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Scherr, Simon André, Svenja Polst, Lisa Müller, Konstantin Holl, and Frank Elberzhager. "The Perception of Emojis for Analyzing App Feedback." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 13, no. 02 (February 22, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v13i02.8492.
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<p class="0abstract"><span lang="EN-US">When analyzing textual user feedback, the challenge today is that automation is only possible in a non-satisfactory way due to the limitations of understanding natural language. However, manual evaluation is not possible for products with a large amount of user feedback, as this is neither efficient nor effective. Internet texts are full of emojis. Emojis tell how a user feels about certain aspects of a product. We conducted a survey on the perception of emojis and used the results from 107 participants. The core result is that people perceive emojis in a very homogenous way regarding their sentiments and the emotions they represent This means that emojis give us a tool for analyzing the users’ perspectives on a product by looking at the emojis contained in their feedback. </span></p>
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Rebane, Gala. "FOOD & DRINK-EMOJIS." POP 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/pop-2023-120106.
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Gao, Biao, Xingxing Wang, and Han Liu. "An Empirical Study on the Communication and Usage Psychology of Emoji in Wechat." OBM Neurobiology 06, no. 04 (October 17, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2204142.
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As an indispensable active atmosphere and meaningful emotional expression in social media, emojis describe the emotions of users in specific situations in a funny, humorous, euphemistic, and implicit form and attract users to use them consciously or unconsciously with their quick and convenient features. Currently, the research on the psychology of emoji usage is mostly from the perspective of users, while neglecting the essential attributes of emojis. The purpose of this study was to investigate and summarize the multi-dimensional factors that affect the communication and usage of emojis and to elucidate the influence of the essential attributes of emojis on their use. This study took the users of WeChat (the most widely used instant messaging app in China) as the research object. Data were collected utilizing semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. SPSS 25.0 software was applied to conduct exploratory factor analysis on relevant data to explore and summarize several dimensions of WeChat users’ emoji communication and usage psychology. The results showed that gender, age, education, and occupation were important factors affecting the usage and communication of emojis. The psychology of emoji usage had multi-dimensional characteristics and according to the self-determination theory, it could be divided into internal and external factors. The internal factors included information, efficiency, and entertainment, and the external factors included communicativeness, culture, image, fuzziness, and context. Notably, the influence of fuzziness on the psychology of emoji usage has described the critical role of the essential attributes of emojis, which complemented the neglect of the fuzziness of emoji in previous studies, which might provide a direction for the design of emojis.
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Yumeina, Fariha Faza, Hana Nabila, and Lusiana Suciati Dewi. "Meaning Analysis of ???? and ???? Emojis in Chat Apps: A Semiotic-Semantic Study." JEPAL (Journal of English Pedagogy and Applied Linguistics) 5, no. 1 (August 31, 2024): 86–98. https://doi.org/10.32627/jepal.v5i1.1064.
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This research discusses the meaning of ???? and ???? emojis in chat apps. The ???? emoji is often used to express sadness or frustration, while the ???? emoji is often used for dark humor or to express that something is so funny it's "dead". This study aims to explore and reveal the meanings contained in these emojis according to the general views of chat app users. This research uses a qualitative approach with a focus on the description and interpretation of the phenomenon of emoji use. The main data source comes from direct observation of conversations in chat applications, as well as secondary data from related literature. Data collection techniques include participatory observation of emoji use in different contexts and analysis of conversation documentation. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how ???? and ???? emojis are used and interpreted in daily interactions, as well as how their meaning can change depending on the context of the conversation.
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Chandra Guntuku, Sharath, Mingyang Li, Louis Tay, and Lyle H. Ungar. "Studying Cultural Differences in Emoji Usage across the East and the West." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 13 (July 6, 2019): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3224.
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Global acceptance of Emojis suggests a cross-cultural, normative use of Emojis. Meanwhile, nuances in Emoji use across cultures may also exist due to linguistic differences in expressing emotions and diversity in conceptualizing topics. Indeed, literature in cross-cultural psychology has found both normative and culture-specific ways in which emotions are expressed. In this paper, using social media, we compare the Emoji usage based on frequency, context, and topic associations across countries in the East (China and Japan) and the West (United States, United Kingdom, and Canada). Across the East and the West, our study examines a) similarities and differences on the usage of different categories of Emojis such as People, Food & Drink, Travel & Places etc., b) potential mapping of Emoji use differences with previously identified cultural differences in users’ expression about diverse concepts such as death, money emotions and family, and c) relative correspondence of validated psycho-linguistic categories with Ekman’s emotions. The analysis of Emoji use in the East and the West reveals recognizable normative and culture specific patterns. This research reveals the ways in which Emojis can be used for cross-cultural communication.
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Szabo, Roland. "Cloud Database Analysis of Instant Messaging Apps on Mobile Devices." Applied Sciences 15, no. 3 (February 2, 2025): 1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031509.
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The purpose of this paper is to present the creation, challenges and difficulties of four utility apps to increase production on Android handheld devices. The motivation of creating the apps and the problems encountered during creation are highlighted. The first app is a fast emoji app for WhatsApp. The motivation for creating such an app is that usually phone users do not like to type too much; with this app, they can communicate with each other just by sending emojis. The second app is a standalone emoji sender app, which does the same thing as the previous app but uses its own database, not the WhatsApp database.
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Manokaran, Komalata, and Ong Shyi Nian. "THE FUNCTIONS OF E-LAUGHTER IN WHATSAPP CONVERSATIONS AMONG STUDENTS." Platform : A Journal of Management and Humanities 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjmhvol3iss2art9902.
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The terms of e-laughter (haha, hoho, hehe) are implicitly understood by everyone (Larson, 2015). Mostly WhatsApp is used to share written messages and images. It is also has been used to share their emotions, such as laughter. This study intended to focus on types of e-laughter and the function in WhatsApp conversations. This study explored 30 WhatsApp conversations and 30 online surveys to achieve the aims and goals by using Conversational Analysis (CA). This study resulted that e-laughter in the forms of emojis are being used universally among students, and laughter particles are functioned to express the emotion of laughter as in face to face interaction in mobilising the topics in WhatsApp conversations. These findings suggested that emojis are of high frequency, functionality, and efficiency in WhatsApp communication. Interestingly, e-laughter played a vital role in reflecting the non-verbal symbols in face-to-face communication. In socio-emotional settings, people frequently use laughter emojis to create a lively atmosphere to boost conversation (Li & Yang, 2018).Keywords: WhatsApp, written communication, emojis, e-laughter, conversational analysis
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De Oliveira, Renata Soares, Josivaldo Santos Silva, Maria Isabel Gomes Dos Santos, and Iraci Nobre Da Silva. "Multimodalidade: o uso de emojis como uma nova linguagem na construção de sentidos." OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 21, no. 12 (December 26, 2023): 27337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv21n12-208.
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O uso de emojis como uma nova linguagem na construção de sentidos na multimodalidade, constitui um novo objeto de estudo. Para a realização do nosso objetivo que é investigar o uso de emojis como uma nova linguagem na construção de sentidos na perspectiva da multimodalidade, tivemos que formular a seguinte questão norteadora: como o uso de emojis pode influenciar no ensino e aprendizagem nas aulas de língua portuguesa? Vale dizer que os emojis são figuras geradas pelo sistema Unicode para representar reações e os stickers usados para a mesma finalidade, que funcionam como mecanismos de comunicação. No intuito de inserir nossa voz nesse campo de pesquisa, destacamos as pesquisas de Tenório (2018), também como Ribeiro (2014) e Paiva (2015) como estado da arte. Ao percorrermos esse trajeto discursivo nos reportamos aos estudos da teoria da multimodalidade, de Kress & Van Leeuwen (2001, 2003, 2006 e 2010), Dionísio (2007), Negishi (2014) e a ideia defendida por Rojo (2012) acerca do multiletramento. E chegamos à conclusão de que o trabalho com os textos multimodais em sala de aula requer um olhar mais atento às possibilidades de leitura, interpretação e compreensão que as múltiplas linguagens representam nos textos presentes nas ações sociais. O crescente uso dos meios tecnológicos, assim como a utilização dos emojis, tem sido uma tentativa de passar um novo sentido para os contextos de interação, de forma mais prática, porém ao mesmo tempo fazendo despertar outros sentidos, tais como, emoções, reações e ademais.
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Yu, Zerong, Jiajian Yang, Jinfeng Zhong, Suqin Wu, Zhiguang Xu, and Youwen Tang. "Emodin voltammetric sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer membrane-modified electrode using a multiple hydrogen bonds strategy." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 126, no. 4 (April 30, 2012): 1344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36493.
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Mandal, Bitapi, Soumen Singha, Sanjoy Kumar Dey, Swagata Mazumdar, Sanjay Kumar, Parimal Karmakar, and Saurabh Das. "CuIIcomplex of emodin with improved anticancer activity as demonstrated by its performance on HeLa and Hep G2 cells." RSC Advances 7, no. 66 (2017): 41403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra06696a.
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Structure of CuIIcomplex of emodin was solved from PXRD data. [CuII(emod)2]2−binds DNA better than emodin. Thermodynamic parameters for binding were found. Complex performs better than emodin on HeLa & Hep G2 cells; not affecting WI 38 normal cells.
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Khaltar, Narmandakh, and Tsolmon Shirnen. "Exploring Emoji Use and Frequency Among Mongolian Users: Examples from Facebook and Twitter." American Journal of Youth and Women Empowerment 1, no. 1 (November 10, 2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajywe.v1i1.924.
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Internet linguistics has been rapidly improving since the advent of the Internet; humanity has come to value or emphasize a new form of communication, the Internet, or computer-mediated communication (CMC) around the world. Emoji is a graphical image, representing attitudes or concepts, and emotional feelings in a simple way. Emojis became popular around 2010 worldwide and can be used on any smartphone or computer in a message or conversation. Dresner & Herring stated that some social factors include the gender and the age of CMD users (2010). Emoji is one of people’s emotional and facial expressions, and its use exceeds the standard norm of the language, especially on Facebook and Twitter, known as the most used platforms in Mongolian internet communication. We have studied one of the sociolinguistics studies, the emoji use on Facebook and Twitter in Mongolian computer-mediated discourse, also known as conversational discourse, comparing people’s age, gender, emoji use, and frequency through the questionnaire we processed. The findings of the study show that people write online using excessive emojis, which means that emojis have become an integral part of people’s everyday life. Following excessive use of emojis, there is a fear that may lead to language extinction, and the spelling rules may be compromised, which could adversely affect the official written language. We hope that this study will contribute to the scholarly literature on computer-mediated discourse in general, Mongolian computer-mediated discourse in particular, and the emoji use and its frequency, a recently introduced in our country and a little-studied feature of computer-mediated discourse.
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Putri, Noni Trisna, Rani Nurhaliza, and Lusiana Suciati Dewi. "The Meaning behind ???? and ???? Emoticons in Chat Applications: A Semiotic Analysis." JEPAL (Journal of English Pedagogy and Applied Linguistics) 5, no. 1 (August 31, 2024): 70–85. https://doi.org/10.32627/jepal.v5i1.1061.
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This study aims to understand the meaning of ???? and ???? emoticons among chat app users. The use of emoticons is very common nowadays, used by people of all ages, from young to old. Emoticons are typically used in various situations to express someone's state or feelings in digital conversations. However, not everyone has the same opinion about the use of emoticons. This research aims to explore the different opinions people have about emoticons. The method used in this research is qualitative, utilizing Google Forms as a tool to collect data from respondents. This Google Forms survey was distributed to students of Universitas Subang, with 37 respondents aged between 18 and 25 years. The results of the study showed that the opinions of certain groups regarding the meaning and effectiveness of emoticon when using online chat applications do not influence other groups. Everyone has their own opinions and beliefs regarding the use of emoticons. Communication is possible with or without emojis, and the meaning of emojis depends on the context and the perspective of the sender and receiver.
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Tzeng, Thing-Fong, Hung-Jen Lu, Shorong-Shii Liou, Chia Ju Chang, and I.-Min Liu. "Emodin, a Naturally Occurring Anthraquinone Derivative, Ameliorates Dyslipidemia by Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/781812.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the antiobesity and antihyperlipidaemic effects of emodin on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats, and on the regulation of the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism to elucidate the mechanisms. After being fed HFD for two weeks, Wistar rats were dosed orally with emodin (40 and 80 mg kg−1) or pioglitazone (20 mg kg−1), once daily for eight weeks. Emodin (80 mg kg−1per day) displayed similar characteristics to pioglitazone (20 mg kg−1per day) in reducing body weight gain, plasma lipid levels as well as coronary artery risk index and atherogenic index of HFD-fed rats. Emodin also caused dose related reductions in the hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents and lowered hepatic lipid droplets accumulation in HFD-fed rats. Emodin and pioglitazone enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its primary downstream targeting enzyme, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, up-regulated gene expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1, and down-regulated sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase protein levels in hepatocytes of HFD-fed rats. Our findings suggest emodin could attenuate lipid accumulation by decreasing lipogenesis and increasing mitochondrial fatty acidβ-oxidation mediated by activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Kumar, Sunny, and Badal Bhushan. "Data Exploring the Impact of Chatting App Features on User Engagement and Satisfaction: A User-Centred Design Approach." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 4241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52588.
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Abstract: This research paper explores the impact of chatting app features on user engagement and satisfaction using a usercentered design approach. The study involved conducting interviews with users to identify their preferences for features and conducting user testing to evaluate the impact of specific features on user engagement and satisfaction. The results show that certain features such as privacy and security, design and usability, multimedia sharing, emojis and stickers, and group chats and collaboration have a significant impact on user engagement and satisfaction. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for the design of chatting apps and providing recommendations for future research in this area.
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Evans, Levi, and Brad Ferguson. "The HDAC Inhibitor Emodin Blocks Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy: A Mediating Role for the Gut?" Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_029.
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Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that food bioactives impact the epigenome to prevent pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Recently, we showed that emodin, an anthraquinone, attenuated pathological cardiac hypertrophy and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. However, we only examined the cardioprotective effects of emodin's parent compound, not of emodin metabolites or of emodin-gut microbiome interactions. The microbiome has emerged as a key player in chronic diseases such as metabolic and cardiac disease. Thus, we hypothesized that emodin could reverse hypertension-induced changes in microbial communities. Methods Normo- and hypertensive (angiotensin ii) C57/BL6 female mice were randomly assigned to receive vehicle (Veh, DMSO: PEG 1:1) or emodin (Emod, 30 mg/kg) for 14 days. Body weight was collected pre- and post-treatment and blood pressure assessed via tail-cuff. At study end, mice were euthanized and assessed for heart weight and fibrosis. In addition, stool samples and cecal content were collected to elucidate changes in microbial populations using 16S rRNA sequencing. Lastly, tissue was lysed and RNA isolated for RNA sequencing. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc was performed unless otherwise specified and P < 0.05 considered significant. Results Emodin significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in female mice. No significant changes were observed for body weight or systolic blood pressure in response to hypertension or emodin. Lastly, preliminary analysis suggests that hypertension altered the microbiome, with evidence to support that emodin effects gut microbiota. Conclusions Our data demonstrates that emodin attenuates pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis in female mice. Whether this attenuation in cardiac remodeling is driven, in part, by the actions of emodin on the gut the microbiome remains unclear and is currently an active topic of investigation in our lab. Funding Sources This work is supported by the USDA NIFA (Hatch-NEV00767), the Dennis Meiss & Janet Ralston Fund for Nutri-epigenetic Research, the National Institute for General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the NIH (P20 GM130459) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH (R15 HL143496) to B.S.F. Core facilities used for Research were supported by NIGMS of the NIH (P20 GM103554).
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Bei, Yufei, Boyu Tia, Yuze Li, Yingzhu Guo, Shufei Deng, Rouyu Huang, Huiling Zeng, Rui Li, Ge-Fei Wang, and Jianping Dai. "Anti-influenza A Virus Effects and Mechanisms of Emodin and Its Analogs via Regulating PPARα/γ-AMPK-SIRT1 Pathway and Fatty Acid Metabolism." BioMed Research International 2021 (September 9, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9066938.
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The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α/γ-adenosine 5 ′ -monophosphate- (AMP-) activated protein kinase- (AMPK-) sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) pathway and fatty acid metabolism are reported to be involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication and IAV-pneumonia. Through a cell-based peroxisome proliferator responsive element- (PPRE-) driven luciferase bioassay, we have investigated 145 examples of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Several TCMs, such as Polygonum cuspidatum, Rheum officinale Baillon, and Aloe vera var. Chinensis (Haw.) Berg., were found to possess high activity. We have further detected the anti-IAV activities of emodin (EMO) and its analogs, a group of common important compounds of these TCMs. The results showed that emodin and its several analogs possess excellent anti-IAV activities. The pharmacological tests showed that emodin significantly activated PPARα/γ and AMPK, decreased fatty acid biosynthesis, and increased intracellular ATP levels. Pharmaceutical inhibitors, siRNAs for PPARα/γ and AMPKα1, and exogenous palmitate impaired the inhibition of emodin. The in vivo test also showed that emodin significantly protected mice from IAV infection and pneumonia. Pharmacological inhibitors for PPARα/γ and AMPK signal and exogenous palmitate could partially counteract the effects of emodin in vivo. In conclusion, emodin and its analogs are a group of promising anti-IAV drug precursors, and the pharmacological mechanism of emodin is linked to its ability to regulate the PPARα/γ-AMPK pathway and fatty acid metabolism.
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Yan, Yan, Kang Wang, Xu Tang, Jun-feng Gao, and Bin-yu Wen. "Phytochemicals protect L02 cells against hepatotoxicity induced by emodin via the Nrf2 signaling pathway." Toxicology Research 8, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 1028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tx00220k.
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Abstract Dihydromyricetin (DMY), hyperoside and silybin are phytochemicals that belong to a class called flavonoids, and they have been used in liver protection pharmaceutical preparations, but the specific mechanism of these chemicals is still unclarified. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanism of these phytochemicals. The immortalized human hepatocyte cell line L02 was treated with 200 μM emodin for 48 h, and this was used as a hepatocyte injury model. The L02 cells were treated with both 200 μM emodin and different concentrations of DMY/hyperoside/silybin for 48 h to investigate the protective effects of these phytochemicals. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability. RT-qPCR and western blotting were performed to examine the mRNA and protein expression, respectively, of the classic bile acid synthetic pathway gene CYP7A1, the bile acid efflux transporter bile salt export pump (BSEP), the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the drug processing gene CYP1A2. DMY, hyperoside and silybin prevented the impairment of cell viability that was caused by emodin-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, and at a low concentration (10 μM), the protective effect followed the order hyperoside > DMY > silybin, while at a high concentration (160 μM), the protective effect followed the order DMY > hyperoside > silybin. These phytochemicals reduced the expression of CYP7A1 at both the mRNA and protein levels. BSEP was not influenced by the phytochemical intervention. When 200 μM emodin was used for 48 h with the addition of the phytochemicals at 200 μM, the nuclear protein expression of Nrf2 significantly increased and CYP1A2 expression decreased. DMY, hyperoside and silybin prevented the hepatotoxicity induced by emodin in the L02 cells, potentially, via the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Marquardt, Tanya. "Some Must Watch While Some Must Sleep." Canadian Theatre Review 197 (June 1, 2024): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.197.009.
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Some Must Watch While Some Must Sleep is a transdisciplinary work by Tanya Marquardt that tells the story of how they discovered a “sleeping self” named X through a sound-activated recording app on their iPhone. The piece imagines what might happen if our “waking” and “sleeping” selves met, conversed, and maybe even healed. CTR has published the fourteen-day texting version of Some Must Watch While Some Must Sleep, which invites audiences, or “experiencers,” to have a text thread with Marquardt and “X.” Like any other SMS conversation, the play is a mix of back-and-forth dialogue with language, emojis, recorded sound, video, and links.
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Tang, Qing, JingJing Wu, Fang Zheng, Swei Sunny Hann, and YuQing Chen. "Emodin Increases Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 through Activation of MEK/ERK/AMPKα and Interaction of PPARγ and Sp1 in Lung Cancer." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 41, no. 1 (2017): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000456281.
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Background: Emodin has anti-neoplastic activities on multiple tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect still remain to be fully understood. Methods: Cell viability and cell cycle distribution were measured using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell invasion and migration were examined by transwell invasion and wound healing assays. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the phosphorylation and protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), extracellular signaling-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) and the transcription factor Sp1. QRT-PCR was used to examine the mRNA levels of the IGFBP1 gene. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knockdown PPARγ and IGFBP1 genes. Exogenously expression of IGFBP1 and Sp1 was determined by transient transfection assays. IGFBP1 promoter activity was measured by Secrete-Pair Dual Luminescence Assay Kit. In vivo nude mice xenograft model and bioluminescent imaging system were used to confirm the findings. Results: We showed that emodin induced cell cycle arrest of NSCLC cells. Emodin increased PPARγ protein and luciferase reporter activity, which were abolished by inhibitors of MAPK extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ERK and AMPK. Silencing of PPARγ abrogated emodin-inhibited cell growth and cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, emodin elevated IGFBP1 mRNA, protein, and promoter activity through activation of PPARγ. Intriguingly, overexpressed Sp1 attenuated emodin-induced IGFBP1 expression, which was not observed in cells with silenced PPARγ gene. Moreover, silencing of IGFBP1 gene blunted emodin-induced inhibition of cell growth and cell cycle arrest. On the contrary, overexpressed IGFBP1 enhanced emodin-induced phosphorylation of AMPKα and ERK1/2, and restored emodin-inhibited growth in cells with silenced endogenous IGFBP1 gene. Emodin also inhibited growth of lung xenograft tumors and Sp1, and increased IGFBP1 and PPARγ protein expressions In vivo. Conclusion: Collectively, our results show that emodin inhibits growth of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells through ERK and AMPKα-mediated induction of PPARγ, followed by reduction of Sp1. This in turn induces IGFBP1 gene expression. Thus, the signaling cascades, positive feedback loop and cooperative interplay between transcription factors-induced the expression of IGFBP1 gene contribute to the overall responses of emodin. This study provides a novel mechanism by which emodin inhibits growth of human lung cancer cells.
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Liu, Yuhan, Luorui Shang, Jiabin Zhou, Guangtao Pan, Fangyuan Zhou, and Shenglan Yang. "Emodin Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis Signaling Pathway In vitro and In vivo." Inflammation 45, no. 2 (November 17, 2021): 753–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10753-021-01581-1.
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Abstract—Emodin, the effective component of the traditional Chinese medicine Dahuang, has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin are not clear. This study investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of emodin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, we designed an LPS-induced ALI rat model. In vitro, we chose the J774A.1 cell line to establish an inflammatory cellular model, and knocked down NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) using small interfering RNA. The mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase 1 (CASP1), and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in cells and lung tissues were detected by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 in the serum and supernatant were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The degree of pathological injury in lung tissue was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In vitro, we demonstrated that emodin could inhibit NLRP3 and then inhibit the expression of ASC, CASP1, GSDMD, IL-1β, and IL-18. In vivo, we confirmed that emodin had protective effects on LPS-induced ALI and inhibitory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome -dependent pyroptosis. Emodin showed excellent protective effects against LPS-induced ALI by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis signaling pathway.
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Badshah, Ismail, Neelum Gul Qazi, Fawad Ali, Amber Mahmood Minhas, Arooj Mohsin Alvi, Mahmoud Kandeel, Muhammad Imran, Syed Shams ul Hassan, and Simona Bungau. "Emodin alleviates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain and inflammation via modulating PPAR-gamma pathway." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (July 13, 2023): e0287517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287517.
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Neuropathic pain has been characterized as chronic pain resulting from pathological damage to the sensorimotor system. Because of its complex nature, it remains refractory to most of the therapeutic interventions, and surgical intervention and physiotherapy alongside steroidal treatments remain the only treatment protocols with limited success, hence solidifying the need to find efficacious therapeutic alternatives. Emodin was used as a post-treatment for its potential to be neuroprotective in the treatment of chronic constriction injury-induced NP. The first day following surgery, Emodin treatment began, and it lasted until the 21st day. On days 3, 7, 14 and 21, all behavioral investigations were conducted. The sciatic nerve and spinal cord were extracted for further molecular examination. Emodin elevated response latency, was able to delay the onset of mechanical hyperalgesia in rats on days 7, 14, and 21 and reduced the CCI-induced paw deformation. Emodin treatment significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and NO levels while restoring the GST, GSH and catalase. It significantly improved the disorientation of the sciatic nerve and spinal cord confirmed by H & E staining and reduced inflammatory markers as observed by the quantification of COX-2, TNF-α, p-NFκb and up-regulated PPAR-γ levels by ELISA and PCR. According to the findings, Emodin has antinociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic properties, which reduced pain perception and inflammation. We also suggested the involvement of PPAR-γ pathway in the therapeutic potential of emodin in chronic nerve injury.
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Bech, Kristin, and George Walkden. "English is (still) a West Germanic language." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 39, no. 1 (December 15, 2015): 65–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586515000219.
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In their recent book,English: The Language of the Vikings, Joseph Embley Emonds and Jan Terje Faarlund attempt to make the case that from its Middle period onwards, English is a North Germanic language, descended from the Norse varieties spoken in Medieval England, rather than a West Germanic language, as traditionally assumed. In this review article we critique Emonds & Faarlund's proposal, focusing particularly on the syntactic evidence that forms the basis of their argumentation. A closer look at a number of constructions for which the authors suggest a Norse origin reveals that the situation is not as they present it: in many cases, the syntactic properties of Old and Middle English are not given careful enough consideration, and/or the chronology of the developments is not compatible with a Norse origin. Moreover, the authors do not engage with the large body of sound changes that constitute the strongest evidence for a West Germanic origin. We conclude that Emonds & Faarlund fail to make a convincing case either for a North Germanic origin or against a West Germanic origin.
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Vaughn, Jacqueline, Nirmish Shah, Jude Jonassaint, Nichol Harris, Sharron Docherty, and Ryan Shaw. "User-Centered App Design for Acutely Ill Children and Adolescents." Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 37, no. 6 (July 10, 2020): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043454220938341.
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Background and Objectives: The high level of acceptance and consistent use of smartphones by children and adolescents present new opportunities to monitor and collect health data. For acutely ill children and adolescents, collecting symptom data via smartphone applications (apps) provides patient-reported data that can be collected daily and offers the potential to provide a more comprehensive picture of the symptom experience. The purpose of this study was to employ user-centered design principles and medical professional input in order to obtain feedback and insight into redesigning our Technology Recordings for better Understanding Blood and Marrow Transplant (TRU-PBMT) app. This redesigned app will be used for children and adolescents with cancer or undergoing blood and marrow transplantation. Method: We interviewed six pediatric blood and marrow transplant patients (ages 10-17 years) who had pilot tested the app, and we surveyed 30 pediatric oncology clinicians. Results: Interview feedback from previous app users and survey feedback from clinicians guided the app redesign. We incorporated suggestions to make the app more engaging, meaningful, personal, and motivating in order to increase symptom reporting. We added emojis to the symptom tracker, a mood scale, and personalized symptom graphs. Conclusion: Leveraging mobile health technologies may be a useful and acceptable approach to obtain symptom data; however, design and software development needs to be evidenced-based and informed by user needs. Our approach using patient and clinician feedback was valuable in the redesign of the TRU-PBMT app and will contribute to symptom research for acutely ill children and adolescents.
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Dong, Xiaoxv, Jing Fu, Xingbin Yin, Changhai Qu, Chunjing Yang, Huyiligeqi He, and Jian Ni. "Induction of Apoptosis in HepaRG Cell Line by Aloe-Emodin through Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Mitochondrial Pathway." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 42, no. 2 (2017): 685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477886.
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Background/Aims: Aloe-emodin (1,8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-anthraquinone), an anthraquinone active compounds, is isolated from some traditional medicinal plants such as Rheum palmatum L. and Cassia occidentalis, which induce hepatotoxicity in rats. The aim of this study was to determine potential cytotoxic effects of aloe-emodin on HepaRG cells and to define the underlying mechanism. Methods: MTT was used to evaluate cell viability. Apoptotic cell death was analyzed via Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined by flow cytometry, while the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined by Western blot analysis. Results: Treatment with aloe-emodin significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in HepaRG cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It provoked ROS generation and depolarization of MMP in HepaRG cells when compared with controls. Aloe-emodin dose-dependently increased release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and levels of Fas, p53, p21, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and subsequent cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). It also induced S-phase cell cycle arrest by increasing the expression of p21 and cyclin E proteins while significantly decreasing the expression of cyclin A and CDK2. Conclusion: These results suggest that aloe-emodin inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in HepaRG cells, most probably through a mechanism involving both Fas death pathway and the mitochondrial pathway by generation of ROS. These findings underscore the need for risk assessment of human exposure to aloe-emodin.
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Font-Santiago, Cristopher, and Joseph Salmons. "The Descent of English." Language Dynamics and Change 6, no. 1 (2016): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00601009.
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Ribeiro, Josiane da Cruz Lima, Ricardo José Rocha Amorim, and Rodrigo dos Reis Nunes. "Selfies, emojis, likes: representações voláteis e leituras líquidas na era digital / Selfies, emojis, likes: volatile representations and liquid readings in the digital age." Texto Livre: Linguagem e Tecnologia 9, no. 2 (December 9, 2016): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1983-3652.9.2.161-173.
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RESUMO:Este trabalho propõe discutir as funções que códigos de hipermídia, tais como os selfies, emojis e likes, têm desempenhado como representações e leituras de si e do outro na era digital, e como a escola tem se portado diante desse novo panorama de tratar a informação e a comunicação voláteis. As vias de comunicação anteriormente experimentadas por percursos unilineares dão espaço para a instauração de vias interconectivas disformes que circundam no ciberespaço e tornam instáveis os registros de nós e a leitura que fazemos de uma outra pessoa, constantemente reatualizados por novos registros e, consequentemente, por novas leituras. A ubiquidade, mediada, sobretudo, pelos dispositivos móveis – celulares, smartphones e tablets –, proporciona essa atualização constante e metamorfoseia, ininterruptamente, a nossa representação no ciberespaço. Nesse quadro, a escola se vê desafiada a pensar em como lidar com essas novas perspectivas de leitura, visto que essa é uma realidade trazida pelo aluno para os campos da educação formal. Para tanto, utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica e tomamos por base alguns teóricos, tais como Santaella (2004; 2007; 2013), Hall (2006), Lévy (1994), Malini & Antoun (2013), dentre outros, que trazem para a discussão conceitos sobre identidades líquidas, representações voláteis, tecnologias da informação e comunicação e educação.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: leituras líquidas; tecnologia da informação e comunicação; ciberespaço; ubiquidade e educação. ABSTRACT:This work aims at discussing the roles that hypermedia codes, such as selfies, emoji and likes, have played as representations and readings of self and other in the digital age, and how the school has behaved on this new outlook in dealing with volatile information and communication. The roads previously experienced by unilineal paths give way to the establishment of misshapen interconnective roads surrounding cyberspace and become unstable records of us and the reading we make of another person, constantly re-enacted by new records and, consequently, for new readings. Ubiquity, mediated mainly by mobile devices – mobile phones, smartphones and tablets –, provides this constant updating and metamorphoses, uninterruptedly, our representation in cyberspace. In this framework, the school is challenged to think about how to deal with these new perspectives of reading, since this is a reality brought by the student to the field of formal education. Therefore, we use the literature and took as a basis some theorists such as Santaella (2004; 2007; 2013), Hall (2006), Lévy (1994), Malini & Antoun (2013), among others, to bring to the discussion concepts of liquid identities, volatile representations, information and communication technologies and education.KEYWORDS: liquid readings; information and communication technology; cyberspace; ubiquity and education.
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Agatha Nuraini, Fika Widya Pratama. "Pengembangan E- Modul Emolien Berbasis Adobe Flash CS6 pada Materi SPLDV." EduInovasi: Journal of Basic Educational Studies 4, no. 3 (September 2, 2024): 1095–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/edu.v4i3.3140.
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This research is a research and development (R&D) to develop a learning media as an e-module accessible via smartphones. It contains SPLDV materials for grade VIII students at Stella Matutina Junior High School. The purpose is to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, and practicality of the EMOLIEN e-module. SPLDV is a fundamental subject at the junior high school level, and students often face difficulties in answering SPLDV questions. The EMOLIEN e-module was developed using Adobe Flash CS6 software, following the ADDIE development model, which comprises the analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. This research was implemented on March 4, 2024, in the even semester of the 2023/2024 school year at Stella Matutina Junior High School. Data was collected through media and material validation sheets, student response questionnaires, teacher response questionnaires, as well as pretest and posttest. The study results demonstrate that the EMOLIEN e-module was developed according to the ADDIE procedure and obtained a validity test of EMOLIEN learning media, with 91% of material experts and 98% of media experts indicating very feasible (valid) results. The results of the student response questionnaire were 82%, while the teacher response questionnaire was 82%, indicating a high level of practice. The effectiveness results were evidenced by the increase in the average pretest score on the posttest score from 30.5 to 52.25 and strengthened by the Asymp results. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0.05, indicating effectiveness. In conclusion, this EMOLIEN e-module meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness.
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Kline, David, Vicha Ritruthai, Silva Babajanian, Quanyin Gao, Prashant Ingle, Peter Chang, and Gary Swanson. "Quantitative Analysis of Aloins and Aloin-Emodin in Aloe Vera Raw Materials and Finished Products Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Single-Laboratory Validation, First Action 2016.09." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 100, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0387.
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Abstract A single-laboratory validation study is described for a method of quantitative analysis of aloins (aloins Aand B) and aloe-emodin in aloe vera raw materials and finished products. This method used HPLC coupled with UVdetection at 380 nm for the aloins and 430 nm for aloe-emodin. The advantage of this test method is that the target analytes are concentrated from the sample matrix (either liquid or solid form) using stepwise liquid–liquid extraction (water–ethyl acetate–methanol), followed by solvent evaporation and reconstitution. This sample preparation process is suitable for different forms of products. The concentrating step for aloins and aloe-emodin has enhanced the method quantitation level to 20 parts per billion (ppb). Reversed-phase chromatography using a 250 × 4.6 mm column under gradient elution conditions was used. Mobile phase A is 0.1% acetic acid in water and mobile phase B is 0.1% acetic acid in acetonitrile. The HPLC run starts with a 20% mobile phase B that reaches 35% at 13 min. From 13 to 30 min, mobile phase B is increased from 35 to 100%. From 30 to 40 min, mobile phase B is changed from 100% back to the initial condition of 20% for re-equilibration. The flow rate is 1 mL/min, with a 100 μL injection volume. Baseline separation (Rs > 2.0) for aloins A and B and aloe-emodin was observed under this chromatographic condition. This test method was validated with raw materials of aloe vera 5× (liquid) and aloe vera 200× (powder) and finished products of aloe concentrate (liquid) and aloe (powder). The linearity of the method was studied from10 to 500 ppb for aloins A and B and aloe-emodin, with correlation coefficients of 0.999964, 0.999957, and0.999980, respectively. The test method was proven to be specific, precise, accurate, rugged, and suitable forthe intended quantitative analysis of aloins and aloe-emodin in raw materials and finished products. The S/N for aloins A and B and aloe-emodin at 10 ppb level were 12, 10, and 8, respectively, indicating our conservative LOD level at 10 ppb (the typical LOD level S/N is about 3). The S/N for aloins A and B and aloe-emodin at the 20ppb level were 17, 14, and 16, respectively, indicating our conservative LOQ level at 20 ppb (the typicalLOQ level S/N is about 10). The stock standard solution of a mixture of aloins and aloe-emodin and a working standard solution were found to be stable for at least 19 days when stored refrigerated at 2–8°C, witha recovery of 100 ± 5%.
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Holmberg, Anders. "Norse against Old English: 20-0." Language Dynamics and Change 6, no. 1 (2016): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00601004.
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The conclusion seems inescapable, if the facts in Emonds & Faarlund are more or less right: Middle English would be the outcome of a shift from West Germanic grammar to an eccentric form of North Germanic grammar.
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Hemanth, Bollepalli Sri Sai. "Whatsapp Chat Analyzer Using Machine Learning." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (April 18, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem31024.
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WhatsApp has emerged as the go-to method for communication. Conversations on WhatsApp cover a wide range of topics among individuals or groups. This data can be valuable for advancing technologies like machine learning, which rely on quality data for effective learning experiences. Our tool is designed to offer comprehensive analysis of WhatsApp data, regardless of the subject of the conversation. By using our developed code, a deeper insight into the data can be achieved. One great benefit of this tool is that it utilizes common Python libraries like Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Streamlit, Numpy, Re, Emojis, and sentiment analysis to generate data frames and visualizations. These are then showcased in a streamlit web app that is efficient and requires fewer resources. This makes it ideal for analyzing large datasets. Key Words: Inspecting, Examining, Research, Data Analysis, Matplotlib, Pandas, Streamlit
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Riddell, Alice. "Intersecting Positionalities and the Unexpected Uses of Digital Crime and Safety Tracking in Brooklyn." Social Inclusion 11, no. 3 (July 24, 2023): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v11i3.6615.
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Citizen is a live crime and safety tracking app in New York City that uses AI to monitor police scanners for incidences that are relevant to “public safety,” whilst also utilizing user‐recorded footage, as users near a crime, fire, or accident are encouraged to “go live” and film unfolding events. Users comment additional information and post expressive emojis as incidences unravel. In sharing information across a digital network, Citizen functions as both a form of social media and a peer‐to‐peer surveillance app. Through this lens, my ethnographic research investigates the impact of the digitization of crime and safety as an everyday experience in increasingly gentrified neighbourhoods in Brooklyn. The question of whether technology is a marker of simultaneous inclusivity and exclusivity speaks to the dialectical nature of digital technology, as producing concurrent “good” and “bad” effects. This article explores the ways that Citizen exemplifies these tensions: The app makes users feel safer but also more anxious; Citizen is a place for community information sharing to both productive and pejorative effects, it is used to both surveil one’s neighbourhood, instilling fear and mistrust, and to sousveil law enforcement and circumnavigate the NYPD at protests, producing accountability and a sense of safety. Through ethnographic examples, this article further navigates the cultural and local specificities of use, the complex positionalities that are mediated by the app and the consequences this has for those who experience social inclusion and exclusion.
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van Kemenade, Ans. "English: The Extent of Viking Impact Remains Open." Language Dynamics and Change 6, no. 1 (2016): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00601005.
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Emonds & Faarlund’s assessment of the language contact situation between Anglo-Saxons and Vikings is ill-informed historically. I furthermore discuss a number of instances where their analysis of Scandinavian linguistic impact on English is based on overly hasty interpretations of the literature.
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Song, Parkyong, Jong Hyun Kim, Jaewang Ghim, Jong Hyuk Yoon, Areum Lee, Yonghoon Kwon, Hyunjung Hyun, et al. "Emodin Regulates Glucose Utilization by Activating AMP-activated Protein Kinase." Journal of Biological Chemistry 288, no. 8 (January 9, 2013): 5732–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m112.441477.
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Trudgill, Peter. "Norsified English or Anglicized Norse?" Language Dynamics and Change 6, no. 1 (2016): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00601011.
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Emonds & Faarlund have brilliantly demonstrated that the syntax of English owes a great deal to the syntax of Old Norse, and more than has generally been thought. This is genuinely significant. But, from a variationist perspective, the difference of nomenclature—“North Germanic” rather than “West Germanic”—is not.
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Hillman, John. "Snapchat: a Brief Encounter." Grimace, Vol. 2, no. 1 (2017): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m2.090.art.
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For users of the image messaging Snapchat app, expressiveness is largely mediated through in-built filters and extensive use of short pieces of text and emojis. It is also contingent upon the disappearance of the image after a set time. The certainty these images will not be retained – that they will disappear – sanctions a degree of liberty in what is sent between users. However, there is also a reciprocal level of trust, since despite the app itself having no feature to save an image, recipients can screen capture the images they receive. Users do receive notification that their image has been saved in a screen capture, and this is likely to elicit a spontaneous reaction of despair, a breach of the code of disappearing images that is implicit in Snapchat’s communication method. In this essay, I propose Snapchat portraits express not the face as image but image as perplexing, disappearing, mutating phenomena. With their filters and distortions they unsettle our notions of the index and with their built in disappearance they challenge any notion of image as a memory prosthetic. Snapchat, as a form of portraiture, is not engaged with likeness or reproducibility. Instead, it stresses duplication, disguise and disappearance as the dominant features of contemporary culture. Keywords: photo filters, Snapchat, Snapchat portrait
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Teng, Che-Ming, Chien-Huang Lin, Chun-Nan Lin, Mei-lng Chung, and Tur-Fu Huang. "Frangulin B, an Antagonist of Collagen-Induced Platelet Aggregation and Adhesion, Isolated from Rhamnus formosana." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 06 (1993): 1014–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649717.
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SummaryEmodin and its glycoside frangulin B were isolated from the plant Rhamnus formosana. Emodin inhibited the aggregation of rabbit platelets induced by arachidonic acid and collagen, without affecting that by ADP or PAF, while emodin acetate had no any antiplatelet effect. Frangulin B inhibited selectively and concentration-dependently collagen-induced aggregation and ATP release in rabbit platelets, without affecting those induced by arachidonic acid, ADP, PAF and thrombin. Frangulin B also inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by trimucytin which was reported to be a collagen receptor agonist isolated from Trimeresurus muscrosquamatus snake venom. The aggregability of platelets inhibited by frangulin B could be recovered after washing the platelets. Frangulin B also selectively suppressed the thromboxane B2 formation caused by collagen, but not those by arachidonic acid and thrombin. Similarly, the formation of inositol phosphate caused by collagen was also suppressed by frangulin B, while that of PAF or thrombin was not affected. In the presence of PGE1, frangulin B also decreased Mg2+-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen. It is concluded that frangulin B may be an antagonist of collagen receptor in platelet membrane.
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Morelle, Alessandra Menezes, Geraldine Eltz de Lima, Nathalia D'Agustini, Fernando Castilho Venero, and Carlos H. Barrios. "Real-time detection of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) through an app: A Brazilian experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e23059-e23059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e23059.
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e23059 Background: patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data are critical for informing patient-centered care and have been shown to enhance our ability to communicate with patients and to control their symptoms. Evidence suggests that patient active participation in symptom reporting and prompt attention to management may have a positive and measurable impact in survival. However, PRO data are not commonly collected in routine cancer care due to challenges – cost, technological rigidity of existing electronic health records and misalignment of stakeholders’ incentives. Methods: in an effort to bridge the unmet needs of PRO collection and integration into routine cancer care, we developed a symptom monitoring and management system that was launched as a free mobile app in August, 2018. Tummi app is designed for reporting 28 symptoms based on the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Symptoms are reported in a 3-point scale (mild, moderate, severe) and patient reported an overall well-being scale represented by emojis. Tummi has the ability to record symptoms, summarize the reporting in physical printout, and automatically store and analyze the input symptoms into graphical interpretations. Results: since august 2018, 1292 patients downloaded and enjoyed the app. Of these, 240 recorded spontaneously their diagnosis. The most common side effect registered was fatigue followed by back pain. Regarding general well-being reports, male patients (25.68%) and female patients (74.32%) totaled 3771 records. Of these, on 50.22% of the time the patients were well, while in 40.17% they were average and in 9.59% they felt bad when made the report. Conclusions: there is an opportunity to better deliver our care for cancer patients, empowering them through collecting their own data. Tummi proved to be doable and understandable for patients’ language in Brazil.
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Ben-Shlomo, Shirley, Dikla Rosenblat-Gadish, and Noga Levin-Keini. "“Is There Something Wrong with What I Asked”? Digital Strategies for Achieving and Safeguarding Social Capital and Identity in a Facebook Support Group for Israeli Parents." Social Sciences 13, no. 10 (September 27, 2024): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13100511.
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This study aimed to investigate how a Facebook support group for parents of young children (ages 0–6) defines its boundaries and evaluates the acceptability of its members and content to safeguard the group’s social capital and identity. Adopting a qualitative critical content analysis approach, this research examined the discourse within the Sane and Rational (S&R) Parents group. This group, which had more than 12,000 members, describes itself as an alternative to groups that address parenting problems through “homeopathy, talismans, energies, and communicating with past incarnations”. Common subjects addressed by the group included medical issues, sleeping problems, potty training, child behavior, and nutrition. For the purpose of this study, a representative sample of 10 discourses (out of 118) that appeared during the research period was selected. The analysis considered group discourse, including both verbal and non-verbal elements such as emojis. Three central themes were revealed: (1) exclusion of participants through rules and emojis; (2) filtering posts as a mechanism for defining in-group and out-group boundaries; and (3) division of roles as a tool for distinguishing between those who do and do not belong. This study identifies power-based digital strategies used by a Facebook parent group to maintain its social capital and identity. It also highlights how verbal and non-verbal communication shapes, and is shaped by, group relationships. Practically, the findings offer tools for professionals to better understand how parental support needs are met in the digital age, emphasizing the importance of face-to-face interventions for those who feel excluded from dominant social identities.
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Hirschorn, Or, Amir Jevnisek, and Shai Avidan. "Optimize & Reduce: A Top-Down Approach for Image Vectorization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 3 (March 24, 2024): 2148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i3.27987.
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Vector image representation is a popular choice when editability and flexibility in resolution are desired. However, most images are only available in raster form, making raster-to-vector image conversion (vectorization) an important task. Classical methods for vectorization are either domain-specific or yield an abundance of shapes which limits editability and interpretability. Learning-based methods, that use differentiable rendering, have revolutionized vectorization, at the cost of poor generalization to out-of-training distribution domains, and optimization-based counterparts are either slow or produce non-editable and redundant shapes. In this work, we propose Optimize & Reduce (O&R), a top-down approach to vectorization that is both fast and domain-agnostic. O&R aims to attain a compact representation of input images by iteratively optimizing Bezier curve parameters and significantly reducing the number of shapes, using a devised importance measure. We contribute a benchmark of five datasets comprising images from a broad spectrum of image complexities - from emojis to natural-like images. Through extensive experiments on hundreds of images, we demonstrate that our method is domain agnostic and outperforms existing works in both reconstruction and perceptual quality for a fixed number of shapes. Moreover, we show that our algorithm is x10 faster than the state-of-the-art optimization-based method. Our code is publicly available: https://github.com/ajevnisek/optimize-and-reduce
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Hauthal, Eva, and Dirk Burghardt. "Action, Emotion, Opinion – A Taxonomy of Human Reactions Expressed in Location-Based Social Media." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-108-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A particular form of volunteered geographic information are data from location-based social media (LBSM), which are social network platforms that include location information into shared contents. Being increasingly used as a data source for geospatial research, LBSM data are applicable also outside science since they open up numerous opportunities. Social media networks are extensively used for expressing reactions towards a topic or an event (publicly or within a particular group of people) by exchanging thoughts, opinions, ideas, feelings etc. Key to any framework aiming for analysing these reactions is a definition of dimensions through which reactions can be characterised including ways of describing (What, Who, Where, When) and explaining (How) (Dunkel et al., 2019).</p><p>The dimensions What, Who, Where and When are invariably explored in many research projects dealing with LBSM, although not necessarily all four dimension are considered in combination in each case. Though, the dimension How has been also addressed so far but with a rather specific focus, like on emotions or sentiment (e.g. Hauthal & Burghardt, 2016). Nevertheless, a systematic breakdown what a reaction can be is lacking, i.e. in which ways people can react to events. The presented work aims at that by demerging the term ‘reaction’ and subsequently proposing a taxonomy.</p><p>The term ‘reaction’ occurs manifoldly and can describe behaviour or an unpleasant effect, but is also used in chemistry or physics. Within the scope of this work, reactions as a form of human behaviour are of interest. The Oxford English Dictionary defines a human reaction as “any response to an event; something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation, statement, etc.”1. Numerous other definitions hold this tripartition, which serves as the basis for the presented taxonomy. The tripartition is depicted in Figure 1.</p><p>An emotional reaction towards an event can be related to a past or a future event. In case of a past event, the emotions are referred to its consequences, which are either affecting the reacting person or others, and depend on whether these consequences are (un)desirable for others or whether expectations related to the consequences for self are relevant and, if so, got (dis)confirmed (Ortony, Clore & Collins, 1988). Emotions concerning a future event can evolve diversely based on the agency of the reacting person (Wahner, 2009).</p><p>A reaction can also occur in the form of an opinion, an appraising thought or an attitude. Opinions can be characterised regarding their content (pro, contra, neutral), holder (personal or collective opinion) and reference (public, scientific, legal, judicial, editorial opinion). Often, in LBSM, particular hashtags become established representing an opinion towards a matter and being used by people with the respective attitude (e.g. the hashtag #voteremain as a contra expression towards Brexit, prior the referendum on the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union in June 2016).</p><p>A reaction towards an event in terms of an action, i.e. doing something, can occur within LBSM or beyond. Actions within social media networks need to be regarded from a technical point of view and can be creating own, original content (e.g. tweeting, posting), reacting to content (e.g. liking, favourite), interacting/associating with content (e.g. replying, commenting, mentioning, following) or spreading content (e.g. retweeting, sharing) (Davis, 2016). These kinds of actions are contained in the metadata of LBSM posts. Moving beyond LBSM content as a reaction to an event can happen in the web (e.g. reading a blog post, signing up for a newsletter, downloading an ebook) or outside (e.g. going to a demonstration, stop smoking). Actions beyond LBSM may in turn be pre-announced or reported in LBSM.</p><p>By utilising an application case, the described three kinds of reactions will be studied and visualised cartographically. Possible extraction methods can include emotions recognition for emotional reactions, sentiment analysis or opinion mining for attitudinal reactions, activity modelling for action-related reactions. All these approaches could involve natural language processing, but could also consider emojis appearing in LBSM posts, for example emojis of faces depicting countenances or gestures as an expression of emotions, or emojis of common hand gestures, particularly of thumb signals as an indicator of opinions. Besides serving as input data, emojis will also be deployed as an output for metaphoric map symbols.</p>
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FRITZ, UWE, and OTTO KRAUS. "Comments on "Chersine Merrem, 1820 and Chersina Gray, 1831: a nomenclatural survey by Bour & Ohler, Zootaxa, 1752: 6668"." Zootaxa 1893, no. 1 (October 6, 2008): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1893.1.4.
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In a recent correspondence, Bour & Ohler (2008) readdress the question of whether or not Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 is the type species of the genus-group names Chersine Merrem, 1820 and Medaestia Wussow, 1916 (Reptilia: Testudines: Testudinidae). The senior author, Roger Bour, co-authored the earlier description of a new genus-group name for T. hermanni (Eurotestudo Lapparent de Broin, Bour, Parham & Perälä, 2006), a name considered as an objective junior synonym of both Chersine and Medaestia by Fritz & Bininda-Emonds (2007) and Fritz & Havaš (2007), who argued that all three names are based on the same type species, T. hermanni. Bour & Ohler (2008) disputed this conclusion. In the present paper, we wish to clarify nomenclatural issues raised by Bour & Ohler (2008).
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ONAN, Berna COŞKUN, and Mert ÜNLÜSOY. "Three-Dimensional Works Designed for Schools Without Studios: A Multiple-Case Study." Journal of Education and Learning 9, no. 6 (November 25, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n6p133.
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Based on the learning outcomes, values, skills/proficiency and job safety for grades 6, 7 and 8 from the 2017 Visual Arts Course Curriculum (MEB, 2017), outcomes related to three-dimensional work have been associated with care, love, responsibility and inquiry and activities “My Money”, “Abstract Sculpture” and “Talking Emojis” have been planned. They have been completed with visually rich presentations and step by step implementation phases and presented to the subject teachers intended for practices. In the data collection process, the activities were observed by the researcher, audio and video recording made and right after the activities interviews with the students and teachers were made and student work was collected to examine documentation. Data obtained during the data collection process have been analyzed with thematic analysis method and taking into consideration the basic characteristic of multiple case study and the themes obtained have been evaluated with the theme titles; “Connections”, “Internalization” and “Realization”. Among the outcomes of the results of the research are the facts that the bases of skill/proficiency, value and job safety are important at activity planning and that rich presentations and step by step applications can transfer the relevant outcomes of the students into behavior. It is also attention-grabbing that students, who gain the values of respect, love and care for their environment through three-dimensional work, can transfer mathematical, digital, social skills and those related to citizenship to their lives.
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Zouaidi, Safa. "Structures actancielles et profils discursifs de la combinatoire des verbes d’émotion en français et en arabe." Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature 44, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2020.44.1.147-160.
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<p>The work is at the syntactic and discursive level: the active form of the verbs affects in French and Arabic: two verbs of emotion (<em>to</em> <em>rage</em> and its equivalent [ʕaɣḍaba] and two verbs of feeling (<em>to</em> <em>admire</em> and its equivalent [ʔaʕʒaba]). These are studied from the perspective of information dynamics within the sentence (Van Valin & LaPolla, 1997). The study is based on the French journalistic corpus EmoBase (Emolex 120M word project) and on the journalistic corpus ArabiCorpus (130M words).</p>
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Pınarbaşı, Fatih, and İbrahim Kırçova. "Emoji usage in brand communication through social media: An evaluation on Turkey context." Turkish Journal of Marketing 6, no. 1 (April 25, 2021): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30685/tujom.v6i1.109.
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As one of the crucial elements in today’s communication, the emoji concept contains helpful insights about the market environment and brand communication. The research on emoji concept for Turkey context is limited and primarily based on traditional marketing research approaches, and this study aims to provide a data-based approach for understanding the concept by a 25.134 tweets sample from 5 industries/25 brands. The first section of the study uses the data retrieved through Twitter API by an exploratory approach that utilizes emoji presence, emoji density, and emoji variety variables. The second stage filters the sample by average interaction amounts and examines the sample by emoji categories and emotions. 21% emoji intensity and 15% emoji variety are found for the overall sample, while the smileys & people category is the most used category in the second stage sample. Top used emojis and emoji sentiment findings are also concluded in the study.
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Choe, Jongin, Taemin Lee, and Sanghyun Seo. "Augmented-Reality-Based 3D Emotional Messenger for Dynamic User Communication with Smart Devices." Electronics 9, no. 7 (July 10, 2020): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071127.
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With the development of Internet technologies, chat environments have migrated from PCs to mobile devices. Conversations have moved from phone calls and text messages to mobile messaging services or “messengers,” which has led to a significant surge in the use of mobile messengers such as Line and WhatsApp. However, because these messengers mainly use text as the communication medium, they have the inherent disadvantage of not effectively representing the user’s nonverbal expressions. In this context, we propose a new emotional communication messenger that improves upon the limitations of existing static expressions in current messenger applications. We develop a chat messenger based on augmented reality (AR) technology using smartglasses, which are a type of a wearable device. To this end, we select a server model that is suitable for AR, and we apply an effective emotional expression method based on 16 different basic emotions classified as per Russell’s model. In our app, these emotions can be expressed via emojis, animations, particle effects, and sound clips. Finally, we verify the efficacy of our messenger by conducting a user study to compare it with current 2D-based messenger services. Our messenger service can serve as a prototype for future AR-based messenger apps.
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Asif, Muqaddas, Ameer B. Khoso, Nasim Chaudhry, Imran B. Chaudhry, and Muhammad Ishrat Husain. "Development and Preliminary Testing of App-Based Culturally-Adapted Psychoeducation for Bipolar Disorder in Pakistan." BJPsych Open 10, S1 (June 2024): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.110.
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AimsBipolar disorder (BD) leads to marked disability, morbidity, and premature death. Although pharmacological agents are an essential part of BD treatment, psychosocial interventions have played an important role in enhancing treatment adherence, functioning and quality of life in patients with BD. Building on a successful pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) of a Culturally adapted PsychoEducation (CaPE) intervention for BD, CaPE is currently being evaluated in a large multicenter RCT for its clinical and cost-effectiveness across Pakistan. However, innovations are urgently needed due to limited human resources and disproportionately high clinical needs to bring effective interventions to scale. This study aims to develop and test a mHealth iteration of CaPE, digital CaPE (dCaPE), to be delivered via a mobile app.MethodsThe study will utilise a two-phased approach to i) develop a user-centred dCaPE mobile application and ii) assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of dCaPE for people with BD in a randomised controlled trial in Pakistan. For application development, we have conducted discussion groups with stakeholders i.e., mental health professionals (psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses) (n = 8) and patients and carers (n = 10) to gauge their valuable insights for app design, visual elements, cultural sensitivity, motivational and mood-monitoring features, and app functionality to improve user experience.ResultsThe findings from discussion groups informed the importance of visual elements, specifically font size and style. Participants recommended the use of soft and soothing colours like white, grey, and soft shades of pink to prevent overstimulation. Additionally, participants highlighted the need for culturally and linguistically inclusive features, including emojis and audio messages for effective engagement and to address the challenge of low literacy. The mHealth approach was deemed highly valuable, especially given the prevalence of mental health challenges and associated stigma. Endorsed by participants, the dCaPE application will offer customized psychoeducation messages along with daily 5-item (mood, energy, sleep, medication, and irritability) screening, a weekly comprehensive test for manic and depressive episodes based on DSM–5 criteria; weekly reminders to regulate sleep and eating habits, and visual representations of weekly mood monitoring reports with the incentive of badges or rewards for goal achievers.ConclusionThis research has the potential to enhance clinical outcomes, social and occupational functioning, and the overall quality of life for BD patients while addressing substantial mental health treatment gaps with impact and implications extending to various low-resource settings.
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Mohammad, Wan Moharani, Nurhasma Muhamad Saad, and Muhammad Marwan Ismail. "ANALYSIS OF THE MALAY TRANSLATION RELATED TO SADNESS IN MAJDULIN BY AL-MANFALUTI." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 8, no. 50 (June 28, 2023): 664–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.850047.
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Expression of feelings can be found in a writer’s literary works. As a result, the expression of feelings or emotions is common in literary works. The translation of emotional aspects in literary works requires a great deal of effort and careful observation in order to convey the original author's meanings to the target language. Majdulin, a novel by Mustafa Lufti al-Manfaluti, a well-known modern Arab literary writer, manages to present the reader with a variety of emotional aspects. In his literary works, Al-Manfaluti is noted for expressing sadness. This article aims to analyze the Malay translation of the sadness elements found in the novel. This article is based on a qualitative study, descriptive and comparative analysis. The study's samples are selected texts from the Malay translation of Majdulin that are related to sadness. This article benefits from the perspective of muslim scholars on sadness, as well as the translation procedures of Vinay & Darbelnet. It is found that different translation procedures can be seen in the translation of texts related to sadness in this novel. It is hoped that literary translations use such translation procedures, especially when dealing with the aspect of sadness.
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Nurmalita, Rully, and Farida Hidayati. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA REGULASI EMOSI DENGAN KOMPETENSI INTERPERSONAL PADA REMAJA PANTI ASUHAN." Jurnal EMPATI 3, no. 4 (October 22, 2014): 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/empati.2014.7613.
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Kompetensi interpersonal merupakan kemampuan memulai dan membina hubungan dengan orang lain, memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan manusia sebagai makhluk sosial khususnya remaja. Kehidupan remaja di panti asuhan akan memberikan dampak yang berbeda bagi setiap perkembangan remaja baik perkembangan fisik, psikis, emosional maupun sosial. Regulasi emosi menentukan bagaimana seseorang berperilaku sesuai situasi yang dihadapi. Regulasi emosi merupakan kemampuan individu untuk dapat mengatur emosi yang muncul dalam dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara regulasi emosi dengan kompetensi interpersonal pada remaja panti asuhan. Pada regulasi emosi peneliti menggunakan tiga aspek dari Thompson (dalam Gross 2007), yaitu memonitor emosi, mengevaluasi emosi, dan memodifikasi emosi. Sedangkan kompetensi interpersonal disusun berdasarkan aspek dari Burhmester (dalam Dayakisni & Hudaniah, 2006), yaitu kemampuan berinisiatif, kemampuan bersikap terbuka, kemampuan bersikap asertif, kemampuan memberikan dukungan emosional dan kemampuan mengatasi konflik.
Subjek penelitian ini adalah remaja panti asuhan di Semarang. Diambil dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling, sebanyak 117 remaja panti asuhan di Semarang menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua buah skala psikologi, yaitu skala regulasi emosi dengan 22 aitem valid (α=0,804) dan skala kompetensi interpersonal dengan 32 aitem valid (α=0,885). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi sederhana.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan koefisien korelasi rxy = 0,662 dengan p=0,000 (p
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Albaaly, Emad. "Effectiveness of Microsoft Teams in Student Teachers' Achievement in an EFL Teaching Methods Course." English Language Teaching 16, no. 1 (November 24, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v16n1p1.
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The effectiveness of the Microsoft Teams platform in various subject areas was evident in literature, particularly as much as reflected by students’ and instructors’ perceptions and as rarely as proven by students’ achievement on tests. It also appeared that achievement in EFL teaching methodology courses through assessing Microsoft Teams' effectiveness in students' achievement appeared not to have been addressed. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the platform in student teachers' achievement of an EFL Teaching Methods I course offered at the Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, Egypt, as well as the students’ perceptions of the platform. The study adopted a quasi-experimental approach comprising an experimental group teaching via the platform and another in the traditional face-to-face method. Thirty-two third-year student participants training to be future teachers were involved in the study, forming an equal student number in both groups (n. 16). The study designed and administered an achievement pretest-posttest and a student perception form. Results indicated that the platform was effective in the achievement of the EFL Teaching Methods I course at the experimental group level. It proved even more effective than the traditional method at the experimental-control levels. The participants reported they were generally in favor of the platform. Reasons included the platform utilization of interactive tasks, such as chat rooms, content-sharing, webinars, files, calls, email communication, class notebook, calendars, assignments, and emojis featured by the platform. The study recommends that knowledgeable instructors who are skillful at using the platform capabilities should make a difference in students’ learning reflected by their students’ significant achievement and perceptions.
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XU, CAIMING, SILEI SUI, Keisuke Okuno, Silvia Pascual-Sabater, Cristina Fillat, and Ajay Goel. "Abstract 3821: Berberine and emodin synergistically suppress the EGFR signaling cascade by targeting LAMB3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 3821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3821.
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Abstract Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating malignancies due to the development of intrinsic chemoresistance following chemotherapy. Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are intimately linked to cellular proliferation, invasion, and acquisition of chemoresistance in PDAC cells, making them promising therapeutic targets in this malignancy. Naturally occurring dietary botanicals, including berberine (BER) and emodin (EMO), have been shown to suppress ECM as one of the mechanism(s) for their anti-tumorigenic activity, along with their time-tested safety and cost-effectiveness. In addition, both BER and EMO are also known to induce apoptosis by modulating different pathways and regulating pro-apoptotic genes. Herein, we hypothesized that combined treatment with BER and EMO might exhibit synergistic anticancer efficacy by targeting the ECM and apoptotic pathways in PDAC cells. Methods: We undertook genomewide transcriptomic profiling analysis to identify critical ECM-related genes differentially expressed in PDAC. Subsequently, the TCGA dataset was analyzed to identify the prognostic significance of ECM-associated genes with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in PDAC. A series of cell culture experiments were performed using PDAC cells, followed by their validation in patient-derived organoids to examine the synergistic anti-proliferative and chemopreventive effects of BER and EMO against PDAC. Results: Transcriptomic profiling identified that LAMB3 expression was significantly upregulated in PDAC tissue (P < 0.01) and was significantly associated with poor OS and DFS in PDAC patients (P < 0.01). The combination of BER and EMO displayed superior synergistic anti-tumor potential in PDAC cells vs. individual compounds, as revealed by cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion assays. The combination of BER and EMO also altered the expression of key proteins involved in cellular apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, and EGFR/ERK//AKT growth factor signaling pathways. Finally, these findings were successfully validated in PDAC patient-derived 3D organoids. Conclusions: We provide the first evidence that combined treatment with berberine and emodin exerts synergistic anti-cancer activity in PDAC, primarily regulated through the LAMB3-mediated interaction with other members of the EGFR-signaling pathway. Citation Format: CAIMING XU, SILEI SUI, Keisuke Okuno, Silvia Pascual-Sabater, Cristina Fillat, Ajay Goel. Berberine and emodin synergistically suppress the EGFR signaling cascade by targeting LAMB3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3821.