Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Emotional geography'

Emotions remain notably underexplored in both criminology and prisons research. This thesis sets out to address this problem by centralizing the importance of emotions in prison: especially the way prisoners express and regulate their affective states. To collect the data, 25 male and 25 female prisoners were 'shadowed', observed and interviewed across two prisons (HMP Send and HMP Ranby). Based on these findings, this thesis describes the emotional world of prisoners and their various 'affective' strategies. The three substantive chapters reveal the textured layers and various emotional states experienced by prisoners: first, at the level of the self (psychological); second, as existing between groups (social emotions); and, third, in relation to the physical environment (spatial). An individual substantive chapter is dedicated to each of these three levels of analysis. A primary finding was the prevalence of a wide range of 'emotion management' strategies among prisoners. One such strategy was emotion suppression, which was extremely salient among both men and women. While this emotion suppression was, in part, a product of pre-prison experiences it was also strongly influenced by institutional practices. Importantly, there was a strong correlation between prisoners who suppressed emotions and who were subsequently involved in violence (towards others, or inflicted upon themselves). A second key finding was the wide range of emotions that exist within, and are shaped by, different prison spaces-previous accounts have described prison as emotionally sterile, or characterised by anxiety and fear but this study develops the idea that prisons have an 'emotional geography' or affective 'map'. The study findings have implications for the 'emotional survivability' of our prisons; the need to open legitimate channels for emotional expression; and designing prisoners that are supportive, safe and secure establishments for prisoners to live in.

This research examines the political geographies of Palestinian children, and the ways in which their everyday spaces and practices are shaped by broader social and political processes. This research begins with an investigation into the role of the child in the moral geopolitics of humanitarianism and the Palestinian/Israeli conflict. From here, the research explores how the competing discourses of Palestinian nationalism and international humanitarianism, and the legacy of forced migration, have shaped the subjectivity of Palestinian children and the spaces of childhood in a West Bank refugee camp, from homes, to schools, streets, and youth centers. Finally, using participant observation, visual methods and guided tours, this research explores how children reshape the discursive spaces of childhood and child subjectivity through their everyday practices.

Geographies of ageing literature recognises the emotional qualities of ageing. However, an historical tendency to overly medicalise ageing means research often focuses on the emotions associated with specific events such as the emotions involved in living with health-related conditions, being a carer, or being cared for in different settings. There remains a paucity of research that attends to the everyday, mundane emotions of being old. This research attends to this lacuna by drawing on theoretical frames emerging from post-humanism and emotional geographies. Specifically, this research engages with the spatial organisation of emotions as it pertains to an increasingly significant element of ageing: the role of communication technology in older people's ability to create and maintain new modes of (techno)sociability. Drawing upon 29 qualitative interviews and 13 cultural probe follow up responses with retired Londoners aged 59 to 89 years, this research examines how technology connects bodies to objects, people to people and (re)connects older adults to place in new and unexpected ways. Among this participant group diverse, highly individualised and complex amalgams of communication technologies were used. Each mode of communication technology was deployed using intricate strategies of selection and implementation, based on varying temporalities and spatialities, enhancing the ability of participants to relate emotionally with others. Technology use in this regard enabled the portability and emotional continuity of social networks, as communication was no longer tied to certain physical spaces. These findings are theoretically significant as emotions are increasingly seen to have a direct impact on the spatial construction of society through shaping human capacities and behaviours, which form the world around us. Work in this domain has been limited with certain emotions and bodies being more readily researched, and affiliated with particular gendered and sexualised bodies, bodily capacities, physical forms and social identities than others. This research is able to offer an understanding not currently present in geographical literatures, and offer new modes of spatial analysis that take into account the pervasive but differentiated use of technology.

This thesis explores the interaction between well-being and environmental volunteering. Focusing on five case study groups across Scotland, the emotional, social and physical well-being impacts of active environmental volunteer work are examined. Through an extensive ethnographic approach incorporating in-depth interviewing, participant observation and focus group work the thesis highlights the importance of studying the initial and continuing motivations for individuals to participate in environmental volunteering. This retains a particular focus on emotional and embodied volunteer experiences, exploring the importance of tasks and landscapes on the volunteering encounters. In considering the meaning of volunteering, the thesis also explores linkages of community and citizenship and how individuals frame and understand their volunteering, especially in relation to the environmental aspects of the work. This speaks directly to academic themes of embodiment, human-nature interactions, emotional geographies and social capital. The studentship was an ESRC-CASE funded project, with the CASE partner being Forestry Commission Scotland. The research takes place within a dynamic political context that encompasses current research and work on volunteering and natural environment encounters within Scotland and the UK as a whole. The thesis looks to inform ongoing policy relevant debates on environmental volunteering within both the Forestry Commission Scotland and the Scottish Government.

With a tense political landscape with stigmatizing discourse about migrants and so-called migrant ghettos, alongside continuous indications of gender imbalances in public spaces in Copenhagen, a focus on migrant women was chosen. The thesis takes its outset in a photo project conducted in Kringlebakken, an integration house in Copenhagen. Six migrant women participated and were asked to photograph the city through their eyes, meaning taking photos of their everyday lives and places they wanted to show and talk about in the following photo elicitation interviews. With agency and empowerment as key values the women navigated the conversation and shared experiences about their everyday lives. Concepts of intersectionality, the everyday and emotional geographies were applied through a feminist lens, highlighting the role emotions play in shaping our perception of spaces. From an inductive approach two themes were found: 1) green spaces and 2) everyday practices and challenges. The women shared peaceful moments and embodied experiences in nature both with themselves, with their children and their family. The green spaces evoked gratitude, appreciation and peace and had a general restorative effect in their everyday life. Their appreciation mainly stems from previous experiences in their home countries where urban green areas are not as accessible. Furthermore green spaces become a space where the women can get a break from the everyday chores. In contrast, the experiences shared about the everyday spaces and practices included language barriers, discrimination and feelings of exclusion. The added hindrances to urban life brings a level of discomfort in their everyday lives and it is here that Kringlebakken plays an essential role as an inclusive space in the women’s lives. Highlighting these embodied experiences adds nuances to a heterogeneous group that is often depicted as a homogeneous group.

My research focuses on the emotional experience of the unearthing of ancestral bones for local Māori of Matata. The coastal town of Matata in the Eastern Bay of Plenty provides a central case study location as it is a town that is facing the pressure of coastal residential development as well the added strain of dealing with the 2005 flood which has compounded issues over local waahi tapu. Local iwi have continued to actively advocate for the protection of these sites especially with regard to the ongoing discovery of ancestral bones. Cultural and emotional geographies provide the theoretical framework for this research. This framework has been particularly useful as it encourages reflexive commentary and alternative ways of approaching and thinking about, and understanding knowledge. I have incorporated the research paradigm of kaupapa Māori which complements my theoretical framework by producing a research design that is organised and shaped according to tikanga Māori while (in) advertently critiquing and challenging traditional ways of conducting research. The overall aim is to explore the current issues surrounding the discovery of ancestral bones through korero with local iwi members. It is through their perspectives, stories, beliefs and opinions that provide a better understanding of the meanings attributed to waahi tapu and the influence of certain events such as the 2005 flood. I examine, critically the relationship between power, sacred sites, bones and the body. It is from these objectives that I contribute to an area of scholarship that has been largely left out from geographical enquiry. I suggest that the importance of sacredness and spirituality has been relatively overlooked as an influential factor in people's perceptions of the world around them. This thesis is intended to demonstrate the value of indigenous perspectives of bones, the body and sacredness as a way of better understanding some of the complexities that can arise when cross-cultural approaches collide in environmental planning. There are three main themes that have emerged from this research. The first theme has to do with competing knowledges. To Māori, the location and knowledge of ancestral bones is culturally important and is in its self sacred, therefore certain tikanga is applied as a means of a protection mechanism. However this ideologically clashes with traditional scientific western approaches which are privileged over other alternative ways of understanding knowledge, in this case Māori knowledge. The second related theme concerns the process of boundary making and cross-cultural ways of perceiving 'sacred' and 'everyday' spaces. To better understand these perspectives involves acknowledging the embodied and emotional experience of wāhi tapu to Māori, and the active role of kaitiaki in the protection and careful management of these culturally important spaces.

This thesis develops a relational geography perspective on creative work and practice, with a specific focus on the recording studio sector. Drawing on an extensive social network analysis, a questionnaire survey, and nineteen semi-structured interviews with recording studio engineers and producers in London (UK), the thesis reveals how recording studios are constituted by a number of types of relations. Firstly, studios are spaces that involve a material and technological relationality between studio workers and varied means of production. Studios are material and technological spaces that influence and shape human actions and social inter-actions. Secondly, studios are sites of relationality between social actors, including engineers, musicians and artists. The thesis reveals how the ability to construct and maintain social relations, and perform emotional labour , is of particular importance to the management of the creative process of producing and recording music, and to building the individual social capital of studio workers. Finally, the thesis argues that studios are sites of changing employment relations between studio workers and studio as employer. In the recording studio sector, a complex and changing set of employment practices have re-defined the relationship between employee and employer and resulted in a set of employment relations characterised by constant employment uncertainty for freelance studio workers. It is argued that the three types of relations revealed in this thesis, manifest at a multiplicity of geographical scales, construct recording studios as distinctive social and economic creative spaces. In conclusion, it is argued that a relational perspective is central to progressing geographical accounts of creative work and of project-based industries in general.

Since 2014, Airbnb has been the poster-child for an impassioned debate over how to best regulate short-term home rentals (STR’s) in New Orleans, Louisiana. As critical perspectives toward on-demand economic practice become increasingly common, it is important to understand how the impacts of STR platforms like Airbnb extend beyond the realm of what is traditionally conceptualized as the economic (i.e., pressure on housing markets). In this thesis, I explore the ways in which Airbnb recalibrates the spatial and temporal rhythms of everyday neighborhood life for people external to the formal trappings of an STR contract. Drawing in particular on theories of authenticity and feminist political economy, I argue that locals’ emotional labor of “playing host” is necessarily enrolled into the creation of value for Airbnb, and is essential to the reproduction of the platform’s business model and marketing rhetoric.

Keeping forestland intact has emerged as a critical policy objective at state and federal levels. This target has been supported by substantial public investment. The collective impact from the bequest decisions of millions of landowning individuals and families has the potential to affect the extent and functionality of future forests in the United States. Despite a growing body of research devoted to studying these transitions in forest ownership, much remains unknown about how family forest owners make decisions in this arena. The social and emotional dimensions of woodland succession planning have been particularly under-examined. This thesis explores the process of planning for the future use and ownership of woodlands through in-depth analysis of 32 semi-structured interviews with family forest owners in Massachusetts, Maine, New York, and Vermont. The first article investigates how family forest owners evaluate and integrate stories derived from their social networks when planning for the future of their woodlands. Analysis of the themes contained in stories framed as “cautionary tales” revealed common fears surrounding succession planning. The second article explores the complexity of emotional relationships with family forests showing how emotional geographies manifest in the succession planning process. Together, these studies deepen understanding of how family forest owners plan for the future of private woodlands and offer implications for Extension and outreach.

Identifying high-risk areas for child maltreatment to ultimately aid public health agencies for interventions is necessary for protecting children at high risk. Rates of substantiated neglect and physical/emotional abuse in 2000-2002 are computed for the census tracts in the urban area of five counties in Metro Atlanta, Georgia, and analyzed using spatial regression to determine their relationships with twelve risk variables computed from the Vital Records births and the 2000 Census data. After accounting for multicollinearity among risk variables and spatial autocorrelation among observations for neighboring locations, it is found that high percentages of (1) births to non-married mothers, (2) births to mothers who smoked or drank alcohol during pregnancy, (3) unemployed males and females, and (4) single-parent families with children under age six best predict the rates of substantiated neglect, and that high percentage of births to mothers who smoked or drank alcohol during pregnancy best predicts the rates of substantiated physical/emotional abuse.

In den wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen der Mathematik, Physik, Philosophie, Geschichte und der Geografie ist der Raum sowohl als Untersuchungsgegenstand als auch als Analyseinstrument von zentralem Interesse. Er kann als soziales Phänomen und Produkt sozialer Praktiken und Handlungen gelten. Theoretische Annahmen solcher Art qualifizieren Raum als analytische Kategorie und sorgen für seine Anschlussfähigkeit an die Geschlechterdifferenzierungsforschung sowie die Gender und Queer Studies. In den Fokus gerät dabei die Interdependenz von Raum- und Geschlechterordnungen.

This thesis explores the opportunities, challenges, and initiatives for coffee tourism in the context of Ethiopia. My research addresses five themes to achieve its research aims, which are as follows: arriving at prospective coffee tourism frameworks; addressing the reasons behind the underdevelopment of coffee tourism in Ethiopia; highlighting coffee tourism’s opportunities and challenges in Ethiopia; identifying potential coffee tourists, and; initiating coffee tourism through local collaborations. The core research methodologies are: fieldwork in Ethiopia involving a series of interviews with key stakeholders and a detailed case study of one potential coffee tourism region; digital ethnography, and; knowledge transfer activities enabled by several conceptual approaches such as development in Africa, power relations, reformed orientalism, situated knowledge, self-other, emotional geographies, and participatory geographies. Through this research, I found that coffee tourism cannot simply be a combination of coffee and tourism; coffee tourism needs to be understood through various contexts in addition to that of tourism; coffee tourism can be a more practical tourism form and a new coffee marketing vehicle in Ethiopia, and; coffee tourism potentially brings more advantages to the coffee industry in coffee bean exporting countries with current sustainable coffee initiatives such as fair trade or other coffee certification projects. Coffee tourism is not widely discussed in academia, and I argue that this research addresses several gaps in the literature: suggestions for coffee tourism frameworks, coffee tourism research in the context of Ethiopia, coffee tourism research beyond simple analysis in terms of the tourism or coffee industries, and a new illumination on Ethiopian culture, tourism, and coffee culture. Raising the topic of South Korea’s impact in Ethiopia as well as the East Asian role in coffee tourism is also an important contribution to academia. During my PhD tenure, I found a potential global partnership between coffee bean exporting countries and coffee bean importing countries through coffee. Ethiopia is an ideal place for coffee tourism, and it is my hope that coffee tourism could present an approach that brings to light Ethiopia's cultural wealth.

Recent calls from progressive, subaltern and postcolonial geopoliticians to move geopolitical scholarship away from its Western ontological bases have argued that more ethnographic studies centred on peripheral and dispossessed geographies need to be undertaken in order to integrate peripheralised agents and agencies in dominant ontologies of geopolitics. This thesis follows these calls. Through empirical data collected during a period of five months of fieldwork undertaken between October 2014 and March 2015, it investigates the ways through which an Indigenous community of the Canadian Arctic, Tulita (located in the Northwest Territories' Sahtu region) represents geopower. It suggests a semiotic reading of these representations in order to take the agency of other-than/more-than-human beings into account. In doing so, it identifies the ontological bases through which geopolitics can be indigenised. Drawing from Dene animist ontologies, it indeed introduces the notion of a place-contingent speculative geopolitics. Two overarching argumentative lines are pursued. First, this thesis contends that geopower operates through metamorphic refashionings of the material forms of, and signs associated with, space and place. Second, it infers from this that through this transformational process, geopower is able to create the conditions for alienating but also transcending experiences and meanings of place to emerge. It argues that this movement between conflictual and progressive understandings is dialectical in nature. In addition to its conceptual suggestions, this thesis makes three empirical contributions. First, it confirms that settler geopolitical narratives of sovereignty assertion in the North cannot be disentangled from capitalist and industrial political-economic processes. Second, it shows that these processes, and the geopolitical visions that subtend them, are materialised in space via the extension of the urban fabric into Indigenous lands. Third, it demonstrates that by assembling space ontologically in particular ways, geopower establishes (and entrenches) a geopolitical distinction between living/sovereign (or governmentalised) spaces and nonliving/bare spaces (or spaces of nothingness).

Video games represent more than just a simple pastime for young people. With advances in technology, developers have been able to effectively mimic the human experience presenting realistic three-dimensional spaces filled with even the minutest details of everyday life, and this offers a legitimate space for scholarly analysis. Open-world games, which allow for unparalleled exploration of virtual worlds, offer gamers a look at society and culture through various lenses, offering social commentary on issues like racism, class struggle, and conspicuous consumption. "Grand Theft Auto IV" is one of the most popular games of all time, and a deeper look at the narratives within the game world of Liberty City proves that video games offer gamers more than just a mindless pastime.

Over the past decade, vinyl records have re-emerged as a mainstream format for casual music listening, drastically increasing both in sales and media attention. The emotional relationship between collectors and the real and imagined places they associate with these records, a tactile medium in an age of digital downloading and internet streaming, is a key yet overlooked factor in this contemporary resurgence. Inspired by the extant literature on collecting, emotional geographies, and other post-structural understanding of affect, this study examines this trend in three ways: reviewing the history of the recording industry, observing specific spaces of vinyl consumption in the Los Angeles area, and interpreting individual opinions of record collectors. The study concludes with a post-structural assessment of the emotional geographies of collecting vinyl records in Los Angeles and throughout North America.

This thesis investigates the role of emotion in an ethical consumption context. It responds to a call by many researchers for greater knowledge of ethical issues in the field of marketing and consumer behaviour. This interest has emerged from a growth in ethical consumption practices despite hard economic times. The limitations of the renowned intention-behaviour gap highlight that such practices cannot be wholly explained by rational processes alone. However, little attention has been afforded to the impact of non-rational factors such as emotion. By examining the concept of emotion, this study addresses previously ignored consumption phenomena identified in the experiential perspective of consumer behaviour. More specifically, this thesis concentrates on tourism as an experiential consumption encounter and as a prototypical moral platform on which ethical practices has resulted in a plethora of alternative tourism offerings. This study employs semi-structured interviews with self-defined ethical tourists using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. This approach helped uncover participants' subjective experiences, their meaning and how they make sense of these encounters. The findings of this thesis demonstrate the difficulties experienced by the participants in communicating emotional experiences. As a result, they tended to use the senses to describe these encounters, thereby reflecting deeply engaging and emotional consumption experiences. The pivotal role emotion plays in the participants' ethical decision making is evident as it helps reaffirm an ethical sense of self, thereby influencing future ethical behaviours. Within the consumption experience, emotion appeared as a source of hedonic value often expressed through escape experiences and its concomitant feelings of freedom, through a sense of mutual benefit and in the challenge and achievement bestowed in the experience itself. Furthermore, the relationship between positive and negative emotions is evident highlighting the transformational effect of positive emotions and the influential impact of negative emotions on ethical consumption choices. The main contributions of this study are threefold. First, it contributes to the ethical literature by demonstrating ethical consumption to be a hedonic experience. It highlights emotion's key function in motivating, influencing, evaluating and engaging the participants with their consumption experiences. In particular, it contributes to the literature on ethical tourism as it highlights that the participants' desire to engage in ethical tourism is not only motivated by self-reflection based on their ethical beliefs and values, but also because of how these experiences make them feel. These feelings stem from an intrinsic enjoyment bestowed in choosing an ethical alternative and in the experience itself. Consequently, ethical tourism is regarded as a superior quality experience and a more meaningful consumption encounter. Second, this thesis contributes to the experiential perspective of consumer behaviour, by providing a greater understanding of the concept of emotion in an ethical consumption context. It identifies the central role of emotion prior to, during, and after decision-making in an ethical context. In addition, it demonstrates the motivational and influential role positive emotion has in promoting ethical behaviour, and the reinforcing role negative emotion has in discouraging unethical behaviour. Third, the thesis highlights the significance of pride as a consumption emotion, due to its impact on both a personal and an emotional level, and its ability to influence the individual's ethical decision-making processes. Finally, as a research context, the practical implications of this thesis are evident in their ability to influence marketing strategies employed in the tourism industry and their role in inform policy-makers is illustrated. Implications for future research are also considered.

It was 12:51pm on Tuesday the 22nd of February when a 6.2 magnitude earthquake struck the Canterbury region in New Zealand’s South Island. This earthquake devastatingly took the lives of 185 people and caused widespread damage across Christchurch and the Canterbury region. Since the February earthquake there has been 15,832 quakes in the Canterbury region. The impact of the earthquakes has resulted in ongoing social, material and political change which has shaped how everyday life is experienced. While the Christchurch earthquakes have been investigated in relation to a number of different angles and agendas, to date there has been a notable absence on how older people in Christchurch are experiencing post-disaster recovery. This PhD research attends to this omission and by drawing upon geographical scholarship on disasters and ageing to better understand the everyday experiences of post-disaster recovery for older people. This thesis identifies a lack of geographical attention to the emotional, affective and embodied experience of disaster. In response to this the thesis draws upon qualitative material collected from a six months fieldwork period to better understand the ways in which everyday life is lived out in an environment which has been social and materially altered. This thesis identifies three main interrelated themes which are productive for advancing understandings of how older people are situated in a post-disaster context. The first is that the concepts of emotion, affect and embodiment matter as they help inform how disasters are experienced and negotiated and the implication this has on various social and spatial relations. The second is that the disruption of the disaster to everyday places has implications on senses of belonging which is illustrated in highly temporal and affective dimensions. The third theme highlights the importance of recognising mundane and everyday practices as a means of coping and persisting with ongoing impacts of the disaster. This thesis argues that older people should not be seen as passive or homogenous agents in a disaster context but, in fact, are experiencing highly emotional impacts of disaster.

In recent decades, the built environment has become a political device in new ways. To attend to these particularities, a broadly defined post-humanism has reshaped the way that geographers and other researchers think about what matters in everyday life and what those materials have to do with the question of subjectivity. The critical insights of the "cultural turn" have been updated with reference to the many ways that landscapes and built environments are always embodied experiences that emerge in relation to broader non-human and technological environments. The geographies of consumption, in particular, have been strongly impacted by new technologies that govern the flow of commodities into new spaces, including our everyday lives. This dissertation draws on recent theories of embodiment-including affect and emotion-to explore the politics of the new technological consumer landscapes that have proliferated world wide in the second half of the twentieth century. In Latin America, this expansion was made possible through militarized interventions during periods of dictatorship strongly linked to the geopolitics of the Cold War. Taking Chile as an exemplary case of a rapidly emerging mass consumer society, this dissertation charts the expansion of a dominant sector of society (retail) into new territory, the Chiloé archipelago in southern Chile. The embattled "Mall Paseo Chiloé" offers up an opportunity to explore how embodied feelings are implicated in the production of new consumer landscapes through affective, emotive and non-human interventions.

Since September 11, 2001 the U.S. Border Patrol has grown from 9,821 to 20,273 agents, more than doubling in size and in the process becoming the largest federal law enforcement agency in the United States. This dissertation queries the everyday geographies of the agency's practices; the ways that these geographies intersect with and affect circuits and practices of human migration; how the Border Patrol conceptualizes "threat" and maps this onto people and territory they may then police; the environmental conditions that limit or constrain the everyday reach and efficacy of Border Patrol operations in the remote Arizona desert; the discourses, anxieties and everyday conditions of encounter in rural border regions that drive some residents to call for an even greater increase in border policing; and finally, social movements in the City of Tucson, AZ that have sought to combat, resist and undermine immigration policing through the fabric of everyday life. The dissertation draws from two years of fieldwork in southern Arizona and southeast Michigan examining the complex interactions between residents, civil society actors and law enforcement personnel. Research methods included archival research; semi-structured interviews; and ethnographic observation alongside non-governmental organizations, non-status immigrants and at Homeland Security trade events. The research contributes to geographic literatures on security, migration and border policing in the United States, applying posthumanist theory and feminist methodologies to unpack how material conditions of encounter shape state security practice, how this security practice in turn affects people's everyday conditions of social reproduction, and how these everyday conditions of social reproduction may in turn shape or compel social movement practices that contest these outcomes.

Nearly twenty years after the brutal conflict that occurred in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), ethnosectarian ideology continues to permeate all structures and institutions of Bosnian society, from political and educational institutions to religious and cultural ones; most of all, it is significantly embodied in the everyday life of people in Bosnia. It is these everyday practices that I investigate in order to unravel how ethnicity is (re)produced, performed and experienced through mundane practices of moving through space. Specifically, this dissertation asks: What socio-spatial practices and emotional experiences are involved in the processes of solidifying, as well as dissolving, ethnic identity in BiH? The study is a primarily qualitative investigation of daily life, based on deployment of multiple methods such as participant observation, interviews and a photography project. The site of the study is the town of Mostar in southwestern BiH. It has been formally and informally divided between "Croat/Catholic" west Mostar and "Bosniak/Muslim" east Mostar for over 15 years. The findings point to the ways identity and space emerge as performative effects of practice, as well as how different processes of bordering (between "us" and "them"; between "our" and "their" side) are materialized through different affective intensities.

The purpose of the research paper is to find out what thoughts and emotions environmental and climate issues provoke among pupils according to scientific research. Furthermore, the intention is to ascertain what possible connections there are between the emotions and the education in sustainable development. The research methodology is based upon searching in databases, primarily ERIC and Education Research Complete. Delimitations are made in order to focus on sources that are up-to-date and concern primary school pupils. The results show that many pupils are concerned about climate change and that their thoughts and feelings give rise to a pessimistic view of the future and emotions of anxiety, sadness and anger. Pupils may use different strategies to cope with these feelings which can affect how they behave when climate and environmental issues are discussed. The results also show that the tuition outline and a teacher’s communication with his/her pupils affect how committed they are in climate and environmental issues. The paper concludes that the part of sustainable development education that concerns climate and the environment gives rise to a lot of feelings. It furthermore states that there is a connection between how the tuition is conducted and the emotions of the pupils. It is suggested that if a teacher acknowledges and addresses the feelings of the pupils respectfully, he/she may make use of the emotional aspects to strengthen the pupils ability to express their knowledge and commitment in the subject both in school and at home.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le champ de la géographie des sexualités et contribue plus précisément au champ des géographies queers. Elle étudie la manière dont sont pensés les lieux queers en commençant par les définir, explorant la manière dont ils s’organisent de manière rhizomatique. Les personnes queers créent des lieux à travers des constellations de personnes qui se regroupent autour d’un rapport spécifique au genre et à la sexualité ainsi qu’autour d’un discours politique queer. Après avoir fait l’archéologie de ces milieux, une étude sera menée sur la violence que vivent les personnes queers dans l’espace public jusque dans les espaces privés. La violence systémique est décrite par l’analyse des rapports de domination et des normes. Les violences intracommunautaires sont ensuite étudiées. L’auteur.e propose finalement une critique des espaces queers sécurisés (safe space) pour proposer une autre conception des lieux par la construction d’espaces bienveillants. La méthodologie de la thèse est fondée sur l’observation participante, l’auto-ethnographie ainsi qu’un questionnaire et des entretiens venant compléter les sources. Un accent a été mis sur la réflexivité de la recherche, notamment sur le travail émotionnel que doit faire le chercheur.e face à ce type de terrain
This thesis is a contribution to the geographies of sexualities and more specifically to queer geographies. It first seeks to understand how queer places are created by the many ways they are defined, though of, and organized in their rhizomatic pattern. Self-defined queer people have indeed a tendency to create places through the gathering of an array of persons who are connected by a particular relationship to gender, sexuality, as well as by the political component of the queer discourse. Focusing next on the “milieux de vie” that emerged from this loose network of places, the research looks at the systematic violence exerted against queer people in the public and private space. This phenomenon is seen and explained through a set of norms and domination patterns occurring at different levels and scales in society. Violence within the communities is finally studied. The author concludes in examining and in offering a critic of the concept of safe space, which lay the ground for the proposal of the construction of espaces bienveillants (derived from the concept of brave place). The study was conducted through participant observations, auto-ethnographic method, on-line surveys and direct conversations. Reflexivity was at the center of the field work, the author insists most notably on the emotional work researcher faces in this type of research

Les émotions, les sentiments, les affects sont des thématiques encore peu explorées dans le champ des sciences de l'espace, pourtant de plus en plus nombreux sont les auteurs qui soulignent la nécessité de surmonter la difficulté de leur intégration. Souscrivant à cet objectif, la recherche pose comme hypothèse que la dimension affective de la relation de l'homme à son environnement, son rapport affectif à l'espace, depuis les mécanismes qui président à sa construction jusqu'à ses conséquences pratiques, constitue une connaissance utile à l'aménagement. À travers la thèse nous avons donc cherché à mettre en lumière les mécanismes de type affectif, en lien avec les valeurs, les préférences, qui sont en mesures d'intervenir à la fois sur les représentations, les décisions et sur les actions qui participent aussi bien des logiques géographiques au fondement de l'agencement des espaces que des logiques projectives propres aux pratiques de transformation intentionnelle des espaces habités.

Research Doctorate - PhD Human Geography
Abstract: This thesis is a call for greater reflexivity on the role of emotions in development. It argues that emotions are integral in both reproductions of Orientalisms and in producing resistances to Orientalisms. The framework for this research is a combination of Postcolonial Studies and Emotional Geographies, and a case study of HIV and AIDS development work in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The methods used are several forms of critical discourse analysis applied to: mainstream development research; development policy (at several levels); in-country experience; and the middle ground between policy and policy enactment. The data sources were: 30 mainstream HIV and AIDS development research articles; 4 policy documents; 20 in depth interviews; and a free writing journal documenting 3 months of participant observations in a PNG HIV and AIDS development organisation. Results reveal evidence of emotions, of attempts to avoid unpleasant emotions, and of attempts to elicit emotions in others in all aspects of the development process. In the case of PNG HIV and AIDS Development work, it seems that emotions, or the attempts to influence emotions, have the potential to promote or resist Orientalisms. Of particular note are feelings of uncertainty, confusion and disorientation. If one is reflexive, these emotions may be powerful in generating resistance to Orientalisms, but without reflexivity they can reproduce them in powerful ways. I conclude this thesis by claiming that a reflexive understanding of the roles of emotions can uncover covert and persistent forms of Orientalisms in development work. Emotional reflexivity can also help find new ways of thinking and being that can move the ‘West’ beyond Orientalisms. In particular, I call for more reflexive ways of embracing and accepting the uncertainty that in inherent in the development process.

碩士
國立中正大學
教育學碩士在職專班
105
A Study on the Emotional Geography of the Caregivers and the Parents in the Education and Nursing Institution Adviser: Dr. Chan, Sheng-Ju Author: Tsai, Mei-Fang Abstract This study used qualitative research methods. Based on the concept of emotional geography proposed by Hargreaves (2001), this paper uses the methods of interview and observation to collect data. Sampling method is purposive sampling. The subjects were five caregivers and five parents. The study was conducted in a education and nursing institution. The conclusions of this study are as follows: Sociocultural distance First, the distance between caregivers and female parents is more intimate than the distance between caregivers and male parents. Second, because of gender stereotypes, parents have doubts about the services of male caregivers. Third, single-or two-parent family and parental socioeconomic status do not directly affect the distance between caregivers and parents. Fourth, the growth process and religious factors affect the distance between the caregivers and parents. Moral distance First, caregivers and parents have similar ideas, so that the moral distance between them becomes closer. Second, how caregivers and parental concern the mentally retardation affects the moral distance between them. Third, caregivers replace the duties of parents to take care of children. This slows down the pressure on parents and reduces their moral distance. Professional distance First, that parents trust the "national examination system" and "public institutions" reduces the professional distance. Second, that parents agree with or question the professionalism of caregivers affects the professional distance between them. Third, that caregivers and parents understand each other narrows the professional distance. Fourth, the professionalism of parents affects the professional distance between the caregivers and parents. Fifth, that caregivers use expertise to deal with the defense mechanism reduces the professional distance between caregivers and parents. Political distance First, that parents trust the caregivers of professional affects the political distance. Second, that parents take the position in the association of parents widens the political distance. Third, that parents use power to affirm or negate caregivers affects political distance. Fourth, that caregivers and parents respect each other narrows the political distance. Physical distance First, that welfare institutes have high turnover rate of caregivers widens the physical distance between caregivers and parents. Second, because of busy working, caregivers cannot narrow the physical distance with the parents. Third, comparing to interact by telephone, that caregivers and parents interact face-to-face can narrow the physical distance. Fourth, the timing of interaction between caregiver and parent affects physical distance. When caregivers interacting with parents, whether children are present or not influence the physical distance. Fifth, the frequency of interaction between caregivers and parents affects the physical distance. Sixth, parent-child tourism activities reduces the physical distance between caregivers and parents. Seventh, that caregivers use the communication software Line reduce the physical distance between the caregiver and the parent. Eight, defense mechanism increases the physical distance. Keywords: emotional geography, welfare institutions

abstract: Tourism is not always a lighthearted affair. Visitors are often attracted to places associated with dark and complex pasts, where communities host a wide range of lived experiences, memories and associations. While tourism has potential to facilitate progress and create opportunities, it may also emphasize a place’s hardships or its controversial history. For tourism development to be ethical and sustainable, it is vital to understand its community impacts, including how it may influence residents’ perceptions and wellbeing.This research investigated residents’ senses of affect and emotion within touristic spaces of Mostar, a re-emerging destination city in Bosnia and Herzegovina that experienced some of the worst physical destruction and human casualties during the Bosnian War of the 1990s. An interdisciplinary, multiple-methods approach employed qualitative and quantitative methods, including an intercept survey, resident interviews, participant observation, and autoethnography. In Part 1, construal level theory of psychological distance was applied in quantitative, survey-based research to understand how tourism may impact residents’ affective responses to local places. In Part 2, fourteen young adult residents were invited to experience their city as “tourists for a day,” visiting attractions alongside the researcher and reflecting upon their experiences via a three-stage interview process. The resulting article specifically explores the concept of affective atmospheres, drawing connections to interdependence theory. Part 3 employed a creative and introspective autoethnographic approach incorporating journaling, poetry and photography to examine the researcher’s own experiences and observations as a visiting researcher in a post-war city. This inquiry was inspired by works from cultural geography engaging non-representational theory and affect theory. These three discrete studies under a shared thematic umbrella allowed for an in-depth exploration of affect, emotion, and lived experiences within touristic spaces of a post-war, recovering city. Overall, findings suggest that residents perceive tourism as a generally positive force, fostering senses of pride and creating opportunities for the city to move on from the persistent social and economic repercussions of war. However, the social and affective impacts of war are deeply engrained within the fabric of the city, and tourism has the capacity to emphasize differences and discomforts amongst residents and visitors alike.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Community Resources and Development 2020

La mise en œuvre de politiques néolibérales globalisantes, axées sur la gouvernance des marchés, a conduit à la délocalisation des sources d’emploi vers des centres de production spécifiques, obligeant ainsi la main-d’œuvre à s’y rapprocher. C'est le cas des paysans mexicains et guatémaltèques mobilisés année après année vers les champs et les serres du Québec par le biais du Programme des travailleurs agricoles saisonniers (PTAS) ou du volet agricole du Programme des travailleurs étrangers temporaires (VA-PTET). Individus qui font partie d'une main-d'œuvre vulnérable et flexible, et dont les conditions d'embauche violent les droits fondamentaux et du travail en les liant à un seul employeur, les obligeant à résider dans la propriété de l'employeur et les exposant à un rapatriement prématuré. Ce projet de recherche infère que l'affectivité et l'émotivité sont des sujets de plus en plus explorés en sciences sociales, en particulier en géographie. En intégrant la dimension émotionnelle, il souligne la nécessité d’examiner les récits émotionnels des ouvriers agricoles transmigrants mexicains et guatémaltèques, en se basant sur l’utilisation idéologique possible des émotions socialisées à plusieurs échelles par les acteurs qui gèrent les programmes qui les embauchent. Il en découle que la compréhension des émotions de ces travailleurs, associée à leur participation à des conditions de travail spécifiques définies par le PTAS et le VA-PTET, peut contribuer de manière significative aux études traitant de la relation entre émotivité et migration de travail masculine. Cette démonstration consiste à analyser les politiques et pratiques étatiques du Canada, du Mexique et du Guatemala, en utilisant des émotions telles que la peur, le désespoir, l’acquiescement et la résignation comme mécanismes de contrôle social au sein du PTAS et du VA-PTET; ainsi que la satisfaction et la fierté de remplir le rôle de fournisseur principal du foyer en tant que forme unique de masculinité proposée par ces programmes. En particulier, la relation entre les émotions, la masculinité et l'expérience du manque de pouvoir (powerlessness) est élucidée. De même, par le biais de l'imbrication des récits des travailleurs, l'interaction de différentes catégories discriminatoires est clarifiée, sur la base du genre masculin, rarement utilisée dans les études migratoires existantes. Enfin, nous analysons les discours de ceux qui restent dans les communautés d'origine, des épouses des travailleurs et de certaines personnes clés, afin de rendre compte des coûts émotionnels causés par l'absence de leurs maris/pères de leurs enfants.
The implementation of neoliberal globalizing policies, centered on the governance of markets, has led to the relocation of employment sources to specific production centers, forcing the workforce to move to them. Such is the case of the farm workers from Mexico and Guatemala that are mobilized year after year into Québec’s fields and greenhouses through the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP) and / or the Agricultural Stream of the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (AS-TFWP). Individuals who are part of a vulnerable and flexible labour force, and whose hiring conditions violate their fundamental and labour rights by tying them to a single employer, forcing them to reside in the employer's premises and exposing them to premature repatriation. This research project infers that affectivity and emotionality are increasingly explored topics in the social sciences, particularly in geography. By incorporating the emotional dimension, it exposes the need to examine the emotional narratives of Mexican and Guatemalan transmigrant farm workers, based on the possible ideological use of the emotions that are socialized in a multiscalar and spatial way by the actors who govern the programs that hire them. It therefore raises the question that understanding the emotions of these workers, associated with their participation under specific work conditions framed by the SAWP and the AS-TFWP can significantly contribute to studies that address the relationship between emotionality and male labour migration. This is demonstrated by analyzing Canadian, Mexican and Guatemalan state-driven policies and practices, using emotions such as fear, despair, acquiescence and resignation as mechanisms of social control within the SAWP and the AS-TFWP, along with satisfaction pride in fulfilling the breadwinner role as the unique form of masculinity proposed by these programs. In particular, the relationship between emotions, masculinity and the experience of powerlessness is elucidated. Likewise, through the interweaving of workers' narratives, the interaction of different discriminatory categories is clarified, based on the masculine gender, rarely used in existing migratory studies. Finally, we analyze the speeches of those who have been left behind, the wives of the workers and a few key people, in order to account for the emotional costs caused by the absence of their partners and fathers of their children.
La implementación de políticas neoliberales globalizantes, centradas en la gobernanza de los mercados, ha provocado una deslocalización de las fuentes de empleo hacia centros específicos de producción, forzando a la mano de obra a desplazarse hacia éstos. Tal es el caso de la población trabajadora proveniente de México y Guatemala que es movilizada año tras año hacia campos e invernaderos quebequenses a través del Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales (PTAT) y/o del Rubro Agrícola del programa de Trabajadores Extranjeros Temporales (RA-PTET). Individuos que forman parte de una fuerza laboral vulnerable y flexible, y cuyas condiciones de contratación violan sus derechos fundamentales y de trabajo al sujetarlos a un solo empleador, obligarlos a residir en la propiedad de éste y exponerlo a la repatriación prematura. Este proyecto de investigación infiere que afectividad y emocionalidad son temáticas exploradas de manera creciente en las ciencias sociales, particularmente, en la Geografía. Al incorporar la dimensión emocional, expone la necesidad de examinar las narrativas emocionales de los trabajadores agrícolas transmigrantes mexicanos y guatemaltecos, partiendo del posible uso ideológico de las emociones que es socializado de manera multiescalar por los actores que gobiernan los programas que los contratan. Plantea entonces, que la comprensión de las emociones de dichos trabajadores, asociadas a su participación bajo condiciones labores específicas enmarcadas por el PTAT y el RA-PTET puede contribuir significativamente a los estudios que abordan la relación entre emotividad y migración laboral masculina. Esta demostración se realiza analizando las políticas y prácticas estatales canadienses, mexicanas y guatemaltecas, de utilización de emociones tales como miedo, la desesperanza, la aquiescencia y la resignación como mecanismos de control social al interior del PTAT y el RA-PTET; a la par de la satisfacción y orgullo de cumplir con el rol de proveedor principal del hogar como forma única de masculinidad propuesta por dichos programas. De manera particular, se dilucida la relación existente entre emociones, masculinidad y la experiencia de carencia de poder (powerlessness). Asimismo, a través del entretejido de las narrativas de los trabajadores se esclarece la interacción de distintas categorías discriminatorias, teniendo como base el género masculino, raramente utilizado en los estudios migratorios existentes. Finalmente, se analizan los discursos de quienes permanecen en las comunidades de origen, las esposas de los trabajadores y algunas personas clave, a fin de dar cuenta de los costos emocionales provocados por la ausencia de sus compañeros y padres de sus hija-os.