To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Emission productivity.
Journal articles on the topic 'Emission productivity'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Emission productivity.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Wang, Zhaoqiu, Yong Zhang, and Bo Wu. "Exploring Industrial Restructuring Pathways Based on Regional Carbon Productivity Variations: A Case Study of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Regions in China." E3S Web of Conferences 406 (2023): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340604018.
Full textAbstract:
The reduction of carbon emissions has emerged as a critical issue that requires urgent attention in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions as environmental concerns continue to grow. This paper examined how to achieve carbon emission reduction through industrial restructuring. The influence rela-tionship between industrial restructuring and carbon emissions was investigated using the Kaya constant equation LMDI decomposition method, while the coefficient of variation (CV) method was utilized to explore practical ways of promoting carbon emission reduction through industrial re-structuring. Data on carbon emissions and the economy from 12 core cities and 24 industries in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed. The key findings of this study in-dicate that economic growth remains the primary driver of local carbon emission growth, while industrial restructuring and carbon emission intensity changes exhibit both positive and negative effects on carbon emission growth. The inhibitory effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon emission growth can be weakened by regional industrial isomorphism. Furthermore, regional dis-parities in carbon emission intensity exist among some industries in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, and industrial restructuring based on carbon productivity variations has greater potential for emission reduction. The cities in these regions can encourage the development of industries with superior carbon productivity while regulating the growth of industries with inferior carbon productivity, allowing the optimal allocation of carbon emission credits from industries with lower productivity to those with higher efficiency, resulting in carbon emission reduction.
2
Liu, Chenyang. "The Role of Industrial Structure in the Impact of Environmental Regulation on Carbon Productivity." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/x3qvk888.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of global climate change, China has proposed the "Carbon peaking and Carbon neutrality goals" goal of carbon emissions will reach carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060. As a market-based environmental regulation policy to promote greenhouse gas emission reduction, carbon emission trading policy is expected to reduce carbon emissions and improve carbon productivity, among which industrial structure plays a regulatory role in the impact of carbon emission trading policy on carbon productivity. Using the provincial data of China from 2006 to 2019, this paper evaluated the influence of carbon emission trading policy on carbon emission, taking the industrial structure as the regulating variable, studied the industrial structure in the influence of environmental regulation on carbon emission, and tested the regression results of DID model through parallel trend test, placebo test and PSM-DID model regression. After the above research process, the following conclusions are drawn: the carbon emission trading policy has a significant positive promotion effect on carbon emission reduction, and it is further concluded that the industrial structure has a significant negative regulatory effect on carbon productivity under the carbon emission trading policy.
3
Chen, Xueli, Wanshu Ma, and Vivian Valdmanis. "Can labor productivity growth reduce carbon emission? Evidence from OECD countries and China." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 33, no. 3 (December 24, 2021): 644–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-10-2021-0240.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the challenges involved in the trade-offs of labor productivity and per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) emission.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, we used a balanced dataset of 36 OECD countries and China between 1990 and 2018. We examined the relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission for OECD countries and China based on an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Further, the fixed effects model of estimation was employed to examine the impact of variables during the sample period and explore the relationship between predictor and outcome variables within an entity while controlling for all time-invariant differences.FindingsThis study confirmed the existence of the N-shape EKC hypothesis in 36 OECD countries and China. This implies that at the initial development stage, per capita CO2 emission increased with labor productivity; however, after reaching certain threshold, per capita CO2 emission began to fall with rising labor productivity. Then the per capita CO2 emission rises again when labor productivity continually increases.Originality/valueIn this study, we explored the dynamic association between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China under the EKC framework from 1990 to 2018 by using the labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission as economic and environmental indicators of one country respectively. This study’s contribution showed the following: first, the empirical findings confirmed the N-shape relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China; second, the findings demonstrated that the association among the underlying variables by testing through the fixed effect model.
4
Ruan, Hongyang. "The Impact of Firm Productivity on Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Listed Companies in China." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 179, no. 1 (May 6, 2025): 7–13. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.22495.
Full textAbstract:
As climate change accelerates, carbon reduction is a global priority. China, as the largest emitter, faces the challenge of balancing growth and sustainability. The influence of productivity improvements on emission reduction remains a key question. This study aims to explore the impact of firm productivity on carbon emissions. By panel data regression method, the paper uses data from Chinas Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2022 to examine the relationship between enterprise productivity and carbon emission. The results show that increased productivity has significantly reduced the amount of carbon emitted per unit of output. In addition, heterogeneity analysis shows that regional characteristics play an important role on the relationship between productivity and carbon emissions, the impact in the eastern region is significantly stronger than in the central and western regions. Thus, enterprises should boost productivity through green innovation and energy optimization to reduce emissions and support sustainable development.
5
Fuglie, Keith O., Thomas W. Hertel, David B. Lobell, and Nelson B. Villoria. "Agricultural Productivity and Climate Mitigation." Annual Review of Resource Economics 16, no. 1 (October 7, 2024): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-101323-094349.
Full textAbstract:
Agriculture will play a central role in meeting greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets, as the sector currently contributes ∼22% of global emissions. Because emissions are directly tied to resources employed in farm production, such as land, fertilizer, and ruminant animals, the productivity of input use tends to be inversely related to emissions intensity. We review evidence on how productivity gains in agriculture have contributed to historical changes in emissions, how they affect land use emissions both locally and globally, and how investments in research and development (R&D) affect productivity and therefore emissions. The world average agricultural emissions intensity fell by more than half since 1990, with a strong correlation between a region's agricultural productivity growth and reduction in emissions intensity. Additional investment in agricultural R&D offers an opportunity for cost-effective (<US$30 per ton carbon dioxide) and large-scale emissions reductions. Innovations that target specific commodities or inputs could even further reduce the cost of climate mitigation in agriculture.
6
Dominiak, Adam, and Artur Rusowicz. "Change of Fossil-Fuel-Related Carbon Productivity Index of the Main Manufacturing Sectors in Poland." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 6906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196906.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the global characteristics of the Polish manufacturing industry and the structure of its energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions related to direct emission as a result of fuel combustion and indirect emission as a result of electricity consumption. The share of individual sectors in energy consumption and emission levels was determined, and the changes in this share over the last 20 years were determined. A method for determining the carbon productivity index for the emissions of individual industries with the use of global macroeconomic indicators was proposed. The index allows for the comparison of the productivity of individual industries, regardless of the nature of production. The change in carbon productivity in Polish industry over time was presented. On this basis, it was assessed which industries are particularly promising in terms of decarbonising the Polish industry.
7
Zhang, Jing, and Jian Feng Cai. "Research on Regional Differences of Carbon Productivity in China." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 1866–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.1866.
Full textAbstract:
This paper calculates the total carbon emissions on the basis of energy consumption data of 29 provinces by using IPCC reference approach and analysis the emission structure of carbon dioxide. Carbon productivity is calculated and the interprovincial and regional differences are studied. The results show that the main source of emission structure of carbon dioxide is coal. Significant differences on carbon productivity exist in inter-provincial as well as the three regions, carbon productivity in the eastern region is the highest, followed by the middle, the west is the lowest. According to the result, relative policy suggestions are put forward in the last.
8
Yang, Yize, Xiujian Wei, Jie Wei, and Xiang Gao. "Industrial Structure Upgrading, Green Total Factor Productivity and Carbon Emissions." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14021009.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon emission reduction is becoming a global issue. Methods of reducing carbon emissions in developing countries have become a hot topic of discussion. Based on the obvious structural transformation in developing countries, this paper discusses the logical mechanisms among industrial structure upgrading, green total factor productivity improvements, and carbon emission reduction. In addition, this paper empirically tests these relationships with provincial data from 2000 to 2017 in China. The conclusions are as follows: (1) industrial structure upgrades have a significant impact on carbon emissions. The industrial structure rationalization remains a noteworthy inhibition on carbon emissions. The industrial structure’s advancement has obvious features of development at the current stage, and its effect on carbon emissions shows an inverted “V” trend, which is initially accelerating but then restraining. (2) Upgrades to industrial structures will decrease carbon emissions by raising green total factor productivity. (3) The rise of green total factor productivity in a certain region will have a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on carbon emissions, but it will exhibit a negative spatial spillover effect on the adjacent areas.
9
Pramono, A., T. A. Adriany, H. L. Susilawati, Jumari, and I. F. Yunianti. "Alternate wetting and drying combined farmyard manure for reducing greenhouse gas while improving rice yield." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 950, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/950/1/012012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Water and organic amendments are the most important factors controlling methane (CH ) emissions from paddy fields. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) in rice cultivation improve water productivity (WP), minimize methane emission, but might increase nitrous oxide emissions (N O). The effects of combined water management and organic manure application on methane and nitrous oxide emission, rice yield are not well documented. The objective of this experiment was to determine rice cultivation technology that can improve productivity and reduce GHG emissions on rice field. The Inpari 32 rice cultivar was used in this study. Closed chamber methods were used for measuring emissions of greenhouse gases. Our results showed that, in comparison with continuous flooding, the AWD significantly reduced total global warming potential (GWP) by 13–17%. The AWD technique increased grain yields by 6-7% compared with those of CF. The AWD technique reduced CH (14–18%) and increased water productivity by 7–12% compared to CF system, along an 18–23% reduction in GHG intensity (GHGI). In conclusion, AWD technique and soil amendment with farmyard manure could be effectively used in greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for reducing GHG emission, GWP, and GHGI without sacrificing rice yield.
10
Jang, Won Suk, Joon Soo Kim, Byung Seung Kong, Duck Chan Lee, and Byung Soo Kim. "Experimental Analysis to Characterizing CO2 Emission of Roller." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.452.
Full textAbstract:
CO2 emission from construction equipment directly affects the global warming by increasing greenhouse gas. While there are many indirect sources in construction processes that affect the global warming, such as construction materials, CO2 emission is considered as one of controllable and measurable sources of greenhouse gas if construction engineers make a careful plan of equipment schedule according to CO2 emissions and equipment productivity. This paper introduced a CO2 measurement method in a real-time during construction phase and analyzed the relationship among gas velocity, rpm and CO2 emission. While engine rotation and CO2 emission are closed related to each other, their relationship is not perfectly coincident because of the coupling effect between rpm and CO2 emission. In addition, complicated mechanism behind the CO2 emission exists even during the equipment operation because of the various conditions of equipment, rolling resistance, working type, and field environment. The findings from this research will help an environment-friendly planning of activity scheduling by considering CO2 emission together with the equipment productivity.
11
Wang, Shubin, and Feng Chen. "Can New Quality Productivity Promote the Carbon Emission Performance—Empirical Evidence from China." Sustainability 17, no. 2 (January 13, 2025): 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020567.
Full textAbstract:
New quality productivity (NQP) has the possibility to enhance carbon emission performance which will fortify the groundwork for long-term economic expansion even further. The research examines the panel data of 30 provinces spanning the years 2012 to 2022 for an evaluation framework for NQP and carbon emission performance at the provincial level. Employing fixed effect models, mediation effect analysis, and spatial econometrics, the study explores the effect of NQP on carbon emission performance, its mediating mechanisms, and the spatial spillover effects. The findings indicate that (1) NQP significantly lowers carbon emissions for every unit of GDP and enhances carbon emission performance, and the result holds up when the instrumental variable methods are used. (2) The NQP had a significant contribution to improving carbon emission performance via advancements in green innovation. (3) The NQP does more than directly enhance the regional carbon emission performance; in contrast, it additionally positively influences the carbon emission performance level of the adjacent regions by the spatial spillover effect. (4) The impact of NQP on carbon emission performance is particularly pronounced in eastern and innovative regions. On this basis, we should vigorously develop the NQP, strengthen cross-regional policy coordination, and promote green and sustainable development.
12
Nur Usmani, Fajrina, Nada Nisrina Amri, Aristyo Dwiputro, Fransisca Simanjuntak, Dian Ary Kurniawan, Suria Darma Tarigan, and Bandung Sahari. "Carbon emission reduction scenario in palm oil production." BIO Web of Conferences 175 (2025): 02001. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202517502001.
Full textAbstract:
The palm oil industry has an excellent opportunity to contribute to achieving the emission reduction targets set in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This research offers a Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission mitigation scenario model that can be used for oil palm companies. The study was conducted from November 2023 to July 2024 in oil palm plantations in Siak Regency, Riau Province. Carbon emissions were calculated using the RSPO GHG Calculator, focusing on operational activities. The carbon reduction scenario is developed based on several factors, such as carbon emission structure, cost of reduction initiative, and its effect on productivity. The total of GHG emissions generated from palm oil production was recorded to be 111,780 tCO2-eq/year, in which the biggest source of emissions comes from peatland cultivation, followed by Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), agronomic activities such as fertiliser application, and fossil fuel combustion. The establishment of Methane Capture plays a key role in the carbon reduction scenario. Mitigation scenario by establishing a methane capture (MC), combined with peatland rewetting, and application of B30 is expected to significantly reduce GHG emissions up to 37.12%, while still maintaining crop productivity.
13
Capurro, Ma C., S. Riccetto, S. Tarlera, P. Irisarri, A. Fernandez, G. Cantou, and A. Roel. "Irrigation Management and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Uruguayan Rice Production Systems." Agrociencia 19, no. 3 (December 2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31285/agro.19.273.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental impact and sustainability of agricultural systems and management practices leading to climate change mitigation are one of the most relevant issues to agricultural production nowadays. Mitigation is the process of reducing emissions or enhancing sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG), to limit global warming potential and restrict future climate change. The most relevant GHG are Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O). The steady increase of its concentrations in the atmosphere over several decades has led to enhance global warming. CH4 and N2O are the most relevant GHG emitted mainly in the agricultural sector. It is well known that water management has great impact on GHG emissions from rice paddy fields. One of the most important tools for rice crop production and mitigation of CH4 emission is the controlled irrigation. However, it could result in a N2O emission increase and reduced rice yields. For these reasons, it is remarkably important to assess the tradeoff relationship between both GHG and the effect on rice productivity. A 3 year field experiment with two different irrigation systems was set at southeast of Uruguay. Conventional water management (continuous flooding after 30 days of emergence, CF30) and an alternative irrigation system (controlled deficit irrigation allowing wetting and drying, AWDI) were compared. The objective was to study the effect of water management on GHG emission, water productivity and rice yields in order to identify strategies for further progress in sustainable intensification of Uruguayan rice. Results showed that mean cumulative CH4 emission values for AWDI were 55% lower than CF30 systems; on the other hand, there were no significant differences in N2O emission among systems. Significant yield differences were not observed in two of the rice seasons, while AWDI recorded a significant yield reduction in one of them. Total irrigation water applied and irrigation water productivity did not showed differences in two of the rice seasons, while CF30 reported a higher amount of water applied and lower water productivity in one of the seasons. It can be concluded that AWDI could be an option to enhance water productivity and GHG emission mitigation. However, grain yield can be compromised in AWDI systems. The adoption of these technology is based on the indispensable assess of an overall tradeoff between the risk of possible yield losses, total water used and GHG emissions.
14
Petrunina, I. V., and N. A. Gorbunova. "Systemic measures on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in animal husbandry enterprises. A review." Food systems 5, no. 3 (October 7, 2022): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2022-5-3-202-211.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents a review of different approaches to solving problems arising upon greenhouse gas emission from activities of animal husbandry enterprises. The sector of ruminant animal production is under close attention for ecological reasons due to its significant contribution to emission of enteric methane (CH4) and an effect on global climate change. Moreover, analysis of the main sources of methane emission in the agricultural sector of the agro-industrial complex, including by species of livestock and poultry, is given. An impact of a feeding system, feeds and feed additives in use and manure storage on nitrogen losses is estimated. In this connection, the authors examine several promising scientific and practical development results that are aimed to reducing emissions and formulating a strategy for controlling direct emissions of greenhouse gases in animal husbandry that do not jeopardize animal productivity, especially in the context of sustainability. Practical activities that envisage the development of the complex of measures for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are examined. Potential strategies for mitigating their consequences were divided into the following main categories: animal raising, changes in animal diets and manipulations with rumen. Furthermore, several other measures facilitating an increase in livestock productivity and reduction of the negative effect on the environment were taken. Eco-economic methods for assessing emissions of harmful gases in production of animal husbandry products are considered and the necessity of developing simpler cost-effective technologies for quantitative assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and a search for solutions to preserve favorable climate is emphasized. When assessing greenhouse gas emissions, the loss sizes and cumulative ecological damage are taken into account. Realization of strategies for emission reduction should lead to an increase in animal productivity and a decrease in the negative effect of animal husbandry on the environment.
15
Zhang, Caiqing, Mi Zhang, and Nan Zhang. "Identifying the Determinants of CO2 Emission Change in China’s Power Sector." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2626418.
Full textAbstract:
Power sector is significantly important for China to achieve the CO2 emission reduction targets. In this study, we analyze the features of CO2 emissions and environment effect in China’s power sector, investigate the driving factors of CO2 emission change based on the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method, and evaluate the mitigation potential of CO2 emissions in China’s power sector. Results show that CO2 emissions in China’s power sector increased rapidly from 492.00 Mt in 1990 to 3049.88 Mt in 2014 while CO2 emission intensity experienced an unsteady downward trend during the study period. Industrial scale effect is the key contributor to CO2 emission growth in China’s power sector, and its contribution degree reaches 123.97%. Energy intensity effect contributes most to the decrease in CO2 emissions, with a contribution degree of −20.01%. Capital productivity effect is another important factor leading to CO2 emissions increase. The aggregate CO2 emission reduction would reach 17973.86 million tons (Mt) during 2015–2030 in the ideal emission reduction scenario. Finally, policy recommendations are made for future energy-saving and CO2 emission reduction in China’s power sector.
16
Jiang, Hongtao, Jian Yin, Yuanhong Qiu, Bin Zhang, Yi Ding, and Ruici Xia. "Industrial Carbon Emission Efficiency of Cities in the Pearl River Basin: Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Driving Forces." Land 11, no. 8 (July 22, 2022): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081129.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of green and high-quality development, effectively enhancing industrial carbon emission efficiency is critical for reducing carbon emissions and achieving sustainable economic growth. This study explored this research area using three models: the super-efficient SBM model was used to measure the industrial carbon emission efficiency of 48 cities in the Pearl River Basin from 2009 to 2017; the exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis method was used to reveal the spatiotemporal interaction characteristics of industrial carbon emission efficiency; and the geographical detectors and geographically weighted regression model were employed to explore the influencing factors. The results are as follows: (1) The Pearl River Basin’s industrial carbon emission efficiency steadily increased from 2009 to 2017, with an average annual growth rate of 0.18 percent, but the industrial carbon emission efficiency of some sites remains low; (2) The local spatiotemporal pattern of industrial carbon emission efficiency is solitary and spatially dependent; (3) The spatial variation of industrial carbon emission efficiency is influenced by a number of factors, including the industrialization level, openness to the outside world, the science and technology level, energy consumption intensity, and productivity level, with the productivity level, industrialization level, and openness to the outside world being the most important. Among these factors, the productivity level, science and technology level, openness to the outside world, and industrialization level all have a positive correlation with industrial carbon emission efficiency, but energy consumption intensity has a negative correlation. This study provides an integrated framework using exploratory spatiotemporal analysis and geographically weighted regression to examine carbon emission efficiency among cities. It can serve as a technical support for carbon reduction policies in cities within the Pearl River Basin, as well as a reference for industrial carbon emission studies of other regions of the world.
17
Kumar, Surender, and Shunsuke Managi. "Carbon-sensitive productivity, climate and institutions." Environment and Development Economics 21, no. 1 (February 13, 2015): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x15000054.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractClimate and institutions might be crucial in lowering the vagaries of climate change impacts in terms of productivity. This study measures the relationships of productivity measures adjusted for the regulation of carbon emission and institutions together with climate change throughout the world. This paper finds that there is higher potential for reduction of CO2emissions in developing countries at lower cost. However, the cost to reduce emissions lowers their growth potential in terms of lost productivity growth. Better institutions help to lower the negative impacts of climate change by improving the process of technological adoption in developing countries. Climate change reduces the productivity growth in developing countries by lowering the process of technological adoption, and better institutions result in higher productivity.
18
Busu, Mihail. "The Role of Renewables in a Low-Carbon Society: Evidence from a Multivariate Panel Data Analysis at the EU Level." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 25, 2019): 5260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195260.
Full textAbstract:
Low carbon emission has a major positive impact on our society. Due to the importance of reducing carbon emission levels, factors that contribute significantly towards reducing carbon emission levels have attracted the interest of academics and researchers in the field. In this paper, the author develops a multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between renewable energy consumption, biofuel production, resources productivity, bioenergy productivity, the level of urbanization and population and their impact on total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Data was collected from the European Statistical Office (EUROSTAT) and four statistical hypotheses were validated through a regression model with panel data using the statistical software EViews 11. The study was conducted for 27 European Union (EU) countries during 2008 to 2017. The author’s findings indicate that renewables have a direct and positive influence on the levels of CO2 emissions, as opposed to population growth and urbanization. These findings suggest that public policy should be directed towards increasing the use of renewables in EU countries, while the level of urbanization and the population growth add more restrictions in the modelling equation of the impact on CO2 emissions.
19
Guo, Jinsong, Yingjun Xiao, and Weiyong Zou. "The Impact of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emission Control on Agricultural Total Factor Productivity." Sustainability 17, no. 10 (May 12, 2025): 4400. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104400.
Full textAbstract:
Based on panel data of 164 prefecture-level cities in China between 2003 and 2022, this research employs a difference-in-differences (DID) model with a multidimensional fixed-effects regression model to investigate the impact of China’s pilot policy of controlling nitrogen and phosphorus emissions (PCNPE) on agricultural total factor productivity (ATFP) and its mechanism. The findings indicate that the Phosphorus Emission Control Policyphosphorus emission control policy (PCPE) reduces ATFP, while the nitrogen emission control policy (PCNE) has no significant effect. Notably, the negative impact of PCPE is smaller in key environmental protection zones and in the central and eastern regions compared to non-key zones and the western region. Importantly, consistent with the Porter hypothesis, the implementation of PCPE can promote ATFP by stimulating agricultural technology innovation (ATI). This research provides empirical evidence based on interdisciplinary knowledge to assist government policymaking in reconciling agricultural production and ecological conservation.
20
Li, Qiuyue, Debao Tuo, Lizhen Zhang, Xiaoyu Wei, Yurong Wei, Ning Yang, Yinlong Xu, Niels P. R. Anten, and Xuebiao Pan. "Impacts of climate change on net primary productivity of grasslands in Inner Mongolia." Rangeland Journal 36, no. 5 (2014): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj14022.
Full textAbstract:
Net primary productivity (NPP) of grasslands is a key variable for characterising carbon cycles in grassland ecosystems. The prediction of NPP in Inner Mongolia is important for adaptation to future climate change, food security and sustainable use of the grassland resources. The output from two models, potentially suitable for simulating NPP in response to climate change, was tested against observed aboveground forage mass of dry matter at eight sites in Inner Mongolia from 1995 to 2005. The Classification Indices-Based Model (CIBM) showed an acceptable agreement with field measurements. The impact of climate change on the NPP of grasslands was subsequently analysed by CIBM using future climate projections from a Global Circulation Model based on three greenhouse gas emission scenarios: A2 (medium-high emission), A1B (medium emission) and B2 (medium-low emission) differing in assumptions about patterns of global social and economic development. Generally, significant increases in NPP, compared with the baseline NPP of 3.6 tonnes ha–1 for 1961–90, were predicted. The magnitude of the increase in NPP depended on the emission scenario, as well as on the time frame and region considered. Overall the predicted NPP stimulation increased with the level of emissions assumed, being 4.8 tonnes ha–1 in the A2 scenario, 4.3 tonnes ha–1 in the B2 scenario and 4.5 tonnes ha–1 in the A1B scenario in the 2080s (2071–2100). The increase in NPP in response to climate change differed between regions and there was an interaction with emission scenario. For the A2 and the B2 emission scenarios, the western region of Inner Mongolia was predicted to exhibit the strongest NPP increases, but, under the A1B scenario for the 2050s, the south-eastern region exhibited the greatest increase in NPP. It is concluded that the productivity of grassland in Inner Mongolia is likely to increase in response to climate change but these predicted effects are sensitive to emission scenarios and differ regionally. This will provide opportunities but also challenges for herders and policy makers in adapting to this change.
21
Monson, Russell K., Barbro Winkler, Todd N. Rosenstiel, Katja Block, Juliane Merl-Pham, Steven H. Strauss, Kori Ault, et al. "High productivity in hybrid-poplar plantations without isoprene emission to the atmosphere." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 3 (January 6, 2020): 1596–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912327117.
Full textAbstract:
Hybrid-poplar tree plantations provide a source for biofuel and biomass, but they also increase forest isoprene emissions. The consequences of increased isoprene emissions include higher rates of tropospheric ozone production, increases in the lifetime of methane, and increases in atmospheric aerosol production, all of which affect the global energy budget and/or lead to the degradation of air quality. Using RNA interference (RNAi) to suppress isoprene emission, we show that this trait, which is thought to be required for the tolerance of abiotic stress, is not required for high rates of photosynthesis and woody biomass production in the agroforest plantation environment, even in areas with high levels of climatic stress. Biomass production over 4 y in plantations in Arizona and Oregon was similar among genetic lines that emitted or did not emit significant amounts of isoprene. Lines that had substantially reduced isoprene emission rates also showed decreases in flavonol pigments, which reduce oxidative damage during extremes of abiotic stress, a pattern that would be expected to amplify metabolic dysfunction in the absence of isoprene production in stress-prone climate regimes. However, compensatory increases in the expression of other proteomic components, especially those associated with the production of protective compounds, such as carotenoids and terpenoids, and the fact that most biomass is produced prior to the hottest and driest part of the growing season explain the observed pattern of high biomass production with low isoprene emission. Our results show that it is possible to reduce the deleterious influences of isoprene on the atmosphere, while sustaining woody biomass production in temperate agroforest plantations.
22
Rifqi, Muhammad, Bambang Widigdo, Ali Mashar, Fitrina Nazar, Anggoro Prihutomo, and Yusli Wardiatno. "Gaining Aquaculture Blue Growth with Low Carbon Emission Shrimp Farming Technology." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 12, no. 2 (July 12, 2022): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.12.2.363-371.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon emissions and their relation to shrimp farming activities getting more attention by researchers and environmentalists. Emissions of carbon and other greenhouse gases are concluded as drivers of climate change due to global warming. On the contrary, climate change is proven to determine the continuity and sustainability of shrimp farming activities. The dynamics of carbon and profitability are different for the three cultivation technologies (extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive), it caused by differences in the number and types of production inputs, and facilities and infrastructure, and also differences in productivity. This study aims to formulate the blue growth of aquaculture areas in the coastal area of Karawang Regency-West Java related to carbon emission within the DPSIR framework and use trade off analyses to obtain shrimp farming technologies alternative that are low in carbon emissions. Our conclusion to be able to reduce the carbon emissions, and increase the carbon sequestration and stock as effort for shrimp farming blue growth through optimize the spatial use supervision and increase the productivity of shrimp farming. The lowest carbon emission of shrimp farming technology are semi-intensive, intensive and extensive, respectively
23
Shan Yan, Wen Zhong, and Zhiqing Yan. "Carbon Reduction Effect of Digital New Quality Productivity: Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Evidence." Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 7, no. 1 (October 30, 2024): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i1.7238.
Full textAbstract:
The continuous innovation and widespread application of digital technology have expedited the transformation of productivity and presented an opportunity to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Digital new quality productivity, characterized by the integration of advanced technologies, innovative business models, a new economic framework, and ongoing innovation, stands as a superior production factor. It plays a crucial role in fostering high-quality economic growth and leading efforts to meet the “dual carbon” objectives. Using panel data from Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2022, this study employs various econometric models to empirically examine the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission reduction. The findings reveal that: (1) There exists a significant U-shaped nonlinear relationship between digital new quality productivity and carbon emission performance, with an inflection point at 0.2750. (2) Dual objective constraints significantly moderate the relationship between digital new productivity and carbon emission performance. Setting moderate economic growth targets positively influences the effect of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance. (3) The impact of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance varies considerably based on factors such as urban location, city size, resource endowment, and specific city characteristics. It is essential to focus on nurturing digital new quality productivity, exploring the integration of balanced economic growth objectives with environmental goals, and effectively leveraging the environmental benefits derived from the advancement of digital new quality productivity tailored to local contexts.
24
Hossain, Mohammad Mobarak, and Mohammad Rafiqul Islam. "Farmers’ Participatory Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation Method Reduces Greenhouse Gas Emission and Improves Water Productivity and Paddy Yield in Bangladesh." Water 14, no. 7 (March 28, 2022): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14071056.
Full textAbstract:
In dry season paddy farming, the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation has the potential to improve water productivity and paddy production and decrease greenhouse gas (GHG), such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), emissions when compared to continuous flooding (CF). Participatory on-farm trials were conducted from November 2017 to April 2018 in the Feni and Chattogram districts of Bangladesh. Total 62 farmers at Feni and 43 at Chattogram district, each location has 10 hectares of land involved in this study. We compared irrigation water and cost reductions, paddy yield, and CH4 and N2O emissions from paddy fields irrigated under AWD and CF irrigation methods. The mean results of randomly selected 30 farmers from each location showed that relative to the CF irrigation method, the AWD method reduced seasonal CH4 emissions by 47% per hectare and CH4 emission factor by 88% per hectare per day. Moreover, the AWD decreased the overall global warming potential and the intensity of GHG by 41%. At the same time, no noticeable difference in N2O emission between the two methods was observed. On the other hand, AWD method increased paddy productivity by 3% while reducing irrigation water consumption by 27% and associated costs by 24%. Ultimately it improved water productivity by 32% over the CF method.
25
Ramírez-Contreras, Nidia Elizabeth, David Munar-Florez, Floor van der Hilst, Juan Carlos Espinosa, Álvaro Ocampo-Duran, Jonathan Ruíz-Delgado, Diego L. Molina-López, Birka Wicke, Jesús Alberto Garcia-Nunez, and André P. C. Faaij. "GHG Balance of Agricultural Intensification & Bioenergy Production in the Orinoquia Region, Colombia." Land 10, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030289.
Full textAbstract:
Energy crop expansion can increase land demand and generate displacement of food crops, which impacts greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mainly through land-use change (LUC). Increased agricultural productivity could compensate for this. Our study aims to evaluate the regional combined GHG emissions of increasing agricultural yields for food crop and beef production and using the generated surplus land for biomass production to replace fossil fuels in the Orinoquia region of Colombia until 2030. The results show that surplus land for biomass production is obtained only when strong measures are applied to increase agricultural productivity. In the medium and high scenario, a land surplus of 0.6 and 2.4 Mha, respectively, could be generated. Such intensification results in up to 83% emission reduction in Orinoquia’s agricultural sector, largely coming from increasing productivity of cattle production and improving degraded pastures. Biofuel potential from the surplus land is projected at 36 to 368 PJ per year, with a low risk of causing indirect LUC, and results in GHG emission reductions of more than 100% compared to its fossil fuel equivalent. An integrated perspective of the agricultural land use enables sustainable production of both food and bioenergy.
26
Liu, Gang, Pengfei Shi, Feng Hai, Yi Zhang, and Xingming Li. "Study on Measurement of Green Productivity of Tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, China." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082786.
Full textAbstract:
This paper introduces energy consumption and carbon emission into the analysis framework of the green productivity of tourism. By comparing and analyzing the two main methods used to evaluate the energy consumption and carbon emission estimations of tourism, namely, the “top-down” and “bottom-up” method, and considering the availability of data, the “bottom-up” method was adopted to evaluate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of tourism in the Yangtze River Economic Zone (YREZ). Then, using the Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) index in the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) model, the green productivity of the tourism in 11 provinces and cities in the YREZ from 2006 to 2015 was measured. The empirical results show that: (1) The energy consumption and carbon emissions of tourism in the YREZ have increased steadily over the past 10 years, which has caused a certain degree of pollution to the environment, indicating that tourism is no longer a “smoke-free industry”; (2) there are significant provincial differences between the energy consumption and carbon emissions of tourism in the YREZ, with Shanghai always ranking first, while Guizhou and Yunnan ranks last, which represents that the tourism economic development level is positively correlated with the tourism energy consumption and carbon emissions; (3) the green productivity of tourism in the YREZ shows a fluctuating increasing trend in the past 10 years, and technological progress has become the main reason for its growth in green productivity; and (4) the green productivity of tourism in 11 provinces and cities in the YREZ can be divided into three types: Progressive type of tourism green development, stagnant type of tourism green development, and declining type of tourism green development. Consequently, different types of provinces should explore effective dependency paths based on their own conditions.
27
Wu, Qiong, Kanittha Tambunlertchai, and Pongsa Pornchaiwiseskul. "Examining the Impact and Influencing Channels of Emission Trading Pilot Markets in China." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(136).
Full textAbstract:
The global warming has become a serious issue in the world since the 1980s. The targets for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol cover emissions of the six main greenhouse gasses (GHGs). China is the world's largest CO2 emitter and coal consumer and was responsible for 27.3 percent of the global total CO2 emission and 50.6 percent of the global total coal consumption in 2016 (BP, 2017). As China plays an important role in the global climate change, China has set goals to improve its environmental efficiency and performance. In 2011, the Chinese government for the first time announced an intent to establish carbon emission trading market in China. Eight regional emission trading schemes have been operating since 2013 (seven pilot markets during the 12th Five Year Plan period and one pilot market during the 13th Five Year Plan period) including provinces of Guangdong, Hubei, and Fujian, and cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Chongqing. The goal of these regional emission trading pilot markets is to help the government establish an efficient carbon emission trading scheme at national level. Some researchers have been focused on examining the impact of emission trading schemes in China using CGE model by constructing different scenarios and ex-ante analysis using data prior to emission trading pilot markets implementation. While this paper tries to conduct an ex-post analysis with data of 2005-2017 to evaluate the impact of emission trading pilot markets in China at provincial level using difference-in-difference (DID) model. By including both CO2 and SO2 as undesirable outputs to calculate Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) Index to measure green total factor productivity, this paper plans to evaluate the impact of carbon emission trading pilot markets in China via emission reduction, regional green development, synergy effect and influencing channels. This paper tries to answer the following research questions: (1) Do emission trading pilot markets reduce CO2 emission and increase regional green total factor productivity? (2) Is there any synergy effect from emission trading pilot markets? (3) What are the influencing channels of emission trading pilot markets? Keywords: Emission trading, CO2 emissions, Different-in-difference
28
Zhou, Di, Xiaoyu Liang, Ye Zhou, and Kai Tang. "Does Emission Trading Boost Carbon Productivity? Evidence from China’s Pilot Emission Trading Scheme." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 5522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155522.
Full textAbstract:
As the country with the largest carbon emissions globally, the effective operation of China’s carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) is of great importance to the global community in terms of mitigating climate change. This paper considers China’s pilot ETS launched in 2013 as a quasi-natural experiment. Exploring provincial industrial-level data that are more in line with the ETS coverage, the difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD) model is used to evaluate the impact of the ETS on carbon productivity. Considering different pilot regions and industries, we also analyze the heterogeneous effect of ETS. Moreover, the mediating effects of technical progress and capital investment are explored. We find that China’s pilot ETS boosted carbon productivity. Among pilot regions, the best policy effectiveness appeared in Beijing, while the weakest effectiveness appeared in Chongqing. Among the pilot industries, the pilot ETS had better effectiveness in petrochemical and electric power industries and weaker effectiveness in building materials and transportation industries. Additionally, the pilot ETS promoted carbon productivity through both technological progress and capital investment, and the former contributed more. Our findings can provide empirical references and policy implications for nationwide implementation of ETS to further promote low-carbon economic transformation.
29
Donadia, Andrea Beltrani, Rodrigo Nazaré Santos Torres, Henrique Melo da Silva, Suziane Rodrigues Soares, Aaron Kinyu Hoshide, and André Soares de Oliveira. "Factors Affecting Enteric Emission Methane and Predictive Models for Dairy Cows." Animals 13, no. 11 (June 2, 2023): 1857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13111857.
Full textAbstract:
Enteric methane emission is the main source of greenhouse gas contribution from dairy cattle. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate drivers and develop more accurate predictive models for such emissions. In this study, we built a large and intercontinental experimental dataset to: (1) explain the effect of enteric methane emission yield (g methane/kg diet intake) and feed conversion (kg diet intake/kg milk yield) on enteric methane emission intensity (g methane/kg milk yield); (2) develop six models for predicting enteric methane emissions (g/cow/day) using animal, diet, and dry matter intake as inputs; and to (3) compare these 6 models with 43 models from the literature. Feed conversion contributed more to enteric methane emission (EME) intensity than EME yield. Increasing the milk yield reduced EME intensity, due more to feed conversion enhancement rather than EME yield. Our models predicted methane emissions better than most external models, with the exception of only two other models which had similar adequacy. Improved productivity of dairy cows reduces emission intensity by enhancing feed conversion. Improvement in feed conversion should be prioritized for reducing methane emissions in dairy cattle systems.
30
Eshete, Zerayehu Sime, Dawit Woubishet Mulatu, and Tsegaye Ginbo Gatiso. "CO2 emissions, agricultural productivity and welfare in Ethiopia." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 12, no. 5 (September 28, 2020): 687–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-07-2019-0046.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Climate change has become one of the most important development challenges worldwide. It affects various sectors, with agriculture the most vulnerable. In Ethiopia, climate change impacts are exacerbated due to the economy’s heavy dependence on agriculture. The Ethiopian Government has started to implement its climate-resilient green economy (CRGE) strategy and reduce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of CO2 emission on agricultural productivity and household welfare. Design/methodology/approach This study aims to fill these significant research and knowledge gaps using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model to investigate CO2 emissions’ impact on agricultural performance and household welfare. Findings The results indicate that CO2 emissions negatively affect agricultural productivity and household welfare. Compared to the baseline, real agricultural gross domestic product is projected to be 4.5% lower in the 2020s under a no-CRGE scenario. Specifically, CO2 emissions lead to a decrease in the production of traded and non-traded crops, but not livestock. Emissions also worsen the welfare of all segments of households, where the most vulnerable groups are the rural-poor households. Originality/value The debate in the area is not derived from a rigorous analysis and holistic economy-wide approach. Therefore, the paper fills this gap and is original by value and examines these issues methodically.
31
Haque, Md Mahamudul, Juel Datta, Tareq Ahmed, Md Ehsanullah, Md Neaul Karim, Mt Samima Akter, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal, et al. "Organic Amendments Boost Soil Fertility and Rice Productivity and Reduce Methane Emissions from Paddy Fields under Sub-Tropical Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 3103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063103.
Full textAbstract:
Deteriorating soil fertility and gradually decreasing rice productivity along with higher greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields have emerged as serious threats to the sustainability of rice production and food security. Rice production in the subtropical environment in Bangladesh is mostly dependent on synthetic inorganic fertilizer to maintain productivity; however, the inorganic fertilizer has negative effects on global warming. Climate-smart and resilient agricultural production systems are major concerns nowadays to meet sustainable development goals. The study was conducted to evaluate the optimum rate and source of organic amendments on rice productivity and soil fertility along with CH4 emission. A total of nine nutrient combinations were used in the study. The CH4 emission, soil redox potential (Eh), soil pH, soil nitrogen and organic carbon, available phosphorus, rice grain and straw were greatly affected by the application of different rates and sources of the nutrient. However, the soil exchangeable K content, plant height, and harvest index were not affected. Among the treatments, the application of 75% recommended fertilizer (RF) + biosolid 2 t ha−1 (T3) was the most effective and showed the superior performance in terms of available P (12.90 ppm), the number of grains panicle−1 (121), and 1000-grain weight (24.6g), rice grain, and straw yield along with the moderate CH4 emission (18.25 mg m−2h−1). On the other hand, the lowest soil Eh (−158 mV) and soil pH (6.65) were measured from the treatment T3. The finding of this study revealed that the application of 75% of RF + biosolid 2 t ha−1 can be recommended as the preferable soil amendment for boosting rice yield, reduce CH4 emissions, and sustainably maintain soil fertility. Furthermore, this finding may help to introduce preferable soil amendment doses, which will contribute to boosting rice productivity and economic turnouts of the farmers.
32
Hasudungan, Jaspar, and Jangkung Raharjo. "Determination of Emission Reduction Costs Through Optimization of Generator Scheduling in Indonesia." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 3 (May 18, 2022): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12929.
Full textAbstract:
The energy crisis, the impact of emissions, the greenhouse effect, and climate change are global issues. The operation of power plants using fossil fuels impacts emissions that are harmful to the environment. This paper discusses the determination of the cost of reducing plant emissions, which is preceded by solving the problem of scheduling generators involving emissions (often known as Economic Emission Dispatch) for various conditions of variation in cost and emission weights using candidate area reduction techniques. This method was tested using the Java-Bali, Indonesia, 500 kV electrical system, 25 buses, with various loads. The ratio between the cost difference and the emission difference is determined in various conditions from the combination of costs and emissions. The simulation results are compared with other methods such as the firefly algorithm, Cuckoo algorithm, and particle swarm optimization. The results of these various methods show that it costs USD 167.3 to USD 218.1 to reduce emissions by 1 ton per 4 hours. This paper provides input to the government in making policies related to flexible power plant emission control. Considering that emission is a national issue in Indonesia, one of the efforts to reduce emissions from power plants is the implementation of policies related to the operation of plants by considering emissions. However, to avoid counter-productivity from the operation of electricity, the government can prepare funding to assist the electricity operator in implementing the policy for limiting the emission of the power plant.
33
Wu, Qi, Hua Huang, Qinhe Wang, Zeyu Liu, Runzhuo Pei, Guosheng Wen, Jinghui Feng, et al. "Deep Fertilization Is More Beneficial than Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer on Crop Productivity and Environmental Cost: Evidence from a Global Meta-Analysis." Agronomy 15, no. 5 (April 30, 2025): 1103. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15051103.
Full textAbstract:
It is unclear whether enhanced efficiency fertilizer (EEF) or deep fertilization strategies (DF) can simultaneously improve crop productivity and reduce gaseous nitrogen losses. The DF strategy’s investment cost is lower than that of EEF’s, with more potential for large-scale promotion. However, there is still a need for a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of DF and EEF’s effects on crop productivity and gaseous nitrogen losses. Here, we examine the effects of DF and EEF on crop yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and nitrous oxide (N2O) and ammonia (NH3) emissions by a meta-analysis of published studies. We collected peer-reviewed articles on EEF and DF published in recent decades and conducted a global meta-analysis, and explored their responses to different climatic, field management practices, and environmental factors. The results showed that compared with urea application on the surface, EEF and DF significantly increased yields by 7.52% and 13.88% and NUE by 25.84% and 36.27% and reduced N2O emissions by 37.98% and 34.18% and NH3 emissions by 42.37% and 69.68%, respectively. The DF strategy is superior to that of the EEF. Due to differences in climatic factors, soil properties, and management practices, the effects of DF and EEF in improving crop productivity and gaseous nitrogen loss vary. However, in most cases, DF is more beneficial than EEF. Compared with EEF, DF significantly increased the yield by 84.63% and reduced NH3 volatilization by 64.47%, yield-scaled N2O emission by 13.32%, and yield-scaled NH3 emission by 60.23%. Therefore, we emphasize that DF can achieve higher yields, nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, lower emissions of gaseous nitrogen, and lower yield-scaled N2O and NH3 emissions than EEF, which is beneficial for the sustainable development of global agricultural ecosystems. The research results provide valuable information on crop productivity and environmental costs under an effective fertilizer type and fertilization strategy management.
34
Liao, Wenhua, Chunjing Liu, Xinxing Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Yujing Fan, and Zhiling Gao. "Evaluating Gas Emissions from Different Feed Cropping Systems in the North China Plain: A Two-Year Field Measurement." Atmosphere 13, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071153.
Full textAbstract:
The cultivation of silage crops is encouraged to enhance the connection between crop and livestock production in the North China Plain (NCP). A field experiment was designed to evaluate the ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions of five silage cropping systems, including triticale-summer maize (Tr-SuM), triticale-spring maize (Tr-SpM), triticale-double forage maize (Tr-DFM), double forage maize (DFM), and winter wheat-summer maize (WW-SuM), as well as their biomass- and crude protein-scaled emission intensities, with respect to NH3 and greenhouse gas (GHG). The annual nitrogen (N) emissions through NH3, N2O, and CH4 emissions of these systems were 13.43–23.77 kg ha−1 (4.2–5.6% of N fertilizer input), 3.43–4.56 kg ha−1 (0.75–1.08% of N fertilizer input) and 2.10–2.85 kg ha−1, respectively. The total GHG emissions of these systems was dominated by the contributions of N2O. Ranking these systems according to their biomass and crude protein production gave Tr-DFM > DFM > WW-SuM > Tr-SuM and Tr-SpM, their partial factor productivity was in the order of Tr-DFM > WW-SuM > Tr-SuM and Tr-SpM > DFM, and the order of their emission intensity was DFM > Tr-SuM > Tr-DFM > WW-SuM > Tr-SpM. In conclusion, the Tr-DFM needs to be further investigated for its suitability in the NCP, owing to its superior productivity and moderate emission intensities.
35
Amaefule, Chukwuemeka, Akeem Shoaga, Lawrence Oghenemaro Ebelebe, and Adebisi Saudat Adeola. "Carbon emissions, climate change, and Nigeria's agricultural productivity." European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): em0206. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/12572.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examined the impact of climate change through the carbon emissions channel on agricultural productivity in Nigeria. It adopted the transposed second-generation environmental Kuznets curve model, which defined growth (agricultural productivity) as a function of climate change. Data from world development indicators between 1960 and 2019 were utilized to examine the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity. The paper employed the bound test (ARDL) method. The result showed the existence of a long-run relationship between carbon emissions (proxy by CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and CO<sub>2</sub> intensity) and agricultural productivity (proxy by Agric.GDP, crop production index, and food production index) in Nigeria. The speed of adjustments is between 34% and 80%. Thus, a change in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and intensity affects Agric.GDP differently, but CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and intensity negatively impacted crop and food production in Nigeria. The result implies that carbon emissions and carbon intensity cause decline and generates a dampening threat to Nigeria’s agricultural productivity through physical risk channels. By extension, the study concludes that carbon emission causes climate vulnerability that affects agricultural yields, production, and productivity. Carbon emissions results in low agricultural productivity which in turn disrupt food security as well as distort the poverty reduction strategy in the country. This study, therefore, recommends an equitable implementation of carbon pricing, adoption of mitigation policies, promotion of effective and efficient environmental laws, and the implementation of an appropriate abatement policy that jointly optimizes environmental stability and growth targets of the sustainable development goals.
36
Li, Zhe, and Shouyong Shi. "EMISSION TAXES AND STANDARDS IN A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM WITH PRODUCTIVITY DISPERSION AND ABATEMENT." Macroeconomic Dynamics 21, no. 8 (March 29, 2016): 1857–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100515001121.
Full textAbstract:
We incorporate emission into a general equilibrium model with rich dispersion in productivity among monopolistically competitive plants. Emission is modeled as a by-product of goods production. An abatement technology is available to the plants for reducing emission. We compare an emission tax with an emission intensity standard. The tax is shown to dominate the standard in welfare for all values of market power if either productivity is sufficiently dispersed or the abatement technology is not effective. On the other hand, if productivity dispersion is small and the abatement technology is effective, there exists sufficiently strong market power so that the standard will dominate the tax in welfare. Even in the case where the standard unambiguously induces a higher output of dirty goods than the tax, the general equilibrium framework is necessary for ranking the two policies in welfare.
37
Zhu, Guanwen. "Can Carbon Reduction Targets Achieve Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction?" Academic Journal of Management and Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 20, 2025): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.54097/m5vvx539.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of environmental regulation on productivity growth and carbon reduction is crucial for a country's sustainable development. This paper examines how China's carbon reduction target policy (CRT), initiated during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, has influenced the green productivity of coal-fired power plants. Using the DEA method, we evaluated the green productivity of China's coal-fired power plants from 2005 to 2015. Additionally, we treated the CRT proposed during the 12th Five-Year Plan as a natural experiment and applied a difference-in-differences (DID) approach to estimate its effect on green productivity. The findings indicate that the green productivity of China's coal-fired power plants has been on the rise, with efficiency improvements serving as a key driver. There is heterogeneity in the green productivity of these plants. Following the implementation of the CRT, the green productivity of coal-fired power plants improved, and the positive effects of the policy have grown over time. Therefore, China's CRT plays a significant role in promoting productivity growth and carbon reduction.
38
Rajasekar, Panneerselvam, and James Arputha Vijaya Selvi. "Sensing and Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Rice Fields to the Near Field Atmosphere." Sensors 22, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114141.
Full textAbstract:
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice fields have huge effects on climate change. Low-cost systems and management practices to quantify and reduce GHGs emission rates are needed to achieve a better climate. The typical GHGs estimation processes are expensive and mainly depend on high-cost laboratory equipment. This study introduces a low-cost sensor-based GHG sampling and estimation system for rice fields. For this, a fully automatic gas chamber with a sensor-integrated gas accumulator and quantifier unit was designed and implemented to study its performance in the estimation efficiency of greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O, and CO2) from rice fields for two crop seasons. For each crop season, three paddy plots were prepared at the experimental site and then subjected to different irrigation methods (continuous flooding (CF), intermittent flooding (IF), and controlled intermittent flooding (CIF)) and fertilizer treatments to study the production and emission rates of GHGs throughout the crop growing season at regular intervals. A weather station was installed on the site to record the seasonal temperature and rainfall events. The seasonal total CH4 emission was affected by the effects of irrigation treatments. The mean CH4 emission in the CIF field was smaller than in other treatments. CH4 and N2O emission peaks were high during the vegetative and reproductive phases of rice growth, respectively. The results indicated that CIF treatment is most suitable in terms of rice productivity and higher water use efficiency. The application of nitrogen fertilizers produced some peaks in N2O emissions. On the whole, the proposed low-cost GHGs estimation system performed well during both crop seasons and it was found that the adaption of CIF treatment in rice fields could significantly reduce GHG emissions and increase rice productivity. The research results also suggested some mitigation strategies that could reduce the production of GHGs from rice fields.
39
Li, Yifei, Yinlu Bai, and Yun Jiang. "The influence and mechanism of carbon emission trading policy on green total factor productivity." BCP Business & Management 49 (August 16, 2023): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v49i.5463.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2008 to 2018, this paper empirically-analyzes the impact of carbon emission trading on green total factor productivity by using differential and intermediary effect models, and demonstrates the specific mechanism from the perspective of carbon emission reduction effect. The study found that carbon emission trading significantly improved green total factor productivity. From the perspective of influence mechanism, carbon emission trading improves green total factor productivity through marketization effect and technological innovation effect. Finally, it is concluded that the implementation of pilot policies should adhere to the principle of the combination of government macro-control and market decision, play the key role of technological innovation and formulate differentiated policies.
40
Yulianingsih, Eni, Rina Kartikawati, and Sri Wahyuni. "NITROUS OXIDE (N2O) EMISSION AND AGRONOMIC CHARACTER ON DIFFERENT GREEN BEAN VARIETIES (Vigna radiata L.) IN UPLAND." Agric 31, no. 2 (January 20, 2020): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/agric.2019.v31.i2.p103-111.
Full textAbstract:
Cultivation activities on mug bean lands have the potential to cause N2O emissions. Efforts to reduce N2O emissions through the selection of low-emission mug bean varieties. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jaken, Pati, Central Java, in July 2018 until October 2018. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with six replications and four mug bean varieties: (1), Gronong (2), Menthik (3), PB and (4), Vima 3. Parameters measured were flux and N2O emissions, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf greenery, weight of 100 seeds, yield of dry beans per tile, and yields. The results of the analysis showes that PB varieties produced N2O emission values for the lowest 1 (one) growing season of 0.17 kg ha-1season-1. Meanwhile, from the results of productivity, the Menthik variety has the highest average yield of dried seeds, which is 1.38 tons ha-1. PB varieties have a higher average weight of 100 seeds (6.28 grams 100 seeds-1). So, in mung bean varieties that produce low emissions, not necessarily have high productivity as well. Greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, especially to reduce N2O emissions can be done by selecting varieties, balanced by good soil treatment, and effective and efficient fertilization.
41
Sun, Wei, Hua Cai, and Yuwei Wang. "Refined Laspeyres Decomposition-Based Analysis of Relationship between Economy and Electric Carbon Productivity from the Provincial Perspective—Development Mode and Policy." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 3426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123426.
Full textAbstract:
The development of low-carbon electric power industry plays a vital role in sustainable economic development due to the supporting role of electricity in the Gross Domestic Product GDP. The electric carbon productivity indicator is introduced to investigate the provincial economic development and electric industry-related indicators. The refined Laspeyres decomposition technique is adopted to decompose provincial economic change into the quantitative influence of CO2 emission, electric carbon productivity, and emission structure for the first-stage decomposition; the electric carbon productivity change is sub-decomposed into the influence of factors such as electricity-economic productivity, electricity import-export, and generation carbon efficiency. Through decomposition analysis for the research period of 2005 to 2015, scientific and reasonable suggestions are made for improvement of electric carbon productivity and provincial economic development: (1) The main obstacle to electric carbon productivity improvement is emissions from the power industry. (2) There is interaction between the green economic development mode and the low-carbon electric power industry. In others words, provincial future economy development mode formulation should consider not only economic and industrial factors but also power industry factors. (3) The issue of electric carbon productivity improvement and regional development mode is partially consistent with geographic locations, which is a comprehensive effect of economy level, power industry, energy resources, technological development level, environmental awareness, etc. (4) Due to the existence of regional protection, provincial local incentives should be promulgated to break the GDP-driven development mode to realize coordination among the economy, power industry, and the environment.
42
Wang, Jingyi, Kaisi Sun, Jiupai Ni, and Deti Xie. "Evaluation and Factor Analysis of Industrial Carbon Emission Efficiency Based on “Green-Technology Efficiency”—The Case of Yangtze River Basin, China." Land 10, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10121408.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of low-carbon development, effectively improving carbon emission efficiency is an inevitable requirement for achieving sustainable economic and social development. Based on panel data of 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), ranging from 2000 to 2019, this paper uses green-technology efficiency to measure industrial carbon emission efficiency via stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) incorporated with carbon productivity. This provides a comprehensive analytical framework for assessing the carbon emission efficiency, quantitatively measuring the reduction potential, and clarifying the incentive channels. The results are as follows: (1) The industrial carbon emission efficiency (ICEE) of YRB presents an increasing trend. Although differences in emission efficiency among provinces and municipalities are narrowing, their emission efficiency is still prominently imbalanced. (2) The potential for reducing industrial carbon emissions in this region shows an upward-to-downward trend. The decline in such potential of each province and municipality in recent years indicates that further reduction is becoming more difficult. (3) Effective means to improve ICEE are to improve the level of industrialization, promote technological innovation in industrial low-carbonization, and raise industrial productivity. Meanwhile, the significant spatial spillover effect of ICEE further emphasizes the necessity of strengthening the coordination of carbon reduction policies in YRB. The research in this paper adds a new perspective to the evaluation of ICEE and also provides reference and technical support for the government to enhance ICEE and formulate green and sustainable development policies.
43
Wang, Yue, Xiaomei Qu, Hui Zhang, Kai Wang, Zhanpeng Qu, Ning Li, and Yufeng Wang. "Dual Environmental Regulation and Carbon Emission Reduction in Pig Breeding Industry: Synergistic Effect or Crowding-Out Effect? Evidence from China." Agriculture 15, no. 7 (April 5, 2025): 787. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15070787.
Full textAbstract:
The prohibition zone policy restricts certain activities in specific areas to protect the environment, while the emission permit policy allows companies to trade emissions permits as a market-based approach to regulation. Can the two policies jointly promote the carbon emission reduction of the pig breeding industry (PBI)? Based on the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2010 to 2020, this paper adopts propensity score matching and multi-period difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) models to study the impact of the dual policy of the prohibition zone and emission permit on the carbon emissions of the PBI. Our theoretical and empirical findings suggest that the dual policy significantly reduces carbon emissions in the PBI. A mediating analysis reveals that industrial structure and government penalties regulate the impact of the dual policy. Further analysis shows that the prohibition zone policy and the emission permit policy play a synergistic role in the impact on the carbon emissions of the PBI. Regional heterogeneity is also explored, indicating that the carbon emission reduction effect is more significant in western China. Policy implementers should fully consider various policies, regional differences, and regulatory factors, formulating complementary policy combinations to jointly promote the green new quality productivity of the PBI.
44
Ingham, Mark N., and Bruno A. R. Vrebos. "High Productivity Geochemical XRF Analysis." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800016281.
Full textAbstract:
XRF has become over the years a method of choice when dealing with elemental analysis of large quantities of samples. Geochemical analysis pushes the technique to its limits because of the large number of samples to be analysed as well as the lower limits of detection required for many trace elements of geochemical and economic importance. The Analytical Geochemistry Group at the British Geological Survey (BGS) has access to a wide variety of methods for instrumental analysis. Instrumental methods for inorganic analysis include x-ray fluorescence as well as DC arc emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). X-ray fluorescence, however, is the technique of choice when it comes to the routine analysis of large numbers of solid samples. The XRF section at BGS currently runs three sequential spectrometers (one PW1480 and two PW2400s made by Philips Analytical X-Ray). In this paper, some aspects of the method of sample preparation and the calibration of the spectrometers for the analysis of the trace elements are discussed.
45
Northrup, Daniel L., Bruno Basso, Michael Q. Wang, Cristine L. S. Morgan, and Philip N. Benfey. "Novel technologies for emission reduction complement conservation agriculture to achieve negative emissions from row-crop production." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 28 (June 21, 2021): e2022666118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022666118.
Full textAbstract:
Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. Because agriculture’s productivity is based on this process, a combination of technologies to reduce emissions and enhance soil carbon storage can allow this sector to achieve net negative emissions while maintaining high productivity. Unfortunately, current row-crop agricultural practice generates about 5% of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States and European Union. To reduce these emissions, significant effort has been focused on changing farm management practices to maximize soil carbon. In contrast, the potential to reduce emissions has largely been neglected. Through a combination of innovations in digital agriculture, crop and microbial genetics, and electrification, we estimate that a 71% (1,744 kg CO2e/ha) reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from row crop agriculture is possible within the next 15 y. Importantly, emission reduction can lower the barrier to broad adoption by proceeding through multiple stages with meaningful improvements that gradually facilitate the transition to net negative practices. Emerging voluntary and regulatory ecosystems services markets will incentivize progress along this transition pathway and guide public and private investments toward technology development. In the difficult quest for net negative emissions, all tools, including emission reduction and soil carbon storage, must be developed to allow agriculture to maintain its critical societal function of provisioning society while, at the same time, generating environmental benefits.
46
Agus, Fahmuddin. "Advancing the Emission Inventory of Peat Decomposition in Indonesian Peatlands." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1421, no. 1 (December 1, 2024): 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1421/1/012004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Indonesia aims to achieve a Forest and Other Land Use (FOLU) Net Sink by 2030. The greatest challenge lies in drained peatlands, significant sources of CO2 emissions from peat decomposition. Attaining net sink or net zero emissions from drained peatlands appears unattainable; thus, the primary goal is substantial emission reduction. The main intervention for peatland emission mitigation involves raising the water table as high as feasible, balancing agricultural productivity and local economic needs. A long-term strategy for emission reduction could involve implementing paludiculture once drained peatlands reach a non-drainable level, or earlier if economically viable alternatives to drained commodities emerge. Development of emission factors, such as linear models correlating average water table levels with CO2 emissions, is well-advanced and crucial for assessing the impact of canal blocking on emission reduction. However, there remains a need for activity data that quantify the area affected and the extent of water table rise due to canal blocks. Such data are essential for Tier 3 assessments of emission reduction and for improving water management strategies in Indonesian peatlands. Therefore, it is recommended to develop a model describing the effects of canal blocking on average area affected and water table rise, supported by comprehensive data compilation and new research aimed at elucidating these relationships. Access to such activity data will facilitate Tier 3 quantification of CO2 emission reductions in restored peatland areas.
47
Han, Dongri, Tuochen Li, Shaosong Feng, and Ziyi Shi. "Application of Threshold Regression Analysis to Study the Impact of Clean Energy Development on China’s Carbon Productivity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (February 7, 2020): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031060.
Full textAbstract:
Facing the pressures of international carbon emission reduction, the transformation into a low-carbon economy has become a common issue of all countries. The core of developing a low-carbon economy is to increase carbon productivity, which can be measured as the economic benefits of unit carbon emissions. Therefore, using province-level panel data in China from 2009 to 2017, we analyze the carbon productivity level of each region, and empirically investigate the threshold effect of clean energy development on carbon productivity under different technological innovation levels. The results show that the carbon productivity is rising, and China’s economic development pattern has been shifting towards low-carbon and sustainable development. Furthermore, the driving force of clean energy development on carbon productivity is not monotonously increasing (decreasing) but is a “double threshold effect” of technological innovation capability. Finally, based on the research conclusions and realistic requirements of China’s low-carbon economic transformation, this paper proposes improving carbon productivity from the aspects of innovation capability improvement and institutional guarantee.
48
Yu, Yao, Ruikai Sun, Yindong Sun, Jinyou Wu, and Wanying Zhu. "China’s Port Carbon Emission Reduction: A Study of Emission-Driven Factors." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2022): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040550.
Full textAbstract:
Ports offer an effective way to facilitate the global economy. However, massive carbon emission during port operating aggravates the atmospheric pollution in port cities. Capturing characteristics of port carbon emission is vital to reduce GHG (greenhouse gas) in the maritime realm as well as to achieve China’s carbon neutral objective. In this work, an integrated framework is proposed for exploring the driving factors of China ports’ emissions combined with stochastic effects on population, affluence and technology regression (STIRPAT), Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) and multiple linear regression (MLR). The port efficiency is estimated for each port and the potential driving factors of carbon emission are explored. The results indicate that port carbon emissions have a strong connection with port throughput, productivity, containerization and intermodal transshipment. It is worth noting that the containerization ratio and port physical facility with fossil-free energy improvement have positively correlated with carbon emissions. However, the specific value of waterborne transshipment shows a complex impact on carbon dioxide emission as the ratio increases. The findings reveal that China port authorities need to improve containerization ratio and develop intermodal transportation; meanwhile, it is responsible for port authorities to update energy use and improve energy efficiency in ways to minimize the proportion of non-green energy consumption in accordance with optimizing port operation management including peak shaving and intelligent management systems under a new horizon of clean energy and automatic equipment.
49
Bordignon, Massimo, and Duccio Gamannossi Gamannossi degl’Innocenti. "Third Time’s a Charm? Assessing the Impact of the Third Phase of the EU ETS on CO2 Emissions and Performance." Sustainability 15, no. 8 (April 8, 2023): 6394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086394.
Full textAbstract:
The EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) is the largest cap-and-trade scheme for CO2 emissions globally. This study evaluates the impact on CO2-equivalents emission of the increased stringency of Phase 3, which marked a significant shift from the previous phases of the EU ETS and significantly reduced the number of emissions permits (EU Allowances—EUA) freely allocated. Our analysis reveals that the increase of purchased EUA had a statistically significant, substantial impact on emissions reduction from Phase 2 to Phase 3, with a decrease in emissions of approximately half a ton for each additional allowance bought. Our (conservative) estimate of the total reduction in emission is 422 MtCO2-eq, 22.5% of the average yearly EU ETS emissions or 4.3–3.0% of emissions in Phases 2 and 3, respectively. Under Article 10c of the ETS directive, lower-income Member States have been allowed to continue the free allocation of EUA to electricity-generating installations during Phase 3 to provide more time and resources for modernization. We show that such derogation had a sizeable and significant detrimental impact on the achievement of emission reduction targets, leading to an increase in emissions of about half a ton for each additional allowance bought; a result that highlights the need for increased efforts on support measures (e.g., the Modernization Fund). We also investigate the impact of the EU ETS on output, capital productivity, and labour productivity. Our analysis indicates that the performances were not negatively impacted by the tightening in regulation that occurred between Phases 2 and 3. We also find no evidence that the derogation status impacted performances, which further ameliorates the concerns about the potential intra-EU competitive distortions induced by the regulation. Our results cast a favourable light on the reduction of the free allocation of EUA and the tightening of the regulation implemented in Phase 4 of the EU ETS.
50
Tunnell, Michael A., and Rebecca M. Brewster. "Energy and Emissions Impacts of Operating Higher-Productivity Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1941, no. 1 (January 2005): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194100113.
Full textAbstract:
The American Transportation Research Institute and Cummins, Inc. teamed up to investigate the energy and emissions impacts from operating commercial vehicles at weights equal to or greater than existing federal limits. Six vehicle configurations and four gross vehicle weights (GVWs) were modeled over a representative route to estimate fuel usage and corresponding tailpipe emissions. The results provide a comparative estimate of the potential energy and emission impacts from operating different vehicle configurations at various weights. When six configurations were modeled over a representative route with the Cummins, Inc., vehicle mission simulation model and a simplified algorithm to estimate emissions, fuel consumption and emissions generally decreased for each ton-mile of freight transported when compared with two standard configuration vehicles at 80,000 lb GVW. With the exception of one configuration, decreases in fuel consumption and emissions per ton-mile were 4% to 19% at 100,000 lb GVW, 15% to 22% at 120,000 lb GVW, and 27% at 140,000 lb GVW. The lone exception was for the heaviest vehicle, which experienced an increase in fuel consumption and emissions per ton-mile at a GVW of 100,000 lb when compared with the two standard configurations. At this weight, the added payload weight was insufficient to offset the additional fuel consumption demands of the heavier vehicle. Other than this exception, operating higher-productivity vehicles to accommodate higher GVWs can be expected to decrease fuel consumption and emissions on a ton-mile basis when compared with standard configuration vehicles at 80,000 lb GVW.