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Journal articles on the topic 'Encopresis in children'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Friman, Patrick C., Judith R. Mathews, Jack W. Finney, Edward R. Christophersen, and J. Michael Leibowitz. "Do Encopretic Children Have Clinically Significant Behavior Problems?" Pediatrics 82, no. 3 (1988): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.82.3.407.

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Pediatricians are increasingly recognized as the providers of choice for children with functional encopresis. The presence of clinically significant behavior problems could interfere with pediatric regimens for encopresis, however. To study the extent to which encopretic children exhibit behavior problems, we compared the scores on a standardized behavioral checklist for three randomly selected samples: a sample group of children with encopresis, a sample group of children with behavior problems, and a sample group of children without encopresis or behavior problems. All thres samples were mat

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2

Zaky, E., M. Rashad, H. Elsafoury, and E. Ismail. "Psychosocial profile of encopretic children and their caregivers in relation to parenting style." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1297.

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BackgroundThe role of psychological factors in the development and maintenance of encopresis is controversial.ObjectivesAssessment of the psychosocial profile of encopretic children and their caregivers in relation to parenting style compared to controls.MethodologyThe current cross sectional study comprised 90 Egyptian children classified into three groups: group I (encopresis without constipation and overflow incontinence), group II (encopresis with constipation and overflow incontinence), and group III (clinically healthy controls); each group included 30 children. Thorough clinical evaluat

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3

Stern, H. Patrick, Suzanne E. Stroh, Stephen C. Fiedorek, et al. "Increased Plasma Levels of Pancreatic Polypeptide and Decreased Plasma Levels of Motilin in Encopretic Children." Pediatrics 96, no. 1 (1995): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.1.111.

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Objective. Abnormalities of hormones affecting gastrointestinal motility have been found in "functional" disorders of the gastrointestinal system in adults. One such disorder of childhood, encopresis, is frequently associated with constipation, the treatment of which often eliminates the soiling. We hypothesized that hormones affecting gastrointestinal motility were different between encopretic patients and matched controls. Methods. Ten encopretic patients were matched by age, race, and sex with controls who had no history of encopresis or constipation. After an overnight fast, each child con

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4

Fiedorek, Stephen C., Cindy L. Pumphrey, and Helen B. Casteel. "Breath Methane Production in Children With Constipation and Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 10, no. 4 (1990): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1990.tb10032.x.

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SummaryBreath methane excretion is uncommon in children compared with adults. Certain intracolonic conditions, however, have been associated with enhanced methane generation. We hypothesized that encopretic and constipated children, who have abnormal colonic transit times, more likely would excrete methane than healthy children. To determine the prevalence of methane excretion among children with encopresis or simple constipation, we performed breath methane analysis on such patients and age‐, race‐, and sex‐matched control subjects. Encopretic patients (mean age, 8.3 ± 3.0 years) had daily, i

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5

Olaru, Claudia, Smaranda Diaconescu, Laura Trandafir, et al. "Chronic Functional Constipation and Encopresis in Children in Relationship with the Psychosocial Environment." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7828576.

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Functional constipation is an issue for both the patient and his/her family, affecting the patient’s psychoemotional balance, social relations, and their harmonious integration in the school environment. We aimed to highlight the connection between chronic constipation and encopresis and the patient’s psychosocial and family-related situation.Material and Method. 57 patients with ages spanning from 6 to 15 were assessed within the pediatric gastroenterology ward. Sociodemographic, medical, and psychological data was recorded. The collected data was processed using the SPSS 20 software.Results.

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6

Kammoun, W., A. Walha, I. Hadjkacem, et al. "The psychological profile and the counter attitudes of encopretic children's mothers: A Tunisian study." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.454.

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IntroductionPersistent encopresis is part of a fairly specific pathologic complex including personality, and familial factors. To a very large extent, interest in encopresis issues has revolved around the mother–child relationship.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to assess the psychological profile and the counter attitudes of encopretic children's mothers.MethodsWe led a retrospective and descriptive study carrying on 91 medical records of children with encopresis, followed in the outpatient child psychiatry department of the Hédi Chaker university hospital of Sfax over a period of seven yea

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7

Fishman, Laurie, Leonard Rappaport, Dominique Cousineau, and Samuel Nurko. "Early Constipation and Toilet Training in Children With Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 34, no. 4 (2002): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2002.tb07656.x.

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ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency of predisposing factors for encopresis before and during toilet training, comparing children with primary and secondary encopresis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, questionnaires from the initial evaluation at an encopresis clinic at a tertiary care pediatric hospital were reviewed for the presence or absence of factors in the first 2 years of life, for toilet training practices, and for disruptive events during the training process. Children younger than 48 months or those with organic defecation disorders were excluded.ResultsIn 411 children with

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8

Wald, Arnold, R. Chandra, Darleen Chiponis, and Stewart Gabel. "Anorectal Function and Continence Mechanisms in Childhood Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 5, no. 3 (1986): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1986.tb09085.x.

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Summary: We compared anorectal sensory and motor functions, expulsion dynamics, and continence mechanisms in 50 children with encopresis and 21 healthy control children. When expulsion dynamics were studied, 43% of boys with encopresis inappropriately contracted the muscles near the anal canal compared with 10% of girls with encopresis (p > 0.05) and 10% of control children of both sexes (p < 0.05). In contrast to previous studies we demonstrated no abnormalities of thresholds of conscious rectal sensation or internal anal sphincter relaxation. In addition, children with encopresis had n

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9

Bozo, Mahmoud. "Fecal Encopresis in a Syrian Pediatric Population: 10 Years Experience." Arab Board Medical Journal 24, no. 1 (2023): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/abmj.abmj_25_22.

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Objective: To identify the etiology of encopresis in Syrian children, describe the appropriate evaluation of encopresis, and outline the management options available for encopresis. Methods: This is a retrospective study to review children, 5 to 17 years of age, who experienced at least weekly fecal soiling for 6 months or longer. These children were eligible for the study from January 1, 2010 to June 1, 2020 in pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic in Damascus, Syria. Results: One hundred twenty children were included in the study: 82 boys (68%) and 38 girls (32%); mean age at enrollme

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10

Sentovich, Stephen M., Stuart S. Kaufman, Rebecca L. Cali, et al. "Pudendal Nerve Function in Normal and Encopretic Children." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 26, no. 1 (1998): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1998.tb00728.x.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Abnormal pudendal nerve function contributes to fecal retention and incontinence in adults. To determine the role of pudendal neuropathy in childhood, we prospectively evaluated pudendal nerve function in normal and encopretic children.Methods:We studied pudendal nerve terminal motor latency in 23 encopretic children and in an equal number of similarly aged, normal children. Anal manometry and electromyography were also obtained in all children.Results:Pudendal nerve latency in the encopretic children equaled 1.58 ± 0.33 msec, which was the same as that in control children.

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11

Fife, Stephen T., and Lindsey G. Hawkins. "Doctor, Snitch, and Weasel: Narrative Family Therapy With a Child Suffering From Encopresis and Enuresis." Clinical Case Studies 18, no. 6 (2019): 452–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534650119866917.

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Children who experience enuresis and encopresis can face many difficulties, including social isolation, shame, embarrassment, anxiety, and depression. Due to the prevalence of enuresis and encopresis, it is essential for mental health professionals to understand the common symptoms and available treatment options for enuresis and encopresis, particularly to assist parents struggling to help their children overcome these challenges. Despite this need, there is very little clinical literature that incorporates a systemic approach for families who have a child diagnosed with enuresis and encopres

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12

McClung, H. Juhling, Linda J. Boyne, Thomas Linsheid, et al. "Is Combination Therapy for Encopresis Nutritionally Safe?" Pediatrics 91, no. 3 (1993): 591–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.3.591.

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Chronic constipation accounts for 3% to 5% of pediatric primary care outpatient visits. The most severely affected of this group develop a flaccid colon insensitive to distention, and encopresis. Laxatives and lubricants have been the standard therapeutic agents during the bowel decompression phase of encopretic therapy. Fiber has been the cornerstone of maintenance programs. Each of these agents is accompanied by considerable anxiety in the lay literature. This study evaluates the safety of combined high-fiber, laxative, and lubricant therapy on bowel movement frequency, fecal soiling, and nu

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13

Fraser, A. M., and D. C. Taylor. "Childhood Encopresis extended into Adult Life." British Journal of Psychiatry 149, no. 3 (1986): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.149.3.370.

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The late prognosis of childhood encopresis is unclear: our literature reviews have failed to reveal any studies of it. Halpern (1977), discussing the effectiveness of treatment, states that this is difficult to evaluate “since encopresis is a self-limiting symptom”. Bellman (1966) followed up 186 children with encopresis seen at two Stockholm clinics; their age range at follow-up was 6–19 years. She found a steady decline in encopresis from the age of six in boys and eight in girls. It disappeared by the age of 16, although there were two relapses—one at 17 and one at 19.

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14

Seo, Jeong Wan. "Constipation and Encopresis in Children." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 44, no. 1 (2001): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2001.44.1.59.

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15

Hatch, Terry F. "Encopresis and Constipation in Children." Pediatric Clinics of North America 35, no. 2 (1988): 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36431-8.

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16

Loening-Baucke, Vera, Brenda Cruikshank, and Cassie Savage. "Defecation Dynamics and Behavior Profiles in Encopretic Children." Pediatrics 80, no. 5 (1987): 672–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.80.5.672.

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The social competence and behavioral profiles of 38 encopretic children were evaluated, and the social competence and behavioral ratings were correlated with physiologic abnormalities found during anorectal manometric and EMG evaluation and with treatment outcome. When defecation was studied, 66% of encopretic children were not able to defecate rectal balloons and 63% were not able to relax the external anal sphincter during defecation attempts. Total social competence and behavior problem scores were not different for boys able and unable to defecate balloons. Total social competence scores w

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17

Vuletic, Biljana. "Encopresis in Children: An Overview of Recent Findings." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 18, no. 2 (2017): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2016-0027.

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AbstractThe term ‘encopresis’, derived from ancient Greek ἐγκόπρησις / egkóprēsis, which means stool, was first introduced in 1926 by Weissenberg to describe the loss of stool in underwear as the faecal equivalent of enuresis. The soiling of underwear is defined as the accidental passage of very small amounts of faeces into underpants. Quantitatively, the content of stool between encopresis and soiling is difficult to determine, and it is especially difficult for parents assess it. Therefore, a new term was adopted – faecal incontinence – that encompasses both encopresis and soiling.Faecal inc

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18

Bereskin, D. "Diagnostics and Neuropsychological Correction of Children with Neurosis-Like Enuresis and Encopresis." Клиническая и специальная психология 6, no. 1 (2017): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2017060104.

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The experience of a work with a group of children with enuresis (six patients) and encopresis (one patient) both of residual-organic origin is analyzed in this article. Work included psychological diagnostic techniques and psychological correction. Psychological diagnostic evaluation was directed to the measurements of different characteristics of sensorimotor reactions, memory, attention and cognitive functions. Functional characteristics of the central nervous system in children with enuresis and encopresis were approximated to those recorded in their healthy peers, while the cognitive funct

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19

Loening‐Baucke, Vera. "Functional Fecal Retention With Encopresis in Childhood." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 38, no. 1 (2004): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2004.tb12113.x.

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ABSTRACTObjectivesThe most common cause of encopresis in children is functional fecal retention (FFR). An international working team suggested that FFR be defined by the following criteria: a history of >12 weeks of passage of <2 large‐diameter bowel movements (BMs) per week, retentive posturing, and accompanying symptoms, such as fecal soiling. These criteria are usually referred to as the ROME II criteria. The aims of this study were to evaluate how well the ROME II criteria identify children with encopresis; to compare these patients to those identified as having FFR by historical sym

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20

JOHNSTON, BRIAN D., and JEFFREY A. WRIGHT. "Attentional Dysfunction in Children with Encopresis." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 14, no. 6 (1993): 381???385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-199312010-00004.

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21

Wald, Arnold, R. Chandra, Stewart Gabel, and Darleen Chiponis. "Evaluation of Biofeedback in Childhood Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6, no. 4 (1987): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1987.tb09351.x.

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SummaryIn order to evaluate the efficacy of biofeed‐back for childhood encopresis, 50 children with enco‐presis were prospectively studied and randomized to receive biofeedback (B) or mineral oil therapy (M). Specificity of biofeedback was also evaluated by comparing outcomes of both regimens in children with normal (n = 32) and abnormal (n = 18) defecation patterns. Using a single blinded design, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the 24 children receiving B and the 26 children receiving M at 3, 6, and 12

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Loening‐Baucke, Vera. "Polyethylene Glycol Without Electrolytes for Children With Constipation and Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 34, no. 4 (2002): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2002.tb07654.x.

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ABSTRACTBackgroundChildren with functional constipation and encopresis benefit from behavior modification and from long‐term laxative medication. Polyethylene glycol without electrolytes has become the first option for many pediatric gastroenterologists.MethodsTwenty‐eight children treated with polyethylene glycol without electrolytes were compared with 21 children treated with milk of magnesia to evaluate the efficiency, acceptability, side effects, and treatment dosage of polyethylene glycol in long‐term treatment of functional constipation and encopresis. Children were rated as “doing well,

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23

BANEZ, G. "Functional disability in children with encopresis: the role of emotional difficulties and behavior in children with encopresis." American Journal of Gastroenterology 96, no. 9 (2001): S143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9270(01)03190-2.

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24

Badenhorst, Stefanie, Gertie Pretorius, and Anita Stuart. "Encopresis: a holistic approach." Acta Academica: Critical views on society, culture and politics 33, no. 2 (2001): 110–26. https://doi.org/10.38140/aa.v33i2.642.

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Encopresis is an often under-reported and poorly researched complexity. Earlier treatment followed either a medical or a psychological approach, with little acknowledgement of the social factors involved. Only recently has the biopsychosocial model been recognised. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the holistic treatment model with regard to the prevalence of encopresis, depressive symptomatology, parental involvement and the self-image of the children. The experimental group received treatment during the study while the control group received treatment only after

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25

Radford, Jo, and Maggie Anderson. "Encopresis in Children on the Autistic Spectrum." Early Child Development and Care 173, no. 4 (2003): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443032000079069.

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Iwata, G., N. Iwai, M. Nagashima, and R. Fukata. "New Biofeedback Therapy in Children with Encopresis." European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 5, no. 04 (1995): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1066212.

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27

Montgomery, Diane F., and Fernando Navarro. "Management of Constipation and Encopresis in Children." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 22, no. 3 (2008): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.02.009.

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28

Benninga, MA, RN van der Plas, JA Taminiau, and HA Büller. "Biofeedback training in children with solitary encopresis." Gastroenterology 108, no. 4 (1995): A569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(95)26590-2.

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Angerpointner, Thomas A. "New biofeedback therapy in children with encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Surgery 31, no. 3 (1996): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3468(96)90787-3.

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Murray, Robert D., B. Ulysses K. Li, H. Juhling McClung, Leo Heitlinger, and Donna Rehm. "Cisapride for Intractable Constipation in Children." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 11, no. 4 (1990): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1990.tb10156.x.

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Twelve patients with chronic constipation refractory to the vigorous use of emollients, enemas, and/or laxatives were chosen for study of the investigational prokinetic agent, Cisapride. The patients included 8 boys and 4 girls with diagnoses of functional constipation. Ages ranged from 2 to 13 years; duration of symptoms before Cisapride use ranged from 1.5 to 9.75 years; duration of previous treatment ranged from 0.75 to 6 years. The mean number of doses of anticonstipation agents employed per week was 14. Of the 12 patients, 10 had persistent encopresis, while 11 required hospitalization fo

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Lowery, Susan P., James W. Srour, William E. Whitehead, and Marvin M. Schuster. "Habit Training as Treatment of Encopresis Secondary to Chronic Constipation." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 4, no. 3 (1985): 397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1985.tb08869.x.

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Fifty‐eight encopretic children were placed on a habit training regimen consisting of initial disimpaction followed by attempts to defecate after a specific meal, and use of enemas contingent on failure to defecate for 2 successive days. All patients had gross incontinence of long duration. After an average of less than four visits in 5 months, 83% had an excellent outcome, 60% were completely continent, and 23% had only staining. Patients not achieving continence averaged a 90% decrease in frequency of incontinence. The mean frequency of incontinent episodes decreased from 13.2 to 0.52 per we

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Kalantarov, T. K. "Possibility of treatment of fecal incontinence in children." Medical Council, no. 11 (July 18, 2019): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-11-157-159.

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The results of treatment of eleven children aged six to eleven years with fecal incontinence were traced. It was found that nine of them did not have an organic cause of the disease. Regular irrigation of the rectum in this group of patients contributed to the elimination of the encopresis.

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Araújo, Ana Luísa Moreira Barreiro de, Ilana Andrade Santos do Egypto, and Milena Nunes Alves de Sousa. "Sentimentos e vivências das famílias e crianças acometidas pela encoprese." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Científico 25 (June 5, 2025): e20640. https://doi.org/10.25248/reac.e20640.2025.

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Objetivo: Analisar os impactos da encoprese na vivência e nos sentimentos das crianças e suas famílias. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2025, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol e com texto completo disponível. Utilizou - se como questão norteadora: Como a encoprese afeta os sentimentos e a vivência de crianças e suas famílias? A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados: Medical Publisher (PUBMED), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, por

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34

Galos, Felicia, Mihai Stoicescu, Mihai Munteanu, Gabriela Nastase, Malina Anghel, and Mihaela Balgradean. "CHRONIC CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN. AN UPDATE ON EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT." Romanian Journal of Pediatrics 64, no. 4 (2015): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjp.2015.4.3.

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Constipation is a common problem in childhood, with a children prevalence varying between 0.7% and 29.6%. Constipation is encountered in all pediatric age groups, with variably severity and duration, from mild and short to severe and chronic forms, with faecal impact and encopresis. This article review the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutically aspects of children constipation, functional in the majority of cases.

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Allah, Reham Abd El Monem Ibrahim Abd, Hossam Edin Fathalla El Sawy, Ihab Sayed Ramadan, and Akram Mohamed Elbatrany. "Encopresis in Children: Psychological Assessment and Evaluation of Behavioral Training Program." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 35, no. 23 (2023): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i235287.

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Background: Encopresis (fecal incontinence) is a disorder which affects children worldwide. It is even more stigmatized than enuresis and urinary incontinence and is associated with high levels of distress for both children and parents. The aim of the psychological work is assessing of patients with Functional fecal incontinence and assessment of the effectiveness of behavioral training program for the patients and their parents. Methods: This comparative cohort study was carried out at the Neuropsychiatry Department, Tanta University and Centre of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery-Tanta

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Seth, Rajeev, and Melvin B. Heyman. "MANAGEMENT OF CONSTIPATION AND ENCOPRESIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN." Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 23, no. 4 (1994): 621–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8553(21)00162-x.

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Fiedorek, Stephen C., Cindy L. Pumphrey, and Helen B. Casteel. "Breath Methane Production in Children With Constipation and Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 10, no. 4 (1990): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199005000-00010.

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Cox, D. J. "Psychological Differences Between Children With and Without Chronic Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 27, no. 7 (2002): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/27.7.585.

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Leiby, Alycia, Devendra Mehta, Vani Gopalareddy, Susan Jackson-Walker, and Karoly Horvath. "Bacterial Overgrowth and Methane Production in Children with Encopresis." Journal of Pediatrics 156, no. 5 (2010): 766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.10.043.

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40

Loening-Baucke, Vera A., and Brenda M. Cruikshank. "Abnormal defecation dynamics in chronically constipated children with encopresis." Journal of Pediatrics 108, no. 4 (1986): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80834-4.

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Fishman, Laurie, Leonard Rappaport, Dominique Cousineau, and Samuel Nurko. "Early Constipation and Toilet Training in Children With Encopresis." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 34, no. 4 (2002): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-200204000-00013.

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Kumar, S. Selva, S. Santha Kumar, and S. Alph Shirley. "Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children with functional constipation aged 6 to 12 years attending outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital at Tamil Nadu, India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 12 (2020): 2359. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20204943.

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Background: Functional constipation and obesity negatively impact children in several aspects. Objective was to find the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children with functional constipation in the age group of 6 to 12 yearsMethods: This cross-sectional study was done at the outpatient department of the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Surgery at Arunai Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India among 186 children with functional constipation aged 6 to 12 years. Data was collected from the parents and children using a predesigned questionnaire and clinica

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Campeotto, Florence, Servane Abt, Raphael Enaud, et al. "Biofeedback rehabilitation in children with encopresis due to retentive constipation using simple tools: a real-world study in a French paediatric centre." BMJ Paediatrics Open 8, no. 1 (2024): e003038. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2024-003038.

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This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of biofeedback (BFB) rehabilitation in children with retentive encopresis (RE). A retrospective, single-institution study was conducted in children with BFB sessions for RE between 2017 and 2020. Manometry data and associated envy scores were analysed. BFB was a success (recovery from RE or ≥50% reduction in faecal soiling) in 37/44 (84%) children at the last session and in 32/44 (73%) 6 months later. The median age of children was higher in the success group at 6 months (p=0.013). BFB could then be clinically effective in children with RE.

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OLARU, Claudia, Magdalena IORGA, Radian Alexandru OLARU, Nicoleta GIMIGA, Camelia SOPONARU, and Smaranda DIACONESCU. "Psychological aspects of patients with encopresis associated with chronic constipation." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 10, no. 4 (2015): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2015.4.5.

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Chronic constipation is an extremely common and costly condition that can negatively impact the patient’s quality of life, resulting in a major economic and social burden. Most patients do not understand their situation and suffer from social isolation. The developmental particularities of the child cause the etiology and symptomatology of constipation to differ from those described by adults, which requires a specific management in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The specialty literature to date relies on fragmented studies focused on these particularities, as well as on the multitude of as

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Loening‐Baucke, Vera A. "Factors Responsible for Persistence of Childhood Constipation." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6, no. 6 (1987): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1987.tb09434.x.

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SummaryIn this study 56% of children with chronic constipation and encopresis were unable to defecate rectal balloons. Most of them had an abnormal contraction of the external anal sphincter during defecation trials. Eighty‐six percent were still unable to defecate balloons 1 year later after having complied with a conventional treatment program. Only 14% of patients unable to defecate balloons had recovered by 1 year, whereas 64% of patients able to had recovered (p ‐ 0.02). Only 13% of patients unable to relax the external sphincter had recovered by 1 year, whereas 70% of those able to do so

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Akça, Ömer Faruk, Ayla Aysev, and İrem Öker Aycan. "Familial Features and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Children with Encopresis." Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 21, no. 4 (2011): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/bcp.20110502050441.

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Aoi, S., T. Shimotake, T. Tsuda, et al. "Clinical Consideration of Fecal Mass Removal for Children with Encopresis." Nippon Daicho Komonbyo Gakkai Zasshi 58, no. 7 (2005): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3862/jcoloproctology.58.407.

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LANDMAN, GARY B., LEONARD RAPPAPORT, TERRENCE FENTON, and MELVIN D. LEVINE. "Locus of Control and Self-Esteem in Children with Encopresis." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 7, no. 2 (1986): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-198604000-00007.

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Chaney, Carol A. "A Collaborative Protocol for Encopresis Management in School-Aged Children." Journal of School Health 65, no. 9 (1995): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1995.tb06232.x.

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Türkoğlu, Serhat, Ayhan Bilgiç, and Necati Uzun. "Effectiveness of Atomoxetine in the Treatment of Children With Encopresis." Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 35, no. 5 (2015): 622–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000000369.

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