Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Émigration et immigration – Afrique occidentale'
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Aşan, Emine. "Le mariage polygame : matrimonialité conflictuelle, jurisprudence, réalités historiques et sociales en Turquie et en Algérie." Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1225.
Full textWhat is the polygamy? By whom, why and how is it practiced? In a comparative study of two grounds to strong Moslem population, such as Turkey and Algeria, we would try to answer these questions at the same time of macrosociological and microsociological order. In Turkey, between an official ban and a tolerant tradition, the management of the polygamy in the space public is made through strategies of bypassing of the institutional laws to make an organization of the polygamy on the administrative and legal plan. When in Algeria, louse the management of this organization, laws exist to limit the polygamy but without forbidding it really. But it becomes then a perpetual game of bypassing of laws in a formal / informal relationship. So, in societies current and studied in this research work, the reasons of the practice of the polygamy are not only of religious order. He appears there also. He represents so many cultural, economic and social reasons there. That it is in Turkey or in Algeria, The polygamy is cannot be practised in the same way and for them even reasons (because these last ones are multiple) but finally the nature of the reasons is even. Satisfy an expression of the one in an environment social holistic. It would thus be a means to be in the social standard while being an individual will. But the conflicting nature stemming from quoted(esteemed) stimulating sound of balance of power and power by a process of territorialisation and of appropriation of the polygamous space, transforms it into social destroyer where sound impacts on the children is not lesser
Houlbert, Caroline. "État de la jeliya malinké au Mali et en France et ses conditions modernes d'exercice." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040178.
Full textThe triumph of occidental values since the shock of colonisation has obliged the Malinke griots of West Africa to reposition themselves in front of a fragmented society that tends to contest the usefulness of traditional values. Thus, the question of their status and legitimacy needs to be raised. This thesis is organised in two main parts and aims to determine the present role of griots today, not only among their original socio-cultural environment but also as migrants, in a changing and multicultural urban environment. The first part intends to analyse Malinke griots who live and "practice" in Mali, in order to understand them in their everyday traditional environment. The second part discusses the "uprooted" griots of Paris in particular who have decided to conquest the world
Flory, Céline. "La liberté forcée : politiques impériales et expériences de travail dans l'Atlantique au XIXème siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0135.
Full textAfter April 27th 1848, when slavery in the French colonies was permanently abolished, colonial administrators add planters attempted to reorganize colonial labor by introducing foreign contract workers. The Ministry of the Navy and colonies, responding to their requests, established a state-funded system to import indentured laborers. Thus, between 1854 and 1862, more than 21,000 men, women and children were recruited along the coast of West Africa to go to work ID French Guiana and French West Indies. This migration consisted of two distinct flows. First, between 1854 and 1856, recruitment was done among free African populations, and second, between 1857 and 1862, where recruitment was carried out in populations with captive status with a method called repurchase. By this method, French private merchants purchased captives, in order to "free" them by imposing on them a ten-year contract of indenture to be implemented on the other side of the Atlantic. 93% of these immigrants were thus recruited and indentured. This study examines the legal and ideological discourses held by the colonial actors to legitimize these forms of immigrations and focuses on the practices in place to recruit, transport and put to work the indentured workforce. It also treats the experiences of migration and work of African immigrants, who, for the vast majority of them, settled in their place of arrival
Chakroun, Najib. "Migration des cadres maghrébins en Europe occidentale : l'exemple de la France et de la Suisse romande." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081083.
Full textThe migration of professional maghreb people from the maghreb (algerians, moroccans and tunisians) residing in western europe and specially in france and "suiss-roman" is a new phenomenal which superimpose itself on the migration of workers and which constitutes a recent vane in the system of the economic structures of the european countries. The migration of maghrebs people raises questions because of its progressive implementation related to its old history, but accomplished above all at the expanse of participation in the development processes of the host countries. This migration is mainly a complex of re deployment of identity references, of separation between citizenship and nationality, at the same time when there is a multiplication of community networks at the international level, that constitutes a phenomena of "diasporas" because of the acceleration of urbanization. The migration of professionals is the expression of the impact of inter-ethnic relations on the nation-state and their consequences, such as xenophobia, racism, pluralism of national of race and racism of color. At the institutional level, the people from maghreb are not well represented, because they lack the recognition of the legal status of "citizen", at the same level of the european nationalities. To date for several paradoxes and specially ethnic, geographic and religious, the integration of the maghreb populations is blocked
Louis, Matthieu. "Ethnologie de l'aventure : pratiques contemporaines de la mobilité masculine et productions identitaires en Afrique de l'Ouest (Burkina Faso)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG039.
Full textEthnology of the adventure. Contemporary practices of male mobility and identity buildings in West Africa (Burkina Faso) – This PhD thesis features an ethnology of migratory phenomena in West Africa which promotes a study of the mobility locally called “adventure” as an anthropology of the uncertainty. The initial purpose was to grasp labile and roaming identities of migrants who refer to themselves as adventurers – identity branched to specific practices, desires and conceptions of the Elsewhere. In approaching as closely as possible the meaning of the speeches of the actors and the witnesses, in analyzing thick biographies of adventurers in order to reproduce the subjective dimension of their migratory experience, and in observing in vivo the social contexts and the crucibles of meanings where the desires of extroversion arise, we give to see and understand the adventurers’ uses of the Here and the Elsewhere, as well as their relationships to themselves, to others and to the world they generate. Contrary to the cliché painting migrations in the most miserable way, thus we unveil a philosophy of the mobility that makes us inclined to think the adventurer as a subject-author of his existence and the adventurism as an éthos and a ritual form of self-aestheticization, self-narrative, self-conquest and self-exposure
Kagambega, Marcel. "Le rôle des États du Sud dans l’encadrement juridiques des migrations Sud-Nord et Sud-sud : l’exemple des États de l’Afrique de l’ouest." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0451.
Full textThe South-North and South-South migrations constitute one of the burning hot newstoday, whereas the supposed legal instruments to control them are unknown by people, andinsufficientthy analyzed by lawyers. The role of implied States, regional community agencies andinternational institutions, is howewer foundamental in the recognition or the refusal of migrantworkers’rights. The present thesis identifies two situations which characterize the behavior of manyAfrican States since their accession to national and international sovereignty. On the one hand, AfricanStates played a role of subordination, with respect to the States of the North (from 1960 to 2006),through which they were satisfied with answering favorably to the migratory policies of WesternStates, without requiring any counterpart. On the other hand, this study shows a relative emancipationof certain African States since the conclusion of re-admission agreements. Those are States (Senegaland Mali) with older South-North migratory traditions, which require from now on counterparts beforethe signature of new conventions. The behavior of those States is also influenced by a national opinionmore sensitive to the migratory question and a well-educated diaspora strongly settled in the NorthenStates. Lastly, the survey puts forward contradictions of the West African Community orgazations onthe migratory issue. UEMOA and ECOWAS organizations taken out of wice between the promotingfreedom of movement and that of right of residence as well as establishment of people in migratoryspaces actually competing each other, and ensuring at the same time the role of external guard-bordersfor the European Union
Adjanohoun, Albert. "Les problèmes des travailleurs migrants en Afrique de l'Ouest /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36649675s.
Full textChena, Salim. "Réification, exil et nation : sociopolitique des migrations irrégulières vers et depuis l'Algérie." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0073.
Full textIrregular migrations towards and from Algeria are an important phenomenon of the African and Euro-African migration systems. Subsaharans and Algerians exiled represent an undeniable stake in the Algerian domestic and foreign policies. Exiled are vicims of repression, exploitation and of hard living conditions; but, they also are actors of their lives thanks to shunning strategies of borders, a strong solidarity and thanks to the formation of new forms of belonging. This work analyses the subtle dialectics between exiled and political, judicial and economic structures which frame their actions. The reification of exile as a lived experience lays on political images of the exiled, on the predation their victims of, and on the arbitrary derogation to the principle of political asylum. But, this process ends in the reification of the exiled and their bodies, inside the migrant communities or in their relation to the institutions. Beyond the judicial or sociological traditional categories, the notion of exile offer an insight into the lived experience of the individuals in a world that denies them any sort of recognised status, which is all the more true in their country of origin. Against the reification of the exiIed, the struggle takes different forms from the communal solidarity to sociopolitical mobilisation. In a critical perspective, we defend the hypothesis that the reification of exile and of the exiled does not prevent the development of political protesting identities
Belkacem, Lila. "L'« enfant perdu » et le « pays d'origine » : construction des origines et expériences migratoires de descendants d'immigrants ouest-africains en région parisienne." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0091.
Full textAiming to deconstruct some of the representations of the link to the country of origin of descendants of West African: immigrants in France, this thesis analyzes the social processes involved in the construction of origins, namely, of what the term origin(s) classically refers to: so-called cultures, traditions, values, identities, but also the places and group, being associated with origins. The analysis is grounded in five ethnographic fieldworks conducted in the vicinity of Paris and in Mali with youngsters, members of their families as well as associative and institutional representatives experiences of long-term trips in Mali for "people in difficulty" ; a summer camp for children of Malian immigrants association-based gatherings between youngsters and seniors on the issue of associative involvement ; ethnoclinica consultations in solve family issues considered to be rooted in cultural matters ; conversations on the Internet permeate with the question of the link to origins. In these situations, a reflection about roots is activated, portraying the maintenance of the links to the homeland as conditional to the success and the wellbeing. In order to appreciate the popularity of this thought, this thesis highlights the singular socio-historical context in which descendants of immigrant, undertake the double experience of migration (direct or indirect) and that of minorization (social and ethnoracial) Through the concepts of performance and performativity, it focuses upon the mechanisms and effects of situations shaping the links to the country of origin and draws particular attention to power dynamics rooted in generational ties sex, class and race/ethnicity
Despres, Altaïr. "Se faire contemporain : les danseurs africains à l'épreuve de la mondialisation culturelle." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070029.
Full textCultural globalization considered as a conjunction of substantial practices rather than a uniform and unrestrained phenomenon, raises the problem of the emergence of transnational social spaces and the production, in a global scale, of persons, activities and specific interests. This research deals with this question starting with the case of african contemporary dance seen as a deployment in the South of a symbolic economy first structured in the North. Combining different methods of investigation - multisited ethnography (Mali, Burkina Faso, Tunisia, France), interviews, archives - the analysis first establishes the role of cooperation policies as well as artistic issues in the emergence of a franco-african choreographic space. The thesis then focuses on the trajectory of the concerned dancers, often born in poor families, from their unlikely engagement in contemporary dance, to their potential insertion in the international choreographic market, and their learning of codes which are inseparably aesthetic and moral. It appears that the interest for a foreign art practice can arise and perpetuate in relation to local extra-artistic issues: research for economic remuneration and international migration among others. The last part of the thesis, based on a participant observation in a contemporary dance company, shows that the integration of african creation in the field of contemporary art depends as much on the internalization of its aesthetic norms as on the staging of cultural symbols perceived as peculiar to Africa
Keita, Boulaye. "Migrations internationales, investissements immobiliers et recomposition territoriale en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas de Bamako." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070047.
Full textInternational migration is one of the major dynamics of the Malian population. This is a historical and cultural practice. If it was still considered a tool against poverty for only certain communities over time, we must say that it has experienced notable changes over the last thirty years now involving almost every community in the country. This thesis is at the heart of the analysis of these Malian international migration in relation to the issue's urban investment. Mostly from rural areas, Malian international migrants have become key players in urban centers in Mali with a particular enthusiasm for the capital Bamako. The main objective is to come to grips with urban change and social issues related to ownership of land and property of Malians abroad in areas of facilities in Bamako. Divided into three parts, the first part of this thesis provides an understanding on the one hand, the methodology adapted during the fieldwork, the main components of the District of Bamako, and an overview of international migration in Mali on the other. The second part entitled "Migrants, investment strategy and urban development" is the heart of this research. This is analysis of territorial impacts related to the involvement of migrants in the land and property in the district of Bamako. It also highlights the strategies defined by international migrants and the role of intermediaries throughout the process of real estate investment project of the migrant. The third part in a first step, the operation of land markets. The second part of the study is devoted to the participation of international migrants in the urban economy, the games of players ENTERED migrants and other actors in districts, land disputes and ends on the study of prospects and some suggestions for that revenue from international migration of Malians are a lever for development in Mali and for better management of land and property in urban areas
Furtado, Clémentina. "Les migrations de l'Afrique occidentale au Cap-Vert: attitudes et représentations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209573.
Full textL´objectif de ce travail vise à analyser la construction des images de l'immigration en provenance de pays membres de la CEDEAO au Cap-Vert, les représentations et les attitudes réciproques à l´égard de ce phénomène et les contextes dans lesquels elles se produisent. L'hypothèse de base est qu´on est dans un pays où les autochtones ont toujours vécu avec des étrangers, pas dans leur pays d´origine, mais dans des nombreuses destinations d'émigration. De même, cette coexistence, que fut la plupart du temps avec les Européens et les Américains blancs, commence à s´établir avec les voisins du continent, non pas dans un pays tiers mais au Cap Vert. Par conséquent, l'objectif est de comprendre les relations entre les groupes sociaux, nationaux et immigrés, à la suite de la fixation et l'insertion des immigrés dans les secteurs socio-économiques nationaux, particulièrement dans le marché du travail, où on trouve un taux de chômage élevé.
Cette étude est fondée sur un dialogue avec les théories des migrations internationales et les théories des représentations sociales et qui soutiennent la thèse.
From a country of emigrants, Cape Verde transformed into a country of immigrants during the 90’s, mainly in the second half of that decade. The country started receiving immigrants especially from the neighbourhood countries of the ECOWAS region, due to the free movement of people subscribed in the Protocol of movement of people ratified by Cape Verde. The country has been a focus of attraction of labour workers following the boom in tourism and related activities, including construction and public works, commerce, hotels, and restaurants services.
This work has the main objective to analyse the construction of the images of the people coming from the ECOWAS countries members in Cape Verde, the representations and reciprocal attitudes in relation to this phenomenon and the contexts in which they occur. It is assumed that we are in a country where the local population always interacted with foreigners not in their origins but in the various migratory destinations. Similarly, this coexistence that happened mainly with white Europeans and Americans is happening with the neighbours of the continent. Consequently, it is intended to understand the relationships the social groups, nationals and immigrants establish among them as a result of establishment and insertion in the national socioeconomic sectors, mainly at the labour market, where, along with high unemployment rate, it is, verified a massive inclusion of the ECOWAS foreigners.
The current study is based on a dialogue with the international migration theories and the social representation theories that will support the thesis.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Fané, Zoumana. "La politique étrangère du Mali : 1960-2008 : permanences, ajustements et perspectives : action extérieure d'un Etat sahélien enclavé." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100036.
Full textThis thesis is relative to the Malian Foreign Policy from 1960 to 2008. It' s divided in three parties. The first is on the relationships of Mali with two west african countries: Sénégal and Côte d'Ivoire in one hand. In the other band, the relationships with North African States - Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Tunisia are analysed and the position of Mali in the Middle and Near-East majors Problems. The 2nd Party emphasizes the nature of relations beteween Malian State and external powerfull countries such as France, China and USA. As to the 3rd Party, it puts an accent on the the rote of Malian immigration on the national development Strategy and the mecanism of protection the Malian State offered to its Migrants
Qribi, Abdelhak. "Acculturation, éducation familiale et scolarité de l'enfant maghrébin dans le contexte français de l'immigration." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN21018.
Full textThe main hypothesis of the inquiry is based on the idea that the maghrebin family circle is not so uniform as we can think: a diversity both cultural and educational can be observed. Taking account of a problematic of acculturation, the study shows how the cultural options adopted by the parents have repercussions on children education. A typology is proposed to show it. The study reinforces the assumption that the socio-economic conditions do not necessarily lead to an educational style regarding the values and the educational principals and structuration of the family environment-as J. Lautrey suggest (1980) but it is the form that takes the acculturation on modernity at a given moment of the history of the maghrebin migrant which induces such. Those results could contribute to change the approach of the diversity in the school profiles of the children belonging to the circle which has been studied
Hadfi, Zied. "Émigration clandestine des jeunes Tunisiens : sur le chemin de la citadelle." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084163.
Full textThis thesis aims at highlighting the salient characteristics of the illegal immigration of young Tunisians in these times of globalization. We propose to examine this phenomenon at the point of its generation and by its actors, The Harraga, (the frontiers burners), across time and space. We describe this new form of mobility which is placed in a migratory context hitherto unseen just before “The Arab Spring” and Ben Ali downfall. We have identified a chronology which is organized around a central point of departure, highlighting the challenges, fears and hopes. We have shown that the migration process can be understood as a long process of maturity that starts with the incubation stage, takes shape and becomes mature and subsequently blossoms in the move to action becoming irreversible. The aforementioned process is carried out in various places of socialization described in the thesis: Cafés, beaches, neighborhoods, interstitial areas of the town. At every stage of these, the process implies inevitably social and spatial issues. This paper therefore puts forward a description and a sociological analysis of migration paths taken by these new avatars of postmodern nomadism, as well as the networks they used, including family and friendly environment. In this regard, is proposed an analysis of these networks and their operation as well as smugglers pictures
Mbolo, Jean-Marie. "Une histoire socioculturelle des sociabilités corporelles et sportives des immigrés africains subsahariens en région bordelaise (1960-2010)." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR22024.
Full textWhile the question of "living together" is still a central issue in French society, this thesis recounts the creation in the Bordeaux region of social and professional sporting activities among sub-Saharan African immigrants in the post-colonial period. The dynamic of this activity has changed over time. While the 1960s were a relatively quiet period in this respect, several types of sociability based on many ethno-national, national, ethnic and generational interfaces have come to exist since the 1970s. The various projects for immigration associated with several types of immigration waves, together with the influence of transnational links between countries from which the immigrants came and France, primarily explain this historical trend. This research project adds to the French historiography of the subject under study. It shows that the logic of the community has a strong impact on sports and physical practices, with the exception of the descendants of the immigrants who tend to shun this tendency. The findings show that that the relationship between sport andimmigration is by no means linear but is subject to the complexity of contemporary migration flows and to the sustainable settlement of the populations involved
Rispler, Isabelle. "“Lands of the future" : German-speaking identity, networks, and territoriality in the South Atlantic, 1820-1930." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC072/document.
Full textThe movement of German-speakers to the South Atlantic did not begin with Nazis seeking refuge in Argentina in the aftermath of World War II, nor did it start with the organization of the German protectorate of South-West Africa in 1884. Throughout the nineteenth century, the great majority of German-speakers leaving Europe travelled and migrated to North America, but some German-speakers had begun settling in both Argentina and Namibia well before the turn of the twentieth century. German-speaking merchants and missionaries started travelling to and settling in the South Atlantic in the 1820s. These South Atlantic German-speakers were influenced by the changing conditions in Europe: the increasing mobility of people and goods through the advancement of technology, and the increasing dominance of Nation-states on Western Europe’s political scene. After its founding in 1871, the German nation-state expanded its political reach with the German Empire’s increasing desire for power on the global market. After 1900 in particular, politically active Germans sought to compete against the increasing economic competition from the United States by attempting to redirect German-speaking migrants from their U.S. rival to areas they deemed more apt for continued German state aid and control. In this context, many Germans recognized German South-West Africa as the only territory suitable for large-scale German settlement. Meanwhile, German-speakers in Argentina became involved in marketing Argentina as the ideal destination for German-speaking migration and numerous publications praised it as the “land of the future.”German-speaking migration to the United States and Canada is well documented, whereas scholars have paid less attention to those migrants who went to Argentina and Namibia. Within the existing secondary literature, scholars have treated German-speakers in Argentina mostly as foreign migrants in an established republic, while conversely studying German-speakers in Namibia primarily within the context of German colonialism. I argue that it is historians who have created this division which overemphasizes the differences between the continents’ historically rendered trajectories, while hiding the connections and similarities from the viewpoint of nineteenth-century German-speaking migrants. I propose to study the everyday life experiences of nineteenth-century German-speakers on both sides of the South Atlantic within one single analytical field. I argue that even though the respective political circumstances varied, the everyday life experiences of these German-speakers on both sides of the South Atlantic were more similar than different. I analyze the writings and belief-systems of nineteenth-century contemporaries in order to overcome the dichotomy that historians have created as distinct and mutually exclusive types of global movement. What happened in the South Atlantic was “transnational colonization:” emerging nation-states were involved in the colonization process – Argentina in South America and Germany in Namibia – and civil servants helped further their growth. However, within these states, people who maintained a variety of European identities and origins, were active agents in the colonization process. My sources include texts produced by short- and long-term migrants, such as travel writings as well as community and government records currently held in archives in Germany, Argentina and Namibia
Audette-Chapdelaine, Sophie. "Un tremplin, mais pas nécessairement vers l'Europe : (in)visibilité de personnes originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne au Maroc." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23918.
Full textSingault, Ndinga Steve. "La situation juridique des ressortissants d'Afrique subsaharienne en France." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA111002.
Full textLioré-Kovacs, Julie. "Les enfants et les adolescents originaires d'Afrique occidentale à Marseille. Des identités en construction." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00177777.
Full textL'étude montre, à travers la structure et l'éducation familiales (rôles respectifs, système de classes d'âge, séniorité et autorité), comment les parents africains transmettent à leurs enfants les règles et les pratiques culturelles et cultuelles en situation d'immigration, et en quoi ce contexte modifie l'éducation familiale et la perception qu'en ont les parents.
A l'école, les contacts fréquents et prolongés avec l'extérieur se matérialisent. Les normes et les pratiques culturelles se trouvent confrontées à d'autres. La socialisation des enfants générée par ces contacts va à l'encontre de l'éducation familiale. L'école et la résonance de la proximité pluriculturelle, que constituent les pairs et les acteurs scolaires, agissent sur le processus de construction identitaire de ces enfants.
L'usage des marqueurs (vestimentaires, alimentaires...) et des référents d'identification montre une variation synchronique, entre l'espace privé et public et en fonction des interlocuteurs, et fait apparaître le caractère dynamique et mouvant des systèmes d'appartenance sociales et culturelles. Les enfants et les adolescents oscillent entre deux dynamiques d'affirmation identitaire : ils revendiquent les identités familiales dans l'espace privé, et les identités sociales en dehors, et adoptent les normes établies dans les milieux respectifs.
Les identités ne sont jamais figées, mais malléables et changeantes, pour les usagers comme pour ceux qui les leur attribuent, une variabilité à envisager et à déterminer dans une perspective dynamique et interactionniste.
M've, Gaëlle. "Migrations des Africains subsahariens vers l'Espagne (1985-2008)." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20016.
Full textFor so long Spain had been a country of emigration but since the 1990s it has become one of the favourite destinations of Sub-Saharan Africans. Senegalese, Malians, Congolese, Central Africans, Nigerians, Ghanaians, Guineans, Ivoirians and so forth undertake the journey by “patera” or “cayuco” in order to reach the Spanish borders via various itineraries among which Morocco remains the main transit country. Since Spain was not prepared for permanent settlement of foreigners on its territory, between 1985 and 2008, the country had to start adapting its legislation to the new realities related to this phenomenon. With the "Ley de Extranjería" of 1985, Spain regulates the stay of foreigners and with the Organic Law 4/2000 social integration of foreigners is addressed for the first time even though in its implementation, the PP and PSOE have slightly different policies. As far as the PP is concerned, it is a policy focusing on security issues and tightened border controls, whereas the PSOE focuses on the rights and welfare of migrants already living in Spain. The adoption of the "Africa" plan (2006-2008) heralds a new diplomatic perspective of Spain in Africa. Moreover, NGOs, associations and even the Spanish government are committed, each in its field of competence, to the process of integration of black Africans in Spain. Nowadays, this phenomenon puts Spain in partnership with Africa in the economic, social, and political fields
Penati, Beatrice. "L’émigration nationaliste musulmane de l’ex Empire russe en Europe occidentale (1919-1939)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0120.
Full textThe thesis analyses the nationalist discourse developed by Russian Muslim émigrés in Europe in propaganda and para-diplomacy, to ascertain the impact of the exile and the absorption of current European political tropes. It is based on archivai sources and émigré press. After a survey of nationalisms before and during the revolution, a first part analyses the history of the delegations and "centres" of Azerbaijan, North-Caucasus, Turkestan and Idel' -Ural, from the peace conference throughout -the development of the "promethean front". Cleavages and alliances depended on pre-exile personal animosities and on diverging views on the national movements' strategy abroad. The second part explores these topics: the failure of autonomy and/or independence, the idea of nation and Turkic solidarity bonds, Islam in national identity, federative projects, anti-communism and anti-sovietism, and sympathies towards fascist regimes (viewed as supreme avatars of the national principle), esp. After 1934
Follana, Christine. "La recherche d'une politique migratoire commune en Europe : étude comparative à partir des exemples de la France et de l'Espagne : les cas des migrants d'Afrique subsaharienne." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010518.
Full textGary-Tounkara, Daouda. "Migrants soudanais-maliens et conscience ivoirienne : les étrangers en Côte d'Ivoire, 1903-1980 /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413425700.
Full textAltasserre, Stephan. "Les mobilités bulgares en Europe occidentale et plus particulièrement en France au cours de la période postcommuniste (1989-2012)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC025.
Full textThe main objective of this PhD research was to type the specificities of Bulgarian post-communist mobility to France. First of ail, the research focused on highlighting the common features of migration in Western Europe. Then, specificities were revealed on some territories, including French regions.The research finally led to distinguish mobilities to France from the rest of Bulgarian migrations within Europe, revealing some specificities, as follows: French-speaking intellectual migrants including students, alumni from French schools, the spreading of Danovism from France, the activism of the former generations of Bulgarian immigrants, the role of the Foreign Legion and the Roma mobility.Thus, the research allowed to define the particular aspects of choosing an immigration to France for Bulgarian people
Thiollet, Hélène. "Migrations et intégrations dans le sud de la mer Rouge : migrants et réfugiés érythréens au Soudan, au Yémen et en Arabie Saoudite 1991-2007." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0055.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the role played by migrants and refugee from Eritrea in the evolution of international relations in the Arab world and on the political transformations in the countries of origin and the countries of asylum and immigration. Starting with individual itineraries and collective mobilization within diasporic communities, we describe the sociological functioning of migration networks around the Red sea. We compare this sociology of Eritrean migrations to the strategies and management devices used by States, governmental and inter-governmental organizations to control fluxes and diasporic communities. We reckon that migration policies and integration policies fail considering the resilience of the social and political processes favoring mobility and settlement of Eritrean abroad in the Arab world. We claim that mobility itself is a factor of political change in a context of low institutionnal integration and that migration, through social and informal way, provokes crucial political transformations at the national and regional level
Haddad, Afef. "Migrations internationales et libre-échange : caractéristiques particulières de l'émigration des compétences et importance de l'effort technologique." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010025.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the analysis of the relationship between international migration and international trade paying attention to the special characteristics of the brainy migrants. The integration of the human capital externalities and social capital permitted to have considerable results in relation to international trade theory. Although international migration is often considered as a substitute for international trade in goods so that trade liberalization can be a solution for migration problems, in many important cases such as cross country differences in technology, migration costs and adjustment costs, it can be a complement for international flows of commodities. The aim of this thesis is to replace the theory of international migration among the recent developments of international trade by focusing on the special determinants of brain drain. The empirical analysis is focused on a survey of brainy migrants and foreign students in france
Segatti-Kazadi, Wa Kabwe Aurelia. "La place de l'étranger dans la "nouvelle" Afrique du Sud : la réforme d'une politique de l'immigration : 1986-2002." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_07_Segatti.pdf.
Full textDeliberately breaking away from the majority of South African approaches which are essentially based on public policy assessments and prescriptions, this thesis studies the policy-making process and the perceptions of foreigners that run through decision-making. After unravelling the functioning of the two-gate policy system that prevailed throughout the 20th century, a discussion of the legislative reform process launched from 1994 onward is proposed in which the networks, strategies and discourses of the key role-players are identified. The analysis concludes that in spite of a constitutional overhaul of the immigration legislation and the creation of a protection regime for refugees, the status quo prevails. National and regional factors, persisting coercive practices, a growing national/foreigner awareness and existing representations criminalising African migrants in particular are some of the many elements that constrain governmental action
Maslah, Amina. "Un espace partagé : circulations et migrations entre les rives et les îles du canal de Sicile au XIXe siècle (1800-1896)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010564.
Full textCandiz, Guillermo Osval, and Guillermo Osval Candiz. "Le parcours du combattant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33290.
Full textVictimes, trafiquants, clandestins, délinquants, « narcos », aventuriers, sans-papiers, illégaux, héros, irréguliers, passeurs, frontières, naufrages, enlèvements, morts, « eldorado », « American dream ». La liste est longue pour décrire le phénomène migratoire qui touche aujourd’hui le Maroc et le Mexique. Depuis quelques années, ces deux pays attirent l’attention des gouvernements, des journalistes et des chercheurs, car ils sont désormais désignés pays de transit et de destination pour les migrants irréguliers en provenance de la région subsaharienne pour le Maroc et de l’Amérique centrale pour le Mexique. Ils se sont transformés en pays stratégiques, en zones tampons au niveau géopolitique, notamment en ce qui concerne les questions de sécurité, de gouvernance des flux migratoires et de protection des frontières des pays du Nord. En réponse à l’ampleur des flux migratoires, nous assistons à un processus de sécuritisation de la migration se manifestant fondamentalement, dans le cas de notre étude, par le renforcement du contrôle des frontières européennes et américaines et par l’externalisation de ces frontières bien au-delà de leurs limites territoriales. Une de principales conséquences de ce processus est l’augmentation des coûts économiques et humains de la migration pour traverser ces frontières créant ainsi une population de migrants qui s’installent à long terme au Maroc et au Mexique. Alors que la recherche actuelle porte principalement sur les politiques nationales et multilatérales et sur les dispositifs de sécurité et de contrôle, cette étude a pour objectif principal de comprendre les facteurs qui façonnent et influencent l’évolution du projet migratoire pendant l’attente au Maroc et au Mexique, dans un contexte de sécuritisation et d’externalisation des frontières. L’analyse repose sur une étude ethnographique ayant comporté trois périodes de collecte de données. La première période s’est déroulée au Mexique pendant le mois d’août 2013, la deuxième au Maroc entre les mois de janvier et juillet 2015 et la troisième au Mexique entre les mois d’août et décembre 2015. Au total nous avons réalisé 45 entretiens au Mexique et 30 au Maroc, en plus des données collectées à travers des observations réalisées sur le terrain. À partir de trois niveaux d’analyse (macro, méso et micro), les résultats montrent que la sécuritisation et l’externalisation des frontières précarisent davantage les migrants en mettant leur trajectoire en attente, dans une sorte d’immobilité dans la mobilité. Toutefois, pendant l’attente, les projets migratoires continuent à évoluer grâce à plusieurs facteurs qui permettent aux migrants d’entretenir leur projet de passer un jour en Europe ou aux États-Unis
Messika, Martin. "Politiques de l'accueil : états et associations face à la migration des juifs d' Afrique du Nord en France et au Canada des années 1950 à la fin des années 1970." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010674.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes the public and private policies carried out in France and in Canada, specially in the province of Quebec, to host Jews from three North African countries – Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, between the 1950s and the end of the 1970s. Facing the arrival of migrants where French nationals, but also Tunisian and Moroccan (citizens) , Jewish organizations had to rethink their relationship with the state and reasses their migratory and social policies. Thus, this dissertation considers the nature of the assistance provided by a minority group’s associations towards a population of migrants. The relationship between French and Canadian private networks and the state differed, but in both cases, the associations found space to implement social policies directed towards migrants, identified as co-ethics. The redefinition of the roles played by civil society organizations and the states has directed consequences on social intervention practices. This dissertation examines the discrepancies between policies and practices, as well as the process by which professional knowledge is adapted to the two national contexts. To that end, two social services will be studied comparatively : the Comité d’Action Sociale Israélite de Paris and Jewish Immigrant Aid Services in Montreal. Divergeant social work practices attest to the way in which professional knowledge, namely casework, is interpreted and shaped by social workers
Rajaoson, Julien. "La présence économique chinoise et le processus de démocratisation en Afrique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH015.
Full textThe "Chinese presence" in Africa has become an inescapable demographic reality, it has grown in recent years the Chinese Diaspora on the African territory is not less than one million people, against less than 100 000 in 2001. To understand our research object, and capture the economic mechanisms intrinsic to African societies, we adopt an approach "bottom" because the local level seems more appropriate to understand the springs of economic growth
Hersant, Jeanne. "Mobilisations politiques, co-gouvernementalité et construction ethnique : sociologie du nationalisme turc à travers le cas des Turcs de Thrace occidentale (Grèce, Allemagne, Turquie)." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0057.
Full textThis work deals with the turkish identity mobilisation within the muslim minority in western thrace, refering to modern turkey, and its manifestations in migration. Emigration was this work's starting point and also a door on the region, through which gradually appeared some political processes that are relevant in order to understand the group's social organisation. Then standing out issues reach beyond the "identity problems" of a minority and match up with conventional questions in political science and sociology. The first analysis level focuses on the state and its interactions with a social group, from the viewpoint of a sociology of nationalism. The second level deals with gouvernementalite such as defined by Michel Foucault and applied to the scope of inter-state relations. As for the third level, it shows the shifting of an inter-state gap at a supranational level, thanks to the political use of international norms as symbolic resources of legitimization
Ladhari, Mohamed-Ali. "Grecs et Orientaux en Afrique romaine au Haut-Empire : étude démographique et sociale." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040253.
Full textThe aim of the present work is to study a component of the Roman African society: the one constituted by the aliens originating from the Eastern part of the Roman Empire. The study is framed within the Early Roman Empire, as most of the documentation available dates back to that period. Epigraphy is the primary documentation for this work. Before turning to the study of this subject, it was essential to identify selection keys that helped fix the origin of these non-natives and come up with the body of 260 epigraphic records that constitute the corpus of this work. The main tool taken into consideration is onomastic, notwithstanding the vagueness sometimes inherent in this index. Thereafter, light was shed on the many aspects of the presence of these Orientals. First, the demographic layer: figuring, motives, conditions and structures of departure and the distribution on the African soil. The second layer concerns the social aspect. It aims to explore the various features of the presence of the Oriental community in Roman Africa. First, the nature of the activities they exercised. If the job of arms was their main vocation, they still exercised several other activities. The study of their religious life showed that they remained largely faithful to the worship practices of their home countries. Onomastic and also marriage practices were clues that were used to study the nature of the contacts they had with Africans and evaluate their integration within the host society. The last part of the work was devoted to the study of the cultural phenomenon of Hellenism and the role that these Orientals played in promoting this kind of culture in a predominantly Latin province
Sene, Rosalie Demosse. "Expériences pré-migratoires et projets de vie socioprofessionnelle des femmes immigrantes ouest-africaines à Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29932/29932.pdf.
Full textThis research addresses the question of socio-professional insertion of immigrant women coming from the French-speaking West Africa, considered through their pre-migration experiences. This study describes precisely the reality of skilled (or qualified) immigrant women before, during and after the process of immigration and their socio-professional integration in Quebec City. Socio-demographic characteristics were used to collect information on participants and complete the portrait of their reality. This study is meant to be descriptive and qualitative. The topic of this research was selected for study in view of completing a lack of work on visible minority, particularly immigrant women from the French-speaking West Africa. Above all, it was an opportunity to explore the complexity of their socio-professional integration. This qualitative descriptive study using a symbolic interactionism perspective was employed in order to analyse the social phenomena of the immigrant women’s socio-professional integration. Moreover, this view allows to underline the interaction of the women with the host society. The human capital theory is added to give an overview about their abilities and skills. After ten semi-structured interviews, the results of this research conclude and highlight the socio-professional capital of women coming from the French-speaking West-Africa before landing to Canada, their post-migration experience and finally the impact of it as a factor on their future projects and socio-professional integration. Nonetheless, the pre-migration experience does not appear as having an influence on their social integration but could be useful in the case of resumption of academic studies.
Ulloa, Marie-Pierre. "Du Maghreb à la Californie : trajectoires migratoires, récits d'intégration." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0015.
Full textThis research focuses upon the history of Maghrebi immigration to California. It takes the form of a sociocultural monograph drawing from the narratives of Maghrebi migrants living in the San Francisco Bay Area and Silicon Valley, where migrants navigate between three cultures (Maghrebi, French and Californian) and span three generations (Baby-boomers, Generation X and Millennials). For these expatriates, the conditions under which they left North Africa have profoundly shaped their ability to adapt to life outside of North Africa. Furthermore, integration into Californian culture looks dramatically different depending on the milieu into which the expatriate seeks to integrate (e. G. , public service or the domestic sphere) and the one's mode of entry (via professional networks or volunteer work). Ultimately, this replication and re-invention of identity allows for a decryption of the Maghrebi community-building process, both at home and abroad. Regarding the question of intergenerational transmission, cultural repositioning recalls first and foremost the "bricolage" of one's plural identity. In addition, it invites an invention of new modes of interaction with one's homeland, and with one's religious affiliations, whether it is the case of Muslim emigration or the Sephardic minority relocating into a local Jewish population. Whether Maghrebi immigrants devote themselves to integrating into American culture or select to explore the diasporic dimension of their journey, a desire to maintain Maghrebi heritage, and to transmit it from Maghrebinity, is at work here. It is also important to consider that some North Africans claim the right to not-belong, and the emigrant's right to re-invention—yet another notable and multivalent iteration of the Californian dream
Profizi, Vanina. "De l'île à l'Empire : colonisation et construction de l'identité nationale : les Corses, la nation et l'empire colonial français XIXe-XXe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0031.
Full textCorsica is by a high level of emigration throughout its history. Numerous agents and officials of French colonisation originate from the island. This contributed to get the Corsican involved into French identity, despite their late, brutal and incomplete integration to the metropolis. Decolonization induced major economic, political and social changes, and contributed to a reappraisal of Corsica's belonging to France since the 1960ies. After being enthusiastic supporters of the French colonial project, Corsicans are presented as being put under a political, economic and cultural tutelage similar to the colonial process. The colonial nature of Corsica's relationship with France is thus to be questioned. This work describes colonial migration: its organisation, its apprehension and its social consequences in Corsica as well as in the Empire: It also evaluates the impact of decolonization on this system by studying the remaining presence of Corsicans in former French colonies, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, and by considering the responsibility of imperial dismantlement in the phenomenon of political and social instability characterising Corsica since the 1960's
Kante, Seydou. "La géodynamique de l’émigration sénégalaise : analyse comparative de deux pays de destination, la France et les États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040282.
Full textNearly three million Senegalese population out of twelve million just over, live abroad. Before directed to the former French colonies in Africa and France, for geographical historical and linguistic reasons, Senegalese migration field has become multipolar by the new opportunities offered by the others countries. The Senegalese emigration’s movement has been widened to Arabia and eastern Europe. But the trends show a growing portion of new candidates choose Southern Europe and North America. The profile of Senegalese emigrant to the U.S. is very different at many ways that the migration category in France. Starting in the early 1980s, the emigration of Senegalese in the United States outnumbers that one in France due to the economic and organizational dynamism and better incentive structure. The United States offers more opportunities and fewer constraints for the cultural and economic development to migrants. Women occupy a substantial place in this migration, they are younger and often single at the time of their arrival on American territory. In France, the Senegalese emigration is older but is facing more constraints on the economic, administrative and cultural aspects. Over 70% of the Senegalese France engaged in low skilled, paid jobs and save less than their counterparts located in the United States. Thus, for better success and more coming to their families support in Senegal, many Senegalese, rather that France, choose the United States where they mostly work in commercial activities. The family and economic reasons do not only explain, the emigration of Senegalese because they are not the sole poorest who leave. For these reasons there is "new logic", migration-related globalization. These departures have consequences on Regions starting with the most visible are the remittances from migrants and investment, more or less supervised by state or private structures working with inclusive approach
Nana, Ketcha Alain. "Médias et identités : réception et construction identitaire chez des immigrés d'Afrique subsaharienne et leurs descendants en France (Région parisienne, 2012-2016)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5900.
Full textThis thesis deals with the topic of reception studies on the one hand and works on the role of the media in the emancipation of minorities on the other hand. Cultural studies which conceive the uses of the media as spaces From a theoretical point of view, I have made a review of the main works on reception, with particular attention given to the notion of decoding and the construction of identity. The empirical approach led me to treat sub Saharan immigrants and their descendants in the Parisian suburbs involved in a transcultural process of self-construction. I notably relied on their life stories to observe their complex relationship with the mass media. In general, the image of the immigrants and their descendants reflected in the media includes a strong negative connotation which is, consequently, harmful to their expression as citizens. Expectations of a better ethnic representativeness are strong, and, lacking an alliance with the media in these expectations, the Internet and the social media seem to constitute today a relevant alternative. The Internet is a more useful tool for them in terms of information, solutions of visibility and is especially an interactivity which makes them active receptors.The story of these existential trajectories calls out to society in general and the media in particular on the necessity of accompanying the construction of identities in an ever-changing world
Minvielle, Régis. "Parcours africains en Amérique Latine ou comment s'ébauche un dispositif migratoire transatlantique sud-sud." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3022.
Full textAfrican migration in Latin America is part of a process of reconfiguration of global migration. Paths unfold and recompose by the way of not only the history of migration policies, crises and economic opportunities but also by the groups and individuals stories. The rising complexity of the control procedures in the North, joint to the South globalization, results in bursting of destinations. By the 1990s, but especially since the 2000s, especially migrants from West Africa, weave the contours of a transatlantic migration South-South device. In Buenos Aires, the Africans try to be part of the territory in different ways. While the vast majority develops a street trading activity, driven mainly by the Murid Senegalese Community, others try to exploit a desire of Africanness, or maybe to find their way in football and in business. From these multiple origins, cosmopolitan links with the various segments of the host society population are born. These interactions, which can lead to negotiation processes, produce social and identity changes in ethnic, religious or gender dimensions
Las migraciones africanas en América Latina hacen parte de un processo de reconfiguración global del fenómeno migratorio. Los recorridos se despliegan y se recomponenal ritmo, no solo de la historia de las politicas migratorias, las crisis y las oportunidades ecónomicas, sino también en función de las historias de grupos e individuos. Los procedimientos de control cada vez más complejos en los países del Norte y la globalización de los países del Sur generan cierta diversificación en los destinos. Desde la década de los 90, pero especialmente desde al año 2000, los immigrantes procedentes principalmente de Africa occidental,han tejido los contornos de un dispositivo transatlántico de migración Sur-Sur. En Buenos Aires, los Africanos se inscriben sobreel territorio según diversas modalidades. Si bien la gran mayoría desarrolla una actividad de comercia callejero, iniciada principalmentepor la comunidad mora senegalesa, otros tratan de explotar un deseo de africanidad, o aún, forjarse un camino en el fútbol y en los negocios. De estas inscripciones múltiples,nacen vinculos cosmopolitas con diversos segmentos de población de la sociedad de acogidad. Esta interraciones, que pueden dar lugar a procesos de negociación, producen recomposiciones sociales e identitarias de carácter étnico, religioso y hasta de género religioso
El, Arabi Sofia. "Géographie de la dispersion des migrations subsahariennes au Maroc : le cas de deux villes-refuge, Tiznit et Taza." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL082.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with the repercussions of the policy of externalization of the European Union's border security measures in Morocco in the post-migration crisis context of 2015. We analyze the Moroccan strategy of forced displacement of sub-Saharan migrants wishing to reach Europe from the north of the country to medium-sized cities located further south. By introducing the concept of "dispersal", this research aims to understand the process of "bordering" through the forced relocation of sub-Saharan migrants in Morocco. Based on an empirical study within the framework of action research and a participatory method, this research was conducted comparatively in the medium-sized cities of Tiznit and Taza. Our thesis questions and analyzes the logics of dispersal, the nature of the relationships established between migrants and locals, but also the effects of this new modality of "bordering" on individuals and places. Thus, our thesis documents the effects of dispersal as a policy of plural "vulnerability" that is cushioned by "refuge-cities" under the seal of hospitality ethics. Thus, the stakes of overcoming security in favor of a "civility of transit" that is woven between natives and dispersed migrants, in the absence of state reception policies, are at stake. Dispersal brings to light unexpected reactions from civil societies that feed the reconfiguration of the reception mission in these refuge-cities. However, these palliative actions remain particularly fragile due to the absence of real concerted public policies
Alioua, Mehdi. "L'étape marocaine des transmigrants subsahariens en route vers l'Europe : l'épreuve de la construction des réseaux et de leurs territoires." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639285.
Full textVelandia, Torres Carlos Roberto. "Les relations intergroupes entre les Français et les ressortissants d'Afrique subsaharienne francophone." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL016/document.
Full textThe aim of this research is to update the identity changes and inter-categorical relational processes between Blacks and Whites, between Africans and Europeans on African migrants in Burgundy. We propose to understand migration as a process considering two elements: a) the temporality of the process and b) the space in which the various stages of migration take place. Our theoretical background is based on two major currents. The first one is the meta-theory of social identity, completed by the model of social partitions. The second one concerns some achievements of acculturation studies. A twofold methodology was used: firstly, the use of quantitative questionnaires, including the RepMut tool (diagnostic tool of inter-categorical relations) allowed us to highlight the underlying relations of psychological functioning mechanisms between Whites and Blacks, Natives and Migrants in our sample. Also, Interviews were carried out in order to complement and particularize the identified process with qualitative data and examples. The results allow us to consider the migration process as a multiple, variable and multidirectional phenomenon, on two axes: the geographic axis (return to the home country; migrate to a third country, or remain in the host country) and the time axis (now, in x time, after, one day, never). In the discussion a) The notions of family and African solidarity are further developed, b) the difference between the real and ideal plan are questioned in order to qualify the border between these two plans and c) the weight of multiple affiliations associated with multiple categorizations which can create an effect of "double jeopardy" are examined
Esta investigación busca actualizar los cambios de identidad y los procesos de relación intergrupales entre Negros y Blancos, entre Africanos y Europeos acerca de los Migrantes de Africa sub-sahariana en Borgoña. Proponemos entender la migración como un proceso, a partir de la consideración de dos elementos: a) la temporalidad del proceso, y b) el espacio en el que las diversas etapas de la migración se llevan a cabo. Teóricamente, nuestra reflexión se basa en dos corrientes principales. La primera es la meta-teoría de la identidad social, modelo enriquecido de la teoría de particiones sociales. La segunda se refiere a los avances de la aculturación. Metodológicamente, hemos establecido un programa mixto: en primer lugar, el uso de cuestionarios cuantitativos, incluyendo el instrumento RepMut (herramienta de diagnóstico de las relaciones entre categorías) el cual nos ha permitido resaltar los mecanismos de funcionamiento psicológico subyacente a las relaciones entre Blancos y Negros, entre Autóctonos y Migrantes en nuestra muestra. Igualmente, se utilizaron una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas que, gracias a su contenido y ejemplos, nos han permitido enriquecer y particularizar el proceso identificado. Los resultados permiten considerar el proceso de migración como un fenómeno múltiple, variable y multidireccional, en dos ejes: el primero geográfico (regresar al país de origen, migrar a un tercer país, permanecer en el país de acogida actual) el segundo temporal (ahora, en x tiempo, después de…, un día, nunca). En la discusión a) profundizamos los conceptos de familia y la solidaridad africana, b) interrogamos la diferencia entre el plano real y el plano ideal, matizando la frontera entre estos dos planos y c) cuestionamos el peso de múltiples afiliaciones asociadas con múltiples categorizaciones que puede crear un efecto de "doble pena"
Akilha, Ateib Mohamed Ali. "La Libye au carrefour de l'Afrique et de l'Europe : étude sur les migrations clandestines de la Libye vers l'Europe : analyses, enjeux et perspectives." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOD006.
Full textLibya is a key area of migration between Africa and Europe. If the Libyans are not considered as migrant population, their territory, it is a fundamental transit point particularly for illegal migrants. The Africans from all origins take this way to Europe because of the enforced control of the Strait of Gibraltar. This thesis examines the phenomenon of illegal migration in this region. It reviews this phenomenon in relation to the international situation of Libya and it’s evolution over the pre-embargo, the embargo and post-embargo period. Illegal immigration is a very complex process that has numerous and various causes. It has many consequences on the migrants, both in countries of origin, transit and destination. This situation raises an important question. Thus is Libya, a transit country in the area, taking into consideration all diplomatic issues that rise from the passing of African migrants on its territory? The political positions of Libya on the international scene have a mutual strategic influence since the creation of the Libyan Jamahiriya. At the crossroads of Euro-Mediterranean point, Libya takes advantage of its position as a buffer; especially in its relations with Italy, which itself is the bridge between the European Union and Libya. This is how Libya negotiates its involvement in international treats such as the Union for the Mediterranean. But the political decisions of Libya depend also on European migration policies, particularly the process of outsourcing of migration issue. Because of its specific location, this country bordered by the Mediterranean must have a direct impact on the policies that go beyond this security aspect. These policies must allow all actors of these vast movements to overcome these fluctuations that are now inevitable
Apap, Anabel. "La migration et le déplacement comme manifestations de la violence dans la littérature et le cinéma méditerranéens et sub-sahariens francophones (1990-2010)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL045.
Full textMigration is one of the most disturbing and soul-searching issues in the contemporary world. It exposes the fragility of the human being who finds himself in a situation of radical change and turbulent transition. Owing to the violence involved in the process, the subject is plunged in a position of acute vulnerability and the representation of this aspect in francophone literature and cinema is striking and powerful. This work examines the difficult life of the migrant and the violence that is exerted on the latter from three main axes; the starting point or the point of departure, the voyage and the point of arrival. The authors and filmmakers who, in their works, deal with the figure of the migrant or include it, reveal the complex reality of the experience of migration which, in Western collective consciousness, is usually truncated, simplified and/or dismissed completely. The study of the literary and cinematic representation allows for the exploration of the artistic strategies employed to transmit the experience to the reader/spectator and for the establishment of a network of connections which concretises the suffering and the torment that the Other, caught in the snare of migration, endures
Gabrielli, Lorenzo. "La construction de la politique d’immigration espagnole : ambiguïtés et ambivalences à travers le cas des migrations ouest-africaines." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40014/document.
Full textThis project aims to analyse the development of Spanish immigration policy through the caseof West African migrations which significantly reveals the ambiguous and ambivalent nature ofthe policy. In the context of migratory flows reversal, Spain has become an increasingly importantdestination for immigrants, so I wish to address the complicated implementation of a nationalpolicy which, from its birth in 1985, has had to reconcile EU obligations with internal interests. Ishall look at how the virulent politicisation of immigration issues in 2000 not only represents akey moment in the development of Spanish policy, but Europeanization process as well. Thesignificance of this is that Spain, a country which was at first a passive recipient of Europeannorms and practices, steadily became a central actor in the key debates and issues surroundingimmigration in the EU. These include the Spanish alignment to the securitisation process ofimmigration as well as becoming a model in the internationalisation of immigration policythrough its action towards the African continent. I will also analyse the development of theexternal dimension of Spanish policy, which through an exacerbated focus on sub-Saharanimmigration leads to a widespread effect of the migratory issues in its dealings with Africa. Thereassessment and consequent improvement of Spanish relations with Morocco was a crucialmoment due to the country’s strategic importance as a “transit zone” to Europe. This trendcontinued with the consequent re-engagement in West Africa following the Africa Plan which Ibelieve reflects the role of the African continent as a privileged field of expression towards theexternalisation of migratory flows control. The deciphering of this emerging Euro-Africanframework of migration governance and its negotiation help us to fully comprehend theconsequences and collateral effects of this policy
Le, Guen Mireille. "Genre, conditions de vie et conjugalité autour de deux ruptures biographiques : migration et diagnostic d’infection au VIH chez les immigré·e·s d’Afrique subsaharienne vivant en Île-de-France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS491/document.
Full textInternational migration and HIV diagnosis are two biographical turning points that can affect the conjugal trajectory of individuals. By adopting a materialist approach and by conceptualizing conjugal life as "economical and sexual exchanges", we propose to study the effect of living conditions on conjugal changes around these two events. This research is based on data from the ANRS-Parcours biographical survey conducted in 2012-2013 among sub-Saharan immigrants aged 18 to 59 living in the Paris area. Our results show that conjugal trajectories were more affected by migration than by HIV diagnosis. In addition, the conjugal changes following these two events are impacted differently according to the individuals’ living conditions. While men with stable administrative, occupational and residential situations are likely to get a partner, women who have acquired a resident card or French nationality are in a better position to delay entering a relationship after HIV diagnosis. While migration seems to increase women’s need to be in a relationship in order to share a partner’s material stability, they are less likely to be in a relationship after HIV diagnosis, most probably because the stigma associated with HIV infection impacts them more than men
Hammamoun, Saïd. "La conditionnalité politique dans les accords d'association entre l'UE et les pays du Maghreb : contribution à l'étude d'une politique juridique de projection." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0728.
Full textThe object of this study aims to analyze the political conditionality as a legal policy of projection applied within the framework of the association agreements between the EU and the Maghreb countries (Barcelona process). It was focused on precise issue that related to ambiguities of the normative logic which underlies the European step in this area. Its analysis reveals, however, that the effectiveness of such a policy depends on the existence of a credible prospect able to give it signification, or else its implementation appears inconsistency and prolongs the debate on its legal validity (human rights clauses)This situation imposes from now on a redefinition of the partnership approach so that the Mediterranean identity of the EU's foreign relations is developed as a prospect different from accession but distinct from a simple externalisation of the EU's internal policies (cooperation in the fields of Justice and Home affairs). A clarification of the normativeness of such a policy seems an essential requirement. It goes from there the visibility of the EU's external relations at the time when it seems to be defined in normative power logic within the framework of its current borders (European neighbourhood policy)
Kuhn-Le, Braz Mélanie. "Déterminants et usages des transferts de fonds des migrants : le cas des migrations Sud-Sud." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090060.
Full textThe objective of this research is to analyze South-South remittances, i.e. remittances made between developing countries. With recent and original survey data on African countries, its purpose is to i) establish an overview of African migration and remittances, ii) analyze the impact of departure conditions on the migrants’ remittance behavior, iii) study remittance used in the case of forced migration, and more generally in the case of South-South migration and iv) analyze if remittance behavior of South-South migrants differs from those of South-North migrants. Results show that departure conditions play an important role in the migrant’s decision to remit. They also highlight that South-South remittances are largely used to finance consumption expenditures. Finally, results reveal that South-South and South-North migrants behave slightly differently in terms of remittances
Vigneri, Francesco. "Flussi migratori e processi interculturali nelle zone di confine : dinamiche comunicative e prassi di riconoscimento a Lampedusa e in Sicilia (2011-2014)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG002.
Full textThe research aims at observing and analysing both the explicit and the implicit dynamics that characterise the communicative interactions between migrants who reach Europe through the central Mediterranean route and the security and humanitarian players working at its maritime borders. The study focuses on the island of Lampedusa and Sicily where much of the fieldwork has been carried out over three significant periods of Europe’s recent migration history: in 2011, in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, in 2013, at the time of the 3 October migrant shipwreck, in 2014, during the search and rescue operation Mare Nostrum. The purpose is to capture and take into account the specific characteristics of each context as well as their closely intertwined combination with wider factors – immigration policies, the role of the media, the general perception of migration, etc. – which influence the communicative behaviours of the subjects observed and the ways they interact with each other
Il presente lavoro si pone l’obiettivo di osservare le interazioni tra i migranti da un lato, e gli operatori dell’accoglienza e della sicurezza dall’altro, nelle zonedi confine esposte ai flussi migratori, e nello specifico l’isola di Lampedusa e la Sicilia tra il 2011 e il 2014; di analizzarne le dinamiche comunicative col supporto di riferimenti teorico-letterari e di rilevazioni precedentemente prodotte in analoghi contesti di studio; di proporre, infine, delle riflessioni sui principali elementi individuatinell’osservazione del fenomeno, cercando di contribuire allo sviluppo di un percorso d’indagine che l’attuale declinarsi del fenomeno migratorio ha imposto al dibattito sociologico, e soprattutto di proporre spunti di riflessione e approfondimento rispetto a una narrazione che, nonostante la complessità del tema, risulta spesso troppo semplicistica osensazionalistica, e funzionale al tornaconto mediatico e politico