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Hammond, Gregory David. "The Relationship Between Job Attitudes and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Attitude Strength." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1204922530.
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Waris, Robert George Portwood Sharon G. "An examination of organizational culture, employee attitudes, and organizational citizenship behaviors a path analysis approach /." Diss., UMK access, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Psychology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005."A dissertation in psychology." Advisor: Sharon Portwood. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed June 27, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-102). Online version of the print edition.
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Komodromou, Janell. "Work-life balance benefits : employee attitudes and behaviors through the lens of social exchange theory." Thesis, Aston University, 2013. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/20857/.
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The question of what to provide employees in order that they reciprocate with desirable behaviors in the work place has resulted in a great amount of work in the area of social exchange. Although offering fair compensation, including salary or wages and employee benefits, has been extensively studied, the effects of offering specific types of benefits, such as work-life balance benefits, and the intangible rewards that such an offering inadvertently offers, has only been minimally explored. Utilizing past literature, this current research examined the offering of work-life balance benefits, the value employees place on those benefits, the communication of the benefits by the organization to employees, and their effect on employee attitudes and behaviors. The goal was to identify the effect on desirable outcomes when work-life balance benefits are offered to determine the usefulness to the organization of offering such benefits. To test these effects, a study of an organization known to offer a strong work-life balance benefits package was undertaken. This was accomplished through the distribution of questionnaires to identify the possible relationships involving 408 employee respondents and their 79 supervisors. This was followed with interviews of 12 individuals to ascertain the true reasons for links observed through analysis. Analysis of the data was accomplished through correlation analysis, multilevel analysis and regression analysis generated by SPSS. The results of the quantitative analysis showed support for a relationship between the offering of work-life balance benefits and perceived organizational support, perceived distributive justice, job satisfaction and OCBO. The analysis also showed a lack of support for a relationship between the offering of work-life balance benefits and organizational commitment, OCBI and IRB. The interviews offered possible reasons for the lack of support regarding the relationship between the offering of work-life balance benefits and organizational commitment as well as organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBI and IRB). The implications of these findings on future research, theory and practice in the offering of work-life balance benefits are discussed.
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Thompson, David J. "A study of the demographics, health behaviors, health beliefs, and motivation to exercise of participants of a corporate fitness program." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917046.
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The Purpose of this study was to compare the demographic characteristics, health behaviors, health beliefs, and motivation to exercise of participants and people intending to participate in a corporate fitness program with those of non-participants and people not intending to participate. Six hundred employees of Lands' End, Inc. were randomly selected and mailed a questionnaire. A total of 307 employees returned the questionnaires for analysis. Raw scores were calculated and graphed for all data of this study. The Hypotheses were then tested with a Chi-square analysis. Significant differences were found between participants and non-participants as well as between those intending to participate and those not intending to participate. Demographic characteristics proved to be of little importance as only job classification showed any difference. However, participants appeared to be slightly healthier as they had fewer sick days and visited the physician less often. Participants believed that physical activity led to good health and always used that as motivation to exercise more regularly than non-participants. Participants also used fun, self-discipline, and body attractiveness as motivation to exercise. However, even though the participants appeared to be healthier than non-participants, the development of the Activity Center led to an increase in their exercise level. Employees who indicated that they intended to participate in the next six months were most likely to be salaried and believed that eating nutritious was important for their health. Those intending to participate also listed health and fitness and fun as motivation to exercise more than those people not intending to participate. Further study is suggested.Fisher Institute for Wellness
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Sim, Stacy. "Does self-other agreement on upward feedback impact employee attitudes and outcomes? A response surface methodology examination." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1530895021185697.
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Woo, Boyun. "Cultural Effects on Work Attitudes and Behaviors: The Case of American and Korean Fitness Employees." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1241612067.
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Sanchez, Rudolph Joseph. "The Role of Trust, Leader-Member Exchange, and Organizational Justice in Employee Attitudes and Behaviors: A Laboratory and Field Investigation." PDXScholar, 2002. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3728.
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The study of interpersonal relationships continues to be a major focus of theory and research in a wide array of disciplines. The present research examined one of the most prevalent and significant interpersonal relationships in the workplace context—the dyadic relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate. This research examined the relationships between trust, quality of the leader-member exchange relationship (LMX; a measure of the quality of the dyadic relationship), perceived organizational justice, and several employee attitudes and behaviors that are important to individual workers and the organizations in which they work.
Data were collected in both laboratory and field settings. The laboratory setting allowed for the manipulation of organizational justice, which permitted inferences regarding the causal effects of organizational justice on the relationships between trust and LMX and the outcome variables examined. The field setting allowed for the testing of the hypothesized relationships in a “real world” environment in which external contextual factors (e.g., industry and organizational differences) were naturally controlled.
Two-hundred and twenty-three currently employed undergraduate students participated in the laboratory study. In the field study, data were collected in a Fortune 500 company from 113 subordinates and their supervisors. Results from both studies indicated that perceptions of trust in one's supervisor were strongly related to LMX. Importantly, in the field study, quality of the dyadic relationship was modeled as an emergent property of the perceptions of both subordinates and supervisors. Perceptions of LMX were related to a sense of overall fairness, which was jointly determined by procedural and distributive justice. Perceptions of overall fairness were related to job satisfaction, intention to quit, organizational commitment, in-role job performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational retaliatory behaviors. Additionally, results of the laboratory study indicated that established perceptions of trust in one's supervisor and LMX were adversely affected by violations of either procedural or distributive justice. This adverse effect was greatest when both procedural and distributive justice were low. The theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed.
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Herdman, Andrew Orr. "Explaining the Relationship Between the HR System and Firm Performance: a Test of the Strategic HRM Framework." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26009.
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Recent meta-analytic treatments of the Strategic Human Resource Management literature suggest a relationship between the adoption of â high-commitmentâ HR practices and organization level performance outcomes (Combs, Lui, Hall & Ketchen, 2006). However, there is considerable variability in the manner in which the HR system construct is conceptualized and measured (Arthur & Boyles, 2007; Delaney & Huselid, 1996). Further, relative little attention has been given to how these systems of HR practices operate to influence organizational outcomes (Ostroff & Bowen, 2000). Drawing on the extant SHRM literature, the present study attempts to lend clarity to these issues by specifying and assessing a number of unique measures of the HR system. Several attitudinal, motivation and behavioral employee outcomes are also identified and assessed as possible mediators between the HR system measures and organizational outcomes. An integrated model proposing relationships both among these measures and their effects on various organizational outcomes is offered and tested.
Data obtained from 202 hotel locations provided mixed support for the proposed model of relationships. However, results generally support the relationships between measures of the HR System and important organizational outcomes. Findings also reinforce the utility of expanding the measurement of the HR system beyond the formally established HR programs, the need to better understand intra-organizational variability in HR systems along functional lines and the challenges and opportunities inherent in multi-respondent designs. Finally, the failure to demonstrate the mediating role of the specified human capital characteristics in HRâ s relationship with firm performance presents a continued challenge to future research to effectively model this relationship.Ph. D.
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Crain, Tori Laurelle. "The Crossover Effects of Supervisor Work-Family Positive Spillover on Employee Sleep Deficiency: Moderating Effects of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB)." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/895.
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The majority of literature on the work-family interface has focused on, and provided evidence of, the conflict associated with engagement in both work and family roles (Eby, Casper, Lockwood, Bordeaux, & Brinley, 2005). Research examining the positive aspects of work and family participation remains limited. The current study investigated how work-family positive spillover is transferred between members of the supervisor-employee dyad and subsequently how this affects employee sleep outcomes. It was hypothesized that work-to-family affective positive spillover experienced by supervisors would crossover to employees and increase their experiences of work-to-family affective positive spillover. In turn, this would allow for better employee sleep. It was also proposed that these relationships would depend on the level of employee perceptions of family-supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB), such that higher levels of FSSB would result in higher levels of employee positive spillover and better employee sleep. As part of a larger study, survey data were collected in a sample of 696 workers supervised by 180 managers in the information technology sector. Contrary to expectations, results indicated that supervisor positive spillover was negatively related to employee positive spillover. Furthermore, FSSB moderated the association between supervisor positive spillover and employee sleep duration, such that the relationship between supervisor positive spillover and employee sleep duration was positive under high levels of FSSB, but negative under low levels of FSSB. Again, this finding was contrary to expectations. Alternative explanations are discussed.
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Chan, Alison Suk Kuen. "To take or not to take the risk? Toward a greater understanding of employees' cognitive decision process in change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/573.
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The importance of leadership style and the organizational citizenship behavior have been recognized in many research studies. However, the influence of empowering leadership on employee's change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and employees' cognitive mechanism to engage in such behavior have received little attention. Drawing on social cognitive theory, the present study explores the effects of empowering leadership on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior directly and indirectly through employees' willingness to take risk. The study also examines the boundary conditions that employees would make the decision to engage in such behavior with the effects of two moderators - regulatory focus and perceived organizational support.;A nested data model of empowering leadership, willingness to take risk, regulatory focus, perceived organizational support and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior were tested using a 3-wave sample of 173 matched dyad relationships from nine financial institutions in Hong Kong. The research model rests with individual-level as unit of analysis while controlling the variances from the teams using hierarchical linear modeling. The results show that willingness to take risk can partially mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, promotion focus, prevention focus and perceived organizational support can moderate the relationship between empowering leadership and willingness to take risk when they are of low level while promotion focus and willingness to take risk are proved to be predictors of change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Implications from the findings for future research and management practice will be discussed.
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Kotze, F. E. (Francina Elizabeth). "An investigation into the internal structure underlying the organisational diagnostic questionnaire (ODQ)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20903.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the internal structure that underlies the ODQ. A structural model that explicates the nature of the causal linkages between the six main constructs comprising the ODQ was developed and tested. Data obtained from 273 employees in a chrome manufacturing plant was used. This research found that the proposed model offers a plausible account of the influences that exist between the six main constructs. The benefit of this structural model will be in the enhanced interpretation of the diagnostic results derived from the ODQ.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie stel ondersoek in na die interne struktuur wat onderliggend is aan die Organisasie Diagnostiese Vraelys (ODV). ‘n Strukturele model wat die onderliggende kousale verhoudings van die ses hoofkonstrukte van die ODV blootlê, is ontwikkel en getoets. Data van 273 werknemers, verbonde aan ‘n chroom vervaardigingsaanleg, is gebruik. Die navorsing toon dat die voorgestelde model ‘n aanneemlike weergawe is van die onderliggende verhoudings wat tussen die ses hoofkonstrukte bestaan. Die voordeel van die voorgestelde model lê daarin dat dit die interpretasie van resultate, wat uit die diagnose verkry is, kan verbeter.
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Zobal, Cheryl. "Employee Engagement: The Impact of Spiritual, Mental, Emotional and Physical Elements on the Relationship Between Employee Engagement and Behavioral Outcomes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799489/.
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Data were collected by an external company for a healthcare service firm interested in learning the job-related attitudes of their employees. Thus, archival data from 1,287 employees were collected for a different purpose. The survey consisted of 117 questions covering a broad range of constructs. Consequently, the items were used to derive effective measures of employee engagement and behavioral outcomes, as well as the emotional, mental, spiritual and physical dimensions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis procedures were used to create scales reflecting these four factors. Interestingly, six scales emerged, logically linking to and further specifying the initial dimensions. These were Organizational Linkage, Manager Relationship, Job Fit, Job Clarity, Work Pressure, and Meaningful Work. To test the hypotheses, six separate regression equations were calculated, which statistically supported modification by each of the dimensions. However, statistical significance of the interactions resulted from having a large sample, given the actual association was too small to be meaningful (e.g., a contribution of 0.6% of the variance). As each of the dimensions had a main effect on the behavioral measure during hypothesis testing, exploratory regression equations were calculated to further understand the interrelationships. Of most interest was finding that in the presence of Engagement, the main effects of only Organizational Linkage and Job Fit reached significance. However, when Engagement was not included, four of the six dimensions made a significant contribution to Behavioral Outcomes. Overall, there was support for previous conceptualizations. From the scientist-practitioner perspective, the six factors identified in this study may be more useful than the four initially proposed. The distinctions give practitioners additional information to use in interventions to improve employee behavior and retention.
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Saunders, John. "An assessment of the relationship between organisational climate and organisational commitment within the IT department of a telecommunications company." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003849.
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The main objective of this study was to assess the relationship between organisational climate and organisational commitment within the Information Technology department of a South African Telecommunications company. Firstly, the research considered the organisational climate from a qualitative perspective. Research interviews that were based on organisational climate literature were performed with 4 members of the relevant department. Qualitative data analysis revealed several themes. The themes highlighted include: perceived ineffective structure and decision-making; lack of mistake tolerance; risk aversion by employees; recognition and reward systems perceived to be inadequate; performance management is perceived to be ineffective and inadequate; Employee Share Options Program (ESOP) perceived to have a negative influence on employee behaviours; the nature of the social environment perceived to be unfriendly; low level of knowledge and skills sharing; inadequate human resource management practices; These findings highlight the importance of certain aspects within the environment that influence employee perceptions. Organisational climate literature suggests that organisational climate has various behavioral influences and its consideration is essential in the effective functioning of the organisation. Secondly, the research considered the relationship between organisational climate and organisational commitment within the relevant department. The Patterson et al. (2005) Organisational Climate Measure (OCM®) and Meyer and Allen (1991) Organisational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) were used to assess the relationship between organisational climate and organisational commitment, respectively. Significant correlations were found between integration, pressure to produce, innovation, supervisory support, reflexivity, clarity, involvement, autonomy, welfare and tradition, and both affective and normative commitment, Training was only significantly correlated to affective commitment. No significant correlations were found with continuance commitment.
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Innocenti, Laura. "Employees at centre-stage : the impact of human resource practices on employee work experiences, attitudes and behaviour." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/employees-at-centrestage--the-impact-of-human-resource-practices-on-employee-work-experiences-attitudes-and-behaviour(64f7c81c-a37f-4e05-9e22-74ba747376b6).html.
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Chiboiwa, Malvern Waini. "The relationship between job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour among selected organisations in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/30.
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Contemporary human resources management suggests that organisations which have been able to make it in the business arena have done so through good people management practices. Job satisfaction, through a people centered approach, has not been spared as one of the critical forces used in achieving organisational effectiveness. Traditional thought behind job satisfaction prescribes that satisfied employees tend to be more productive, creative and committed to their jobs; all of which are imperative to ii achieving an organisation’s bottom line. There has been some controversy surrounding the nature of the relationship between job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour, which is another factor that is regarded as important in achieving organisational effectiveness. Some studies have shown that organisational citizenship behavior is a result of job satisfaction. In this regard, the present study focuses on the extent to which job satisfaction influences organisational citizenship behaviour among selected organizations in Zimbabwe. The study hypothesised that job satisfaction correlates positively with organisational citizenship behaviour. Participants in the study comprise of middle level management, supervisors and lower level employees. Two questionnaires were combined to collect data for the study. The Minnesota Satisfaction questionnaire was used to collect data on job satisfaction whilst a questionnaire by Konovsky and Organ (1996:253) was used to collect data on organisational citizenship behaviour. The results show that employees in the organisations surveyed report moderate levels of job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. It was established that there was a substantive correlation between job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour.
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McConville, David. "Employee interpretations of employee share ownership and its impact : the role of psychological ownership." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9785.
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This interpretive study explores the effect of employee share ownership (ESO) plans (SIP, EMI and SAYE) on employee attitudes and behaviours at work by taking into account the role of Psychological Ownership (PO), characterised by feelings of "mine" and "ours". The key concepts and relationships specified in positivist causal models of ESO and PO were translated into a set of interview questions and were used to explore with 37 ESO plan participants and 9 ESO plan managers whether the causal models fit with the way they explain for themselves their experiences of and reactions to employee share ownership. In doing this, the study has responded to suggestions made in the research literature to compare the attitudinal effects of different types of employee ownership, avoid the manipulation of large, readily available data sets, and to provide insights into the causal processes surrounding ESO. Overall, three main themes can be identified from employees responses, which appeared to have some influence on whether or not the share plan was felt to have an impact. First, employees interest in making money, and expectations of whether they would, played a large part in their explanations of ESO s impact. A number of employees felt the share plan helped retain them in the organisation. However, this did not appear to be because the plan was making then more committed, in the sense that they would feel more emotionally attached, or a greater sense of identification with the company. Instead, the plan was retaining employees by causing them to make an assessment of the costs associated with leaving (continuance commitment). Second, many of the ESO outcomes featured in the academic literature were already felt to be experienced by employees at work and ESO was felt to only be able to add in a small way to what was already being experienced. Finally, in some situations ESO represented something quite meaningful to employees. ESO was sometimes interpreted as being a sign that the company valued employees, wanted them to feel part of the company, or that the employees were important to the company. The offer to participate in ESO was interpreted in some cases as being an acknowledgement of hard work, and an indication of how the company wanted employees to feel. This was found to enhance ESO s capacity to impact how employees felt at work. However, with regards to most outcomes explored in this study, employees reported little or no impact from ESO. Findings suggested that the ESO plans, even when they were felt to lead to feelings of PO, provided little incentive to work harder. PO was also found to play little or no part in employees explanations of how share plans had an impact or why they did not. Employees felt they had a long wait before making a financial return and no tangible day to day benefits of ESO. This led the plans, and the potential gains that could be made, to be perceived as very long term, and easily forgotten. Finally, this study highlights a mismatch between the causal models of ESO and PO, the conventional wisdom of ESO, the views of the ESO managers, and the interpretations of the employees who were interviewed and raises the question of whether ESO achieves what it is intended (and often believed) to achieve.
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Kay, Patricia J. "The non-economic impacts of pay equity adjustments, employee attitudes and behaviours." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0019/NQ45724.pdf.
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Barrass, Deon Brian. "The relationship between authentic leadership, cultural intelligence and employee behaviour." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020336.
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Employee performance is a constant concern for any manager in a company or organisation. Managers have the unenviable task of balancing the meeting of organisational targets through the resources at their disposal. They must also manage their own responsibilities and personal targets which could be different to targets of the employees. These differences could create divergent priorities and affect the manager-employee relationship. Managers, in an effort to create a healthy work environment, need to show leadership qualities that encourage cooperation from their employees. These qualities must enable employees to form trustworthy relationships with their colleagues and the organisation thereby encouraging employee engagement and improved performance. A specific leadership quality that can create this type of positive and productive environment is authenticity. Authentic leadership can engender employee trust and organisational commitment and improve performance. Authentic leadership encourages improved relationships in the organisational environment by allowing employees and managers to communicate effectively. This encourages understanding of individual and organisational limitations in a non-threatening manner. Cultural intelligence is another quality that can enhance the employee manager relationship and affect the organisational climate. In South Africa’s culturally diverse environment managers from various cultural backgrounds will need to form healthy working relationships with employees and colleagues to encourage cooperation. These challenges and opportunities form the basis for this research study in the hope of informing managers of the relevance of the research topic and encouraging a change of behaviour and further study within the South African work environment.
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Twalo, Thembinkosi Gladden. "Appropriateness of municipal workers' job behaviour and performance at the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020997.
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The Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) has been experiencing inappropriate job behaviour and performance from some of its workers. These inappropriate practices have been widely reported in the media, audit reports, parliamentary discussions, reports to parliament, municipal reports, and departmental reports. They include misappropriation of municipal resources, maladministration, mismanagement, lack of service delivery, fraud, and corruption. Since many BCMM workers have various levels of formal education, such practices are not expected, because the structural-functionalist assumption is that formal education is a solution to societal challenges. At the BCMM, however, formal education seemed to also serve a different purpose, that of realising the principle that says “[k]now the rules well, so you can break them effectively” (Dalai Lama 2013, 2). This study therefore hypothesises that the perpetual inappropriate job behaviour and performance at the BCMM is due to the paucity of broad skills. The concept of broad skills includes the various dimensions of knowledge (know that, know why, know how) as well as attitudes, ethics and values. Inappropriate job behaviour and performance practices thus indicate that current levels of broad skills are insufficient. This study acknowledges that labour (ability to work) is a product of multifarious forms of capital, hence this study amalgamates four forms of capital - human capital, social capital, cultural capital, and reputation capital – into a theoretical framework in order to get a broader explanation of the workers’ job behaviour and performance. The various forms of capital contribute to the formation of skill, hence the notion of broad skills. How workers discharge their responsibilities is determined by numerous factors such as cultural capital (the workers’ family background, race, ethnicity, personality, and geographical area) (Bourdieu 1977); reputation capital (the workers’ brand, public perceptions of trustworthiness, popularity, authority in the field, ethics, integrity and reputation) (Ingbretsen 2011); social capital (the workers’ social development, social relations, and social networks) (Blackmore 1997); and human capital (schooling) (Becker 1964). The value of adopting the broad skills approach lies in gaining a broader perspective on job performance as opposed to the dominant use of the human capital model alone which predominantly uses schooling to explain job performance. In practice, the human capital model is characterised by its association of job performance problems with lack of skills. However, investigation of the role of attitudes, ethics and values in the labour process reveals that the lack of will also contributes to job performance problems. In fact, the adoption of multiple perspectives for investigating the paradoxical co-existence of inappropriate job behaviour and performance with formal education reveals several factors that make this phenomenon possible, besides lack of skills. These include the job environment, ineffective performance management systems, compromised municipal effectiveness and efficiency due to the politicisation of municipal management, and manipulation of the labour process to suit the interests of the workers who want to engage in inappropriate practices.
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Koenig, Nick. "Employee Engagement, Job Attitudes, and Work Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Test of the Incremental Validity of Employee Engagement." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5800.
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Although the commercially-popular construct of employee engagement has gained attention in scholarly work in recent years, several questions about the construct remain unresolved. In the current paper, I addressed several issues with previous engagement research by (a) meta-analyzing the relationship between employee engagement, task performance, contextual performance, absenteeism, and turnover, (b) using these meta-analytic estimates to fit a series of models in which engagement predicts both specific and broadly-defined work behaviors, and (c) estimating the unique predictive validity of engagement above and beyond job attitudes. Several regression equations and structural equation models were tested using a combination of previous meta-analytic correlations (k = 95) and original meta-analytic correlations (k = 12). Results of the study found that engagement does offer unique incremental validity over several work-related behaviors (task performance, ΔR2 = .037; contextual performance, ΔR2 = .025; turnover, ΔR2 = .083), however this incremental validity has been over-stated in previous research. Results also found that the A-factor (higher order attitudinal construct) is strongly related to behavioral engagement (higher order behavioral construct) (Γ = .62) suggesting that when attitudes and behaviors are examined on the same level of specificity there is a strong predictive relationship between the two. These results suggest that although engagement may not be as unique as previous research has implied it does offer utility in the sense that it acts as a proxy for the A-factor.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Psychology
Sciences
Psychology; Industrial and Organizational
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Koo, Leung-chee, and 顧良智. "Determinants of employee-organization linkage behaviours: a longitudinal case study of tellers in Hongkong Bank." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31233600.
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Hoell, Robert Craig. "Determinants of Union Member Attitudes Towards Employee Involvement Programs." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30741.
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This study investigates the role social information and personal dispositions play in the development of attitudes of unionized employees towards employee involvement programs. A theoretical model was developed in order to understand how social information and dispositions form union member attitudes towards employee involvement programs. This was designed from models of employee involvement and attitude formation.
Data were collected from employees at electrical power generation facilities. Measures of organizational and union commitment, locus of control, participativeness, social information provided by the company, social information provided by the union, and employee involvement attitudes were gathered through a survey distributed at the facilities. General affect and satisfaction towards four types of employee involvement programs union members are most likely to encounter were measured.
Specific hypotheses were developed in order to test and analyze parts of the theoretical model. While the results were at times contrary to the hypothesized relationships within the model, the data fit with the theorized model well enough to provide support for it. This model effectively demonstrated how employee involvement attitudes are formed from such data, and the relationships between the variables measured.Ph. D.
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Lyons, Sherrice Olithia. "The Effects of Cultural Dissimilarity on Employee Job Attitudes and Productivity." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5371.
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Organizations in Jamaica have been impacted by globalization and the opportunities and challenges of cultural incompatibilities. Most previous studies on cultural incompatibilities have focused on the impact on expatriates leaving a gap in the literature with respect to the implications for host country nationals, and specifically Jamaicans. This quantitative study focused on employees of 2 companies in Jamaica, an energy company and a hospitality company. It examined cultural dissimilarity with respect to host country nationals and expatriates, and its effect on the productivity, job satisfaction, affective commitment, and normative commitment of these employees (N = 110). In addition to the above variables, the study also identified the role that gender, age, and tenure played in these relationships. Diversity theory, social exchange theory, homophily, and repulsion hypothesis formed the theoretical framework for this study, and multiple regression and correlation were utilized in the analysis of the data collected. The results of the study indicated correlation and predictive relationships between/among: culture and job satisfaction; age, gender, and experience in relation to job satisfaction; age, gender, and experience in relation to affective commitment; and culture, age, gender, and experience in relation to affective commitment. Social change implications for this study include the development of country-specific culture awareness training programs for both host country nationals and expatriates. It is further expected that the findings of this study will increase knowledge on the subject and help in the development of human resource management policies and procedures. These policies should aid in improved job attitudes and productivity for host country nationals.
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Curry, Ryan Lee. "Effects of ethical congruence on person-organization fit and employee attitudes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1899.
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By differentiating between the definitions of values and ethics, as well as contrasting value congruence with ethical congruence, this research aims to gain a greater understanding of person-organization fit.
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Bourne, Winifred Elaine. "Job related attitudes and behaviors in a temporary staffing agency a comparison of permanent and contingent employees /." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000031.
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Dul, Anna, and Johanna Velin. "How Do Leadership Behaviours Affect Employee Attitudes Towards Sustainability? A case study on IT consultancy Cybercom." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23091.
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While managers increasingly see the importance of corporate social responsibility, incorporating it in the business often fails (Keys et al., 2009). Organizational sustainability performance can improve if employees have positive attitudes towards sustainability (Wang et al., 2011). This thesis aims to explore how different leadership behaviours in case company Cybercom have influenced the attitudes of its employees. New analytical tools are developed for analysing the data collected through interviews with employees at Cybercom. The findings indicate several connections between the leadership behaviours studied, and the attitudinal components. One main finding was that all four leadership behaviours in Cybercom had, to a certain extent, led to the affective outcome of feeling that sustainability was more important, the cognitive outcome of learning about the business perspective of sustainability, and the behavioural outcome of communicating more or differently about sustainability. It is concluded that Cybercom has helped shape its employees’ attitudes through various factors such as employee training, leaders acting as role models and motivators, written materials and workshops.The theoretical contributions of this paper consist of new knowledge in the field of leadership shaping employee attitudes, as well as new analytical tools. The practical contributions of this paper are managerial implications for Cybercom.
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Glushko, Anna. "The Challenge of Sorting Lentils from the Ashes in Employee Selection| Overt Integrity Testing and Organizational Attitudes." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10273876.
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Research suggests that integrity is crucial to numerous aspects of the workplace. It plays a major role in influencing employee organizational attitudes and consequent behaviors, and as a result many companies implement integrity testing in their selection practices (Van Iddekinge et al., 2012). However, few researchers have examined the relationship between using integrity testing for selection and resulting applicants’ attitudes. This study explored applicants’ reactions to overt integrity testing. A combination of correlational and mediational analyses were applied. Results from 422 participants who completed Substance abuse, Production loss, and Interpersonal Problems (SPI) Inventory Integrity Survey revealed that perceived procedural justice negatively correlated with perceived privacy invasion and perceived job relevance and positively correlated with outcome favorability (being informed of passing the overt integrity test) and organizational attraction. Contrary to study’s expectations, no statistically significant correlation was found between perceived procedural justice and privacy concern, and there was a negative significant correlation between perceived procedural justice and perceived job relevance, the relationship between outcome favorability and perceived procedural justice was not mediated by perceived test relevance. This study provides relevant meaningful contributions to research literature in the fields of Industrial-Organizational Psychology, Human Relations, Management, and Business.
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Toro, Brenda. "Food safety knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of restaurants employees in San Juan, Puerto Rico /." Search for this dissertation online, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
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Farooq, Mariam. "Exploring a bi-directional relationship between corporate social responsibility and employees' attitudes and behaviors." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1063.
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Le principal objectif de cette thèse est d'examiner la relation réciproque entre la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise (RSE) et les attitudes et les comportements des employés. Premièrement, la thèse explore les mécanismes sous-jacents alternatifs à travers lesquels la RSE affecte les employés et fait la classification des employés dans les groupes homogènes en se basant sur leur utilisation de ces différents mécanismes. Deuxièmement, elle identifie les conditions limites dans lesquelles la RSE influence de façon optimale les attitudes et les comportements des employés. Enfin, la thèse examine l'influence réciproque des employés sur la stratégie RSE de la firme et explore les pratiques des ressources humaines qui permettent à l'entreprise d'améliorer sa RSE. Afin d'atteindre ces objectifs, les trois études empiriques ont été mené dans l'Aise du Sud. Les données ont été collectées par une suite d'enquêtes avec les employés en utilisant le design de décalage dans le temps. Les résultats montrent que la RSE a un impact positif sur les attitudes et les comportements des employés à travers de multiples mécanismes. Les résultats suggèrent l'hétérogénéité parmi les employés dans leur utilisation de ces mécanismes et mettent en évidence la classification des employés en fonction de leurs orientations personnelles et valeurs culturelles individuelles afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène. En utilisant les données de panel à trois reprises, il a été démontré également que les employés influencent la stratégie RSE. Cependant, cela dépends de leur niveau de participation dans le processus de décision et du degré de leur identification avec leur organisationThe main objective of this dissertation is to examine the reciprocal relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employees' attitudes and behaviors. Firstly, it explores the underpinning alternative mechanisms through which CSR affects employees and classifies the employees into homogenous groups on the basis of their use of these differential mechanisms. Secondly, it identifies the boundary conditions in which CSR optimally influences the employees' attitudes and behaviors. Finally, the dissertation investigates the reciprocal influence of employees on the CSR strategy of the firm and explores the human resource practices that facilitate the firm to improve its CSR. To achieve these objectives, three empirical studies were conducted in South Asia. Data were collected in a series of employee surveys with using time lag design. The results show that CSR has a positive impact on employees' attitudes and behaviors through multiple mechanisms. Findings suggest the heterogeneity among employees in their use of these mechanisms and emphasize the classification of employees depending upon their personal orientations and individual cultural values to better understand this phenomenon. Using three wave penal data, it was also found that employees influence the CSR strategy of the firm. However, it depends upon the level of their participation in decision making and extent of their identification with their organization
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Hammond, Gregory D. "Turnover Reasons and Employee Attitudes: Examining Linkages within the Framework of Behavioral Reasoning Theory." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1313610773.
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Silva, Ana Isabel Loureiro de Sousa Virgolino. "Perceptions of organizational justice: its effects on the attitudes and behaviours of employees." Doctoral thesis, [do autor], 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/88706.
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The perception of organisational justice is dominant in people’s lives and organisations as well as being a predictor of workers and organisations’ success. Indeed, the relevant attitudes and behaviours at work depend, essentially, on judgments about organisational fairness or unfairness. In this study, we will seek to better understand this impact, directly or indirectly, on behaviours and attitudes. Empirical research has examined the data from a questionnaire administered to a sample of 407 employees belonging to various public and private organisations in Portugal. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses and multi-group analysis to identify how perceptions of organisational support, psychological contract violation, burnout and satisfaction with management may impact these relationships. The main findings are as follows: (a) Perception of organisational justice (POJ) has a positive impact on Perception of organisational support (POS), Psychological Contract (PC), Affective commitment (AC), Leader-member exchange (LMX) and on Individual performance (IP), (b) POS has a positive impact on POJ, (c) POJ mediates the relationship between POS and IP, (d) POS is a moderating variable in the relationship between POJ and PC and between POJ and IP, (e) Psychological contract violation (PCV) moderate the relationship between POS and POJ and between POJ and IP, and (f) Satisfaction with Management (SOM) moderate the relationship between PC and Burnout (BUR) and between LMX and AC. The overall results of this study are of much interest to managers as they provide a more comprehensive understanding of the organisational aspects, with a focus on the organisational justice, affecting employee attitudes and behaviours. According to these results, it is possible to design Human Resources Management (HRM) strategies and policies leading to organisational success. With this knowledge, organisations should invest in leaders who believe in the transparency of processes, the need for good quality interpersonal relationships, good communication, and the importance of attending the socio-emotional needs of employees. Preventing the emergence of burnout will give effectiveness and predictability to HRM practices. The originality of this study lies in the integration of various constructs, with a focus on the organisational justice, and relationships of mediation and moderation in a single study, to provide a model that depicts a critical chain of effects. Besides this contributes for the state of the art. This research studies the perception of organisational support as antecedent of the organization justice and still appeals to the necessity to contextualize the research studies since, in an economical and financial crisis situation and/or in a peripheral economy, same variables behave differently and even antagonistically to what is described in the literature.A perceção da justiça organizacional é dominante quer na vida das pessoas quer na vida das organizações e é preditor do sucesso individual e das organizações. De facto, as atitudes e os comportamentos, relevantes no trabalho dependem, essencialmente, de julgamentos sobre justiça organizacional ou injustiça. Nesta investigação, procuramos compreender melhor este impacto, direta ou indiretamente, nos comportamentos e atitudes dos trabalhadores Nesta investigação empírica, os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário criado para o efeito e aplicado a uma amostra de 407 colaboradores pertencentes a várias organizações portuguesas quer públicas quer privadas. Para testar as hipóteses recorrermos à modelagem de equações estruturais e à analise multi grupos para identificar como a perceção do suporte organizacional, a violação do contrato psicológico, o burnout e a satisfação com a gestão podem afetar essas relações. As principais conclusões são as seguintes: (a) a perceção da justiça organizacional (POJ) tem um impacto positivo sobre a perceção do suporte organizacional (POS), no contrato psicológico (PC), no empenhamento afetivo (AC), na relação líder-liderado (LMX) e no desempenho individual (IP), (b) POS tem um positivo impacto na PJO, (c) POJ medeia a relação entre POS e IP, (d) POS é uma variável moderadora na relação entre POJ e PC e entre POJ e IP, (e) o PCV modera a relação entre POS e POJ e entre POJ e IP e (f) SOM modera a relação entre PC e Burnout (BUR) e entre LMX e AC. Os resultados globais deste estudo são de grande interesse para os gestores, uma vez que proporcionam uma compreensão mais abrangente dos aspetos organizacionais, com foco na justiça organizacional, que afetam as atitudes e comportamentos dos colaboradores. Com base nestes resultados, é possível projetar estratégias e políticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos (GRH) que conduzam ao sucesso organizacional. Estes resultados são indicadores que as organizações devem investir em líderes que acreditam na transparência dos processos, que fomentam relacionamentos interpessoais de boa qualidade, uma boa comunicação e ainda que se preocupem e procurem satisfazer às necessidades sócio emocionais dos colaboradores. Para a eficácia e previsibilidade das práticas de GRH as organizações devem eliminar ou reduzir o burnout organizacional. A originalidade deste estudo reside na integração de várias construtos com foco na justiça organizacional, e nas relações de mediação e moderação num único estudo, fornecendo um modelo que retrata uma cadeia de efeitos críticos. Para além deste contributo para o estado da arte, esta pesquisa estuda a perceção do suporte organizacional como antecedente da justiça organizacional e ainda chama a atenção para a necessidade de se contextualizar as investigações uma vez que em situações de crise económica e financeira e/ou numa economia periférica, algumas variáveis comportam-se de forma diferente e até antagónica ao que habitualmente encontramos descrito na literatura.
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Kent, Robert Aubrey William. "Cascading Transformational Leadership and the Impact of Multiple Leadership Influences on Employee Attitudes and Behavior." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392815421.
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Meintjies, Jean. "The influence of organisational climate on job performance." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/10286.
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Organisational climate, as represented by the aggregation of the perceptions of the individual employees within the organisation, has been the focus of considerable empirical research that can be traced back to the work of Lewin, Lippit and White (1939).The debate around organisational climate research, concentrates on the methodological issue of how the construct of such climate can be translated into an indicator of organisational effectiveness. Schneider and Bowen (1985), Bacayan and White (1993) have provided evidence that a worthy and functional organisational climate does have a positive effect upon service outcomes and hence improves organisational success. The study examines the influence of organisational participants’ perception of work environment on job performance in a sample of employees within the various departments of Transnet National Ports Authority. The paper presents that the perception of organisational climate has a significant effect on job performance of some employees while it is not so for others. The research sample consists of 71 employees working in the marine and operations, engineering, human resource, marketing and legal departments. One questionnaire was designed by the researcher to measure organisational climate and the effectiveness of job performance. The climate dimensions of communication, management and supervision, reward and recognition and training are significantly related to job performance. The research consisted of the organisational climate and job performance literature and the subsequent link between these two constructs within Transnet National Ports Authority. In conclusion the report presents the authors findings, conclusions and recommendations derived from the study.
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Pastor, Lorna Valencia. "The relationship between organisational citizenship behaviour and perceptions of organisational justice at a selected automotive component manufacturer in the Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/977.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012Organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) is discretionary behaviour of employees that display altruism, courtesy, conscientiousness and loyalty towards co-workers and the organisation. OCB is important, since it promotes efficient and effective functioning of the organisation (Organ, 1988: 4). Research suggests that OCB is related to perceptions of organisational justice (OJ). OJ refers to fairness of decision making processes in the workplace, employees’ perceptions, and the influence of OJ on workplace behaviour. Perceived fairness determines the extent of employees’ OCB contributions to the organisation. OCB may be increased if employee perceptions of OJ are improved (Moorman, 1991: 845). Anecdotal evidence suggests that many workers at the research site (Company A) display negative OCB, hence identifying a need for this study. The main objective of the study was to determine employee perceptions of OJ, levels of OCB, and to test the nature of the relationship between perceptions of OJ and OCB at Company A. Employees at Company A (N=130) were surveyed regarding their perceptions of OJ and their willingness to display OCB. Cross sectional, quantitative data was collected in a paper based survey, by using existing instruments that were formulated from validated standardised questionnaires to measure OJ and OCB. Responses were analysed, and the results of the study showed that certain components of OJ are related to OCB at Company A. Understanding the effect that management practices have on perceptions of OJ will enable management at Company A to improve interaction with employees in an effort to improve employees’ perceptions of fairness. This should enhance employee/management relations, encourage more citizenship behaviour from employees, and ultimately benefit the organisation.
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Nuri, Abdulrazaq K. "The influence of performance and appraisal fairness on employee attitudes and behaviour in Iraqi Kurdistan." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/32635/.
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This study examines how aspects of performance appraisal fairness influence job satisfaction, trust in management and organisational commitment, and their links to organizational citizenship behaviour. Specifically, the study proposes that job satisfaction, trust in management and organisational commitment mediate the influence of performance appraisal fairness on organisational citizenship behaviour. Social exchange theory and the norm of reciprocity are used to provide a theoretical understanding of the linkages between performance appraisal fairness and work outcomes. Data were collected at three separate times to yield 369 responses from employees in public sector banks in Iraqi Kurdistan. The results show that the procedural and informational fairness of performance appraisal have a low to moderate relationship with job satisfaction, trust in management, affective and normative commitment and that distributive fairness has an insignificant effect on affective and normative commitment. These four attitudes have a positive relationship with organisational citizenship behaviour. The findings indicate that job satisfaction, trust in management and the two dimensions of organisational commitment play a role in mediating the relationship between procedural and informational fairness of performance appraisal and organisational citizenship behaviour. Job satisfaction and trust in management also played a significant role in mediating the relationship between distributive fairness of performance appraisal and organisational citizenship behaviour. Affective and normative commitment do not mediate the relationship between distributive fairness of performance appraisal and organisational citizenship behaviour. Performance appraisal characterised as fair and equitable is important to deliver desirable employee attitudes and behaviours and to reinforce employee motivation to serve banking activities and facilitate the achievement of organisational goals. The results underpin the importance of conducting performance appraisals in ways that employees see as fair. Although studies of this kind are common in the West, this is the first study in the Kurdish culture and working context. Suggestions for further research are offered.
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Roberts, Joanne. "Lean management pilosophy and its impact on employee attitudes and perfomance : the critical role of first line supervisors." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5409.
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Abstract : Using a quantitative research design and survey data from 83 supervisor - employee dyads working in North American facilities of a large multinational healthcare organization, this study explores the critical role of first line supervisors in a lean environment. Many organizations have adopted the Toyota Production System (TPS, also known as lean management or the Toyota Way) in an effort to improve organizational effectiveness. Implementation success has been surprisingly limited. The predominantly negative effects documented in the scientific literature are attributable to the introduction of lean as a series of tools and techniques for cost cutting. In environments that truly manage according to the TPS, all share the belief that the development and participation of all employees is essential to maintain competitiveness. Increased emphasis on teamwork and worker involvement in a lean environment places rising demands on the first - line supervisor. The supervisor role in a lean environment is considered critical and becomes one of encouraging more participation, and creating an environment of continuous improvement. Given that leadership is a complex construct, the current paper uses a multi - domain approach proposed by Graen and Uhl - Bien (1995) to study the effect of empowering leadership behaviours (leader domain), leader - member exchange (relational domain) and psychological empowerment (follower domain) on individual performance (measured as in - role performance and organizational citizenship behaviours) through the mediating variable of job involvement in the work setting. Findings indicate that the role of the first line supervisor in a lean environment is critical. The follower (psychological empowerment) and relational (leader - member exchange) domains of leadership are significant in predicting variations of job involvement in the work setting, and job involvement mediates the relationship between the relation domain variable of leader - member exchange and individual performance (organizational citizenship behaviours targeted at the individual). Empowering leadership behaviours are significantly related and directly related to in - role performance. Development of first line supervisors should emphasize building high quality relationships, facilitating employee psychological empowerment, and demonstrating empowering leadership behaviours in order to enhance involvement in a team setting and individual performance. // Résumé : En utilisant une méthode de recherche quantitative ainsi que les résultats de sondages auprès de 83 dyades superviseur-employé travaillant dans des établissements nord-américains d’une grande organisation multinationale du domaine de la santé, cette étude explore le rôle clé des superviseurs de premier niveau dans un environnement de production « lean ». Plusieurs organisations ont adopté le Système de production Toyota (SPT, aussi connu sous les vocables de « lean management » ou de « méthode Toyota ») dans le but d’améliorer l’efficacité organisationnelle. De façon surprenante, le succès de l’implantation de cette méthode de production s’est montré limité. L’effet négatif prédominant documenté dans la littérature scientifique est attribuable à l’introduction du « lean » comme une série d’outils et de techniques pour réduire les coûts. Dans les environnements véritablement gérés selon le SPT, on partage la croyance que le développement et la participation de tous les employés est essentielle pour maintenir la compétitivité. L’accent sur le travail d’équipe et sur l’implication des travailleurs dans un environnement « lean » place des attentes élevées sur les superviseurs de premier niveau. Le rôle du superviseur dans ce type d’environnement est considéré comme critique et consiste à encourager la participation et la création d’un environnement d’amélioration continue. Étant donné que le leadership est un construit complexe, la présente étude utilise une approche multi-domaines proposée par Graen and Uhl-Bien (1995) pour étudier l’effet des comportements de leadership habilitant (empowering leadership; domaine du leader), de l’échange leader-membre (leader-member exchange; domaine de la relation) et de l’habilitation psychologique (psychological empowerment; domaine de l’employé) sur la performance individuelle (performance dans le rôle et comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle) via la variable médiatrice de l’implication au travail, et plus spécifiquement dans l’environnement de travail (job involvement in the work setting). Les résultats indiquent que le rôle du superviseur est crucial. Les domaines de leadership de l’employé (c.-à-d. l’habilitation psychologique) et de la relation (c.-à-d. l’échange leader-membre) sont significatifs lorsqu’il s’agit de prévoir les variations de l’implication au travail, et l’implication au travail agit comme médiateur entre les variables des domaines de leadership et la performance individuelle (comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle). Le développement des superviseurs de premier niveau devrait mettre l’accent sur la formation de relations superviseur-supervisés de grande qualité et faciliter l’habilitation psychologique des employés afin d’encourager l’implication dans le travail d’équipe, et par le fait même, la performance individuelle.
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Gheliji, Elham. "Human Resource Management Strategies in Hospitality Industry : Employees’ competence, attitude, behavior and organizational operation (management perspective)." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29713.
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The current study demonstrates human resource strategies in hospitality industry (Hotel segment) and its impact on employee competencies and skills. The human resource management enhances employee performance and their credibility to maximize overall firm goals in hotel segment. Employees with level of attitude and behavior provide best services and performances. In this regard, service managers need to support and improve their employees’ skills and competencies related to the organization structure and strategy. Therefore, it is necessary for organization to have strong human resource management strategies to optimize the employees’ competencies and performance which drives higher organizational productivity. The research question of this thesis is how managers perceive that human resource management strategies influence on employees’ skill and competence in the hotel segment of Gothenburg? The data collection indicates that different human resource strategies executed to sustain employee roles and responsibilities. Various human resource strategies should implement to achieve valuable outcomes contributing to employees’ satisfaction and organization performance. Training practices, recruitment and selection, compensation and incentive practices, performance management and job design are essential human resource strategies which are identified in this research study. The thesis applies qualitative approach. Empirical data are collected through structured interviews. Moreover, the interactive model is used to analyze the collected empirical data.
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Turchi, Lenita Maria. "The impact of TQM on employee attitudes and behaviour : a case study of a Brazilian company." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270491.
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Perumalsami, Jeremiah. "The relationship between job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour in a Western Cape Government Office." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/992.
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Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Technology: Business Administration in the Faculty of Business Management at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology.Modern human resource management suggests that organisations that have succeeded in the business arena have done so through good people management practices and employees who display productive behaviour above and beyond their formal job descriptions. General thought behind job satisfaction supports that happy employees are inclined to be more productive, creative and committed to their jobs, all of which are essential to achieving an organisation’s bottom line. Organisational citizenship behaviour is another factor that is regarded as important for achieving organisational effectiveness. There has been some disagreement regarding the nature of the relationship between job satisfaction (JS) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Some studies have shown that OCB is as a result of JS. Following these studies, this research paper focuses on the extent to which JS influences OCB among a sample of employees within a Western Cape government office. Employees at the government office (N =105), selected through convenience sampling, were surveyed regarding their level of JS and their readiness to display OCB. Quantitative data was collected through a paper-based survey, using validated standardised questionnaires to measure both JS and OCB. The results show that respondents reported moderate levels of JS and OCB. Through the study it was established that there is a significant relationship between JS and OCB. Furthermore, the JS dimensions of ‘internal work motivation’ and ‘growth satisfaction’ explained 25% of the variance in OCB. This research investigated the relationship between OCB and JS in a South African context, providing insight into their relationship in a public sector organisation. In terms of practical significance, exploring the relationship between JS and OCB can provide insight for management and guidance for human resource practices, which can assist in improving JS and therefore the success of a business.
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Carter, Marta L. "Manager-subordinate exchange relationships : investigation of a manager behavior model /." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02052007-072445/.
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Soomro, Shuaib Ahmed. "Four essays on the influence of terrorism stress and job stress on employee attitude and behavior." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0207.
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Le terrorisme est un fléau qui s’est répandu dans le monde entier. Les événements de ces dernières années au Sri Lanka, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Royaume-Uni, en France, au Pakistan et dans d'autres zones du monde ont fait des victimes, touchées physiquement et mentalement. Dans certains pays, le terrorisme est une réalité quotidienne. Vivre sous le terrorisme peut être extrêmement stressant pour les sociétés en général et les entreprises en particulier. Jusqu'à présent, peu de recherches ont été consacrées à ce phénomène. Par conséquent, cette étude vise à comprendre le stress lié au terrorisme et ses effets sur les employés travaillant dans des zones qui y sont exposés. Ce travail de thèse constitué de quatre essais, se fonde sur trois cadres conceptuels théoriques, développés à partir d’une revue de littérature complète et une étude de recherche qualitative. Les trois cadres distincts utilisés sont : le modèle du Stress et de l'Evaluation Cognitive (Lazarus et Folkman, 1984), le modèle Déséquilibre Effort/Récompense (Siegrist, 1998) et la théorie de Conservation des Ressources (Hobfoll, 1988). Dans le cas des études quantitatives, un cadre théorique distinct a été développé pour chaque étude de la thèse. Le premier chapitre porte sur la revue de la littérature. Nous avons également exploré le terrorisme et les facteurs de stress au travail, ainsi que leur influence sur les employés, et avons déterminé les différents rôles des ressources personnelles et organisationnelles. Par la suite, une étude qualitative (chapitre 2) et trois études quantitatives distinctes (chapitres 3, 4 et 5) ont été menées pour tester certaines de ces relationsTerrorism is a scourge which has now spread across the globe. The events of the last few years in Sri Lanka, New Zealand, London, France, Pakistan and other cities around the world highlight the fact that terrorism hurt physically and mentally who experience it. Meanwhile, in some areas, discontinuous terrorism is an everyday reality. Terrorism can be stressful for societies in general and business in particular. Until now, there has been scant research focusing on this phenomenon. Hence, this study aims to understand terrorism stress and its influence on job outcomes working in terrorist-ridden areas. Two cities of Pakistan were study setting, as she has suffered from discontinuous terrorism for about two decades. This thesis work has four essays, based on three stress frameworks. The three used are; Stress Framework (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), ERI Framework (Siegrist, 1998) and COR framework (Hobfoll, 1988). Chapter 1 is about literature review, we explored terrorism and job stressors, and their influence on job outcomes. Afterwards, a qualitative study, 3 separate quantitative studies (Chapter 3, 4 and 5 respectively) were conducted. The qualitative research was based on the literature and semi-structured interviews. It aimed to gain in-depth knowledge about job and terrorism stressors. The study pointed out that the employees at large are exposed to terrorist incidents. The altogether three quantitative studies conjointly found that terrorism stressor and job stressor adversely affect employee health and wellbeing. The thesis concludes with contributions, managerial implications, and directions for future research
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Grant, David Stephen. "Japanese manufacturers in the UK electronics sector : the impact of production systems on employee attitudes and behaviour." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1341/.
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Recent research at Japanese manufacturers in the UK has tended to simply focus on their employee relations practices, arguing that where they operate effectively they result in a loyal and highly productive workforce. It often goes on to point out that there is a link between these practices and the companies' production systems, suggesting that employee relations practices are an integral part of the production system at a Japanese company. However, the research fails to adequately show the implications of this link. Its attempts to examine the issue have remained descriptive, devaluing its results and conclusions. This research remedies this deficiency. The research's central argument and findings are that production systems vary considerably between Japanese manufacturers in the UK and that contrary to popular belief some of these companies' production systems display serious shortcomings. It argues that employment relations practices at these companies though an integral part of their production systems are only one of several sets of characteristics necessary to the successful operation of the company. It is also important to consider a company's organizational structure and managerial effectiveness. Strengths and weaknesses in these other production system characteristics affect employee responses to a company's employment relations practices, impeding or assisting the intended improvement of individuals in the performance of their work. Either a vicious or virtuous circle can therefore emerge since employee responses to a company's employment relations practices will further contribute to its production performance. Testing this argument involves the design and use of an innovative model that identifies the key characteristics necessary for the production system at a Japanese manufacturing transplant in the UK to perform efficiently. Identification of these characteristics allows the model to be used as a benchmark against which to compare the production systems of Japanese manufacturers. The research applies the model to the production systems of nine Japanese companies in the UK's consumer electronics sector and identifies a number of differences in their production system characteristics. Two of these nine companies are then selected as case studies and their production systems are examined in detail. In addition, workforce reactions to the employee relations practices at these two companies are also measured using questionnaire and interview data. The results confirm the research's argument that the closer a company's manufacturing system comes to displaying the model's full set of production system characteristics, the more likely it is that its employee relations practices will elicit workforce attitudes and behaviour desired by the company.
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Sale, Brittany E. "Predictors of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors: Supervisor Job Stress and Work-Family Climate." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/276.
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Research indicates that supportive supervision, particularly work-family specific supervision, is key to reducing employees' work-family conflict (Allen, 2001; Eby et al., 2005; Thomas & Ganster, 1995). However, little research has examined the factors that contribute to supervisors' willingness or ability to provide this support. This study examined how supervisor job stress and perceptions of work-family climate influenced employee ratings of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB) using previously-collected data from a mid-western grocery chain. It was hypothesized that supervisor job stressors would impact FSSB, supervisor perception of work-family climate would impact FSSB, and the interaction of stressors and climate would impact FSSB. None of the hypotheses were supported. Potential explanations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Zhang, Lixuan. "A social capital perspective on IT professionals' work behavior and attitude." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5303/.
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Abstract Attracting and developing information technology (IT) professionals is one of the top concerns for companies. Although much research has been conducted about the job behavior and attitudes of IT professionals over the last three decades, findings are inconclusive and contradictory. This suggests that something may be missing in how we examine this phenomenon. Most of this research is drawn from theories of motivation, very little examines the effect of social relationships on IT professionals' behavior and attitude. Yet, social capital theory suggests that job behavior and attitude may be greatly influenced by these relationships. This suggests that IT professionals' social capital warrants empirical examination. The primary research question that this dissertation addresses is how social capital affects IT professionals' work attitude and behavior including job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, job performance and turnover intention. The research model in this dissertation examines the influence of three aspects of social capital on IT professionals' job attitude and work behavior: tie strength, the number of ties and the structural holes. Data were collected from 129 IT professionals from a range of jobs, organizations and industries. Results indicate that tie strength in the organization of an IT professional is positively related to job satisfaction. The number of ties outside an organization an IT professional has is also positively related to job performance. However, hypotheses about organizational citizenship behavior and turnover intention are not supported. Several implications for organizational executives and managers are offered based on findings.
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Amuenje, Florentia. "The impact of diversity training on employee attitudes and behaviour with regard to diversity in work organisations: an analysis of a diversity-training programme in a Namibian work organisation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002433.
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Diversity training programmes are formal efforts to prepare the workforce to work with individuals from different cultural backgrounds and to improve organisational effectiveness. Although many studies have described diversity training programmes in the workplace, only a few have been evaluated to assess their effectiveness and impact on job outcomes. This thesis describes a study that assessed the impact of a diversity management-training programme on employee attitudes and behaviour towards diversity in a manufacturing company in Namibia. Kirkpatrick’s (1959) four-level model, which examines the trainees’ reactions to the training, the learning acquired, the behaviour change and improvement in organisational results, was used to measure the impact of the training programme. Data was collected through pre-and post-assessment semi-structured individual interviews and a focus group was conducted two months after the training. Data analysis indicates that the first two levels of the evaluation model showed an impact. The participants had positive reactions towards the course and said that they had learnt from the course. The data also showed that the training did not have any impact on the behaviour of the participants and on organisational outcomes. The research also revealed that lack of improved productivity and organisational results might have been influenced by unrealistic expectations, past political conditions, job insecurity and unemployment and the training context. Some recommendations for both the diversity training programme administrators as well as the management of the company are made.
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Papatheodorou, Theodora. "Teachers' attitudes toward children's behaviour problems in nursery classes in Greece and the management techniques employed." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244235.
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Caughlin, David Ellis. "Dynamic Job Satisfaction Shifts: Implications for Manager Behavior and Crossover to Employees." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2345.
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In this dissertation, I investigated job satisfaction from a dynamic perspective. Specifically, I integrated the momentum model of job satisfaction with the affective shift model and crossover theory in an effort to move beyond traditional, static conceptions of job satisfaction and other constructs. Recent research and theoretical development has focused on the meaning of job satisfaction change for workers and how such change impacts their decisions to leave an organization. To extend this line of inquiry, I posited hypotheses pertaining to: (a) job satisfaction change with respect to positive work behavior (i.e., organizational citizenship behavior, family-supportive supervisor behavior); (b) the potential moderating effect of changes in negative work events (i.e., job demands, interpersonal conflict) on the relation between job satisfaction change and turnover intentions change and positive work behavior; and (c) the crossover of job satisfaction change from managers to employees and the potential underlying behavioral mechanisms.
An archival dataset collected by the Work, Family & Health Network was used to investigate the aforementioned phenomena. Data were collected at two time points with a six-month interval via face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews from individuals working at 30 facilities from a U.S. extended-healthcare organization. In total, data from 184 managers and 1,524 of their employees were used to test hypotheses. Data were analyzed using multilevel structural equation modeling. In an extension of the momentum model, I found that managers’ job satisfaction change positively related to changes in employee reports of their FSSB; in addition, I replicated prior findings in which job satisfaction change negatively related to turnover intentions change. Furthermore, based on my integration of the momentum model and the affective shift model, I tested the proposition that changes in negative work events (i.e., job demands, interpersonal conflict) would moderate the relationship between changes in job satisfaction and focal outcomes. For certain operationalizations of negative work events, hypothesis testing revealed significant interactions with respect to changes in all three outcomes: turnover intentions, OCB, and FSSB. The form of the interactions, however, deviated from my predictions for models including changes in turnover intentions and OCB, although my predictions were supported for models including changes in FSSB. In my integration of the momentum model and crossover theory, the associated hypotheses were met with very limited support. Specifically, the relationship between managers' job satisfaction change and employees' job satisfaction change approached significance, but the relationship between managers' level of job satisfaction and their employees' subsequent level of job satisfaction did not receive support. Similarly, the proposed mediational mechanisms (i.e., managers' OCB and FSSB) of these crossover relations went unsupported. In sum, while my contributions to the momentum model and the affective shift model were notable, my proposed integration of the momentum model and crossover theory was met with limited support. Overall, findings from this dissertation yield important implications for both theory and practice, as they may draw more attention to changes in job satisfaction, as well as the potentially beneficial role of changes in perceived negative work events.
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Bayer, Daniela. "Predictors of Employee Interest and Participation in Worksite Health Promotion Programs." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1957.
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Many companies in the private sector have established workplace health promotion programs (WHPP) that enhance employee health, engagement, and performance. Employee participation is voluntary and usually low, which limits the health effectiveness of WHPP. Further, the influence of implicit factors such as attitudes, health self-perceptions, or job satisfaction is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to addresses the problem of low employee participation in WHPP and to contribute to an understanding of wellness in the workplace. The theoretical framework was the theory of attitude-behavior consistency and models of expectancy-value. The research was designed as a quantitative cross-sectional study that used the Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle instrument. Research questions examined the influence of psychosocial and demographic variables on employee participation in WHPP. The survey was administered as an online self-assessment. The questionnaire was completed by 115 members of 3 professional networking groups. The respondents were based in Silicon Valley, California, and employed for at least 1 year by a company with WHPP. Statistical analysis with an independent-samples t test, partial correlation, and standard multiple regression indicated no significant association between gender and WHPP participation and no statistically significant relationship between psychosocial variables and WHPP participation in men and women, controlling for age. Data showed statistically significant positive correlational relationships among several variables. The study contributes to the literature on health behavior in the workplace by providing a theory-based approach to analyzing personal and attitudinal variables of WHPP participation.
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Slone, Amanda Ruth. "The Impact of Receiver Sex on Feedback Message Choice by Supervisors and the Influence on Employees' Attitudes and Behaviors." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/51.
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The present study investigated the influence of receiver sex on supervisor’s feedback message choice, and the influence of the interaction between receiver sex and feedback message type on employees’ subsequent behaviors and attitudes. Participants (N = 45) included a representative sample from a reputable organization in the southeastern United States. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a survey methodology. This mixed-methods approach revealed that while participants in this study rated the overall atmosphere of the performance evaluation as positive and informal, the interaction between receiver sex and feedback message type did have a statistically significant influence on their perceived utility of the feedback message, retention of the feedback message, and motivation to implement the feedback. In addition, women in this sample reported receiving significantly different types of feedback than did men. Therefore, supervisors should ensure that both men and women receive more task performance related feedback messages in order to increase employees’ perceived utility of the feedback message, retention of the feedback message, and motivation to implement the feedback.
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Blake, Pamela S. "Attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions of employees regarding use or nonuse of personal hearing protective devices." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941347.
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The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether a difference existed between attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions of employees regarding self reported use or nonuse of PHPD. The study also investigated if there was a difference between selected demographic variables and the attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions of employees regarding use or nonuse of PHPD. Fishbein and Ajzen's (1975) Theory of Reasoned Action was the theoretical framework for this study. A convenience sample of 250 employees at two automotive component manufacturing plants located in the Midwest completed the demographic sheet and Employee Use of PHPD questionnaire.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, and the alpha scores ranged from 0.66 to 0.81. Findings revealed a significant difference in attitudes between the self reported use and nonuse groups (F=93.34, df, 1, p<.0001). A significant difference in subjective norms between the use and nonuse groups (F=52.14, df, 1, p<.0001). Findings also revealed a significant difference in behavioral intentions between the self reported use and nonuse groups (F=128.54, df, 1, p<.001). A significant difference was found between age, gender, and self reported use or nonuse ofPHPD. Younger female respondents used PHPD more frequently than male middle aged respondents.Despite the fact that this study found evidence of positive attitudes and subjective norms, the findings did not support behavioral intentions. Most of the respondents (86.4%) supported the use of PHPD as an important part of responsible work safety, but their self reported use of PHPD was only 33.4%. More than half (65.6%) of the respondents reported never or almost never using PHPD. The findings were not consistent with the constructs of TRA, that attitudes and subjective norms are predictive of behavioral intention and thus behavior.School of Nursing