesis confirms two stipulated hypotheses about the dependence of the emergency water supply in crisis situations, based upon specific local conditions and about preparedness of the crisis management authorities for situations which would require an emergency water supply.
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POPELÁŘ, Ondřej. "Civilní nouzové plánování v České republice a jeho rozvoj a úloha v rámci Severoatlantické aliance." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-174739.
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The presented Thesis deals with Civil Emergency Planning (CEP) in the Czech Republic and its evolution and role within the Alliance. The theoretical section of the main body focuses on CEP at NATO and Czech national levels. In relation to NATO, this Thesis explains the concept of CEP, its origin and evolution within the Alliance. It describes the course of CEP development as NATO strategy concepts, priorities and CEP aims changed over the time due to changes in political situation. The important point to understand the whole issue is the depiction of tasks to be met by CEP within the Alliance, and the Ministerial Guidance being the primary CEP related document. Five basic tasks applicable from the very first edition of the Ministerial Guidance till now have been described in detail. An integral part of the NATO CEP is the visualisation of the organisational structure which is necessary for understanding the practical portion. The other section of the main body focuses on CEP as designed for the Czech Republic. At this level, the CEP is a methodological tool for management of incident and crisis planning guaranteeing their interaction and preventing duplicities with defence planning. It defines CEP´s areas of interest and it depicts legislative and institutional support. The practical portion is mainly focusing on meeting basic tasks by individual responsible entities working within four basic planning groups. To get the best possible view of tasks fulfilled based on the Ministerial Guidance, the following method has been chosen: main tasks defined by the Ministerial Guidance have been divided into three main parts in compliance with the task categories of the Ministerial Guidance. The tasks are coped with within the four planning groups. The planning groups are then assigned to ministries that are the responsible entities in terms of the Czech Republic. The result is a clear picture showing main tasks of public administration central bodies, and how these tasks are met within the Alliance plus their translation into the terms and conditions of the Czech Republic. The system also shows the history of each task depicting its conclusion or processing in which case it is transferred into the period of the next Ministerial, now Political, Guidance. The discussion analyses the issue of task fulfilment and importance of financial support to the CEP. The discussion concludes highlighting the necessity of interconnection between the national and NATO levels. This is ensured via permanent representatives in CEPC and representatives in individual planning groups. An example of some member nations shows, how the communication between CEP representatives works (or does not work) at various levels. The end of this Thesis evaluates legislative and institutional CEP interlinking of the Czech Republic and NATO. Unlike the institutional interlink, the legislative interlink is insufficient. The system of interlinking underlines the important role of the permanent representative in CEPC and representatives in planning groups. The main part of conclusion is dedicated to the facts resulting from outcomes and discussion giving clue whether the aims of this Thesis have been reached. The system, how the Czech CEP is working, has been found very efficient even in comparison with long-term members like Great Britain or France. Despite its clear quality and efficiency, it would be desirable to integrate the CEP into the legal system of the Czech Republic and thus to achieve its self-contained legal form. This change would not impact the work itself, but it could add to CEP´s political importance. At the end, a positive response is given to the research question evaluating whether the current status of CEP functioning in the Czech Republic is covering the needs of NATO.
Books on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Bouncken, Ricarda B. Steuerung versus Emergenz: Entwicklung und Wachstum von Unternehmen : Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von Prof. Dr. Egbert Kahle. Gabler, 2008.
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Ercolini, Michele, ed. Fiume, paesaggio, difesa del suolo. Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-549-8.
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Nei giorni 10 e 11 maggio 2006 si è tenuto a Firenze, presso l'Aula Magna del Rettorato, il Convegno internazionale sul tema "Fiume, paesaggio, difesa del suolo. Superare le emergenze, cogliere le opportunità". L'input culturale e scientifico di tale iniziativa (promossa ed organizzata dal Dottorato di Ricerca in Progettazione Paesistica – prof. Giulio G. Rizzo, dott. Michele Ercolini – e dal Master in Paesaggistica – prof. Guido Ferrara – dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze), vale a dire il tentativo di trasformare un "sistema di esigenze" (riconducibile a necessità di difesa del suolo) in un "sistema di opportunità" per la progettazione di "nuovi paesaggi", ha contraddistinto la maggior parte delle relazioni presentate nelle due giornate di lavoro ed inserite nel presente volume.
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Ritchie, Ralph W. How to lift and move almost anything: For almost anyone who finds the need to life or move heavy, bulky, or massive objects : for: sculptors, independent women, individuals working alone, those who can't afford the "pros", special section on emergency applications. Ritchie Unlimited Productions, 1998.
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Learning, Emergent. Emergent L: Teac Wrap Edit Prof Comm. Pearson Education, Limited, 2016.
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Biberauer, Theresa. Pro-drop and emergent parameter hierarchies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815853.003.0005.
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This chapter considers the extent to which it is still meaningful to conceptualize pro-drop phenomena in parametric terms, introducing a three-factors model in which parameters are emergent, not UG-given. Within this model, it seems possible to distinguish macro, meso, and micro pro-drop systems. The attested systematic variation in even the most familiar instantiations of these putative types, however, raises questions about existing parametric accounts of the acquisition and typological relationship between these systems. Drawing on parallels with a neo-emergentist account of word-order variation, the chapter argues for an approach assuming interdependent parameters (a parameter-hierarchy) where the ‘size’ and precise formal specification of pro-drop in individual grammars is determined by the way the model’s three factors interact, with different formal features playing potentially parallel roles in different systems. The typological picture is thus more variation-rich than previously assumed, but this variation exhibits the kind of cross-linguistic systematicity a parametric approach predicts.
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VAUGHN, STECK. En Parejas Early Emergent Kit-Retail (SS Promo/Market Mat). Steck Vaughn, 2002.
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VAUGHN, STECK. En Parejas Emergent Stage 2 Kit-Retail (SS Promo/Market Mat). Steck Vaughn, 2002.
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VAUGHN, STECK. En Parejas Emergent Stage 1 Kit-Retail (SS Promo/Market Mat). Steck Vaughn, 2002.
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Braun Binder, Nadja, Lars P. Feld, Peter M. Huber, Klaus Poier, and Fabian Wittreck, eds. Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie 2018. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748904557.
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The eighth volume of the Yearbook of Direct Democracy (Jahrbuch für direkte Demokratie) contains contributions from the fields of educational science, jurisprudence, political science and economics that examine the hierarchical relationship between representative and direct democracy, the role of political education in direct democracy, the role of audit committees as information bodies and the Global Forum for Direct Democracy. The book addresses the emergence and practice of direct democracy in Ireland in the same scope and depth as recent developments in Switzerland, Austria, Germany and the USA. With contributions by Prof. Dr. Gavin Barrett; Dr. Laurent Bernhard; PD Dr. iur. & lic. phil. Corsin Bisaz; Prof. Dr. Nadja Braun Binder; Prof. Dr. Reiner Eichenberger; Andreas Gutmann, ref. jur.; Prof. Dr. iur. Hermann K. Heußner; Bruno Kaufmann, MSSc; Prof. Dr. iur. Arne Pautsch; Prof. Dr. Klaus Poier; Frank Rehmet, Dipl. pol.; Lars Ruchti, MLaw; Barbara Schaub, BLaw; Prof. Dr. Mark Schelker; Univ.-Prof. Dr. iur. Axel Tschentscher, LL.M. (Cornell); Prof. Dr. Monika Waldis; Prof. Dr. Fabian Wittreck; Prof. em. Dr. Béatrice Ziegler
Book chapters on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Klimscha, W., and M. Zimpfer. "The Role of Combined Anesthesia: Pros and Cons." In Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine - A.P.I.C.E. Springer Milan, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2278-2_63.
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Rivers, J., and J. P. Nolan. "The Pros and Cons of Epinephrine in Cardiac Arrest." In Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2014. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03746-2_33.
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Iapichino, G., and D. Radrizzani. "Anabolic Drive in Critically Ill Patients: Pros and Cons a Prevailing Glucose System." In Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85011-0_8.
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Gama de Abreu, M., P. R. M. Rocco, and P. Pelosi. "Pros and Cons of Assisted Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Lung Injury." In Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2011. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18081-1_14.
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Amelung, Nina, Rafaela Granja, and Helena Machado. "Poland." In Modes of Bio-Bordering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8183-0_6.
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Abstract Poland established its DNA database in 2007 and joined the Prüm system in 2013. In comparison to the other countries in the European Union, the Polish DNA database is small. The facilitation of international DNA data exchange was considered as fundamental to Poland’s project to technologically modernize, integrate into Europe and incorporate international crime control standards. Furthermore, the country has demonstrated openness to those new and emergent forensic DNA technologies that have been critically assessed and strictly regulated in other countries. Poland is among Prüm’s most proactive members and is a country ambitious to catch up with a circumscribed expansive mode of debordering. This proactivity is manifested in the range of bilateral data exchange connections Poland has made with other Member States and in the data categories it makes available. Poland’s commitment to expansive debordering dynamics goes hand in hand with the EU’s agenda of integrating security policies.
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"Mistake Proo¤ng." In The Definitive Guide to Emergency Department Operational Improvement. Productivity Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781439895382-12.
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"The Second Proem: The Emergence of the Narrator’s Voice." In A Study of the Narrator in Nonnus of Panopolis' Dionysiaca. BRILL, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004355347_004.
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Flood, Gavin. "The Emergence of Religion." In Religion and the Philosophy of Life. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836124.003.0002.
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The communicative practices that comprise religions have their roots in human niche construction. But this is not a cognitivist argument that locates religion in particular regions of the brain, or a naturalist, biological reductionism that maintains the hegemony of the genes; rather, it contends that forms of communicative practice that are constitutive of religions, while being rooted in human biology, function at a cultural level that has autonomy from the cellular. Religions are niche constructions that create worlds of meaning through imagination within which people can live complete and competent lives and that function eschatologically to facilitate self-repair; their roots are in the pro-social emotions, language development, and ritual behaviour.
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Ahmed, Ashir. "Communication Process of Disaster Management." In Emergency and Disaster Management. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6195-8.ch028.
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The importance of effective and timely communication is critical in disaster management life cycle. With the proliferation of communication and web technologies, the challenge has now shifted from the availability of information to the efficient handling of the sheer amount of information available online. This has attracted researchers and practitioners to find ways which can facilitate individuals and organizations in their decision making while dealing with large amounts of online data. This chapter presents (1) the evolution of web technologies from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0, (2) the overview of communications tasks involved in disaster management, and (3) the literature survey on the pros and cons of Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 in disaster management. By comparing the role of Web 2.0 with Web 3.0, the chapter also attempts to explore how the communication tasks of disaster management could be improved using Web 3.0. It is anticipated that the findings of this chapter will assist the decision makers to use Web 3.0 as a strategic tool for effective communication in disaster management.
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Michou, Eleni, Nikola Kozhuharov, Jasmin Martin, and Christian Mueller. "Acute dyspnoea in the emergency department." In The ESC Textbook of Intensive and Acute Cardiovascular Care, edited by Marco Tubaro, Pascal Vranckx, Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz, Susanna Price, and Christiaan Vrints. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198849346.003.0011.
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Acute dyspnoea is a very common symptom in the acute cardiac care setting. In contrast to current beliefs, acute dyspnoea, as the leading symptom, is associated with about twice the mortality risk, compared to acute chest pain. Rapid and accurate identification of the cause of dyspnoea is critical to the initiation of specific and effective treatment. In most patients, a rapid and accurate diagnosis in the emergency department can be achieved by a combination of vital signs, including pulse oximetry, detailed patient history, physical examination, blood tests including B-type natriuretic peptide or N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide, venous blood gases, and C-reactive protein in all patients, and D-dimers in selected patients, electrocardiograms, chest X-ray and pleural and/or lung ultrasound. It is key to remember that the prevalence of acute heart failure in unselected patients with acute dyspnoea is about 50%. Therefore, a high awareness for the presence of acute heart failure is mandatory. Acute heart failure, pneumonia, obstructive pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma), pulmonary embolism, and anxiety disorders represent more than 90% of all cases with acute dyspnoea in the emergency department. In about 10-15%, two acute causes (e.g. acute heart failure and pneumonia) may be present and require combined treatment. Transthoracic echocardiography should be immediately performed in all patients with acute dyspnoea and shock, and in those patients in whom the diagnosis remains uncertain, even after initial work-up
Conference papers on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Gonzalez-Deleito, Nicolas, and Elena Tsiporkova. "Emergencia: Pro-active decision support for emergency coordination through actionable emergency plans." In 2013 IEEE 11th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indin.2013.6622983.
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Abraham, Emmanuel, C. K. Nameer, Roshan Tom, Yedul Ganesh, and S. S. Vidhya. "Pro-Safe: An IoT based Smart Application for Emergency Help." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicict46008.2019.8993220.
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Raja, Prabu, and Naresh Kumar. "Utilization of Existing Metro Rail Viaduct for Emergency and Personal Rapid Transit." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0799.
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<p>In the present decade, urban transportation need to satify the requirement of the commuter to move faster and at the same time to achieve its affordability goal to the end user. In pursuit of this exploration, infrastructure built to cater the existing transportation modes &amp; network should be utilised to provide a sustainable solution. Accordingly, it has been discussed a new ideology of utilizing the emergency walkway of the existing metro rail elevated viaduct for providing services named Emergency Rapid Transit (ERT) and Personal Rapid transit (PRT). This paper describes about the requirements, pros and cons of implementing this ideology.</p>
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Чернобай, Оксана Сергеевна. "«GREEN» CONSTRUCTION - A TOOL OF A REASONABLE ECONOMY." In Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ «Нацразвитие» (Санкт-Петербург, Март 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/mar314.2021.46.51.011.
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В статье рассмотрено понятие «зеленого» строительства, период возникновения его в мире, основные стандарты, используемые для оценки эффективности мероприятий по снижению негативного влияния на окружающую среду, а также плюсы и минусы такого строительства. The article discusses the concept of "green" construction, the period of its emergence in the world, the main standards used to assess the effectiveness of measures to reduce the negative impact on the environment, as well as the pros and cons of such construction.
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Kurth, Robert, Elizabeth Kurth, Bruce Young, et al. "Benchmarking xLPR Version 1.0 With the PRO-LOCA Version 3.0 Code." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78170.
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The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in conjunction with the US nuclear power industry under the leadership of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is developing a new probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) code as a means of demonstrating compliance with the 10CFR50 Appendix A, General Design Criterion 4 (GDC-4) requirement that primary system piping exhibit an extremely low probability of rupture. This PFM code, called xLPR (eXtremely Low Probability of Rupture) will be comprehensive by addressing all aspects of the problem, i.e., crack initiation, growth, stability, surface crack detection and leakage detection. Previously, the NRC, along with two of its contractors, Battelle Memorial Institute and Engineering Mechanics Corporation of Columbus (Emc2), developed a probabilistic fracture mechanics code called PRO-LOCA[1] which was to have been used as a tool for re-evaluating the break frequency versus break size curves developed as part of the technical basis for the transition break size as part of the redefinition of the emergency core cooling system (ECCS) requirements in 10CFR50.46. PRO-LOCA was subsequently developed as part of an international cooperative research program led by Battelle called MERIT (Maximizing Enhancements in Risk-Informed Technology). Today PRO-LOCA is being further developed as part of another international cooperative program called PARTRIDGE (Probabilistic Analysis as a Regulatory Tool for Risk-Informed Decision GuidancE). The focus of this paper is three-fold. First, the relationship between PRO-LOCA and xLPR will be described. Secondly, the enhancements being made to PRO-LOCA will be discussed and compared to xLPR development. Finally, the results of some comparative cases where PRO-LOCA (Version 3.0) was benchmarked against xLPR (Version 1.0) are provided.
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Steiner, Torsten, Jörg Denzinger, Holger Kasinger, and Bernhard Bauer. "Pro-active Advice to Improve the Efficiency of Self-Organizing Emergent Systems." In 2011 8th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Engineering of Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (EASe). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ease.2011.11.
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Biloria, Nimish. "Smart Cities: A Socio-Technical Perspective." In International Conference on the 4th Game Set and Match (GSM4Q-2019). Qatar University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/gsm4q.2019.0020.
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This research paper elaborates upon the concept of Smart Cities and the evolution of the term itself throughout history in order to outline the emergence of two distinct schools of thought: technocentric and humancentric, which have shaped smart cities. The paper also categorizes smart cities based on these two perspectives and outlines the operational tactics associated with them. After discussing and summarizing the pros and cons of both perspectives, the viewpoint of a socio-technical system-based model for conceptualizing and re-thinking the smart city narrative is presented. This People, Activity, Context and Technology (PACT) based socio-technical ecosystem model and the manner in which it can overcome the shortcomings of the technocentric and the humancentric modes of thinking is thus presented as a way to understand the city and as a laboratory for initiating an ecology of informed smart innovations.
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Schleuning, W. D. "THE BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY OF SINGLE CHAIN UROKINASE TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642956.
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Urokinase was discovered in the late nineteenth century, as an enzymatic principle in urine, that initiates the dissolution of blood clots. The basis of this phenomenon was recognized more than fifty years ago as the activation of plasminogen, the precursor of a tryptic protease, then known as profibrinolysin. Despite this long history, detailed data on the biochemistry of plasminogen activation have only become available recently. Urokinase (now designated urokinase-type plasminogen activator : u-PA) is synthesized and secreted as a single chain polypeptide (Mr-: 53,000) by many cell types. Single chain u-PA (scu-PA) is with equal justification called prourokinase (pro-u-PA), notwithstanding its low catalytic activity for synthetic peptide substrates and plasminogen, as most proenzymes of proteases display a certain degree of activity. The structure of pro-u-PA has been elucidated by protein and cDNA sequencing. It consists of three domains, exhibiting characteristic homology to other proteins: a serine protease domain, homologous to trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase; a kringle domain, likewise found in prothrombin, plasminogen, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and Factor XII; and an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain, found in many other proteins, including certain clotting factors. Pro-u-PA is activated by the cleavage of its LYS158-Ile159 h1 bY either plasmin or kallikrein. This cleavage leads to a high increase of Kcat values with respect to both plasminogen and synthetic peptide substrates, but apparently to a reduction of its affinity to plasminogen. Thrartoin inactivates pro-u-PA irreversibly by the cleavage of the Arg156-Phe157 bond. U-PA but not pro-u-PA rapidly forms ccnplexes with plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI)-l and PAI-2: second order rate constants Kass are respectively > 107 and 0.9xl06 (M-11sec-1). Unknown enzymes process pro-u-PA and u-PA to low molecular weight (LMW) pro-u-PA and LMW u-PA (Mr: 33,000) by cutting off a fragment consisting of the kr ingle and the EGF—like region. Pro—u—PA mediated plasminogen activation is fibrin dependent in vivo, and to a certain degree in vitro. Hie biochemical basis of this fibrin specificity is at present uncertain, although there are reports indicating that it may require polyvalent cations. Through its EGF-like region HMW pro-u-PA and HMW u-PA are capable of binding to specific membrane protein receptors which are found on many cells. Thus, u-PA activity may be restricted to the cell surface. According to a recent report, binding of u—PA to the receptor may also mediate signal transduction in auto- or paracrine growth control. In cells permissive for the respective pathways, pro-u-PA gene transcription is stimulated by mechanisms of signal transduction, that include the cAMP, the tyrosine specific kinase and the protein kinase C dependent pathways. Glucocorticoid hormones downregulate pro-u-PA gene transcription in cells where the gene is canstitutively expressed. Although different cells vary greatly in their response to agents that stimulate urokinase biosynthesis, growth factors and other mitogens are in many cases effective inducers. Significantly elevated levels of u-PA are also found in many malignant tissues. These findings and many others suggest that plasminogen activation by u-PA provides localized extracellular matrix degradation which is required for invasive growth, cell migration and other forms of tissue remodelling. Fibrin represents in this view only a variant of an extracellular matrix, which is provided through the clotting system in the case of an emergency.
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Li, Min, Suzette Riddle, Amanda Flockton, et al. "Chronic Hypoxia Leads To Emergence Of Pro-Inflammatory Pulmonary Adventitial Fibroblasts Capable Of Inducing Alternative Activation In Monocytes/Macrophages." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a3498.
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King, Graeme, Dan Hoang, Victoria Stranzinger, and David Thom. "Hot Bitumen Pipeline Valve Replacement: Pipe Prop Anchoring Design With Mechanical Tensioning." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9391.
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Abstract An NPS 24 inline gate valve on a buried hot bitumen pipeline operating at temperatures up to 149°C failed open. The valve is on the north bank of the Steepbank River in northern Alberta and is equipped with an actuator that can automatically close the valve to protect the river in case of an emergency. It was therefore important to replace the valve as soon as practical. Worley was engaged to provide detailed engineering services for replacing the valve. Engineering objectives covered safety concerns associated with high operating temperatures and large axial compressive force in the pipeline, minimization of downtime, development of the best long-term valve replacement solution, and return of the pipeline to service with the same resistance to upheaval buckling it had when it was originally designed and constructed. Because the pipeline is buried and therefore restrained by the surrounding soil, an important goal of the original design was to prevent upheaval buckling and possible loss of containment by controlling thermal expansion forces due to its high operating temperature. Control was achieved during the original construction in two ways. Firstly, thermal compressive forces were reduced by heating the line to 90°C with forced air and locking it into the surrounding soil in its expanded state, and secondly, restraint was increased by using good backfill compaction, increased depth of burial, and imported fill wherever necessary. The high axial compressive force on the inline buried valve was identified as a possible cause of failure, and an early decision was made to replace it using an aboveground valve with sufficiently flexible aboveground piping to minimize or eliminate compressive forces on the valve. When the pipeline was cooled and cut to install the new valve, the original prestress was released, and the cut ends of the pipe pulled back on either side of the valve. The lost prestress was reinstated to the level specified in the original design using an innovative custom designed load bearing strut and tensioning system, referred to here as a Pipe Prop, that was installed between the cut ends of the buried mainline after the failed valve and fittings had been removed. The Pipe Prop also prevented differential axial movement between the cut ends of the buried pipeline due to changes in the operating pressure and temperature. This reduced the need for flexibility in the aboveground piping and allowed a short offset to be used between the new valve and the buried mainline, which reduced the footprint of the aboveground piping enough to fit within the restrictive boundaries of the site. Strain gauges were installed on the pipeline adjacent to the failed valve and upstream and downstream of the valve site. The gauges measured changes in stress when the buried pipeline was first cut, and allowed the stress state of the buried pipeline to be calculated to find if the cause of failure had been large axial loads imposed on the valve by the pipeline. The strain gauges also measured strain in the buried pipeline while using the tensioning system built into the Pipe Prop to re-establish the design level of prestress. Permanent strain gauges were also installed on the new aboveground piping adjacent to the replacement valve. The pipeline was returned to hotbit service in August 2019 and has operated continuously since that time without further problems at the valve station.
Reports on the topic "Emergency prom"
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Anderson, Lowell A., Neal Black, Thomas J. Hagerty, John P. Kluge, and Paul L. Sundberg. Pseudorabies (Aujeszky’s Disease) and Its Eradication: A Review of the U.S. Experience. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7207242.aphis.
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This report has been written to serve as a history of the U.S. Aujeszky’s Disease (Pseudorabies) Eradication Program and as a guide when future disease eradication programs are considered. The report provides an overview of the program and its history and is generally nontechnical, with specific sections written by subject matter experts. The information was compiled during 2007, three years after the last four States qualified for Stage V (Free) Status. This eradication effort was formally initiated in 1989. The contents of this report include a variety of information that represents the viewpoints of individuals participating in the eradication effort. To introduce the challenge of pseudorabies (PRV), the report covers characteristics of the virus and the history of the disease in the United States, followed by the emergence of virulent strains in the 1970s that coincided with management changes in the swine industry. The report also discusses early attempts at PRV control, vaccines, and diagnostic tools, and then reviews various pilot projects, individual State experiences, and national debate on the pros and cons of eradication versus control. In addition, the report offers details on the evolution and acceptance of a national eradication program, including debate among industry and State/Federal officials, funding, testing protocols, cleanup plans, and the development of gene-deleted vaccines and their complementary tests. The ongoing threat of reintroduction from feral swine and emergency response plans are also included. Lastly, the technical coordinators have included a chapter on lessons learned from our various viewpoints on the eradication effort.