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Pålsson, Andreas, and Daniel Szerszen. "Sentiment Classification in Social Media : An Analysis of Methods and the Impact of Emoticon Removal." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187481.
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Sentiment classification is the process of analyzing data and classifying it based on its sentiment conveying properties and the process has a multitude of applications in different industries. However, the different application areas also introduce diverse challenges in implementing the methods successfully. This report examines two of the main approaches commonly used for sentiment classification which entail the use of machine learning and a glossary of weighted words respectively. In addition, preprocessing is explored as an enhancement to the previously mentioned approaches. The approaches are tested on data collected from Twitter to examine their performance in social media. The results indicate that lexicon-based classifiers are the most performant, and that removal of emoticons increases the correctness of classification.Att kategorisera text beroende på vilken känsla som uttrycks har fått många användningsområden i många industrier. De olika användningsområdena introducerar olika svårigheter att på ett korrekt och konsekvent sätt uppfylla de krav som ställs. Denna rapport avser utforska och bedöma två tillvägagångssätt, ett i form av maskininlärning samt en metod som jämför orden i en text med ordvikter från ett fördefinierat lexikon. Utöver detta analyseras emoji-borttagning som ett möjligt förbättringssätt till båda tillvägagångssätten. Metoderna är testade på data taget från Twitter i syfte att analysera prestandan när data från sociala medier används. Resultaten indikerar att den lexikon-baserade metoden presterar bättre, och att borttagning av emojis ökar korrektheten av klassificeringen.
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Dahlgren, Oksana. "Ungdomars identitet genom chatspråk." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-32103.
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AbstraktDahlgren, O (2009). Ungdomars identitet genom chatspråk (The Identity of Youth throughthe Language of Chat) Malmö: Lärarutbildningen: Malmö högskolaExamensarbetet beskriver identitetssökandeprocessen bland ungdomar och på vilket sättchatspråk formar dagens ungdomars identitet. Syftet med examensarbetet är att beskrivaungdomsperioden och ge en syn på hur chatt formar den nutida ungdomens identitet.Dessutom syftar arbetet till att bidra till föräldrars och vuxnas medvetenhet om en sådanungdoms livssituation för att de skall kunna ha förståelse för ungdomarna, acceptera derasbeteende och språk och vara ett stöd. Arbetet har utgått ifrån följande frågor: Vad kan enidentitetssökandeprocess bland ungdomar innebära? På vilket sätt kan chatt och chatspråkforma ungdomars identitet? De metoder som använts för att få svar på frågeställningarna harvarit att intervjua ungdomar om chatt och chatspråk och att göra en undersökning av utdragenur chatt av de intervjuade ungdomarna. Den teoretiska bakgrunden bestod avjagidentitetsbegreppet samt den psykoanalytiska teorin och det socialpsykologiskaperspektivet och begreppen chatt och språk. Resultatet pekar på att chatt är en del av dennutida ungdomens vardag. Slutsatsen i examensarbetet är att chatt och chatspråk formardagens ungdomars identitet genom att ge dem tillhörighet till en grupp och är ett fält där dekan uttrycka sin personlighet.Nyckelord: Ungdomar, identitet, chatt, chatspråk, MSN, smiley, emoticon.AbstractDahlgren, O (2009). Ungdomars identitet genom chatspråk (The Identity of Youth throughthe Language of Chat) Malmö: Lärarutbildningen: Malmö högskolaThis examination work describes the identity searching process among youths and in whatway chat language forms the identity of the today’s youths. The purpose of the examinationwork is to describe the youth period and give a view of in what way chat forms the today’syouths identity. Further more this work aims to contribute to parents´ and grown-ups´awareness about such a situation of life among youth, for them to be able to haveunderstanding for the youths, accept their behavior and language and to support them. Thework is based on the following questions: What may the identity searching process mean? Inwhat way may chat and chat language form the youth’s identity? The methods which wereused to get answers of the issues have been to interview the youths about chat, and chatlanguage, and to make a research of extracts from the personal chat examples of theinterviewed group. The theoretical background consisted of the I-identity definition, as wellas the psychoanalytical theory and the social psychological theory, and the definitions of chatand language. The result indicates towards that chat and chat language is a part of today’syouth’s everyday life. The conclusion of the examination work is the following: chat and chatlanguage form the today’s youth identity by means of giving them the feeling of belonging toa group and is a field for expression of their personality.Keywords: Youth, identity, chat, chat language, MSN, smiley, emotional icon.
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Kelly, Caroline. "Do you know what I mean > :( : A linguistic study of the understanding ofemoticons and emojis in text messages." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27611.
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This study investigates the understanding of emoticons and emojis used in text messages. Theaim of this study is to determine whether there is a universal understanding of emoticons andemojis, which is important considering the number of people using them every day whensending text messages. Many studies have been made of communication via text messagesand the usage of emoticons and emojis, but no study has focused on the interpretation of thesymbols and the importance of the context.For the purposes of this study, a questionnaire was completed in an uppersecondary school (Swedish gymnasium) in Stockholm, during normal school hours inNovember 2014, by 90 16-19 year old students. The result was then analysed through a‘Relevance Theory’ perspective, and in the light of the works of, amongst others, Saussure,Peirce and Thomas.The result revealed that, for the interpreter of a text message, it is important thata textual context is established, in order for the interpreter to be able to understand what theemoticons or emojis used in text messages mean. The result also showed that the emoticonsand emojis do not have a meaning in themselves and that they can have different meaningsdepending on the situation, and the mood or the person for whom the message is intended.
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Berg, Ingrid. "När orden inte räcker till : en kvalitatitv intervjustudie om barns användning av mobilspråket emoji." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33048.
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Araya, Jose Manuel. "Emotion and predictive processing : emotions as perceptions?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33156.
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In this Thesis, I systematize, clarify, and expand the current theory of emotion based on the principles of predictive processing-the interoceptive inference view of emotion-so as to show the following: (1) as it stands, this view is problematic. (2) Once expanded, the view in question can deal with its more pressing problems, and it compares favourably to competing accounts. Thus, the interoceptive inference view of emotion stands out as a plausible theory of emotion. According to the predictive processing (PP) framework, all what the brain does, in all its functions, is to minimize its precision-weighted prediction error (PE) (Clark, 2013, 2016; Hohwy, 2013). Roughly, PE consist in the difference between the sensory signals expected (and generated) from the top-down and the actual, incoming sensory signals. Now, in the PP framework, visual percepts are formed by minimizing visual PE in a specific manner: via visual perceptual inference. That is, the brain forms visual percepts in a top-down fashion by predicting its incoming lower-level sensory signals from higher-level models of the likely (hidden) causes of those visual signals. Such models can be seen as putting forward content-specifying hypotheses about the object or event responsible for triggering incoming sensory activity. A contentful percept is formed once a certain hypothesis achieves to successfully match, and thus supress, current lower-level sensory signals. In the interoceptive inference approach to interoception (Seth, 2013, 2015), the principles of PP have been extended to account for interoception, i.e., the perception of our homeostatic, physiological condition. Just as perception in the visual domain arises via visual perceptual inference, the interoceptive inference approach holds that perception of the inner, physiological milieu arises via interoceptive perceptual inference. Now, what might be called the interoceptive inference theory of valence (ITV) holds that the interoceptive inference approach can be used so as to account for subjective feeling states in general, i.e., mental states that feel good or bad-i.e., valenced mental states. According to ITV, affective valence arises by way of interoceptive perceptual inference. On the other hand, what might be called the interoceptive inference view of emotion (IIE) holds that the interoceptive inference approach can be used so as to account for emotions per se (e.g., fear, anger, joy). More precisely, IIE holds that, in direct analogy to the way in which visual percepts are formed, emotions arise from interoceptive predictions of the causes of current interoceptive afferents. In other words, emotions per se amount to interceptive percepts formed via higher-level, content-specifying emotion hypotheses. In this Thesis, I aim to systematize, clarify, and expand the interoceptive inference approach to interoception, in order to show that: (1) contrary to non-sensory theories of affective valence, valence is indeed constituted by interoceptive perceptions, and that interoceptive percepts do arise via interoceptive perceptual inference. Therefore, ITV holds. (2) Considering that IIE exhibits problematic assumptions, it should be amended. In this respect, I will argue that emotions do not arise via interoceptive perceptual inference (as IIE claims), since this assumes that there must be regularities pertaining to emotion in the physiological domain. I will suggest that emotions arise instead by minimizing interoceptive PE in another fashion. That is, emotions arise via external interoceptive active inference: by sampling and modifying the external environment in order to change an already formed interoceptive percept (which has been formed via interoceptive perceptual inference). That is, emotions are specific strategies for regulating affective valence. More precisely, I will defend the view that a certain emotion E amounts to a specific strategy for minimizing interoceptive PE by way of a specific set of stored knowledge of the counterfactual relations that obtain between (possible) actions and its prospective interoceptive, sensory consequences ("if I act in this manner, interoceptive signals should evolve in such-and-such way"). An emotion arises when such knowledge is applied in order to regulate valence.
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Friesen, Andrew P. ""Catching" emotions : emotion regulation in sport dyads." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621877.
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The purpose of the present research programme was to inform the development and subsequent delivery of an intervention to enhance interpersonal emotion regulation. Although emotion regulation has been emphasised due to its importance in explaining performance and well-being, the focus of research has predominantly been on intrapersonal emotion regulation. The present study addressed the dual-gap in research by extending research in interpersonal emotion regulation in general and developing and testing theory-led interventions for use in sport. A three-stage programme of research was set up with stage one reviewing the extant literature before proposing a social-functional approach to emotions, and in particular the Emotions As Social Information (EASI) model, as possible theoretical frameworks for use in sport. Qualitative methods were emphasised as these are particularly useful in studies seeking to identify mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of interventions. Stage two began with a narrative analysis to outline the potential social functions and consequences of emotional expressions, verbalisations, and actions in ice hockey. Two ice hockey players, each captain of their respective team, participated in semi-structured interviews. Participants described how emotions informed them of important circumstances in their environment that required attention and prepared them for such challenges at the individual level. At a dyadic level, emotions helped participants understand the emotional states and intentions of their teammates contributing toward an assessment of the extent to which they were prepared to face their challenges. At a group level, emotions helped participants lead their teammates in meeting team goals. Finally, at the cultural level, emotions helped participants maintain culture-related identities. Stage two continued with examining the processes, strategies used, and potential moderating factors in interpersonal emotion regulation among 16 ice hockey players from an English professional league. An inductive and deductive analysis revealed 22 distinct strategies used to regulate teammates' emotions. These were distinguished between strategies that were verbal or behavioural in nature. They were further distinguished between strategies employed to initiate interpersonal emotion regulation through affective and cognitive channels. Moderating factors in the interpersonal emotion regulation process were consistent with the EASI model. Stage three involved the development, delivery and assessment of the intervention. A British ice hockey team was recruited and the intervention was delivered over the course of three competitive seasons. The primary intervention goal was to improve interpersonal emotion regulation as evidenced by being able to accurately identify when an emotion regulation strategy was needed, and select and use a strategy that changed emotions in the direction and strength intended (Webb, Miles, & Sheeran, 2012). Given the link between emotion and performance, it was expected that the intervention would bring about improvements in individual and team performance. Techniques to bring about change comprised of brief contact interventions, dressing room debriefs, feedback from emotional intelligence assessments, and the practitioner managing himself as an intervention tool. The merit of the intervention was judged through practitioner reflections, social validity assessments, pre- and post-intervention measures of emotional intelligence and performance. Collectively, the present research programme contributes to the emotion regulation literature not only in sport, but also in psychology in general. A key achievement of the programme has been the development of a theoretically sound but ecologically valid intervention designed to improve the interpersonal emotion regulation skills of athletes. Although the intervention primarily catered to the needs of the current team and utilised the professional philosophy of the researcher-practitioner, the intervention provides support for enhanced performance derived from theory explaining a social-functional account of emotions. Future research might use the theory and approach to testing the theory in different sports to examine the role of each sport sub-culture on interpersonal emotion regulation.
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Laukka, Petri. "Vocal Expression of Emotion : Discrete-emotions and Dimensional Accounts." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala universitet, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4666.
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Perez-Rivera, Marie Belle. "Mothers' beliefs about emotions, mother-child emotion discourse, and children's emotion understanding in Latino families." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32229.
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The purpose of this study was to better understand associations between acculturation, parental beliefs, mother-child emotion talk, and emotion understanding in Latino preschool-aged children. Research on Latino families may prove to be important given the little research that has focused on emotion understanding strictly in Latino cultures. Forty Latino mother-child dyads were observed throughout a series of naturalistic observations. Mothers self-reported their acculturation and their beliefs about the value and danger of childrenâ s emotions, childrenâ s emotional development processes, and their role in guiding their childrenâ s emotions. Mother-child emotion talk and framing was measured during a 15 minute story-telling task using a Lego house and through a wordless picture book. Childrenâ s emotion understanding was measured using two standard tasks. Results showed that mothersâ acculturation was related to their beliefs about the danger of emotions, their role in guiding their childâ s emotions, and their childâ s readiness to learn about emotions. Mothersâ acculturation was also related to childrenâ s emotion understanding. Mothersâ beliefs about guiding childrenâ s emotions were related to mothersâ labeling of emotions and to childrenâ s emotion understanding. This study confirms and expands several previous findings relating to emotion socialization of children. Overall, results highlight the importance of acculturation for parentsâ beliefs about emotions and childrenâ s emotion understanding.Master of Science
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Rönn, Linnea. "Nyanserna i en emoticons leende : En kvantitativ innehållsanalys av språkegenskaper i chattforumet Facebook Messenger." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24426.
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Jag undersöker chattmeddelandet i forumet Facebook Messenger för att se om jag kan finna mönster i de språkliga egenskaper som återfinns. Jag undersöker om egenskaperna innehar mest talspråkliga eller mest skriftspråkliga egenskaper, alternativt om egenskaperna kan anses vara unika för internetchatt. Syftet är att betrakta om chattspråk kan anses vara en självständig varietet i svenska språket. Materialet består av chattkonversationer från tio informanter födda på 1990-talet samt sju informanter födda på 1960-talet. Genom att söka språkliga mönster hos två olika åldersgrupper går det att belysa huruvida konventionella språkegenskaper i chatt kan vara en generationsfråga. Jag använder en kvantitativ innehållsanalys för att analysera mitt material då jag har valt att kvantifiera de chattspråksegenskaper som jag har funnit. Jag har kvalitativa inslag i min analys för att ha möjlighet att tolka mitt resultat. Det går att finna mönster i informanternas chattspråk. Det är vanligt att informanter brukar två utropstecken på rad, ”!!”, när de vill betona något i sitt meddelande. Det är också vanligt att utelämna information från chattmeddelanden: framförallt subjektspronomen eller prepositioner. Det finns skillnader åldersgrupperna emellan. De yngre informanterna brukar många emoticoner medan de äldre gör det vid enstaka tillfällen. De yngre informanterna brukar emoticoner som satsavdelare – i stället för punkt och kommatecken – medan de äldre skriver enligt mer formella skriftspråksnormer. De äldre informanterna skriver ofta inledningar och avslutningar på sina meddelanden vilket de yngre inte gör. Chattspråk, eller internetspråk, kan sägas vara en självständig språkvarietet även om de flesta språkliga egenskaperna inte är genuint nya. Verksamheten för kommunikation styr språket. Syftet med var och varför människor skriver till varandra har förändrats på grund av internet, vilket påverkar språket.
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Stanley, Jennifer Tehan. "Emotion recognition in context." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24617.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Blanchard-Fields, Fredda; Committee Member: Corballis, Paul; Committee Member: Hertzog, Christopher; Committee Member: Isaacowitz, Derek; Committee Member: Kanfer, Ruth
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Kleef, Gerben Alexander van. "Emotion in social conflict the interpersonal effects of emotions in negotiations /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/73573.
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Laws, Ben. "Emotions in prison : an exploration of space, emotion regulation and expression." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/280669.
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Emotions remain notably underexplored in both criminology and prisons research. This thesis sets out to address this problem by centralizing the importance of emotions in prison: especially the way prisoners express and regulate their affective states. To collect the data, 25 male and 25 female prisoners were 'shadowed', observed and interviewed across two prisons (HMP Send and HMP Ranby). Based on these findings, this thesis describes the emotional world of prisoners and their various 'affective' strategies. The three substantive chapters reveal the textured layers and various emotional states experienced by prisoners: first, at the level of the self (psychological); second, as existing between groups (social emotions); and, third, in relation to the physical environment (spatial). An individual substantive chapter is dedicated to each of these three levels of analysis. A primary finding was the prevalence of a wide range of 'emotion management' strategies among prisoners. One such strategy was emotion suppression, which was extremely salient among both men and women. While this emotion suppression was, in part, a product of pre-prison experiences it was also strongly influenced by institutional practices. Importantly, there was a strong correlation between prisoners who suppressed emotions and who were subsequently involved in violence (towards others, or inflicted upon themselves). A second key finding was the wide range of emotions that exist within, and are shaped by, different prison spaces-previous accounts have described prison as emotionally sterile, or characterised by anxiety and fear but this study develops the idea that prisons have an 'emotional geography' or affective 'map'. The study findings have implications for the 'emotional survivability' of our prisons; the need to open legitimate channels for emotional expression; and designing prisoners that are supportive, safe and secure establishments for prisoners to live in.
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Maclellan, Susanne. "Using emotions : biological and social factors influencing emotion understanding and antisociality." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11908/.
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People are guided by their emotions which in turn are a consequence of their understanding of others’ emotion expressions. Their skills to read and accurately identify others’ emotion expressions are a key ingredient for good emotion understanding. That is, accurate emotion identification can be considered as the first frontier of successful emotion understanding, and as the first step of a sequence which results in empathic responding. Impairment within this sequence might mean that the way people respond to their environment may not be appropriate or even cause harm to others. Children and adolescents with callous-unemotional traits have difficulties reading emotional cues correctly, specifically those cues which show others in distress. Such an impairment is thought to underlie a distinct pathway to severe and stable antisocial behaviour. Conventional methods of curbing the antisocial behaviour of children with high callous-unemotional traits such as punishment or time-out do not have the desired effect. Instead, this group of individuals seems to respond well to parental warmth and sensitive responding. Given that children start to learn early how to read and respond to emotions in an empathic manner through interactions, parents have a potential role by intervening early to foster good emotional and social skills even in children with high callous-unemotional traits. Study 1 tested whether adolescent boys with high callous-unemotional traits exhibit an impairment that is specific to distress cues such as fear, sadness or pain as difficulties to recognise such cues in others may impair typical inhibition to behave in an antisocial manner. In Study 2, it was expected that successful parental scaffolding is dependent on parent’s own emotion understanding skills, and therefore, study 2 investigated ways in which parents can scaffold emotion understanding in typically developing children, e.g. through talking about others’ emotion states and through engaging children in mutual eye gaze. Study 3 examined the impact that varying levels of child callous-unemotional traits have on parent-child interaction. Specifically, it was of interest whether children with high callous-unemotional traits are willing to engage with their parents on an emotional level permitting successful parental scaffolding. Parental understanding of emotions was tested in terms of promoting parental sensitive responsiveness. In sum, there are three main points the present thesis contributed: first, findings of Study 1 and 3 support a theory of emotion processing impairment that is not specific to fear or sadness, but describe a broader impairment of a failure to engage with the emotional environment and attend to salient emotional stimuli. Second, this thesis confirms the value of studying callous-unemotional traits in adolescents and young children as well as their parents. Third, findings of Studies 2 and 3 support the important role parents play in the lives of their children with callous-unemotional traits, specifically through their own emotion understanding.
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Nesbitt, Catherine. "Emotion and trauma : underlying emotions and trauma symptoms in two flooded populations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4021.
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Flood literature presents an inconsistent account of post-disaster distress; debating whether distress is pathological or normal and attempting to understand distress in terms of disaster variables. The literature therefore provides little guidance as to how to formulate difficulties in a clinically meaningful way reflective of individual’s experiences. The SPAARS model is presented as a model by which to reconcile these differences and quantitative support for its concepts were studied within two flooded samples. Participants who were flooded in Carlisle in 2005 (n=32) and participants flooded in Morpeth in 2008 (n=29) provided two samples at different stages in flood recovery and facilitated a quasi-longitudinal sample for comparison of flood-related distress over time. Participants were asked to complete a survey pertaining to: basic emotions experienced during the flood event, basic emotions experienced after the flood, Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (REQ) and the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI). Findings suggest that a third of participants who were flooded experienced clinically significant levels of distress, even after four years. Both samples showed higher levels of impact symptoms on the IES compared to symptoms on the TSI. Anxiety and anger were significant in reported flood experiences both during and after the flooding. Flood-related variables and previous experiences had no effect on increased distress but greater use of internal-dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies was related to increased impact and distress symptoms. Study findings and the SPAARS model are discussed in relation to previous flooding and PTSD literature, as well as clinical implications for the treatment of post-disaster distress and for the future management of flood-affected populations.
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Caswell, Nicole I. "RECONSIDER EMOTION: UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ EMOTIONS AND TEACHERS’ RESPONSE PRACTICES." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340319622.
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Golan, Ofer. "Systemising emotions : teaching emotion recognition to people with autism using interactive multimedia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252028.
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Recognition of emotions and mental states (ER) in others is a core difficulty for individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). In contrast, they show good skills in ‘systemizing’- understanding non-agentive systems. This thesis evaluated the effectiveness of Mind Reading, a computer program teaching ER from a wide range of facial expression videos and recorded speech segments, systematically presented. Three different experiments tested the effectiveness of a minimum of 10 hours of software use over a period of 10-15 weeks among individuals with ASC. Experiments included evaluation of independent use of the software by adults and by 8-11 year olds with ASC, and tutor and group supported use of the software in adults with ASC. ER skills were assessed on four levels of generalisation before and after the training period, and compared to matched ASC and typically developing control groups. Results showed improved ER for software users from faces and voices, compared to the ASC control groups. Improvement was mostly limited to faces and voices which were included in the software. Generalisation to stimuli not included in the software was found in the children experiment, in the vocal and visual channels separately. Follow up assessment after a year showed greater improvement on general socio-emotional functioning measures among child and adult software users, compared to ASC controls. These results suggest that individuals with ASC can improve their ability to recognise emotions using systematic computer-based training with long term effects, but may need further tutoring to prevent hyper-systemising, and to enhance generalisation to other situations and stimuli. The reasons behind generalisation difficulties and the study’s limitations are discussed, and suggestions for future work are offered.
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Moore, Rebecca R. "Mothers' Responses to their Children's Negative Emotions and their Effects on Emotion Regulation." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19931.
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Research on the socialization of emotion has examined the role of parents’ behavioural responses to children’s negative emotions in the development of a number of psychosocial outcomes for children. Parents’ unsupportive socialization practices have predicted poorer social and emotional functioning both in childhood and later in adulthood. The current study aimed to broaden existing knowledge of the nature and impact of parent emotion socialization practices on emotion regulation. This was done through an exploration of the emotional, cognitive, and behavioural aspects of mothers’ responses to their children’s anger and sadness; by examining the impact of factors such as child gender and age as well as contextual factors on mothers’ responses; and by examining the impact of socialization practices on the development of emotion regulation.
An online community sample of 114 mothers of 6- to 10-year-old children read a series of hypothetical situations in which they were asked to imagine their child responding with either anger or sadness. Mothers reported on their emotional responses, their acceptance of their child’s reaction, their causal attributions, and their socialization responses. Mothers also completed measures that assessed perceived social support, recent stressful life events, and the emotion regulation abilities of their child.
Mothers were generally positive and supportive in their responses. Mothers were more likely to endorse negative responses to anger than sadness Responses did not differ according to the gender or age of the child. There was general consistency in the tendency to react positively or negatively. High levels of stressful life events predicted anger and punishment responses to child anger. Minimization of sadness was predicted by lower educational status. No other contextual factors were significant. As expected, minimization of sadness and anger both emerged as significant predictors of poorer emotion regulation in children; problem-focused responses predicted better emotion regulation for anger not sadness; unexpectedly emotion-focused responses to anger predicted poorer emotion regulation.
Results are discussed in relation to the existing literature on the socialization of emotion and child outcomes. Limitations of this study and future directions for the research are discussed.
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Middleton, Katherine. "Encounters with emotion : the experience of emotions in decision-making in normal individuals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275973.
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Lauritzen, Michael Kenneth. "Acoustic Mediation of Vocalized Emotion Identification: Do Decoders Identify Emotions Idiographically or Nomothetically?" Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3352.pdf.
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Sampasivam, Lavanya. "Goal orientations and emotions: the role of cognitive appraisals and emotion regulation strategies." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119402.
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Goal orientations are posited to create a framework for how students interpret and experience achievement settings, which subsequently affect their achievement emotions. To date, the empirical picture relating goal orientations and emotions have largely been inconsistent. Three competing theoretical frameworks that describe perceived progress, control-value appraisals, and emotion regulation strategies as mediators and moderators of the relations between goal orientations and emotions were examined. Two hundred seventy-three undergraduate students completed self-report measures of their goal orientations, emotions, perceived progress, control, value, and emotion regulation strategies. Structural equation modeling was used to compare the three models. Mastery (i.e., enjoyment and hope) and performance-approach (i.e., hope) orientations were generally positively related to positive emotions, whereas performance-avoidance orientation was positively related to negative emotions (i.e., anxiety). Bootstrap analyses were then conducted to identify significant mediators. Results revealed that perceived progress partially mediated the relationship between mastery goals and enjoyment and hope. Suppression partially mediated the relationship between mastery goals and boredom. Linear regression analyses were also carried out to identify if emotion regulation strategies moderate relations between goal orientations and emotions. Analyses revealed five significant interactions between goal orientations and emotion regulation strategies (i.e., performance-approach goals and cognitive restructuring, performance-avoidance goals and cognitive restructuring, performance-avoidance goals and wishful thinking, mastery goals and wishful thinking and mastery goals and social withdrawal). These results support some emerging findings in the literature but also add new direction to this field of study by showing that there are direct, mediating, and moderating effects in the relations between goal orientations and emotions. Despite a number of limitations identified in this study, these results provide additional evidence for the complexity among relations between goal orientations and emotions and suggest that more research is needed in this important area.La capacité à s'orienter vers un but découle d'un cadre interprétatif déterminant l'interprétation de l'étudiant de son expérience des éléments de réussite fournis par l'environnement. Cette interprétation serait en lien direct avec les émotions ressenties qui sont liées avec cette réussite. Jusqu'à présent, les écrits scientifiques traitant du lien entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les émotions sont contradictoires. Trois cadres théoriques distincts sont examinés pour clarifier cette relation. Ces trois modèles placent la perception du progrès, l'évaluation de la capacité de contrôle et les stratégies de régulation émotionnelle comme médiateurs et modérateurs du lien entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les émotions. 173 étudiants universitaires de premier cycle ont rempli des questionnaires évaluant la capacité à s'orienter vers un but, les émotions, la perception du progrès, la capacité de contrôle et les stratégies de régulation émotionnelle. La modélisation par équation structurelle est utilisée pour comparer ces trois modèles. Les buts de maitrise (ex, l'espoir et la jouissance) et d'approche en terme de performance (ex, l'espoir) sont généralement positivement associés aux émotions positives, tandis que les buts d'approche en terme d'évitement sont positivement associés aux émotions négatives (ex, anxiété). Des méthodes d'analyse bootstrap ont été utilisées pour identifier les médiateurs statiquement significatifs. De plus, les résultats révèlent que la perception du progrès agit en tant que médiateur partiel de la relation entre les buts de maitrise et l'espoir et la jouissance. Aussi, les résultats indiquent que la suppression agit en tant que médiateur partiel dans la relation entre les buts de maitrise et l'ennui. Des analyses de régression linéaire sont utilisées pour identifier si les stratégies de régulation émotionnelle modèrent la relation entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les émotions. Les analyses ont révélé cinq interactions significatives entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les stratégies de régulation émotionnelle (ex, les buts d'approche en terme de performance et la restructuration cognitive, les buts d'approche en terme d'évitement et la restructuration cognitive, les but d'approche en terme d'évitement et les pensées magiques, les buts de maitrise et les pensées magiques et les buts de maitrise et le retrait social). Ces résultats appuient les résultats émergents et ajoutent une nouvelle direction à ce champ d'études en démontrant qu'il y a des effets directs, médiateurs et modérateurs sur la relation entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les émotions. Malgré certaines limites identifiées dans cette étude, ces résultats fournissent des preuves additionnelles sur la complexité des relations entre la capacité à s'orienter vers un but et les émotions et cette étude ouvre ce champ de recherche sur de nouvelles pistes de recherches.
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LaBass, Eric A. "Does Teaching Parents Emotion-Coaching Strategies Change Parental Perception of Children's Negative Emotions?" Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1453835425.
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Weber, Elijah. "Resentment and Morality." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1427798481.
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Astor, Philipp J. [Verfasser], and C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weinhardt. "Emotions and Emotion Regulation in Economic Decision Making / Philipp J. Astor. Betreuer: C. Weinhardt." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1059803097/34.
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Stepanenko, Walter Scott. "Passionate Cognition: A Perceptual Theory of Emotion and the Role of the Emotions inCognition." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396533522.
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Lauritzen, Michael Kenneth. "The Development and Validation of the ARES: A Measure of a Person's Proclivity to Attribute Responsibility to Others for Their Emotions." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2344.pdf.
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Кміть, П. О., and Paul O. Kmit. "Розробка інформаційної системи детектування та аналізу емотиконів в тексті." Thesis, Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, 2001. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2624.
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Метою дослідження є розробка алгоритму аналізу та детектування емотиконів з використання математичного апарату прихованих марківських моделей.
Предметом дослідження є прихована марківська модель, індукція контекстно вільної граматики в системі детектування та аналізу емотиконів.
Об’єкт дослідження текстові дані з омонімією породженою емотиконами.
Ціллю дослідження є здійснення розробки алгоритму для детектування емотиконів в вхідних текстових даних.Purpose of the research is development of algorithm for analysis and detection of emoticons using apparatus of hidden markov model. Subjects of the study are hidden markov model, induction of stochastic сontext-free grammar in emoticon detection and analysis system. Object of the study is text data with high homonymy caused by emoticons. The goal is to develop algorithm that will allow to detect emoticons in input data. The system can be used in lexical analysis systems to reduce homonymy, or to enhance message analysis.
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Martinez, Bedard Brandie. "Is Core Affect a Natural Kind?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/42.
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In the scientific study of the emotions the goal is to find natural kinds. That is, to find categories about which interesting scientific generalizations and predictions can be formed. Core affect is dimensional approach to the emotions which claims that emotions emerge from the more basic psychological processes of valence (pleasant/unpleasant) and arousal (activation/deactivation). Lisa Feldman Barrett (2006b) has recently argued that the discrete emotion approach has failed to find natural kinds and thus should be dismissed as a failed paradigm. She offers core affect as an alternative theory that will better capture natural kinds in emotionally salient phenomena. In this thesis I evaluate Barrett’s claim on the basis of a philosophically robust understanding of natural kinds and a careful assessment of the empirical evidence. I argue that while core affect is not a natural kind, subsets of core affect space may be natural kinds.
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Yeh, Yu-Ling. "The potential of multimedia art to stimulate personal expression of, and reflection on, childhood experience." Thesis, Coventry University, 2008. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/0157e44e-e23c-452d-8538-f59cf5ce27d6/1.
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Emotional intelligence (EI) plays a significant role in human emotional well-being, personal growth and life satisfaction. Self-awareness is said to be a key to the development of this form of intelligence. It has also been claimed by art therapists and educators that the expressive arts can assist people in self-expression and emotional awareness. In accordance with this belief, the motion picture (a movie) as a form of expressive product has been used to help people become aware of their own hidden feelings and thoughts (i.e. viewing or making an autobiographical movie can promote emotional awareness). However, there has been little research that specifically addresses how the process of making (one particular form of expressive art) may help a person to engage with their emotions. Therefore the central aim of the research was to show firstly how the development of autobiographical animations may engender therapeutic opportunities for greater reflection thereby facilitating personal development of, and emotional awareness in the artist and secondly, to demonstrate that the viewing of such animations may prompt viewers to gain the understanding of the feelings of the animator and be stimulated to reflect on their own experience, followed by the subsidiary goal of demonstrating that making animation could provide additional opportunities to the growth of greater emotional awareness in therapeutic and school education settings. To achieve these aims, a practice-led research approach was adopted. The thesis presents the reflective journey undertaken in creating the final installation ‘A residual cleft in my beautiful life: childhood’ based on childhood memories, showing how reflection-on-practice and in-practice formed key components in shaping the research and accompanying artistic endeavours. The development of the installation confirmed that the processes undertaken in producing an animation provided opportunities for self-knowledge and personal growth (in the artist), and that the audience were stimulated to consider their own childhoods as well as the childhood presented to them. The evidences of the animation installation production and the audience’s responses to the artefact further support the positive feedback on the values of animation to assist in increasing self-awareness from interviews with art therapists, and an online survey with school teachers. Observation of s three month animation teaching placement is also reported to invite further study to explore animation practice and school education. In conclusion, this research contributes to knowledge firstly, by providing a practice based account of the researcher’s exploration of, and development of emotional insight through her therapeutic art; secondly by evidencing the potential of a new form of expressive art - animation – to be used as an expressive arts technique to engage the emotional intelligence of individuals and audiences.
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Leite, Danilo Costa Nunes Andrade. "A definição de emoção em Aristóteles: estudo dos livros I e II da \"Rhetorica\" e da \"Ethica Nicomachea\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-29082013-103253/.
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Esta dissertação tem por escopo a questão das emoções - ?à ???? - na obra de Aristóteles, principalmente nos livros I e II da Retórica e da Ética Nicomaquéia. A definição aristotélica de como ????? \'emoção\' foi compreendida de diversas formas, porém sempre a partir dos seguintes elementos: como integrante da porção não-racional da alma, habituável à tutela da razão, como manifestação psicofísica, como causada por cognições. O problema é, portanto, reencontrar e reunir todos esses elementos na obra do Estagirita.This thesis aims at the question of emotions - ?à ???? - in the works of Aristotle, mainly in the first and second books of Rhetoric and Nicomachean Ethics. The Aristotelian definition of ????? as \'emotion\' was understood in different ways, but always from the following elements: as part of the nonrational portion of the soul; as something that can grow accustomed to reason; as a psychophysic manifestation; as caused by cognitions. The problem is to find and gather all these elements from the works of Aristotle.
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Hannesdottir, Dagmar Kristin. "Reduction of fear arousal in young adults with speech anxiety through elicitation of positive emotions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28941.
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A research study was conducted to examine Fredricksonâ s Broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions in a speech anxious sample of undergraduate students. Experimental elicitation of positive emotions has previously been shown to speed cardiovascular recovery, increase attention, and broaden thought-action repertoires compared to elicitation of negative or neutral emotions (Fredrickson et al., 2000). 88 undergraduate students were selected from a screening process based on their reported speech anxiety on the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker (PRCS). Students who reported low or high speech anxiety completed an anxiety provoking task and were subsequently exposed to either a neutral emotion condition (â Pipesâ film) or one of two positive emotion conditions (â Puppyâ film or thinking of a happy memory task). Fredricksonâ s theory was not supported since results showed no differences in cardiovascular recovery, thought-action repertoires, or global thinking for either groups or conditions. However, differences were found for broadened scope of attention on a modified Stroop task where the low anxiety group responded faster to threat words in the neutral and happy memory conditions than after viewing a positive film. Results of the study are discussed in light of attribution theory of emotion and previous studies on the effects of positive emotions.Ph. D.
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Deady, Denis K. "Investigating proximate mechanisms and ultimate functions of memory for emotional events." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/196.
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This thesis is an investigation of the proximate mechanisms and ultimate functions of memory for emotional events. The theoretical basis of this Thesis is that in order to reach a full understanding of a biological phenomenon, it is important that both proximate and ultimate (functional) explanations for that phenomenon are explored. Chapters 2 and 3 present an examination of the proximate mechanisms involved in memory consolidation of emotional events. In Chapter 2, three experiments are presented each testing the hypothesis that stress hormone activation immediately following viewing an emotional event enhances memory for that event. Each of the three experiments failed to find an enhancing effect of stress hormone activation on memory consolidation. Chapter 3 describes an investigation into whether the reduced feedback from the body to the brain, which occurs as a result of total spinal cord transection, diminishes the intensity of emotional experience and therefore impairs memory for emotional events. The results of this investigation revealed no differences between spinal cord transection patients and matched control participants in emotional expressivity, emotional awareness and in memory for emotional material. Chapters 4 and 5 explore how memory and emotion may interact differently for males and females and in manner that facilitates their survival and reproduction. Evolutionary theory argues that males should be more concerned than females about threats to their social status, whereas females should be more concerned about threats to their physical appearance and sexual reputation. Chapter 4 describes two experiments testing whether a) males have enhanced emotional arousal and memory for words implying they are of low social status; b) females have enhanced emotional arousal and memory for words implying they are physically unattractive and sexually untrustworthy. The results of these experiments showed that females had enhanced memory for words relating to physical appearance, and partial evidence that males have 2 enhanced memory for words relating to social status. Chapter 5 tests the evolutionary theory that males should be more emotionally aroused and thus have greater memory for cues relating to sexual infidelity (the thought of their partner having sex with another man), whereas females should be more emotionally aroused and have greater memory for cues to emotional infidelity (the thought of their partner forming a close emotional attachment with another woman). It also examines whether relationship status affects emotional arousal and memory for these cues. The results did not find any support for these hypothesised sex difference in memory. However, those ‘currently in a relationship’ did show enhanced emotional arousal to cues to sexual infidelity compared to those ‘currently not in a relationship’. Chapter 6 presents an investigation concerning the evolutionary hypothesis that individuals tend to have enhanced recognition memory for the faces of deceivers or ‘liars’. This chapter describes a study in which participants viewed a series of short video clips of individuals, half of whom were lying, half telling the truth. Participants’ memory for the individuals that appeared in the video clips was tested but there was no evidence of enhanced memory for the faces of ‘liars’. Chapter 7 provides a general discussion of the findings of this thesis. The failure to find an enhancing effect of post learning stress hormone activation on memory for emotional material, and the failure to find an impairment in memory for emotional material in people with total spinal cord transection contradict two established views on the proximate mechanisms involved in emotion, and emotions effect of the brain. How these findings relate to the established mainstream views on emotion and memory are discussed. The findings of studies concerning the functional interaction of memory and emotion presented in this thesis are also discussed in relation to previous research.
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Boakes, Jolee Alison. "The role of specific emotions in affective priming effects." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Education, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0116.
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[Truncated abstract] The finding that less time is needed to evaluate the valence of a target when it is preceded by a prime of the same valence, as opposed to one of the opposite valence, has become known as the affective priming effect. The research reported here investigated a new model of the mechanisms underlying affective priming effects, which focuses on the role of specific emotions within global valence categories. Specifically, this model stipulates that when presented with a stimulus that elicits particular emotions, the area of the brain corresponding to that emotion is automatically stimulated. This in turn will produce a diffuse activation of meaning nodes that are associated with that emotion. This emotion-based priming model departs from previous spreading activation accounts of affective priming, as it suggests that the facilitation effects observed in such studies may be due primarily to spreading activation via emotion-congruent, rather than valence-congruent, nodes. The overarching goal of the empirical research programme reported here was to test predictions based on this model. In three studies, facilitation effects ascribable to specific emotion-based congruence (e.g., fear-fear) were compared with those ascribable to global valence-based congruence (e.g., negative-negative) alone (i.e., in the absence of emotion-based congruence). Participants made valence judgements on targets which represented one of five basic human emotions: one positive (happy) and four negative (disgust, fear, sad, and anger). ... The fundamental design elements were the same across all three studies: the only difference was in the stimulus format of the prime-target pairs: emotion-laden scenes were used in Study One; facial expressions in Study Two; and emotion-laden words in Study Three. Results showed that, in comparison to the neutral and incongruent baselines, there were significant emotion-based priming effects across all stimulus formats. This result was also consistent across all of the negative emotions employed. Significant valence-based priming effects were, however, also obtained in each of the three studies, although these effects were more inconsistent than those obtained for emotion-based priming. That is, reaction times were significantly shorter on valence-congruent than on neutral and incongruent baseline trials, but only for a portion of the tests performed across the three studies. In Studies One and Two, reaction times were consistently shorter for emotion-congruent prime-target pairs than for valence-congruent prime-target pairs. This trend was absent in Study Three, in which word stimuli were used. These results indicate that while reaction times were facilitated, albeit inconsistently, for valence-congruent prime-target pairs, they were facilitated significantly further for emotion-congruent pairs when picture-based stimuli were used. The emotion-based and valence-based priming effects obtained across the three studies are discussed in terms of three competing theories: (i) spreading activation via global valence nodes, (ii) spreading activation via emotion centres, and (iii) expectancy-based processes. A dual-process hypothesis of affective priming is then proposed. The plausibility of the hypothesis is then explored through a synthesis and re-examination of results reported in previous affective priming research. Directions for future research to elaborate and extend on this work are discussed.
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De, Klerk Hester Magdalena. "Young South African children’s recognition of emotions as depicted by picture communication symbols." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28904.
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Experiencing and expressing emotions is an essential part of psychological well-being. It is for this reason that most graphic symbol sets used in the field of AAC include an array of symbols depicting emotions. However, to date, very limited research has been done on children’s ability to recognise and use these symbols to express feelings within different cultural contexts. The purpose of the current study was to describe and compare Afrikaans and Sepedi speaking grade R children’s choice of graphic symbols when depicting four basic emotions, i.e. happy; sad; afraid; and angry. After ninety participants (44 Afrikaans and 46 Sepedi speaking) passed a pre-assessment task, they were exposed 24 emotions vignettes. Participants had to indicate the intensity the protagonist in the story would experience. The next step was for the participants to choose a graphic symbol from a 16 matrix overlay which they thought best represented the symbol and intensity. The results indicated a significant difference at a 1% level between the two groups’ selection of expected symbols to represent emotions. Afrikaans speaking participants more often chose expected symbols than Sepedi speaking participants to represent different basic emotions. Sepedi speaking participants made use of a larger variety of symbols to represent the emotions. Participants from both language groups most frequently selected expected symbols to represent happy followed by those for angry and afraid with expected symbols for sad selected least frequently. Except for a significant difference at the 1% level for happy no significant differences were present between the intensities selected by the different language groups for the other three basic emotions. No significant differences between the two gender groups’ choices of expected symbols to represent emotions or between the intensities selected by the different gender groups were observed.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC)
Unrestricted
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Ward, Jenna. "Managing emotions : an enquiry into some psychological and sociological aspects of affect and emotion at work." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14218/.
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Charbonneau, Jamie. "Emotion as a Mode of Engagement: A Critical Defense of Ben-Ze’ev’s Social Theory of Emotions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35515.
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What is an emotion, and what does an emotional reaction signify? In this thesis I critically defend Aaron Ben-Ze’ev’s theory of emotion as a mode of social engagement. Building on the idea that an emotional reaction is the opposite of indifference, emotions express one’s concerns. They are most intense with regard to the shifting dynamics of personal relationships and social status. Thus, in order to think well about social and personal issues, attention to emotional views of the world is paramount. The social concern of emotion opens what may seem private about our reactions to an interpersonal reading. Emotions are contrasted with an intellectual form of engagement, the latter being characterized by deliberative thinking, which focuses on generalities and stable patterns. Emotions, on the other hand, are more closely aligned with action tendencies and tend to disrupt detached styles of thinking by narrowing one’s focus to the emotion’s target. Because emotions express one’s concerns, Ben-Ze’ev argues that they tend to sincerely express our “profound values,” a view which I argue against. Building on Diane Meyers’s conception of the five-dimensional self, I argue that emotions are a source of deeply held convictions, but avoid conflating this with notions of sincerity. Instead, emotional concerns can be integrated into the cultivation of personal autonomy, in terms of self-definition and self-discovery. I apply this conception of emotion to the popular concept of emotional intelligence, and argue that emotional intelligence involves a capacity to handle with skill the emerging and chaotic urgency of emotional reactions.
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Risgaard-Nielsen, Ann-Maj. "EMOTIONS TO WEAR : An exploration in expressing the emotion hopelessness within a series of body objects." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26586.
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In a series of body objects, this project aims to discover the specific emotion of hopelessness through the physical sensation of gravity. The project is investigating a femininity concept by exploring the emotions evoked when reading about the myth of Pandora and how she is used in academic reports such as Diseases of Women to argue upon discriminating arguments directed towards a female identity. The outcome of the workshops situate this project in a participatory driven field where somatic experiences make it possible to discuss sensitive topics such as hopelessness and gender equality. The outcome of the project is five sensorial body objects that suggest possibilities in designing wear to trigger emotions. It should be presented as a participatory installation in an exhibition.
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Donnan, Gemma Louise Jean. "An investigation of cultural variations in emotion experience, regulation and expression in two Scottish settings." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=234053.
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Individuals from Aberdeen/Aberdeenshire and Glasgow/Greater Glasgow have anecdotally been thought to differ in their expression of emotion with the former group being thought to be less emotionally expressive that the latter. The current thesis carried out three studies to empirically examine this. A systematic review of measures of emotion experience, regulation, expression and alexithymia was carried out to establish their psychometric properties. The results of the review lead to recommendations for which scales to use within future studies of the thesis. The second study used measures of emotion experience (Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule), emotion regulation (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire) and alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20), identified within the review, in samples of adults from Aberdeen/Aberdeenshire and Glasgow/Greater Glasgow. A multiple indicators multiple causes model was used to examine group differences in response to these measures, this method allowed examination of differences on factor means and individual indicator items on the scales. It was found that Aberdeen/Aberdeenshire participants demonstrated a higher factor mean on the Negative Affect (NA) factor of the PANAS; the Aberdeen/Aberdeenshire participants also endorsed an individual item on the ERQ (Item 5) and the TAS-20 (Item 1) more than the Glasgow/Greater Glasgow participants. Finally, a qualitative study was carried out in which participants from each group recalled events related to six emotions. In describing events related to fear, anger and sadness, Aberdeen/Aberdeenshire participants tended to use positive statements that downplayed events related to these emotions, while the Glasgow/Greater Glasgow participants tended to use 'catastrophic' statements when describing events related to the same emotions. This may indicate differing cultural models between these populations.
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Cooper, Chelsea M. "Change in Envy as a Function of Target Likeability." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/17.
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Envy is a painful emotion that can negatively impact one’s self-worth. It is also a shameful, socially undesirable emotion, implying both inferiority and hostility. Some scholars suggest that these features of envy lead to a need to cope with the emotion. Thus, over time, envy tends to be transformed into more socially acceptable responses such as resentment or dislike. The present study tested this claim. First, envy was manipulated by asking participants to read an article containing an interview with either a high- or low-envy target. The second article manipulated the likeability of the target by varying whether or not he or she made an arrogant statement. Finally, a third article indicated that the target had suffered a misfortune. Although, as predicted, envy decreased, the manipulation of likeability did not affect this decrease. Consistent with predictions, resentment increased after the second article and this was more likely when the target was dislikeable than when the target was likeable. Finally, the participants felt greater schadenfreude when the dislikeable target suffered than when the likeable target suffered and marginally more schadenfreude when the target was more enviable. Clearly, envy dissipated over time, but further research is needed to determine precisely why.
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Angelica, Lim. "MEI: Multimodal Emotional Intelligence." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188869.
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Engelbrektsson, Hilda. "Dream emotions and their relationship to next-day waking emotional reactivity and regulation : An online study." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20132.
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Emotions are a central part of our lives and the ability to effectively regulate them is central to well-being. Although a lot of research shows the beneficial role of sleep on emotional reactivity and regulation, little is known about how dream emotions relate to emotional reactivity and regulation. The current study investigated how dreams with high vs low levels of self-rated negative dream affect related to next-day waking emotional reactivity and regulation. Participants kept a home dream diary until reporting dreams on five days. They also reported dream and wake emotions and performed an online emotional reactivity and regulation task. Opposing predictions were derived from the continuity hypothesis and from the emotion regulation theories of dreaming. However, no significant differences were found between emotional reactivity and regulation on mornings following dreams with high vs low negative affect. Thus, no support was provided for the direct predictions made from the two theories. Nevertheless, morning wake affect differed significantly as a function of dream emotions. Specifically, participants reported significantly higher levels of positive emotions on mornings after a dream low, rather than high, in negative affect. Similarly, wake morning negative affect was higher following dreams high, rather than low, in negative affect. Thus, the results support a form of affective continuity between dreams and morning wakefulness.
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Wolz, Ines. "Emotions in Eating Disorders: The Interplay of Emotion Regulation and Inhibitory Control in Appetite and Eating Behaviour." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401872.
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OBJECTIVES: The main goals of this thesis were to examine the link between the regulation of emotions and disordered eating to obtain insights into the processes underlying ED psychopathology. More specifically, this work aimed to expand upon previous knowledge on emotion regulation in ED patients and upon the effects of these difficulties on eating patterns and craving. An additional aim was to advance the research regarding addiction-like eating and to contribute to the discussion about the validity and usefulness of the FA concept.
RESULTS: Study 1: A systematic review of a total of 39 studies showed alterations in emotional facial expression across different mental disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, AN, BN, autism spectrum disorder, and disruptive behaviour disorder). A meta-analysis showed decreased facial expressivity in response to positive and negative stimuli in patients with AN, with a higher summary effect size for positive (d=1.01) than for negative (d=.58) stimuli.
Study 2: ED patients had higher values than HC in the total score and in all subscales of difficulties in emotion regulation. Results furthermore showed that difficulties in emotion regulation mediate the influence of harm avoidance and self-directedness on ED severity. While for self-directedness an indirect and a direct effect on ED was found, the effect of harm avoidance was fully explained through the level of difficulties in emotion regulation.
Study 3: This study on predictors of FA in ED patients showed that those patients with higher levels of FA are characterized by lower self-directedness, more negative urgency and less perseverance. The probability of receiving an FA “diagnosis” was predicted by higher reward dependence, higher negative urgency and higher premeditation. Negative urgency was the strongest predictor of FA in patients with an ED.
Study 4: Results suggest that of the variables included the only independent predictor of FA might be negative urgency. Self-directedness and emotion regulation predicted negative urgency and were highly related to ED symptomatology in general, but not to FA.
Study 5: A systematic review of 26 studies on attentional processing of food stimuli as measured through electrophysiological potentials showed high motivated attention towards food pictures compared to neutral pictures in all participants. This review shows that the type of eating pathology and other factors such as the availability of food and the type of stimuli have an influence on the attentional processing of food cues; however, further research is needed for a better understanding of the subject.
Study 6: In this study on stimulus-induced chocolate craving patients with binge-eating pathology reported higher craving than controls; both groups experienced a significant increase in craving when exposed to the smell and sight of chocolate. Amplitudes of electrophysiological event-related potentials were higher for chocolate than for neutral pictures. The Late Positive Potential as measure of motivated attention did not differ between groups. Patients compared to HC had lower baseline amplitudes of an electrophysiological potential related to inhibitory control (N2) in neutral trials but showed a higher relative increase in N2 amplitudes related to chocolate pictures. Priming chocolate pictures by chocolate odour compared to neutral odour led to a slightly increased craving response and to an increased activation of inhibitory control resources in binge-eating patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in facial emotional expressivity and self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation point towards emotional problems underlying ED psychopathology. Unregulated affect and decreased facial emotional expressivity might explain difficulties to recognize own and other’s emotions and thus constrain satisfactory social relations. Negative urgency is a form of impulsivity related to negative affect and is shown to be specifically associated to addictive eating patterns in patients with EDs. There is a possible incentive sensitization of food cues, which is seen in that food stimuli lead to more motivated attention than neutral stimuli.Los objetivos principales de esta tesis doctoral fueron el análisis de la relación entre la regulación emocional y los TCA, para incrementar el entendimiento de los procesos que subyacen a la psicopatología del TCA. Más concretamente, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo ampliar los conocimientos sobre la regulación emocional, en los pacientes con TCA, y sobre los efectos de estas dificultades en los patrones de alimentación y el deseo por la comida. Otro objetivo fue avanzar en la investigación relacionada con hábitos alimentarios similares a la adicción, contribuyendo a la discusión sobre la validez y la utilidad del concepto de la AC. Teniendo en cuenta que la sensibilización incentivada está relacionada con la atribución de significado motivacional a los estímulos potencialmente adictivos, otro objetivo fue investigar si la prominencia de incentivación de alimentos claves, está alterada en pacientes con TCA en comparación con individuos sanos. Los resultados demostraron que las alteraciones en la regulación emocional, identificadas a través de la expresión facial y de las medidas de autoinforme apuntan a los problemas emocionales que subyacen la psicopatología de los TCA. El afecto mal regulado y la disminución de la expresividad emocional facial, podrían explicar las dificultades para reconocer las propias emociones y los emociones de otros, limitando el establecimiento y mantenimiento de relaciones sociales satisfactorias. La urgencia negativa es una forma de impulsividad relacionada a las emociones negativas, demostrándose que está específicamente asociada a los patrones de alimentación adictivos, en los pacientes con TCA. Existe una posible sensibilización a los incentivos ante determinados estímulos alimentarios. Cuando éstos se comparan con estímulos neutros se identifica la presencia de una atención motivacional alterada. Se confirmó un elevado sesgo atencional frente a la comida, en distintos patrones de alimentación anormal, principalmente referente a la orientación atencional. Además, los intervalos de tiempo posteriores parecían estar afectados por estrategias cognitivas que los individuos utilizarían con el fin de controlar su conducta alimentaria. El olor del chocolate es un potente estímulo para inducir deseo de comer y podría aumentar la respuesta a los estímulos visuales.
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Hadzidedic, Suncica. "Introducing emotion-based personalisation to cancer websites : the impact of emotions on website personalisation and reuse intentions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/100896/.
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Affective computing has received substantial attention in the recent time. However, its application to personalised online cancer services is understudied. Therefore, this research primarily explores the role of emotions in predicting the preference for personalisation features, and in forming behavioural intentions in cancer website usage. Secondly, this research seeks to understand whether users of cancer websites prefer to be offered emotion-based personalisation to other options – personalised or non-personalised. Emotion-based personalisation was implemented, in several phases, on the cancer website developed for the purpose of this research. A number of controlled experiments were carried out, in which users interacted with the cancer website and evaluated its personalisation features. The findings confirm that users more likely reuse a cancer website when they are satisfied with its personalisation services and find the website usable. Moreover, both negative emotions (e.g., sadness and fear) and positive ones (e.g., interest) encourage reuse intentions. Post-use negative emotions are primarily influenced by the website’s usability, while satisfaction with personalisation and usefulness of adaptive and adaptable services intensifies positive emotions. The website is perceived usable and it induces user satisfaction when its personalisation is considered useful. The findings imply that discrete emotions (of the nine basic emotions studied here) stimulate or discourage interaction with certain website features and content. Moreover, emotions experienced at the start of website use affect the perception about the usefulness of individual features available on the website. Generally, users experiencing positive emotions are eager to explore the website and be involved in the tailoring process. The effect of negative emotions is more difficult to generalise; it depends on the specific emotion and the personalisation feature in question. Overall, negative emotions are more likely to inhibit the use or perception of website features that require providing user personal information and interests, or entail extensive engagement from the user side. With regard to the second aim, this research suggests that emotion-based personalisation on a cancer website is preferred, however not significantly over generic personalisation or no personalisation at all. Nevertheless, the findings urged for further research. The survey and interview results consistently showed that: personalisation was perceived as useful, users were satisfied with it, that the website with emotion-based personalisation had the highest usability and most users prefer that type of personalisation. Moreover, repeat visitors and long-time cancer website users, who have been directly affected by cancer, decisively desired emotion-based personalisation. Overall, this research provides multiple theoretical and practical implications for personalisation adoption on cancer websites and stimulating reuse intentions. It recommends rules for adaptation and personalisation algorithms that incorporate user emotions. Moreover, it extends the existing theory and proposes a framework for understanding the emotion- and personalisation-related factors that influence intentions to revisit and reuse a personalised cancer website.
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Anniko, Malin, and Fielding Lisa Bodland. "Stressing emotions : A single subject design study testing an emotion-focused transdiagnostic treatment for stress-related ill health." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-20632.
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Abstract Individual psychological factors have been recognized to play an important role in the development of stress-related symptomatology. Despite extensive comorbidity between stress-related ill health and mood disorders, the advances in research on emotion regulation and transdiagnostics, have not been recognized in stress research to any considerable degree. In the current study, using a single subject design with multiple baselines across individuals (n=6), a transdiagnostic treatment intervention targeting maladaptive emotional regulation strategies was implemented on patients suffering from stress-related symptomatology. Results show that symptoms of exhaustion decreased in five of six participants on post-measures, with considerable convergence between measures of depression, anxiety and stress. Further investigation of treatment effects, alongside the processes linking emotion regulation and stress-related symptomatology are needed.Sammanfattning Individuella psykologiska faktorer spelar en viktig roll i utvecklingen av stressrelaterade symtom. Trots en omfattande samsjuklighet mellan å ena sidan stressrelaterad ohälsa, å andra sidan depression och ångest, har framsteg inom emotionsforskning och transdiagnostik inte uppmärksammats i någon stor utsträckning inom stressforskningen. I den aktuella studien användes en single subject design med multipla baslinjer mellan individer (n=6), för att implementera en emotionsinriktad transdiagnostisk behandling på patienter som lider av stressrelaterade symtom. Resultaten visar att fem av sex deltagare visade minskade tecken på utmattning efter genomgången behandling, med avsevärd konvergens mellan mått på depression, ångest och stress. För att kunna påvisa behandlingseffekter, samt förklara de processer som förbinder emotionsreglering och stressrelaterade symtom, behövs ytterligare forskning på området.
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Taylor, Richard James. "Affective perception." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a5fe8467-c5e5-4cda-9875-ab46d67c4a62.
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This thesis aims to present and defend an account of affective perception. The central argument seeks to establish three claims. 1) Certain emotional bodily feelings (and not just psychic feelings) are world-directed intentional states. 2) Their intentionality is to be understood in perceptual terms: such feelings are affective perceptions of emotional properties of a certain kind. 3) These ‘emotion-proper properties’ are response-dependent in a way that entails that appropriate affective responses to their token instances qualify, ipso facto, as perceptions of those instances. The arguments for (1) and (2) appeal directly to the phenomenology of emotional experience and draw heavily from recent research by Peter Goldie and Matthew Ratcliffe. By applying Goldie’s insights into the intentional structure of psychic feelings to the case of emotional bodily feelings, it is shown that certain of the latter—particularly those pertaining to the so-called ‘standard’ emotions—exemplify world-directed intentionality analogous to the perceptual intentionality of tactile feelings. Adapting Ratcliffe’s account of the analogy between tactile feelings and what he terms ‘existential feelings’, it is argued that standard emotional bodily feelings are at the same time intrinsically intentional world-directed perceptual states (affective perceptions) through which the defining properties of emotional objects (emotion-proper properties) are apprehended. The subsequent account of these properties endorses a response-dependence thesis similar to that defended by John McDowell and David Wiggins and argues that tokening an appropriate emotional affective state in response to a token emotion-proper property is both a necessary and a sufficient condition for perception of that property (Claim (3)). The central claim is thus secured by appeal both to the nature of the relevant feelings and the nature of the relevant properties (the former being intrinsically intentional representational states and the latter being response-dependent in a way that guarantees the perceptual status of the former).
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Riviere, Jérémy. "Interaction affective et expressive. Compagnon artificiel-humain." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENM045/document.
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Le but de ce travail de thèse est de rendre sincère un Agent Conversationnel Animé (ACA) pour, d'une part, améliorer sa crédibilité du point de vue de l'humain, et d'autre part contribuer à le rendre acceptable dans une relation privilégiée compagnon artificiel - humain. La première partie de ce travail consiste en la création d'un Langage de Conversation Multimodal (LCM) pour ACA, constitué d'Actes de Conversation Multimodaux (ACM) tels que promettre, s'excuser ou exiger : ces ACM permettent à l'agent d'être crédible dans sa sincérité, en exprimant multimodalement ses états mentaux de façon appropriée. Les états mentaux portés par les ACM sont formalisés en logique : la volonté de représenter des états mentaux issus de raisonnements complexes (basés d'une part sur le raisonnement contrefactuel et d'autre part sur les normes et les buts de l'agent), dont l'expression se fait avant tout par le langage (Oatley 1987), a amené à mettre en place le modèle BIGRE (Beliefs, Ideals, Goals, Responsibility, Emotions). Ce modèle, basé sur une logique de type BDI (Belief, Desire, Intention), permet de représenter également des émotions que nous appelons complexes, telles que la réjouissance, la gratitude ou le regret. La catégorie expressive des ACM contient les actes exprimant ces émotions complexes (e.g. remercier, regretter) : l'expression se fait par le langage, conjointement aux autres expressions multimodales appropriées. Le LCM est implémenté dans l'ACA Greta, ce qui permet une évaluation de ce langage en termes de crédibilité et de sincérité perçues par l'humain. La deuxième partie de ce travail porte sur les capacités de raisonnement de l'ACA : dans le but de permettre à l'agent de raisonner dans le dialogue, c'est-à-dire mettre à jour ses états mentaux et ses émotions et sélectionner son intention communicative, un moteur de raisonnement a été mis en place. Ce moteur de raisonnement est basé sur le cycle de comportement BDI - Perception, Décision, Action - et les opérateurs du modèle BIGRE, permettant ainsi la manipulation d'états mentaux issus de raisonnements complexes (dont les émotions complexes). Les ACM qui composent notre langage sont intégrés dans le moteur, et sont utilisés pour atteindre l'intention communicative de l'ACA : par exemple, si l'agent a l'intention d'exprimer sa gratitude, il construit un plan pour satisfaire son intention, formé des ACM remercier ou féliciter, selon le degré de l'émotion. Un type d'intention communicative, déclenché par des règles d'obligation du discours, participe à la régulation locale du dialogue. L'ACA étant de plus affectif, sa sincérité l'amène à exprimer toutes ses émotions. La généricité de ce moteur de raisonnement permet de l'implémenter dans l'ACA Greta (où il est en lien avec le LCM) et dans l'agent MARC. L'expression multimodale des ACM avec l'agent MARC a été rendue possible par l'intégration des checks de Scherer dans le moteur de raisonnement que nous avons adapté au contexte du dialogue. Une évaluation du moteur de raisonnement avec l'agent MARC montre que les états mentaux déduits par le moteur sont appropriés à la situation, et que leur expression (l'expression de la sincérité de l'agent) est également appropriéeThe aim of this thesis is to make an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) sincere in order to, on one hand, improve its believability from the human's point of view, and on the other hand make it acceptable in an affective relationship between an artificial companion and a human. The first part of this work consists in creating a Multimodal Conversation Language (MCL) for an ECA, made up of Multimodal Conversation Acts (MCA) such as promise, apologise or demand. These MCA allow the agent to appear believable in its sincerity, by multimodally expressing its mental states in an appropriate way. The mental states carried by the MCA are formalised in logics: our will to represent mental states stemming from complex forms of reasoning (based on counterfactual reasoning or on the agent's norms and goals) that are mainly expressed via language (Oatley 1987) led us to design the BIGRE model (Beliefs, Ideals, Goals, Responsibility, Emotions). This model, based on a BDI-like logic (Belief, Desire, Intention), allows us to also represent some particular emotions that we call complex emotions, such as rejoicing, gratitude or regret. The expressive category of MCA contains acts that express these complex emotions (e.g. thank, regret): they are expressed by the language, along with the other appropriate multimodal expressions. We implemented the MCL in the ECA Greta, which enabled an evaluation of this language in terms of believability and sincerity perceived by the human. The second part of this work is about the ECA's reasoning capabilities: in order to allow the agent to reason in the dialogue, that is to update its mental states and its emotions and select its communicative intention, we designed a reasoning engine. This reasoning engine is based on the BDI behaviour cycle of Perception - Decision - Action and on the operators from the BIGRE model, thus enabling the manipulation of mental states resulting from complex reasoning (including complex emotions). The MCA in our language are part of our reasoning engine, and are used to achieve the ECA's communicative intention: for example if the ECA intends to express its gratitude, it builds a plan to achieve this intention, that consists of the MCA thank or congratulate, depending on the intensity of the emotion. One type of communicative intention, triggered by discourse obligations rules, participates in the local regulation of dialogue. Further, since the ECA is emotional, its sincerity brings it to express all its emotions. The generic character of this reasoning engine allowed us to implement it in the ECA Greta (where it is linked with the MCL) as well as in the agent MARC. The multimodal expression of MCA by the agent MARC was made possible by integrating Scherer's checks in the reasoning engine that we adapted to the context of dialogue. An evaluation of the reasoning engine with the agent MARC shows that the mental states deduced by the engine are appropriate to the situation, and that their expression (the expression of the agent's sincerity) is also appropriate
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Bhrammanachote, Winayaporn. "The performance of emotion management in the Thai spa industry." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23172.
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The key aim of this thesis was to explore the range of emotions in the spa industry in Thailand and how emotions impact spa employees and customer service. This was achieved by identifying how emotions were performed and managed during service encounters within the spa industry. The thesis confirmed that the performance of emotion management influenced customer service delivery. To help understanding this, the thesis developed a conceptual framework based on three theoretical perspectives: Goffman’s theoretical concept, Hochschild’s acting strategy, and Bolton’s four typology of workplace emotion. Each perspective focused on different viewpoints which provided a more comprehensive and holistic view of emotion management. This research followed an interpretivist perspective to study the performance of emotion management and customer service delivery. The researcher adopted a phenomenological research strategy to understand in-depth information on emotion management. The main empirical element of the research was in-depth interviews with 48 spa employees in Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Interviews were undertaken with multiple key informants with various job roles: managers, receptionists, and therapists. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Empirical findings indicated that emotional expressions from the spa employees influenced customer service behaviour. The spa employees performed ‘pecuniary’ emotion management category the most, followed by ‘prescriptive’ category, ‘presentational’ category and ‘philanthropic’ category. The characteristics of the spa industry in performing ‘pecuniary’ emotion management is ‘monetary servitude’, in performing ‘prescriptive’ emotion management is ‘showing a therapeutic professional face’, in ‘presentational’ emotion management is ‘Thai social reality’, and in ‘philanthropic’ emotion management is ‘emotion as a gift’.
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Edwards, Joseph Walter. "The relationship between expressed emotion and adolescent psychopathology." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1141052389.
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Wasserman, Stephanie. "Nonreligious Coping, Religious Coping, and Self-conscious Emotions as Predictors of Expressed Emotion in Relatives of Patients with Schizophrenia." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/407.
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Expressed emotion (EE) is a measure of the family environment reflecting the amount of criticism and emotional over-involvement expressed by a key relative towards a family member with a disorder or impairment (Hooley, 2007). Patients with high EE relatives have a poorer illness prognosis than do patients with low EE relatives. Despite EE's well-established predictive validity, however, questions remain regarding why some family members express high EE attitudes while others do not. Based on indirect evidence from previous research, the current study tested whether religious and nonreligious coping and shame and guilt about having a relative with schizophrenia serve as predictors of EE. A sample of 72 family members of patients with schizophrenia completed an EE interview, along with questionnaires assessing situational nonreligious coping, religious coping, and self-conscious emotions. In line with hypotheses, results indicated that nonreligious coping predicted EE. Specifically, less use of adaptive emotion-focused coping predicted high EE. Also consistent with predictions, religious coping predicted high EE above and beyond nonreligious coping. Finally, higher levels of both shame and guilt about having a relative with schizophrenia predicted high EE. Results of the current study elucidate the EE construct and have implications for working with families of patients with schizophrenia.
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Linardatos, Eftihia. "FACIAL EMOTION RECOGNITION IN GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER AND DEPRESSION: ASSESSING FOR UNIQUE AND COMMON RESPONSES TO EMOTIONS AND NEUTRALITY." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1322539420.
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Manser, Rachel. "Beliefs about emotions: Development of a self-report questionnaire measure and preliminary investigation in relation to dysregulation of emotion." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490822.
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Metacognitive Theory, amongst other theories, gives an important role to beliefs about mental states, including emotions, in the maintenance of distress. Beliefs about emotions have been most frequently discussed in relation to emotion regulation, and the disorder most associated with problems regulating emotions is borderline personality disorder (BPD). Several theories, namely Mentalization Theory and Biosocial Theory as well as the Emotion Focused Therapy literature specify particular beliefs which are thought to be related to emotion dysregulation. Although several scales exist to measure metacognitions and some specific beliefs about emotions, no comprehensive measure of beliefs about emotions exists. Such a measure would have particular relevance to emotion dysregulation and be useful for developing theory and treatment for BPD. The current study aimed to develop a scale to measure beliefs about emotions and test the relationship of the new measure to various aspects of emotion regulation.