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Journal articles on the topic 'Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie I'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Van der Beken, Christophe. "Ethiopia: From a Centralised Monarchy to a Federal Republic." Afrika Focus 20, no. 1-2 (February 15, 2007): 13–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0200102003.

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Ethiopia: From a Centralised Monarchy to a Federal Republic Although the Ethiopian state traces its roots back to the empire of Axum in the first centuries AD, the modern Ethiopian state took shape in the second half of the 19th century. During that period the territory of the Ethiopian empire expanded considerably. Several ethnic groups were incorporated into the empire and the foundations for a strong, centralised state were laid Centralisation of authority in the hands of the emperor and a strategy of nation building that denied the ethnic diversity of Ethiopian society characterised the rule of Emperor Haile Selassie. At the same time, these elements contributed to its decline. Haile Selassie was ultimately deposed by a military committee in 1974. This announced the end of the Ethiopian monarchy and the transformation of the Ethiopian state, following the Marxist model. In spite of Marxist-Leninist attention to the 'nationalities issue', Ethiopia remained a centralised state, dominated by one ethnic identity. This gave rise to increasing resistance from various regional and ethnic liberation movements. The combined effort of these movements caused the fall of military rule in May 1991. The new regime, which was dominated by ethnically organised parties, initiated a radical transformation of the Ethiopian state structure that leads to the establishment of a federation in 1995.

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2

Levin, Ayala. "Haile Selassie's Imperial Modernity: Expatriate Architects and the Shaping of Addis Ababa." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 75, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 447–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2016.75.4.447.

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In the 1960s, Addis Ababa experienced a construction boom, spurred by its new international stature as the seat of both the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa and the Organization of African Unity. Working closely with Emperor Haile Selassie, expatriate architects played a major role in shaping the Ethiopian capital as a symbol of an African modernity in continuity with tradition. Haile Selassie's Imperial Modernity: Expatriate Architects and the Shaping of Addis Ababa examines how a distinct Ethiopian modernity was negotiated through various borrowings from the past, including Italian colonial planning, both at the scale of the individual building and at the scale of the city. Focusing on public buildings designed by Italian Eritrean Arturo Mezzedimi, French Henri Chomette, and the partnership of Israeli Zalman Enav and Ethiopian Michael Tedros, Ayala Levin critically explores how international architects confronted the challenges of mediating Haile Selassie's vision of an imperial modernity.

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3

Getachew, Yohannes Tesfaye. "A History of Koshe Town in South-Central Ethiopia from 1941 to 1991." Ethnologia Actualis 20, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eas-2021-0006.

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Abstract Koshe town is the administrative and commercial center of Mareko woreda.1 It is found in Gurage Zone Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State. According to the tradition the origin of the name “Koshe” is originated from the plant which called by the name Koshe which abundantly grow in the area. The establishment of Koshe town is directly associated with the five years Italian occupation. Due to the expansion of patriotic movement in the area Italian officials of the area forced to establish additional camp in the area in a particular place Koshe. This paper explores the role of Fascist Italy for the establishment of Koshe town. The former weekly market shifted its location and established around the Italian camp. Following the evacuation of Fascist Italy the Ethiopian governments control the area. During the government of Emperor Haile Selassie Koshe town got some important developmental programs. The most important development was the opening of the first school by the effort of the Swedes.2 The Military regime (Derg)3 also provided important inputs for the urbanization of Koshe town. This research paper observes the development works that flourish in Koshe during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie and the Military regime, and also asses the role of different organizations for the urbanization of Koshe town.

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4

Stepman, François. "King of Kings – The Thriumph and Tragedy of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia." Afrika Focus 29, no. 2 (February 26, 2016): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02902011.

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5

Kropp, Manfred. "Edward Ullendorff: From Emperor Haile Selassie to H. J. Polotsky. An Ethiopian and Semitic Miscellany." Aethiopica 1 (September 13, 2013): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.1.1.624.

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6

Marsai, Viktor. "Az utolsó császár Magyarországon – Hailé Szelasszié 1964-es látogatása." Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies 14, no. 3-4. (January 30, 2021): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/at.2020.14.3-4.2.

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The visit of the Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie on 20-23 September 1964 was one of the most important events of the Hungarian foreign relations that time. This article aims to examine the circumstances of the meeting and its effects on the Ethio-Hungarian relations. The main statement of the paper is that although the visit did not bring a breakthrough in the collaboration, it helped to strengthen and fill with content the fresh connection between the parties, and it also determined the main frameworks of cooperation for the next two and half decades. Furthermore, the negotiations bred important practical experiences for the Hungarian administration, which knowledge helped not only in the relations with the developing world, but also in the wider international arena.

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7

Volpe, M. L. "Book Review: Nigusie Kassae V.M. (2016). Haile Selassie I - Emperor of Ethiopia. Moscow: RUDN University publ., 424 p. (in Russian)." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 18, no. 4 (2018): 992–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2018-18-4-992-995.

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8

Dunkley, D. A. "The Suppression of Leonard Howell in Late Colonial Jamaica, 1932-1954." New West Indian Guide 87, no. 1-2 (2013): 62–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-12340004.

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Abstract This article is about Leonard Percival Howell, the man who is widely regarded as the founder of the Rastafari movement, which started in Jamaica in 1932. The article focuses on the attempts to suppress Howell during the foundational phase of the Rastafari movement from 1932 to 1954. This was the period in which Howell began preaching the divinity of Haile Selassie I, who was crowned the emperor of Ethiopia in 1930. In 1937, Howell established the friendly organization known as the Ethiopian Salvation Society, and in 1940 started the first Rastafari community in the hills of the parish of St. Catherine, Jamaica. These and his other religio-political activities made Howell the target of one of the longest and most aggressive campaigns to suppress an anticolonial activist during the late colonial period in Jamaica. However, one of the main points of this article is that the attempts to suppress Howell, who was seen by the colonial government as seditious, implicated not just the colonial regime, but also a number of other opponents within the society. This article is an attempt to show that Howell’s suppression was not exclusively a colonial endeavor, but a society-wide campaign to undermine his leadership in order to disband the Rastafari movement. Howell advocated an anticolonialism that was seen as too revolutionary by every participant in the campaign to suppress him and his movement, and particularly aggravating was the notion that a black monarch was the fulfillment of biblical prophecy, and whose ascension signaled the start of black nationalism as a global liberation movement to end white rule over Africans and people of African descent.

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9

Cusack, Carole M. "The Romance of Hereditary Monarchs and Theocratic States: Ethiopia and Emperor Haile Selassie I in Rastafarianism and Tibet and the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, in Western Buddhism." Alternative Spirituality and Religion Review 4, no. 1 (2013): 122–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/asrr20134121.

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10

Alasow, Jonis Ghedi. "Emperor Haile Selassie." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 35, no. 1 (September 16, 2016): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2016.1232884.

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11

Vestal, Theodore M. "King of Kings: The Triumph and Tragedy of Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia. By Asfa-Wossen Asserate. Translated by Peter Lewis. (London, United Kingdom: Haus Publishing, 2015. Pp. xiii, 374. $29.95.)." Historian 79, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12507.

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12

Negash, Girma. "The rise and rise of agricultural wage labour: evidence from Ethiopia's south, c.1950–2000." Africa 87, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972016000681.

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AbstractThis article seeks to examine the dynamic transformation in the system of labour mobilization and the consequent intermingling of peoples of diverse cultural background in northern Sidama, Ethiopia. It investigates the different labour recruitment strategies deployed in the study area at different times, ranging from traditional to hired labour. In the former case, the household plays a major role in the recruitment and supply of agricultural labour, whereas in the latter case, ‘trans-locality’ reinforced by migration becomes central to the labour history of the region. In the 1940s and 1950s, Emperor Haile Selassie I granted large estates of land in the study area to absentee landowners who started schemes of commercial coffee farming. The subsequent expansion of commercialized coffee farming in a locality called Wondo Gänät (northern Sidama) from the 1950s onwards was responsible for the introduction of agricultural wage labour into the wider region. There was no local surplus labour to satisfy the labour needs of the new coffee farms. This void was later filled by Kembata, Hadiya and Wolayita migrant labourers who flocked into the study area from regions widely noted for their scarcity of arable land. This translocal movement of workers paved the way for the beginning of wage employment and eventually the commodification of farm labour in line with capitalist agriculture. Although commercial coffee plantations provided the initial stimulus for labour commodification in the study area, sugar cane-based cash cropping has helped it flourish even further. I argue in this article that the imperial land grants of the late 1940s and 1950s were an important milestone both for the agricultural history of the study area and for the organization of farm labour. Most importantly, I also argue that some of the social tensions and conflicts that often haunt contemporary northern Sidama are legacies inherited from the labour migrations of the 1950s and 1960s and the demographic heterogeneity that ensued.

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13

ADEM, SEIFUDEIN. "The Lion of Judah in the New World: Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia and the shaping of Americans’ attitude toward Africa by T. Vestal Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2011. Pp. 231, $44.95 (hbk)." Journal of Modern African Studies 50, no. 3 (September 2012): 541–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x12000286.

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14

Haile, Getatchew. "From Emperor Haile Selassie to H.J. Polotsky. An Ethiopian and Semitic miscellany. By Edward Ullendorff. (Äthiopistische Forschungen, Band 42.) pp. xix, 192, illus. Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz Verlag, 1995. DM 158." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 6, no. 3 (November 1996): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300007811.

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15

Adem, Seifudein. "Theodore M. Vestal. The Lion of Judah in the New World: Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia and the Shaping of Americans' Attitude toward Africa. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger, 2011. xv + 231 pp. Photo Essay. Notes. Selected Bibliography. Index. $44.95. Cloth." African Studies Review 55, no. 2 (September 2012): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.2012.0033.

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16

Werts, J. K. "The Clothes Make the Man: Portraits of Emperor Haile Selassie." Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2010, no. 27 (September 1, 2010): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-2010-27-108.

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17

McClellan, Charles W. "Emperor Haile Selassie. By Bereket Habte Selassie. (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2014. Pp. 147. $14.95.)." Historian 78, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 738–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12342.

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18

Sorenson, John. "Discourses on Eritrean Nationalism and Identity." Journal of Modern African Studies 29, no. 2 (June 1991): 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00002767.

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Since Italy's defeat in World Ward II, Ethiopia has pressed its claim to Eritrea. Following an abortive federation imposed by the United Nations in 1950, Haile Selassie annexed the former Italian colony in 1962, and for the last three decades Eritreans have fought for their independence.

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19

Marcus, Harold G. "The Politics of Famine." Worldview 28, no. 3 (March 1985): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0084255900046842.

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In Addis Ababa's vast Revolution Square there are large pictures of Marx, Lenin, and Engels, and of Mengistu Haile Mariam, the head of the Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia and leader of the newly organized Workers Party of Ethiopia. In the decade since a military committee, the dirgue, dethroned Haile Selassie and abolished the monarchy, these four have been proclaimed the saviors of Ethiopia. Today, however, many Ethiopians believe the dirgue's policies are responsible for inciting the nationalities to insurrection, reducing agricultural yields in the south, helping to cause the famine in the northeast, tying Ethiopia to the capital-poor Soviet Union and its allies, and unnecessarily alienating the capital-rich West. In their opinion, the government has failed the. revolution by being repressive and rigid. Mengistu and the ideology he represent should give way to new and more flexible leaders and politics.

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20

Guluma Gemeda. "Haile Selassie, Western Education, and Political Revolution in Ethiopia (review)." Northeast African Studies 10, no. 1 (2008): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nas.0.0008.

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21

Marcus, Harold G. "Translating the Emperor's Words: Volume II of Haile Sellassie's My Life and Ethiopia's Progress." History in Africa 20 (1993): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171988.

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The second volume of Haile Sellassie's autobiography had scarcely been out a few months when it fell into oblivion with the emperor's deposition in September 1974. For Ethiopia Haile Sellassie's removal was a defining event, and the accompanying tattoo sought to characterize the emperor's reign, indeed all prior history, as a failure. As Haile Sellassie became an unperson in the Ethiopia of the 1970s and 1980s, his policies remained unstudied as the background to the unfolding political events. There was much that confused me: it was obvious that life had been more satisfactory in Ethiopia during his regime than later, and that educated Ethiopians during the last fifteen years of the emperor's reign had talked optimistically about the future, a quality lost in the mayhem of the period from 1974 to 1978. As Mengistu Haile Mariam lurched from crisis to crisis without solving the country's many problems, I concluded that thoughtful people would want to know why and how Haile Sellassie had been able to keep the country relatively peaceful, while providing a statesmanlike leadership that had been creative and reassuring. This certainty led me to undertake a biography of the emperor.

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22

Nelson, Sioban. "Nursing Experts, Hygienic Modernity, and Nation Building: The Case of Nursing in Ethiopia in the Post-Colonial Era." Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 38, no. 1 (April 2021): 63–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.455-062020.

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This is a tale in three parts. It begins with an exploration of the story of Princess Tsahai, daughter of Haile Selassie, and the highly successful British campaign led by suffragette E. Sylvia Pankhurst to bring British-style nursing and medicine to Ethiopia in the 1940s and 1950s. Second, it examines the role of foreign women, most notably Swedish missionary nurses, in building health services and nursing capacity in the country. Finally, it examines the way in which nursing brought together gendered notions of expertise and geopolitical pressures to redefine expectations for Ethiopian women as citizens of the new nation-state.

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23

Macklin, Graham. "‘No Power on Earth can Remove his Liability’: Emperor Haile Selassie and the Foreign Office, a Documentary Essay." Immigrants & Minorities 25, no. 1 (March 2007): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619280701630995.

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24

Coleman, Sterling Joseph. "Gradual Abolition or Immediate Abolition of Slavery? The Political, Social and Economic Quandary of Emperor Haile Selassie I." Slavery & Abolition 29, no. 1 (March 2008): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440390701841067.

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25

Scott, Catherine V. "Socialism and the ‘Soft State’ in Africa: an Analysis of Angola and Mozambique." Journal of Modern African Studies 26, no. 1 (March 1988): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010302.

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The overthrow of Haile Selassie in Ethiopia in 1974, and the independence of Angola and Mozambique in 1975, as well as Zimbabwe in 1980, seem to have strengthened the case for classifying African régimes on the basis of their ideology.In a collection of mainly country-studies of socialism in sub-Saharan Africa edited by Carl Rosberg and Thomas Callaghy in 1978, various explanations were advanced about why the so-called ‘first wave’ of radicals failed to transform African societies successfully, and a common theme was the major rô played by ideology in differentiating ‘African’ from ‘scientific’ socialist régimes.1 In 1981 David and Marina Ottaway contrasted the ‘African socialism’ of Guinea, Zambia, and Tanzania with the ‘Afrocommunism’ of Angola, Mozambique, and Ethiopia, and contended that ideology was the best indicator of the clear differences that existed in both their institutions and policy choices.2 In 1982 Crawford Young placed African régimes in three ideological categories: ‘Populist socialist’, and ‘African capitalist’.3

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26

Marcus, Harold G. "Prejudice and Ignorance in Reviewing Books about Africa: The Strange Case of Ryszard Kapuscinski's The Emperor (1983)." History in Africa 17 (January 1990): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171827.

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In 1983 Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich issued an English version of Ryszard Kapuscinski's The Emperor, Downfall of an Autocrat, published originally in 1978. Of the fifteen reviews I have read, none was written by an Ethiopianist who might have been expected to know something about Ethiopia's most durable emperor (r. 1916-1974). In other words, the published reviews reflect ignorance about the book's subject, so much so that the critics, to a person, found that the book was not about Ethiopia, or even the emperor, but was about Poland and its then dictator Edward Gierek. They fell for the notion, origanlly invented by the book's bitter Polish readers, that The Emperor was an allegory I They comment, therefore, that Haile Sellassie's story merely “illustrates exactly how the mighty rule, and why, as a result, they fall.” Had I been asked to review Kapuscinski's book, I would have regarded the volume as a serious effort to explain Haile Sellassie and commented accordingly.I would first have stated that Kapuscinski had written a flawed book because he had uncritically believed his informants, several of whom told tall tales about the short monarch. A few examples will suffice to clarify this point. One, Mr. Richard as he is called by several raconteurs, reported that the emperor had a little dog that was permitted to urinate on the shoes of courtiers and that there was a servant whose sole duty was to wipe the offending shoes dry. True, the emperor enjoyed small dogs, but he never would have permitted any animal to humiliate his courtiers. Second, Kapuscinski recounts that the emperor's sole teacher was a French Jesuit, who never was able to inculcate reading into his young charge. In fact, the young Haile Sellassie had several teachers, among them two Capucins but nary a Jesuit. His Ethiopian Capucin, Father Samuel, introduced his student to the classics of Ethiopian and Western philosophical literature and instilled in him a profound respect for reading and learning. Third, Haile Sellassie was, by all reports, a sedulous reader in Amharic, French, and, later, in English. He not only perused books but also reports, newspapers, and magazines. Furthermore, he wrote instructions and orders, giving the lie to Kapuscinski's absurd statement (8): “Though he ruled for half a century, not even those closest to him knew what his signature looked like.”

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27

Weis, Julianne. "Medicalization and Maternal Health: The Use of Female Health Auxiliaries to Modernize Ethiopia under Haile Selassie, 1930–1974." Journal of Women's History 29, no. 4 (2017): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2017.0051.

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28

Bombe, Bosha. "Slavery Beyond History: Contemporary Concepts of Slavery and Slave Redemption in Ganta (Gamo) of Southern Ethiopia." Slavery Today Journal 1, no. 1 (2014): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22150/stj/isxw8852.

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Slavery was officially abolished in Ethiopia by Emperor Haile Sellassie in 1942. Despite the abolitionary law slaves and their descendants have continually been marginalized in the country (especially in the peripheral parts of southwestern Ethiopia) from the time the law passed until today. In the Gamo community of southern Ethiopia, descendants of former slaves carry the identity of their ancestors and as the result they are often harshly excluded. Today, not only are they considered impure, but their perceived impurity is believed to be contagious; communicable to non-slave descendants during rites of passage. In order to escape the severe discrimination, slave descendants change their identity by redeeming themselves through indigenous ritual mechanism called wozzo ritual. However, the wozzo ritual builds the economy of former slave masters and ritual experts while leaving redeemed slave descendants economically damaged. This study is both diachronic and synchronic; it looks at the history of slavery, contemporary perspectives and practices of slavery and slave redemption in Ganta (Gamo) society of southern Ethiopia.

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29

Feyera Senbeta. "The Paradox of Ethiopia’s Underdevelopment: Endogenous Factors in Retrospect." PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD) 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46404/panjogov.v2i1.2907.

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Ethiopia is a country of diverse historical, cultural, geographical, archeological, and ecological resources and is well known as the cradle of humanity. It is also the tenth-largest country in Africa and endowed with vast land and water resources. This country was unable to translate these potential resources into positive development outcomes. This paper examines the historical perspective of Ethiopia’s underdevelopment mystery under the last three regimes (i.e., Haile Selassie (Imperial), Derg, and the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF)). Qualitative approaches mainly interview, discussion, document analysis, and personal experiences were employed in generating relevant data that were analyzed and presented thematically. The results show that Ethiopia ranked the least in many global human development indexes such as Human Development Index, Corruption Index, and Global Hunger Index in the last decade. The underlying historical development challenges include political instability, despotic leadership, corruption, dependence on foreign aid and assistance, controlled freedom of expression, lack of diversity within unity, and inconsistent development policies. Over the last three successive regimes, the state-society relationship has been characterized by conflict, disagreement, and supremacy of state which messed up available national development opportunities. If Ethiopia has to come out of poverty and underdevelopment, it needs to improve its political stability and governance. It must be governed by ‘popularly elected’ not by ‘self-elected leader’ and put in place a system of accountability for a better future and wellbeing of its population. Consistent and pro-poor policy, good working culture, and unity in diversity must be other areas of concern for future development.

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Erlich, Haggai. "IDENTITY AND CHURCH: ETHIOPIAN–EGYPTIAN DIALOGUE, 1924–59." International Journal of Middle East Studies 32, no. 1 (February 2000): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800021036.

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In June 1959, Emperor Haile Sellassie of Ethiopia paid a visit to President Gamel Abdel Nasser of the United Arab Republic, during which the two leaders aired matters of acute strategic importance. Several issues, some touching the very heart of ancient Ethiopian–Egyptian relations, were in the stages of culmination. These included a bitter dispute over the Nile waters (some four-fifths of the water reaching Egypt originates in Ethiopia1), the emergence of an Arab-inspired Eritrean movement, Egyptian support of Somali irredentism, the Ethiopian alliance with Israel, the future of Pan-African diplomacy, and Soviet and American influences.2 Both leaders did their best to publicly ignore their conflicts. They were able to use a rich, though polarized, reservoir of mutual images in their speeches to emphasize the dimensions of old neighborliness and affinity.3 In a joint announcement issued during the farewell party of 28 June, they even underlined a common policy of non-alignment. Though they hinted at the issues mentioned earlier in all their public speeches, they refrained from referring to one culminating historical drama.4 On that very same day, in the main Coptic church of Cairo, the Egyptian Coptic Patriarch Kyrillos VI had ceremonially appointed the head of the Ethiopian church, Abuna Baselyos, as a patriarch in the presence of Haile Sellassie and Egyptian officials. In so doing, he declared the Orthodox Ethiopian church autocephalous, and for the first time since the early 4th century, the Ethiopian church had become independent of the Egyptian church.

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Haruna, Abdallah Imam, and A. Abdul Salam. "Rethinking Russian Foreign Policy towards Africa: Prospects and Opportunities for Cooperation in New Geopolitical Realities." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2021.1.2.24.

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Diplomatic ties between Africa and the Russian Federation dates back to Africa’s dark decades of collective struggle for continental decolonization and severance in relations with its European colonizers. There is a vestige of historical evidence to support the claim that Russia had contributed immensely to this struggle in the early 1950s. Historically, the Russian Revolution of 1917 set the stage for the strenuous global struggle against colonialism and imperialism. This revolution, subsequently, inspired leaders of the nationalist movements on the African continent like Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Nnamdi Azikiwe of Nigeria, Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, Nelson Mandela of South Africa and Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, among others to champion the fight for the liberation of Africa. Between 1945 and 1991, international politics was in a hegemonic geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States and their respective global allies. This power struggle polarized the world into the contrasting ideologies of Capitalism and Socialism. Some African nationalists situated the crusade for self-rule within the Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union. The collapse of the USSR on 26 December 1991 and the fall of the Berlin wall on 9 November 1989 heralded a new era in global politics. This paper is on the assumption that three decades into the demise of the Soviet Union, it is now time to reflect on the influence of Russia in international politics, with particular focus on Moscow’s foreign policy towards Sub-Saharan Africa. This rethinking is crucial because of the criticism that Russia’s renewed interest in Africa is a grand strategy to dominate affairs of the continent, rather than a search for new opportunities for economic cooperation and geopolitical alliances.

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Gebeyehu, Temesgen. "The Genesis and Evolution of the Ethiopian Revolution and the Derg: A Note on Publications by Participants in Events." History in Africa 37 (2010): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0035.

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In 1974 the Ethiopian government of Emperor Haile-Sellasie was overthrown and replaced by the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC). Also known as the Derg, the PMAC adopted socialism, embarked on radical social changes, and retained power for over two decades under its leader, Mengistu Hayle-Maryam, eventually was overthrown in 1991. The Ethiopian Revolution and the Derg are the topics of several authors, including those publishing close to the events, such as Raul Valdes Vivo, Fred Halliday and Maxine Molyneux, and John Markakis and Nega Ayele, and those writing later, such as Christopher Clapham, Edmond Keller, and Bahru Zewde, to name just a few publishing in English. But other publications, in Amharic and English, remain the focus of a lively academic and public debate in Ethiopia. Most of these writings were produced by participants in events, or, in one case, are transcripts of interviews with participants. Some of the raconteurs were revolutionaries, others were their opponents, and still others were members of the imperial regime. Taken together, these publications shed light on the genesis of the Ethiopian Revolution (the February 1974 movements), the consolidation of Derg (in November 1977), and its aftermath. This note examines some of these materials to bring them to the attention of readers of this journal.

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Pankhurst, Richard. "The Mariology of Emperor Zär'a Ya'əqob of Ethiopia. Texts and translations by Getatchew Haile. (Orientalia Christiana Analecta, 242.) pp. xii, 210, 4 p1. Rome, Pontificium Institutum Studiorum Orientalium, 1992." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 4, no. 1 (April 1994): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300004934.

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Markakis, John. "Americans and Ethiopia - Ethiopia at Bay: A Personal Account of the Haile Selassie Years. By John H. Spencer. Algonac, Michigan: Reference Publications, 1984. Pp. xiv + 397. $24.95. - Ethiopia, Great Britain, and the United States 1941–1974: The Politics of Empire. By Harold G. Marcus. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1983. Pp. xii + 205. $26.00." Journal of African History 26, no. 4 (October 1985): 434–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700028966.

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Grine, Frederick E. "Ardipithecus kadabba: Late Miocene Evidence from the Middle Awash, Ethiopia. The Middle Awash Series, Volume 2. Edited by Yohannes Haile‐Selassie and Giday WoldeGabriel. Berkeley (California): University of California. $80.00. xxii + 641 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978‐0‐520‐25440‐4. 2009." Quarterly Review of Biology 86, no. 2 (June 2011): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/659893.

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Norelli, Thomas. "Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia." Philologia 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/ph.v5i1.64.

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Van der Beken, Christophe. "ETHIOPIA: FROM A CENTRALISED MONARCHY TO A FEDERAL REPUBLIC." Afrika Focus 20, no. 1-2 (August 8, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/af.v20i1-2.5067.

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Abstract:

Although the Ethiopian state traces its roots back to the empire of Axum in the first centuries AD, the modern Ethiopian state took shape in the second half of the 19th century. During that period the territory of the Ethiopian empire expanded considerably. Several ethnic groups were incorporated into the empire and the foundations for a strong, centralised state were laid. Centralisation of authority in the hands of the emperor and a strategy of nation building that denied the ethnic diversity of Ethiopian society characterised the rule of Emperor Haile Selassie. At the same time, these elements contributed to its decline. Haile Selassie was ultimately deposed by a military committee in 1974. This announced the end of the Ethiopian monarchy and the transformation of the Ethiopian state, following the Marxist model. In spite of Marxist-Leninist attention to the 'nationalities issue', Ethiopia remained a centralised state, dominated by one ethnic identity. This gave rise to increasing resistance from various regional and ethnic liberation movements. The combined effort of these movements caused the fall of military rule in May 1991. The new regime, which was dominated by ethnically organised parties, initiated a radical transformation of the Ethiopian state structure that leads to the establishment of a federation in 1995.Key Words: Ethiopia, Political Development, Constitutional Development, State Structure

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Stepman, François. "King of Kings – The Thriumph and Tragedy of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia." Afrika Focus 29, no. 2 (August 14, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/af.v29i2.4852.

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Haile Selassie is one of the most bizarre and misunderstood figures of 20th-century history, alternately worshipped and mocked, idolised and marginalised. This magni - cent biography by the German-Ethiopian historian Asfa-Wossen Asserate, is diligently researched and fair-minded with Selassie being accordedthe level of dignity he deserves. The book is manifestly a riposte to Ryszard Kapuscinski’s The Emperor: Downfall of an Autocrat, which portrayed the emperor, and indeed Addis Ababa’s entire Amharic elite, as a comic-opera laughing stock.

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"King of kings: the triumph and tragedy of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia." Choice Reviews Online 53, no. 09 (April 19, 2016): 53–4054. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.196032.

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"The lion of Judah in the new world: Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia and the shaping of Americans' attitudes toward Africa." Choice Reviews Online 48, no. 12 (August 1, 2011): 48–7075. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.48-7075.

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"Emperor Haile Selassie." Choice Reviews Online 52, no. 10 (May 20, 2015): 52–5477. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.191647.

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Bassett, Carolyn. "Haile Selassie, Western Education and Political Revolution in Ethiopia." Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique 40, no. 04 (November 21, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423907071259.

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"Haile Selassie, western education and political revolution in Ethiopia." Choice Reviews Online 45, no. 03 (November 1, 2007): 45–1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-1615.

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Steele, Robert. "Two Kings of Kings: Iran-Ethiopia Relations Under Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Haile Selassie." International History Review, March 4, 2021, 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2021.1882534.

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