Relevant bibliographies by topics / Emojis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Emojis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Emojis"

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Dirgayasa, I. Wayan. "EMOJI, A BREAKTHROUGH IN CONTEMPORARY COMMUNICATION (A LITERATURE REVIEW)." Journal of Language, Literature, and Teaching 4, no. 2 (November 20, 2022): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35529/jllte.v4i2.63-76.

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It is a fact that emojis are a growing phenomenon in the last few years. They have gained their popularity with their typical varieties in the digital era across countries in the world. The emojis are used among people as a way to assist the process of conveying emotions in textual communication that lacks nonlinguistic cues. Emojis were created and developed as visual mixed expressions of sentiments, attitudes, or moods for use in modern communication technologies. Then, in more broad perspective and context, in term usages, they are also generally perceived that they do not only have unique semantic and emotional features, but also are closely related to many areas such as marketing, law, education, health, etc. This paper reviews the nature of emoji, the developmental history of emojis, the functions of emojis in communication, and the usages of emojis in a real-digital world interaction and communication. Key words: emoji, function of emojis in communication, and the usages of emoji in digital world.
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Weissman, Benjamin. "Peaches and eggplants or. . . something else? The role of context in emoji interpretations." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v4i1.4533.

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This paper presents the results of an experiment designed to measure interpretations of two emojis oft-discussed in popular culture, the eggplant and the peach. The experiment asked people to judge how sexual an emoji-containing text message was. The context surrounding these messages was manipulated across experimental conditions, altering both the preceding discourse and the presence of a sentence-final wink emoji. Unsurprisingly, the baseline interpretation of both the eggplant and peach emoji is euphemism. When one of these emojis is used in a context that strongly biases towards the non-euphemistic interpretation, ratings for sexualness decrease and variability increases. This suggests that participants are still able to access non-euphemistic interpretations of these emojis, but it must be under specific circumstances and will nonetheless come with a high degree of variability. Wink emojis added to messages containing non-euphemistic food emojis were also rated as more highly sexual (albeit still low on the rating scale), indicating an affective role for this emoji.
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Hu, Tianran, Han Guo, Hao Sun, Thuy-vy Nguyen, and Jiebo Luo. "Spice Up Your Chat: The Intentions and Sentiment Effects of Using Emojis." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 11, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v11i1.14869.

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Emojis, as a new way of conveying nonverbal cues, are widely adopted in computer-mediated communications. In this paper, first from a message sender perspective, we focus on people's motives in using four types of emojis — positive, neutral, negative, and non-facial. We compare the willingness levels of using these emoji types for seven typical intentions that people usually apply nonverbal cues for in communication. The results of extensive statistical hypothesis tests not only report the popularities of the intentions, but also uncover the subtle differences between emoji types in terms of intended uses. Second, from a perspective of message recipients, we further study the sentiment effects of emojis, as well as their duplications, on verbal messages. Different from previous studies in emoji sentiment, we study the sentiments of emojis and their contexts as a whole. The experiment results indicate that the powers of conveying sentiment are different between four emoji types, and the sentiment effects of emojis vary in the contexts of different valences.
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Murthy, Dhiraj, Sabitha Sudarshan, Jung-Ah Lee, Charulata Ghosh, Pratik Shah, Wei-Jie Xiao, Ishank Arora, Clive Unger, and Amelia Acker. "Understanding the meaning of emoji in mobile social payments: Exploring the use of mobile payments as hedonic versus utilitarian through skin tone modified emoji usage." Big Data & Society 7, no. 2 (July 2020): 205395172094956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951720949564.

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Despite research establishing emojis as sites of critical racial discourse, there is a paucity of literature examining their importance in the increasingly popular context of mobile payments. This is particularly important as new forms of social payment platforms such as Venmo bridge the seamlessness of mobile payments with the vibrant communicative practices of social networks. As such, they provide a unique medium to examine how emojis are used within the context of digital consumption, and by extension, self-representation. This study analyzes approximately 325 million public transactions on the U.S. payment platform Venmo to understand whether emoji usage in mobile payments is more hedonic or utilitarian. We then explore how race is represented across emoji usage on Venmo via tone-modified emojis, a subset of emojis whereby users can choose a skin tone. We found that while emojis in general are used for more hedonic purposes than utilitarian ones, darker tone-modified emojis indicate a proportionately higher use in hedonic consumption as compared to lighter tone-modified emojis, and also show a higher representation of utilitarian categories in transactions. Thematic analysis revealed that subsets with darker tone-modified emojis have a greater lexical variety and engage in more playful uses of emoji in mobile payments
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Tomihira, Toshiki, Atsushi Otsuka, Akihiro Yamashita, and Tetsuji Satoh. "Multilingual emoji prediction using BERT for sentiment analysis." International Journal of Web Information Systems 16, no. 3 (September 21, 2020): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-09-2019-0042.

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Purpose Recently, Unicode has been standardized with the penetration of social networking services, the use of emojis has become common. Emojis, as they are also known, are most effective in expressing emotions in sentences. Sentiment analysis in natural language processing manually labels emotions for sentences. The authors can predict sentiment using emoji of text posted on social media without labeling manually. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new model that learns from sentences using emojis as labels, collecting English and Japanese tweets from Twitter as the corpus. The authors verify and compare multiple models based on attention long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). Design/methodology/approach The authors collected 2,661 kinds of emoji registered as Unicode characters from tweets using Twitter application programming interface. It is a total of 6,149,410 tweets in Japanese. First, the authors visualized a vector space produced by the emojis by Word2Vec. In addition, the authors found that emojis and similar meaning words of emojis are adjacent and verify that emoji can be used for sentiment analysis. Second, it involves entering a line of tweets containing emojis, learning and testing with that emoji as a label. The authors compared the BERT model with the conventional models [CNN, FastText and Attention bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM)] that were high scores in the previous study. Findings Visualized the vector space of Word2Vec, the authors found that emojis and similar meaning words of emojis are adjacent and verify that emoji can be used for sentiment analysis. The authors obtained a higher score with BERT models compared to the conventional model. Therefore, the sophisticated experiments demonstrate that they improved the score over the conventional model in two languages. General emoji prediction is greatly influenced by context. In addition, the score may be lowered due to a misunderstanding of meaning. By using BERT based on a bi-directional transformer, the authors can consider the context. Practical implications The authors can find emoji in the output words by typing a word using an input method editor (IME). The current IME only considers the most latest inputted word, although it is possible to recommend emojis considering the context of the inputted sentence in this study. Therefore, the research can be used to improve IME performance in the future. Originality/value In the paper, the authors focus on multilingual emoji prediction. This is the first attempt of comparison at emoji prediction between Japanese and English. In addition, it is also the first attempt to use the BERT model based on the transformer for predicting limited emojis although the transformer is known to be effective for various NLP tasks. The authors found that a bidirectional transformer is suitable for emoji prediction.
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Santos, Luana, Natália Alencar, Jéssica Rodrigues, Aline Gonçalves, and Felipe Trombete. "Proposal of two facial scales using emojis as tools to understand emotions in research with Brazilian consumers." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 44 (January 12, 2022): e56610. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v44i1.56610.

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Emojis are used in digital communication to express feelings and emotions and are commonly used on social media platforms. Research aiming to interpret the meaning of facial emojis is needed and should consider differences among several characteristics as the cultural aspects across different countries. This study aimed to assess the meaning of emojis by Brazilians and create two facial scales that can be used in later research with applications of emojis in consumer studies and sensory analysis of food and beverages. The associations between emotions and emojis were evaluated by 132 participants from Brazil using 39 descriptive terms and 33 facial emojis through a modified Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) questionnaire. The overall average of emoji associations for each CATA term varied from 1.1 to 4.3, demonstrating that the associations varied a lot, depending on the emotion. In this way, it was possible to obtain a group of emotions with a strong association with one emoji (n=15); a second group with a strong association with more than one emoji (n=8), and; a third group with weak associations (n=16). The emojis from the first and second groups were used to make a chart with 14 emojis to be used in consumer research with Brazilian consumers and also a 5-point facial scale of intensity to be used in sensory analysis with food and beverages.
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Sabri, Ahmad Fakrusy Syakirin Ahmad, Siti Zanariah Yusoff, and Isyaku Hassan. "Exploring emoji as a viable cultural tool in WhatsApp communications among Malaysian undergraduates." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3D (October 13, 2021): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173d1727p.351-362.

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An emoji is a form of a symbol in communication available on almost all social media platforms. Its convenience brings potential implications for its usage in digital communication. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of emojis in WhatsApp communication and the influence of culture on emoji usage among undergraduates in Malaysia. The study employed a qualitative approach in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight undergraduates of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA). The data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Overall, the findings revealed that emojis increase communication efficiency. The participants have positive attitudes towards emoji usage. They describe emojis as viable symbols that help them to maintain social relations and express feelings. Additionally, the findings showed that Malaysian culture influences emoji communication by promoting harmony and relationships as well as instilling high context values in emoji usage. This research concludes that emojis can influence WhatsApp Communication positively if utilized correctly.
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Gao, Biao, Xingxing Wang, and Han Liu. "An Empirical Study on the Communication and Usage Psychology of Emoji in Wechat." OBM Neurobiology 06, no. 04 (October 17, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204142.

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As an indispensable active atmosphere and meaningful emotional expression in social media, emojis describe the emotions of users in specific situations in a funny, humorous, euphemistic, and implicit form and attract users to use them consciously or unconsciously with their quick and convenient features. Currently, the research on the psychology of emoji usage is mostly from the perspective of users, while neglecting the essential attributes of emojis. The purpose of this study was to investigate and summarize the multi-dimensional factors that affect the communication and usage of emojis and to elucidate the influence of the essential attributes of emojis on their use. This study took the users of WeChat (the most widely used instant messaging app in China) as the research object. Data were collected utilizing semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. SPSS 25.0 software was applied to conduct exploratory factor analysis on relevant data to explore and summarize several dimensions of WeChat users’ emoji communication and usage psychology. The results showed that gender, age, education, and occupation were important factors affecting the usage and communication of emojis. The psychology of emoji usage had multi-dimensional characteristics and according to the self-determination theory, it could be divided into internal and external factors. The internal factors included information, efficiency, and entertainment, and the external factors included communicativeness, culture, image, fuzziness, and context. Notably, the influence of fuzziness on the psychology of emoji usage has described the critical role of the essential attributes of emojis, which complemented the neglect of the fuzziness of emoji in previous studies, which might provide a direction for the design of emojis.
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Mudure-Iacob, Ioana. "Mapping Language Learning With Emojis: From Phatic Communication to Idioms and Flash Fiction." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 67, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.4.14.

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"Mapping Language Learning with Emojis: From Phatic Communication to Idioms and Flash Fiction. By roaming around digital resources in search of a customised learning approach, language learners often identify as netizens accustomed to a coded Internet language which is rarely juxtaposed with the language taught in the ESP classroom. To keep pace with shifting trends in online communication, teachers often need to expand the discursive membership by empowering learners to turn from users into content creators. By referring to the potential of using emojis in the framework of speech acts, the current paper aims to indicate directions of embedding emojis as social marking tokens and instruments of developing language and digital literacy skills in the foreign language class. The process of embedding emojis in language teaching stems from the integration of emoji as markers in the teaching of phatic communication, to reinforce the locutionary and illocutionary act of speech. Moreover, emojis can be used as an extension of teaching idioms, whereas the illocutionary and perlocutionary function of emoji is explored in interactive vocabulary practice tasks or within gamified sequences. Eventually, using emojis as perlocutionary acts in language learning is applied to storytelling as a mechanism of developing a multiliterate discourse, by means of which learners are introduced to writing emoji stories and flash fictions and then to translating them into words. Keywords: emojis, content creators, speech acts, multimodality, participatory culture "
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Częstochowska, Justyna, Kristina Gligorić, Maxime Peyrard, Yann Mentha, Michał Bień, Andrea Grütter, Anita Auer, Aris Xanthos, and Robert West. "On the Context-Free Ambiguity of Emoji." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 16 (May 31, 2022): 1388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19393.

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Due to their pictographic nature, emojis come with baked-in, grounded semantics. Although this makes emojis promising candidates for new forms of more accessible communication, it is still unknown to what degree humans agree on the inherent meaning of emojis when encountering them outside of concrete textual contexts. To bridge this gap, we collected a crowdsourced dataset (made publicly available) of one-word descriptions for 1,289 emojis presented to participants with no surrounding text. The emojis and their interpretations were then examined for ambiguity. We find that, with 30 annotations per emoji, 16 emojis (1.2%) are completely unambiguous, whereas 55 emojis (4.3%) are so ambiguous that the variation in their descriptions is as high as that in randomly chosen descriptions. Most emojis lie between these two extremes. Furthermore, investigating the ambiguity of different types of emojis, we find that emojis representing symbols from established, yet not cross-culturally familiar code books (e.g., zodiac signs, Chinese characters) are most ambiguous. We conclude by discussing design implications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Emojis"

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Nyberg, Altman Sophia. "Avtalsbunden genom emojis? : Om digitala uttryckssymboler som tolkningsdata för avtalsbundenhet." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74977.

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I uppsatsen har behandlats vilka förutsättningar det finns enligt svensk rätt för avtalsbundenhetatt uppstå genom kommunikation baserat på emojier. För att uppnå uppsatsens syfte har utretts(1) hur avtalsmekanismen fungerar traditionellt och digitalt, (2) om det finns tillbörligaalternativa former för avtalsslut, (3) hur emojin ter sig som tolkningsdata för avtalsbundenhetoch (4) om avtalstolkning kan reda ut eventuella svårigheter i att tolka emojin. Eftersom svaretpå uppsatsens syfte ej har gått att finna direkt i rättskällorna har endast svarsförslag kunnatpresenteras. I diskussonen har redogjorts för att att emojin som bärare av data, med en vissosäkerhet för tydlighetsrekvisitet, tycks kunna uppfylla rekvisiten för rättshandlingar. Vidarehar föreslagits att avtalstolkning hjälpa till att fylla ut eventuella hål i förståelsen. Vidare harsvarsförslaget beskrivit att det verkar finnas utrymme för att kommunikation med emojier kanleda till avtalsbundenhet och att om konkludent handlande eller konkludent handlande ikombination med passivitet föreligger ökar den möjligheten ytterligare.
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Johansson, Linda. "Emojis, en del av undervisningen? : En undersökning om emojis som verktyg i undervisning." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84528.

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An experimental study to investigate if it´s possible to use emojis as a tool in education in primary school to encourage students in their writing- and reading learning. Especially with consideration to students with Swedish as a second language and furthermore students who has trouble with their development in reading and writing. Besides that, is the purpose of the study to find out the frequency of emojis among primary students, mainly grades F-3.The investigation performs through an experimental field study in combination with a survey. The results shows that it is in fact very stimulating for children in primary schoolto use emojis in their reading and writing development progress. Furthermore, it is also shown that the test-material is appreciated among the teachers who used it and the can imagen to use emojis as a tool in their teaching when they also believe that the language of emojis is becoming more frequent among students, and they are highly possible to meet these symbols in their everyday life in the future. This frequency of emojis in primaryschool is also supported by the survey.
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Thunberg, Katarina. "Emojis har betydelse! : En kvalitativ studie om hur emojis upplevs i textlig kommunikation." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74932.

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Syftet med studien var att undersöka människors upplevelser av emojis i textlig kommunikation. I studien tillämpades en kvalitativ metod för undersökningen i form av Braun och Clarkes (2006) Tematiska analys. Datainsamlingen bestod av tre fokusgrupper med fyra deltagare i varje grupp, varav elva deltagare var kvinnor och en delatagare var man. Den Tematiska analysen genererade tre teman: Första temat Emojikodens trygghet och osäkerhet beskriver deltagarna känslan av trygghet genom användning av specifika emojis som skapar en kod för att hantera olika relationer. Emojikoden kan även skapa osäkerhet då en relation utvecklas eftersom emojis kan tolkas på olika sätt. Andra temat Emojis förstärker eller mildrar budskap beskriver hur emojis upplevs påverka innebörden av budskapet. Det sista temat Emojis ersätter känslors ord beskriver effektiviteten genom emojis i textlig kommunikation men som också kan resultera i en överdrift. Emojis i textlig kommunikation är av stor betydelse då effekten av att använda den upplevs som möjligt att hantera relationer relationer och sociala roller. Hantering av relationer och sociala roller är viktigt för att stärka självkänslan och bibehålla självbilden.
The purpose of the study was to investigate people`s experiences of emojis in textual communication. The study used qualitative method for the study in the form of Braun and Clarkes (2006) Thematic analysis. The data collection consisted of three focus groups with four participants in each group, of witch eleven particpants were woman and one particpant was male. The Thematic analysis generated three themes: First theme The secuarity and uncertainty of the emojicode describes the particpants sense of security through the use of specific emojis that create a code to manage different relationship. The emojicode can also create uncertainty as a relationship developes because emojis can be interpreted in different ways. Other themes Emoji reinforce or mitigate messages describe how emojis are perceived to affect the meaning of the message. The last theme of Emoji replaces the words of emotion describing the effectiveness of emojis in textual communication but can also result in an exaggeration. Emoji in textual communication is of great importance as the effect of using them is perceived as possible to manage relationships and social roles. Managing relationships and social roles is important for strengthening self-esteem and maintaining self-image.
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Pattarello, Elisa <1995&gt. ""Díselo con un emoji". Estudio de los emojis como forma de comunicación e implicaciones didácticas." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15514.

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La tesi mira allo studio degli "Emojis" intesi come strumento di comunicazione in un mondo che sempre di più si affida alla tecnologia digitale per lo scambio di messaggi. In particolare, la ricerca si focalizza sull'uso, funzione e scopo degli "emojis" all'interno di un contesto ben definito: la celebre applicazione "WhatsApp". Il lavoro è suddiviso in tre parti: nella prima parte, si delineano le coordinate teoriche relative all'oggetto di studio e si presenta lo strumento d'indagine, ossia un questionario, in formato elettronico, somministrato ad un campione di 150 persone; nella seconda parte, vengono esposti ed analizzati i risultati ottenuti con l'aiuto di grafici; infine, nella terza parte, si presenta un possibile lavoro glottodidattico costruito a partire dai dati ottenuti riguardanti le funzioni linguistiche (e non) degli "emojis". Seguiranno poi le conclusioni finali.
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Rupar, Stefan. "The different functions of emojis : The pragmatic use of five emojis in London and New York." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71785.

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Emojis are useful and efficient tools in computer-mediated communication. The present study aims to find out how English-speaking Twitter users employ five specific emojis, and if they utilize them for the same pragmatic functions. The five emojis were chosen based on earlier research on the subject. One of them was deemed unambiguous and four were deemed ambiguous in previous studies. To investigate whether these emojis are ambiguous and if they are used for several pragmatic functions, a corpus was made by collecting tweets from Twitter. 100 tweets were gathered for each emoji: 50 from New York and 50 from London. Each tweet was analyzed in order to see what function the emoji served in each tweet. Another objective was to find out if cultural differences had any importance for the pragmatic function of the emojis. Three of the four emojis that had been deemed ambiguous by previous research were considered to be ambiguous in the present study as well, as they displayed a multitude of different pragmatic meanings. The single emoji that was considered to be unambiguous by previous research, was used in a consistent manner in the present study, which confirmed the theory that it truly is unambiguous. The results also showed that cultural influences do play a role in how people use emojis for different pragmatic functions.
Emojis är användbara och effektiva verktyg i digital kommunikation. Denna undersökning syftar till att ta reda på hur engelsktalande Twitter-användare använder fem specifika emojis, och om de utnyttjar dem för att förmedla samma pragmatiska funktioner. Fem emojis valdes utifrån tidigare forskning i ämnet; en av dem ansågs entydig och fyra ansågs tvetydiga i tidigare studier. För att undersöka om dessa emojis är tvetydiga, och om de används för flera pragmatiska funktioner, gjordes en corpus genom att samla in tweets från Twitter. 100 tweets samlades in för varje emoji; 50 från New York och 50 från London. Varje tweet analyserades för att se vilken funktion emojin hade i varje tweet. Ett annat syfte var att ta reda på om kulturella skillnader har någon betydelse för vilken pragmatisk funktion emojin tjänar. Tre av de fyra emojis som i tidigare forskning ansetts vara tvetydiga kan betraktas som tvetydiga även i denna studie, eftersom de visade på en mängd olika pragmatiska betydelser. Den emoji som ansågs vara otvetydig i tidigare forskning visade sig användas på ett konsekvent sätt även i denna studie, vilket bekräftar teorin om att den verkligen är entydig. Resultaten av denna studie visade även att det finns en kulturell påverkan på hur människor använder emojis för olika pragmatiska funktioner.
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Lithander, Dennis, and Frida Hylin. "Emojis, brobyggare mellan människor eller bara onödigt grafiskt element? : En användarstudie om emojis betydelse för textad digital kommunikation." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43972.

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Emojis anses av många vara en viktig komponent för att ge digitala konversationer en känslomässig nyansering och bidrar med tonalitet. Användning och uppfattning av dessa symboler kan variera och i denna uppsats undersöker vi om detta beror på ålder, emojis design eller om det påverkas av andra faktorer. Vi har utfört en enkätundersökning för att undersöka hur människor använder emojis. Här frågade vi vilka enheter och plattformar används regelbundet vid digitala konversationer i dagens läge, i vilka sammanhang emojis används ochom emojis utformning bidrar till en varierad användning av dessa. Vidare har vi genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med femton respondenter för att få djupgående svar om deltagarna anser att emojis används på olika sätt beroende på olika åldersspann mellan olika parterna, huruvida digitala kanaler kan påverka användningen av emojis samt vilka övriga faktorer som kan påverka både användning och uppfattning av emojis. Resultatet vi fick av denna studie tyder på att skillnader i användningen av emojis främst styrs av vilken relation finns mellan olika parterna, samt huruvida det existerar en åldersskillnad mellan dem. Yngre tenderar att använda ovanligare emojis oftare samt verkar mer benägna att testa nya emojis och nya plattformar, medan äldre individer i vår studie främst använder tydligare emojis på välbekanta plattformar för att inte riskera att misstolkas. Vidare kan olika plattformar avgöra hur användningen av emojis förefaller då samtliga tjänster har individuella tolkningar och betydelser på hur utformningen av emojis ska se ut.
Emojis are by many considered to be an important component in giving digital conversations an emotional nuance as well as tonality. The use and perception of these symbols can vary and in this study we investigate whether its usage depends on the users age, the design of the chosen emoji or if it’s due to other factors. We have conducted a survey to investigate how people use emoji, which devices and platforms are used in digital conversations and whether the design of emoji contributes to a varied use of them. Furthermore, we also conducted semi-structured interviews with fifteen respondents to get in-depth answers about whether the participants use emojis in different ways depending on different age ranges between separate parties, whether digital channels can affect the use of them and what other factors can affect both use and perception of emojis. The results we obtained from this study indicate that differences in the use of emojis are mainly governed by the relationship between the different parties, and that it matters whether there is an age difference between them. Younger people tend to use more unusual emojis more often and seem more willing to try new emojis and platforms, while older individuals mainly use plainer emojis on familiar platforms as they do not want to risk being misinterpreted. Furthermore, different platforms can determine how the use of emojis appears, as all services come with individual interpretations of what the design of emojis looks like and what they mean.
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Törnqvist, Berg Dennis, and Mikaela André. "Emojis - det artificiella språket mellan varumärken och människor : En studie om hur varumärken kommunicerar med emojis på sociala medier." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78389.

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Emojis har blivit så vanligt och förankrat i vardagskommunikationen att under år 2015 utsåg Oxford Dictionary emojin “Face with Tears of Joy” till årets ord. Emojis är ett relativt nytt kommunikationsmedel som växt i takt med ett mer digitalt och uppkopplat samhälle där en stor del av kommunikationen sker via sociala medier. Dessa digitala kommunikationskanaler tillgängliggör inte enbart möjligheten för människor att kommunicera med varandra utan skapar också ett nytt sätt för företag att nå ut till sina målgrupper. Tidigare forskning (Giannoulis & Wilde, 2019) har undersökt hur emojis kan fullständiggöra den privata kommunikationen mellan människor. Mot bakgrund av detta kommer denna studie undersöka och skapa en förståelse för hur emojis används i kommunikationen mellan varumärken och människor på Instagram, som är den näst största plattformen i skrivande stund. Fokus för studien är att undersöka hur emojis används i kommunikationen hos tre separata dryckesvarumärken som Lohilo, Loka samt Löfberg - men också om det kan kopplas till deras varumärkesidentitet och innehållet som kommuniceras på deras konton på Instagram. För att få en grundläggande förståelse för emojis som kommunikativt verktyg och dess inverkan på digital kommunikation kopplas teorier in om semiotiken av emojis. Vidare för att knyta an till varumärkesidentitet appliceras varumärkesteorier. Slutligen används teorier för att förstå innebörden av den digitala kommunikationens roll i interaktionen mellan människor och varumärken. Genom en kvantitativ innehållsanalys kommer data samlas in från totalt 330 analysenheter för att undersökas, redovisas och slutligen analyseras. Analysenheterna för studien är Instagraminlägg från varumärkenas egna konton mellan år 2018 och 2019. Det slutgiltiga resultatet visade att emojis är en stor del av företagens kommunikation och att vardera företag använde sig främst av olika kategorier av emojis. Resultatet talar även för att den enskilda varumärkesidentiteten kan ha en inverkan på vilka emojis som används samt att emojis förekommer till stor grad i de inläggen som vill skapa engagemang från mottagarna. Emojis kan slutligen ses som ett verktyg för företag att kunna skapa en mänsklig ton i en digital kommunikation.
The use of emoji has become a common part in our everyday communication. Oxford Dictionary selected the emoji "Face with Tears of Joy" to represent the word of the year 2015. Emoji is a relatively new tool of communication that has grown in a more digital society, where a massive part of our communication takes place through social media. Digital communication channels make people able to communicate with each other online, but also make it possible for companies to reach out and to communicate with their target groups. Previous research (Giannoulis & Wilde, 2019) has investigated how emojis can complete the private communication between people. The aim of this study is to investigate and create a wider understanding of how emojis are used in brand-to-person communication on Instagram, which is the second largest social media platform at the time of writing. The focus of the study is to investigate how emojis are used in the digital communication within three separate beverage brands such as Lohilo, Loka and Löfbergs - but also determine whether the emojis can be linked to their brand identity and what is communicated on their channels. Bibliographies, previous research and theories as Semiotics of Emojis will be used in order to gain a basic understanding of emojis as a communicative tool and its impact on digital communication. Secondly, with a clarification of the term brand and to be able to explore brand identity, we will apply brand theories. Finally, theories are used to understand the role of digital communication in the interaction and communication between people and brands. Data from a total of 330 analytical units are collected to be investigated, reported and finally analyzed through a quantitative content analysis. The analysis units for the study are Instagram posts from the brands own accounts between the years of 2018 and 2019. The final result from the study showed that emojis are a major part of corporate communication and that each company used mainly different categories of emojis. The results also indicated that the individual brand identity may have a certain impact of which emojis are used and that emojis are used to a large extent by the brands when the aim is to create engagement from the receivers of their message. Finally, emojis can be seen as a tool for companies to be able to create a human tone or presence in digital communication.
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Li, Mengdi. "Twitter sentiment analysis in the era of emojis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52019/.

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Twitter has become an important site for national discussions where we can get a new and timely update of the public opinion towards any event. Twitter Sentiment Analysis (TSA) can be an effective method for unpacking the deep insights embodied within the opinions of the public. Recently, various TSA techniques have been developed, but little consideration has gone into emojis, which is a new invention and has been popularly shared by Twitter users from different countries, with various demographic characteristics, and diverse cultural backgrounds. The ubiquitous adoption of emojis on Twitter provides new opportunities to analyse sentiment expressions in a textual context. Emojis should be included when conducting TSA as the meaning of a Twitter post and its sentiment can be identified with greater clarity and accuracy with emojis. This research aims to develop novel approaches that handle emojis properly and tackle current open issues in TSA. Consisting of four phases, this thesis presents a comprehensive and in-depth research work in the field of Emoji Analytics and TSA. Several studies have been conducted to investigate emoji usage on Twitter and evaluate their effects on TSA. The experimental results demonstrate that emojis has become an essential component of Twitter communication and it is an important area of study complementary to TSA, implying promising future research opportunities for TSA. A novel TSA methodological framework that collects, pre-processes, analyses and maps citizen sentiments from Twitter in helping learn citizens’ moods has been implemented and proved to be effective. The novel framework identifies the best setting for TSA when involving emojis, and proposes an effective emoji training heuristic, which is feasible for both ternary and multi-class classification of tweets. Besides, it innovatively includes the visualisation of user-generated contents in a location-based manner on geographical maps, which provides a much easier-to-understand visual representation of the sentiment. The methodological framework has been proved applicable in real-world scenarios and can be used to support research in other fields. Being the first to consider popularity of emojis on Twitter and include them in performing TSA, this research is considered to be a pioneering work in the field, suggesting a new direction for TSA in the era of emojis.
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ANDRAL, Mélanie, and Axelle LARROQUE. "The emojis consumer perception in the online advertising." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32022.

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Title: The emojis consumer perception in the online advertising Research question: How consumers perceive emojis in online advertisement? Supervisor: Venilton Reinert Course: Strategic Marketing with Independent Project Keywords: Emojis, brand image, digital marketing, perception, online advertisement Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyse the consumer’s perception regarding brands using emojis in their online communication strategy. The purpose is also to understand the profit that could earn brands by using emojis and what they can add to the brand image. Methodology: Quantitative survey has been created to answer the research question. We have used a questionnaire with the use of a non-random sampling by convenience. Three hundred eighty-two people were answering closed and multiple-choice questions in order to quantify the weight of emojis in consumer’s mind. Findings: The results of the survey show that women from 15-25 years old are the most positive receptive group regarding brands using emojis. In addition, using emojis is a good way to improve the brand image but companies have to adapt the strategy depending on the target. Most of the respondents have a positive image about emojis but it doesn’t mean that it influences their willingness to consume a specific brand rather than another. Research limitation: Information is pretty hard to find because of the fact that the emojis topic is really recent. It is complicated to find data and reliable sources about it. Moreover, the sampling we used is not representative of the whole population, so it is not obvious to generalize the findings. Finally, to complete our survey, it would have been interesting to conduct a qualitative study in parallel to go deeper in the analysis of perception.
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Adams, Jonna. "Emojis : Carriers of Culture and Symbols of Identity." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22493.

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The study explored how the use of Emojis – beyond being used just as playful joke markers and tone-setters – shape culture and identity within a community of practice. Through the means of two qualitative Focus Group interviews involving ten members from a local soccer team, the purpose was to examine in-depth participants’ motivations for using Emojis, and their feelings about the Emojis that they receive both within and outside their community. Results showed that Emojis – irrespective of shape – are understood as signs representing an individual’s inner positive energy and good will; when such signs are used regularly within a community, this contributes to that the community culture emerge as positive and friendly. Expanding on these findings, results also illustrated that Emojis are perceived as symbols of likeness towards the group and that they contribute to the shaping of open and permissive culture in which emotions are allowed to flow freely – an effect which seem to be transferred to their offline environment too. Drawing from theories of Cultural Psychology and Cultural Semiotics, the thesis presents an innovative view of Emojis as both products as well as producers of culture; products because they are graphic representations of emotions which become meaningful cultural signs when posted online, and producers because they affect members’ perception of reality within the community of practice. The thesis also conclude that the use of Emojis is closely linked to personality and identity; as identities are continuously shaped through the symbolic association of Emojis, this affect not only how members of a community perceive the individuals using them, but also how we perceive the community in which these identities circulate and operate. This finding paved the way for interesting future studies on personal identity building through Emoji use.
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Books on the topic "Emojis"

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Emojis: The secret behind the smile. London: Dog 'n' Bone Books, an imprint of Ryland Peters & Small Ltd., 2015.

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Yi, Sŏn-yŏng. Imot'ik'on k'ŏmyunik'eisyŏn. Sŏul-si: K'ŏmyunik'eisyŏn Puksŭ, 2021.

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author, Goldwasser Orly, Ben-Tor Daphna author, Rindi-Nuzzolo Carlo author, Wimmer Stefan author, Kuris Y. editor translator, and Muzeʼon Yiśraʼel (Jerusalem), eds. Imoglifim: Mikhtav ha-ḥarṭumim le-imog'i. Yerushalayim: Muzeʼon Yiśraʼel, 2019.

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translator, Benovitz Nancy, Goldwasser Orly author, Ben-Tor Daphna author, Rindi-Nuzzolo Carlo author, Wimmer Stefan author, and Muzeʼon Yiśraʼel (Jerusalem), eds. Emoglyphs: Picture-writing from hieroglyphs to the emoji. Jerusalem: The Israel Museum, 2019.

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Page, Les. Emojis. Tarquin Publications, 2020.

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Pearlman, R. Movie Emojis. Universe Publishing, 2021.

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Calling All Emojis: Joke Book and Emoji Translator. Simon Spotlight, 2017.

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Gonzalez, Gemma. Emojis Coloring Book: An Emojis Coloring Book for Adults. Independently Published, 2018.

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Kimura, Rhonda, and Carrie Hyatt. God-Sized Emojis. Write For Kids, 2021.

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Kimura, Rhonda, and Carrie Hyatt. God-Sized Emojis. Write For Kids, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Emojis"

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Krankenhagen, Stefan. "1996. Smileys/Emojis." In All these things, 291–310. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05830-0_13.

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Li, Wenwen, and Michael Chau. "Color Trend Forecasting with Emojis." In The Ecosystem of e-Business: Technologies, Stakeholders, and Connections, 171–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22784-5_17.

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Lal, Sangeeta, Niyati Aggrawal, Anshul Jain, Ali Khan, Vatsal Tiwari, and Amnpreet Kaur. "SentEmojis: Sentiment Classification Using Emojis." In Algorithms for Intelligent Systems, 293–300. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4936-6_33.

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Subramanian, Jayashree, Varun Sridharan, Kai Shu, and Huan Liu. "Exploiting Emojis for Sarcasm Detection." In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling, 70–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21741-9_8.

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Bremer, Nadieh, and Shirley Wu. "Putting Emojis on the President’s Face." In Data Sketches, 132–47. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020. | Series: AK Peters visualization series: A K Peters/CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429445019-12.

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Lau, Helena Yan Ping, and Sophia Yat Mei Lee. "The Interplay Between Emojis and Linguistic Text." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 108–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81197-6_10.

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Duarte, Luis, Luís Macedo, and Hugo Gonçalo Oliveira. "Exploring Emojis for Emotion Recognition in Portuguese Text." In Progress in Artificial Intelligence, 719–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30244-3_59.

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Kraus, Lydia, Robert Schmidt, Marcel Walch, Florian Schaub, and Sebastian Möller. "On the Use of Emojis in Mobile Authentication." In ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection, 265–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58469-0_18.

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Maram, Balajee, B. Srinivas Kumar, and P. Swaroopni. "Sentimental Analysis with Emojis by Using Machine Learning." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 583–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4687-5_45.

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Alsaif, Hasan, Phil Roesch, and Salem Othman. "Analyzing Co-occurrence Networks of Emojis on Twitter." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 80–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80126-7_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Emojis"

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"Emoji Identification and Prediction in Hebrew Political Corpus." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4346.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: Any system that aims to address the task of modeling social media communication need to deal with the usage of emojis. Efficient prediction of the most likely emoji given the text of a message may help to improve different NLP tasks. Background: We explore two tasks: emoji identification and emoji prediction. While emoji prediction is a classification task of predicting the emojis that appear in a given text message, emoji identification is the complementary preceding task of determining if a given text message includes emojies. Methodology: We adopt a supervised Machine Learning (ML) approach. We compare two text representation approaches, i.e., n-grams and character n-grams and analyze the contribution of additional metadata features to the classification. Contribution: The task of emoji identification is novel. We extend the definition of the emoji prediction task by allowing to use not only the textual content but also meta-data analysis. Findings: Metadata improve the classification accuracy in the task of emoji identification. In the task of emoji prediction it is better to apply feature selection. Recommendations for Practitioners: In many of the cases the classifier decision seems fitter to the comment con-tent than the emoji that was chosen by the commentator. The classifier may be useful for emoji suggestion. Recommendations for Researchers: Explore character-based representations rather than word-based representations in the case of morphologically rich languages. Impact on Society: Improve the modeling of social media communication. Future Research: We plan to address the multi-label setting of the emoji prediction task and to investigate the deep learning approach for both of our classification tasks.
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Lachuk, Amy. ""I Heart Emojis": Emoji Text Messaging as Linguistic Performance." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1434880.

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Barbieri, Francesco, Miguel Ballesteros, and Horacio Saggion. "Are Emojis Predictable?" In Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Volume 2, Short Papers. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/e17-2017.

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Adolphe, Lauren, Georgia D. Van de Zande, David Wallace, and Alison Olechowski. "Analysis of Virtual Communication Within Engineering Design Teams and its Impact on Team Effectiveness." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22736.

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Abstract Online communication and collaboration tools are changing the way teams design products. The tools also generate a rich data source from which to study trends in communication. This paper focuses on how engineering teams utilize Slack, a popular team messaging software platform. We aim to better understand communication and coordination in product design teams via analysis of team social network dynamics, unique patterns of chat-like messaging (emoji usage), and the evolution of communication topics over time. Our study analyzes the online interactions of 32 teams, sent during a 3-month senior undergraduate product design course. These 400,000+ messages represent the team communications from 4 years of teams, with 17–20 students per team. We find that 1) Slack communications resulted in high density network maps, 2) network analysis of teams reveals that leaders have more central positions in the network, 3) strong teams have lower average centrality among members, equivalent to less public channel membership per person, 4) stronger teams use emojis at a higher rate, and 5) emojis are used most by leaders and highly connected members. These findings represent preliminary foundations for best practices in online messaging, which may lead to more effective collaboration in product design.
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Afonso, A. G., L. Bragança, A. Couto, S. Miccoli, M. Padovani, and A. Fatah gen Schieck. "Emojis on the facade." In PerDis '17: 6th International Symposium on Pervasive Displays. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3078810.3084354.

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Barbieri, Francesco, German Kruszewski, Francesco Ronzano, and Horacio Saggion. "How Cosmopolitan Are Emojis?" In MM '16: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2964284.2967278.

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De Paula, Hildon, Bruno Souza, Fabíola Nakamura, and Eduardo Nakamura. "Quantificando a Importância de Emojis e Emoticons para Identificação de Polaridade em Avaliações Online." In XIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Colaborativos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbsc.2017.9962.

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Ambientes virtuais como lojas online de produtos e serviços (e.g. Amazon, Google Play, Booking) adotam uma estratégia colaborativa de avaliação e reputação onde os usuários classificam os produtos e serviços. A opinião do usuário representa o grau seu de satisfação em relação ao item avaliado. O conjunto de avaliações de um item é referencial de sua reputação/qualidade. Portanto, a identificação automática da satisfação do usuário em relação a um item, considerando sua avaliação textual, é uma ferramenta com potencial econômico singular. Neste contexto, com a popularização de emojis e emoticons, intensificada pelo uso de dispositivos móveis e seus aplicativos, os usuários adotam cada vez mais estes símbolos como parte do vocabulário utilizado para expressar opini˜oes e sentimentos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma avaliação quantitativa da representatividade de emojis/ emoticons para a identificação de opinião e polaridade em ambientes online de avaliação colaborativa. A abordagem proposta quantifica o uso da técnica Bag of Words com SVM para determinar o grau de satisfação do usuário em relação a um item, considerando: (1) palavras e emojis/emoticons; (2) apenas palavras; (3) apenas emojis/emoticons. Particularmente, para cenários específicos o uso de emojis/emoticons para a análise de sentimentos chega a ter uma eficácia de 0,70, contra 0,65 quando utilizamos apenas as palavras, considerando a métrica F1.
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"Translating Polysemous Emojis into Kurdish." In International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics. Tishk International University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23918/vesal2022a22.

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Tian, Ye, Thiago Galery, Giulio Dulcinati, Emilia Molimpakis, and Chao Sun. "Facebook sentiment: Reactions and Emojis." In Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-1102.

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Yang, Deng, Liu Kejian, Yang Cheng, Feng Yuanyuan, and Li Weihao. "Emoji-based Fine-Grained Attention Network for Sentiment Analysis in the Microblog Comments." In 12th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121307.

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Microblogs have become a social platform for people to express their emotions in real-time, and it is a trend to analyze user emotional tendencies from the information on Microblogs. The dynamic features of emojis can affect the sentiment polarity of microblog texts. Since existing models seldom consider the diversity of emoji sentiment polarity, the paper propose a microblog sentiment classification model based on ALBERT-FAET. We obtain text embedding via ALBERT pretraining model and learn the inter-emoji embedding with an attention-based LSTM network. In addition, a fine-grained attention mechanism is proposed to capture the word-level interactions between plain text and emoji. Finally, we concatenate these features and feed them into a CNN classifier to predict the sentiment labels of the microblogs. To verify the effectiveness of the model and the fine-grained attention network, we conduct comparison experiments and ablation experiments. The comparison experiments show that the model outperforms previous methods in three evaluation indicators (accuracy, precision, and recall) and the model can significantly improve sentiment classification. The ablation experiments show that compared with ALBERT-AET, the proposed model ALBERT-FAET is better in the metrics, indicating that the fine-grained attention network can understand the diversified information of emoticons.
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Reports on the topic "Emojis"

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Mathews, Stanley, Chelsea Botwin, and Seung-Eun Lee. Fashion Brands' Use of Emojis on Twitter: An Exploratory Study. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1803.

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Lopez Boo, Florencia, Giuliana Daga, and Sofia Madariaga. Combating COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Behaviorally Informed Campaigns in the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004581.

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This note provides insights into understanding and combating vaccine hesitancy in the Caribbean. We draw on both qualitative and quantitative evidence stemming from IDB analytical and operational work. First, a household survey implemented in Belize in 2021 finds that lack of trust in vaccines and fear of side effects are among the main reasons given by the people that had not yet received the COVID-19 vaccine. Second, we evaluate the correlation between five behaviorally informed campaigns and vaccine uptake and digital engagement (clicks, emojis) and the effect of randomizing the framing of messages within one of such campaigns. We find that messages about COVID-19 vaccine safety and positive framing of side effects were associated with better outcomes. Finally, we describe how these insights are used in vaccination campaigns in Barbados.
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Makhachashvili, Rusudan K., Svetlana I. Kovpik, Anna O. Bakhtina, and Ekaterina O. Shmeltser. Technology of presentation of literature on the Emoji Maker platform: pedagogical function of graphic mimesis. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3864.

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Abstract:
The article deals with the technology of visualizing fictional text (poetry) with the help of emoji symbols in the Emoji Maker platform that not only activates students’ thinking, but also develops creative attention, makes it possible to reproduce the meaning of poetry in a succinct way. The application of this technology has yielded the significance of introducing a computer being emoji in the study and mastering of literature is absolutely logical: an emoji, phenomenologically, logically and eidologically installed in the digital continuum, is separated from the natural language provided by (ethno)logy, and is implicitly embedded into (cosmo)logy. The technology application object is the text of the twentieth century Cuban poet José Ángel Buesa. The choice of poetry was dictated by the appeal to the most important function of emoji – the expression of feelings, emotions, and mood. It has been discovered that sensuality can reconstructed with the help of this type of meta-linguistic digital continuum. It is noted that during the emoji design in the Emoji Maker program, due to the technical limitations of the platform, it is possible to phenomenologize one’s own essential-empirical reconstruction of the lyrical image. Creating the image of the lyrical protagonist sign, it was sensible to apply knowledge in linguistics, philosophy of language, psychology, psycholinguistics, literary criticism. By constructing the sign, a special emphasis was placed on the facial emogram, which also plays an essential role in the transmission of a wide range of emotions, moods, feelings of the lyrical protagonist. Consequently, the Emoji Maker digital platform allowed to create a new model of digital presentation of fiction, especially considering the psychophysiological characteristics of the lyrical protagonist. Thus, the interpreting reader, using a specific digital toolkit – a visual iconic sign (smile) – reproduces the polylaterial metalinguistic multimodality of the sign meaning in fiction. The effectiveness of this approach is verified by the poly-functional emoji ousia, tested on texts of fiction.
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Dandge, Ajay Ramlal, and Vishwas Vaidya. Early Warning System for Light Commercial Engines using EMOS (Engine MOnitoring System) Controller. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-32-0120.

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