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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Emetics, pharmacology

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Academic literature on the topic 'Emetics, pharmacology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Emetics, pharmacology"

1

King, Gregory L. "Animal models in the study of vomiting." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-040.

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The emetic responses to various pharmacological agents, cytotoxins, and radiation are compared among animal species. The species included for comparison are the human, nonhuman primate, dog, cat, and ferret. The categories of pharmacologic compounds include both those compounds that act on identified membrane receptors (e.g., cholinergic agonists, catecholamines, and neuroactive peptides) and those that act on unidentified receptors (e.g., cardiac glycosides and Veratrum alkaloids, among others). Emphasis is placed on emetic dose–response relations and threshold ED50 and ED100 values calculated from these relations, as indices of species sensitivity to emetic stimuli. For the more noxious emetics, the cytotoxins and radiation, the latency to the first emetic episode and duration of emesis are also compared across species. The effect that peripheral and central nerve lesions have on species differences in emetic responses to stimuli is also discussed.Key words: emesis, vomiting, ferret, dog, cat, nonhuman primate, model.

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2

Loewen, Peter S. "Anti-emetics in development." Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 11, no. 6 (June 2002): 801–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.11.6.801.

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Saylor, Matthew S., and Ronald F. Smetana. "Potential for drug–drug interactions in treating cancer-related nausea and distress." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 17, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155210384301.

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Purpose. To determine the extent and severity of drug–drug interactions between anti-emetics and antipsychotics or antidepressants. Summary. Oncology patients are often required to deal with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting at the same time as psychosocial distress. A review of primary literature, as well as several drug interaction databases, was performed with anti-emetics used in The NCCN® 1.2010 Anti-emesis Guidelines ( n = 11) and all currently US-marketed antidepressants or antipsychotics ( n = 40).1 The results from these databases were compiled into a single easy-to-use chart that portrays the severity of the interaction and brief recommendation.2,3,4 In total, 197 drug–drug interactions out of a total of 440 possible combinations (44.8%) were discovered during the analysis. Conclusions. Although most anti-emetics had several serious interactions with antidepressants or antipsychotics, palonosetron, and granisetron were found to have no significant interactions. The results can be used to avoid or limit drug interactions in the prescribing of new medications for the oncology patient.1,2,3,4

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Kraut, Ludwig, and Axel A. Fauser. "Anti-Emetics for Cancer Chemotherapy???Induced Emesis." Drugs 61, no. 11 (2001): 1553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200161110-00003.

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Takeda, Noriaki, Satoshi Hasegawa, Masahiro Morita, Arata Horii, and Toru Matsunaga. "Effects of anti-emetics on motion sickness of rats." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 58 (1992): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)49130-0.

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6

Bunce, Keith, Michael Tyers, and Paul Beranek. "Clinical evaluation of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists as anti-emetics." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 12 (January 1991): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(91)90493-c.

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7

Phillips, P. A., L. M. Burrell, J. Risvanis, J. Stephenson, C. I. Johnston, and A.-M. Hutchins. "EFFECTS OF ANTI-EMETICS ON WATER EXCRETION IN HUMANS." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 21, no. 1 (January 1994): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02436.x.

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8

Gompels, M., S. McWilliams, M. O'Hare, J. R. W. Harris, A. J. Pinching, and J. Main. "Ondansetron Usage in HIV Positive Patients: A Pilot Study on the Control of Nausea and Vomiting in Patients on High Dose Co-Trimoxazole for Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia." International Journal of STD & AIDS 4, no. 5 (September 1993): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249300400508.

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This was an open, single centre study, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ondansetron in the treatment of co-trimoxazole associated nausea and vomiting in AIDS patients. Sixteen patients presenting with their first episode of HIV-associated Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) on high dose co-trimoxazole were given ondansetron 8 mg orally, every 8h. Measurements were made from data recorded by each patient on diary cards. In this study 11 out of 16 (69%) patients on ondansetron experienced good control of emesis (2 or less emetic episodes) on their ‘worst day’ of therapy and 8 out of 16 (50%) of patients demonstrated good control of emesis throughout their treatment with co-trimoxazole. Good control of nausea (mild or none) was achieved in 7 out of 16 (47%) patients. A total of 7 patients were able to complete the full course of co-trimoxazole whilst on ondansetron. One serious adverse event (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) was reported and felt to be unrelated to ondansetron. If conventional anti-emetics fail to achieve control of symptoms or have unacceptable side effects, ondansetron may represent a possible alternative.

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KUBOTA, Yutaka, Kiyoshi MIHARA, Fumiyoshi ISHII, Keiko OHNO, Hiroyasu OGATA, Mizue MAKIMURA, Norikazu KIKUCHI, and Taeko KITANO. "Effectiveness of Anti-emetics for the Prophylaxis of Cisplatin-Induced Delayed Emesis : A Systematic Review." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 124, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.124.1.

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10

Roussel, Victoire, Thomas Tritz, Cécile Souty, Clément Turbelin, Christophe Arena, Bruno Lambert, Agnès Lillo-LeLouët, Solen Kernéis, Thierry Blanchon, and Thomas Hanslik. "Estimating the excess of inappropriate prescriptions of anti-dopaminergic anti-emetics during acute gastroenteritis epidemics in France." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 22, no. 10 (August 12, 2013): 1080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3486.

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Books on the topic "Emetics, pharmacology"

1

Emesis in anti-cancer therapy: Mechanisms and treatment. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Emetics, pharmacology"

1

Bhandari, Prasan. "Emetics and antiemetics." In Pharmacology Mind Maps for Medical Students and Allied Health Professionals, 405–14. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429023859-45.

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2

Bhandari, Prasan. "Emetics and Antiemetics." In Pharmacology for Medical Undergraduates, 317. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/14244_40.

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3

Shrivastava, Meena. "Emetics and Antiemetics." In Fundamental and Applied Pharmacology for Nurses, 168. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11279_20.

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4

Panwar, Arvind. "Abdominal colic, emetics and antiemetics." In Basics in Pharmacology for Dental Students, 260. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11626_46.

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5

Scholar, Eric. "Emetine." In xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, 1–4. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008055232-3.61675-7.

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6

"Emetic And Antiemetic Herbs." In The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs, Second Edition. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420048261.ch21.

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7

Emmett, Stevan R., Nicola Hill, and Federico Dajas-Bailador. "Principles of clinical pharmacology." In Clinical Pharmacology for Prescribing. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694938.003.0009.

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Pharmacology is defined as the study of the effects of drugs on the function of a living organism. It is an integrative discipline that tackles drug/ compound behaviours in varied physiological systems and links these to cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. As a scientific endeavour, pharmacology evolved from the early identification of therapeutic properties of natural compounds, with herbal medicines and relatively complex pharmacopoeias widely used in early cultures. Despite this, lack of understanding of the physiological, pathological, and chemical processes governing the human body prevented the early establishment of pharmacology as a scientific discipline. Since then, pharmacology has progressed to be considered a fully developed integrative science that employs techniques and theories from various disciplines, such as chemistry, biochemistry, genomics, medicinal chemistry, physiology, and cellular and molecular biology. Collectively, these are applied to study disease causality and the relevant mechanistic action of compounds, to establish new treatments. In the last 100 years, the importance of clinical pharmacology has increased in line with the scientific and technological advances in biomedical research. Benefits gained from molecular and cellular approaches have enabled a more comprehensive analysis of drugs and their actions in functional context. Now, clinical pharmacology and therapeutics encompass the discovery, development, regulation, and application of drugs in a process that integrates scientific research with clinical practice to better treat illness and preserve health. Within this textbook the principles of pharmacology are discussed by therapeutic area so that the reader can link disease pathophysiology, drug mechanism, and modern prescribing behaviours for conditions commonly seen in clinical practice. There are, however, fundamental concepts that are universal in understanding the interaction between drugs and their ‘targets’, including receptor pharmacology, genomic pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics. The pharmacological receptor models preceded by many years the knowledge of the receptor as an entity. It was not until the last 150 years that a series of contributions from many notable biologists and chemists established the principles that founded modern day pharmacology. They produced a significant paradigm shift in therapeutics, where empirical descriptors of the activities observed (heating, cooling, moistening, emetic, etc.) were replaced by the concept of a ‘target’. After more than a century, the basic receptor concept is still the foundation of biomedical research and drug discovery.

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8

Chow, Kimberly, Daniel Cogan, and Sonni Mun. "Nausea and vomiting." In Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing, 175–90. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199332342.003.0010.

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Nausea and vomiting are symptoms commonly experienced in advanced disease, especially the cancer population. Clear understanding of the different concepts surrounding nausea and vomiting is essential and will aid in screening, preventing, assessing, and treating symptoms as well as improve understanding of the incidence and severity of patient distress. The cause of nausea and vomiting is often multifactorial and requires a thorough assessment and understanding of the emetic pathway and neurotransmitters involved in order to aid treatment decisions. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions should be used to manage the distressful symptoms of nausea and vomiting. Nurses play a vital role in helping patients and family members manage and cope with nausea and vomiting.

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