Academic literature on the topic 'Enabling Environment Index'
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Journal articles on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Cornachione Kula, Maria, Priniti Panday, and Brandon Parrish. "A wellbeing index based on an enabling environment." International Journal of Social Economics 35, no. 3 (February 15, 2008): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068290810847851.
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Fioramonti, Lorenzo, and Olga Kononykhina. "Measuring the Enabling Environment of Civil Society: A Global Capability Index." VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 26, no. 2 (February 25, 2014): 466–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9444-3.
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Buccini, Gabriela, Marcos Ennes Barreto, Alberto Sironi, Juracy Bertoldo, Joao Godim, Jessica Silva, Stefanie Coelho, and Muriel Gubert. "Early Childhood Development Friendly Index (IMAPI): Assessing the Enabling Environment for Nurturing Care in Brazilian Municipalities." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_022.
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Abstract Objectives Early inequities in Early Childhood Development (ECD) are linked to inequalities across the five regions and within the 5570 municipalities in Brazil. We aimed to operationalize an index (IMAPI) to assess and monitor the enabling environment for nurturing care at the regional and municipal level in Brazil using existing national databases. Methods We followed three steps to operationalize IMAPI. I) Selection of indicators. The literature review guided the identification of existing indicators to translate each domain of the Nurturing Care Framework (Good Health, Adequate Nutrition, Opportunities for Early Learning, Responsive Caregiving, and Safety and Protection). Subsequently, meetings with experts and key Brazilian stakeholders informed the identification and selection of existing data in the national databases. II) Consultation with experts. Weights for the selected indicators were defined through a process based on the SMART approach. III) Analyzing IMAPI. Statistical and machine learning methods were used to compute an overall IMAPI as well as an index for each nurturing care domain that ranges from 0 (lowest score) to 100 (highest score). Means were calculated for each region of Brazil-based on municipalities indexes. Results IMAPI summarizes a set of 29 indicators: good health (14 indicators), adequate nutrition (4), early learning (7), responsive caregiving (0), and security and safety (4). Adequate nutrition domain presented the lowest median indexes (ranging from 32 to 22) and it was one of the most challenging to get reliable indicators due to the low coverage of national nutritional databases. The biggest difference means (DM) between regions with the best and worst indexes were found for early learning (DM = 17, ranging), good health (DM = 15) and security and safety (DM = 11), respectively. Responsive caregiving indicators were not identified at the municipal level within the existing national databases. A final version of IMAPI for each of the 5570 Brazilian municipalities incorporating sensitive analysis is being tested. Conclusions IMAPI discriminates regional and municipal enabling and constraining environments to promote ECD in Brazil which can facilitate informed policy decisions to address early inequities. Funding Sources Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, CNPq, FAPDF.
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Kolaib, Anmar Ghalib, and Mufeed D. Y. Almula-Dhanoon. "Impact of Enabling Environment Drivers on Public-Private Partnership investment in the Transport Sector." Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences 18, no. 58, 1 (June 30, 2022): 406–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjaes.18.58.1.22.
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The research aims to analyze the impact of some drivers of the enabling environment, represented by the macroeconomic stability index (GDP, inflation, foreign exchange reserves and the ratio of debt reserves to short-term foreign exchange). And the financial market stability index (the amount of credit provided to private sectors, value of shares traded) on public-private partnerships in financing infrastructure in the transport sector for selected countries. The drivers of the enabling environment in general are considered one of the main pillars in the process of partnership between the public and private sectors. And the tangible results of the partnership between the public and private sectors that affect the daily lives of individuals have a clear impact on the economic construction of countries that seek advancement and development in all directions. On the other hand, there is an urgent need to increase the volume of financing infrastructure projects, as a result of the widening gap between the demand for infrastructure and the shortfall in the volume of supply that corresponds to it. Which requires the public sector to move towards partnership with the private sector, which has capabilities and efficiency in implementation and management. The research adopted the ARDL model to perform the regression, using longitudinal data for a group of selected countries (Brazil, Colombia, India, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, China) for the period (2000-2020). It was found that the flexibility of participatory investment in relation to changes in the gross domestic product, the inflation rate, the percentage of credit granted to the private sector, and the value of traded shares was high, while there was no significant effect of foreign exchange reserves and the ratio of short-term debt-to-foreign exchange reserves on investment. Participatory. On the other hand, it was found that the impact of GDP, the percentage of credit granted to the private sector and the value of traded shares were positive, while the effect of inflation was negative.
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Safon, Cara, Gabriela Buccini, Isabel Ferré, Teresita González de Cosío, and Rafael Pérez-Escamilla. "Can “Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly” Impact Breastfeeding Protection, Promotion, and Support in Mexico? A Qualitative Study." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572118789772.
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Background: The Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly (BBF) initiative includes a guide that helps countries worldwide assess their readiness to scale up national breastfeeding programs. Country committees of breastfeeding experts across government, academia, and civil society engage with BBF by applying the BBF toolbox that includes (1) the BBF Index (BBFI) to measure and score a country’s breastfeeding environment, (2) case studies that illustrate how countries have created enabling environments for breastfeeding, and (3) a 5-meeting process, during which country committees develop policy recommendations intended to improve breastfeeding outcomes based on the BBFI scores. Objective: This study seeks to understand how the application of the BBF toolbox impacted plans to improve the enabling environment for breastfeeding in Mexico. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Mexico’s 11 BBF country committee members about the 5-meeting process between May and June 2017. Audio recordings were transcribed and were coded and analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Results: Three major themes emerged: (1) the unique enabling environment for breastfeeding consisted of obstacles and opportunities for improvement, (2) favorable country committee member dynamics positively affected the utility of the BBF toolbox, and (3) BBF revealed and shaped country committee members’ shared vision of change that laid the foundation for a shared public policy agenda. Conclusions: Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly can generate multisectoral breastfeeding champions who can advance the public policy agenda to improve breastfeeding outcomes at the national level both in Mexico and elsewhere.
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ADAM, K. I., and R. T. OLORUNGBEBE. "INTERNATIONAL TAX ISSUES UNDER THE NIGERIAN TAX LEGISLATION." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 12, no. 1 (November 26, 2018): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v12i1.3414.
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The drive for global economic integration has necessitated the development and adoption of certain international standards to guarantee increased certainty in business environment across nations and reduce levels of risks in the market. Considering the prominence of tax legislation as a major index or infrastructural component of an enabling environment necessary for optimum investments and business growth, this paper attempts to give an overview of issues relevant to international taxation and examines their level of conformity to global standards.
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Hughes, Rami, and David Thorpe. "A review of enabling factors in construction industry productivity in an Australian environment." Construction Innovation 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 210–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-03-2013-0016.
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Purpose – The purpose of the research discussed in this paper is to ascertain the perception, from the project manager's viewpoint, of factors affecting construction productivity in the State of Queensland, Australia. Design/methodology/approach – The research was conducted by a structured questionnaire that was sent to 89 randomly selected construction project managers in Queensland, Australia. This questionnaire requested background information about the respondents and then sought a score, using a 0-4 Likert scale, from each of them with respect to the importance of 47 factors identified from the literature that were considered likely to affect construction productivity. The factors were stratified into primary factors and secondary factors contributing to three of the primary factors. There were 36 responses. These factors were rated by the respondents and then ranked using a relative importance index approach. Findings – The research evaluated the relative importance of the primary factors with respect to their effect on construction productivity. The 15 highest ranking factors are discussed. Three factors – rework, poor supervisor competency, and incomplete drawings – were ranked as having a strong effect on construction productivity. There was also an analysis of the secondary factors in relation to three of the primary factors. Research limitations/implications – The research focused on the State of Queensland in Australia. It had a response rate of 40 per cent. It provides insight into the factors affecting productivity on construction projects in Australia. Further research to investigate the identified factors in depth, using targeted interviews of expert project management professionals, is currently being undertaken. Practical implications – The construction industry can use the findings in this paper as a basis for improving the productivity of construction projects. Originality/value – This research is original research, which has highlighted a number of key areas of which construction productivity can be improved.
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Ibrahim, Ali. "Issues in Higher Education: Analysis of 2017 Global Knowledge Index Data and Lessons Learned." Higher Education Studies 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n1p91.
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Despite considerable efforts to increase the quality of Higher Education (HE) in many countries, the absence of a methodology to guide scholars and policymakers to assess its quality has been a barrier. In 2017, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and Mohamad bin Rashid Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation (MBRF) launched the Global Knowledge Index (GKI), a tool by which data from 131 countries were collected for seven sectors—one of which was HE. In this paper, an analysis of the HE index data is introduced. Then, three key issues which emerged from data are discussed. The first issue is HE efficiency, which is measured by comparing the indexes of HE inputs and outputs. The second issue is the enabling environment factors that might support or limit the growth of HE. The third issue is the intricate relationship between HE, economy, and Research and Development (R&D). The study found that HE efficiency is declining globally except in a few areas. A strong positive relationship was found between the enabling environment and variables of political stability and government effectiveness and HE’s ability of knowledge production. Furthermore, strong relationships were found between HE outputs, economy, and R&D respectively. The study concludes with future directions for increasing the quality of HE.
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Rand, D. T., and A. C. Nicol. "An Instrumented Glove for Monitoring MCP Joint Motion." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 207, no. 4 (December 1993): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_298_02.
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A lycra glove has been instrumented with novel low-profile electrogoniometers to measure index and middle finger metacarpophalangeal (MCP) flexion/extension motion. It is lightweight and comfortable to wear, enabling portable, unobtrusive measurement of joint usage about the home or work environment. Preliminary results have shown it to be of comparable accuracy to existing clinical measurements. Many applications are envisaged in the fields of ergonomics, orthopaedics and rehabilitation.
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GOMRI, Zina, and Sana DJEGTA. "Measuring the Quality of Oil Sector Governance in Algeria Based on the Results of Resources Governance Index (RGI)." Journal of Finance & Corporate Governance 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.54960/jfcg.v3i2.47.
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The importance of oil and gas, as main materials using in most industrial products, in the development process makes the governance of hydrocarbons sector very important where the strength and weakness points in this sector should be precisely identified and an index for the quality of the use of such resources should be developed.
In this side, this study aims to measure the quality of governance practices related with oil industry in Algeria based on the three Resources Governance Principles, namely: value realization, revenue management and country’s enabling environment, contained in RGI adopted by the International Institute of Natural Resources Governance.
The research is a descriptive and an analytical research where the results of NRGI report have been analyzed. The main research’s findings are as follows: the lack of creating value due to the weakness of procedures which concerned as the basis for governance practices, the poor revenue management index due to the lack of governance framework that ensures the benefit of citizens from the wealth of extractive resources, the poor quality of the enabling environment due to the low level of accountability and transparency. Based on those results, the recommendations are: the necessity of providing information about extractive activities and implementing laws related to this sector, the need to join the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative by Algerian Government
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Martinson, Martti. "What is the enabling environment for local level youth participation? A comparative study of youth councils in the Australian state of Victoria and Estonia." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40988/.
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At a time of rapid change in the political involvement of young people, the creation of structures to facilitate the participation of young people in decision-making processes has been on the rise globally (Badham & Wade 2010; Farrow 2015). Youth councils are often created with the aim of representing the interests of young people in the community through advocacy, lobbying and provision of advice to decision-making bodies. At the same time the landscape of youth councils, particularly at a local government level, is varied and often lacking the evidence of best practice, an enabling environment and coordination.
This mixed-methods comparative case study research analysed the current environment and context in which youth councils are operating, and the experiences of former and current members of youth councils and the professionals that support their work, in the Australian state of Victoria and in Estonia. Semi-structured interviews and an online survey across the two countries and in two languages were employed from 2016 until 2017 to map the experiences and identify youth councils’ successes, gaps and potential for improvement. Qualtrics software was used to collect, analyse and code the survey data; data from semi- structured interviews was coded manually. The coding process identified key nodes and sub- nodes.
The results revealed that local level youth councils in Victoria and Estonia share many similarities, particularly in their aims, commonly undertaken activities and aspirations; however, there are also noticeable differences which can largely be attributed to the relevant legislative framework, policies, coordination mechanisms and resourcing for youth councils that exist in Estonia but not in Victoria. Through the results of this study, a framework for an enabling environment for youth councils was identified and conceptualised, using the Enabling Environment Index developed by CIVICUS (2013), the World Alliance for Citizen Participation, as a guide. The findings of this research also sought to provide an understanding of how the work of local level youth councils can be better supported and organised by policy, organisational and legislative measures to increase the effectiveness and benefits of these structures for young people and the community.
Books on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Foundation, Asia, ed. Economic governance index, 2007: A measure of the local enabling environment for private enterprise in Sri Lanka : final report. Colombo: Asia Foundation, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Moss, Vuyisani. "Creating a Development Bank to Finance Affordable Housing in South Africa is a Timely Catalyst to Address Demand and Supply Challenges." In African Studies, 810–26. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3019-1.ch044.
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The twin problems of affordability and accessibility that hamper the progress of housing in our country need to be addressed on a sustainable basis and the state needs to take on the role as a facilitator to create the enabling environment to encourage greater private sector participation. As a consequence, it is quite opportune to establish the Human Settlements Development Bank (HSDB). The mortgage finance affordability challenge is also attributable to key essential drivers, namely; house price index, disposable income, and the mortgage interest rates.
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Scano, Alessandro, Marco Caimmi, Andrea Chiavenna, Matteo Malosio, and Lorenzo Molinari Tosatti. "A Kinect-Based Biomechanical Assessment of Neurological Patients' Motor Performances for Domestic Rehabilitation." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 252–79. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9740-9.ch013.
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Stroke is one of the main causes of disability in Western countries. Damaged brain areas are not able to provide the fine-tuned muscular control typical of human upper-limbs, resulting in many symptoms that affect consistently patients' daily-life activities. Neurological rehabilitation is a multifactorial process that aims at partially restoring the functional properties of the impaired limbs, taking advantage of neuroplasticity, i.e. the capability of re-aggregating neural networks in order to repair and substitute the damaged neural circuits. Recently, many virtual reality-based, robotic and exoskeleton approaches have been developed to exploit neuroplasticity and help conventional therapies in clinic. The effectiveness of such methods is only partly demonstrated. Patients' performances and clinical courses are assessed via a variety of complex and expensive sensors and time-consuming techniques: motion capture systems, EMG, EEG, MRI, interaction forces with the devices, clinical scales. Evidences show that benefits are proportional to treatment duration and intensity. Clinics can provide intensive assistance just for a limited amount of time. Thus, in order to preserve the benefits and increase them in time, the rehabilitative process should be continued at home. Simplicity, easiness of use, affordability, reliability and capability of storing logs of the rehabilitative sessions are the most important requirements in developing devices to allow and facilitate domestic rehabilitation. Tracking systems are the primary sources of information to assess patients' motor performances. While expensive and sophisticated techniques can investigate neuroplasticity, neural activation (fMRI) and muscle stimulation patterns (EMG), the kinematic assessment is fundamental to provide basic but essential quantitative evaluations as range of motion, motor control quality and measurements of motion abilities. Microsoft Kinect and Kinect One are programmable and affordable tracking sensors enabling the measurement of the positions of human articular centers. They are widely used in rehabilitation, mainly for interacting with virtual environments and videogames, or training motor primitives and single joints. In this paper, the authors propose a novel use of the Kinect and Kinect One sensors in a medical protocol specifically developed to assess the motor control quality of neurologically impaired people. It is based on the evaluation of clinically meaningful synthetic performance indexes, derived from previously developed experiences in upper-limb robotic treatments. The protocol provides evaluations taking into account kinematics (articular clinical angles, velocities, accelerations), dynamics (shoulder torque and shoulder effort index), motor and postural control quantities (normalized jerk of the wrist, coefficient of periodicity, center of mass displacement). The Kinect-based platform performance evaluation was off-line compared with the measurements obtained with a marker-based motion tracking system during the execution of reaching tasks against gravity. Preliminary results based on the Kinect sensor suggest its efficacy in clustering healthy subjects and patients according to their motor performances, despite the less sensibility in respect to the marker-based system used for comparison. A software library to evaluate motor performances has been developed by the authors, implemented in different programming languages and is available for on-line use during training/evaluation sessions (Figure 1). The Kinect sensor coupled with the developed computational library is proposed as an assessment technology during domestic rehabilitation therapies with on-line feedback, enabled by an application featuring tracking, graphical representation and data logging. An experimental campaign is under development on post-stroke patients with the Kinect-One sensor. Preliminary results on patients with different residual functioning and level of impairment indicate the capability of the whole system in discriminating motor performances.
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Scano, Alessandro, Marco Caimmi, Andrea Chiavenna, Matteo Malosio, and Lorenzo Molinari Tosatti. "A Kinect-Based Biomechanical Assessment of Neurological Patients' Motor Performances for Domestic Rehabilitation." In Robotic Systems, 811–37. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1754-3.ch042.
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Stroke is one of the main causes of disability in Western countries. Damaged brain areas are not able to provide the fine-tuned muscular control typical of human upper-limbs, resulting in many symptoms that affect consistently patients' daily-life activities. Neurological rehabilitation is a multifactorial process that aims at partially restoring the functional properties of the impaired limbs, taking advantage of neuroplasticity, i.e. the capability of re-aggregating neural networks in order to repair and substitute the damaged neural circuits. Recently, many virtual reality-based, robotic and exoskeleton approaches have been developed to exploit neuroplasticity and help conventional therapies in clinic. The effectiveness of such methods is only partly demonstrated. Patients' performances and clinical courses are assessed via a variety of complex and expensive sensors and time-consuming techniques: motion capture systems, EMG, EEG, MRI, interaction forces with the devices, clinical scales. Evidences show that benefits are proportional to treatment duration and intensity. Clinics can provide intensive assistance just for a limited amount of time. Thus, in order to preserve the benefits and increase them in time, the rehabilitative process should be continued at home. Simplicity, easiness of use, affordability, reliability and capability of storing logs of the rehabilitative sessions are the most important requirements in developing devices to allow and facilitate domestic rehabilitation. Tracking systems are the primary sources of information to assess patients' motor performances. While expensive and sophisticated techniques can investigate neuroplasticity, neural activation (fMRI) and muscle stimulation patterns (EMG), the kinematic assessment is fundamental to provide basic but essential quantitative evaluations as range of motion, motor control quality and measurements of motion abilities. Microsoft Kinect and Kinect One are programmable and affordable tracking sensors enabling the measurement of the positions of human articular centers. They are widely used in rehabilitation, mainly for interacting with virtual environments and videogames, or training motor primitives and single joints. In this paper, the authors propose a novel use of the Kinect and Kinect One sensors in a medical protocol specifically developed to assess the motor control quality of neurologically impaired people. It is based on the evaluation of clinically meaningful synthetic performance indexes, derived from previously developed experiences in upper-limb robotic treatments. The protocol provides evaluations taking into account kinematics (articular clinical angles, velocities, accelerations), dynamics (shoulder torque and shoulder effort index), motor and postural control quantities (normalized jerk of the wrist, coefficient of periodicity, center of mass displacement). The Kinect-based platform performance evaluation was off-line compared with the measurements obtained with a marker-based motion tracking system during the execution of reaching tasks against gravity. Preliminary results based on the Kinect sensor suggest its efficacy in clustering healthy subjects and patients according to their motor performances, despite the less sensibility in respect to the marker-based system used for comparison. A software library to evaluate motor performances has been developed by the authors, implemented in different programming languages and is available for on-line use during training/evaluation sessions (Figure 1). The Kinect sensor coupled with the developed computational library is proposed as an assessment technology during domestic rehabilitation therapies with on-line feedback, enabled by an application featuring tracking, graphical representation and data logging. An experimental campaign is under development on post-stroke patients with the Kinect-One sensor. Preliminary results on patients with different residual functioning and level of impairment indicate the capability of the whole system in discriminating motor performances.
Conference papers on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Silva Junior, Anastacio, Nathan Mendes, Rogério Vilain, Marcelo Pereira, and Katia Cordeiro Mendonça. "On the Development of a Thermal Comfort Control for Classrooms Conditioned by Split-Type Systems." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11426.
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Abstract Thermal comfort conditions may vary substantially within an air-conditioned room equipped by split-type systems. In this work, the comfort conditions in a classroom were evaluated experimentally based on the PMV index, according to ISO 7730 Standard that defines the thermal satisfaction in occupied environments. The experiment was carried out at three different supply airflows (high, medium and low) and three set-point temperatures (23, 24 and 25°C). The results showed that there is a considerable variation in the air velocity field in the room as well as in the PMV values for three different supply airflows, consequently significant changes of thermal comfort indices can be noticed. Several curves were adjusted aiming to express the values of PMV, deriving a simplified comfort index for rooms conditioned by split-type systems based on dry-bulb air temperature and air speed. The purpose of this adjustment is to obtain an equation that provides the value of the comfort index for cooling purposes. Thus, for a certain condition of use, one can predict what will be the value of PMV in an occupied environment, enabling the implementation of a control system of the comfort according to this new index (ICS). The variables considered in obtaining the curve were the air temperature (Tar) and the air velocity (Var), since these two variables can be controlled directly by the split-type system. The general purpose of this work is to provide experimental data for the development of a low-cost device to automatically control ICS-based thermal comfort in a space conditioned by a split-type system through a single and representative point within the classroom.
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Breen, Thomas J., Ed J. Walsh, Jeff Punch, Amip J. Shah, Cullen E. Bash, Brandon Rubenstein, Scot Heath, and Niru Kumari. "From Chip to Cooling Tower Data Center Modeling: Influence of Air-Stream Containment on Operating Efficiency." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44091.
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In the drive to enhance data center energy efficiency, much attention has been placed on the prospect of airflow containment in hot-aisle cold-aisle raised floor arrangements. Such containment prevents airflow recirculation, eliminating the mixing effects of the hot and cold air streams that can cause an undesirable temperature rise at the inlet of the equipment racks. The intuitive assessment of the industry has been that the elimination of such mixing effects increases the energy efficiency of the data center cooling system by enabling delivery of air at higher inlet temperatures, thus reducing the amount of infrastructure cooling required. This paper employs an end-to-end modeling approach to analyze the effect of air stream containment in the computer room and its impact on the holistic system efficiency. Dimensionless heat index parameters are employed to characterize the effects of containment, recirculation and mixing within the computer room environment. The extent of recirculation is shown to primarily influence the operation of the rack and CRAC level cooling systems, with the chiller systems also impacted. The overall effect on the complete cooling system performance and data center efficiency requires balancing of these effects. Through this model analysis, it is shown that containment may negatively impact overall energy efficiency in some circumstances, and that recirculation may actually be beneficial to overall energy efficiency under certain system dependent operating thresholds.
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Taştan, Buket, and Kenan Terzioğlu. "Environmental Degradation: Monetary Transmission Mechanism and CO2 Emission." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c13.02552.
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As a result of recent changes in traditional risk perception accompanying industrialization and technology, global economic risks are increasingly based on the climate. While risks are considered using a two-dimensional approach in traditional risk perception, risk structures occur in a chain under globalization. In the concept of sustainability, environmental degradation and economic growth establish the link between environmental degradation and other macroeconomic variables. Monetary transmission channels—including the interest, exchange rate, asset price, credit, and expectation channels—impact the real economy and productivity by enabling capital accumulation, the orientation of small funds, and technological diffusion. In this context, the evaluation of the efficiency of monetary transmission channels and environmental degradation policy recommendations need to be addressed, especially, within the industrial sector. Although the cointegration approach is based on the fact that linear combinations of non-stationary series are stationary, cointegration analyses in which structural breaks are defined as dummy variables should be performed since the linear combination may change at a certain point in the sample. This study aims to reveal the effect of industrial production index and energy consumption on greenhouse gas emissions using a structural break approach with cointegration methods. Policy suggestions within the scope of sustainability are evaluated considering the long-term structural results among the variables.
Reports on the topic "Enabling Environment Index"
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Luomi, Mari, Fatih Yilmaz, and Thamir Alshehri. The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2021 – Methodology. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-mp02.
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The Circular Carbon Economy Index (CCE Index) aims to measure countries’ progress in and potential for achieving circular carbon economies (CCEs). The CCE Index is based on two sub-indices: one for measuring countries’ current performance in the various dimensions of the CCE and the other for gauging how countries are positioned to make progress toward the CCE, based on key enabling factors. The CCE Index also allows for additional comparisons among top oil-producing countries through a separate set of add-on indicators that estimate how these countries’ industrial performance and business environments are aligning with the CCE.
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Yılmaz, Fatih. Understanding the Dynamics of the Renewable Energy Transition: A Determinant Index Approach. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-mp03.
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Renewable energy is a key component of global energy transitions. To better identify its dynamics, this study constructs a composite index to measure countries’ renewable energy transition potential. Based on two decades of academic research, we identify 45 main enabling factors of the renewable energy transition. We classify these factors into seven subindices: economic factors, financial development, human capital, energy access, energy security, environmental sustainability and institutional infrastructure. We then aggregate the subindices into a composite index, which we call the renewable energy transition potential index. This index and its subindices are available for 149 countries for the period from 1990 to 2018.
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Rethinking the global microscope for financial inclusion: 2021 key findings report. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003957.
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The Global Microscope is a benchmarking index that has assessed the enabling environment for financial inclusion across 55 countries since 2007. This year, the Economist Impact team conducted an assessment of the index's existing data (2007-20) to understand the relationship between key financial inclusion enablers (i.e. policies, regulation and infrastructure) and financial inclusion outcomes. This report discusses the policies that have driven change, the priorities to keep in mind for the future, the tools that will help achieve these goals and the unique ways these priorities and tools apply across different parts of the financial system. Below we summarize our key findings: - A higher overall Global Microscope score showed a positive relationship with the number of accounts with formal financial institutions and mobile money providers among the population. - The Infrastructure domain had the strongest relation to account ownership, documenting the positive effects on inclusion from policies facilitating the expansion of payment systems, strong digital identification regimes, widespread connectivity, and robust credit information systems. The other four domains are Government and Policy Support, Stability and Integrity, Products and Outlets, and Consumer Protection. - Consumer Protection was also positively linked to the prevalence of bank accounts, underscoring the importance of measures to ensure that financial consumers are treated fairly across the range of distribution channels and products. - The magnitude and quality of regulatory implementation significantly impacts financial inclusion. Larger regulatory improvements were associated with increasingly larger gains in account ownership. * The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IDB, its Board of Directors or the countries they represent, nor of the MIF Donors Committee or the countries it represents.