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Journal articles on the topic 'Emulsion solvent diffusion method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhang, Zhi-Bing, Zhi-Gang Shen, Jie-Xin Wang, et al. "Micronization of silybin by the emulsion solvent diffusion method." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 376, no. 1-2 (2009): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.04.028.

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2

THAKUR, PURSHOTTAM KUMAR, C. K. TYAGI, and NEELESH CHOUBEY. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE MICROSPHERE OF SAXAGLIPTIN ANTIDIABETIC AGENT." Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 3 (2023): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24092/crps.2023.130302.

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The objective of this study was to develop a gastro-retentive microsphere of Saxagliptin. Saxagliptin is an orally active hypoglycemic drug of the newdipeptidylpeptidase-4(DPP4) inhibitor class of drug. Nine formulations of Saxagliptin microsphere are prepared by Emulsion solvent diffusion method using polymers like Eudragit RS 100 and Ethyl cellulose at different drug to polymer ratios and Polyvinyl Alcohol as Stabilizing agent by Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method. The formulations were optimized on the basis of percent buoyancy and in vitro drug release. The prepared microspheres were evalua

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3

Thenge, R. R., M. P. Chandak, and V. S. Adhao. "Spherical Crystallization: A Tool to Improve the Physicochemical Properties of APIs." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 8, no. 3 (2020): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v8i3.727.

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A greater challenge in solid dosage formulation is the development of spherical agglomerates which increases the solubility and bioavailability of the drug. Spherical crystallization is “An agglomeration process that transforms crystals directly into compact spherical forms during the crystallization process.” Spherical crystallization is the novel agglomeration technique that can transform directly the fine crystals produced in the crystallization process into a spherical shape. Direct Compression of powders is simple and easy way of making tablets. In direct compression of Good Compressibili

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4

Faten Q. Ibraheem and Anmar A. Abdelrazzaq. "Studying the effect of variables on baclofen floating microsponge." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 3 (2019): 1300–1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1467.

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The aim of the present work was to develop a microsponge delivery system of baclofen to control its release and thereby reducing dosing frequency and enhancing patient compliance. The microsponge was produced by oil in oil emulsion solvent diffusion method. The effects of drug/polymer ratio, stirring time and type of Eudragit polymer on the physical characteristics of microsponges were investigated. The prepared microsponges was characterized for production yield (PY), loading efficiency (LD), particle size, surface morphology, and in vitro drug release. The results showed that the microsponge

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Srivastava, Saloni, Supriyo Saha, and Vikash Jakhmola. "Nanogel: Types, Methods of Preparation, Limitation, Evaluation and Application – A Systematic Review." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 04 (2023): 1631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.13.4.77.

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Nanogels combine the characteristics of nanomaterials with hydrogels. To meet the expanding demands from various areas, a sizable number of nanogels have been designed and manufactured using the emulsion solvent diffusion nano precipitated method, emulsion evaporation of the solvent method, reverse micellar method and modified diffusion emulsification method. Thermosensitive nanogel, pH-sensitive nanogel, ultrasound-sensitive magnetic response, response to multiple stimuli, chain transfer polymerization, photo-induced crosslinking polymerization and modifications for active targeting are the t

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Anisyabana, Ninda, Anni Anggraeni, Uji Pratomo, and Riska Anbar Fadiyah. "Effect of Different Types of Extractants in the Separation of Rare Earth Metals using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Method: A Review." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 10, no. 2 (2021): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2021.v10.i2.pp105-118.

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Rare Earth Metals (REMs) are minerals which needed in modern technology because it has unique chemical, catalytic, electrical and paramagnetic properties, so REMs have the potential to be applied in various fields. The similarity in the physical and chemical properties of REMs causes them to be difficult to separate from their parent minerals. Emulsion Liquid Membrane is an effective and efficient method for REMs purification and separation because in practice it only requires a small amount of solvent, the diffusion rate and mass transfer are high, fast, and simultaneous compared to the solve

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7

Maghsoodi, Maryam, and Ali Nokhodchi. "Agglomeration of celecoxib by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method without stabilizer: effect of good solvent." Pharmaceutical Development and Technology 23, no. 10 (2017): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2016.1270965.

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8

Kawashima, Y., T. Iwamoto, T. Niwa, H. Takeuchi, and T. Hino. "Role of the solvent-diffusion-rate modifier in a new emulsion solvent diffusion method for preparation of ketoprofen microspheres." Journal of Microencapsulation 10, no. 3 (1993): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652049309031523.

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9

Tyagi, Gajendra, and Suresh Choudhary. "Preparation of flutrimazole micro sponge gel by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 12, no. 3 (2024): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v11i3.1393.

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Microsponge containing Flutrimazole drug with six different proportions of Eudragit RS 100 as polymer were obtained successfully using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. Particle size and physical properties of the formulations were examined. Physical properties showed that microsponge formulations MS IV and MS VI exhibited better material efficiency and yield. Two microsponge formulations were prepared as gels in 0.35% w/w carbomer and examined for pH, viscosity, permeability, drug content, in vitro release, antibacterial activity, and in vivo antifungal activity on Rabbit skin. The vis

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10

Maghsoodi, Maryam, and Ali Nokhodchi. "Agglomeration of Celecoxib by Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method: Effect of Stabilizer." Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin 6, no. 4 (2016): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/apb.2016.075.

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11

V., Lakshmi Durga* G. Pavani Priya V. Sai Kishore M. V. Sai Krishna. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SPHERICAL AGGLOMERATED CRYSTALS LOADED FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS FOR ENHANCING THE SOLUBILITY OF IBUPROFEN." indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 05 (2017): 1414–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.807176.

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The objective of the present work was to study the effect of different polymers on the solubility and dissolution rate of ibuprofen a poorly water soluble NSAIDs, by spherically agglomeration using methanol, water and dichloromethane as good solvent, poor solvent and bridging liquid, respectively. The quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique was used as a method for spherical agglomeration. Spherical agglomeration of ibuprofen were prepared by using polyethylene glycol-4000, polyethylene glycol-6000 and PVP k-30 as water soluble carries proportions like 1:0.5,1:0.75,1:1. The agglomerates wer

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12

Gaurav, Magar Dr. A. V. Chandewar Dr. M. A. Channawar Satyam Pendor Ashwini Warankar. "Studies On Various Techniques Used for Masking the Bitterness of Drug and Formulation Development." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 3223–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15464093.

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The aim of the study was to mask the bitterness of Valsartan by various taste masking techniques. Quasi- emulsion solvent diffusion method, Inclusion complexation and spray drying these methods were used. Eudragit RS 100 and Ethyl Cellulose were used in 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2 ratios to create taste masked microsponges using Quasi- emulsion solvent diffusion method. Kneading method was used to formulate Inclusion complexes. β- Cyclodextrin was used as complexing agent. Various ratios of drug and β- Cyclodextrin were tried for taste masking.  Spray drying method was attempted to make

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13

Khlystun, S. O., та O. V. Myronyuk. "Сurrent state of the art in polylactide polymer water emulsions development". Вісник Східноукраїнського національного університету імені Володимира Даля, № 4 (290) (17 травня 2025): 63–71. https://doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2025-290-4-63-71.

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The current trend towards green and sustainable development has prompted researchers and scientists to devote more and more of their time to studying and improving potential biopolymers as alternatives to traditional polymers. While renewable resource-based polymers are already widely used in medicine and packaging, they still need further research to meet certain requirements on par with conventional polymers for a wider range of applications. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) emulsions have gained significant attention in the coatings industry due to their biodegradability, sustainability, and potenti

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14

Pulingam, Thiruchelvi, Parisa Foroozandeh, Jo-Ann Chuah, and Kumar Sudesh. "Exploring Various Techniques for the Chemical and Biological Synthesis of Polymeric Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (2022): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030576.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) have remarkable properties for delivering therapeutic drugs to the body’s targeted cells. NPs have shown to be significantly more efficient as drug delivery carriers than micron-sized particles, which are quickly eliminated by the immune system. Biopolymer-based polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are colloidal systems composed of either natural or synthetic polymers and can be synthesized by the direct polymerization of monomers (e.g., emulsion polymerization, surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, mini-emulsion polymerization, micro-emulsion polymerization, and microbial pol

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15

Oka, Chiemi, Kazunori Ushimaru, Nanao Horiishi, Takeharu Tsuge, and Yoshitaka Kitamoto. "Biodegradable and magnetic core–shell composite particle prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion method." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 55, no. 2S (2015): 02BE01. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.55.02be01.

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16

Yadav, Akash, and DineshKumar Jain. "In-Vitro characterization of gastroretentive microballoons prepared by the emulsion solvent diffusion method." Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research 1, no. 1 (2010): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.70524.

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17

Sujathan, Ponni, and Umesh Kumar Sharma. "Development and Characterization of Metronidazole Loaded Microsponges for the Management of Diabetic Foot." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 10 (2021): 440–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20211059.

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The objective of present work was formulation and evaluation of Metronidazole loaded microsponges for the management of diabetic foot ulcer via topical application and to reduce side effects. The microsponges were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method using different concentrations of Ethyl cellulose and Poly vinyl alcohol. The prepared microsponges were evaluated for particle size analysis, SEM, % production yield, % drug entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release studies, DSC and antimicrobial studies. FTIR studies shown that there was no interaction between drug and polymers

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18

van Ballegooie, Courtney, Alice Man, Irene Andreu, Byron D. Gates, and Donald Yapp. "Using a Microfluidics System to Reproducibly Synthesize Protein Nanoparticles: Factors Contributing to Size, Homogeneity, and Stability." Processes 7, no. 5 (2019): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7050290.

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The synthesis of Zein nanoparticles (NPs) using conventional methods, such as emulsion solvent diffusion and emulsion solvent evaporation, is often unreliable in replicating particle size and polydispersity between batch-to-batch syntheses. We have systematically examined the parameters for reproducibly synthesizing Zein NPs using a Y-junction microfluidics chip with staggered herringbone micromixers. Our results indicate that the total flow rate of the fluidics system, relative flow rate of the aqueous and organic phase, concentration of the base material and solvent, and properties of the so

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19

Shinde, Jitendra, Rakesh Patel, and Shweta Shriwas. "Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Microsponge Based Gel of Clotrimazole." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (2023): 2538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2905.

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The study's overarching goal is to develop a novel medication delivery method based on microsponge gel containing clotrimazole. Clotrimazole is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), has a short half-life of only 2 h, & is metabolized into inert molecules by the liver. Therefore, clotrimazole's drug delivery method must be modified for topical application. Microsponge delivery is a novel approach to sustained drug release. Microsponges were made with a polymer solution of Eudragit RS 100 in dichloromethane (DCM) and ethanol (1:1) using a quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion tec

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20

Gao, Yan, Fu-de Cui, Ying Guan, Lei Yang, Yong-sheng Wang, and Li-na Zhang. "Preparation of roxithromycin-polymeric microspheres by the emulsion solvent diffusion method for taste masking." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 318, no. 1-2 (2006): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.03.018.

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21

A. Nief, Roaa, and Ahmed A. Hussein. "Preparation and Evaluation of Meloxicam Microsponges as Transdermal Delivery System." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 23, no. 2 (2017): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol23iss2pp62-74.

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The aim of present study was to develop gel formulation of microsponges of poorly soluble drug meloxicam (MLX) in order to enhance the release and dissolution of MLX which is the limitation for preparation in topical forms. Also skin delivery is an alternative administration for MLX that can minimize gastrointestinal (GI) side effects and improve patient compliance. The microsponges of MLX were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. The effects of drug:polymer ratio, stirring time and Eudragit polymer type on the physical characteristics of microsponges were investigated and char

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22

Nocent, M., L. Bertocchi, F. Espitalier, M. Baron, and G. Couarraze. "Definition of a Solvent System for Spherical Crystallization of Salbutamol Sulfate by Quasi‐Emulsion Solvent Diffusion (QESD) Method." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 90, no. 10 (2001): 1620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.1112.

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23

Budarapu, Divya, U. Mohan Kumar, and P. Sravanthi. "Design, Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Ketoconazole Microsponges by Quasi-Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 15, no. 7 (2025): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v15i7.7244.

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Ketoconazole-loaded micro sponges were successfully formulated employing the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique, aiming to optimize drug entrapment efficiency and enhance sustain release of the drug. Ethyl cellulose served as the release-retarding polymer, while polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) functioned as the emulsifying agent. Formulations were prepared in varying ratios of drug: PVA: ethyl cellulose to assess the impact of composition on micro sponge properties. The effect of variables including the drug: polymer ratio, emulsifier (PVA) concentration in organic solvent (dichloro methane) w

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24

Bansode, Ashwini S., Vaishnavi B. Kute, Komal S. Vethekar, et al. "Formulation, development and evaluation of Microsponge loaded Topical Gel of Nystatin." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 2-s (2019): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i2-s.2567.

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Nystatin containing microsponge as active constituent (API) in different formulations by changing the proportions of drug (Nystatin), polymer (ethyl cellulose), emulsifier (Poly vinyl alcohol) were obtained successfully using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. These formulations were studied for particle size and physical characterization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed the microsponges porous and spherical in shape. The physical characterization showed that microsponge formulation coded by P6 showed a better loading efficiency and production yield. This microsponge for

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25

Domínguez-Delgado, Clara Luisa, Zubia Akhtar, Godfrey Awuah-Mensah, Braden Wu, and Hugh David Charles Smyth. "Effects of Process and Formulation Parameters on Submicron Polymeric Particles Produced by a Rapid Emulsion-Diffusion Method." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (2022): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020229.

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Emulsification-diffusion method is often used to produce polymeric nanoparticles. However, their numerous and/or lengthy steps make it difficult to use widely. Thus, a modified method using solvent blends (miscible/partially miscible in water, 25–100%) as the organic phases to overcome these disadvantages and its design space were investigated. To further simplify the process, no organic/aqueous phase saturation and no water addition after the emulsification step were performed. Biodegradable (PLGA) or pH-sensitive (Eudragit® E100) nanoparticles were robustly produced using low/medium shear st

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A, Sri ram, Swapna G, and Audinarayana Nelavala. "Formulation and Evaluation of Miconazole Nanocapsules." Future Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (2023): 540–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/fjphs.v3i4.539.

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Using the emulsion solvent diffusion technique, the current study's goal was to create and analyze miconazole nanocapsules. Ethyl cellulose as well as HPMC nanocapsules were used to fill the miconazole, which has been produced using the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The FTIR data showed that the miconazole nanocapsules filled with ethyl cellulose nanocapsules were stable and that there was no drug-polymer interaction. To determine whether there is no incompatibility in the formulation, compatibility investigations like FTIR & DSC were utilized. The morphological particle size of micon

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27

Diksha, Saitwal *. Dr Surajj Sarode Dr. S.D. Barhate. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF COLON TARGETED SULFASALAZINE MICROSPHERES." Journal of Scientific Research in Pharmacy 8, no. 7 (2019): 75–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3370363.

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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>S</em></strong><em>ulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. It is metabolised in colon by the bacterial enzyme azoreductase to sulfapyridine and 5-amino salicylic acid. It is rapidly absorbed in the intestine, hence it is necessary to develop colon targeted drug delivery system. Sulfasalazine releases 5-ASA which decreases the inflammation of intestine & thus helpful in ulcerative colitis. The main objective of the present research is formulated and evaluated colon targeted sulfasalazine microspher

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28

Jyoti, Patil* Shamal kadam Pallavi Gaikwad. "Spherical Crystallisation." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 11 (2024): 9–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021375.

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The flow and compressibility characteristics of microcrystalline drug candidates can be improved by using the spherical crystallization technique. Agglomerating solvents, quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion, and ammonia diffusion techniques are employed to achieve spherical crystallization of microcrystals. The direct tableting technique is becoming more important in pharmaceutical manufacturing because it saves money and time. A technique used in particle engineering called spherical agglomeration involves transforming fine crystals into a spherical shape. This improves the powder's size, shape,

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29

B, Hema Latha, Manisha E, Harshavardhini G, and Hyma P. "SPHERICAL CRYSTALLIZATION: A TOOL TO IMPROVE SOLUBILITY OF DRUGS." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 11 (2022): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.2022131105.

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Spherical crystallization is a technique in which crystallization and agglomeration are carried out synchronously in one step to form compact spherical form. The most common methods used in spherical agglomeration are quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method, ammonia diffusion system, neutralization technique and co-agglomeration. It succeeded to improve dissolution property of poorly soluble drugs. This can change drug powder properties such as flowability, wettability, packability, compressibility. It has wider applications in improvement of poorly compressible drugs; it has wider application

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Ré, M. I., and B. Biscans. "Preparation of microspheres of ketoprofen with acrylic polymers by a quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method." Powder Technology 101, no. 2 (1999): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(98)00163-6.

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31

Makhlof, Abdallah, Yuta Miyazaki, Yuichi Tozuka, and Hirofumi Takeuchi. "Cyclodextrins as stabilizers for the preparation of drug nanocrystals by the emulsion solvent diffusion method." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 357, no. 1-2 (2008): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.01.025.

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32

Phromsopha, T., and Y. Baimark. "Chitosan Microparticles Prepared by the Water-in-Oil Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method for Drug Delivery." Biotechnology(Faisalabad) 9, no. 1 (2009): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/biotech.2010.61.66.

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33

Jaswal, Saloni. "Detail work on formulation development and evaluation of micro sponges gel of clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal fungal infection." Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 10, no. 3 (2023): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpp.2023.038.

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Vaginal infection is so widespread that women have to seek medical counseling. In fact, almost 70% of women experience vaginal infections in their life. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is responsible for vaginal infections and Candida albicans is the major agent. Vaginal infections are caused by hormonal changes, negative sexual effects, irrelevant quality of life, high mortality rate, depressive mood and various kind of anxiety.Detail Work on Formulation Development and Evaluation of Micro sponges gel of Clotrimazole for Treatment of Vaginal fungal Infection. The microsponge-based novel delivery sys

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Hans, Mansi, Jagdeep Singh Dua, D. N. Prasad, ,. Monika, and Diksha Sharma. "Formulation and Evaluation of Fluconazole Microsponge using Eudragit L 100 by Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 3-s (2019): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3-s.2855.

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The aim of the present study is to formulate and evaluate the fluconazole microsponge by using Eudragit L 100. Microsponge was made because they provide controlled as well as target specific release of the drug. Thus study the effect of stirring rate on the formation of microsponge. Microsponge containing Fluconazole were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method at different stirring rate i.e 500, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1500 rpm. Particle size of prepared microsponge was observed in the range of 76.2 to 32.5μm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the porous, spherical nature of the m

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Kohli, Seema, Abhisek Pal, and Suchit Jain. "PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF POLY (LACTIDE –CO –GLYCOLIDE) MICROSPHERES FOR THE CONTROLLED RELEASE OF ZIDOVUDINE." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 12 (2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i12.18377.

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Objective: The purpose of this research work was to develop and evaluate microspheres appropriate for controlled release of zidovudine (AZT).Methods: The AZT loaded polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres were prepared by W/O/O double emulsion solvent diffusion method. Compatibility of drug and polymer was studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of formulation factors (drug: polymer ratio, stirring speed, the concentration of surfactant) on particle size encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release characteristics of the microspheres was investigated. Rel

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Baimark, Yodthong, and Yaowalak Srisuwan. "Preparation of Polysaccharide-Based Microspheres by a Water-in-Oil Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method for Drug Carriers." International Journal of Polymer Science 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/761870.

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Polysaccharide-based microspheres of chitosan, starch, and alginate were prepared by the water-in-oil emulsion solvent diffusion method for use as drug carriers. Blue dextran was used as a water-soluble biomacromolecular drug model. Scanning electron microscopy showed sizes of the resultant microspheres that were approximately 100 μm or less. They were spherical in shape with a rough surface and good dispersibility. Microsphere matrices were shown as a sponge. Drug loading efficiencies of all the microspheres were higher than 80%, which suggested that this method has potential to prepare polys

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Dr., C. S. Parameswari* B. Manasa K. Mounika N. Navya Sree M. Rajeswari E. Anusha. "Microspheres." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, no. 12 (December 4, 2024): 502–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14276500.

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Microspheres are multiparticulate drug delivery systems which are prepared to obtain prolonged the controlled drug delivery to improve bioavailability, stability and to target the drug to specific site at a predetermined rate. They are made from polymeric waxy or other protective materials such as natural, semi synthetic and synthetic polymers. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing powders having particle size ranging from 1-1000 μm consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers. The range of techniques for the preparation of microspheres provides multiple options to control as dru

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Varun, S. Dev*. "Development Of Spherical Crystallization Of Some Drug To Improve The Flow Property." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 7 (2024): 1807–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12818175.

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Within the crystallisation process, spherical crystallisation is defined as "an agglomeration process that transforms crystals directly into compact spherical forms." An innovative agglomeration method known as spherical crystallisation allows the tiny crystals formed during the crystallisation process to be directly shaped into a spherical form. Methods for spherical crystallization include symmetric agglomeration, ammonia diffusion, and emulsion solvent diffusion. Three different kinds of solvents are used in spherical crystallization: good, bridge, and poor solvents. The four primary stages

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Alatraqchi, Faten Ibraheem, and Fatima J. AL Gawhri. "Preparation and In-Vitro Evaluation as an Oral Microsponge Tablet of Baclofen." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512) 28, no. 1 (2019): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol28iss1pp75-90.

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The aim of the present study is to formulate floating effervescent microsponge tablet of the narrow absorption window drug, Baclofen (BFN) for controlling drug release and thereby decrease the side effect of the drug. The microsponges of BFN were prepared by non-aqueous emulsion solvent diffusion method (oil in oil emulsion method). The effects of drug: polymer ratio, stirring time and type of Eudragit polymer on the physical characteristics of microsponges were investigated and characterized for production yield, loading efficiency, particle size, surface morphology, and in vitro drug release

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Singh, Renuka, Sukhcharn Singh, and D. C. Saxena. "Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Modification of Underutilized Chenopodium album Starch and its Characterization." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 2 (2022): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23513.

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The present study was designed to investigate the changes occur on Chenopodium album starch (CAS) after modification through quasi emulsion solvent diffusion (QESD) method. Modification of starch was carried out by HCl (0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1M) followed by precipitation. The QESD modification significantly reduced the amylose content, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, solubility as well as swelling power of treated starch. Gelatinization behaviour of modified starch showed an increase in pasting temperature. The SEM images showed the formation of regular and spherical sh

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Bhausaheb, Vidhate Samiksha, and Pagire D.M. "Review on Microspheres: A Novel Approach in Drug Delivery System." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27475.

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A well-designed controlled drug delivery system has the potential to address the limitations of conventional drug therapy and enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of a drug. Microspheres, which are characterized by their particle size being 1-1000 μm, are considered a novel and controlled drug delivery system. The spherical shape of microspheres contributes to their advantageous properties. This review focuses on the utilization of microspheres as a novel drug delivery system. These characteristics can be modified by altering the materials, methods, polymers, or techniques used in the product

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Adheena Jeby, Adheena Jeby, Ganesh N. S. Ganesh N S, Adlin Jino Nesalin Adlin Jino Nesalin, and Vineeth Chandy. "Unlocking the potential of microsponges: A versatile andfuturistic approach to oral drug delivery." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications 10, no. 1 (2025): 1059–68. https://doi.org/10.35629/4494-100110591068.

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Oral administration is widely regarded as the most practical and commonly used method for delivering medications. However, drugs with short half-lives and rapid gastrointestinal absorption are swiftly cleared from the bloodstream, necessitating frequent dosing. To address these challenges, oral controlled-release formulations have been developed. Among the innovative approaches in drug delivery systems, the Microsponge Delivery System (MDS) has gained significant attention.MDS consists of highly cross-linked, porous polymeric microspheres capable of entrapping a wide range of active compounds.

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Katakam, Prakash, Yadagiri Phalguna, and Dommati Harinarayana. "Formulation, Characterization and In vitro Evaluation of Capecitabine Loaded Polycaprolactone-Chitosan Nanospheres." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17, no. 1 (2015): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22309.

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The aim of this study is to formulate the capecitabine loaded nanospheres of polycaprolactone-chitosan, cross linked with Tripolyphosphate for anticancer therapy, in order to enhance the bioavailability and to reduce the dose frequency. Formulations of capecitabine loaded nanospheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation and solvent diffusion methods. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy studies indicated no chemical interaction between drug and polymer. Scanning electron microscopy showed nanospheres having a discrete spherial structure without aggregation. The average pa

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Prakash, K., Y. Phalguna, and D. H. Narayana. "DOXORUBICIN LOADED POLYCAPROLACTONE-CHITOSAN NANOSPHERES: FORMULATION, CHARACTERISATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION." INDIAN DRUGS 51, no. 11 (2014): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.51.11.10124.

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The present study was aimed to develop and evaluate polycaprolactone–chitosan nanospheres of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXO) in different drug to polymer ratios using double-emulsion solvent evaporation and solvent diffusion methods. FTIR studies showed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and polymers. Scanning electron microscopy showed the nanospheres having a discrete spherical structure without aggregation. Prepared nanospheres were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release kinetics. Nanospheres showed the particle

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KAWASHIMA, Yoshiaki, Hirofumi TAKEUCHI, Toshiyuki NIWA, et al. "Particle Design of Adhesive Pharmaceutical Powders for Direct Tabletting by the Novel Emulsion-Solvent-Diffusion Method." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 28, no. 9 (1991): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.28.562.

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Cui, Fude, Mingshi Yang, Yanyan Jiang, et al. "Design of sustained-release nitrendipine microspheres having solid dispersion structure by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method." Journal of Controlled Release 91, no. 3 (2003): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-3659(03)00275-x.

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Srihanam, Prasong, Yaowalak Srisuwan, Thanonchat Imsombut, and Yodthong Baimark. "Silk fibroin microspheres prepared by the water-in-oil emulsion solvent diffusion method for protein delivery." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 28, no. 1 (2010): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-010-0322-4.

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Zhang, Liguo, Xiaowen Ouyang, Lijun Ni, and Wanzhong Shi. "Preparation and evaluation of microcapsule containing volatile oil of Herba Schizonepetae by emulsion solvent diffusion method." Transactions of Tianjin University 20, no. 2 (2014): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12209-014-2182-1.

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Monika, ,., Jagdeep Singh Dua, D. N. Prasad, Mansi Hans, and Satish Kumari. "Preparation and Characterization of Itraconazole Microsponges using Eudragit RSPO and Study the Effect of Stirring on the Formation of Microsponges." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 3-s (2019): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3-s.2879.

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The purpose of the present study was to prepare and evaluate Itraconazole loaded microsponges using Eudragit for the controlled release of the drug and study the effect of stirring rate on the formation of microsponges. Microsponges containing Itraconazole were prepared by using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method at different stirring rate i.e. 500, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1500rpm. Particle size of prepared microsponge was observed in the range of 78.43 to 23.18 µm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the porous, spherical nature of the microsponges. The production yield, entrapment efficie

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Anusha, R., K. Gayathri, T. Sindhu, et al. "Formulation and characterization studies of microspheres." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 14, no. 2 (2025): 307–15. https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20250494.

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In the current scenario of delivering therapeutic agents to the target site requires an efficient drug delivery carrier which can delivery the drug only on the site of action in a sustained and controlled manner among many such carriers microspheres fulfill all the parameters for a potent drug carrier. Microspheres are free flowing powders consists of proteins or synthetic polymers that are biodegradable in nature ranging between 1–1000-micron size. A well-designed controlled drug delivery system can overcome some of the problems of conventional therapy an enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of

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