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Journal articles on the topic 'Empoasca'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

LIU, YANG, DAO-ZHENG QIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, and YA-LIN ZHANG. "Review of Chinese Empoasca Walsh (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), with description of seven new species and some new Chinese records." Zootaxa 3055, no. 1 (October 11, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3055.1.1.

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Seven new species of Empoasca (Empoasca) Walsh, 1862 are described and illustrated. Five of the new species belong to the Empoasca warchalowskii group: Empoasca (Empoasca) longa Zhang & Liu, Empoasca (Empoasca) megalophylla Qin & Liu, Empoasca (Empoasca) paragucia Fletcher & Liu, Empoasca (Empoasca) undulata Zhang & Liu, Empoasca (Empoasca) vickiae Liu, spp. nov. The other two new species cannot be placed into a species group: Empoasca (Empoas- ca) dendritica Qin & Liu and Empoasca (Empoasca) polyprocessa Fletcher & Liu, spp. nov. An additional 15 species and the subgenus Empoasca (Livasca) Dworakowska & Viraktamath, 1978 are recorded for the first time from China.

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2

SOUTHERN, PHILLIP STERLING, and C. H. DIETRICH. "Eight new species of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from Peru and Bolivia." Zootaxa 2524, no. 1 (July 1, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2524.1.1.

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Eight new species in the leafhopper genus Empoasca Walsh 1862 are described and illustrated (Empoasca acanthafera n. sp., Empoasca affinipeba n. sp., Empoasca apatapeba n. sp., Empoasca daggyi n. sp., Empoasca davidi n. sp., Empoasca nella n. sp., Empoasca peba n. sp., Empoasca pexa n. sp.). Relationships to previously described species are discussed. Solanasca Ghauri 1974 is treated as a junior synonym of Empoasca (new synonymy) and a revised generic diagnosis is provided.

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3

SOUTHERN, PHILLIP STERLING. "New species and color forms of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from South America." Zootaxa 1949, no. 1 (December 3, 2008): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1949.1.4.

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Three new Neotropical species in the genus Empoasca are described and illustrated (Empoasca bartletti n. sp., Empoasca concava n. sp., Empoasca coofa n. sp.). The species are placed in a previously published key and relationships to other species of the genus are described. Two informal species groups, the E. dolonis group and the E. papae group are described and included species are listed. Evidence for the occurrence of dimorphic color forms in the genus is discussed.

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4

Fauziah, Fani, and Odih Sucherman. "Pengaruh Kombinasi Aplikasi Jamur Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Lem Perangkap, dan Insektisida Imidakloprid terhadap Empoasca sp." Jurnal Agro 4, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/1229.

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In order to obtain an effective and efficient control method in integrated pest management, a research to know the effectiveness of combination treatments on Empoasca sp. on tea plant had been conducted. The trial was carried out at Gambung Experimental Station (1,250 masl) and designed in Randomized Complete Block design (RCB), with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment tested comprised with A. Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Pfr); B. sticky trap (ST); C. imidacloprid (I); D. Pfr + ST; E. Pfr + I; F. ST + I; G. Pfr + ST + I; and H. control. Pfr multiplied in rice medium 2.5 kg ha-1 and imidacloprid 0.125 L ha-1 were sprayed, while sticky trap was set in the middle of 5 m x 5 m plot. The parameters observed were attack intensity of Empoasca sp., population of Empoasca sp, and tea shoot production. The results showed that after 3 times application of all treatments revealed a decrease in the attack intensity of Empoasca sp. After the fourth application, combination treatment of sticky trap (ST) + imidacloprid (I) consistently showed higher efficacy than other treatments. In the sixth observation, the average of Empoasca sp. attack intensity of combination treatment (ST + I) was 15.95% with an average population of 0.67 Empoasca sp. per plot. In the meantime, tea shoot production was 33.64% higher compared with control.

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5

LIU, YANG, DAO-ZHENG QIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, and YA-LIN ZHANG. "Four new species of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) and one new record from China." Zootaxa 3070, no. 1 (October 27, 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3070.1.4.

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Four new species of Empoasca (Empoasca Walsh) are described from China: E. (E.) dahaopingensis Qin & Liu, E. (E.) gutianensis Zhang & Liu, E. (E.) lijiangensis Liu, and E. (E.) apibicruris Liu spp. nov. In addition, E. (E.) dymarka Dworakowska, 1984, is recorded from China for the first time. E. (E.) apibicruris, and E. (E.) dymarka are placed in the Empoasca albipennis group with E. (E.) albipennis Dworakowsa, 1977. Habitus photos and illustrations of the male genitalia of the new species are provided.

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6

Fauziah, Fani, Restu Wulansari, and Erdiansyah Rezamela. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Mikro Zn dan Cu serta Pupuk Tanah terhadap Perkembangan Empoasca sp. pada Areal Tanaman Teh." Agrikultura 29, no. 1 (April 6, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i1.16923.

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ABSTRACTThe effect of Zn and Cu micro-fertilizer and soil fertilizer on the development of Empoasca sp. in tea plantation areaFertilization has an important role for the entire process of metabolism and improves plant health. Tea plants are plants that require macro and micro nutrient inputs. The micro elements of Zn and Cu are needed for energy production, protein synthesis, formation of auxin hormones and increament of plant resistance to pest attack. This study aimed to determine the effect of Zn and Cu micro fertilizer and soil fertilizer on the development of Empoasca sp. The study was conducted from January to July 2017 at Gambung Experimental Station with an altitude of 1350 asl. The experiment was designed with Randomized Block Design (RBD) Factorial pattern with the following treatment arrangement: Factor A = 1) Without Micro Fertilizer, 2) Micro Fertilizer of Zn and Cu 200 g/ha/application, and 3) Zn and Cu 300 g/ha/application; Factor B = 1) Soil fertilizer of 100% recommended dosage, 2) Soil fertilizer of 75% recommended dosage, and 3) Soil fertilizer of 50% recommended dosage. All treatmnets were repeated three times. Application of micro fertilizers was carried out after six times of tea-leaf picking, while soil fertilizer was applied once at the beginning of the experiment. Observation parameters were population and attack intensity of Empoasca sp., as well as shoot production (kg/25 m2 plot size). The results showed that the application of fertilizers had an effect on the decrease of attack intensity and the population of Empoasca sp. in all treatments. Average attack intensity and population of Empoasca sp. at the end of the observation did not differ significantly of 31.64% and 2.55 Empoasca sp. per plant. Meanwhile, the highest total production of 36.56 kg/plot was obtained from the application of micro fertilizer Zn and Cu in the dosage of 200 g/ha/application at all doses of soil fertilizer, but there was no interaction between treatment factors.Keywords: Micro fertilizer, Soil fertilizer, Empoasca sp., Tea plantABSTRAKPemupukan memegang peranan penting untuk seluruh proses metabolisme dan meningkatkan kesehatan tanaman. Tanaman teh merupakan tanaman yang memerlukan input unsur hara makro dan mikro. Unsur mikro Zn dan Cu diperlukan tanaman untuk produksi energi, sintesis protein, pembentukan hormon auksin serta meningkatkan resistensi terhadap serangan organisme pangganggu tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pemberian pupuk mikro Zn dan Cu serta pupuk tanah terhadap perkembangan Empoasca sp. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari hingga Juli 2017 di Kebun Percobaan Gambung dengan ketinggian 1.350 mdpl. Percobaan dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola Faktorial dengan susunan perlakuan sebagai berikut: Faktor A = 1) Tanpa Pupuk mikro, 2) Pupuk mikro Zn dan Cu 200 g/ha/aplikasi, dan 3) Pupuk mikro Zn dan Cu 300 g/ha/aplikasi; Faktor B = 1) Pupuk tanah 100% dosis anjuran, 2) Pupuk tanah 75% dosis anjuran, dan 3) Pupuk tanah 50% dosis anjuran. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali ulangan. Aplikasi pupuk mikro dilaksanakan setelah pemetikan sebanyak enam kali, sedangkan pemberian pupuk tanah dilakukan satu kali diawal percobaan. Parameter pengamatan yaitu populasi, intensitas serangan Empoasca sp., dan produksi pucuk (kg/plot 25 m2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk berpengaruh terhadap penurunan intensitas serangan dan populasi Empoasca sp. pada seluruh perlakuan. Rata-rata intensitas serangan dan populasi Empoasca sp. pada akhir pengamatan tidak berbeda nyata sebesar 31,64% dan 2,55 ekor per tanaman. Sementara itu, total produksi tertinggi diperoleh dari aplikasi pupuk mikro Zn dan Cu dosis 200 g/ha/aplikasi pada semua dosis pupuk tanah yaitu sebesar 36,56 kg/plot, namun tidak terjadi interaksi antar faktor perlakuan.Kata Kunci: Pupuk mikro, Pupuk tanah, Empoasca sp., Tanaman teh

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7

Fauziah, Fani. "ALTERNATIF PENGENDALIAN Empoasca sp. DENGAN INSEKTISIDA BUPROFEZIN PADA TANAMAN TEH." Creative Research Journal 4, no. 02 (January 21, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34147/crj.v4i02.169.

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Empoasca merupakan hama utama pada tanaman teh yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan hingga 50%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alternatif pengendalian Empoasca dengan insektisida berbahan aktif Buprozein. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Gambung, Kabupaten Bandung, selama ± 3 bulan, dari bulan Maret hingga Mei. Pengujian dirancang dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji meliputi insektisida Buprofezin 100 g/l dengan dosis 0,125; 0,25; 0,375; 0,5 l/ha, dan kontrol. Insektisida disemprotkan dengan menggunakan alat semprot punggung sehari setelah pemetikan, sebanyak 6 kali, dengan interval aplikasi 1 minggu. Parameter yang diamati meliputi intensitas serangan, populasi Empoasca sp., produksi pucuk, suhu dan curah hujan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa insektisida Buprofezin 100 g/l pada semua dosis yang diuji berpengaruh terhadap intensitas dan populasi Empoasca sp. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa dosis efektivitas tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh dosis formulasi 0,375; 0,5 l/ha dengan tingkat efektivitas lebih dari 70%.

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8

ZHANG, YA-LIN, YANG LIU, and DAO-ZHENG QIN. "Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis n. sp. and some new records of the subgenus from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini)." Zootaxa 1949, no. 1 (December 3, 2008): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1949.1.5.

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Empoasca (Empoasca) paraparvipenis Zhang and Liu n. sp. is described and illustrated from Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces (SW. China), and three species of the nominate subgenus are reported for the first time from China. A species checklist of the subgenus is also provided.

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9

Kusumadewa, Christophorus Candra, and Supatman Supatman. "Identifikasi Citra Daun Teh Menggunakan Metode Histogram untuk Deteksi Dini Serangan Awal Hama Empoasca." JMAI (Jurnal Multimedia & Artificial Intelligence) 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26486/jmai.v2i1.71.

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Hama Empoasca adalah salah satu hama utama tanaman teh di Asia. Hama ini sulit dimonitor karena ukurannya kecil, lincah, mampu terbang dan meloncat. Pengamatan serangan hama ini agar lebih praktis dan mudah dengan cara mengatasinya. Gejala serangan ini dapat diakuisisi dan direpresentasikan dalam bentuk citra digital. Penelitian ini menyediakan sebuah algoritma yang dapat membantu membedakan daun teh muda atau pucuk daun teh yang sehat dan yang terkena gejala awal hama Empoasca. Sampel pucuk daun teh Yang sehat ATAU terserang hama Empoasca diproses using image preprocessing Dan ektraksi Ciri DENGAN Metode histogram Serta identifikasi Berbasis Neural Network . Ciri yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah mean, standar deviasi, dan entropy sebagai masukan jaringan syaraf tiruan . Data Pelatihan Yang digunakan sebanyak 110 citra, terdiri Dari 43 citra data normal Dan 23 citra terkena gejala Awal hama Empoasca Serta Data Pengujian sebanyak 44 citra. Pengujian algoritma ini menghasilkan unjukkerja terbaik sebesar 95,45% pada alfa 0,1 dan decalfa 0,5.

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10

Yasin, Nur, Listianingsih Listianingsih, Lestari Wibowo, and F. X. Susilo. "KEPADATAN POPULASI PREDATOR, PESAING, DAN SIMBION KUTUDAUN PADA TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG PASCAAPLIKASI INSEKTISIDA." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 4, no. 2 (September 16, 2004): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.2462-68.

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The population density of Aphis sp., their predators, competitors, and symbionts in longbean field treated with insecticide. This study was aimed to determine the effect of profenofos insecticide application on 1) the population density of Aphis sp., their predators (coccinellids and syrphids), competitor (Empoasca sp.) and symbionts (ants), and 2) the interactions between the aphid and the predator, the aphid and the symbiont, and the aphid and the competitor in the longbean field. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with three levels of profenofos treatments (P1= profenofos sprayed weekly, P2= profenofos sprayed biweekly, and K= unsprayed). Each treatment was replicated six times. Population density (insect number/longbean hill) was observed three times a week, totaling 16 observations during the growing season. The result showed that profenofos spray decreased the population density of Aphis sp. Profenofos treatment also suppressed coccinellid, syrphid, Empoasca sp., and ant population. However, the insecticide did not affect the correlation either between Aphis sp. and ant, between Aphis sp. and Empoasca sp., between ant and Empoasca sp., between ant and coccinellids/syrphids, or between Empoasca sp. and coccinellids/syrphids. It was clear from this study that profenofos strengthened the interaction between Aphis sp. and coccinellids. Aphis sp.—syrphid interaction was weekened by biweekly spray of profenofos, but was replenished by weekly spray of the insecticide.

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11

Ni, Xinzhi, Elaine A. Backus, and Joseph V. Maddox. "A New Microsporidium, Nosema empoascae n. sp., from Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 66, no. 1 (July 1995): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jipa.1995.1060.

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12

HOSSAIN, MD SHAMIM, JIN HYUNG KWON, SANG JAE SUH, and YONG JUNG KWON. "Two new species and two newly recorded species of the subgenus Empoasca Walsh from Korea (Hemiptrea: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)." Zootaxa 4652, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4652.2.6.

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Two new species of the subgenus Empoasca (Empoasca) Walsh 1862 from Korea are described: E. giusana sp. nov. and E. palgongsana sp. nov. The following two species are newly recorded from Korea: E. ishiharai Anufriev, 1973 and E. longa Zhang and Liu, 2011. A key and checklist of Korean species of this subgenus are also provided.

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13

Monim, MA, MN Haque, GM Bari, MS Rahaman, and MZ Rahman. "Integrated Management of Jassid in Groundnut." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 7, no. 2 (February 14, 2015): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22222.

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Management of Jassid (Empoasca terminalis) of groundnut using botanical and chemical insecticide viz. zet powder, neem kernel extract, biskatali dust extract and neem oil, Tafgar 20 EC and their integration was studied at Regional Agricultural Research Station, .Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rahmatpur, Barisal during rabi season of 2008-2009 and 2009-2010. The infestation of Jassid (Empoasca terminalis) was noticed during 1st week of March and the highest infestation of Jassid (Empoasca terminalis) was 345 per plant observed in the last week of April in 2009, 2010. Among the treatments as expected Tafgar 20 EC reduced the highest Jassid (Empoasca terminalis) (99.55%) with the highest BCR (5.65) followed by Neem kernel extract + Zet powder (56.32%), Neem oil + Zet powder (55.13%). Neem kernel extract (2.5%) + Biskatali dust extract (54.31) and Zet powder (48.33%) recorded at 15 days after spray over the pre-treatment count. Neem kernel extract + Zetpowder gave the second highest BCR (4.76) followed by Neem oil +Zet powder (4.29), Neem kernel extract (2.5%) + Biskatali dust extract (3.88) and Zet powder 4g/l of water (3.32).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22222 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 137-140 2014

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Egwurube, E. A., O. Ogunlana M, C. Dike M, and I. Onu. "Pest status of the leafhopper Empoasca dolichi Paoli on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the Zaria area of northern Nigeria." Plant Protection Science 41, No. 4 (March 7, 2010): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2754-pps.

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Population studies and tests on the relationship between density and damage were conducted in 1999 to 2001 to determine the pest status of <I>Empoasca dolichi</I> on groundnut (<I>Arachis hypogaea </I>L.) in the Zaria area of northern Nigeria. Analyses showed that <I>Empoasca</I> numbers varied significantly from one year to another, and within each year the numbers of leafhoppers observed at the different growth stages of the plant were significantly different (<I>P</I> = 0.01). There was an inverse and highly significant relationship between the mean kernel yield and the <I>Empoasca </I>damage at the different growth stages of the plant. When natural population densities were plotted against economic injury level (EIL), the densities did not reach the EIL throughout the groundnut growing seasons. The insect was thus not an economic pest on groundnut in Zaria during the period of the study.

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Adelianingsih, Dwi, Rini Hidayati, and Yon Sugiarto. "Potential of Green Leafhopper Attack (Empoasca sp.) in Tea Plantation Based on Climate Change Scenarios." Agromet 33, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.33.2.84-95.

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Pest growth is closely related to the climate conditions. This study aimed to analyze the impact of climate variability and climate change on the potential attack of green leafhopper (Empoasca sp.) on tea plantations at PTPN VIII Gunung Mas. The analysis was carried out to calculate the value of Ecoclimatic Index (EI) based on the functions of the compare years and the compare location in CLIMEX model. Pest suitability in the future was projected using RCP 4.5 and 8.5 climate scenarios, which were derived from MIROC 5 and CCSM 4 climate model outputs. The result indicated that Gunung Mas Tea Plantation was suitable for Empoasca sp. growth. The EI value (58) in the baseline year (2012-2017) confirmed the suitability. Climate variability influences the suitability for Empoasca sp. growth. During El-Niño, the EI value decrease substantially (~26%). On the other hand, the EI value is projected to slightly increase in the future for both climate scenarios.

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16

Yang, Maofa, and Xiaofei Yu. "Two new species of the leafhopper subgenus Empoasca (Empoasca) Walsh (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Empoascini) from China." ZooKeys 437 (August 28, 2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.437.7563.

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17

Patel, B. C., C. M. Muralidharan, P. S. Patel, B. S. Patel, and P. H. Rabari. "Biology of Castor Leafhopper Empoasca Flavescens Fabricius." Indian Journal of Entomology 79, no. 3 (2017): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8172.2017.00047.5.

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18

Loukas, M., and S. Drosopoulos. "Population genetic studies of leafhopper (Empoasca) species." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 63, no. 1 (April 1992): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1992.tb02421.x.

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19

Taylor, R. A. J., and Elson J. Shields. "Revisiting Potato Leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), Migration." American Entomologist 64, no. 1 (2018): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/tmy009.

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20

Murray, J. D., T. E. Michaels, C. Cardona, A. W. Schaafsma, and K. P. Pauls. "Quantitative trait loci for leafhopper (Empoasca fabae and Empoasca kraemeri) resistance and seed weight in the common bean." Plant Breeding 123, no. 5 (October 2004): 474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01020.x.

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Gonzales, J. W., D. P. Coyne, D. T. Lindgren, D. Schaaf, and K. M. Eskridge. "Heritability of the Resistance to Potato Leafhopper in Dry Bean." HortScience 39, no. 7 (December 2004): 1578–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1578.

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The potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae Harris is the most important Empoasca species attacking dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in North America. The objective of this study was to determine the heritability (h2) of PLH injury based on parent-offspring regression analysis of F3 means on individual F2 plants derived from crosses of pinto `Sierra' (resistant) × great northern `Starlight' (susceptible), and black bean `Tacarigua' (resistant) × `Starlight' (susceptible). Low narrow-sense heritability values of 0.29 ± 0.06 and 0.28 ± 0.10, respectively, were obtained for the above crosses. The low narrow-sense heritability estimates indicated large environmental effects on the expression of PLH injury in dry beans. An allelic test showed that both resistant parents possessed the same genes for resistance.

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SOUTHERN, PHILLIP STERLING. "Three new species of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from northern South America." Zootaxa 1314, no. 1 (September 14, 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1314.1.3.

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Three new species of the leafhopper genus Empoasca are described and illustrated from Ecuador and Colombia. The species are placed in a previously published key and relationships to other species of the genus are discussed.

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23

Chen Jing, 陈晶, 朱启兵 Zhu Qibing, 黄敏 Huang Min, and 郑阳 Zheng Yang. "Recognition of Empoasca Flavescens Based on Machine Vision." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 55, no. 1 (2018): 011502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop55.011502.

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24

ZHANG, YA-LIN, YANG LIU, and DAO-ZHENG QIN. "Review of Empoasca (Distantasca) Dworakowska (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini), with description of two new species from China." Zootaxa 2497, no. 1 (June 7, 2010): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2497.1.2.

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A key to known species of the subgenus Empoasca (Distantasca) is provided. Two new species, E. (Distantasca) latibasis Zhang and Liu sp. n. and E. (D.) tuberculata Zhang and Liu sp. n., are described and illustrated from Yunnan Province (SW China).

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25

AGUIN-POMBO, DORA, and NELIO FREITAS. "Empoasca fabalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): first report of an invasive pest of sweet potatoes in Portugal (Madeira Island)." Zootaxa 4838, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4838.1.9.

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The genus Empoasca comprises more than 600 species, many of them important pests of cultivated plants. The leafhopper Empoasca fabalis DeLong, 1930 is native to the tropical and subtropical regions of America. From here, it has successfully spread to most regions of the continent. Today its range extends from the southern United States, through Central America, and the West Indies to southern South America (Cusipuma & Sanchez 1993, DeLong 1930, Paradell et al. 1990, Poos & Wheeler 1949, Wolcott, 1948). Outside its native area, the species was more recently recorded in the Canary Islands (Lorenzo & Hermoso de Mendonza 2000) and Hawaii (Dietrich & Perreira 2019). Although it is still not known to occur in the European mainland, specimens were collected in 2000 on the island of La Palma (Spain) (Lorenzo & Hermoso de Mendonza, 2000). Until now, it was unknown on the island of Madeira and Portugal.

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26

Fletcher, M. J., and J. F. Donaldson. "EMPOASCA (EMPOASCA) SMITHI, A NEW SPECIES OF LEAFHOPPER DAMAGING CITRUS IN QUEENSLAND AND NOTES ON OTHER TYPHLOCYBINAE FROM AUSTRALIA (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE)." Australian Journal of Entomology 31, no. 2 (May 1992): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1992.tb00479.x.

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27

Murray, J. D., T. E. Michaels, K. P. Pauls, C. Cardona, and A. W. Schaafsma. "Yield and insect injury in leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris and Empoasca kraemeri Ross & Moore) infested dry beans in Ontario and Colombia." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-161.

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Recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between a leafhopper-susceptible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Berna Dutch brown and leafhopper-resistant selection EMP 419 were examined for resistance to the leafhopper species Empoasca abae (Harris) and Empoasca kraemeri Ross and Moore in Ontario, Canada and Colombia, South America, respectively. In both Ontario and Colombia there were significant positive correlations of visual injury scores with percent reductions in seed count, seed yield and seed weights. Leafhopper injury symptoms were significantly correlated with degree of stunting in Ontario, while only leaf burn scores were correlated with stunting in Colombia. Nymph counts were significantly and positively correlated with leaf curl scores in Ontario but not in Colombia, despite significant rank correlations of leaf burn scores and leaf curl scores between these locations. In a second experiment comparing the effects of E. fabae nymph infestations on set of 23 resistant and 5 susceptible recombinant inbred lines (RILs), the latter lines were infested by significantly fewer nymphs. Possible resistance mechanisms to E. fabae and E. kraemeri are discussed. Key words: Potato leafhopper, resistance insect, antixenosis, bean (navy), tolerance

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ZHANG, YALIN, and JUXIA KANG. "A taxonomic study of the genus Uzeldikra (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)." Zootaxa 1528, no. 1 (July 19, 2007): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1528.1.3.

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The leafhopper genus Uzeldikra Dworakowska (1971) belongs to the tribe Dikraneurini of Typhlocybinae with Empoasca citrina Melichar, 1903 as its type species. The other known species is U. grisea described from Yunnan, China (Dworakowska, 1979). Here the third species U. longiprocessa sp.nov. is described from Hunan, China.

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Pastore, M., E. Raffone, M. Santonastaso, R. Priore, S. Paltrinieri, A. Bertaccini, and A. M. Simeone. "PHYTOPLASMA DETECTION IN EMPOASCA DECEDENS AND EMPOASCA SPP. AND THEIR POSSIBLE ROLE AS VECTORS OF EUROPEAN STONE FRUIT YELLOWS (16SRX-B) PHYTOPLASMA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 657 (September 2004): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.657.82.

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QIN, DAO-ZHENG, and YA-LIN ZHANG. "The leafhopper subgenus Empoasca (Matsumurasca) from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini), with descriptions of three new species." Zootaxa 1817, no. 1 (July 7, 2008): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1817.1.2.

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The empoascine leafhopper subgenus Empoasca (Matsumurasca) Anufriev is redescribed. Four species, including three new species from China are reported: E. (M.) clypeata sp. nov., E. (M.) biloba sp. nov. and E. (M.) quadrifida sp. nov. New distributional records for E. (M.) onukii Matsuda are provided. A key to distinguish all species of the subgenus worldwide is also provided.

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31

Ofuya, Tom I. "Effect of Weeds on Pre-flowering Insect Infestation and Seed Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in a Rainforest Area of Nigeria." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 3 (July 1989): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970001485x.

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SUMMARYPre-flowering insect infestation of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, was monitored in weedy and weed-free plots in 1986 and 1987 in Akure, Nigeria. Weediness generally reduced infestations of both the leafhopper, Empoasca dolichi, and the flea beatle, Ootheca mutabilis. However, seed yield was reduced in the weedy plots despite heavier pre-flowering insect populations in the plots kept weed-free.

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Abarna, V., D. S. Rajavel, C. Muthiah, V. K. Paulpandi, B. Bhakiyathu Saliha, M. Murugan, and B. Usha Rani. "Evaluation of botanicals against jassid Empoasca kerri pruthi in groundnut." Indian Journal of Entomology 82, no. 2 (2020): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00070.x.

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Andow, D. A. "Population Density of Empoasca fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in Weedy Beans." Journal of Economic Entomology 85, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/85.2.379.

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34

Decante, Damien, and Maarten van Helden. "Spatial and temporal distribution of Empoasca vitis within a vineyard." Agricultural and Forest Entomology 10, no. 2 (May 2008): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008.00366.x.

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35

MURRAY, J. D., T. E. MICHAELS, K. P. PAULS, and A. W. SCHAAFSMA. "Determination of traits associated with leafhopper (Empoasca fabae and Empoasca kraemeri) resistance and dissection of leafhopper damage symptoms in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)." Annals of Applied Biology 139, no. 3 (December 2001): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2001.tb00145.x.

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36

Zhou, Carol L. Ecale, and Elaine A. Backus. "Phloem injury and repair following potato leafhopper feeding on alfalfa stems." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 4 (September 28, 1999): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-005.

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We examined phloem injury and repair over an 8-day period following probing (feeding with piercing-sucking mouthparts inserted in plant) by the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), in stems of alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. A videomicrography technique was used to apply standard-duration probing by potato leafhoppers on alfalfa stems. Leafhopper-induced plant responses, observed using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy, included phloem cell wall loosening and collapse, increased cytoplasmic density and dissolution of necrotic phloem cells, enlargement of nuclei and nucleoli in surviving cells, increased mitotic activity, thickening of phloem cell walls, formation of short and irregularly shaped wound sieve elements (often with side-wall sieve plates), accelerated chloroplast maturation and formation of abnormally large starch grains, and generation of phloem transfer cells from companion cells. Aniline blue staining of callose in sieve elements revealed that wound sieve tubes circumvented damaged phloem by 8 days after leafhopper-induced injury. These new sieve tubes often developed in the interfascicular area adjacent to the wounded bundles.Key words: plant wound response, wound phloem, sieve element, transfer cell, leafhopper feeding, Empoasca fabae, Medicago sativa.

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Zhang, Yujie, Wenlong Chen, Ming Li, Lin Yang, and Xiangsheng Chen. "Cloning, phylogenetic research, and prokaryotic expression study of the metabolic detoxification gene EoGSTs1 in Empoasca onukii Matsuda." PeerJ 7 (September 6, 2019): e7641. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7641.

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Due to the misuse of chemical pesticides, small green leafhoppers (Empoasca onukii Matsuda) have developed resistance to pesticides, thereby posing a serious problem to the tea industry. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are an important family of enzymes that are involved in pesticide resistance in Empoasca onukii Matsuda. Empoasca onukii GST sigma 1 (EoGSTs1, GenBank: MK443501) is a member of the GST family. In this study, the full-length cDNA of EoGSTs1 was cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and its taxonomic identity was examined. Furthermore, we performed bioinformatics and phylogenetic analyses of the gene and structural and functional domain prediction of the protein. The results demonstrate that EoGSTS1 belongs to the Sigma family of GSTs; the full-length EoGSTs1 cDNA is 841 bp with a 624-bp coding region that encodes a 23.68932-kDa protein containing 207 amino acids. The theoretical isoelectric point (IEP) was calculated to be 6.00. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that EoGSTS1 is closely related to the Sub psaltriayangi subfamily of the Cicadoidea superfamily in order Hemiptera, whereas it is distantly related to Periplaneta americana of order Blattodea. Amino acid sequence alignment of EoGSTS1 and GSTs from four other insects of order Hemiptera revealed protein sequence conservation. Tertiary structure analysis and structural domain functional predictions of the protein revealed that EoGSTS1 contains nine α helices and two β sheets with one conserved GST domain. The results of enzyme activity assay showed that recombinant EoGSTs1 (rEoGSTs1) protein had catalytic activity for substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and exhibited the highest activity at pH 7 and 25 °C. The Michaelis constant Km of rEoGSTs1 protein was 0.07782 ± 0.01990 mmol/L, and the maximum reaction rate Vmax was 12.15 ± 1.673 µmol/min⋅mg. Our study clarified the taxonomic identity of small green leafhopper EoGSTs1 and revealed some properties of the gene and its encoded protein sequence. According to the catalytic activity of the rEoGSTs1 enzyme on the model substrate CDNB, we infer that it functions in the degradation of exogenous substances.

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Ecale, Carol L., and Elaine A. Backus. "A Characteristic Body Posture of the Potato Leafhopper is Correlated with Probing." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.4.490.

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Electronic monitoring was combined with video observation in order to determine whether a characteristic body posture of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), indicated probing. Styet probing was strongly correlated with (r > 0.99) and could be accurately predicted by a characteristic body posture. We describe a technique whereby video observation, alone, can be used to apply standardized pulses of leafhopper probing injury to plants.

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39

Xavier, Francisca Arila Maciel de Souza, João Gutemberg Leite Moraes, Marcos Levi Saraiva Silva, Rufino Barreto de Matos Neto, Damila de Oliveira Firmino, Gleidson Vieira Marques, and Ervino Bleicher. "Comportamento de genótipos de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., Fabaceae) sob infestação de Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) e Liriomyza sp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) em Redenção, Ceará, Brasil." Paubrasilia 3, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33447/paubrasilia.v3i1.21.

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O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) é uma fabácea utilizada como fonte alimentar em diversos países da África, Ásia e Américas. Objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, avaliar o comportamento de genótipos de feijão-caupi ao ataque de cigarrinha-verde (Empoasca sp.) e de minador (Liriomyza sp.). O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Piroás da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (Unilab), nos meses de agosto a outubro de 2018, onde se utilizou o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com 15 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Para a cigarrinha, foi avaliado o número de indivíduos por planta na parcela útil, aleatoriamente, uma vez na semana, ao longo de nove semanas. Já para a minadora, foi avaliada a frequência de minas, na parcela útil e ao acaso, ao longo de quatro semanas. Os dados acumulados na última amostragem foram transformados [(x + 0,5)1/2] e submetidos à análise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott. Os genótipos BRS Juruá, BRS Marataoã, Rabo de Soin, BRS Guariba, BR 17 Gurguéia, BRS Xiquexique, BRS Potengi, BRS Aracê, BRS Cauamé, BRS Imponente, BRS Itaim, BRS Tumucumaque e Vita-7 foram menos suscetíveis ao ataque de Empoasca sp., enquanto que BRS Aracê, Rabo de Soin e Vita-7 foram menos atacados por Liriomyza sp.

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40

Isenhour, David J. "EFFICACY OF INSECTICIDES AGAINST SPISSISTILUS FESTINUS (SAY),1 EMPOASCA FABAE (HARRIS),2 AND LYGUS LINEOLARIS (PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS)3 IN ALFALFA IN GEORGIA4." Journal of Entomological Science 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-20.1.121.

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Eleven insecticides were evaluated against the threecornered alfalfa hopper, Spissistilus festinus (Say), the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), and the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), in alfalfa. Control of S. festinus was extended to 28 d post-treatment with a single application of cypermethrin applied to the alfalfa stubble. Control of E. fabae was achieved with the majority of the insecticides evaluated, but control of L. lineolaris was more difficult to obtain.

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41

Brisco, Elizabeth I., Timothy G. Porch, Perry B. Cregan, and James D. Kelly. "Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Resistance to Empoasca in Common Bean." Crop Science 54, no. 6 (November 2014): 2509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2014.02.0159.

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42

Yamashita, Koji, Isao Muramatsu, and Koji Fukunaga. "Effects of several insecticides on tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii Matsuda." Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society 53 (2011): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4165/kapps.53.95.

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43

CABRAL, Maria Jéssica dos Santos, and Rodrigo Almeida PINHEIRO. "Bioactivity of Neem oil in leafhopper nymphs Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)." Revista Ambientale 12, no. 3 (October 27, 2020): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34032/ambientale.v12i3.227.

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A cigarrinha-verde Empoasca kraemeri (Ross e Moore, 1957) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), tem sido relatada como uma das principais pragas que atacam I. batatas. O Neem Azadirachta indica é uma alternativa viável no controle de insetos pragas, pois é um produto natural, não polui o meio ambiente e não causa resistência. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a bioatividade do óleo de Neem sobre ninfas de E. kraemeri. Para constatação do efeito folhas de Ipomea batatas foram pulverizados nas concentrações 6,0; 3,0; 1,5; 0,75 e 0,25 ul l-1. Foram fornecidas a ninfas e as testemunhas foram pulverizadas com água destilada. O experimento foi mantido, em laboratório, a 25 ± 2°C; UR de 50 ± 10% e fotofase de 12 h. O período de incubação, para todos os tratamentos inclusive as testemunhas, foi de três dias. As concentrações 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 ul foram as que atingiram mortalidade de 92%, 100% e 100% nas ninfas de E. kraemeri, demonstrando o potencial da Azadirachta indica para controle da cigarrinha. Portanto, conclui-se que, o óleo de Neem ocasionou significativa mortalidade sobre as ninfas de Cigarrinha E. kraemeri .

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44

LEITE, L. G., S. B. ALVES, S. P. WRAIGHT, S. GALAINI-WRAIGHT, and D. W. ROBERTS. "HABILIDADE DE INFECÇÃO DE ISOLADOS DE Zoophthora radicans SOBRE Empoasca kraemeri." Scientia Agricola 53, no. 1 (January 1996): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161996000100022.

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Foram analisados e comparados os processos de germinação e habilidade de infecção dos isolados ARS-1590, ARS-1261 e ARS-1229 de Zoophthora radicans (Brefeld) Batko sobre ninfas do 5º ínstar de Empoasca kraemeri (Hoss & Moore) em ambiente de 20°C e 100% de umidade relativa. A formação de apressório e penetração dos isolados iniciaram-se dentro do período de seis horas após a inoculação. As penetrações dos isolados ocorreram em maior proporção no abdome, seguido do tórax e cabeça do inseto, tendo sido mais frequente nas membranas do corpo do que nos escleritos.

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45

Butler, G. D., F. D. Wilson, and G. Fishler. "Cotton leaf trichomes and populations of Empoasca lybica and Bemisia tabaci." Crop Protection 10, no. 6 (December 1991): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(91)80117-x.

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46

Taylor, P. S., E. J. Shields, and J. I. Davis. "Empoasca fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Identification and Population Studies with Allozyme Electrophoresis." Environmental Entomology 24, no. 5 (October 1, 1995): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/24.5.1109.

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47

Flinn, P. W., A. A. Hower, and D. P. Knievel. "Physiological Response of Alfalfa to Injury by Empoasca fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)." Environmental Entomology 19, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.1.176.

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48

Lamp, William O. "Reduced Empoasca fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Density in Oat–Alfalfa Intercrop Systems." Environmental Entomology 20, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/20.1.118.

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49

De Medeiros, Ane H., Ward M. Tingey, and Walter S. De Jong. "Mechanisms of resistance to potato leafhopper,Empoasca fabae (Harris), in potato." American Journal of Potato Research 81, no. 6 (November 2004): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02870204.

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50

DeLay, Bridget, Praveen Mamidala, Asela Wijeratne, Saranga Wijeratne, Omprakash Mittapalli, Jian Wang, and William Lamp. "Transcriptome analysis of the salivary glands of potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae." Journal of Insect Physiology 58, no. 12 (December 2012): 1626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.10.002.

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