Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Émotions chez le nourrisson'
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Abramson, Irit. "L' émotion et le symptôme somatique chez l'enfant." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131037.
Full textFreud brought to light the psychic causality of hysterical somatic symptoms. But, what is the somatic symptom in early infancy ? Can we define it as an expression of psychic defense or as a substitute physiological defense for an impossible psychic approach of the environment ? The psychodynamic orientation given by the psychoanalytic concept of repression is an essential contribution to the problem of resistance through-out the treatment. One question remains concerning the persistance of non organic fonctional disorders in children when their perception is not yet co-ordinated with a mental représentation but is a condition of psychic development as well as an activation of signal of a biological rythm disorder. This point justifies the investigation of the relation between selective fonctional disorders and relational experiences where the environment reactions amplify the intensity of the baby’s emotional tensions, reinforces the relief of these tensions into muscular activity and finally increases reflex organic mechanisms against pain. Among the factors that provoque lasting fonctional disorders, we can take into consideration the repeated miss-matching of the baby’s physiological need of tension regulation with his mother’s emotional reactions. We can also mention the obstruction effect of non matching interaction to the transition between perceptive experiences and the primary psychic defense that is memory
Lafine, Florence. "Corps, affectivité et jeu de langage : du sensoriel au sens social, l'ontogènese possible de l'habitus et des représentations sociales chez le Bébé." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0166.
Full textThe aim of our project is to make a focus on the concept of habitus (Bourdieu) through the analysis of interactions between the baby and his environment. Our conceptual groundwork consists of three parts: The first one starts with the learning and acquisition of a language game (Wittgenstein) during the intra-uterine life. Throughout the five sense organs, the baby experiences various sensory lines performed in specific grammatical meanings. Based both on customary experiences and strange events, a perceptive sensory system with a proximal closeness is invented, included a social dimension. Thanks to it, the baby can ascribe an intelligibility to his native surrounding conditions, and he can afford to communicate and convey emotions. The second one relates how soon after birth the infant can afford to a more complex system, including a distal dimension. Thanks to the results of PILE, 2004-2008 (a research program on language, based on a qualitative database from video sequencies of babies in interaction with their mother), we can see how specifical conditions or troubles make different the developpement and the efficience of the language game. So that, the baby is differently introduced to self-discovery and to his social environment. The last part tries to describe and study the way of transmission of social meanings on which habitus and language forming are based. This transmission is only possible under the specific charge of affectivity in characteristic activities running social reference patterns. Language game, including a spatio-temporal dimension, will be the always active part of the processes involved with primary habitus and in the infant acquiring language
Bussières, Ève-Line. "Stress maternel prénatal et développement précoce : données de naissance, attention et sécrétion cortisolaire à trois mois : association entre le stress maternel prénatal, l'âge gestationnel et le poids de naissance du bébé : une méta-analyse d'études prospectives : association entre le stress maternel prénatal, l'attention/éveil et la sécrétion cortisolaire de l'enfant à trois mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29070/29070.pdf.
Full textTremblay, Elsa. "La contribution des émotions de l'enfant et de la sensibilité maternelle dans la relation d'attachement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68418.
Full textPouliot, Sandra. "Structure de la réaction comportementale face à la nouveauté chez les enfants âgés de 18 mois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46532.
Full textBayet, Laurie. "Le développement de la perception des expressions faciales." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS049/document.
Full textThis thesis addressed the question of how the perception of emotional facial expressions develops, reframing it in the theoretical framework of face perception: the separation of variant (expression, gaze) and invariant (gender, race) streams, the role of experience, and social attention. More specifically, we investigated how in infants and children the perception of angry, smiling, or fearful facial expressions interacts with gender perception (Studies 1-2), gaze perception (Study 3), and face detection (Study 4).In a first study, we found that adults and 5-12 year-old children tend to categorize angry faces as male (Study 1). Comparing human performance with that of several automatic classifiers suggested that this reflects a strategy of using specific features and second-order relationships in the face to categorize gender. The bias was constant over all ages studied and extended to other-race faces, further suggesting that it doesn't require extensive experience. A second set of studies examined whether, in infants, the perception of smiling depends on experience-sensitive, invariant dimensions of the face such as gender and race (Study 2). Indeed, infants are typically most familiar with own-race female faces. The visual preference of 3.5 month-old infants for open-mouth, own-race smiling (versus neutral) faces was restricted to female faces and reversed in male faces. The effect did not replicate with own- or other-race closed-mouth smiles. We attempted to extend these results to an object-referencing task in 3.5-, 9- and 12-month-olds (Study 3). Objects previously referenced by smiling faces attracted similar attention as objects previously cued by neutral faces, regardless of age group and face gender, and despite differences in gaze following. Finally, we used univariate (face side preference) and multivariate (face versus noise side decoding evidence) trial-level measures of face detection, coupled with non-linear mixed modeling of psychometric curves, to reveal the detection advantage of fearful faces (compared to smiling faces) embedded in phase-scrambled noise in 3.5-, 6-, and 12-month-old infants (Study 4). The advantage was as or more evident in the youngest group than in the two older age groups.Taken together, these results provide insights into the early ontogeny and underlying cause of gender-emotion relationships in face perception and the sensitivity to fear
Bat-Pitault, Flora. "Marqueurs sommeil et émotionnels du risque de dépression chez les mères et leurs enfants." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5063/document.
Full textThe main objective of this work was to search for markers in sleep and emotions level of risk of developing major depression in mothers and their children known as "at risk”. After a clinical description of close links between sleep, depression, emotion and cognition in mothers during pregnancy and the postpartum period and in children and adolescents, we conducted a retrospective study of the first children and adolescents sleep mothers with a personal history of depression. This study highlighted the macro-level architectural features related to depressive identifiable risk adolescents at risk. We then conducted a broader prospective study which involved 302 mother-child dyads followed from birth to 36 months of the child. Initially, our goal was to describe in mothers sleep abnormalities during pregnancy can indicate a risk of postpartum depression and more broadly to induce a number of consequences on the development of the child. Secondly this large cohort allowed us to link early alterations of child sleep with cognitive and emotional peculiarities to 36 months. We have also been able to describe in children 6 months to risk of depression, macro and micro-architectural deterioration of sleep may constitute a subsequent psychopathology risk factor via impaired neuroplasticity early in development; and in these same children 36 months through a negative emotional recognition constitutes a subsequent psychopathology vulnerability factor particularly depressed. The monitoring of this longer-term cohort remains crucial to observe children at risk among those who develop other sleep or emotional anomalies and ultimately a major depressive episode
Ballesta, Sébastien. "Émotions et décisions sociales chez le macaque." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10321/document.
Full textDo macaques are able to take into account others' welfare during social decisions-making ? If so, what capacities allow them to apprehend it and which variables would influence their decisions in such social contexts ? From perception to the production of social behavior, a multitude of complex mental processes allow macaques to live in a dynamic society, structured and cohesive. Although the presence of pro-and antisocial behavior had already been described, their ultimate and proximate causes are not known. Does empathy, defined here as the ability to feel the emotions of others, could explain the expression of pro-social behavior? The answers to such questions might have important implications for science, but also in philosophy and ethics. The originality and relevance of our experimental approach lies in the objective measurement of social behavior using innovative devices and protocols developed and validated during this thesis. Indeed, we aimed to reproduce a social context in a controlled laboratory environment. Thus, by placing two animals face to face, we have developed a unique protocol for social decision allowing a macaque to delivered either an aversive stimulus (an air puff on the face), an appetitive stimulus (drop of fruit juice) to its partner, to an empty space or to itself. The choices are organized in pairs, the actor had to select either the prosocial option or antisocial option or, for non-social controls decision the rational or irrational option. Appropriate analyzes of eye tracking measures (level of mutual gaze and blink frequency) allowed us to establish relationships between emotional responses and pro (or anti) social trends. It revealed processes dependent on past experiences and relationships with the partner, thus homologous to those involved in human emotional empathy
Marineau-Bonnet, Anne-Sophie. "Apport de vitamine D chez le nourrisson." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P035.
Full textPORRETTI, DOMINIQUE, and SWYSEN CATHERINE PORRETTI. "Premiers soins chez le nourrisson : these filmee." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M306.
Full textHenry, Mylène. "La reconnaissance des émotions chez des enfants maltraités." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2011. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2069/1/030183277.pdf.
Full textStreri, Arlette. "Voir, atteindre, toucher : les relations entre la vision et le toucher chez le bébé." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H036.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the origins of the relations between perceptual systems such as touch and vision, and the development of their relations during the first year of life. The problem of the unity of senses at birth is old. This question has been answered to in two different ways : prehension of visual object and intermodal transfer or multimodal exploration. Prehension is a relation between the visual sense and the tactual motor system whereas intermodal transfer and multimodal exploration is a relation between senses. The two fields were studied separately until now and it became necessary to bring them together in order to have a complete view of the different relations between perceptual systems which organize our behaviour from birth. A complete analysis of the litterature in the two fields and our own experiments on intermodal transfer may suggest an early unity of the systems at birth. However, this unity is fragile in prehension and a reorganization of behaviour is observed which may be attributed to the development of the tactual motor system. The unity is established between sensory modes but the relations between vision and touch are not reversible at each age. This lack of reversibility may be attributed to the different speeds of the development of the two systems. We ask the question of the stages of cognition that the infants construct in the first year from perceptual and motor organization
Raymond, Myriam Grovel Olivier. "L'aromathérapie chez le nourrisson et le petit enfant." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHraymond.pdf.
Full textASSOSSOU, IRENE. "La perforation spontanee des voies biliaires chez le nourrisson." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M151.
Full textDamon, Fabrice. "Développement des préférences pour la familiarité chez le nourrisson." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS033/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to examine of the development of face category formation using infants’ visual preferences. We investigated the mechanisms leading to differential face preferences by integrating them in the theoretical framework developed by Valentine (1991), the face-space. We proposed that the way perceptual experience shape the structure of the face-space is a determinant of infants’ face preferences. We postulated that faces close to the central tendency of the face-space (i.e., prototype) will be preferred. We first reported a bias to look more toward adult faces than infant faces from birth to 6 month of age (Studies 1 and 2). Adult faces correspond to a frequently encountered category while infant faces represent a less frequently encountered category. We also showed a downturn of this familiarity bias as infants grow older (Study 3). The preferences showed by younger infants might be linked to a form of false recognition of the caregivers’ faces, due to the massive exposure to these faces. This pattern of preferences was not found in 3-to 12-month-olds presented with child and infant faces (Studies 4 and 5). Conversely, infants showed a tendency to prefer the less familiar faces, depending on their perceptual experience. We then studied 9- and 12-month-olds’ abilities to form categories of faces differing by age, i.e., adult, child, and infant faces, (Study 6). Twelve-month-olds formed discrete categories of adult and infant faces in one hand, and of child and infants faces on the other hand. Nine month-olds showed an asymmetric pattern of behavior, forming categories of child faces that exclude a new infant face, and categories of infant faces that include a new child face. All these infants being exposed to infant faces via nursery, the asymmetry might stem from the influence of the knowledge of this category of faces. In the last study (Study 7), we tried to provide more direct evidences of the link between face preferences and the distance from the prototype in two different populations: 12-month-old human infants, and 3-month-old macaque infants (Macaca mulatta). Preferences for faces close to the prototype in both species suggest a common mechanism leading to face preferences
Molina, Michèle. "Des modalités sensorielles à l'amodalité perceptive : étude de la non réversibilité du transfert entre toucher et vision à deux mois." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H024.
Full textThe ability of two month-old infants to transfer information from one modality to another is not reversible : the visual recognition of a previously touched object is possible but not the reverse. Several theories of intermodal transfer are first explored, then three hypotheses are proposed to explain the non reversibility of transfer. This irreversibility could be stem for the incapacity of the young infant to abstract visually an invariant necessary to recognize the object in a second modality, or to the weak perceptual competence of the hand, or to an inability to transfer some information from one modality to the other. Results provided evidence, at two months, that volume information of tactual objects does not provide pertinent information for the intermodal transfer and that tactual and visual percepts are not available at the same level of representation. These discrepancies between the two percepts disappear by the fourth month. Mechanisms of intermodal transfer are discussed and the notion of an amodal perceptual process is proposed
Millêtre, Béatrice. "Habituation visuelle et traitement de l'information chez le nourrisson de 3 et 5 mois." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H063.
Full textVisual habituation is often considered as linked to information processing, but very few studies have emphasized the relations. Our work has tried to define the relations between visual habituation and information processing. At the end of our experiments, it clearly appears that informaiton processing is achieved before habituation is reached. Habituation can then be considered as involving two successive operations, the first during which information is encoded and a representation made, the second one during which the perceptive imput is compared with the preceeding mnemonic trace, and information recognized as the same. Habituation shows the sam two operations at 3 and 5 months
Tibi, Nakache Valérie Just Jocelyne. "Place de l'allergie alimentaire dans l'asthme du nourrisson." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0238330.pdf.
Full textWicker, Bruno. "Perception et interprétation du regard : neuroanatomie fonctionnelle chez l'homme et chez le singe." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T011.
Full textTurati, Chiara. "Il riconoscimento del volto nei primi mesi di vita : l'emergere di un sistema cognitivo specializzato." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H068.
Full textRovira, Katia. "L'organisation perceptive et ses limites chez le bébé de 4 mois : capacités de discrimination et de catégorisation." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H081.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study of the early perceptual organization. Following the theoretical presentation of the developmental approaches explaining the emergence of this process, we tested the sensibility of 4-month-old infants to the spatial relationships between elements belonging to a configuration. For this purpose, we used different configurations and their modifications in various discrimination and categorization situations. In a first experimental step, the configurations were made of 6 elements arranged around a vertical or horizontal virtual central axis. The modification was either a partial (2 elements) or complete (all elements) permutation around the central axis. In the discrimination task, babies had significant novelty reaction in the partial permutation condition and a preference for the familiar situation in the total permutation condition. The categorization activity was rarely observed. In a second experimental step, we used more or less regular configurations of 8 elements. The modification here consists in suppressing one element. In discrimination, the results showed both an effect of the fugure regularity level and an effect of the position of the suppressed element. We did not observe a categorization activity. This experimental work evidenced the early perceptual organization and its limitations in 4-monthold infants. The main result is that some relations are more easily perceived than others and the important change rate of stimulations in the categorization situation limits early perceptual organization
Ngon, Céline. "Issues in early phonological and lexical acquisition." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066348.
Full textOver the last four decades, a growing body of research has been dedicated to the study of the cognitive mechanisms allowing infants to acquire their native language with remarkable ease. The present dissertation reports the findings of three experimental studies addressing crucial issues in phonological and lexical acquisition at different stages of development. In a first study, we explored the types of mechanisms driving the acquisition of a sound inventory. During the second half of the first year of life, infants’ phonetic perception is refined according to the native language structure, with speech sound discrimination declining for non-native contrasts and improving for native contrasts. However, a question that has remained unanswered is how to account for the order in which the different native categories are acquired. In particular, two hypotheses have been proposed: (1) a frequency-based hypothesis, according to which exemplars of sound categories occurring the most frequently in the input speech should be acquired earlier than less frequent categories; (2) a universal markedness hypothesis, according to which less marked sounds should acquire before more marked ones. To disentangle these two possibilities, we designed a cross-language developmental study, in which the discrimination of two non-native contrasts was tested across two languages at two ages, and in which the two hypotheses predict different developmental scenarios for the two languages. So far, the pattern of results seems to converge on the universal markedness account (though more robust data is needed to validate this hypothesis). However, we also argue that an alternative frequency-based explanation can account for our results. In a second study, we investigated the acquisition of a receptive lexicon. To detect word-forms in the speech stream, it has been suggested that infants rely on statistical coherence between syllables, a universal, language-independent cue that would help them get started with a first set of forms. While it is well-known that infants are sensitive to statistical cues, we provide unique evidence confirming that infants really make use of this available resource to build a lexicon. In particular, we exploited the fact that a purely statistical learning strategy should extract words but also high-frequency sound sequences that do not correspond to actual words. Infants’ receptive lexicon was simulated using a crude algorithm that extracts frequent disyllabic sequences from a corpus of French infant-directed speech, and recognition of such sequences was tested in a series of preferential listening experiments. French-learning infants of 11 months, an age at which their word segmentation capacities are still rudimentary, were found to recognize isolated high-frequency nonword sequences (e. G. Va faire, n’as plus) and fail to differentiate between these nonwords and actual words in the same frequency range (e. G. Canard, “duck”; ballon, “ball”). These results show that infants do apply statistical cues, guiding them to build a “protolexicon”, containing both words and nonwords, and which will later be pruned as robust segmentation abilities develop. In a third study, we examined the output phonological representations of words in French-learning infants of 21 months, an age at which they comprehend many words but often misarticulate them or do not attempt to produce them at all. We showed that they are able to covertly produce the phonological form of words that they do not yet produce overtly, and make internal (though coarse) judgments about their phonological length. In an anticipatory eye-movement procedure, infants were presented with images of objects whose labels they had to covertly produce and categorize according to their length. Crucially, the images represented objects whose labels were understood but not yet overtly produced by the infants, according to parental report. Successful categorization was measured by correct anticipations of the appearance of each object to a designated side on a screen (left or right), which was determined by the length of the object’s label. Infants’ performance was significantly above chance when words were monosyllabic and trisyllabic (e. G. Chat vs. Pantalon), and marginally so with words of a smaller phonological difference, i. E. Monosyllables vs. Disyllables (e. G. Chat vs. Ballon). These observations constitute unique evidence that infants possess output phonological representations for words before they start producing them. Together, these findings offer new insights into infants’ phonological and lexical development, from the perceptual abilities allowing them to recognize the sounds and word-forms of their language to the representations of words in the output lexicon. We discuss the interpretation of our experimental results and propose avenues for future research to answer new questions raised by our findings
CHOUKROUN, CATHERINE. "Allotransplantation cardiaque orthotopique chez l'enfant de moins d'un an." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M131.
Full textMathivet, Éric. "Spécialisation cérébrale et reconnaissance des visages étude chez le nourrisson /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616093v.
Full textBonnet, Eric. "L'infarctus du myocarde chez le nouveau-né et le nourrisson." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25060.
Full textMathivet, Eric. "Spécialisation cérébrale et reconnaissance des visages : étude chez le nourrisson." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22062.
Full textCHEVRIER, DECLERCQ ELISABETH, and COULON ISABELLE ROLIN. "Insuffisance coronaire fonctionnelle chez un nourrisson : a propos d'un cas." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M116.
Full textLEROUX, MARINE. "Les leucemies aigues chez l'enfant de moins de 1 an." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA3030.
Full textSann, Coralie. "Le transfert intermodal et intermanuel d'information chez le nouveau-né : une comparaison entre deux propriétés de l'objet : forme vs. texture." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H044.
Full textResearch on cross-modal transfer in infant is now well documented but the question of cross-modal transfer at birth is still unexplored. The purpose of the present research was to investigate cross-modal abilities in newborns, by comparing the performances concerning two object properties: shape and texture. Our studies revealed that cross-modal transfer of shape is uni-directional (from touch to vision) but bi-directional for texture. But, newborn's grasping seems unsufficient to detect texture information of flat object. Inter-manual transfer of texture and also of shape is possible at birth. Thus, transfer of information exists from birth, but it depends on the object property to be processed and on the constraints of each sensory modality
VANOVERSCHELDE, STEPHANE. "L'hemangiomatose multinodulaire du foie chez le nourrisson : a propos d'une observation." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M156.
Full textGolouboff, Nathalie. "La reconnaissance des émotions faciales : développement chez l'enfant sain et épileptique." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H059.
Full textThe aim of this research is (1) to develop a new facial emotion recognition test for children (the TREFE) to assess their ability to recognize 5 basic emotions (happiness, fear, anger, disgust, sadness) against neutrality (no emotion), (2) to describe the normal developmental trajectories of facial emotion recognition in 279 healthy subjects aged from 7 to 25 and (3) to investigate the impact of epilepsy on the development of this competence in 37 children and adolescents with partial epilepsy. In the normal population, results reveal that the ability to recognize emotions in facial expressions is functional from pre-adolescence (7-8 years) and improves until adulthood (16-25 years). In patients, results show the impact of epilepsy and its topography on the development of emotion recognition from childhood. As in adults, early-onset temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with impairments in fear recognition
Richard, Catherine. "La Communication chez le nourrisson particularités et relation avec le tempérament /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376093440.
Full textLaurans, Stéven Siret Daniel. "Diagnostic différentiel de l'asthme chez le nourrisson et le jeune enfant." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDlaurans.pdf.
Full textAgoumellah, Fatiha. "Pathologie de Clostridium difficile chez le nourrisson de moins d'un an." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P199.
Full textColomer, Marie-Noe͏̈lle Marigo. "Reflux gastro oesophagien chez le nourrisson : indication de l'intervention chirurgicale précoce." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11114.
Full textWarot-Danis, Agnès. "Postures et mouvements chez le nourrisson au cours des premiers mois." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA08A001.
Full textRichard, Catherine. "La communication chez le nourrisson - particularites et relation avec le temperament." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H071.
Full textBrua, Claire. "La stenose hypertrophique du pylore chez le nourrisson : traitement et perspectives." Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15058.
Full textFéron, Julie. "Habilités numériques du bébé de 5 mois dans la modalité haptique." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H014.
Full textMany experiments have suggested that infants show preverbal numerical capacities. These data have led researchers to a debate abouth whether this ability results from sensitivity to perceptual features or from a more general abstract representation of numerosity. Two classes of models are debated today. One proposal is that infants represent numbers as analog magnitudes, which accords to Weber's law. An alternative is that infants represent each individual in a set by a distinct symbol (a file). According to this view, the number of entities that could be represented in parallel is about 3 or 4. The present research focuses directly on the nature and format of numerical representations by investigating infants' numerical abilities in the haptic mode. Intermodal transfer from touch to vision paradigm is used to test infants' ability to recognize numerical equivalence across sensory modalities. Expeiments 1, 2 and 3 show that 5-month-old infants can detect numerical correspondences between a sequence of haptic stimulation and a visible scene, providing evidence of amodal representation of numerosities. Experiment 4 and 5 reveal that infants's success in intermodal transfer tasks is not determined by Weber's law but by the size of the sets to be compared, providing direct evidence that infants do not rely on analog-magnitude representations but rather on object-files representations. Finally, a complementary experiment indicates that the absolute limit of precise discrimination is 3
DELVINCOURT, BARTHES MONIQUE, and NICOLAS VIRNOT. "Les fibromes cardiaques : 1 cas chez un nourrisson ; revue de la litterature depuis 1971." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M028.
Full textBouchette, Corinne. "Entéropathie auto-immune du nourrisson : à propos d'une observation." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11222.
Full textFayolle, Sophie. "Perception du temps et émotions chez l’adulte et l’enfant : étude des mécanismes." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL018/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to study more precisely the influence of emotions on time perception, and above all to try to identify the underlying mechanisms, still unknown to this day. For this, I conducted 6 studies organized around 2 axes. The goal of Axis 1 was to identify the mechanisms involved in the effect of emotions on the duration judgment of emotional stimuli in a temporal bisection task. The goal of Axis 2 was to develop new induction methods in order to observe more robust effects.The results reveal a subjective lengthening of time, with different types of highly arousing emotional stimuli. This effect appears with several types of threatening stimuli and a wide range of durations, ranging from 0.3 to 8 s. It also appears similarly in adults and children, at least from the age of 5. Moreover, this time dilatation is not accompanied by an improvement in time sensitivity, even when temporal discrimination was difficult. All of these data suggest a robust effect of highly arousing emotions on time perception, which would be explained mainly by automatic mechanisms, and would cause the acceleration of the internal clock. In a situation of danger, this clock acceleration would allow the individual to react as quickly as possible. When time goes faster, the individual is prepared to act quicker. However, further studies are still needed to resolve the issue of automatic processes and the absence of attentional effects
Brechet, Claire. ""Dessine-moi un bonhomme joyeux" : marquage graphique des émotions basiques chez l'enfant." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30058.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to investigate the relationships, first between expressive and representational drawing, and then between expressive drawing and children’s conceptualization of emotions. Two studies with children from 5 to 11 years old are conducted for this purpose. The children are asked to draw a human figure who displays basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, disgust). The drawings are analyzed in terms both of their emotional expressivity and of their content (types and number of graphic cues, types of depictions). The children are also asked to freely label basic emotions from emotional scenarios. Results show that there is a strong link between children’s ability to label and then to depict basic emotions. The number of expressive drawings depends both on the drawer’s age and on the emotion being depicted. The drawings’ content reveals the use of facial, postural and contextual cues to depict emotions. The facial cues are mostly produced alone (facial depiction) and sometimes with contextual cues (facial-contextual depiction). The results suggest interdependency between expressive drawing and representational drawing. We consider that those two aspects of graphic abilities develop jointly and draw their graphic cues within a common repertoire. The results also lead us to think that children’s ability to draw expressively is strongly linked to their conceptualization of emotions. This assertion calls for further, in-depth research
Rosier, Marius. "Émotions et sommeil paradoxal : étude comportementale, fonctionnelle et anatomique chez la souris." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1016/document.
Full textSleep is a vigilance state observed in most of animal species and is involved in many functions. Paradoxical sleep (PS, or Rapid Eye Movement Sleep), an essential sleep state, seems to be closely linked to emotion regulation. It seems that one aspect of this function could be due to the potentiating role of PS in emotional long-term memory, and the paradoxical decrease in the emotional tone associated to the memorized event. We tested the hypothesis that the first hours of post-learning PS could be important for remote long term emotional memory in mice. We performed a contextual fear conditioning followed by 6 hours of PS deprivation, and assessed the memory at recent (24 hours) and remote (30 days) recall. Our behavioral analysis reveals a specific alteration of memory performances when animals were tested at remote delays, revealing for the first time a role of post-learning PS in remote memory consolidation.We then performed immunohistochemistry analysis of neuronal activation during memory recall by assessing the expression of the immediate early gene zif268 in a large number of areas involved in emotional memory processing. Our results reveal a major role of post-learning PS in the regulation of neuronal activity taking place during remote memory consolidation.Thus we show that the first few hours of post-learning PS can be crucial for the regulation remote fear memory. These results suggest that this PS function could be due to the early initialization of remote reorganization of memory networks, acting notably by a homeostatic decrease of neuronal activity in areas involved in the expression of emotions
Batty, Magali. "Perception des émotions faciales au cours du développement normal et autistique." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20006.
Full textThe goal of this thesis was to investigate the neural substrates involved in facial emotional processing in adults and during normal and autistic development, using event-related potential (ERPs). In adults, early ERPs components were sensitive to facial emotions demonstrating the automaticity and rapidity of emotional processing. Developmental data revealed a late maturation of these processes. The adult pattern was reached only in teenagers, although the youngest children showed a distinctive sensitivity to emotion, suggesting that the emotional processing early in childhood decreases with age, as a more mature pattern evolves. The ERPs of autistic children showed developmental delays. The adult pattern of emotional processing was not seen in any of these children; the pattern seen in young control children was present in the autistic children but it did not change with age
Alaoui-Ismaïli, Ouafae. "La relation olfaction-émotion chez l'homme : analyse neuro-végétative." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10327.
Full textM'Bailara, Katia. "Étude de la réactivité émotionnelle chez les patients bipolaires." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21261.
Full textBipolar disorders are defined by alternating thymic episodes, which are characterised by the type of affects (euphoria or irritability for mania, sadness for depression). Facing the clinical heterogeneity of bipolar disorders, mania and depression are usually divided into multiple subgroups, making clinical practice difficult. This study aimed at testing the interest of a dimensional approach of mood with a particular interest in the emotional reactivity during acute episodes and periods of relapses. The first objective was to evaluate the physiological and subjective emotional responses of bipolar patients during the different phases of the pathology (mania, depression, and remission) by presenting emotionally-charged slides (positive, neutral and negative). The second objective was to create and validate a tool based on a dimensional approach of thymic episodes (MAThyS). Results showed a small emotional hyperreactivity during remission. This hyperreactivity is significantly raised during the manic states and is either slightly decreased during hyporeactive depression or increased during hyperreactive depression. In conclusion, our findings stress the importance of thymic reactivity for the understanding of patient-environment interactions in bipolar disorders
Singh-Manoux, Archana. "Partage social des émotions et comportements adaptatifs des adolescents : une perspective interculturelle." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100081.
Full textGrondin, Pierre. "La perception des objets impliqués dans des relations causales et non causales chez les enfants de 6 mois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43100.
Full textMilhet, Sylvie. "Perception tactilo-kinesthésique du poids et appariements intermodaux entre le toucher et la vision chez le jeune bébé de moins de six mois : étude développementale." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H020.
Full textA series of experiments study the haptic bimanual perception of objects with identical or different weights, and intermodal matching between touch and vision in 2- and 4-month-olds infants. Results show that (1) out of visual control, infants can haptically discriminate between same and different weignt displays and (2) infants can match haptic information about weight difference or identity with subsequent visual information about a difference or identity between the levels of two objects hung to a scale beam. Moreover, 4-month-olds ara able to establish this relation from touch to vision and also from vision to touch. This result support the hypothesis of one information being amodal. To understand these matchings and their milits three others properties were studied. Infants are able to make intermodal matching when the discrepancy between haptic ans visual information is low. But, the infants fail when they have to rely on a non-perceptive cue to make the relation