Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Emprunt linguistique'
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Christou, Sotiroula. "L' emprunt linguistique en Grec Chypriote." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA131007.
Full textKamal, Boles Mikhael Ayman. "L’emprunt aux langues étrangères en arabe égyptien moderne et contemporain : Aspects linguistiques, historiques et identitaires." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030086.
Full textThis study consists of five parts. In the first part, we talk about the historical and linguistic aspects of Egypt, Egyptian Arabic dialects and the sociolinguistic context in Egypt. In the second part, we consider the concept of borrowing, borrowing motivation, the language of the youth and the evolution of borrowing. In the third part, we talk about the identification criteria of existing borrowings in Egyptian Arabic and special cases of borrowing. In the fourth part, we give the results of a survey from Egyptians informants. In the fifth and final part, we talk about phonetic, phonological and semantic integration of the borrowed terms and their phonological correspondences, problematic cases of borrowing, fields and causes of disappearance of certain words. First, we study the loan in a theoretical way by trying to answer the following questions: what do we borrow? In which domain? What kind of words? From whom? Why? How? Under what circumstances? Second, we intend to understand the mechanism of semantic and phonological borrowings. On the one hand, semantically, we set out and identified the sources of borrowings (25 languages). Thereafter, we conduct a thorough and systematic verification of all borrowed words or expressions in specialized dictionaries. Approximately 1825 borrowed words or phrases were found in daily exchanges (which represent the majority of the loans from foreign languages existing in Egyptian Arabic). On the other hand, phonetically, we made an analysis of all foreign phonemes and their reflexes in Egyptian Arabic. Furthermore, we watched closely and in an orderly manner the use of these words. We also looked at their semantic evolution (which is always the rule) in comparison to the correspondent term in the original language and to their phonological adaptation. In addition, we looked for the differences that exist in some of the various Egyptian dialects. Because a word is not borrowed in a single form, it sometimes has several variants, according to the circumstances, the place, and the time of the loan or borrowing of the language derivative. To achieve this thesis, we consulted the works that are made in this field. We used journalistic corpora, traditional media (radio and television), social media (Facebook, Windows Live Messenger, Yahoo Messenger, as well as online forums) and Internet. In addition, we conducted oral surveys on some very common borrowing in the local environment because such studies are of interest only if they are based on field surveys. We organized several meetings with Egyptians for this purpose
Dieme, Jean Felix. "La terminologie en droit constitutionnel: une etude contrastive des versions en français et en Wolof de la constitution senegalaise." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10784.
Full textCe présent travail de recherche se veut de proposer un modèle de base de données terminologique bilingue (français - wolof) dans le domaine du droit constitutionnel permettant de mettre sur place un outil précieux à la traduction et à la rédaction technique. Ce travail est motivé par l’inexistence de ressources terminologiques en langue wolof pouvant répondre aux besoins de certains acteurs socioprofessionnels tels que les traducteurs, les rédacteurs techniques, les juristes, les étudiants, voire même les hommes politiques, etc. Sur la base d’une étude contrastive des deux versions de la Constitution sénégalaise, nous focalisons notre réflexion sur la description et sur l’établissement des équivalences linguistique et conceptuelle des termes du droit constitutionnel entre langue française et wolof.
Jmil, Fethi. "Les emprunts lexicaux dans le Coran entre l’approche linguistique et l’approche idéologique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20005.
Full textThe issue of “lexical borrowings in The Quran” is one of the first issues that had emerged since the beginning of the Arabic linguistic thought. Unfortunately, this issue was fruitless compared to other linguistic researches, because it has always been a subject of a great polemic among ancient and modern Arabic and non Arabic scholars. Some denied the fact that The Quran contains lexical borrowings, others admitted it. Many scholars were pushed by ideological motivations such as religious, nationalist, social, cultural motivations, especially those who denied the phenomenon.In this work, we tried first to evoke main linguistic and extra- linguistic problems concerning lexical borrowing in general, and the study of this phenomenon in the Quran especially. Then, we studied the two main approaches: (1) ideological approach which denies the existence of lexical borrowings in the Quran, or which admits it and tries meanwhile to glorify some languages and dishonour some others, (linguistic approach and its phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic analyses. After studying different approaches and their development, interference and interaction, we have elaborated a socio-linguistic perspective associated with some linguistic, referential and cultural criteria which allowed us to distinguish between two types of quranic words: words that we consider as real lexical borrowings, and genuine Arabic words. This study does not only shed the light on some ideological motivations which have affected linguistic research, but it also provides a crucial critical review of borrowing studies
Pypaert, Nicole. "Les italianismes culinaires dans la langue française : la philologie numérique au service de la lexicographie historique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL110.
Full textResearch on linguistic borrowing has long been dominated, in France as elsewhere, by the synchronic sociolinguistics paradigm in which it has taken shape, but has recently made significant progress, notably thanks to the promising results obtained by works combining the synchronic methods of sociolinguistics with a meticulous historical-philological approach, observant of both internal and external factors at play in a language contact situation. It is precisely along the lines of these works that our research aims to follow. The current state of knowledge on French culinary Italianisms would greatly benefit from such an in-depth study, since the lexicographical description of these lexical units is still mostly limited to etymological considerations. Our work aims at completing the description of language, as it is represented in lexicography, with the observation of its use in discourse(s), by exploiting the richness of textual databases, which make it now possible to trace more faithfully, and more easily, the evolution of language in time and space, and thereby to provide a better lexicographical description
Diatta, Mady Edouard. "L'emprunt lexical dans la langue espagnole actuelle : le cas de l'anglicisme et du gallicisme dans le domaine du sport." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0144.
Full textAware of borrowings (process and result), we notice that it often aims at restoring a balance between two languages (a kind of linguistic osmosis), when one of them is richer in a given field. Aware that it fills a lexical gap or brings additional prestige when it comes to appointing a specific referent, we wish to focus on a promising area (popular and highly mediatized): sport. Our initial researches reveal that this area has only been partially studied and is beginning to be dated. Therefore, this will involve carrying out a study on lexical borrowings in the current Spanish language used in sport. We wish to highlight the significant role of anglicism and gallicism in the Spanish language today. We would like to focus on sports vocabulary. We intend to highlight the extent phenomenon and draw up a sort of accurate analysis. Gallicism and anglicism have long been attested in Spanish, but the exclusive domain of sport has never benefited from a comprehensive study. However, it seems propitious to the integration of exogenous terms. Hapax, speech production or neologisms with a long term ending up integrating the general language, these borrowings of one day or always will be the subject of a formal study (evolution of graphic and phonological significant, morphology with in particular a gender fluctuation), semantics (restriction, extension or use of original sense) and thematics (source of the borrowings). It will be a question of inventorying the phenomenon to be observed in a determined corpus (the generalist daily sports newspaper Marca in its paper and digital version for two years 2015-2016). Marca is the Spanish most important sport press in terms of prints. The terms listed can then be analysed in greater detail (the first appearance, the reasons of the borrowings, the adaptations of the significant and the signified, assimilation by descriptive, normative lexicography, the study of frequency [ Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual de la Real Academia]. The specific areas will allow us to identify huge influences of both languages English and French in some sports that we will try to explain (the beginning of each sport, its popularity, its entry channel in Spain). Furthermore, we will try to compare the presence of such anglicisms and gallicisms in other languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, in order to determine whether these borrowings are in the process of becoming internationalisms. We can even, in the light of some researches of the past and current trends, try to highlight the sports (emergent sports or which are being popularised) that will provide the borrowings of tomorrow
Réveilhac, Florian. "Contact linguistique et emprunts onomastiques entre grec et lycien : apports à la phonétique et à la morphologie." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL120.
Full textAncient Lycia, a polyglossian area located on the south-western coast of Asia Minor, was a place of contact, especially between Lycian and Greek. The Lycian language, which belongs to the Anatolian group of Indo-European languages, is documented in about two hundred inscriptions and on coins dating from the 5th and 4th centuries B.C. From the 3rd century onwards, Greek became predominant in the region, at least in writing, to the detriment of the local language. However, indigenous names persisted in Lycia until the first centuries A.D., as evidenced by the large number of Lycian personal names found in Greek inscriptions from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. This dissertation therefore studies the contact between Lycian and Greek, drawing on reciprocal name borrowings, with four main objectives. The first one is to collect all the Lycian names from sources in Lycian and in Greek, in order to give a complete repertoire. We then offer a phonological and phonetic description of Lycian, based on the identified name equivalences, while also addressing specific problems such as that of geminated consonants. The third objective is to examine the different formations used in Lycian personal names — one stem names, two stem names, shortened compounds, Satznamen, or unanalysable names — and the lexemes used. Lastly, we study the morphological processes of the borrowing of foreign names in Lycian, but most of all in Greek, where several suffixes are used
Moutari, Mahaman Sabo. "Les emprunts arabes en hausa dans l'oeuvre poétique de Nana Asma'u (1792-1864) : étude linguistique et statistique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30026/document.
Full textThe incursion of Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa from the 19th Century was operated through trans-Saharan commerce between the peoples of North Africa and those of the Sahel. This contact, maintained by the commercial caravans of these two peoples engendered the progressive islamisation of the Hausa-speaking populations. Under the influence of Arabic, several terms were introduced into Hausa lexicon. This Islamic effect comes with a revolution in the production of Arabic-Ajami literature. Thanks to the adaptation of Ajami writing, Nana Asma’u, a renowned polyglot, wrote several poetic works in the 18th Century, most of which are in the Hausa, Fulfulde and Arabic languages. On the basis of these observations, this thesis proposes to analyse the borrowed Arabic lexicon in the poetic works of the author, and their integration into the Hausa language. From the methodological perspective, our research work relies on a combination of two methods: linguistic and statistical; which enable us to analyse all the phenomena relating to linguistic and cultural hybridization in the works of Nana Asma’u. Our corpus is made up of poetic works that we have first of all lemmatized using statistical calculations with the help of Excel software. The principal results, obtained in the form graphs, indicate a frequency of very high usage of words borrowed from Arabic. The association of the linguistic and computer analyses enabled us to confirm, in a formal and impartial manner, that most of the frequent borrowings fall under religious domains, and as such linked to situational vocabulary
IRAQUI, (ép SINACEUR) ZAKIA. "Etude lexicale des parlers arabes marocains." Paris 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA030068.
Full textLexical study of moroccan arabic on the basis of an important corpus, the g. S. Colin's file containing more than 5000 roots and some oral research. The structure of moroccan arabic is based on the root-pattern intercrossing and the use of a set of suffixes generating new forms. Examination of triliteral roots with all the patterns that have been detected by the systematic analysis of the eleven letters of the file. The study of each pattern refers to classical arabic considered as a standard. The lexicon of moroccan arabic consists of classical words which have followed some of laws of linguistic evolution. The contact of the dialect with other languages have resulted in the appearance of many foreign terms. Berber, turkish, spanish and french borrowings have been perfectly assimilated, cast into arabic moulds and submitted to the morphological laws of the receiving language: derivation, formation of plurals, diminutives. They have sometimes given birth to new roots. Sets of patterns corresponding to specific categories: masdars, adjectives, participles, trade nouns, plurals and diminutives can be brought to light in the lexicon. Moroccan arabic is undergoing a major change, not only lexical, but also phonological under the influence of mass media and arabicized education
Rustom-Ozone, Nisrine. "Problématiques de l'emprunt et problèmes de traduction : études de cas entre langues arabe et française." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30077/document.
Full textTwo notions will train this study: the linguistic loanword at first and the translation then. To approach them, we shall be interested in theoretical problems bound in semantic lexical and discursive to loosen the theoretical frames executives of these two subjects by taking support on authentic examples in both languages (French and Arabic). First of all we will wonder on the exact role of the loanword in the complex mechanism of the language. We shall begin to put the data of the problem, first of all, at the lexicological level where the contact will be made between the words and their morphosyntactic equivalents in the other language; it is the easiest case to analyze. Then, our analysis will widen at the discursive level, there, the speech will be faced in its complexity. Contrary to a generally accepted idea of the structuralism which presents the language as a static body, it is a changeable system which restores ceaselessly its damaged internal balances. Our analysis will be based on the praxématique theory which states that the reality and the language are inseparable. The loanword is a proof by its existence and its preservation that a new reality exists, since it consists in using a new element to characterize this very reality. Through the problems of the linguistic loan, we thus find problems connected to the language, to the lexicon and to the speech. Because the loan is the passage of the lexicon of a linguistic area to the other one, it also raises all the fundamental problems of the translation: here the discursive analysis is directly concerned. We shall thus be interested in the problem of the contacts of the languages, on the one hand, to the plan shot of the minimal unit which is the word, and on the other hand, to that of its updating in speech which is in the heart of the problem of the production of the sense direction
Lovecchio, Nicholas. "L’emprunt linguistique dans le lexique des homosexualités : étude historique et comparative des internationalismes en français, italien, espagnol, anglais et allemand." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL034.
Full textThis thesis is a linguistic study of the international lexicon of homosexuality, taking as its central assumption that internationalisms are the product of lexical borrowing and must be studied in a historical comparative perspective. Following a critical review of different approaches to loanword studies (philological vs. sociolinguistic), which places the problem within the more general realm of the neologism, the aim was to assess to what extent the shared homosexual lexicon in several European languages – French, Italian, Spanish, English and German – results from borrowing (loanwords or calques), by testing the hypothesis that most of these denominations can be traced back to a single origin, rather than being independently constructed. The path of each lexeme in each language is followed in order to highlight the points of contact between languages. The nomenclature consists of 13 monographic series: sodomy, against nature, buggery, bardash (with berdache), tribade, pederasty, sapphism, lesbian, uranism, inversion, homosexuality (with heterosexuality, bisexuality, transsexuality), gay, queer. Each series is divided by language so that the representatives of each of the five languages are treated on their own terms. Through a wealth of textual examples – many never before studied – and an analysis drawing on a comprehensive reading of the lexicography and major secondary sources, this thesis presents numerous corrections, clarifications, antedatings and discoveries on the lexicon under study
Martin, Élodie. "A Sociolinguistic Comparison of the French and Anglo-Saxon Cultures : from codeswitched substantives to borrowings : the issue of grammatical gender." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3054/document.
Full textGrammatical gender attribution is quite a difficult notion to logically explain in French, due to the fact that it is, most of the time, arbitrary. This PhD thesis aims to theorise the grammatical gender allocated to codeswitched and borrowed substantives from English to French. Codeswitching and borrowing being generally considered as two distinct linguistic phenomena, since the former is an individual phenomenon, while the latter is a collective phenomenon, the second objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the existence of a codeswitching – borrowing continuum. Throughout three chapters, key concepts are firstly presented to lay the foundation of the thesis. Then, the main notions characterising codeswitching and borrowing are detailed – which naturally opposes these two linguistic devices – in order to eventually analyse them as a continuum, when hypothesising grammatical gender attribution. The last chapter devoted to case studies, and more precisely to the analysis of four different corpora, confirms the hypotheses exposed in the two previous chapters, and enables to classify them into five categories to explain grammatical gender attribution. These categories represent extralinguistic, interlinguistic, metalinguistic, both interlinguistic and metalinguistic, and grammatical reasons. Results on the percentages of feminine and masculine substantives, as well as the reasons explaining the grammatical gender allocated to codeswitched substantives, optional borrowings, and compulsory borrowings are displayed through graphs so that their interpretation is clearer, more objective, and more scientific. Additionally, the existence of a codeswitching – borrowing continuum is therefore demonstrated through the explanation of grammatical gender attribution, linking codeswitching with optional borrowing, as well as through the process of lexicalisation, in which codeswitching is the starting point of the chain, leading to optional borrowing. As for compulsory borrowing, connecting it with codeswitching is not that obvious considering that they do not share common features compared with optional borrowing
Petras, Anca Cristina. "Les emprunts et la dynamique linguistique." Avignon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AVIG1055.
Full textDeveloping from an oral corpus of 28 broadcasts recordings, the aims and the scientific objectives of my PhD thesis were &) to analyze the linguistic change in a situation of linguistic contact and a) to analyze linguistic contact as an essential particularity of Nova Scotian Acadian French variety. The mechanisms explaining the phenomena of linguistic contact ared described as follows : (a) reconstruction of linguistic paradigms in the case of the discourse markers ; (b) desemantization and category change (relative pronoun which) ; (c) relexicalization of a lexical borrowing (wellment) ; (d) semantic enrichment of a lexical borrowing (back). These are all examples of lexical borrowing. The convergence as a mechanism explaining those linguistic contact phenomena could only be documented once (markers comme/manière (de). The results of my analysis, as well as the comparison between the Southwestern Acadian community of Nova Scotia and other Acadian communities, allows me to advance the hypothesis, suggesting that the linguistic contact does not lead to linguistic attrition and assimilation, but it rather shows the development of a bilingual identity, doubled by a revival of the francophone culture. Secondly, the phenomena explored in the framework of the research undertaken cannot be explained by the presence of group norms, proving that social values cannot be related to specific linguistic phenomena. An explanation for the linguistic dynamic and borrowings can be given by taking into account the presence of linguistic factors, as the instant need of communication, the need of contrast between different discursive levels, between different levels of information (main information/secondary information), presence of the same linguistic principles, and the relationship between the languages in contact
Kalantarova, Tarana. "Le fond français dans le lexique azerbaïdjanais." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC013.
Full textAzerbaijani language, like all living languages, does not escape the linguistic exchanges. The modern Azerbaijani also demonstrate its ability to adapt to social, economic, political, technological or scientific. To serve effectively in communicating in specific contexts and styling with precision the new realities, it creates but also borrows new lexical units. Borrowing the words of French origin in the Azerbaijani vocabulary is an ongoing process since it is still ongoing and is becoming more common in the age of globalization. This thesis explores the background in the French lexicon Azerbaijani while insisting on possible adaptations, modifications or assimilation : semantic, grammatical, graphic, phonological. Half of those words that settle in the language, enrich and simply become necessary for speech are part of everyday life. This is thanks to the survey of users of the Azerbaijani language we can see various aspects of the use of these words travelers
Diansonsisa, Nestor. "Grammaire de l’alternance du français et du kikongo dans l’oeuvre narrative de Zamenga Batukezanga." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0047.
Full textOur thesis is a quest for formal grammar governing code switchin. For this, we have registered our reflexion in a structuralist framework and analyze the frakongo statements from the alternation of French and kikongo in the word of the Congolese writer Zamenga Batukezanga. These analyses were done using the MLF (Matrix Language Frame), a heuristic tool developed by Carol Myers-Scotton to describe bilingual statements. Limited, for pratical reasons, only to statements from the interbreeding of French and kikongo, a variety of code switching French - kikongo, our analyzes showed that this grammar exists, based on these three principles: the frakongo statements are built on the model of French grammar, their matrix language; French words are in no way influenced by the presence of kikongo words and have in accordance with French grammar; the kikongo words are however frenchified morphologically, graphically, morphosyntactically and syntactically. The first part of our thesis is a theoretical approche and the second, a pratical approch
Giorgini, Chiara. "Le design francophone parle-t-il anglais? Analyse des anglicismes et des néologismes dans deux corpus de presse française et québécoise dans le domaine du design." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23969/.
Full textBerk-Bozdemir, Cybèle. "Les emprunts linguistiques entre le français et le turc." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030095.
Full textThis ph. D. Thesis aims at analysing linguistic exchanges -essentially lexicalbetween french and turkish, which have occured since the encounter of the two civilisations in the xvith century. Loanwords from french into turkish as is underlined in this thesis, stretch on a long period. The longlasting phenomenon has been large scale (4 231 items), permanent and it has resisted the onslaugt of time as well as the english language. On the other hand, french loanwords embody a modest contribution in term of numbers (66 words in actual french), they are quite ancient (xvith-xixth century) and without any predictible perspective of evolution. After a long historical study of the loan phenomenon in the first part, a global analysis on the linguistic level has been realised. The second part, devoted to the interferences property speaking, exposes specific problems of survey methods which allowed the constitution and classification of the corpus and data, and examines the different forms of loan-integration in turkish : graphical, phonetical, morpho-syntaxical and semantical alterations
Dotte, Anne-Laure. "Le iaai aujourd'hui : Évolutions sociolinguistiques et linguistiques d'une langue kanak de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Ouvéa, Iles Loyauté)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20107/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis describes the current situation of Iaai (an Oceanic language from the Austronesian family) and provides an analysis of its dynamics. As a minority Kanak language of New Caledonia, engaged in a process of intense contact with French, Iaai is experiencing significant changes both on a linguistic and sociolinguistic aspect. This thesis adopts an approach that is both dual and complementary. On the one hand, it offers an evaluation of modern Iaai’s sociolinguistic vitality, crossing different factors from the social and ethno-linguistic context together with the high variety of speakers, typical of endangered languages. On the other hand, the analysis focuses on language change by addressing three particularly interesting themes in Iaai: (i) evolution in the system of possessive classifiers; (ii) strategies of neology and of modernization of the lexicon; (iii) the particular case of verbal borrowings. The study of these changes is based on the linguistic description of Iaai made by Françoise Ozanne-Rivierre (1976, 1984) which is compared with modern data collected during three fieldworks conducted in Ouvea since 2009, as well as through sustained collaboration with a native speaker informant in Lyon. Finally, this research highlights the intertwining of different dynamics in Iaai between modernization, obsolescence and linguistic resilience
Trociuk, Agata Helena. "Pour une approche linguistique des recherches identitaires dans le roman québécois contemporain." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0024/document.
Full textThis doctoral degree dissertation has been written for a joint PhD, established between the Université de Limoges and the Université de Montréal. We examine four contemporary Quebecois novels: Myriam Beaudoin’s Hadassa, Éric Dupont’s La Logeuse, Abla Farhoud’s Le Fou d’Omar and Mauricio Segura’s Côte-des-Nègres. The novels were published in Montreal between 1998 and 2006. The most important objective is the study of the link between the heterolingualism of the Quebecois novel during the years 1995-2010 and the linguistic practice of the protagonists. We place literary heroes at the heart of our research. We make an interpretation by induction, as we decrypt the worldview of this literary heroes from the linguistic practice. This will allow us to determine the factors that could motivate the change of register and variety of language in specific situations. We use literary, linguistic and sociolinguistic methods. The analysis of the diegesis is based on Gérard Genette’s narratology theory. We use Philippe Hamon’s five differentiation processes and Boris Tomashevsky’s two individualization processes to establish the hierarchy of the literary characters. The results of the analysis of the diegesis are reproduced on a diagram. This type of diagram is our creation. Rainier Grutman define the heterolingualism like “the use of foreign languages or social, regional and historical varieties in literary texts” (translated by Nicole Nolette). We refer to the works of Rainier Grutman (1997) and Chantal Richard (2004) to analyse the form and function of hetorolingualism in our corpus. A sociolinguistic approach is based on Shana Poplack’s works and her variationist model of code switching and of borrowing (1988)
Soumare, Issa. "L'emprunt linguistique en fulfulde." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1027.
Full textKotob, Hayssam. "Étude comparée de l'emprunt en arabe libanais et en arabe littéral." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1030.
Full textEl, Shafey Ezzat. "Codes linguistiques et alternance de codes chez les immigrants égyptiens en France." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL071.
Full textThis thesis analyses for the first time the language practices of the growing community of Egyptian immigrants in France. The morphosyntactical analysis is made in the framework of insertional theory Matrix Language Frame of Myers-Scotton (1993, 1997 and 2000). We find that the Egyptians of the first generation resort to code switching without realizing it or recognizing it while those of second generation are aware of the linguistic characteristics of the language contact. Furthermore, the Egyptian woman, with her role of maintaining Arabic with her children, finds her femininity in learning French and therefore she plays an important role in the practice of code switching within the family. The reasons of the code switching in the Egyptian community are varied, for example, the quotation or the reported speech ; the designation of an interlocutor by integrating into a group an interlocutor kept apart ; the humor that particularly characterizes the Egyptians of the first generation ; the spontaneity and the precision by opting directly for the most immediately available lexeme even if it is in a different language than the rest of the communication. Our informants of the first generation use morphological procedures to simplify the use of French words having sounds that don’t exist in Egyptian Arabic or those that consist of more than three syllables. We use the characteristics of this language contact to help Egyptian students newlly arrived to succeed in their schooling and integrate into the French society through the mastering of French language
El, Mortaji El Mostafa. "Etudes de quelques aspects de la langue arabe et du "muʾarrab" dans le Coran : approche sociolinguistique." Bordeaux 3, 2002. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2002BOR30055.
Full textThe "muʿarrab" of Koran is a thorny question which remains the favourate subject upon which there has always been difference between the linguists and the "fuqahā'. The Koran, a sacred book, a wonder of the prophet Muhammad and the arabic expression, does it contain foreign words ? Here three trends of opinions can be drawn : first there are those who deny any presence of foreign words in Koran, in as much as this presence expels the muslims secred book from the cercle of "al-igaz". On the other hand such presence does not go with the content and literal meaning of the koranic verse (. . . ). Others go in that the presence of foreign words in the muslims sacred book doesn't affect "al-igaz" of the Koran at any way. The third trend of opinions estimates that there foreign words had been used before by the arabs ; and there fore the because a part of the arabic lexicon. The dissertation within hands aims tackling this question from different angles among which : rooting, morphology, and the meaning of the loan words in the Koran
Vendelin, Inga. "Adaptation des emprunts : une approche psycholinguistique." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/124494331#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textIn this thesis I test the hypothesis as to which loanword adaptations result from an evaluation of acoustic distance between non-native structures and phonotactically legal native structures, i. E. From a process of perceptual assimilation. Two aspects of this process have been demonstrated: (a) the sensibility of online adaptations to the fine-grained phonetic detail of the source language, which was shown by testing the perception of French and English /n/-final words by Japanese speakers; (b) the sensibility of online adaptations to the presentation mode (auditif vs visual) of new non-native words, which was shown on the basis of online adaptations of English vowels by French speakers. Moreover, I have found evidence for a link between the presence of non-adaptations in the target language and the capacity of its speakers to correctly discriminate related contrasts in the source language. Finally, a model of perceptual adaptation of non-native structures is proposed
Vendelin, Inga Peperkamp Sharon. "Adaptation des emprunts une approche psycholinguistique /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/VendelinThese.pdf.
Full textAfkhami, Aghda Ali. "Etude sociolinguistique sur l'Iran actuel : le vocabulaire socio-politique emprunté au vocabulaire religieux." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07A008.
Full textAttigui, Mohamed. "Les mots arabes en hébreu moderne et vice-versa." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082632.
Full textThe thesis was divided in three parts, the first is theoretical as for second and third parts are practical. The first part divided in six chapters, it processes characteristics and covers it the two languages since the rebirth until the modernisation. In following chapters, we have studied the similarity and differences in the evolution of the two languages and the linguistic situation in Israel. The second part is composed of four chapters, they study the different loanwords introduced in Hebrew, with a semantic, phonetic and morphological analysis. The third part is reserved to Hebrew words in Arabic. After the Hebrew words study that are find in the Koran, We divide the loanwords in Arabic in several semantics fields and analyzed it semantically, phonetically and syntactically
LEVY, SIMON. "Parlers arabes des juifs du maroc : particularites et emprunts. (histoire, socio-linguistique, geographie dialectale)." Paris 8, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080520.
Full textUntil the 1950s, the jews of morocco used to speak judeo-arabic, judeo-berber, or judeo-spanish (hakitiya) according to their areas of living. The judeoberber disapeared in the past forty years. The "hakitiya" has lost ist particularities. The judeo-arabic dialectal forms are modalities of the pre-hilalian dialectal arabic. They have phonetic, morphological and lexical specificities. We found part ofthose phonetic and morphological particularities in prehilalian dialects. The texts, interviews and lexical questionnaires on which my research is based date from 1972-1974. I focused my work on the conditions of settlement of jewish communities and the ways those dialectal forms appeared. To what extent have the periods of vilingualism 8arabic berber; arabic spanish arabic french) had an effect upon those dialectal forms? according to the phonetics, we can destinguish three groups of jewish dialectal forms: 1 : fes, meknes, rabat-sale, seffou. 2 : tafilalt, wad dra, debdou. 3 : marrakech, essaouira, safi, el jadida, azemmour. This works divides into three parts and a glossary 1 : history of the jewish peopling. 2 : phonetics and morphology. . 3 : lexical particularities and berber, hebrew, spanish (english) and french borrowings. 4 - glossary of 1750 specific words with etymology and geographical locality
Qi, Chong. "Néologie et terminologie : analyse et classification des emprunts lexicaux en chinois." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHESA020.
Full textDeme, Abdoulaye. "Les emprunts linguistiques du wolof à l'arabe (contribution à la lexicologie du wolof)." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H007.
Full textThe present work, concerning linguistic borrowings from arabic to wolof, aims at bringing forward the origin as well as the significance of borrowings. With this object, beginning with a historical presentation, we proceeded towards an analysis of the phenomena which have given way to borrowings, more specifically the phenomenon of interaction between people of different language groups. Interaction with arab allowed wolofs to encounter a culture with a literary tradition. The contact between the oral and the written language led to the conception and elaboration of written wolof (wolofal). We have undertaken a linguistic analysis of borrowings on the phonetical level to observe how a wolof speaker would pronounce an arabic phoneme non-existant in his own language. On the morphological level we have examined how these loanwords have been assimilated in the language and how they combine with morphemes specific to wolof. We have included a semantic study of borrowings as well, which throws light on their original meaning
Amadou, Sanni Wahab. "Etude comparative des emprunts à l'anglais et au français en Yoruba." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO20061.
Full textSpoken in certain areas of nigeria, republic of benin and togo by approximatively twenty five millions native speakers, yoruba laguage has considerably borrowed from english and french, bots official languanges of the above three countries. The stocklist of yoruba loan-works in these two europeen languages amounts to one thousand seven hundred and eighteen items. They can be classified as follow : english : one thousand two hundred and seventy seven loan-words. French : four hundred and fourty one loan-words. Borrowing is a well-known phenomenon to all modern languages. As a doubleedged knife, lexical borrowing constitutes an innovation or a renovation only when it occurs consciously and freely, otherwise it become sources of linguistic and cultural alienation. Yoruba loan-works in english and french go on increasing, which is a serious risk of appropriate steps are not taken. Only the awareness of the yoruba elites to produce more in their language (regardless their field of specialization) and the practice of a real language policy can prevent such a risk
De, Mercoyrol de Beaulieu Myriam. "Analyse linguistique et culturelle de l'anglicisation contemporaine du français à partir d'un corpus médiatique." Thesis, Orléans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ORLE3011.
Full textAnalyzing the anglicization of the French language requires more than a mere list of literal translations and borrowings from English and a description of their use: it requires an approach that shows the social and cultural impact of linguistic transformation. Through the gradual encroachment of words and expressions used by the media, geographical and historical references, which have shaped the internal holistic logic of the French language, have been supplanted by references taken from the Anglophone world. Taking as a starting point the contrast between the continental perspective of French and the maritime perspective of English, this PhD thesis explains the gradual shift of the metaphorical fields and of the way in which the meaning is conceived and conveyed. The author, a conference interpreter, bases her reasoning on the interdependence of language and culture. This linguistic transformation, which today is a feature of all languages competing with English, leads to a uniformity of images and conceptualizations and to a decline of cultural diversity across many languages. A glossary of borrowed terms together with their French equivalents completes this study
Caldas, Sandra de. "Emprunts lexicaux et interférences terminologiques dans des écrits spécialisés dans les sciences humaines : la langue de l’enseignement en situation officielle, en français et en portugais." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083944.
Full textThis research is a theoretical, analytical and comparative approach of the neological phenomenon of lexical importation from the perspective of comparative linguistics. The main issue is to understand how this phenomenon takes place in a specialized language in the humanities. The study of lexical borrowing was conducted by a corpus consisting of formal curricula of the first and second degree in France and in Portugal. First and foremost, we present the phenomenon of borrowing and linguistic interferences from a theoretical point of view. Thus, in the first part, we review the theoretical aspects related to the enrichment of languages and lexical creativity. In the second part, we discuss the principles and methods of specialized languages to give an overview of the field of education in both countries. Finally, the third section is devoted entirely to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the borrowing and terminological interferences of the two languages at hand. Firstly, we propose a typology of borrowing based on six levels of classification. We then show this borrowing through a morphological, semantic and dictionaric point of view. We end this analytic section with a comparative discussion that allows us to make observations from a linguistic as well as educational point of view. In conclusion, our study helps to highlight the differences and similarities in the treatment and adaptation of borrowing in French and Portuguese, and also brings to light the problem of dictionarisation of these imported units
Chebaa, Abdelouahid. "Les emprunts du parler tangerois à l'andalou : étude sociolinguistique." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE2013.
Full textEl, Fakir El Bouazzaoui. "Contact des langues au maroc : emprunts linguistiques de l'arabe marocain au francais : approche sociolinguistique." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H093.
Full textThe presence of the french language in morocco from the colonization period to nowdays has influenced considerably its sociolinguistic reality. To communicate recent realities that sundenly appear in moroccan society (suches institutions, concepts, objects. . . ) the local languages has and still has revourse to the french language. The close relations between the mother tongue languages and the evryday-life of native speakers (contact agent) have led these languages (maroccan arabic, berber) toborrow a greet deal from french. The number of borrowed words introduced in moroccan languages testify to that. According to the balance of power between french and moroccan languages, the shape and the content of contact was decided and took place so that each language has its own uses, own users and its own fonctions. Afonctional complementarity between these languages is clear in the moroccan speakers'daylife. This is true though the conflictuel character that marked and still marks their contact
Awwad, Moussa. "La confrontation au système de la langue française des emprunts lexicaux à l'arabe dans le domaine de la finance islamique : étude graphique, morphosyntaxique, morpholexicale, sémantique et syntaxique." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2154.
Full textThis study deals with the subject of lexical loan words in the Islamic finance field. Therefore, and because these words are used in a new and totally different environment, they encounter a confrontation with the recipient language system. Hence, the purpose of the present thesis is to study this confrontation at all linguistic levels; be it graphic, morphological, morpholexical, semantic, contextual and syntactic. On the graphic level, the analysis will focus on the formal variance that loan words of this domain received in French. On the morphological level, we address the subject of acronyms and their formation in the Islamic finance field. With regard to the morphosyntax, our interest lies not only on the singularization or the pluralization of the loan words but on the choice of the grammatical gender of these loan words as well. On the morpholexical level, an analysis of the problem resulting from the derivation of these units as observed in the corpus. On the contextual level, we address again the issue of transcoding and double-transcoding of loan words that we are trying to develop. A concept that will add to the existing literature an axis that has not been dealt with before: the case of transcoding compound loan words. To sum up, this study deals with the syntax of loan words from two points of view. Firstly, it focusses on the lexical combination of loan words with the lexis of the recipient language and secondly, it focusses on the semantic-syntactic behavior these loan words
Paulin, Pascale. "Les Baka du Gabon dans une dynamique de transformations culturelles- Perspectives linguistiques et anthropologiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20077/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a detailed analysis on the dynamic of change observed among the Baka from Gabon, a hunter-gatherer community. This group is composed of less than 1000 individuals speaking an Ubangian language inside a Bantu environment. By comparing their language with others from the same linguistic sub-group, some singularities from Baka and some resemblance with the Monzombo sub-group can be seen. These two ethnolinguistic groups, Baka and Monzombo groups, seem to have kept close contact based on skill exchanges (hunting/gathering and fishing/iron skills). This interaction is witnessed in the exchanges the Baka population preserves with their current Bantu neighbors, especially with Fang in Gabon.Nowadays, the Baka way of life is still characterized by their mobility and the forest. Nevertheless, due to a non-migratory lifestyle imposed by the State, the proximity with the Fang group and the growing globalization, dramatic changes are inflicted to the Baka community. Changes at which they are trying to adapt. These constraints do not affect only their language (system and use) but also many sociocultural habits such as settlement, mobility, food and means of support or religion.The aim of this thesis is to identify these ongoing transformations, to describe and to evaluate their impact bearing in mind the singularity of many contexts. An argumentative reflection on categorization principles is also proposed on lexical domains such as fauna, flora and diseases. Certain changes could arise without necessarily questioning their bonds to the forest and ancestral values. Nonetheless, both exogenous (globalization and a sedentary life) and endogenous pressures (individual behavior and culture transmission) determining the progress of different transformations should not be under evaluated as being a threat to the language, to the knowledge of the flora and fauna and to certain sociocultural practices
Walker, James. "Les attitudes envers les anglicismes : une étude sociolinguistique des emprunts dans différentesCommunautés francophones." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030186.
Full textPennacchio, Catherine. "Etude du vocabulaire commun entre le coran et les écrits juifs avant l'Islam : l'emprunt lexical." Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0007.
Full textThis dissertation is about loanwords in the Quran within the framework of Jewish writings before Islam. Why Jewish writings ? Because research on Hebrew and Aramean serves as a valuable resource for etymological Arab studies. Laonwords are found in two periods : loanwords prior to Islam and loanwords which are related to the Revelation. The first, that are current vocabulary, come from Akkadian, Aramaic, Persian, Greek and Latin. They illustrate the linguistic and cultural contacts of the Arab populations with their neighbors. The latter, which are for most of them technical religious words of Islam, seem to have been influenced by contacts with their environment. They come from Hebrew, Judeo-Aramaic, Syriac or directly from the language of the Hijazi Jews. Works on quranic loanwords are ancient. The last study completed is the one by Arthur Jeffery, The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'an, 1938. Former scholars studied this through ideological and religious frameworks while searching for the Jewish and Christian origins of the Coran. The contribution of Judaism is no more to be proved. It could reach the Prophet of Islam and his companions through the Hijazi Jews, the Christian Ethiopians of Mecca and Jadaism of Himyar. The results of their research need to be updated and completed. The progress made in the areas of comparatives grammars, the linguistic discoveries of the twentieth Century, and works on Hebrew and Aramaic, invite us to reconsider quranic loanwords in a linguistic and historical perspective. What are they ? Where do they come from ?
Béchet-Tsarnos, Valérie. "Anglicismes économiques : caractéristiques linguistiques et culturelles : etude comparative du francais, de l'allemand et du grec moderne à partir de la presse économique numérique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20023.
Full textBendiha, Mohamed-Lakhdar. "Contribution à l'étude des emprunts du portugais à l'arabe." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081950.
Full textLykou, Olga Dommergues Jean-Yves. "Contribution à l'étude des emprunts d'une langue à une autre." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/LykouThese.pdf.
Full textBelleau, Rémi. "Attribution et variation du genre d'emprunts à l'anglais, à l'italien, au japonais et à l'arabe dans le lexique du français." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26887.
Full textGender assignment to lexical non-human loanwords in French is not easily predictable. Some authors will consider it as arbitrary, others as motivated from physical or semantic properties of a given word. Because points of view on this matter are highly divided, we investigated and analysed many criteria that may contribute to gender assignment to loanwords in French. We compiled four corpora, each one composed of texts originating from one of two different linguistic communities (the province of Québec or Europe) and either a formal or informal context. We noticed that a loanword’s assigned gender varies considerably between usages in many cases. However, in general, loanwords from languages having a binary gender feature, such as Italian or Arabic, usually keep their original gender. Semantic criteria may justify loanword gender as much as physical criteria. The most productive semantic criterion is the conceptual paradigm into which the loanword is integrated, which groups together many lexical units under a similar conceptualisation, and usually a common gender.
STORZ, CARL. "Les anglicismes et les americanismes dans la langue francaise depuis 1945 : une approche linguistique et didactique." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030107.
Full textAnglicisms and americanisms (or borrowings from the english language) have played and still play an important role in the evolution of the lexical stock of the french language. From a corpus of some 4. 500 borrowings i have made two classifications. - the first, linguistic in nature, separates findings into simple complex lexical items and in graphically assimilated non graphically assimilated items. The objective being to observe influences modifications on the semantics, syntax and orthography of contemporary french. - the second, socio-linguistic in nature, clearly indicates where the major influences lie: in the technical fields, arts (music, film etc. ), sports, transportation. Anglicisms americanisms have a practical application in the teaching of french as a foreign language, especially in the context of english-speakers. The idea is to develop a lesson from english words which make up part of everyday spoken french to help encouage students to acquire language
Chadelat, Jean-Marc. "Valeur et fonctions des emprunts français en anglais à l'époque contemporaine." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120083.
Full textThe object of this dissertation is to illustrate a sociolinguistic viewpoint on foreign loanwords. As opposed to common conceptions of lexical borrowing according to which this process plays only a secondary role, this contribution aims at showing a different functioning of loanwords within the borrowing language. We shall try to prove the linguistic value of use of french words in english to be secondary to their sociolinguistic exchange value, their denotations secondary to their autonymic connotations, and their referential function secondary to their expressive, metalinguistic or poetic functions. The autonymic value and secondary communicative functions of french loanwords in english outline a differentiation of social groups as well as speakers based on the sociolinguistic prestige of those foreign signs
Houar, Yahya. "L'emprunt linguistique de l'arabe marocain d'Oujda à la langue française : étude phonologique et sémantique." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H085.
Full textStoltzfus, Daniel Paul. "Predictions on markedness and feature resilience in loanword adaptation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25567.
Full textA loanword is normally adapted to fit its foreign elements to the phonological system of the borrowing language (L1). Recently, some authors (e.g. Miao 2005; Steriade 2001b, 2009) have proposed that during the adaptation process of a second language (L2) consonant, manner features are more resistant to change than are non-manner features. A careful study of my data indicate that manner features (e.g. [±continuant]) are as likely to be involved in the adaptation process as are non-manner [±voice] and [±anterior]. For example, French /Z/ is usually not tolerated word-initially in English. Adaptation options include /Z/ → [z] (change of place), /Z/ → [S] (change of voicing) and /Z/ → [dZ] (change of manner). The primary adaptation in English is /Z/ → [dZ] (e.g. French [Zelatin] gélatine → English [dZElœtIn]) where manner is in fact the less resistant. Instead, during loanword adaptation there is a clear tendency towards unmarkedness. My hypothesis is that languages overwhelmingly adapt with the goal of eliminating the complexities of the L2; a change that involves deletion instead of insertion of a marked feature is preferred. Furthermore, my thesis shows for the first time that a consonant is statistically most likely to be imported if its preferred adaptation strategy involves insertion of a marked feature (e.g. [+continuant] or [+voice]). For example, the adaptation of English /dZ/ is /Z/ in French after insertion of marked [+continuant], but /dZ/ is overwhelmingly imported (89%), instead of adapted in French. I argue that this is to avoid the insertion of marked [+continuant]. This contrasts with Pennsylvania German (PG) where English /dZ/ is rarely imported (10%). This is because unlike in French, there is an option to adapt /dZ/ to /tS/ (deletion of marked [+voice]) in PG. However, English word-initial /t/ is heavily imported (74%), not adapted, in PG because adaptation to /d/ involves insertion of marked [+voice]. Not only does my thesis better determine the direction of adaptations but it also establishes the circumstances where L2 consonants are most likely to be imported instead of being adapted, on the basis of a well-known notion in phonology: markedness.
Omer, Danielle. "Les activités d'emprunt : Opérations de reprise et de (re)formulation dans la production d'un genre textuel en français L2, de compétence avancée, domaine roumain." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUEL325.
Full textThis research relates to the borrowing activities of bibliographical sources from romanian pupils ending their bilingual studies of french as a foreign language and having to present - in self directed learning - a file from three to five pages on a subject relating to french " civilization ". The files for which a part of the sources or all the sources have been found consitute the active corpus of the research. The study focuses on the analysis of the borrowing proceedings in the sources leading to new formulations to be used in the file corresponding to a particular kind of text. The obligation to respect the constraints adapted to this kind of text contributes to set up the conditions of written production. These new formulation activities lead to a typology in which four variations of speeches are to be distinguished: repetition (1), embryonary reformulation (2), reformulation (3), personal (re) formulation based on a bibliography (4). These variations do not necessarily correspond with the improvement levels of pupils in appropriating sources, for several variations may be found in a same file. This study tries to stress the detailed and general writting work that has been carried out by the learners in those " spontaneous " new formulation exercices. That work passes too often unnoticed or is even entirely rejected from the evaluation
Gester, Silke. "Anglizismen im Tschechischen und im Deutschen : Bestandsaufnahme und empirische Analyse im Jahr 2000 /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392661796.
Full textBågenholm, Gösta. "Arkeologi och språk i Norra Östersjöområdet : en kritisk genomgång av de senaste årens försök att finna synteser mellan historisk lingvistik och arkeologi /." Göteborg : Göteborg archaeological thesis, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37675240t.
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