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Journal articles on the topic 'Enacted values'
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Marie Schuh, Anna, and Geralyn M. Miller. "Maybe Wilson Was Right: Espoused Values and Their Relationship to Enacted Values." International Journal of Public Administration 29, no. 9 (September 2006): 719–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900690600767583.
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Gopinath, Mohan, Aswathi Nair, and Viswanathan Thangaraj. "Espoused and Enacted Values in an Organization: Workforce Implications." Management and Labour Studies 43, no. 4 (October 8, 2018): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0258042x18797757.
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It would seem logical that in a perfect world, a corporation’s espoused values would match its enacted values, This match of two sets of values is also known as ‘value congruence’, a situation where the organizational values are in tune with the employees’ values. However, there are many ways by which an organization can create a tension between its espoused and practiced values. The two main reasons relate to how it conducts its business and how it treats its employees. It was observed from the Espoused Value Analysis survey that only 40 per cent of the respondents perceive the employees in their organization are aware of the vision, mission and values. The findings also suggest that when behavioural integrity is boosted, then commitment to the espoused values of the organization is enhanced. Hence, it is inferred that there is significant gap between espoused and enacted values within the sample organizations chosen for the study. Despite this lack of awareness in values, 61 per cent of the employees felt their organization does not adopt unethical means to achieve business goals. The value congruence depends on how an organization deploys its value system, practices behavioural integrity and closes the perceived gaps.
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Gray, Deborah M., Karl L. Smart, and Misty M. Bennett. "Examining espoused and enacted values in AACSB assurance of learning." Journal of Education for Business 92, no. 5 (June 16, 2017): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2017.1335278.
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Lim, Chap Sam, and Liew Kee Kor. "‘Excellent’ primary mathematics teachers’ espoused and enacted values of effective lessons." ZDM 44, no. 1 (March 16, 2012): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11858-012-0390-5.
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Subramanian, S. "Stewardship Theory of Corporate Governance and Value System: The Case of a Family-owned Business Group in India." Indian Journal of Corporate Governance 11, no. 1 (June 2018): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974686218776026.
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Stewardship theory of corporate governance is a normative alternative to agency theory. This article argues that the stewardship behaviour of managers results in exemplary corporate governance practices when the espoused values of the firm are aligned with the enacted values. The case study method is used to prove this argument by studying corporate governance practices in a family-owned business group in India. The Murugappa Group is a 100-year-old family-owned business group, known for their ethical practices and currently managed by the fourth-generation family members, without undergoing any split. The espoused as well enacted values of the group are studied and corporate governance practices of the group firms analysed in this article. The article focuses on the governance structure of the group, its succession planning practices and the ownership structure. The analysis indicates that aligning the enacted values with the espoused value helped the group to adapt itself to the changing external economic environment and continue creating shareholder value, the essence of corporate governance.
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Howell, Andrea, Andrea Kirk-Brown, and Brian K. Cooper. "Does congruence between espoused and enacted organizational values predict affective commitment in Australian organizations?" International Journal of Human Resource Management 23, no. 4 (February 2012): 731–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.561251.
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Dorasamy, Nirmala, and Soma Pillay. "Institutionalising a value enacted dominant organisational culture: An impetus for whistleblowing." Corporate Ownership and Control 8, no. 3 (2011): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv8i3c2p6.
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Whistle blowing on organisational wrongdoing is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, a renewal of existing literature reveals that every potential whistle blower is not always inclined to blow the whistle, despite protection being accorded to whistleblowers through legislation. The cost of blowing the whistle can be a deterrent to potential whistle blowers. It is quite plausible that an organisational culture which institutionalizes a dominant value based system can decrease whistle blowers expectations of retaliation. The purpose of this article is to provide a conceptual framework for a dominant value enacted organisational culture which can serve as an impetus for whistle blowing in the public sector. It is important that organisations make their value systems “lived” practices to motivate potential whistleblowers to report on wrongdoing. It can be argued that the institutionalisation of enacted values can lead to low perceptions of retaliation, which is often a deterrent in blowing the whistle.
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SUGARHOOD, PAUL, PAMELA EAKIN, and LYNN SUMMERFIELD-MANN. "Participation in advanced age: enacting values, an adaptive process." Ageing and Society 37, no. 8 (June 20, 2016): 1654–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16000568.
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ABSTRACTThe concept of participation, introduced through models such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, has become increasingly important in health and social care. However, it has not been consistently defined or operationalised, and there is very limited research into participation in the context of advanced age and disability. This article reports a study which explored participation from the perspectives of community-living people aged over 80 years with physical rehabilitation needs. Using a grounded theory methodology, 11 participants aged 81–96 years were recruited from a National Health Service Trust in the United Kingdom. The main finding was that participation was experienced as the enacting of values. Values provided the motivation for specific ways of participating in life, guided actions and behaviours, and were the means through which participation was interpreted. Commonly enacted values were: connecting with others; maintaining autonomy; affirming abilities; doing the best you can; being useful; maintaining self-identity; and pursuing interests. A process was evident whereby participation was challenged by deteriorating health and losses and the participants adapted (or not) to overcome these challenges. To promote participation in advanced age, health and social care policy and practice must consider the values important to older people. Interventions should be congruent with these values and promote strategies through which they can be enacted.
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Wessel-Powell, Christy, Beth Anne Buchholz, and Cassie J. Brownell. "Polic(y)ing time and curriculum: how teachers critically negotiate restrictive policies." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 18, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 170–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-12-2018-0116.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to theorize teacher agency as enacted through a P/policymaking lens in three elementary classrooms. Big-P Policies are formal, top-down school reform policies legislated, created, implemented and regulated by national, state and local governments. Yet, Big-P policies are not the only policies enacted in literacies classrooms. Rather, little-p policies or teachers’ local, personal and creative enactments of their values and expertise are also in play in daily classroom decisions. Little p-policies are teachers doing their best in response to their students and school contexts. Design/methodology/approach Adapting elements of discursive analysis, this interpretive inquiry is designed to examine textual artifacts, situated alongside classroom events and particular local practices, to explicate what teachers’ policymaking enactments regarding time and curriculum look like across three distinct contexts. Using three elementary classrooms as examples, this paper provides analytic snapshots illustrating teachers’ policymaking to solve problems of practice posed by state and school policies for curriculum, and for use of time at school. Findings The findings suggest that teachers ration (aliz)ed use of time in ways that enacted personal politics, to prioritize children’s personal growth and well-being alongside teachers’ values, even when use of time became “inefficient.” An artifact from three focal classrooms illustrates particular practices – scheduling, connecting and modeling – teachers leveraged to enact little p-policy. Teachers’ little p-policy enactment is teacher agency, used to disrupt temporal and curricular policies. Originality/value This framing is valuable because little-p policymaking works to disrupt and negotiate temporal and curricular mandates imposed on classrooms from the outside.
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Meissonierm, Régis, Isabelle Bourdon, Serge Amabile, and Stéphane Boudrandi. "Toward an Enacted Approach to Understanding OSS Developer’s Motivations." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 8, no. 1 (January 2012): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jthi.2012010103.
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A large part of the existing literature on Open Source Software (OSS) projects identifies the motivation factors predicting the participation level of members. However, the effective satisfaction of developers toward their project still remains a managerial and theoretical challenge. So, it is also consistent to assess how the effective participation of developers in OSS projects makes sense of their own motivations. This article uses the enactivist approach and considers that motivations are not simple antecedents to actions but are shaped by actions as well. The empirical analysis delivers the results of a survey administrated to participants of business OSS projects. The results reveal reputation, reciprocity and expected professional opportunities as the most positively influenced variables. However, learning motivations and ideology toward open source beliefs and values are the lesser influenced ones. These results counterbalance prior empirical researches which have observed a strong predicting power of both variables on expected participation level of participants. This study suggests that participation seems to make sense regarding motivations for which developers have some visible indicators of their personal achievement.
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Grohnert, Therese, Roger H. G. Meuwissen, and Wim H. Gijselaers. "Valuing errors for learning: espouse or enact?" Journal of Workplace Learning 29, no. 5 (July 10, 2017): 394–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-11-2016-0102.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate how organisations can discourage covering up and instead encourage learning from errors through a supportive learning from error climate. In explaining professionals’ learning from error behaviour, this study distinguishes between espoused (verbally expressed) and enacted (behaviourally expressed) values with respect to learning from errors. Design/methodology/approach As part of mandatory training sessions, 150 early-career auditors completed an online questionnaire measuring error orientation and help-seeking behavior after making an error as attitude- and behavior-based measures, next to measuring perceived organizational learning from error climate. Multiple mediation analysis is used to explore direct and indirect effects. Findings Covering up errors was negatively and learning from errors positively related to an organisation’s learning from error climate. For covering up, this relationship is an indirect one – espoused and enacted values need to match. For learning from errors, this relationship is direct: espoused values positively relate to learning behaviour after errors. Practical implications By designing a supportive learning from error climate in which members at all hierarchical levels role-model learning from errors behaviour, organisations can actively discourage covering up and encourage learning from errors. Originality/value This study applies the theory of espoused versus enacted values to learning from error using a triangulation of measures in an understudied research setting: auditing.
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Oldham, Alex N., Lee D. Flood, and Pamela S. Angelle. "Support for Marginalized Children: Influences of Micro and Meso Contexts on Socially Just Principal Practices." NASSP Bulletin 104, no. 4 (December 2020): 292–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192636520976865.
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This qualitative case study research examines the perceptions of three U.S. principals as they work for social justice in the school level meso context as enacted through the lens of their micro contextual values and beliefs. Through interviews with three rural high school principals, we look to the influence of context on decision making through a study of the principals’ articulations of the role of context in supporting or hindering their work for marginalized children. Findings from this study point to the culture of the community in which the school was situated and the challenges sometimes associated with the community as the most mentioned meso factor that guided the principals’ practice. The micro context of the leader’s personal story was a testament to what they valued and how they enacted these values as a leader for social justice. The study concludes with a model which reconceptualizes the macro, meso, and micro relationships not as a directional relationship that indicates the influence of one context onto another, but as a structural bond suggesting interdependency.
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Pillay, Ansurie. "Espoused and enacted values of student teachers interrogating race, class, and gender in literary texts." Educational Research for Social Change 6, no. 2 (2017): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2221-4070/2017/v6i2a3.
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MATSUI, Shigenori. "Fundamental Human Rights and ‘Traditional Japanese Values’: Constitutional Amendment and Vision of the Japanese Society." Asian Journal of Comparative Law 13, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 59–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2017.25.
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AbstractEver since the Constitution of Japan was enacted in 1946, conservative Japanese people must have been unhappy with it. Their past attempts to enact a new constitution or to make radical revisions have been unsuccessful, but they might finally accomplish their goal under the current Abe Cabinet. Why are conservative people unhappy with the Constitution? It is because the Constitution prevents Japan from becoming a ‘normal state’, and it is deemed not in line with ‘traditional Japanese values’. The fundamental human rights provisions are their main target. Therefore, conservative people want to restore ‘traditional Japanese values’ by amending the bill of rights of the Constitution. This article will examine the reasons why conservative people are upset with the Constitution, how they would like to amend it, and whether their arguments are persuasive. It will conclude that their arguments, just like the ‘Asian values’ theory, are hardly justifiable and could completely undermine the foundation of individual rights protection.
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Barman, Mamta. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3130.
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The real wealth of any nation and any region lies in the wellbeing of its people. The three main problems in the world, are known as three-P-Population, Poverty, and Pollution. Pollution is the main problem of the modern world. The technological inventions and progress has over powered nature, it has also resulted in the thoughtless exploitation of nature. Awareness by educating everyone, to value the nature and maintain the natural environment are important need. A study was conducted a 50 private and govt. female school students to measure the environmental values. Environmental Value Test (Shrivastav& Dubey, 1995) was used to assess the environmental value of the sample age range varied from 16-17 yrs. Findings of the study reveal that there is degree of high environmental value among both urban groups. Eco-club, Vanmahotsava, Exhibitions are popular means of creating awareness about environment. The need of the hour is to discuss environmental issues as our environmental issues, at global level as a sense of duty. To protect the environment from the adverse effects of pollution, many nations worldwide have enacted legislation to regulate various types of pollution to mitigate their harmful effects.
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Passerini Glazel, Lorenzo. "Grasping an Ought. Adolf Reinach’s Ontology and Epistemology of Legal and Moral Oughts." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica 90 (March 28, 2020): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.90.03.
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We almost every day direct our actions with reference to social, moral or legal norms and oughts. However, oughts and norms cannot be perceived through the senses: how can we “grasp” them, then? Adolf Reinach distinguishes enacted norms and oughts created through a social act of enactment, from moral norms and oughts existing in themselves independently of any act, knowledge or experience. I argue that this distinction is not a distinction between two species of oughts within a common genus: it is rather a deeper ontological distinction between two modes of existence that are quite different, even though both are objective, according to Reinach. This ontological distinction is reflected in the way in which enacted oughts and moral oughts can be grasped, respectively: in the former case, the enacted ought is grasped by going back to the underlying social act from which it springs; in the latter, a “grasping through feeling” (fühlende Erfassen) of the moral values is implied.
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Yang, Lei, Peng Du, Huixia Zhang, and Bixi Cheng. "Research on Energy Conservation Behavior of Public Institution Personnel from the Perspective of “Espoused and Enacted Values”." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 821, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/821/1/012006.
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McKendry, Virginia L. "Visualizing Inclusive Leadership: Using Arts-based Research to Develop an Aligned University Culture." Engaged Scholar Journal: Community-Engaged Research, Teaching, and Learning 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15402/esj.v5i2.68339.
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Values of exclusive leadership characterize the administration of the neoliberal university, but are incongruous with values of inclusive leadership often enacted in the work of teaching, learning, and research. This article explores how an action research project to advance inclusive leadership at Royal Roads University adapted a visual data elicitation method and used metaphor analysis to reveal opportunities to align espoused, communicated, and enacted values. Images evoke metaphors (Mumby & Spitzack, 1983; Vakkayil, 2008) that enable researchers engaged in their own organizational development to elicit creative possibilities that are “covered up by the familiarity of everyday experience” (Koch & Deetz, 1981, p. 13). By eliciting desired qualities associated with inclusive leadership (Rayner, 2009), we have been able to make visible and model inclusive messages, structures, behaviours, strategies, and actions as the building blocks of a culture built on the value of inclusivity and collaboration, and the principles of diversity and interdependence. One key insight of the research is that arts-based action research effectively equips academic and administrative leaders to transcend deficit-based problem solving and the reductionism associated with neoliberal university management and to approach organizational development with the creative energy that arts-based research inspires.
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Olejarski, Amanda M. "Irrelevance of “Public Use” in State Eminent Domain Reforms." American Review of Public Administration 48, no. 7 (September 14, 2017): 631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074017729035.
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“Public use” is a constitutional limitation on the governmental authority to take private property using eminent domain. This study finds that it is irrelevant, an artifact of the federal constitution, in state reforms enacted in the last decade. Expansive language permitting economic development and private development have rendered public use to be merely symbolic. Forty-six states enacted takings reforms following Kelo v. New London, a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision in 2005; approximately 80% of those states allow economic or private takings while also invoking the public use. This mixed-method analysis and normative theoretical grounding explain stark contradictions in the prevailing reforms nationwide, resulting in substantive implementation challenges that may be mitigated by sensitivity to regime values, one of which is property.
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Ormerod, Neil. "The Law of the Cross and Climate Change." Theological Studies 82, no. 2 (June 2021): 238–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00405639211009947.
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Globally we are entering into uncharted waters as the current cycle of decline lurches towards ecological disaster. Lonergan posits the law of the cross as the divinely enacted redemptive path for overcoming decline and restoring humanity on the path of genuine progress. Faced with the prospect of unprecedented global suffering, what is the moment of redemptive suffering that Christians and others are called to enact in response to the present decline? Drawing on Lonergan’s notion of a scale of values, the article considers responses at the personal, cultural, and social levels of value and the timeframes in which they operate. It will argue that in our current situation, only social change, in terms of economic and political action, can operate in a timeframe adequate to the urgency of the problem.
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Houston, Ella. "Taking a Feminist Disability Studies Approach to Fundamental British Values." International Review of Qualitative Research 13, no. 1 (May 2020): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940844720908576.
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In this article, Fundamental British Values (FBV) are understood as a token attempt toward societal inclusion and empowerment of all citizens. Rather than providing meaningful routes for all individuals to be included in British citizenship, FBV are built on foundations of “inclusionism”—the inclusion of marginalized identity groups in society, on the premise that existing social structures are not threatened. Disabled women’s responses to sociocultural stereotypes surrounding disability and gender are interpreted through a feminist disability studies lens. Empirical data, gathered within a larger research project which examined disabled women’s responses to the representation of disabled women in Anglo-American advertising, are drawn on and connections are made between the growing trend of promoting diversity in advertising, and superficial approaches to diversity and empowerment of all citizens, enacted in FBV. Two key themes underpin this critical discussion: participant resistance to “pity” narratives surrounding the portrayal of disabled women in advertising and disabled women’s navigation of “belonging” in exclusionary environments.
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Hagqvist, Emma, Stig Vinberg, Jonathan Q. Tritter, Erika Wall, and Bodil J. Landstad. "The Same, Only Different: Doing Management in the Intersection between Work and Private Life for Men and Women in Small-scale Enterprises." Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 262–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019871244.
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The aim of this article is to elucidate how male and female managers of small-scale enterprises in Norway and Sweden relate to and experience the intersection between work and private life. A qualitative content analysis was adopted to explore interviews with 18 managers. The analysis resulted in three primary categories: conflict as a part of the deal, using management to construct balance, and management identity contributing to enrichment. A key theme that emerged was doing management. Both men and women reproduced masculine values in describing their management identities and in explaining how they enacted management. This clear identification was used to legitimate conflict, construct balance and explain the interaction between work and private life as enriching. How the managers enacted gender emerged primarily in how they related to family responsibilities and their feelings of guilt in relation to home and children.
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Hollinger, David A. "The Accommodation of Protestant Christianity with the Enlightenment: An Old Drama Still Being Enacted." Daedalus 141, no. 1 (January 2012): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00130.
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Throughout its history, the United States has been a major site for the accommodation of Protestant Christianity with the Enlightenment. This accommodation has been driven by two closely related but distinct processes: the demystification of religion's cognitive claims by scientific advances, exemplified by the Higher Criticism in Biblical scholarship and the Darwinian revolution in natural history; and the demographic diversification of society, placing Protestants in the increasingly intimate company of Americans who did not share a Protestant past and thus inspiring doubts about the validity of inherited ideas and practices for the entire human species. The accommodation of Protestant Christianity with the Enlightenment will continue to hold a place among American narratives as long as “diversity” and “science” remain respected values, and as long as the population includes a substantial number of Protestants. If you think that time has passed, look around you.
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Murray, Margaret Anne. "White, Male, and Bartending in Detroit: Masculinity Work in a Hipster Scene." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 49, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 456–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241620907126.
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The hipster scene in Detroit, Michigan, is explored via participant observation and in-depth interviews. Participants used hipster norms as a resource for masculinity dilemmas, including a lack of white- or blue-collar jobs and stable female partners. The analysis examines how these men successfully enacted their progressive values in some arenas (read: gender) but not in others (race relations). More specifically, their emphasis on the creative class, the bicycle as an attainable status symbol, and “bro-mances” served as masculinity balms. These strategies are examples of how homophobia and violence are not always the response to “threatened” masculinity. At the same time, participants enacted a definition of community and specific spatial practices that resulted in a subculture with a white majority within a city with a black majority. This work demonstrates how ethnography is a powerful tool for studying the intersectionality of race, gender, and class in subcultures.
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Singer, Marcus G., and Stephen R. L. Clark. "Value Judgments: Value Judgments and Normative Claims." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 24 (March 1988): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957042x00004776.
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A person's values are what that person regards as or thinks important; a society's values are what that society regards as important. A society's values are expressed in laws and legislatively enacted policies, in its mores, social habits, and positive morality. Any body's values—an individual person's or a society's—are subject to change, and in our time especially. An individual manifests his or her values in expressions of approval or disapproval, of admiration or disdain, by seeking or avoidance behaviour, and by his or her characteristic activities. What one values one seeks for or tries to maintain. Sometimes attaining it leads to unexpected enlightenment—that isn't what one wanted after all. But a person's values are discovered most significantly in a reflective way by becoming aware of what one is willing to give up to attain or maintain one's values. This is the price one is willing to pay for it, and values are occasionally, and in the money and stock markets always, expressed in terms of price. This can be significant or it can be misleading; it depends on how it is interpreted. Not everything has a monetary equivalent, despite the attempts of the law to provide recovery for damages in monetary terms, and despite the cynical maxim, ‘Everyone has his price’.
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Singer, Marcus G., and Stephen R. L. Clark. "Value Judgments." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 24 (March 1988): 145–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135824610000477x.
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A person's values are what that person regards as or thinks important; a society's values are what that society regards as important. A society's values are expressed in laws and legislatively enacted policies, in its mores, social habits, and positive morality. Any body's values—an individual person's or a society's—are subject to change, and in our time especially. An individual manifests his or her values in expressions of approval or disapproval, of admiration or disdain, by seeking or avoidance behaviour, and by his or her characteristic activities. What one values one seeks for or tries to maintain. Sometimes attaining it leads to unexpected enlightenment—that isn't what one wanted after all. But a person's values are discovered most significantly in a reflective way by becoming aware of what one is willing to give up to attain or maintain one's values. This is the price one is willing to pay for it, and values are occasionally, and in the money and stock markets always, expressed in terms of price. This can be significant or it can be misleading; it depends on how it is interpreted. Not everything has a monetary equivalent, despite the attempts of the law to provide recovery for damages in monetary terms, and despite the cynical maxim, ‘Everyone has his price’.
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Olszewski, Paula, Marilynn Kulieke, and Thomas Buescher. "The Influence of the Family Environment on the Development of Talent: A Literature Review." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 11, no. 1 (October 1987): 6–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235328701100102.
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This paper reviews the literature on the families of gifted and talented individuals for purposes of determining the importance of several broad areas in the talent development process. These are the structural or demographic characteristics of the family, family climate or family environment, values espoused by parents, and values enacted by parents. Family climate variables are found to distinguish between individuals who evidence creative achievement versus those who evidence academic achievement. While structural and demographic variables may mirror psychological processes within the family that influence the role of gifted children and interaction patterns with family members, success may be the result of numerous forces. Further research linking the values of parents with child-rearing practices and later child outcomes is clearly indicated.
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McGouran, Cathy, and Andrea Prothero. "Enacted voluntary simplicity – exploring the consequences of requesting consumers to intentionally consume less." European Journal of Marketing 50, no. 1/2 (February 8, 2016): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-09-2013-0521.
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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the impact intentional non-consumption has on consumer practices, the resulting consumption experiences and meanings attached to the actions of participants and what is learned from this relative to voluntary simplicity, most specifically when participants are asked to become voluntary simplifiers versus volunteering to do so. Design/methodology/approach – A phenomenological approach was applied utilising unstructured interviews and autoethnography. Data were analysed through the theoretical lens of voluntary simplicity within the contexts of contemporary Irish consumer culture and the collapse of the Celtic Tiger. Findings – The study highlights findings in four key areas: self-imposed parameters of intentional non-consumption and subsequent voluntary simplicity categories; motivations, practices and experiences of participants; the role intentional non-consumption plays relative to personal satisfaction, fulfilment and happiness; and how participant consumption practices reverted to “normal” once the study was complete. Research limitations/implications – This study focuses on an all-female group of participants; future research is warranted that explores the issue from a male perspective. Social implications – Findings are of particular interest to policy makers seeking to develop initiatives that reduce consumption practices and contribute to discussions that explore the role of consumption in modern society – in particular the wide-ranging debate on whether consumption leads to happiness and how consumers might be persuaded to consume in a more sustainable manner. Originality/value – This study adopts an innovative methodology that explores voluntary simplicity and contributes to an understanding of consumption culture by exploring what happens when consumers are asked to reduce their consumption and become voluntary simplifiers. An extension of Huneke’s definition of voluntary simplicity is offered, which recognises the role non-material consumption plays in consumption practices, and explores voluntary simplicity relative not only to individuals’ values and beliefs, as discussed in the literature, but also to their lifestyle activities and wider sociocultural and institutional factors.
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Pasaribu, Muldri Pudamo James, and Ningrum Natasya Sirait. "Triangular concept of legal pluralism in the establishment of consumer protection law." E3S Web of Conferences 52 (2018): 00032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185200032.
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The new paradigm in legal pluralism is closely related to the phenomenon of globalization. Laws of various levels move into limitless territories. There is a strong contact and adoption between international, transnational, national and local laws. Such circumstances make it impossible for mapping that a certain law (international, national, local) is separated from other law systems. This is a normative legal research with a comparative law approach. Law as a global phenomenon has the common values throughout the world, namely ethical moral values, social values and formal values of the state. The same values apply to the consumer protection law in Indonesia. Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection (UUPK) in Indonesia was developed on the basis of legal pluralism. The data were analyzed using a Triangular Concept of Legal Pluralism developed by Werner Menski. In conclusion, UUPK is a form of legal pluralism. It is enacted based on the community needs, legitimized by the state and based on values and ethics.
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Gross, Magdalena H., and Luke Terra. "What makes difficult history difficult?" Phi Delta Kappan 99, no. 8 (April 30, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721718775680.
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All modern nation-states have periods of difficult history that teachers fail to address or address inadequately. The authors present a framework for defining difficult histories and understanding what makes them difficult. These events 1) are central to a nation’s history, 2) contradict accepted histories or values, 3) connect with present problems, 4) involve violence enacted by the state or large groups of citizens, and 5) create disequilibria that require changes to historical understandings that may carry a personal or social cost.
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Cubbage, Frederick W., and William C. Siegel. "State and Local Regulation of Private Forestry in the East." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 5, no. 2 (June 1, 1988): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/5.2.103.
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Abstract State and local regulation of private forestry in the eastern United States is increasing. A number of statewide laws regulate the practice of forestry in some fashion. Many local governments in the northeastern states and a few in the South have enacted or considered ordinances governing logging operations, primarily to prevent property damage or to preserve amenity values. The trend toward disjointed local regulation may prompt renewed calls from the forestry sector for uniform state forest practice laws. North. J. Appl. For. 5:103-108, June 1988.
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Choudhury, Tufyal. "The radicalisation of citizenship deprivation." Critical Social Policy 37, no. 2 (January 9, 2017): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018316684507.
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This article addresses the regulation of citizenship in the UK, in particular the recent increased powers of citizenship deprivation against individuals suspected of involvement in terrorism. It examines the genealogy of such a practice and explains the juridical context of its use. It argues that changes in citizenship policies, broadening state power and removing substantive and procedural safeguards, have eroded equal citizenship by creating a hierarchy among British citizens. This radical policy shift has been enacted in the context of counter radicalisation policies that posit commitment to British values as a key weapon in the ‘war on terror’. Muslims are at best ‘Tolerated Citizens’, required to demonstrate their commitment to British values. Muslims holding unacceptable extremist views are ‘Failed Citizens’ while the ‘home-grown’ radicalised terrorist suspect is conceived of as the barbaric Other to British values, whose failure as a citizen is severe enough to justify the deprivation of citizenship.
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Oliver La Rosa, Jaime E. "Theremin in the Press: Instrument remediation and code-instrument transduction." Organised Sound 23, no. 3 (December 2018): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135577181800016x.
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This article shows how the theremin as a new musical medium enacted a double logic throughout its century-old techno-cultural life. On the one hand, in an attempt to be a ‘better’ instrument, the theremin imitated or remediated traditional musical instruments and in this way affirmed the musical values these instruments materialised; simultaneously, by being a new and different medium, with unprecedented flexibility for designing sound and human–machine interaction, it eroded and challenged these same values and gradually enacted change. On the other hand, the theremin inadvertently inaugurated a practice of musical instrument circulation using electronics schematics that allowed for the instrument’s reproduction, starting with the publication of schematics and tutorials in amateur electronics magazines and which can be seen as a predecessor to today’s circulation of open source code. This circulation practice, which I call instrument-code transduction, emerged from and was amplified by the fame the theremin obtained using its touchless interface to imitate or remediate traditional musical instruments, and in turn, this circulation practice has kept the instrument alive throughout the decades. Thus remediation and code-instrument transduction are not just mutually dependent, but are in fact, two interdependent processes of the same media phenomenon. Drawing from early reactions to the theremin documented in the press, from new media theory, and from publications in amateur electronics, this article attempts to use episodes from the history of the theremin to understand the early and profound changes that electric technologies brought to the concept of musical instruments at large.
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Monteiro Penteado, Ana Elisa. "The law of the land: intangible ad tangible rights in Aboriginal Australia." Revista de Direito Econômico e Socioambiental 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/rev.dir.econ.socioambienta.03.001.ao08.
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This article deals with the Convention on Biological Diversity, article 8 (j) in connection tothe national and local legislation to be enacted prior to article 8 (j) enforcement. It showsthat for legal protection of Indigenous Peoples’s intangible rights, land rights are to be resolvedby government and organisms devoted to land right claimed by Aboriginal Peoples.The experience of Australia through its recent colonization, decolonization and reviewof social values presented by Rudd Administration secured Indigenous Peoples rights. In conclusion, this article proposes a multi-action from historical, political, legal and jurisprudentialsources for article 8 (j) to be operative.
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Ayers, Benjamin C., C. Bryan Cloyd, and John R. Robinson. "The Effect of Shareholder-Level Dividend Taxes on Stock Prices: Evidence from the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993." Accounting Review 77, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 933–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.4.933.
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We investigate the effect of an increase in the individual (shareholder-level) income tax rate on share values. We regress cumulative daily abnormal stock returns surrounding the passage of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993 on firm dividend yield, tax status of the investor as represented by level of institutional ownership, the interaction of these two variables, and control variables. Consistent with our expectations, we find that (1) the higher the firm's dividend yield, the more negative the firm's stock price reaction to the increase in the individual income tax rate (i.e., the dividend tax rate) enacted in the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993, and (2) institutional holdings mitigate this negative reaction. Our results suggest that both the dividend policy of the firm and the tax status of the marginal investor influence the extent to which dividend taxes are reflected in share values. Our evidence is consistent with the traditional view that firm dividend policy influences the extent to which tax rate changes affect share values.
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Reis, Mónica Esteves. "Artistic and Cultural Values in the Churches of Diu: Reflections on Architecture, Iconography, and Artistic Processes." Asian Review of World Histories 8, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340078.
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Abstract As examples of the interpretative capacity, ingenuity, and art of local carvers, Indo-Portuguese altarpieces show how religious-cultural differences could be re-enacted to create new and very particular forms that enriched Indo-Portuguese artistic production. The Northern Province played an important role in the economy of Portuguese India from the sixteenth century until at least the eighteenth century. Although Diu was geographically distant from Goa, the capital of the State of India, and from Bassein, the nearest artistic production center, the artistic panorama in Diu’s churches nevertheless developed to a remarkable extent, and its many hybrid depictions bear witness to artistic-cultural exchanges. Ornamental figurative elements and architectural elements of Portuguese origin were refashioned using the language of local art and its symbols of devotion. In the carvings executed by local artisans, the symbols of local religions were transposed into the Christian decorative grammar with the aim of explaining, through images, the gospel of a new religion to devotees of a religion rooted in centuries of history, resulting in artistic-cultural hybridity.
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Fayard, Anne-Laure, Ileana Stigliani, and Beth A. Bechky. "How Nascent Occupations Construct a Mandate: The Case of Service Designers’ Ethos." Administrative Science Quarterly 62, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 270–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839216665805.
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In this paper, we study the way that nascent occupations constructing an occupational mandate invoke not only skills and expertise or a new technology to distinguish themselves from other occupations, but also their values. We studied service design, an emerging occupation whose practitioners aim to understand customers and help organizations develop new or improved services and customer experiences, translate those into feasible solutions, and implement them. Practitioners enacted their values in their daily work activities through a set of material practices, such as shadowing customers or front-line staff, conducting interviews in the service context, or creating “journey maps” of a service user’s experience. The role of values in the construction of an occupational mandate is particularly salient for occupations such as service design, which cannot solely rely on skills and technical expertise as sources of differentiation. We show how service designers differentiated themselves from other competing occupations by highlighting how their values make their work practices unique. Both values and work practices, what service designers call their ethos, were essential to enable service designers to define the proper conduct and modes of thinking characteristic of their occupational mandate.
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Neher, Alain, and Jane Maley. "Improving the effectiveness of the employee performance management process." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 6 (November 18, 2019): 1129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-04-2019-0201.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of managerial values in improving the effectiveness of employee performance management (EPM). Design/methodology/approach The research has been conducted as a conceptual study, in which EPM criteria are compared to managerial values and the related maturity model. A thorough review of the EPM and values literature identified relevant and significant works. Findings Despite copious extant literature on EPM, the process is riddled with persistent problems, particularly concerning the manager’s enthusiasm to adequately implement EPM and its subsequent effectiveness. A managerial grounded values framework is, therefore, proposed. Using a circular approach that is assisted by a values maturity model, it serves as a charter that guides the supervisor’s actions, goals, choices, decisions and attitudes; principles that are very much at the heart of an effective EPM process. Curiously, managerial values and EPM have not generally been connected. Practical implications This values-based circular framework contributes to the effectiveness of the EPM process and thus to a positive EPM experience that motivates, enhances engagement and guides personal development. When enacted individual values and EPM are linked, they are argued to lead to sustained superior financial performance. Originality/value This study makes an important and novel contribution to the performance literature by using a values-based maturity model to improve the effectiveness of the EPM process.
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Browne, Jennifer, Brian Coffey, Kay Cook, Sarah Meiklejohn, and Claire Palermo. "A guide to policy analysis as a research method." Health Promotion International 34, no. 5 (August 7, 2018): 1032–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day052.
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Summary Policy analysis provides a way for understanding how and why governments enact certain policies, and their effects. Public health policy research is limited and lacks theoretical underpinnings. This article aims to describe and critique different approaches to policy analysis thus providing direction for undertaking policy analysis in the field of health promotion. Through the use of an illustrative example in nutrition it aims to illustrate the different approaches. Three broad orientations to policy analysis are outlined: (i) Traditional approaches aim to identify the ‘best’ solution, through undertaking objective analyses of possible solutions. (ii) Mainstream approaches focus on the interaction of policy actors in policymaking. (iii) Interpretive approaches examine the framing and representation of problems and how policies reflect the social construction of ‘problems’. Policy analysis may assist understanding of how and why policies to improve nutrition are enacted (or rejected) and may inform practitioners in their advocacy. As such, policy analysis provides researchers with a powerful tool to understand the use of research evidence in policymaking and generate a heightened understanding of the values, interests and political contexts underpinning policy decisions. Such methods may enable more effective advocacy for policies that can lead to improvements in health.
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Wicks, Andrew C. "The Value Dynamics of Total Quality Management: Ethics and the Foundations of TQM." Business Ethics Quarterly 11, no. 3 (July 2001): 501–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857851.
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Abstract:Total Quality Management (TQM) has been the object of extensive discussion within the popular literature and is increasingly of interest among management scholars. Recent scholarship has focused on the theoretical foundations of TQM, particularly what makes it work, why so many firms have had problems implementing it, and under what circumstances it may create a sustainable advantage for individual firms. This paper extends the work in theory development regarding TQM and offers an empirically testable theoretical model of its function. The central claim of the paper is that embedded within TQM there are a set of moral values (“value dynamics”) that must be developed and maintained if it is to work, and that seeing them as moral values has significant theoretical and practical implications. That is, how TQM is understood and “enacted” (Weick 1979) by managers plays a significant role in determining its success. The discussion is linked to the ethics literature, normative implications of the model are explored, and directions for future research are outlined.
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Andrade-Dixon, Octavia. "Indigeneity and Blackness: Partners in the Struggles of Settler-Colonialism." Caribbean Quilt 5 (May 19, 2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/caribbeanquilt.v5i0.34371.
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The North American continent, as it is known today, has experienced forced transformations over the past five hundred years. Through the hands of different European powers, what is known as Turtle Island by many was transformed into a radically different society. Colonizers built this territory through violent and unjust processes of dispossession and through the structural genocide of Indigenous people and the enslavement of African peoples. These processes are conceptualized as Settler-Colonialism and Trans-Atlantic Slavery. Through colonial violence, Indigenous identities have faced a barrage of Western values imposed on their everyday lives. Further, these impositions and shifts in societal structure have become internalised and therefore naturalized within Indigenous livelihood. For the descendants of slaves throughout the Americas, similar generational traumas have been enacted upon them by colonizing powers. Although the same perpetrators enacted these traumas, and in the same geographic space, they are kept separate within colonial rhetoric. However, I contest that these are not wholly separate entities, but processes that are in conversation with each other and hold strong similarities. Black and Indigenous communities are directly influenced by settler-colonial morality through the naturalization of heteropatriarchy and evangelical practises into community governance. This heteropatriarchy is then weaponized by the cis-gendered heterosexual (cishet) male population for their societal advancement and to regulate the actions of women and queer/two-spirit persons.
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McElroy, Ruth. "Mediating home in an age of austerity: The values of British property television." European Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 5 (April 29, 2017): 525–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549417701758.
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Lifestyle television provides a dramatic space in popular culture where the values of neoliberalism are articulated, enacted and sometimes contested. The ideological reliance of this consumer-driven form of television on financial markets and economic growth has posed a significant challenge for programme-makers in the post-crisis recessionary era. This article explores the myriad ways in which British property television has responded to the global financial crisis, particularly as it has been framed discursively as a new age of austerity. Austerity is understood here as an ideological formation that mobilises a selective version of 20th-century British history in order to establish continuity of national values of thrift, poverty and collective stoicism that are seen to characterise a cohesive, British response to a crisis that emerges from external forces. The article charts the contradictions that become evident when the financial and ideological system upon which the property TV genre is reliant are being undermined. Although UK consumers’ access to mortgages has been a casualty of the crisis, the aspiration to home-ownership in Britain has survived relatively unscathed. This article illustrates how these contradictions are played out on-screen in diverse iterations of the property TV genre transmitted by British public service broadcasters, including new domestic craft series presented by property gurus. It argues that the genre, as a cultural and industrial artefact, is remarkably adaptable to new economic and ideological circumstances.
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Skinner, Heather. "The impact of cultural values and economic constraints on tourism businesses’ ethical practices." International Journal of Tourism Cities 5, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-12-2017-0087.
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Purpose Anecdotal evidence suggests that in times of economic constraints particularly in countries such as Greece that have long been stereotyped as corrupt, business practices amongst small- and medium-sized organisations that make up the majority of these nations’ tourism operators may become less than ethical or legal. The purpose of this paper is to explore these issues empirically in order to understand the impact of both cultural values and economic constraints on tourism businesses’ practices. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory case study using mixed methods has been adopted. Quantitative data were gathered from tourism business owners, managers and employees via questionnaires to establish the nature and scope of various unethical, illegal or immoral practices. Qualitative data were gathered to explore the ways these issues are considered and enacted. Findings Results show that there are many unethical and illegal practices that have been witnessed first-hand. Businesses’ attempts at acting in an ethical and socially responsible manner tend to be affected by not only cultural issues, but also economic constraints, yet there remains a desire to act in a way that does not impact negatively on tourists or on the local society and environment. Originality/value This research fills a gap in the literature relating to the ethical stance and practices of tourism entrepreneurs. It also presents an original conceptualisation of these issues in light of their location within the extant literature on ethics, corporate social responsibility and both sustainable and responsible tourism.
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Shelton, Dinah. "Normative Hierarchy in International Law." American Journal of International Law 100, no. 2 (April 2006): 291–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002930000016675.
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Systems of law usually establish a hierarchy of norms based on the particular source from which the norms derive. In national legal systems, it is commonplace for the fundamental values of society to be given constitutional status and afforded precedence in the event of a conflict with norms enacted by legislation or adopted by administrative regulation; administrative rules themselves must conform to legislative mandates, while written law usually takes precedence over unwritten law and legal norms prevail over nonlegal (political or moral) rules. Norms of equal status must be balanced and reconciled to the extent possible. The mode of legal reasoning applied in practice is thus naturally hierarchical, establishing relationships and order between normative statements and levels of authority.
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Cradden, Terry. "Trade Unionism, Social Justice, and Religious Discrimination in Northern Ireland." ILR Review 46, no. 3 (April 1993): 480–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399304600303.
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This article examines the actions of trade union leaders in response to religious discrimination in employment in Northern Ireland, and their influence on British Government policy-making on this question. The main finding is that despite the risk of alienating many members, the trade union movement persisted in seeking radical remedies for discrimination during the 1980s, and was influential in the shaping of anti-discrimination legislation enacted in 1989. The author finds points of similarity between this history and the AFL-CIO leadership's civil rights stand in the 1960s, and sees these examples as evidence that egalitarian values have played, and continue to play, an important role in shaping union purpose and action.
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Williams, Kieran. "When a Constitutional Amendment Violates the "Substantive Core": The Czech Constitutional Court's September 2009 Early Elections Decision." Review of Central and East European Law 36, no. 1 (2011): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/092598811x12960354394687.
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AbstractIn September 2009, the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic blocked the early dissolution of the lower house of the national legislature, as it had not taken place in the set of circumstances envisioned by the 1992 Czech Constitution. Instead, it had taken place by a special ad hoc constitutional amendment to shorten the normal term of office. The Court ruled that this amendment, although enacted in the correct procedure, violated core values of the Constitution. This article provides a full background to the case, analysis of the arguments developed by the petitioner, the court's reasoning, the impact of the decision and comparison with similar rulings by the high courts in other countries.
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Ojo, Sanya. "Black African perceptions of entrepreneurial outcomes in the UK." Society and Business Review 16, no. 2 (June 8, 2021): 278–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbr-06-2020-0087.
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Purpose This study aims to discover how ethnic entrepreneurs actually understand the performance of their business through clarification of key indicators they use in evaluating business success and failure. Design/methodology/approach The attribution of success and failure in business was investigated through in-depth interviews, bolstered by the self-determination theory, with some UK’s Black African entrepreneurs. Findings Findings suggest that ethnic entrepreneurs’ attribution of success and failure is not only subjectively constructed but also enacted through cultural symbolism. The combination of cultural and personal values provoked attitudinal idiosyncrasy that construes business failure as success. Originality/value The result offers valuable knowledge to academics/practitioners researching success and failure factors in the ethnic entrepreneurship field.
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Gaikwad, Shreyas, and Sanjay K. Srivastava. "Role of Phytochemicals in Perturbation of Redox Homeostasis in Cancer." Antioxidants 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10010083.
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Over the past few decades, research on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has revealed their critical role in the initiation and progression of cancer by virtue of various transcription factors. At certain threshold values, ROS act as signaling molecules leading to activation of oncogenic pathways. However, if perturbated beyond the threshold values, ROS act in an anti-tumor manner leading to cellular death. ROS mediate cellular death through various programmed cell death (PCD) approaches such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, etc. Thus, external stimulation of ROS beyond a threshold is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Phytochemicals have been widely regarded as favorable therapeutic options in many diseased conditions. Over the past few decades, mechanistic studies on phytochemicals have revealed their effect on ROS homeostasis in cancer. Considering their favorable side effect profile, phytochemicals remain attractive treatment options in cancer. Herein, we review some of the most recent studies performed using phytochemicals and, we further delve into the mechanism of action enacted by individual phytochemicals for PCD in cancer.
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Thomas, Elizabeth Bingham, and Carolyn Smith-Morris. "Family and Family-Like Relations for Transnational Migrants: Ideals of Care Informed by Kin, Non-Family, and Religion." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 42, no. 3 (June 24, 2020): 344–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986320937435.
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Studies of transnational family formation and care relationships suggest that, while family forms and care values are idealized, they are also negotiated, enacted, and fluid constructs. Strategies of resilience and mechanisms of flexible care achieved by transnational families are fine-tuned under multiple influences. Among these influences are well-known sources such as social networks, as well as less well-understood sources such as religious teachings. We report findings of a 4-month, ethnographic study among Latinx immigrants to the U.S. whose ( n = 14) narratives of family “care” reflect their ideals and simultaneously work to linguistically produce role continuity. Thematic results address three key strategies for achieving this continuity: (1) valuations of flexibility; (2) family-like care by non-family and church members; and (3) commitments to and reliance on new networks, particularly through church relations. We conclude by suggesting how family-like care, such as that from church relations, informs the flexible relational obligations, resources, resiliencies, and values of transnational migrants.
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Gaikwad, Shreyas, and Sanjay K. Srivastava. "Role of Phytochemicals in Perturbation of Redox Homeostasis in Cancer." Antioxidants 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10010083.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past few decades, research on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has revealed their critical role in the initiation and progression of cancer by virtue of various transcription factors. At certain threshold values, ROS act as signaling molecules leading to activation of oncogenic pathways. However, if perturbated beyond the threshold values, ROS act in an anti-tumor manner leading to cellular death. ROS mediate cellular death through various programmed cell death (PCD) approaches such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, etc. Thus, external stimulation of ROS beyond a threshold is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Phytochemicals have been widely regarded as favorable therapeutic options in many diseased conditions. Over the past few decades, mechanistic studies on phytochemicals have revealed their effect on ROS homeostasis in cancer. Considering their favorable side effect profile, phytochemicals remain attractive treatment options in cancer. Herein, we review some of the most recent studies performed using phytochemicals and, we further delve into the mechanism of action enacted by individual phytochemicals for PCD in cancer.