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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Emperors Friendship Friendship in literature'
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Wei, Ryan J. Y. "The exercise of friendship in the High Roman Empire." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ouls.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f89cf53e-4492-41e9-b6c9-896d9cbd3285.
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Cyzewski, Julie Hamilton Ludlam. "Broadcasting Friendship: Decolonization, Literature, and the BBC." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461169080.
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Green, Wallace Coleman Jr. "The Visitor Who Never Comes: Emerson and Friendship." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625830.
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fazlollahi, Afag S. "Elizabeth Carter's Legacy: Friendship and Ethics." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/69.
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"Elizabeth Carter's Legacy: Friendship and Ethics" examines the written evidence about the relationships between Elizabeth Carter and her father, Dr. Nocolas Carte; Catherine Talbot; Sir William Pulteney (Lord Bath); and Samuel Johnson to explain how intellectual and personal relationships may become the principal ethical sdource of human happiness. Based on their own set of moral values, such as intellectual and individual liberty and equality, the relationships between Carter and her friends challenged eighteenth-century traditional norms of human relationships.
The primary source of this study, Carter's poetry and prose, including her letters, present the poet's experience of intellectual and individual friendship, reflecting Aristotle's ethics, specifically his moral teaching that views friendship as a human good contributing to human happiness--to the chief human good. Carter's poems devoted to her friends, such as Dr. Carter, Talbot, Montagu, Lord Bath, as well as her "A Dialogue" between Body and Mind, demonstrate her ethical legacy, her specific moral principles that elevated human relationships and human life. Carter's discussion of human relationships introduces the moral necessity of ethics in human life.
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Levine, Jonathan David. "'One wiser, better, dearer than ourselves' : gothic friendship /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6643.
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Redford, Catherine. "Friendship and community in last man literature, 1806-1833." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633498.
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This thesis argues that the wave of Last Man literature published between 1806 and 1833 paradoxically resists the Romantic privileging of the solitary, and is instead deeply concerned with the themes'offriendship and community. Chapter 1 considers the first two Last Man poems to be written in English and argues that this genre is rooted in the concept of community from its very beginnings. This interest in community is perceptible both on a thematic level and in terms~bf the wide network of interlinking cultural responses to the Last Man theme that these early texts inspired. Chapter 2 explores the Last Man theme within the context of the understanding of time during the Romantic age. Charting the contemporary interest in the growth and decline of communities, I argue that Romantic Last Man texts respond both to the idea of cycles and to a recent shift in the understanding of ruin. Chapter 3 demonstrates how this genre repeatedly displays a deep suspicion of communities located within an urban environment. I show how Romantic Last Man texts respond to the contemporary scientific and theological understanding of city life, ultimately figuring London as a space of deception and corruption. Chapter 4 places the Last Man narrative within the context of the Romantic fascination with posterity, demonstrating how the Romantic ideal of writing for a future audience is inverted in the two Last Man novels written during this period. Chapter 5 examines several satirical approaches to the Last Man theme, arguing that these texts comment upon the problem of competition in a genre so transfixed with originality by providing the Last Man with the companion for whom he has always longed.
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Kattekola, Lara V. Virginia. "The Politics of Multiculturalism and The Politics of Friendship." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/192856.
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English<br>Ph.D.<br>This dissertation examines what I refer to as the politics of multiculturalism and the politics of friendship as represented in five texts: Rudyard Kipling's Kim, E.M. Forster's A Passage to India, Meera Syal's novel Anita and Me, Syal's film adaptation Anita and Me, and Gurinder Chadha's film Bend it Like Beckham. I argue these texts are dialogically engaged with larger political discourses concerning race relations, anticipating or problematizing contemporary multiculturalist debates and practices. I read the theme of interracial friendship, prioritized in all five texts, as a strategic narrative device through which larger political questions of race relations get played out. The colonial novels suggest friendship as a potential antidote to interracial tensions, but show (albeit inadvertently in Kim) how it cannot induce a future egalitarian world if one race rules another. In doing so, these novels anticipate multiculturalist discourses, which celebrate diverse cultures but do nothing to address the political inequalities of racialized peoples. The British-Asian texts already assume the futility of multiculturalist celebrations of cultural diversity as a means for progressive race relations and disrupt ideals of fraternal friendship that overlook cultural difference for the sake of social harmony. Even so, these texts still express the necessity of building connections between diverse peoples. Through various narrative strategies, I argue they promote the notion of political friendship, which supports the enunciation not elision of cultural difference, negotiating rather than avoiding the terrain of uneven, incommensurable differences between peoples and cultures to move toward a more promising future. .<br>Temple University--Theses
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Serls, Tangela La'Chelle. "The Spirit of Friendship: Girlfriends in Contemporary African American Literature." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7442.
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The Spirit of Friendship: Girlfriends in Contemporary African American Literature examines spiritual subjectivities that inspire girlfriends in three contemporary novels to journey towards actualization. It examines the girlfriend bond as a space where the Divine Spirit can flourish and assist girlfriends as they seek to become actualized. This project raises epistemological questions as it suggests that within the girlfriend dynamic, knowledge that is traditionally subjugated is formed and refined. Finally, girlfriend epistemology is considered in light of Black Girl Magic, a contemporary social and cultural movement among Black women.
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Mangano, Bryan Paul. "Amiable fictions: virtual friendship and the English novel." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5563.
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This dissertation argues that friendship operates in mid-eighteenth-century English fiction as a privileged category of virtue, knowledge, and aesthetic value. By representing social tensions raised by extra-familial friendships and appealing to readers as friends, Samuel Richardson, Sarah Fielding, Sarah Scott, and Laurence Sterne, develop ideal friendship into a reflexive trope for cultivating authorial identity, framing literary response, imagining a public sphere, and theorizing social reforms. Amiable Fictions offers a new way of thinking about the ethical frameworks that shape experimental narrative techniques at a moment when the English novel is just emerging into cultural prominence.
In this study, I analyze the ways that these four novelists represent friendships as allegorical meditations on interpersonal ethics so as to imagine literary exchange as a virtual form of friendship. I explore how the idealized communicative intimacy of friendship becomes a basis for imagining more perfect spiritual and economic unions. On the level of plot, these fictions unpack the philosophical values of real friendship by staging its antagonism with persistent forms of patriarchy, aristocracy, and economic individualism. Drawing from the values of friendship that arise in the plot, these authors shape narrative exchanges as a tie of friendship. In cultivating an amiable ethos, they avoid appearing as slavish flatterers in a commercialized literary marketplace, or as overly didactic figures of institutional authority.
Amiable Fictions builds on studies of the novel genre by accounting for the way a rhetoric of friendship motivates experiments in narrative form. I offer insights into developments in epistolary style, free indirect discourse, unreliable narration, anonymous authorship, and autobiographical form. I suggest that the concept of friendship orients these writers in their exploration of techniques, propelling them as they articulate a range of possibilities available for future authors of narrative fiction.
This dissertation also engages current scholarly understandings of sociability, sensibility, domesticity, and public and private life in the mid-eighteenth century. These novelists deploy friendship as a moral category that challenges codes of sociability, refines understandings of sympathy, and often antagonizes the emerging cultural authority of the domestic sphere. Reframing questions of gender and sexuality and their influence on literary forms, the project highlights how male characters imitate friendship between women (and vice versa), how social reform impulses raise the need for heterosexual friendship, and how non-familial friendship conflicts with domestic norms as an alternative mediator of public and private character.
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Bakshi, Parminder Kaur. "Distant desire : the theme of friendship in E.M. Forster's fiction." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4016/.
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This thesis places Forster's fiction in the homosexual tradition of English literature and presents, for the first time, a full exposition of the homoerotic motifs in each of Forster's novels. Homoerotic desire has been only partially recognized in Forster's texts, but as the following chapters show the desire for male love is pervasive and affects the structure and techniques of Forster's writing. Homoerotic desire in Forster's fiction attaches to the ideal of friendship and the theme of friendship is invariably connected with the metaphor of journey. Forster uses the metaphor of journey to transport his narratives beyond the confines of English middle-class values to a region where relations between men are acceptable. A homosexual reading of Forster's texts has several implications for his work. Firstly, it emerges that Forster's novels are covert texts which convey the ideal of male love evasively, by strategies of deferment and delay. Secondly, the author's interest in another country, Italy or India, is not for the sake of those countries but allied to homoerotic desire. Lastly, for all the apparent dissimilarities between them, all of Forster's novels variously approach homoerotic desire; the themes of journey and friendship are common to all the novels. The chapters of this thesis demonstrate the way homoerotic desire operates in Forster's narratives. This involves a close reading of the text and an alertness to the novelist's manipulation of language. The thesis reinterprets passages from Forster's novels that previously have either been overlooked or dismissed as obscure. Forster's treatment of homoerotic love in all his novels, except Maurice, is problematic. The narrator's attempts to conceal the real tendency of his narratives creates a tension between the explicit statements and the undercurrents in his texts. The conflict is never resolved, but it gives the novels the odd, peculiar quality that is characteristic of Forster's writing. Forster occupies a unique, if dubious position, in English literature as a homosexual writer whose work has been entirely assimilated into the mainstream, heterosexual tradition.
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Murray, Annie S. "This is Life: A Love Story of Friendship." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1311869143.
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Neel, Travis E. "Fortune’s Friends: Forms and Figures of Friendship in the Chaucer Tradition." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492705588117003.
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Raitt, Suzanne. "The texture of a friendship : V. Sackville-West and Virginia Woolf." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304462.
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Jones, Emrys Daniel Blakelee. "Friendship and politics in British literature during the age of Walpole." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608770.
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Kumojima, Tomoe. "Of friendship and hospitality : Victorian women's travel writing on Meiji Japan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:545e605a-9361-485a-878c-dabb76da9822.
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This thesis explores the possibility and challenges of international/interracial female friendship and anti-communitarian hospitality through writings of Victorian female travellers to Meiji Japan between 1854 and 1918. It features three travellers, viz. Isabella Bird, Mary Crawford Fraser, and Marie Stopes. The introduction delineates the context of key events in the Anglo-Japanese relationship and explores the representation of Japan in Victorian travelogues and literary works. Chapter I considers the philosophical dialogue between Jean-Luc Nancy, Maurice Blanchot, and Jacques Derrida on community, friendship, and hospitality. It demonstrates the potential of applying their thinking, notwithstanding its occasional complicity, to an analysis of the place of hitherto marginalised groups, women and foreigners, in Western philosophical models. Chapter II examines relationships between Bird and Japanese natives, especially her interpreter, Ito in Unbeaten Tracks in Japan (1880) in terms of questions of stable identity and translation. It further undertakes a comparative study between the travelogue and Itō no koi (2005) by Nakajima Kyōko. I explore the afterlife of Bird in Japanese literature. Chapter III investigates friendships in Fraser’s A Diplomatist’s Wife in Japan (1898). It uncovers her connection with Japanese female writers in oblivion, Yei Theodra Ozaki and Wakamatsu Shizuko. I discuss the influence her friendships had on Fraser’s fictional works such as The Stolen Emperor (1903), especially on the fair portrayals of Japanese women. Chapter IV explores friendships between the sexes in Stopes’ A Journal from Japan (1910) and articulates its relationship with Love-Letters of a Japanese (1911) and Plays of Old Japan (1913). I examine Stopes’ romantic relationship with Fujī Kenjirō and its influence on her career in sexology. It also investigates Stopes’ collaboration with Sakurai Jōji on Nō translation and exposes complex gender, racial, and linguistic politics. The conclusion explores three Japanese female travellers to Victorian Britain, focusing on their contact with local women. It considers Tsuda Umeko’s Journal in London, Yasui Tetsu’s Wakakihi no ato, and Yosano Akiko’s Pari yori (1914).
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Frith, Gillian. "The intimacy which is knowledge : female friendship in the novels of women writers." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3658/.
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The thesis offers a historical account of the representation of friendship in the novels of English women writers from the nineteenth century to the present. Questioning the prevalent understanding of the history of women's friendship in terms of a single major rupture, from nineteenth-century 'innocence' to twentieth-century 'guilt', the thesis identifies narrative configurations which recur throughout this, period, and which define friendship as a formative learning experience integrally related to the acquisition of gendered identity. It concludes that there can be no final and 'perfect' representation of friendship, since the nature of the "knowledge' shared has continually shifted in relation to changing understandings of femininity. Chapter 1 identifies the origins and nature of the Victorian concept of the "second self", in which the friend acts as the mirror of, and means of access to, an idealised female subjectivity. Chapter 2 analyses the ways in which this concept informs the narrative patterns and rituals in Victorian fictions of friendship. Chapter 3 offers a new reading of novels by Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot and Charlotte Bronte, in which the conventions identified in Chapter 2 are adapted to question the existing boundaries of feminine identity. Chapter 4 examines the impact of changes in women's education upon the representation of friendship in turn-of-the-century feminist and anti-feminist novels, and in a new genre, the school story for girls. Chapter 5 shows that the scientific construct of lesbianism produced a new distinction between the 'healthy' and the 'unhealthy' relationship, but that the terms of this distinction were contested; in twentieth-century novels of the 'gyriaeceum', the tradition continues, but is newly eroticised. Chapter 6 looks at friendship as 'revision' in recent English and American novels, in which earlier configurations are redeployed in the light of contemporary feminist concern to recuperate and re-imagine the past.
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Brändli, Adrian. "Inimica amicitia : friendship and the notion of exclusion in early Christian Latin literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:39da4c95-9dfe-4d97-9ecf-eed19d0c5c06.
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This thesis discusses the notion of amicitia in early Christian literature. By examining letters and normative texts ranging from the third to the early fifth century, the study illuminates not only how contemporary authors shaped friendship conceptually but also how these concepts relate to the actual social practice. Typically, scholars confine their reading of Christian friendship to the late antique period. In so doing, they approach amicitia either as a particular kind of relationship performing crucial social functions or as a subject for theorization that followed the example of a longstanding ancient philosophical tradition. Particularly influential has been the view that links amicitia with affection and love. Hence, scholars tend to stress the inclusiveness of friendship. By contrast, my own study focuses on the aspect of exclusion as the necessary by-product of social inclusion processes. Along these lines, amicita is described as existing in a dialectical opposition with its antonym, inimicitia. This approach yielded a number of insights. First, as the study moves into uncharted territory, the examination of third century texts highlights a tradition of amicitia-related thought that reached further back than has previously been assumed. From this, a more nuanced picture of friendship emerges that is not constrained by scholarly established boundaries between different fields of study. Second, the principle of inclusion and exclusion, dividing the world into amici and inimici, has been revealed as a powerful tool in church politics and religious controversy that established sharp boundaries between competing Christian factions. This view, which posits the truth of faith as the necessary prerequisite for friendship, is set off against other contemporary voices that did not make amicitia dependent on a particular religious group affiliation. Third, while disentangling friendship from the question of love, the character of Christian amicitia is viewed against the backdrop of the divine household. Though the conceptual overlap between friendship and kinship is not unique to the Christian tradition, such thinking ties in with an idea of community that builds on the paternity of God. These findings have implications for both the study of ancient friendship and the history of the early church. They improve our understanding of the relation between the conceptualization of amicitia and the actual social practice and moreover offer a deep insight into the social dynamics of contemporary religious controversies.
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Hirsch, Pam. "Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon and George Eliot : an examination of their work and friendship." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306308.
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Carr, Glynis Elaine. "The female world of love and racism : interracial friendship in U.S. women's literature, 1840-1940 /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487671108307227.
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Sutton, Matthew D. "Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way?: Interrogating the Interracial Musical-Friendship Trope." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2364.
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Utter, Helena. "“I’m Anti Love as Such.” : Female Friendship in Sally Rooney’s Conversations with Friends." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för utbildningsvetenskap och språk, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-16851.
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Koerner, Hannah Claire. "Defining a Micro-genre: Insular Friend Groups in Contemporary Literature, and What We Saw There: A Novel." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1492741467006626.
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Mentzer, Julianne. "The textuality of friendship : homosocial hermeneutic exchanges in early modern English drama." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16009.
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My thesis argues that textually embedded intimacy and exclusivity between men opens up ethical problems concerning the use of education and persuasive powers—the ability to reconfigure vice as virtue, to argue a case for transgressions, and to navigate political, economic, and social spheres for personal self-advancement. My argument is based first on the proposition that masculine elite friendship in the early modern period is situated in specific pedagogical practices, engagement with particular rhetorical manuals and classical texts, and manipulation of texts which determine the affectionate, ‘textual', nature of these relationships. From this, I propose, second, that a hermeneutic process of rhetorical and poetic composition and exclusionary understanding is embedded within these textual relationships. From these two propositions, I analyse the textual surface of homosocial relationships in order to ask questions about ethical dilemmas concerning the forms of power they represent. How can an enclosed system of affection be useful for political, social, or financial advancement by making a vice (self-interest) of a virtue (fidelity), a dubious idea in the early modern period? How are homosocial networks developed and depicted through an engagement with their own textuality? Are they shown as transgressive and dangerous in further marginalizing those who are not privy to the system of textual exchange between men? The creation of homosocial male friendships is predicated on the idea that there are shared texts and methodologies for internalizing ideas from classical sources (imitatio) and for using these as starting points for the creation of arguments (inventio) to suit social, political, and even domestic situations. I focus on fictitious relationships developed in early modern English drama—as playwrights represent masculine discourse, textual knowledge, and rhetorical techniques. The friendships and fellowships in these dramatic productions contain questions about the use of masculine networks in socio-political and economic navigation.
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Williamson, Richard Joseph 1962. "Friendship, Politics, and the Literary Imagination: the Impact of Franklin Pierce on Hawthorne's Works." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277669/.
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This dissertation attempts to demonstrate how Nathaniel Hawthorne's lifelong friendship with Franklin Pierce influenced the author's literary imagination, often prompting him to transform Pierce from his historical personage into a romanticized figure of notably Jacksonian qualities. It is also an assessment of how Hawthorne's friendship with Pierce profoundly influenced a wide range of his work, from his first novel, Fanshawe (1828), to the Life of Franklin Pierce (1852) and such later works as the unfinished Septimius romances and the dedicatory materials in Our Old Home (1863). This dissertation shows how Pierce became for Hawthorne a literary device—an icon of Jacksonian virtue, a token of the Democratic party, and an emblem of steadfastness, military heroism, and integrity, all three of which were often at odds with Pierce's historical character. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the Hawthorne-Pierce friendship. The chapter also assesses biographical reconstructions of Pierce's character and life. Chapter 2 addresses Hawthorne's years at Bowdoin College, his introduction to Pierce, and his early socialization. Chapter 3 demonstrates how Hawthorne transformed his Bowdoin experience into formulaic Gothic narrative in his first novel, Fanshawe. Chapter 4 discusses the influence of the Hawthorne-Pierce friendship on the Life of Franklin Pierce, Hawthorne's campaign biography of his friend. The friendship, the chapter concludes, was not only a context, or backdrop to the work, but it was also a factor that affected the text significantly. Chapter 5 treats the influence of Hawthorne's camaraderie with Pierce on the author's later works, the Septimius romances and the dedicatory materials in Our Old Home. Chapter 6 illustrates how Hawthorne's continuing friendship with the controversial Pierce distanced him from many of the prominent and influential thinkers and writers of the day, including Ralph Waldo Emerson and Elizabeth Palmer Peabody. Chapter 7 offers a final summation of the influence of Pierce on Hawthorne's art and Hawthorne's often tenuous role as political artist. Finally, the chapter shows how an understanding of Hawthorne's relationship with Pierce enhances our perceptions of Hawthorne as writer.
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Wanczyk, David M. "Collation: Essays." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1272899655.
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Barrett, Redfern Jon. "Queer friendship : same sex love in the works of Thomas Gray, Anna Seward, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin." Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43030.
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Sperens, Jenny. "My Friend Is the Man : Changing Masculinities, Otherness and Friendship in The Good Soldier and Women in Love." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-135734.
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This essay explores how masculinity is portrayed in The Good Soldier (Ford Madox Ford) and Women in Love (D.H Lawrence), and how Victorian and Edwardian masculinity ideals impact the friendships between the characters John Dowell and Edward Ashburnham and Rupert Birkin and Gerald Crich. The novels portray how hegemonic masculinity in Edwardian Britain changed from one type of masculinity, based on physical dominance, to include another, which drew on expert knowledge, capitalism and rationalism. In the texts, these masculinities are buttressed by the comparison to a male Other. In The Good Soldier, Edward Ashburnham stands for the ideals connected to dominance through his roles as landlord and soldier, and he is depicted as the “manlier” character in comparison to John Dowell. The same kind of coupling is found in Women in Love, where Gerald Crich represents both older ideals of dominance and newer ideals of expertise and rationality and Rupert Birkin is the relational opposite. Both Rupert Birkin and John Dowell are categorized as “not man” in the texts in order to emphasize that Edward Ashburnham and Gerald Crich are the “real” men. However, when the “manlier” characters have died both John Dowell and Rupert Birkin perpetuate masculine ideals, either by emulating hegemonic ideals or by redefining them. Furthermore, the Victorian and Edwardian conceptions of masculinity and male friendship inhibit the characters from forming emotionally close friendships. In both texts, emotional intimacy is portrayed as precarious and a more impersonal from of friendship that entails loyalty to a group or cause, camaraderie, is preferred.
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Sy, Kadidia. "Women's Relationships: Female Friendship in Toni Morrison's Sula and Love, Mariama Ba's So Long a Letter and Sefi Atta's Everything Good Will Come." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/30.
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WOMEN’S RELATIONSHIPS: FEMALE FRIENDSHIP IN TONI MORRISON’S SULA AND LOVE, MARIAMA BA’S SO LONG A LETTER AND SEFI ATTA’S EVERYTHING GOOD WILL COME by KADIDIA SY Under the Direction of Renée Schatteman, Chris Kocela and Margaret Harper ABSTRACT This study analyzes female friendship in four novels written by black diasporic women and examines the impact of race, class and gender on women’s relationships. The novels emphasize how women face the challenges of patriarchal institutions and other attempts to subjugate then through polygamy, neo-colonialism, constraints of tradition, caste prejudice, political instability and the Biafra war. This dissertation uses characterization and plot analysis to explore the different stories and messages the novels portray. As findings this study foregrounds the healing powers of female bonding, which allows women to overcome prejudice and survive, to enjoy female empowerment, and to extend female friendship into female solidarity that participates in nation building. However, another conclusion focuses on the power of patriarchy which constitutes a threat to female bonding and usually causes women’s estrangement. INDEX WORDS: Women’s relationships, Female friendship, Female bonding, Sisterhood, Female solidarity, Female Empowerment
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Grekin, Emily M. "Blood from a Stone." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1338412191.
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Ericksen, Nicole. "Reveille and Retreat: A Middle Grade Novel." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu15960239133245.
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Sy, Kadidia. "Women's relationships female friendship in Toni Morrison's Sula and Love, Mariama Bâ's So long a letter and Sefi Atta's Everything good will come /." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04212008-135356/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.<br>Title from file title page. Renee Schatteman, committee chair; Chris Kocela, Margaret Harper, committee members. Electronic text (158 [i.e. 156] p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed 23 June 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-156).
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Liuzzo, Scorpo Antonella. "The idea of friendship in the literary, historical and legal works of Alfonso X of Castile (1252-1284)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/71655.
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This research project explores an area which had been touched only tangentially, being a comparative analysis of the idea and interpretations of friendship which emerge from the three vernacular collections attributed to the supervision of King Alfonso X of Castile (1252-1284): namely the Marian songs Cantigas de Santa María, the law code known as the Siete Partidas and the chronicle Estoria de España. These sources have been examined by adopting a thematic approach which has highlighted the existence of categories such as spiritual, religious and political friendships, as well as other forms of amicable relationships, including those between representatives of different religious, ethnic and social groups. Additionally, this study demonstrates that there was a conscious adoption of a specific lexicon of amicitia which contributed to reinforce either the opposition or the coincidence between friendship, companionship and counsellorship. Despite the undeniable inheritance of both classical eastern and western traditions, the works of the ‘Learned’ King present a peculiar idea of friendship which was deeply affected by contemporary historical contingencies and by the political and cultural projects of a sovereign who wanted to be regarded as a friend of his people, without denying, however, the unbridgeable gap which existed between different social groups. Interestingly, even if the Alfonsine works display a complicated range of relationships which envisage clear differences, they still outline a perfectly-balanced system within which the general and untouchable rules of friendship predominated, although in some cases certain variants were allowed in order to adapt such general requirements to contemporary social and political situations.
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Allen, Kerri Lynn Branham. "An Apology for Thomas Churchyard." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/43.
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Thomas Churchyard served his country as a soldier and a poet, and he was the only poet besides Edmund Spenser to earn a pension from Queen Elizabeth I. Churchyard maintained a very active literary career: he began publishing during the reign of King Edward VI and continued to do so through the first year of King James I’s reign. Churchyard uses his poetry as a mirror to reflect his preoccupation with the moral fabric of his society. In order to understand Churchyard’s didactic tendencies, readers must become familiar with his poem A Praise of Poetrie, for this poem explores his theory of poetry and the duty of poets to entertain and to teach their readers. He composes poems of different genres, such as the country house poem (the earliest known example of this genre in English), fable, fabliau, and friendship poems, to entertain his audience while he simultaneously teaches them the virtues of charity and temperance.
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Nordström, Jacobsson Monica. "Peter Pohls litterära projekt : en tematisk studie med utgångspunkt i debutromanen Janne, min vän." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1887.
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In his literary works, the Swedish author Peter Pohl (b. 1940) persistently deals with the issue of friendship which is described as a source of joy and consolation as well as a cause for difficulties and pain. Another common theme in his writing is vulnerability, especially that of children and adolescents, as he regards them as particularly exposed to violence and injustice. Pohl features the act of telling as an important instrument in the process of personal development on many different levels. Finally, his authorship shows that his purpose is to be a spokesman for those who cannot speak for themselves. These four topics which are visible in the main part of his production represent the most important aspects of Pohl's literary project which may be described as a desire to improve the conditions of less privileged groups of society. This thesis deals with the works by Pohl written between 1985 and 2007. In the first chapter, the author is presented. The second chapter is an analysis of his first novel Janne, min vän with a special focus on the above-mentioned themes. Chapter three deals with the novel Malins kung Gurra, a story for young readers that can be looked upon as second, but simpler version of Janne, min vän. In chapter four, the five novels Regnbågen har bara åtta färger, Medan regnbågen bleknar, Vi kallar honom Anna, Vilja växa and Klara papper är ett måste are analyzed and discussed. The last chapter is an attempt at dealing with the remaining books written by Pohl. The aim is to establish whether these works are compatible with the general picture given of Pohl’s literary project.
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Nagarajan, Neeraja. "Found Family: A Novel." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1586034750865844.
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Chamone, Aline Maria Macedo. "Um estudo sobre os saraus da periferia de São Paulo: espaços para \"aprender na amizade e na liberdade\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-21122016-110935/.
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Este trabalho buscou estabelecer relações possíveis entre a literatura e a formação, para isso, se debruçou em um estudo sobre os saraus da periferia de São Paulo. O tema da literatura marginal/periférica é trazido juntamente à noção da literatura como possibilidade de formação, ação social, sociabilidade e resistência. Autores como Candido e Larrosa auxiliaram na compreensão formativa da literatura e seu caráter humanizador. Martuccelli aparece como perspectiva teórica para o entendimento dos indivíduos latino-americanos, suas especificidades e relações com o movimento de literatura marginal/periférica. É apresentada uma discussão sobre a literatura marginal/periférica no cenário atual, bem como, um mapeamento dos saraus que acontecem na periferia da cidade. Foram realizadas entrevistas com escritores e escritoras desse movimento para entender suas trajetórias de formação por meio da literatura assim como o encontro com os saraus. Por fim, traz o sarau como um espaço formativo no qual é possível aprender na amizade e na liberdade.<br>This study aimed to establish possible links between literature and training, to this end, it leaned on the study of the saraus of the outskirts of São Paulo. The theme of marginal/peripheral literature is brought together with notion of literature as a possible training, social action, sociability and resistance. Authors like Candido and Larrosa assisted in the formative understanding of literature and its humanizing character. Martuccelli appears as a theoretical perspective for the understanding of Latin American individuals, their characteristics and relations with the movement of marginal/peripheral literature. A discussion of the marginal/peripheral literature is presented in the current scenario, as well as a mapping of saraus that take place on the outskirts of the city. Interviews with writers of this movement were conducted to understand their learning paths through literature as well as the meeting with the saraus. Finally, bringing the saraus as a formative space in which to learn in friendship and in freedom.
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Martins, Rebecca Miriã Ribeiro. "A amizade no "Satíricon", de Petrônio : o caso de Encólpio e Gitão /." São José do Rio Preto, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183390.
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Orientador: Cláudio Aquati<br>Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objeto de pesquisa uma obra da literatura latina, o Satíricon, de Petrônio. Dela, sob o viés da amizade, foi analisada, a dupla formada pelo protagonista Encólpio e seu inseparável (ou quase) amigo Gitão. O conceito de amizade foi estudado, por um lado, com base em Ética a Nicômaco, de Aristóteles, que faz uma valoração do conceito de philia, e De amicitia, obra na qual Cícero propõe parâmetros morais e éticos que deveriam estar presentes em uma relação entre amigos e, por outro, em obras nossas contemporâneas, como Genealogias da amizade, de Ortega (2002), e A amizade no mundo clássico, de Konstan (2005). Com base nessas, foi possível identificar e analisar, no Satíricon, o traço da amizade que se desenvolve na dupla composta por Encólpio e Gitão, sobretudo no sentido de tecer uma discussão a respeito do que leva as duas personagens a se relacionarem e atuarem juntas e os efeitos desse mesmo relacionamento para a construção desse romance antigo romano.<br>Abstract: This study focused on a Latin literary work, the led Satyricon, by Petronius. The friendship relation between Encolpius and Giton. The friendship concept was studied recurring to on the Nichomachean Ethics, by Aristotle, which considers the value of the philia concept, and on De Amicitia, work in which Cicero purposes ethics and moral parameters that should be present in a friendship. Contemporary studies, such as Genealogias da amizade, by Ortega Guerrero (2002), and Friendship in the Classical World, by Konstan (2005), were also used. It was possible to identify and analyze the friendship trace developed between Encolpius and Giton, mainly in the sense of approaching a discussion about what leads both characters to be and act together and the effects of this same relation for the construction of this ancient Roman novel.<br>Mestre
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Mitchell, Kaytlan E. "Learning to Swim by Almost Drowning." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1586801695009931.
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Gregersdotter, Katarina. "Watching women, falling women : Power and dialogue in three novels by Margaret Atwood." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Moderna språk, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-12676.
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This study examines the three novels Cat s Eye, The Robber Bride, and Alias Grace by Margaret Atwood. It focuses on the female characters and their relationships to each other: Their friendships are formed in a patriarchally structured environment and are therefore arenas for defending and controlling the norms of such a structure. The women continually watch each other and themselves, and through the power exercise of watching, femininity is constructed. Atwood describes acts of dialogic storytelling as a means to find options to gendered behavior.<br>digitalisering@umu
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Santiago, Mia B. "Risk Factors." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619120045259618.
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Bell, Inna A. "Building the New Rome: Charles Cameron as the Architect of Catherine the Great's New Eternal City." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3388.
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Catherine the Great, The Empress of Russia, considered herself to be an enlightened ruler. Like many enlightened minds of the eighteenth century, she was fascinated with classical antiquity, especially with ancient Rome. In 1779, she invited a Scottish architect named Charles Cameron to complete a series of building projects for her that would create a "second Rome" in Tsarskoye Selo and in Pavlovsk, Russia. Cameron, an expert on classical antiquity because of his studies of the Roman ruins and the publication of his book, The Baths of the Romans, had a special interest in and a dedication to classical antiquity, desiring to make Catherine's Rome as "authentic" as possible. Cameron's expertise was not the only reason why Catherine hired him and made him her imperial architect; Catherine was also fascinated with his background as a Scottish aristocrat and the leader of the Lochiel clan in exile. However, Cameron falsified his identity as a Highlander to make himself more attractive to Catherine; in addition, his own skill in creating an entirely new identity made him more qualified to produce a simulation of Rome that would seem real. Catherine's fascination with Cameron could also be explained by the fact that both Catherine and Cameron were foreigners trying to validate their presence in Russia through their identities. But regardless of Cameron's true identity, his wonderful buildings are great contributions to the eighteenth century neoclassicism.
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Rocha, Filho Ulysses. "Recorrências temáticas na poética de Inês Pedrosa: erotismo, amizade, memória e morte." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7423.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-03<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG<br>We have developed, in this work, a study of poetic lines of novels in the portuguese novelist Inês Pedrosa (1962). Recurrent approaches will be investigated, such as: the friendship, the memory, the eroticism and the death in their main novels: A Instrução dos Amantes (1992), Nas tuas Mãos (1997), Fazes-me Falta (2002), A Eternidade e o Desejo (2007) e Os Íntimos (2010). For both, we will depart for a systematic reflexive about friendship, time and memory to understand the ramifications originated from reports of multiple and diverse characters that are on the border of life/death. The hybrid narratives (TADIÉ, 1978) become, in this way, multiple or mirrored. Based on the premise of the constitution of the identity of the female (BATAILLE, 1980; PAZ, 2001), will be prioritized the elements of poetic tissues which divides the reminiscence and allow the presentation of works from the perspective of cultural studies of contemporaneity (BAUMAN, 2003, 2005-b, 2005-d; CEVASCO, 2003).<br>Desenvolvemos, neste trabalho, um estudo sobre linhas poéticas dos romances da escritora portuguesa Inês Pedrosa (1962). Enfoques recorrentes serão investigados, tais como: a amizade, a memória, o erotismo e a morte nos seus principais romances: A Instrução dos Amantes (1992), Nas tuas Mãos (1997), Fazes-me Falta (2002), A Eternidade e o Desejo (2007) e Os Íntimos (2010). Para tanto, partiremos de uma sistemática reflexiva sobre a amizade, o tempo e a memória para compreendermos os desdobramentos advindos de relatos múltiplos e diversificados de personagens que se encontram na fronteira da vida/morte. As narrativas híbridas (TADIÉ, 1978) tornam-se, dessa forma, múltiplas ou espelhadas. Partindo da premissa da constituição da identidade do feminino (BATAILLE, 1980; PAZ, 2001), serão priorizados os elementos dos tecidos poéticos que valorizem a reminiscência e permitem a apresentação das obras sob a ótica dos estudos culturais da contemporaneidade (BAUMAN, 2003, 2005-b, 2005-d; CEVASCO, 2003).
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Semmelmann, Cristina Casagrande de Figueiredo. "Em boa companhia: a amizade em O senhor dos Anéis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-17042017-105219/.
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Chama a atenção o fato de uma obra como O Senhor dos Anéis, de J. R. R. Tolkien, envolver não apenas um herói, mas muitos personagens com um objetivo comum: a destruição do Anel do Poder. Eles criam laços e revelam sentimentos que nós encontramos no dia a dia, na jornada de nossa vida: se tornam amigos. Este projeto busca analisar como a amizade na obra tolkieniana colabora para o desenvolvimento de seus personagens, bem como contribui para o sucesso de seu objetivo final. Para tanto, tomaremos como base teórica o livro Ética a Nicômaco de Aristóteles, obra que se propõe essencialmente a estudar a felicidade, ou seja, o bem último do homem (eudaimonía). Ao aniquilarem o Anel, os heróis da saga tolkieniana realizam seu grande desejo, e ocorre então o que Tolkien chama de eucatástrofe, o final feliz, essencial nas histórias de fada. Ainda no pensamento aristotélico, a amizade seria tanto um sintoma da felicidade do ser humano quanto uma necessidade para que ele alcance essa realização plena. Por conta de Tolkien ter o seu entendimento de imaginário baseado, entre outras questões, no pensamento religioso, buscaremos também apoio na teologia, especialmente na Suma Teológica de São Tomás de Aquino, enxergando, na amizade, uma relação direta com a caridade cristã. Por entendermos que, na contemporaneidade, a centralidade do livro dá espaço para outras produções artísticas, nos apoiaremos também nas adaptações fílmicas de O Senhor dos Anéis, dirigidas pelo neozelandês Peter Jackson. Tal análise comparativa visa trazer mais elementos para o estudo sobre a amizade na narrativa de Tolkien, visto que o homem contemporâneo, especialmente o jovem, se mostra, cada vez mais, apoiado no universo do audiovisual, muitas vezes partindo dele para o da literatura. Acreditamos que nosso projeto chega em boa hora, visto que tanto o livro quanto o filme em questão envolvem e fascinam seu público leitor e espectador, contribuindo para a formação de seu pensamento ético e de seu caráter, servindo de referência a muitas obras do gênero fantasia, em diversas plataformas.<br>It draws our attention the fact that a work like The Lord of The Rings, by J. R. R. Tolkien, involves not only a single hero, but many characters with a common goal: the destruction of the Ring of Power. They connect with each other and reveal feelings we find day by day in our lives journey: they become friends. This project aims, therefore, to analyze how friendship in the Tolkienian work collaborates for the characters development, as well as it contributes for the success of their final goal. To achieve this, we will take as theoretical basis the book Nicomachean Ethics, by Aristotle, a work that essentially proposes to study happiness, in other words, the ultimate purpose of man (eudaimonia). By annihilating the Ring, the Tolkienian saga heroes achieve their great desire, and what happens then is what Tolkien calls the happy ending, which is essential to fairy stories. Still within the Aristotelian line of thought, friendship would be both a symptom of a human beings happiness and a requirement to reach this full achievement. Since Tolkiens imaginary understanding is based on, among other issues, the religious mindset, we will take theology as support, especially Summa Theologica, by Thomas Aquinas, by seeing, in friendship, a direct association with the Christian charity. Since we understand that, in our present days, the centrality of the book allows other artistic productions, we will also base this study on The Lord of The Rings movie adaptations, directed by the New Zealander filmmaker Peter Jackson. Such comparative analysis aims to bring more elements to the study of friendship in Tolkiens narrative, since the contemporary man, especially the young one, shows an increasing interest in the audiovisual universe, often starting with it and then moving on to literature. We believe that this is a timely project, since both the book and the movies in question involve and fascinate their readers and spectators, contributing to the development of their ethical thinking and character, acting as a reference to many fantasy gender works, in many platforms.
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Widhagen, Anna-Karin. "Les thèmes de l’amitié et de la solidarité dans La vie devant soi de Romain Gary (Émile Ajar) et Kiffe, kiffe demain de Faïza Guène." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-35089.
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Dans ce mémoire, nous étudions comment les thèmes de l’amitié et de la solidarité sont représentés dans les romans La vie devant soi (1975) de Romain Gary (Émile Ajar) et Kiffe, kiffe demain (2004) de Faïza Guène. Dans la notion d’amitié, nous incluons également l’amour qui existe entre les membres d'une famille. Les récits se déroulent dans le cadre des quartiers populaires parisiens et les thèmes sont véhiculés par les auteurs à travers la voix d’un enfant/adolescent et à l’aide d’un style humoristique. Après notre analyse de ces thèmes, nous pouvons constater que la représentation de l’amitié consiste principalement en un amour entre une mère et un enfant ainsi que d’une amitié entre un enfant/adolescent et des personnes plus âgées. En ce qui concerne la solidarité, elle est surtout représentée par l’entraide parmi les voisins dans le quartier. Les résultats de la présente étude suggèrent qu’il y a plus de similitudes que de différences dans la représentation de ces thèmes. Les dissemblances sont principalement dues aux différentes époques où se déroulent les récits et les circonstances dans lesquelles se trouvent les personnages principaux.<br>This paper examines how the themes of friendship and solidarity are portrayed in the two novels The Life Before Us (1975) by Roman Gary (Émile Ajar) and Kiffe Kiffe Tomorrow (2004) by Faïza Guène. In the notion of friendship, this paper includes love that exists between family members. Within the context of working-class Parisian neighborhoods, the authors explore these themes through the narration of a child/teenager by using a humorous style. The results of the study indicate that the representation of friendship for the protagonists mainly consists of a love between a mother and a child and of a friendship between the child/teenager and an older individual. As far as solidarity is concerned, it is mainly represented by the mutual aid within the community among neighbors. The results of the present study suggest that there are more similarities than differences in the representation of the themes. The points of contrast generally relate to the particular era or setting in which the stories unfold and the particular set of circumstances experienced by the main characters.
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Khouzeimi, Sami. "L'Interaction épistolaire au XVIIIe siècle. Etude réalisée à partir de trois dialogues épistolaires : Etude réalisée à partir de trois dialogues épistolaires : Voltaire & Mme du Deffand, Jean-Jacques Rousseau & Malesherbes, Benjamin Constant & Isabelle de Charrière. Théorie et pratique de l'épistolaire au XVIIIe siècle." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965108.
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Notre travail décrit le processus de l'interaction épistolaire au XVIIIe siècle à travers l'étude des trois exemples de dialogues épistolaires, à savoir : Voltaire & Mme du Deffand, Rousseau & Malesherbes et enfin Benjamin Constant &Isabelle de Charrière. Nous comprenons par l'interaction épistolaire, le va-et-vient entre les deux correspondants, leur influence mutuelle, leurs échanges de rôles. La question principale qui se pose ici est la suivante : quel est l'intérêt, pour les deux correspondants, de cet échange épistolaire dans la durée? Dans quel objectif les deux épistoliers s'écrivent-ils l'un à l'autre ? Comment un dialogue épistolaire peut-il modifier l'image de l'autre, la structure et les dispositions morales ? Le XVIIIe siècle a connu en fait un foisonnement épistolaire grâce à l'épanouissement de la pensée philosophique et des Lumières. On avait le goût de l'échange épistolaire qui touche tous les sujets de la vie, surtout entreamis. Ainsi se construisent plusieurs commerces épistolaires, dont certains se développent en réseaux. Pour Voltaire et Madame Du Deffand, leur commerce épistolaire suit un rythme binaire, le plus souvent harmonieux, mais parfois" syncopé ", sous la forme d'un dialogue philosophique éblouissant jusqu'à la disparition de Voltaire. Dans ce dialogue,nous découvrons au fil des jours beaucoup d'idées et de thèmes qui nous informent excellemment sur toute une époque.La correspondance de Rousseau et de Malesherbes nous renseigne sur des détails infimes liés aux problèmes de la publication des oeuvres et à la censure, sans oublier le côté personnel de leur amitié, mais elle se fonde plutôt sur une sorte de désir de loyauté et une volonté de clairvoyance dans l'échange des secrets, caractéristiques essentielles desconfessions auxquelles Rousseau nous a habitués. Quant à Benjamin Constant et Isabelle de Charrière, leur dialogue,malgré leur écart d'âge, semble très intéressant dans son contenu. Si Constant se plaît à décrire à Isabelle de Charrière les circonstances de sa vie de façon filiale, un intérêt, une passion soutenue se fait jour dans cette correspondance.
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Bender, John Brett. "Lost tramps & cherry tigers." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/68/.
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Peteet, Julia Clare. "Andalusia." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07192006-143237/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.<br>Title from title screen. Jack Boozer, committee chair; Shirlene Holmes, Marian Meyers, committee members. Electronic text (138 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 19, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-30).
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Bureaux, Guillaume. "Union et désunion de la noblesse en parade. Le rôle des Pas d'armes dans l'entretien des rivalités chevaleresques entre cours princières occidentales, XVe-XVIe siècles (Anjou, Bourgogne, France, Saint-Empire)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR142/document.
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Apparus en 1428 en Espagne, le Pas d’armes est un parfait exemple de l’indéniable intérêt porté par la noblesse, de la fin du Moyen Âge et du début de la Renaissance, aux arts martiaux, littéraires et théâtraux. Il s’agit, en réalité, d’une évolution de la joute et du tournoi au cours duquel un ou plusieurs chevaliers est volontaire pour garder un carrefour, une porte ou tout autre lieux symbolique. Pour différencier ces exercices des joutes, les organisateurs publient des chapitres, ou lettres d’armes, plusieurs mois en avance. Ils sont souvent constitués de deux parties, la première venant placer les chevaliers assaillants et défenseurs dans un univers magique et fantastique, le seconde présentant les règles du jeu. Notons également que la majeure partie des Pas plonge les chevaliers dans un monde fictionnel, en particulier inspire de la légende arthurienne, grâce aux chapitres, aux décors et, naturellement, aux costumes. Témoignages des contacts transculturels existent entre les cours d’Anjou et de Bourgogne avec celles d’Espagne, les Pas d’armes sont organisés à des moments décisifs pour les cours, qu’il s’agisse de mariages, de traités de paix ou d’un temps d’après-guerre ; et tous remplissent un rôle commun : mettre en lumière l’unité chevaleresque autour du Prince et de son pouvoir. Invariablement, c’est le Prince qui sort vainqueur des événements qui ont lieux au sein de sa cour. Il s’agit essentiellement pour le prince de mettre en scène son pouvoir dans ce « jeu-mimique » où l’important n’est pas tant le combat que le spectacle et la mise en lumière du pouvoir princier, tant culturel, financier que militaire<br>Appearing in 1428 in Spain, the Pas d’Armes are a real example of the undeniable interest held by the nobility of the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance in the arts of warfare, in literature, and theater. It is in reality an evolution of the joust and tournament in which one or several knights volunteer to keep a crossroad, a door or another symbolic place. To differ from the joust, the organizers publish chapters, or letters of weapons, several months in advance. They consisted of two parts, the first one coming to place the knights defenders and aggressors in a magic and fantastic universe, the second containing rules to be followed. It is also necessary to note that the great majority of Pas place the knights in a fictional world, in particular regarding Arthurian legend, by means of chapters, present scenery around the lists and, naturally, costumes. Testimonies of transcultural contacts between the Valois ‘courts of Anjou and Burgundy and Spanish courts, the Pas d’armes are organized at courtly decisive moments like marriages, treaties of peace or just after a war, all the Pas d’armes had a common role : to highlight the unity of knighthood around the Prince and his power. On each occasion is the Prince who emerges victorious from all the entertainment organized at his court. Essentially, it is a way for the prince to dramatize his power in this “game – mimicry” where the important thing was not so much the fighting but the scenery and the highlighting of cultural, financial and military power of the court
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Fletcher, Steven Quin. "The future of friendship in literature /." 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9708555.
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Farley, Jamie Elizabeth. "A Costly Toll for Friendship: Material Rhetoric and the Oak Ridge International Friendship Bell." 2007. http://etd.utk.edu/2007/Theses/FarleyJamie.pdf.
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