Relevant bibliographies by topics / Emission productivity

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Emission productivity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 May 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Wang, Zhaoqiu, Yong Zhang, and Bo Wu. "Exploring Industrial Restructuring Pathways Based on Regional Carbon Productivity Variations: A Case Study of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Regions in China." E3S Web of Conferences 406 (2023): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340604018.

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The reduction of carbon emissions has emerged as a critical issue that requires urgent attention in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions as environmental concerns continue to grow. This paper examined how to achieve carbon emission reduction through industrial restructuring. The influence rela-tionship between industrial restructuring and carbon emissions was investigated using the Kaya constant equation LMDI decomposition method, while the coefficient of variation (CV) method was utilized to explore practical ways of promoting carbon emission reduction through industrial re-structuring. Data on carbon emissions and the economy from 12 core cities and 24 industries in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed. The key findings of this study in-dicate that economic growth remains the primary driver of local carbon emission growth, while industrial restructuring and carbon emission intensity changes exhibit both positive and negative effects on carbon emission growth. The inhibitory effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emission growth can be weakened by regional industrial isomorphism. Furthermore, regional dis-parities in carbon emission intensity exist among some industries in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, and industrial restructuring based on carbon productivity variations has greater potential for emission reduction. The cities in these regions can encourage the development of industries with superior carbon productivity while regulating the growth of industries with inferior carbon productivity, allowing the optimal allocation of carbon emission credits from industries with lower productivity to those with higher efficiency, resulting in carbon emission reduction.
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Liu, Chenyang. "The Role of Industrial Structure in the Impact of Environmental Regulation on Carbon Productivity." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/x3qvk888.

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In the context of global climate change, China has proposed the "Carbon peaking and Carbon neutrality goals" goal of carbon emissions will reach carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060. As a market-based environmental regulation policy to promote greenhouse gas emission reduction, carbon emission trading policy is expected to reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon productivity, among which industrial structure plays a regulatory role in the impact of carbon emission trading policy on carbon productivity. Using the provincial data of China from 2006 to 2019, this paper evaluated the influence of carbon emission trading policy on carbon emission, taking the industrial structure as the regulating variable, studied the industrial structure in the influence of environmental regulation on carbon emission, and tested the regression results of DID model through parallel trend test, placebo test and PSM-DID model regression. After the above research process, the following conclusions are drawn: the carbon emission trading policy has a significant positive promotion effect on carbon emission reduction, and it is further concluded that the industrial structure has a significant negative regulatory effect on carbon productivity under the carbon emission trading policy.
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Chen, Xueli, Wanshu Ma, and Vivian Valdmanis. "Can labor productivity growth reduce carbon emission? Evidence from OECD countries and China." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 33, no. 3 (December 24, 2021): 644–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-10-2021-0240.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the challenges involved in the trade-offs of labor productivity and per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) emission.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, we used a balanced dataset of 36 OECD countries and China between 1990 and 2018. We examined the relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission for OECD countries and China based on an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Further, the fixed effects model of estimation was employed to examine the impact of variables during the sample period and explore the relationship between predictor and outcome variables within an entity while controlling for all time-invariant differences.FindingsThis study confirmed the existence of the N-shape EKC hypothesis in 36 OECD countries and China. This implies that at the initial development stage, per capita CO2 emission increased with labor productivity; however, after reaching certain threshold, per capita CO2 emission began to fall with rising labor productivity. Then the per capita CO2 emission rises again when labor productivity continually increases.Originality/valueIn this study, we explored the dynamic association between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China under the EKC framework from 1990 to 2018 by using the labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission as economic and environmental indicators of one country respectively. This study’s contribution showed the following: first, the empirical findings confirmed the N-shape relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China; second, the findings demonstrated that the association among the underlying variables by testing through the fixed effect model.
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Ruan, Hongyang. "The Impact of Firm Productivity on Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Listed Companies in China." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 179, no. 1 (May 6, 2025): 7–13. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.22495.

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As climate change accelerates, carbon reduction is a global priority. China, as the largest emitter, faces the challenge of balancing growth and sustainability. The influence of productivity improvements on emission reduction remains a key question. This study aims to explore the impact of firm productivity on carbon emissions. By panel data regression method, the paper uses data from Chinas Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2022 to examine the relationship between enterprise productivity and carbon emission. The results show that increased productivity has significantly reduced the amount of carbon emitted per unit of output. In addition, heterogeneity analysis shows that regional characteristics play an important role on the relationship between productivity and carbon emissions, the impact in the eastern region is significantly stronger than in the central and western regions. Thus, enterprises should boost productivity through green innovation and energy optimization to reduce emissions and support sustainable development.
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Fuglie, Keith O., Thomas W. Hertel, David B. Lobell, and Nelson B. Villoria. "Agricultural Productivity and Climate Mitigation." Annual Review of Resource Economics 16, no. 1 (October 7, 2024): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-101323-094349.

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Agriculture will play a central role in meeting greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets, as the sector currently contributes ∼22% of global emissions. Because emissions are directly tied to resources employed in farm production, such as land, fertilizer, and ruminant animals, the productivity of input use tends to be inversely related to emissions intensity. We review evidence on how productivity gains in agriculture have contributed to historical changes in emissions, how they affect land use emissions both locally and globally, and how investments in research and development (R&D) affect productivity and therefore emissions. The world average agricultural emissions intensity fell by more than half since 1990, with a strong correlation between a region's agricultural productivity growth and reduction in emissions intensity. Additional investment in agricultural R&D offers an opportunity for cost-effective (<US$30 per ton carbon dioxide) and large-scale emissions reductions. Innovations that target specific commodities or inputs could even further reduce the cost of climate mitigation in agriculture.
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Dominiak, Adam, and Artur Rusowicz. "Change of Fossil-Fuel-Related Carbon Productivity Index of the Main Manufacturing Sectors in Poland." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 6906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196906.

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The article presents the global characteristics of the Polish manufacturing industry and the structure of its energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions related to direct emission as a result of fuel combustion and indirect emission as a result of electricity consumption. The share of individual sectors in energy consumption and emission levels was determined, and the changes in this share over the last 20 years were determined. A method for determining the carbon productivity index for the emissions of individual industries with the use of global macroeconomic indicators was proposed. The index allows for the comparison of the productivity of individual industries, regardless of the nature of production. The change in carbon productivity in Polish industry over time was presented. On this basis, it was assessed which industries are particularly promising in terms of decarbonising the Polish industry.
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Zhang, Jing, and Jian Feng Cai. "Research on Regional Differences of Carbon Productivity in China." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 1866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1866.

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This paper calculates the total carbon emissions on the basis of energy consumption data of 29 provinces by using IPCC reference approach and analysis the emission structure of carbon dioxide. Carbon productivity is calculated and the interprovincial and regional differences are studied. The results show that the main source of emission structure of carbon dioxide is coal. Significant differences on carbon productivity exist in inter-provincial as well as the three regions, carbon productivity in the eastern region is the highest, followed by the middle, the west is the lowest. According to the result, relative policy suggestions are put forward in the last.
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Yang, Yize, Xiujian Wei, Jie Wei, and Xiang Gao. "Industrial Structure Upgrading, Green Total Factor Productivity and Carbon Emissions." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14021009.

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Carbon emission reduction is becoming a global issue. Methods of reducing carbon emissions in developing countries have become a hot topic of discussion. Based on the obvious structural transformation in developing countries, this paper discusses the logical mechanisms among industrial structure upgrading, green total factor productivity improvements, and carbon emission reduction. In addition, this paper empirically tests these relationships with provincial data from 2000 to 2017 in China. The conclusions are as follows: (1) industrial structure upgrades have a significant impact on carbon emissions. The industrial structure rationalization remains a noteworthy inhibition on carbon emissions. The industrial structure’s advancement has obvious features of development at the current stage, and its effect on carbon emissions shows an inverted “V” trend, which is initially accelerating but then restraining. (2) Upgrades to industrial structures will decrease carbon emissions by raising green total factor productivity. (3) The rise of green total factor productivity in a certain region will have a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on carbon emissions, but it will exhibit a negative spatial spillover effect on the adjacent areas.
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Pramono, A., T. A. Adriany, H. L. Susilawati, Jumari, and I. F. Yunianti. "Alternate wetting and drying combined farmyard manure for reducing greenhouse gas while improving rice yield." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 950, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/950/1/012012.

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Abstract Water and organic amendments are the most important factors controlling methane (CH ) emissions from paddy fields. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) in rice cultivation improve water productivity (WP), minimize methane emission, but might increase nitrous oxide emissions (N O). The effects of combined water management and organic manure application on methane and nitrous oxide emission, rice yield are not well documented. The objective of this experiment was to determine rice cultivation technology that can improve productivity and reduce GHG emissions on rice field. The Inpari 32 rice cultivar was used in this study. Closed chamber methods were used for measuring emissions of greenhouse gases. Our results showed that, in comparison with continuous flooding, the AWD significantly reduced total global warming potential (GWP) by 13–17%. The AWD technique increased grain yields by 6-7% compared with those of CF. The AWD technique reduced CH (14–18%) and increased water productivity by 7–12% compared to CF system, along an 18–23% reduction in GHG intensity (GHGI). In conclusion, AWD technique and soil amendment with farmyard manure could be effectively used in greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for reducing GHG emission, GWP, and GHGI without sacrificing rice yield.
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Jang, Won Suk, Joon Soo Kim, Byung Seung Kong, Duck Chan Lee, and Byung Soo Kim. "Experimental Analysis to Characterizing CO2 Emission of Roller." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.452.

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CO2 emission from construction equipment directly affects the global warming by increasing greenhouse gas. While there are many indirect sources in construction processes that affect the global warming, such as construction materials, CO2 emission is considered as one of controllable and measurable sources of greenhouse gas if construction engineers make a careful plan of equipment schedule according to CO2 emissions and equipment productivity. This paper introduced a CO2 measurement method in a real-time during construction phase and analyzed the relationship among gas velocity, rpm and CO2 emission. While engine rotation and CO2 emission are closed related to each other, their relationship is not perfectly coincident because of the coupling effect between rpm and CO2 emission. In addition, complicated mechanism behind the CO2 emission exists even during the equipment operation because of the various conditions of equipment, rolling resistance, working type, and field environment. The findings from this research will help an environment-friendly planning of activity scheduling by considering CO2 emission together with the equipment productivity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Sangameswaran, Sivaramakrishnan. "Evaluation of Productivity, Consumption, and Uncontrolled Total Particulate Matter Emission Factors of Recyclable Abrasives." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/390.

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Dry abrasive blasting is a commonly used surface preparation operation by many process industries to clean up metallic surfaces and achieve surface finishes suitable for future adhesion. Abrasives used in this process can be recyclable or expendable. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of three recyclable abrasives: garnet, barshot and steel grit/shot in terms of productivity (area cleaned per unit time), consumption (amount of abrasive used per unit area cleaned) and uncontrolled total particulate matter (TPM) emission factors (in terms of mass of pollutant emitted per unit area cleaned and mass of pollutant emitted per unit mass of abrasive consumed). Though there have been various attempts in the past to evaluate the performance of these abrasives, there has not been a streamlined approach to evaluate these parameters in the commonly used range of process conditions, or to identify and model the influences of key process variables on these performance parameters. The first step in this study was to evaluate the performance of these three abrasives in blasting painted steel panels under enclosed blasting conditions and using USEPA recommended protocols. The second step was to model the influences of blast pressure and abrasive feed rate, two most critical parameters on productivity, consumption and emission factors. Two and three dimensional models were obtained using multiple linear regression techniques to express productivity, consumption and TPM emission factors in terms of blast pressure and abrasive feed rate. Barshot was found to have high productivities over all and steel grit/shot demonstrated the least emission potential at almost all of the tested pressure and feed rate conditions. The data will help fill the gaps in literature currently available for dry abrasive blasting performance. The models obtained will help industries, the research community and the regulatory agencies to make accurate estimates of the performance parameters. Estimating productivity and consumption will help industries identify best management practices by optimizing the process conditions to achieve high productivity and low consumption rates. Emission factor determination will help in reducing the emissions to the atmosphere by choosing process conditions corresponding to minimum emissions. The performance parameters once optimized can result in reduction in material, labor, energy, emission and disposal costs, lower resource utilization and hence reduction in overall life cycle costs of dry abrasive process. The developed models will help industries in making environmentally preferable purchases thereby promoting source reduction options. PM emissions estimated using the models presented here will aid studies on health risk associated with inhalation of atmospheric PM.
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Kambham, Kalpalatha. "Performance and Total PM Emission Factor Evaluation of Expendable Abrasives." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/385.

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Dry abrasive blasting is one of the most widely used methods of surface preparation. Air emissions from this process include particulate matter (PM) and metals. Spent abrasive generated from this process may be hazardous in nature. With increasing concern on health effects due to silica emissions from sand, use of alternative materials is suggested by health and regulatory agencies. The objective of this research was to evaluate performance of expendable abrasives and determine PM emission factors. Dry abrasive blasting was performed in an enclosed chamber and total PM samples were collected. Three commonly used expendable abrasives, coal slag, copper slag and specialty sand, were used to evaluate cleaner alternatives. Blast pressure and abrasive feed rate, two important process conditions were varied to study their effect on performance of an abrasive. Productivity, consumption and emission factors (performance parameters) were calculated and their variation with pressure and feed rate was evaluated. Two dimensional and three dimensional predicted models were developed to estimate the performance at intermediate blast pressure and feed rate conditions. Performance of the three abrasives was compared with respect to emission potential, productivity and consumption. Emission factors developed in this research will help in accurate estimation of total PM emissions and to select cleaner abrasives and optimum process conditions that will results in minimum emissions and reduced health risk. The productivity and consumption models will help is estimating life cycle costs including material cost, equipment cost, energy cost, labor costs, waste disposal cost, and compliance costs. Consumption models will also help in determining the quantity of spent abrasive generated, identify abrasives with lower material consumption, and identify process conditions that generate minimum spent abrasives. In addition, these models will help industries in making environmentally preferable purchasing (EPP), which results in pollution prevention and cost reduction.
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Högvall, Filip. "The Effects of climate policy on productivity : An evaluation of emission and energy taxes on industry performance." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-174938.

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In the struggle against climate change, policymakers are faced with the difficult problem of maintaining economic growth while trying to reduce emissions. This paper studies the effect of the carbon emission tax, EU ETS and energy taxes on Swedish industry productivity between 2009-2018 with the purpose of evaluating the Porter hypothesis. A two-step approaches is used. First, Malmquist indexes are calculated using DEA and analyzed on total factor productivity, efficiency change and technical change. These performance indicators are then regressed on policy variables using OLS with a first difference estimator. Contrary to the Porter hypothesis the evidence does not suggest any effect on productivity, but can induce technical change.
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Stella, T. "MODELLING CARBON AND NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN PADDY RICE SYSTEM: IMPACTS ON CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/347256.

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The main challenge of modern agriculture lies in the need of enhancing crop productivity to guarantee food security while achieving the sustainability of cropping systems in a changing climate. In a recent speech to the 21st Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21) held in Paris, the president of the United States declared that for all the challenges we face, the growing threat of climate change could define the contours of this century more dramatically than any other. This is why He hopes that all the countries in the world, united in common effort and by a common purpose, will not condemn the next generation to a planet that’s beyond its capacity to repair. Agricultural activities deep influence the carbon, water and nutrients cycles at global level, then still play a vital role in the survival of humankind. The need to double food production by 2050 is entrusted to agriculture, which accounts for 14% of greenhouse gases emission and is considered as the economic sector most uniquely susceptible to changes in climate patterns, due to its dependence on the biophysical environment. Standing first among all food grain crops, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is in the spotlight due to the projected decrease in production in top producing countries and to the environmental sustainability of rice cropping systems, in light of the use of large amount of water for irrigation and of the contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) at the global level. The improvement of the water and nutrient management in paddy rice cropping systems is then considered as a necessary step to mitigate agriculture’s GHG emissions, as reported by the United Nations Foundation. The scaling up of mitigation strategies from farmers’ level to national policy makers needs the support of the scientific community, who is in charge to develop research to address these paramount questions. In this framework, the adoption of cropping system simulation models as a reference to assess both the productivity and the environmental impacts of cropping systems under a variety of management and climatic scenarios seems unavoidable, as they are the only available tools to reproduce the nonlinear responses of biophysical processes to boundary conditions. They also represent a viable solution to design and test alternate strategies to mitigate the emission of GHGs and to optimize the use and management of resources in agriculture. This PhD program enables the scientific community to move forward the integration of available biophysical models to dynamically simulate the different components of the rice cropping system, considering the multiple, mutual interactions among system’s domains which determine rice crop yield and environmental drawbacks. The final achievement is the delivery of a software targeting this purpose, which is documented in the last chapter; the objective of this research product is to give a modelling solution to simulate the comprehensive set of biophysical processes involved with the paddy rice cropping system, considering the crop development and growth, the soil water dynamics, the effects of fertilizers on nitrogen leaching and the emission of greenhouse gases at field scale, considering the impact of alternate farmer management strategies. During the work some deficiencies in current models were highlighted and solved, such as the unjustified complexity of widely adopted crop simulators or the lack, within them, of algorithms for the simulation of processes which significantly contribute to explain the variability of rice yield. The output of this work is made available through software components and modular modelling solutions: this choice, representing the state of the art of software engineering science, removes technological bottlenecks which usually prevent advances in agricultural system modelling and fosters international collaborations between research centers while laying the basis for further developments.
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Nitschke, Jakob. "Hétérogénéité intra-industrielle de la productivité des émissions et des portefeuilles de produits." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025COAZ0002.

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Cette thèse examine comment les portefeuilles de produits influencent la productivité des émissions dans le secteur manufacturier, en remettant en question les cadres politiques qui visent à atteindre la décarbonation principalement par des gains d'efficacité. En exploitant des données d'entreprises du secteur manufacturier portugais (2004-2021), elle analyse l'hétérogénéité des intensités d'émission au sein des industries et évalue l'impact de la composition des produits sur la productivité des émissions à l'échelle des entreprises. En combinant des données administratives sur la consommation d'énergie, des bilans comptables et des ventes de produits, l'étude quantifie la mesure dans laquelle la diversité des portefeuilles de produits contribue aux écarts d'intensité d'émission.Les résultats montrent que les entreprises d'un même secteur présentent des écarts significatifs en matière de productivité des émissions, souvent plus marqués que ceux observés entre industries. L'analyse de décomposition de la variance confirme que cette hétérogénéité est largement expliquée par des facteurs propres aux entreprises plutôt que par des tendances sectorielles générales. La classification des produits en catégories à fortes et faibles émissions suggère que les entreprises dont la production est davantage orientée vers des biens à faibles émissions affichent une productivité des émissions plus élevée. Grâce à l'analyse de décomposition des indices et aux régressions sur données de panel, la thèse explore également l'évolution des intensités d'émission à l'échelle des entreprises. Les résultats indiquent que les réductions globales des émissions sont principalement associées à des gains d'efficacité, tandis que les entreprises qui ajustent leur portefeuille vers des produits à faibles émissions enregistrent des améliorations durables en matière de productivité des émissions.Ces résultats s'inscrivent dans le débat plus large sur les stratégies de décarbonation en soulignant l'importance des portefeuilles de produits en complément des améliorations d'efficacité. Si les avancées technologiques jouent un rôle clé, cette étude souligne que les stratégies de décarbonation axées uniquement sur l'amélioration de l'efficience risquent de négliger l'impact structurel de la composition de la production. Les conclusions soulèvent également des questions sur les cadres réglementaires actuels et la manière dont ils favorisent ou limitent l'orientation vers des produits à faibles émissions. En s'appuyant sur les perspectives de l'économie écologique et de la planification démocratique, cette thèse éclaire la question de savoir si les ajustements impulsés par le marché suffisent ou si des interventions réglementaires supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour faciliter des changements structurels dans la production industrielle
This thesis examines how product portfolios shape emission productivity within the manufacturing sector, questioning policy frameworks that aim to achieve decarbonization primarily through efficiency increases. Using firm-level data from the Portuguese manufacturing sector (2004-2021), it explores heterogeneity in emission intensities within narrowly defined industries and assesses the impact of product composition on firm-level emission productivity. By integrating administrative records on energy consumption, financial data, and product-level sales, the study quantifies the extent to which variations in product portfolios contribute to differences in emission intensity.The findings reveal that firms within the same industry exhibit substantial variation in emission productivity, often exceeding inter-industry differences. Variance decomposition analysis confirms that a significant share of this heterogeneity is explained by firm-level factors rather than sector-wide characteristics. A classification of products into high- and low-emission categories indicates that firms producing a greater share of low-emission goods tend to have systematically higher emission productivity. Through index decomposition analysis and firm-level panel regressions, the study further examines whether adjustments in product portfolios influence firm-level emission intensities over time. The results suggest that aggregate emission reductions have been largely driven by efficiency gains, yet firms that transition toward lower-emission products show sustained improvements in emission productivity.These findings contribute to debates on industrial decarbonization by emphasizing the role of product portfolios alongside efficiency improvements. While technological advancements play a key role, the study highlights how decarbonization strategies that focus solely on efficiency gains may overlook the structural impact of production composition. The results also raise policy questions regarding the extent to which regulatory frameworks encourage or constrain shifts toward lower-emission products. By engaging with perspectives from ecological economics and democratic planning, this thesis offers insights into whether market-driven adjustments alone are sufficient or whether additional regulatory measures are needed to facilitate structural changes in industrial production
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Salmon, Gareth Richard. "Reducing the carbon footprint of Senegalese cattle systems through improved productivity." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29003.

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Meat and milk from sub Saharan African cattle systems tend to have high greenhouse gas emissions intensities; this is largely due to low levels of productivity. There is a need to increase production to meet an increasing demand for livestock commodities; driven by growing populations, and growing diet variation, as incomes and urbanisation increase. Without measures to reduce the emissions intensity of production, there will be significant increases in total greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, cost-effective ways of reducing emissions intensity, whilst increasing productivity should be identified. This thesis looks to support this by providing an assessment of low-input to semi-intensified cattle production systems in Senegal, West Africa; where cattle populations are growing and efforts are being made to increase domestic milk production. The emissions intensity of protein from current production systems is calculated using a version of the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM). Variation in emissions intensity is observed between current systems, which can be largely linked to feed ration quality and levels of protein productivity. Productivity improving interventions suitable for the study systems are identified, and their application to current systems modelled by altering input parameters within GLEAM. It is suggested that production systems could reduce emissions intensities by applying nutritional and health related intervention packages; through which the varying production systems could abate between 10% and 20% of their total greenhouse gas emissions whilst also making financial savings. A comparison between the current systems of production also suggests that changing the lower productivity systems to match higher producing systems would also offer substantial cost-saving emissions abatement. The thesis considers the key limitation to the use of GLEAM for modelling the application of nutritional mitigation measures, in that when nutritional improvements are made animal performance does not currently increase. Predicting how animals will respond to improved nutrition is challenging. However, a methodology is discussed, and is shown to have an important effect on the emissions abatement results. Subsequently, the thesis advocates further research to experimentally substantiate animal performance responses when nutritionally limited cattle are given improved feed regimes. Despite the study livestock keepers showing aspiration to improve the productivity of their herds, with subsequent potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the thesis recognises that the abatement potentials suggested by modelling would be restricted by the reality of production system context and constraints. Key barriers to a realisation of the productivity improvements include: a lack of financial means, limitations to resource access and affordability, and requirement for information and training concerning productivity improving options. For realisation of productivity improvements the current barriers would require further investigation, the thesis helps identify what form interventions should take.
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Heng, Yen. "Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Toxic Air Pollutants in Trucking Efficiency and Productivity." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29553.

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Air pollution is a threat to the environment and human health. Freight trucking in particular is the main source of freight transportation emissions. Heavy-duty trucks emit large amounts of toxic air pollutants that cause serious diseases and harm public health. In addition, heavy-duty trucks emit great amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG), which is the leading cause of global warming. Despite increased environmental restrictions on air pollution and rising trucking greenhouse gas emissions in the past decades, no economic study has examined the potential GHG and air pollution reductions in the trucking sector and the associated private abatement costs to the industry. This study accounts for GHG emissions and toxic air pollutants in measuring and evaluating efficiency and productivity for the trucking industry in the 48 contiguous states. Moreover, the private costs of abatement to the industry were also estimated. When only GHG was incorporated in the production model, the results showed that each state could expand desirable output and reduce GHG by an average of 11 percent per year between 2000 and 2007. The Malmquist-Luenberger productivity indexes showed that omitting or ignoring GHG in trucking service production yielded biased estimates. On the other hand, due to increased environmental regulations, most of the toxic air pollutants decreased dramatically between 2002 and 2005. The analytical results showed that inefficiency decreased during this period. The private costs of abatement averaged $73 million per state in 2005. When GHG and six toxic air pollutants were incorporated in the production model, the estimated private abatement cost was $76 million per state, which was equivalent to 0.7 percent of the industry output in 2005.
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Liyanage, Anuga. "The impact of using urban derived compost on nitrogen use efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity from tropical cropping systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/134463/2/Anuga%20Liyanage%20Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis is a multiyear study in Sri Lanka to evaluate the impact of using urban derived compost in combination with synthetic N fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions, and productivity from tropical cropping systems. The study demonstrated the high potential for N losses in low CEC tropical soils. However, the high relative cost of OA compared to synthetic N fertilisers requires substantial additional benefits above the value of the nutrients alone to make their use economical.
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Congio, Guilhermo Francklin de Souza. "Rotational stocking management on elephant grass for dairy cows: grazing strategies, animal productivity, enteric methane and nitrous oxide emissions." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-18012019-174106/.

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Pasture-based systems are important milk suppliers to dairy industry and thereby will play relevant role to support the growing demand for food. However, this additional milk supply must be obtained through higher yields resulting from intensification of existing farming systems through strategies environmentally friendly and economically profitable towards sustainable intensification. The central hypothesis of this study was that simple grazing management strategies can improve the efficiency while reduce the key environmental issues of tropical pasture-based dairy systems. Two experiments were carried out on a rainfed and non-irrigated elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. cv. Cameroon) pasture in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. The objective of the first experiment was to investigate the influence of two pre-grazing targets (95% and maximum canopy light interception during pasture regrowth; LI95% and LIMAX, respectively) on sward structure and herbage nutritive value, dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, stocking rate, enteric methane (CH4) emissions by Holstein × Jersey dairy cows, and nitrous oxide fluxes from the soil. Results indicated that pre-grazing canopy height was greater for LIMAX (≈135 cm) than LI95% (≈100 cm) and can be used as a reliable field guide for monitoring sward structure. Grazing management based on the LI95% target improved herbage nutritive value and grazing efficiency, allowing greater DMI, milk yield and stocking rate by dairy cows. Daily enteric CH4 emission was not affected; however, cows grazing elephant grass at LI95% were more efficient and emitted 21% less CH4/kg of milk yield and 18% less CH4/kg of DMI. The 51% increase in milk yield per hectare overcame the 29% increase in enteric CH4 emissions per hectare for the LI95% target. Nitrous oxide fluxes were not affected by pre-grazing targets. Overall, strategic grazing management is an environmentally friendly practice that improves the use efficiency of allocated resources through optimization of processes involving plant, ruminant and their interface, and enhances milk production efficiency of tropical pasture-based systems. Once the ideal pre-grazing target was established during he first experiment (LI95%), the second step consisted of a refinement of the first phase. The second objective was to describe and measure the influence of two timings of new paddock allocation to cows (AM and PM) on herbage chemical composition and DMI, milk yield, milk compostion, and enteric CH4 emissions of Holstein × Jersey dairy cows. Results supported the general understanding of diurnal variation in herbage chemical composition towards greater concentrations of dry matter and non-fibrous carbohydrates, and lower concentration of fiber components in the afternoon herbage. However, the higher nutritive value of the afternoon herbage did not result in increasead DMI and milk yield, or decreased intensity of CH4 emission by dairy cows. Our findings also indicate that new paddock allocation in the afternoon can be a simple and useful grazing strategy that results in greater N partitioning to protein yield, and lower excretion of urea N in milk. The association of LI95% pre-grazing target and PM allocation could bring economic, productive and environmental benefits towards sustainable intensification of tropical pasture-based systems.
Sistemas baseados no uso de pastagens são importantes fornecedores de leite para a indústria de latícinios e, dessa forma, terão papel relevante para suportar a crescente demanda por alimentos. No entanto, essa oferta adicional de leite deve ser obtida através de maiores produtividades resultantes da intensificação de sistemas de produção já existentes por meio de estratégias ambientalmente seguras e economicamente rentáveis em direção à intensificação sustentável. A hipótese central deste estudo foi que estratégias simples de manejo do pastejo podem melhorar a eficiência e, ao mesmo tempo, reduzir os principais impactos ambientais dos sistemas de produção animal em pastagens tropicais. Foram realizados dois experimentos em pastagem de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. Cv. Cameroon) não-irrigada em Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. O objetivo do primeiro experimento foi avaliar a influência de duas metas pré-pastejo (95% e máxima interceptação de luz pelo dossel durante a rebrotação; IL95% e ILMáx, respectivamente) sobre a estrutura do pasto e valor nutritivo da forragem, consumo de matéria seca (CMS), produção de leite, taxa de lotação, emissões de metano entérico (CH4) de vacas HPB × Jersey, e o fluxo de óxido nitroso dos solos. Os resultados indicaram que a altura pré-pastejo foi maior para ILMáx (≈135 cm) do que IL95% (≈100 cm) e pode ser usada como um guia de campo confiável para monitorar a estrutura do pasto. O manejo do pastejo com base nos critérios de IL95% melhorou o valor nutritivo da forragem e a eficiência de pastejo, permitindo maior CMS, produção de leite e taxa de lotação. A emissão diária de CH4 entérico não foi afetada; no entanto, as vacas que pastejaram o capim-elefante manejado por IL95% foram mais eficientes e emitiram 21% menos CH4/kg de leite e 18% menos CH4/kg de MS consumida. O aumento de 51% na produção de leite por hectare superou o aumento de 29% nas emissões de CH4 entérico por hectare para a meta IL95%. Os fluxos de óxido nitroso não foram afetados pelas metas pré-pastejo. De maneira geral, o manejo do pastejo com base na meta IL95% é uma prática ambientalmente segura que melhora a eficiência de uso dos recursos alocados por meio da otimização de processos envolvendo plantas, ruminantes e sua interface, e aumenta a eficiência da produção de leite em sistemas baseados em pastagens tropicais. Uma vez que a meta pré-pastejo ideal foi estabelecida durante o primeiro experimento (IL95%), a segunda etapa consistiu-se em um refinamento da primeira. O segundo objetivo foi descrever e medir a influência de dois horários de alocação de novos piquetes aos animais (AM e PM) sobre a composição química da forragem, CMS, produção e composição do leite, e emissões de CH4 entérico de vacas HPB × Jersey. Os resultados confirmaram a compreensão geral da variação diurna na composição química da forragem em direção a maiores concentrações de matéria seca e de carboidratos não-fibrosos, e menor concentração de componentes da fibra na forragem amostrada pela à tarde. No entanto, o maior valor nutritivo da forragem da tarde não aumentou o CMS e a produção de leite, nem diminuiu a intensidade de emissão de CH4 das vacas leiteiras. Os resultados também indicaram que a alocação à tarde pode ser uma estratégia de manejo simples e útil que resulta em maior partição de N para produção de proteína, e menor excreção de N ureico no leite. A associação da meta pré-pastejo IL95% e a alocação do rebanho para um novo piquete à tarde poderia trazer benefícios econômicos, produtivos e ambientais para a intensificação sustentável de sistemas baseados em pastagens tropicais.
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Michel, Klaus-Bernhard. "Economic and environmental causes and consequences of offshoring: an empirical assessment." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209302.

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Over the last few decades, production processes have become increasingly fragmented: they are divided into ever smaller parts considered as separate activities, which are then spread over various locations in different countries. In other words, value chains for many products are becoming global. This implies that inputs into the production process are sourced from both local and foreign suppliers. The latter mode of sourcing is commonly referred to as offshoring. Expressed as the share of imported in total intermediates, offshoring has grown relatively fast in the recent past. Moreover, its scope has been extended as it increasingly encompasses not only manufacturing but also service activities. A typical example for the former is the sourcing from abroad of parts and components for car assembly. While offshoring of manufacturing activities has been occurring since long and has been largely facilitated by trade liberalisation, the offshoring of service activities such as the provision of accounting or call centre services is a more recent phenomenon that has been fostered by the increased tradability of such services.

With the increasing scale and scope of offshoring, it becomes crucial to get a grasp of its drivers as well as the gains and threats associated with it. The latter are the focal point of the public and academic discussion around offshoring, in particular the potential threats for workers in developed economies. Typical questions that are being raised are whether offshoring leads to job losses in developed countries and whether it favours certain categories of workers and is to the disadvantage of others. These threats are directly linked to the motivations for engaging into offshoring. In this respect, wage costs play a prominent role. But other factors may also influence offshoring decisions, e.g. regulations, in particular those regarding the environment. Last but not least, offshoring may also entail gains for developed economies through the improvements in the efficiency of production. In this PhD thesis, several causes and consequences of offshoring are examined empirically for Belgium.

The first issue that is investigated is whether offshoring of materials and business services affects industry-level employment. An improved offshoring intensity measure is introduced. It is a volume measure of the share of imported intermediates in output split into materials and business services and according to the country of origin of imports, i.e. high-wage and low-wage countries. Estimations of static and dynamic industry-level labour demand equations augmented by offshoring intensities do not reveal a significant impact of either materials or business services offshoring on total employment for Belgium. This result holds for both the manufacturing sector and the service sector and it proves robust to splitting the manufacturing sector into high-technology and low-technology industries.

These results raise the question whether there are actually productivity gains from offshoring. Therefore, estimates of the impact of materials and business services offshoring on industry-level productivity in Belgium are presented. Two features of the analysis are new compared to the existing literature on this subject: the issue is examined separately for manufacturing and market services industries and the possibility of forward and backward spillovers from offshoring, i.e. that productivity gains from offshoring feed through to upstream and downstream industries, is investigated. Results show that materials offshoring has no effect on productivity, while business services offshoring leads to productivity gains in manufacturing. Furthermore, there is no evidence of either forward or backward spillovers from offshoring.

Despite the absence of an industry-level total employment effect, offshoring may alter the within-industry composition of employment. In this respect, a major concern is the worsening of the labour market position of low-skilled workers. This issue is addressed by providing evidence on the impact of offshoring on the skill structure of manufacturing employment in Belgium between 1995 and 2007. Offshoring is found to significantly lower the employment share of low-skilled workers. Its contribution to the fall in the employment share of low-skilled workers amounts to 35%. This is mainly driven by offshoring to Central and Eastern European countries. Business services offshoring also contributes significantly to the fall in the low-skilled employment share. As a complement to the existing literature, the widely used current price measure of offshoring is compared with a constant price measure that is based on a deflation with separate price indices for domestic output and imports. This reveals that the former underestimate the extent of offshoring and its impact on low-skilled employment. Finally, further results show that the impact of offshoring on low-skilled employment is significantly smaller in industries with a higher ICT capital intensity.

Furthermore, attention is drawn to environmental effects of offshoring by asking whether offshoring contributes to reducing air emissions from manufacturing. Indeed, since the mid-90’s, production-related air emissions in Belgian manufacturing have been reduced substantially. It can be shown that the pace of the reduction has been fastest for domestic intermediates. The issue of whether offshoring has played a role in this reduction by replacing domestic intermediates by imported intermediates is widely debated. Here, a decomposition analysis is developed to measure the contribution of offshoring – the share of imported intermediates in total intermediates – to the fall in air emissions for domestic intermediates. Based on the results from this decomposition analysis, it is possible to calculate that 17% of the fall in greenhouse gas emissions, 6% of the fall in acidifying emissions and 7% of the fall in tropospheric precursor emissions in Belgian manufacturing between 1995 and 2007 can be attributed to offshoring.

Finally, emission intensities are also considered as a potential determinant of offshoring. An econometric approach for testing the pollution haven effect for imported intermediate materials is developed. The approach is new with respect to the existing literature on pollution havens through its specific focus on imports of intermediates. The test is embedded in a cost function framework from which a system of cost share equations for variable input factors is derived. The set of potential determinants of the demand for imported intermediate materials includes emission intensities for three types of air pollutants. Their impact constitutes a test of the pollution haven effect. The system of cost share equations is estimated by a within ISUR using data for the Belgian manufacturing sector. Results show some albeit relatively weak evidence of a pollution haven effect for imported intermediate materials.


Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Books on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Marcotte, Michelle. Improving food and agriculture productivity-- and the environment: Canadian initiatives in methyl bromide alternatives and emission control technologies. Ottawa: The Service, 1998.

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Garg, M. R. Balanced feeding for improving livestock productivity: Increase in milk production and nutrient use efficiency and decrease in methane emission. Edited by Makkar Harinder P. S and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2012.

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International Training Workshop on the Zero Emissions Research Initiative (ZERI) in Africa (1st 1997 Windhoek, Namibia). A new hope for sustainable development in Africa: Zero emissions and total productivity of raw materials. Edited by Mshigeni Keto E, University of Namibia, and United Nations University. Windhoek, Namibia: University of Namibia, 1998.

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Harchaoui, Tarek M. Assessing the impact of greenhouse gas emissons on Canada's productivity growth, 1981-1996: An experimental approach. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, Micro-Economic Analysis Division, 2002.

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Chris, Justice, Scholes Bob, Frost Peter, and International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, eds. African Savannas and the global atmosphere: Research agenda : report of a joint IGBP/START/IGAC/GCTE/GAIM/DIS workshop on African Savannas, land use and global change: interactions of climate, productivity and emissions, 2-5 June 1993, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe. Stockholm: IGBP, 1994.

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A link between productivity, globalisation and carbon emissions: evidence from emissions by coal, oil and gas. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022.

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Romm, Joseph J. Cool Companies: How the Best Businesses Boost Profits and Productivity by Cutting Greenhouse-Gas Emissions. Island Press, 2006.

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Romm, Joseph J. Cool Companies: How the Best Businesses Boost Profits and Productivity by Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Island Press, 1999.

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Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock: A Global Assessment of Emissions and Mitigation Opportunities. Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014.

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Cool Companies: How the Best Businesses Boost Profits and Productivity by Cutting Greenhouse-Gas Emissions. Island Press, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Marin, Giovanni. "Closing the Gap? Dynamic Analyses of Emission Efficiency and Sector Productivity in Europe." In The Dynamics of Environmental and Economic Systems, 159–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5089-0_9.

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Zhou, Di, and Kai Tang. "Investigating the Impact of Carbon Emission Trading on Industrial Carbon Productivity in China." In Carbon-Neutral Pathways for China: Economic Issues, 131–47. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5562-4_9.

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Zaman, M., K. Kleineidam, L. Bakken, J. Berendt, C. Bracken, K. Butterbach-Bahl, Z. Cai, et al. "Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices for Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions." In Measuring Emission of Agricultural Greenhouse Gases and Developing Mitigation Options using Nuclear and Related Techniques, 303–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55396-8_8.

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AbstractAgricultural lands make up approximately 37% of the global land surface, and agriculture is a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Those GHGs are responsible for the majority of the anthropogenic global warming effect. Agricultural GHG emissions are associated with agricultural soil management (e.g. tillage), use of both synthetic and organic fertilisers, livestock management, burning of fossil fuel for agricultural operations, and burning of agricultural residues and land use change. When natural ecosystems such as grasslands are converted to agricultural production, 20–40% of the soil organic carbon (SOC) is lost over time, following cultivation. We thus need to develop management practices that can maintain or even increase SOCstorage in and reduce GHG emissions from agricultural ecosystems. We need to design systematic approaches and agricultural strategies that can ensure sustainable food production under predicted climate change scenarios, approaches that are being called climate‐smart agriculture (CSA). Climate‐smart agricultural management practices, including conservation tillage, use of cover crops and biochar application to agricultural fields, and strategic application of synthetic and organic fertilisers have been considered a way to reduce GHG emission from agriculture. Agricultural management practices can be improved to decreasing disturbance to the soil by decreasing the frequency and extent of cultivation as a way to minimise soil C loss and/or to increase soil C storage. Fertiliser nitrogen (N) use efficiency can be improved to reduce fertilizer N application and N loss. Management measures can also be taken to minimise agricultural biomass burning. This chapter reviews the current literature on CSA practices that are available to reduce GHG emissions and increase soil Csequestration and develops a guideline on best management practices to reduce GHG emissions, increase C sequestration, and enhance crop productivity in agricultural production systems.
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Fuglie, Keith, Srabashi Ray, Uris Lantz C. Baldos, and Thomas W. Hertel. "The R&D Cost of Climate Mitigation in Agriculture." In SIMPLE-G, 135–58. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68054-0_10.

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AbstractAgriculture is responsible for about one-quarter of global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Supply-side approaches for reducing emissions from agriculture rely on emissions-saving technological change and the environmental protection of carbon-rich areas. We investigate how productivity policies, in the form of agricultural research and development (R&D) spending, might affect GHG emissions from agriculture compared to environmental policies that restrict agricultural land use or production practices that may cause environmental harm. Using a global economic model, we project outcomes from policy scenarios involving R&D, environmental policies, and combinations of both. At the global level, more R&D spending to accelerate productivity growth reduces GHG emissions from land-use change less effectively than targeted environmental policies. However, accelerated productivity growth reduces emissions intensity of agricultural production and reduces the cost of the environmental policy. Moreover, higher levels of productivity permanently lower agricultural GHG emissions and generally improve global food security. Policies that restrict agricultural factor inputs in order to reduce local environmental costs may increase global agricultural GHG emissions and worsen food insecurity. These consequences could be avoided by increasing R&D spending to accelerate agricultural productivity growth that is either factor neutral or biased toward saving production factors associated with negative environmental externalities.
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Peltola, Heli, Tero Heinonen, Jyrki Kangas, Ari Venäläinen, Jyri Seppälä, and Lauri Hetemäki. "Climate-Smart Forestry Case Study: Finland." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change, 183–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_11.

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AbstractFinland is the most forested country in the EU – forests cover 74–86% of the land area, depending on the definition and source. Increasing carbon sequestration from the atmosphere, and by storing it in forests (trees and soil) will be one important part of the Finnish climate smart forestry strategy. However, just maximizing the carbon storage of forests may not be the best option in the long run, although it may provide the best climate-cooling benefits in the short term. This is because the increasing risks of large-scale natural disturbances may turn forests, at least partially, into carbon sources. The climate change adaptation and mitigation should therefore be considered simultaneously. Different adaptation and risk management actions will be needed in Finnish forests in the coming decades to increase forest resilience to multiple damage risks. This could be done, for example, by increasing the share of mixtures of conifers and broadleaves forests instead of monocultures. Yet, the CSF strategy should also include the production of wood-based products that act as long-term carbon storage and/or substitute for more GHG-emission-intensive materials and energy. Doing this in a way which also enhances biodiversity and sustainable provisioning of multiple ecosystem services, is a key. Moreover, increasing forest land – for example, by planting on abandoned or low-productivity agricultural land, especially on soils with a high peat content – would enhance climate change mitigation.
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Shi, Feng, Akio Onishi, Masafumi Morisugi, and Kokyo Oh. "The Effect of water rights reallocation system of Yellow River Basin on water productivity, Regional Development and CO2 emission: a case study of Inner Mongolia, China." In Design for Innovative Value Towards a Sustainable Society, 1123–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3010-6_237.

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Selemani, Ismail Saidi, Lars Olav Eik, Øystein Holand, Tormod Ådnøy, Ephraim J. Mtengeti, Daniel E. Mushi, and Sørheim Oddvin. "Feeding Strategies for Improved Beef Productivity and Reduced GHG Emission in Tanzania: Effect of Type of Finish-Feeding on Carcass Yield and Meat Quality of Zebu Steers." In Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa, 367–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09360-4_20.

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Zhao, Lingxiao, Maria Polukarov, and Carmine Ventre. "Equilibria of Carbon Allowance Auctions: Emissions and Productivity." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 136–52. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77367-9_12.

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Lorenz, Ullrich. "Systemic analysis of the nexus of greenhouse gas emissions and material use in the energy sector." In Sustainable Development and Resource Productivity, 103–13. New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Factor x: studies in: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003000365-11.

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Capper, Judith L. "Improved Productivity Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Animal Agriculture." In ACS Symposium Series, 459–71. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1072.ch024.

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Conference papers on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Muizniece, Katrina, Inga Grinfelde, and Jovita Pilecka-Ulcugaceva. "DIGITAL TOOLS AND CLIMATE ACTION: A FRAMEWORK FOR GHG EMISSIONS CALCULATION IN AGRICULTURE." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 477–84. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.61.

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The increased importance and availability of digital tool leaves an impact on shaping the digitalization of countries and their economies. Links between the digitalization and economic sector productivity and climate change risk adaptation and/or mitigation increase trough different streams have also been found. The use of digital tools can also help in decision making process in terms of climate change including the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The aim of this study is to develop a base framework for a GHG emission calculation tool in the sector of agriculture. The tool framework is based on three different standards: IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories in the sector of Agriculture, Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Accounting Standard and Statistical classification of economic activities in European Union (also known as NACE code classification system). The developed framework will simplify the GHG calculation tool use for agriculture companies, as the needed input data will be required based on the company NACE code. Additionally, the tool will segregate the calculated GHG emissions in Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions for easier reporting of GHG emissions, for example, to financial institutions or regulatory bodies.
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Brindley, Joe, Benoit Daniel, Kieran Massey, Victor Bellido-Gonzalez, Dermot Monaghan, and Thomas Wingens. "True Gas Sensing in Vacuum and Atmosphere, Where RGAs Fail to Go." In IFHTSE 2024, 266–71. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ifhtse2024p0266.

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Abstract The nature of vacuum based processing is inherently problematic as the vacuum quality can be adversely affected by a range of effects that can contaminate the environment. If the level of such contamination exceeds acceptable limits, the quality of the produced parts will fall below standard and result in lower productivity and higher costs. The larger and more complex the vacuum processing chamber, the higher the probability of contamination, and the bigger the disruption to efficient production. Prediction and measurement of contamination within a vacuum is possible by residual gas analysis (RGA). Residual gas analysis can detect the presence and quantity of the gaseous species present, and as such is the most universal tool available to combat the difficulties experienced whilst vacuum processing. Traditionally vacuum residual gas analysis is performed by quadrupole mass spectrometry. A new method of residual gas analysis based upon remote plasma optical emission spectroscopy has overcome the drawbacks of using quadrupole based RGAs on large scale industrial vacuum systems. This remote plasma type of RGA operates over a wide range of vacuum pressures and is highly robust which guarantees continuous operation and avoids maintenance. The data provided can be used for smart digital control and monitoring of most forms of vacuum processes and ultimately ensures improved productivity.
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Kata, Dominic, Julius Gatune, and Innocent Kanana. "Harnessing Geothermal Energy for Decarbonization and Sustainable Agricultural Development Using Geotto." In Africa International Conference on Clean Energy and Energy Storage, 291–307. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-dsb1zx.

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This paper discusses the feasibility of geothermal power as a sustainable solution within the agri-food chain focusing on relational to global decarbonization plans. As the world shifts focus towards sourcing Renewable energy for minimal emission of greenhouse gases. Geothermal energy is receiving a lot of attention for its reliability. The Geotto system, which was piloted in the Eburru community of Kenya, showed how geothermal energy – IoT – AI interaction could be utilized in agricultural economies to the optimal level. The project of developing locally-owned incubators powered by geothermal energies helped to increase the hatch ratios as well as the energy, but not the fossil fuel consumption. The cross-sectional utilization of this resource in, for instance, crop drying, greenhouses, and fish farming was discussed as a prospect. Some of the challenges that were observed in Geotto’s case are technical barriers and the opposition to the adoption of new technology by the public and relevant authorities. The Geotto team tackled these problems in cooperation with the community and local government. From this pilot study, it is evident that geothermal power holds promise and value to be pursued as a long-term investment in the pursuit of higher food productivity with less pollution in addition to aiding the case for decarbonization. The pilot findings indicate that the kind of systems being implemented can likely be extended to other agricultural segments to support grassroots initiatives and strengthen world economies.
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Khatri, Waseem A., Oscar Salazar, Saleh Al Wohaibi, Mohammed Mehthel, and Mirza M. Baig. "Use of Nonmetallic Materials to Improve Construction Productivity and Sustainability of Infrastructure." In MECC 2023, 1–15. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/mecc2023-20037.

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Abstract Building and construction sector including infrastructures are facing many challenges of which are scarcity of raw materials, CO2 emissions, lower construction efficiency, and deterioration under corrosive environment that cost the world economy $2.5 Trillion and this translate to 3.4% of world gross domestic product. This paper presents several examples that show how the use of the nonmetallic materials improved sustainability and life cycles in the built environment by removal the corrosion issue from its root and using durable NM polymers in construction The paper will details recently patented Saudi Aramco technology for the use of nonmetallic paving panels that could be used as an alternative to concrete and asphalt paving. Case study will also be presented to use of GFRP Poles for traffic signs and signal poles to replaced traditional steel poles. Details of the development in the use of the non-metallic materials for specialist structural application will also be shared
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Voinot, Vincent, Richard Ferriere, Henri Porte, and Pascal Mollier. "550-nm emission of erbium-doped Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide pumped at 980 nm." In Lasers, Optics, and Vision for Productivity in Manufacturing I, edited by Tommaso Letardi and Horst Weber. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.248613.

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Süt, Ali Talih. "The Effect of Urbanization on Agricultural Productivity in Developing Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c13.02504.

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Agriculture is a very important activity for developing countries, and generally takes place in rural areas. Therefore, the urbanization directly affects agricultural activities. In this study, the relationship between agricultural productivity and urbanization is examined. In this context, carbon emission, representing environmental quality, was added as a control variable in the model. Because agricultural activities get their source from natural resources and the environment. The data set covers from 1992 to 2018 for 17 developing countries. According to the analysis, it was understood that the series were not co-integrated. According to the Dumitrescu Hurlin causality test, urbanization and carbon emissions are the cause of agricultural productivity. In addition, according to the same test results, it is not the cause of agricultural productivity, urbanization and carbon emissions.
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Altuntaş, Ceren. "A Theoretical and Empirical Examination on Selected Countries within the Scope of Circular Economy Model." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02780.

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In recent years, the concept of circular economy has gained importance and emerged as a key factor in terms of industrial and environmental policies. Herein, the main purpose of the present paper is exploring the connection between resource productivity and greenhouse gas emission, which are among the circular economy indicators. Resource productivity was adopted as the main dependent variable and greenhouse gas emission as the independent variable. Human development index and R&D expenditures of countries are the control variables in the study. Data from 27 developed and developing countries in Europe for a period ranging from 2006 – 2019 were analyzed using panel regression and it was determined that resource productivity is statistically negatively affected by greenhouse gas emission. Aside from this, findings provide evidence of a positive relationship between resource productivity, human development index and R&D expenditures. These results claim that resource productivity can be increased by reducing the emission of greenhouse gasses and developing policies for clean energy transition.
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Eileen Fabian Wheeler, Paul H Patterson, and Heather K Burley. "Ammonia Emission and Productivity of Laying Hens Fed Diets Containing Distiller Dried Grains." In 2012 IX International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES IX). St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41571.

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Baraskar, Shweta, Sunil Rajoapdhye, Santosh Dhuri, Rahul Patil, Mohammed Mudassir, Abhijit Narahari Phadke, and Rahul Mokhadkar. "Data Quality Evaluation and Assurance of Emissions on IC Engine." In 11th SAEINDIA International Mobility Conference (SIIMC 2024). 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4271/2024-28-0134.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Engines are the predominant source of Earth’s air pollution contributor, hence there are various emission laws which mandate the use of emission test cycle to verify that engine adhere to predetermined emission limits. A protocol found in an emission standard that enables consistent and comparable measurement of exhaust emissions for various engines is known as an emission test cycle. The values of emission parameters are the result of emission cycle. Measurements of GHG (Green House Gas) emissions - particulate number and particulate matter, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbon, and nitrogen oxides are used to determine exhaust gas thermodynamic characteristics, fuel-air ratio, combustion efficiency, and emission indices, as they link engine performance to environmental impact. The engine and after-treatment system’s exhaust emissions are currently having a significant negative impact on the environment. The emission indices (EI) are the characteristics that engine engineers and atmospheric emissions regulatory agencies are most interested in.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper provides information for the analysis and assessment of emissions from diesel engines. This paper will elaborate the concept of the entire testbed configuration, the associated emission cycles, and the relevant European emission standards for diesel engines. The paper focuses on elaborating challenges seen on achieving boundary conditions &amp; controlling measurement uncertainty, establish data quality checks with complexity of equipment's, engine and aftertreatment system interactions. In summary, it also discusses establishing the processes for Right First-Time and result accuracy for improving the productivity of the labs and the environmental impact reduction.</div></div>
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Wicka, Aleksandra, and Ludwik Wicki. "Energy productivity in agriculture in EU countries – directions and dynamics." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.011.

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The productivity of inputs, especially energy, is a subject of interest in many countries, including the countries of the European Union and the EU itself. To achieve a more sustainable economy, the EU launched the European Green Deal, a development strategy to transform the EU into a zero-emission economy. The study aims to assess changes in the productivity of energy inputs in agriculture in EU countries in connection with the changes in the volume of production and energy inputs. Based on Eurostat data, changes for the period 2010-2020 were determined. It was found that agricultural production in the EU-27 increased by 1.36%, while the amount of energy used in agriculture increased by as much as 12%. As a result, energy productivity decreased by as much as 10% from EUR 360,000 to EUR 325,000 per 1 TJ of energy input. A decrease in energy productivity was observed in 20 of the 27 countries surveyed. On average, production or energy use volume changes in particular countries were not large and did not exceed 5% in the analysed period. An increase in the efficiency of energy use in agriculture is possible through rational concentration of production, mechanization and introduction of innovations in production technologies. The phenomenon of emission leakage outside the EU and large imports of food should be avoided, as the efficiency of energy use in agriculture in the EU is higher than in less developed countries. Achieving a reduction in energy consumption in agriculture seems to be difficult to reconcile with maintaining production volumes.
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Reports on the topic "Emission productivity"

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Plevin, Richard, Holly Gibbs, James Duffy, Sahoko Yui, and Sonia Yeh. Agro-ecological Zone Emission Factor (AEZ-EF) Model (v47). GTAP Technical Paper, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp34.

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The purpose of the agro-ecological zone emission factor model (AEZ-EF) is to estimate the total CO2-equivalent emissions from land use changes, e.g., from an analysis of biofuels impacts or policy analyses such as estimating the effect of changes in agricultural productivity on emissions from land use. The model combines matrices of carbon fluxes (Mg CO2/ha/y) with matrices of changes in land use (ha) according to land-use category as projected by GTAP or similar AEZ-oriented models. As published, AEZ-EF aggregates the carbon flows to the same 19 regions and 18 AEZs used by GTAP-BIO, the version of GTAP currently used by Purdue University researchers for modeling biofuel-induced ("indirect") land-use change (ILUC) (e.g., Tyner, Taheripour et al. 2010). The AEZ-EF model, however, is designed to work with an arbitrary number of regions, as described in the accompanying report.
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Schumacher, Katja, and Jayant Sathaye. India's cement industry: Productivity, energy efficiency and carbon emissions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753014.

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Schumacher, Katja, and Jayant Sathaye. India's aluminum industry: Productivity, energy efficiency and carbon emissions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753017.

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Hertel, Thomas. Implications of Agricultural Productivity for Global Cropland Use and GHG Emissions: Borlaug vs. Jevons. GTAP Working Paper, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp69.

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This paper introduces a general framework for analyzing the impacts of regional and global technological change on long run agricultural output, prices, land rents, land use, and associated GHG emissions. In so doing, it facilitates a reconciliation of the apparently conflicting views of the impacts of agricultural productivity growth on global GHG emissions and environmental quality. As has been previously recognized, in the case of a global change in farm productivity, the critical condition for an innovation to lead to diminished land use is that the farm level demand for agricultural products is inelastic. However, in the more common case where the innovation is regional in nature, the necessary condition for a reduction in global land use and associated GHG emissions is more complex and depends on the relative yields, emissions efficiencies and supply conditions in the affected and unaffected regions. While innovations in agricultural are most common land-sparing at global scale, innovations in regions commanding a small share of global production, with relatively low yields, high land supply elasticities and low emissions efficiencies can lead to an increase in global land use change emissions. A numerical example illustrates these points and suggests that these conditions may hold for productivity shocks in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. These insights are also relevant for the emerging literature on the effect of adverse climate change on global agriculture and associated emissions from land use change. Keywords: technological progress, agricultural land use change, Jevons’ paradox, land-sparing innovation, climate change impacts, greenhouse gas emissions JEL codes: Q11, Q16, Q55, Q54
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Schumacher, Katja, and Jayant Sathaye. India's iron and steel industry: Productivity, energy efficiency and carbon emissions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753016.

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Banerjee, Onil, Martin Cicowiez, Ana Rios, and Cicero De Lima. Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Application of the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003794.

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In this paper, we assess the economy-wide impact of Climate Change (CC) on agriculture and food security in 20 Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. Specifically, we focus on the following three channels through which CC may affect agricultural and non-agricultural production: (i) agricultural yields; (ii) labor productivity in agriculture, and; (iii) economy-wide labor productivity. We implement the analysis using the Integrated Economic-Environmental Model (IEEM) and databases for 20 LAC available through the OPEN IEEM Platform. Our analysis identifies those countries most affected according to key indicators including Gross Domestic Product (GDP), international commerce, sectoral output, poverty, and emissions. Most countries experience negative impacts on GDP, with the exception of the major soybean producing countries, namely, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. We find that CC-induced crop productivity and labor productivity changes affect countries differently. The combined impact, however, indicates that Belize, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Paraguay would fare the worst. Early identification of these hardest hit countries can enable policy makers pre-empting these effects and beginning the design of adaptation strategies early on. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, only Argentina, Chile and Uruguay would experience small increases in emissions.
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Bhowmick, Shuvasish, ed. Biodigesters and Green Productivity: A Sustainable Approach to Clean Cooking. Asian Productivity Organization, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/ehmt9812.

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Cooking with traditional fuels releases pollutants into the environment and impacts human health. To promote sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, Shuvasish Bhowmick introduces the utilization of biogas in biodigesters as a fuel source. Its production, uses, and benefits as an environmentally friendly option with few adverse effects on human health and climate are discussed in this P-Insights report.
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Beckman, Jayson, Fengxia Dong, Maros Ivanic, Jonas Jägermeyr, and Nelson Villoria. Climate-induced yield changes and TFP. [Washington, D.C.]: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8534117.ers.

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Increasing agricultural productivity is vital to ensure that global food demand can be met. However, the impact of a changing climate on temperatures and precipitation could potentially influence agricultural productivity by affecting crop yields. This report combines the latest estimates of yield changes from the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project with projections of future productivity changes in the form of total factor productivity (TFP) to gain a better understanding of the future of agricultural production (and thus of food supply). Yield estimates are used from a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (to show an upper bound, as the impact of climate on yields is the strongest) for corn, rice, soybeans, and wheat. Yield changes are then combined with TFP estimates across four scenarios where research and development (R&D) assumptions determine the rate of TFP growth. Finally, the changes in yields and TFP, in conjunction with changes in populations and incomes, are assessed to shape the projected state of food supply in 2050. The results suggest that with no additional R&D expenditures, climate change would result in a production-consumption gap. When R&D investments are increased by amounts corresponding to the remaining three scenarios, TFP growth is sufficient to mitigate the impacts of climate change and projected population/income growth to maintain production at a level to meet global demand for food
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Galang, Ivory Myka, and Roehlano Briones. Culprit and Victim: Scenarios for Philippine Agriculture amidst Climate Change. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, December 2024. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2024.36.

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The study explores the complex role of Philippine agriculture, both as a contributor to and a victim of climate change. The agriculture sector, responsible for 23 percent of the country’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, simultaneously faces severe losses from extreme climate events, which account for 60 percent of disaster-related damages. This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on Philippine agriculture, evaluate mitigation and adaptation options, and formulate effective policy recommendations to foster resilience and sustainability. Scenarios are analyzed using a computable general equilibrium model to examine different pathways for adapting to and mitigating climate change impacts on agriculture, framed as (a) baseline, (b) intensified adaptation, and (c) combined adaptation and mitigation scenarios. The findings reveal that without enhanced interventions, Philippine agriculture is at risk of long-term supply and consumption reductions, leading to greater vulnerability. Meanwhile, the adoption of intensified adaptive and mitigation measures shows potential for improved resilience, increased productivity, and contributions to national climate commitments, at fairly modest intervention costs. The policy recommendations emphasize proactive climate action in agriculture that aims to enhance adaptation while contributing to mitigation efforts. Accurate GHG emissions estimates across sectors, especially agriculture, are crucial for targeted policies. Climate adaptation measures must be prioritized to ensure sustainable production amid growing climate risks, despite potential uneven outcomes across sub-sectors. Introducing cost-effective mitigation technologies, such as Alternate Wetting and Drying for rice and improved manure management, can reduce emissions without compromising productivity. The Philippines should integrate agriculture into its unconditional Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), focusing on technologies that offer sustainability while maintaining sectoral competitiveness and food security.
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Steinbuks, Jevgenijs, and Thomas Hertel. The Optimal Allocation of Global Land Use in the Food-Energy-Environment Trilemma. GTAP Working Paper, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp64.

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This study analyzes the optimal allocation of the world's land resources over the course of the next century in the dynamic forward-looking framework, which brings together distinct strands of economic, agronomic, and biophysical literature and incorporates key drivers affecting global landuse. We show that, while some deforestation is optimal in the near term, the desirability of further deforestation is elimated by mid-century under the baseline scenario. While the adverse productivity shocks from climate change have a modest effect on global land use, when combined with high growth in energy prices they lead to significant deforestation and higher GHG emissions than in the baseline. Imposition of GHG emissions constraint further heightens the competition for land, as fertilizer use declines and land-based mitigation strategies expand. However, the effectiveness of such a pre-announced constraint is completely diluted by intertemporal substitution of deforestation which accelerates prior to imposition of the target.
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