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Journal articles on the topic 'End-expiratory lung volume'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Izumizaki, Masahiko, Michiko Iwase, Yasuyoshi Ohshima, and Ikuo Homma. "Acute effects of thixotropy conditioning of inspiratory muscles on end-expiratory chest wall and lung volumes in normal humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 101, no. 1 (2006): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01598.2005.

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Thixotropy conditioning of inspiratory muscles consisting of maximal inspiratory effort performed at an inflated lung volume is followed by an increase in end-expiratory position of the rib cage in normal human subjects. When performed at a deflated lung volume, conditioning is followed by a reduction in end-expiratory position. The present study was performed to determine whether changes in end-expiratory chest wall and lung volumes occur after thixotropy conditioning. We first examined the acute effects of conditioning on chest wall volume during subsequent five-breath cycles using respirato

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Owens, Robert L., Bradley A. Edwards, Atul Malhotra, and Andrew Wellman. "Expiratory Resistance Increases End-Expiratory Lung Volume during Sleep." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 185, no. 8 (2012): e10-e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201105-0912im.

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3

Hinz, J., G. Hahn, P. Neumann, et al. "End-expiratory lung impedance change enables bedside monitoring of end-expiratory lung volume change." Intensive Care Medicine 29, no. 1 (2003): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-002-1555-4.

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4

Dosman, Cara F., and Richard L. Jones. "High-Frequency Chest Compression: A Summary of the Literature." Canadian Respiratory Journal 12, no. 1 (2005): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/525813.

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The purpose of the present literature summary is to describe high-frequency chest compression (HFCC), summarize its history and outline study results on its effect on mucolysis, mucus transport, pulmonary function and quality of life. HFCC is a mechanical method of self-administered chest physiotherapy, which induces rapid air movement in and out of the lungs. This mean oscillated volume is an effective method of mucolysis and mucus clearance. HFCC can increase independence. Some studies have shown that HFCC leads to more mucus clearance and better lung function compared with conventional ches

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Wrigge, Hermann, Jörg Zinserling, Peter Neumann, et al. "Spontaneous Breathing Improves Lung Aeration in Oleic Acid–induced Lung Injury." Anesthesiology 99, no. 2 (2003): 376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200308000-00019.

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Background Experimental and clinical studies have shown reduction in intrapulmonary shunt with improved oxygenation by spontaneous breathing with airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) in acute lung injury. The mechanisms of these findings are not clear. The authors hypothesized that spontaneous breathing results in better aeration of lung tissue and that improvement in oxygenation can be explained by these changes. This hypothesis was studied in a porcine model of oleic acid-induced lung injury. Methods Two hours after induction of lung injury, 24 pigs were randomly assigned to APRV with

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Paula, Luis Felipe, Tyler J. Wellman, Tilo Winkler, et al. "Regional tidal lung strain in mechanically ventilated normal lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 121, no. 6 (2016): 1335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00861.2015.

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Parenchymal strain is a key determinant of lung injury produced by mechanical ventilation. However, imaging estimates of volumetric tidal strain (ε = regional tidal volume/reference volume) present substantial conceptual differences in reference volume computation and consideration of tidally recruited lung. We compared current and new methods to estimate tidal volumetric strains with computed tomography, and quantified the effect of tidal volume (VT) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on strain estimates. Eight supine pigs were ventilated with VT = 6 and 12 ml/kg and PEEP = 0, 6, and

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Henke, K. G., M. Sharratt, D. Pegelow, and J. A. Dempsey. "Regulation of end-expiratory lung volume during exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 1 (1988): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.135.

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We determined the effects of exercise on active expiration and end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) during steady-state exercise in 13 healthy subjects. We also addressed the questions of what affects active expiration during exercise. Exercise effects on EELV were determined by a He-dilution technique and verified by changes in end-expiratory esophageal pressure. We also used abdominal pressure-volume loops to determine active expiration. EELV was reduced with increasing exercise intensity. EELV was reduced significantly during even mild steady-state exercise and during heavy exercise decreased

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8

Farkas, G. A., M. Estenne, and A. De Troyer. "Expiratory muscle contribution to tidal volume in head-up dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 4 (1989): 1438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.4.1438.

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A change from the supine to the head-up posture in anesthetized dogs elicits increased phasic expiratory activation of the rib cage and abdominal expiratory muscles. However, when this postural change is produced over a 4- to 5-s period, there is an initial apnea during which all the muscles are silent. In the present studies, we have taken advantage of this initial silence to determine functional residual capacity (FRC) and measure the subsequent change in end-expiratory lung volume. Eight animals were studied, and in all of them end-expiratory lung volume in the head-up posture decreased rel

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9

Hammer, J., and C. J. Newth. "Effect of lung volume on forced expiratory flows during rapid thoracoabdominal compression in infants." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 5 (1995): 1993–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.5.1993.

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The rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RTC) technique is commonly used in pulmonary function laboratories to assess flow-volume relationships in infants unable to produce a voluntary forced expiration maneuver. This technique produces forced expiratory flows over only a small lung volume segment (i.e., tidal volume). It has been argued that the RTC technique should be modified to measure flow-volume relationships over a larger portion of the vital capacity range to imitate the voluntary maximal forced expiratory maneuver obtained in older children and adults. We examined the effect of volume

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10

Marciniuk, D. D., G. Sridhar, R. E. Clemens, T. A. Zintel, and C. G. Gallagher. "Lung volumes and expiratory flow limitation during exercise in interstitial lung disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 2 (1994): 963–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.2.963.

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Lung volumes were measured at rest and during exercise by an open-circuit N2-washout technique in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Exercise tidal flow-volume (F-V) curves were also compared with maximal F-V curves to investigate whether these patients demonstrated flow limitation. Seven patients underwent 4 min of constant work rate bicycle ergometer exercise at 40, 70, and 90% of their previously determined maximal work rates. End-expiratory lung volume and total lung capacity were measured at rest and near the end of each period of exercise. There was no significant change in e

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11

Pellegrino, R., V. Brusasco, J. R. Rodarte, and T. G. Babb. "Expiratory flow limitation and regulation of end-expiratory lung volume during exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 5 (1993): 2552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.5.2552.

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To investigate the impact of expiratory flow limitation (FL) on breathing pattern and end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), we imposed a small expiratory threshold load for a few breaths during exercise in nine volunteers (29–62 yr): six were healthy and three had mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction (67–71% predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s). Six subjects showed evidence of FL, i.e., tidal expiratory flow impinging on maximal forced expiratory flow, at one or more exercise levels. Whenever an expiratory threshold load was imposed, mean expiratory flow decreased (P < 0.02) in associati

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12

Henning, R. J. "Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on the right ventricle." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 3 (1986): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.3.819.

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Transmural cardiac pressures, stroke volume, right ventricular volume, and lung water content were measured in normal dogs and in dogs with oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema (PE) maintained on positive-pressure ventilation. Measurements were performed prior to and following application of 20 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Colloid fluid was given during PEEP for ventricular volume expansion before and after the oleic acid administration. PEEP significantly increased pleural pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance but decreased right ventricular volume, stroke volume, and mea

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13

Makris, Demosthenes, Sylvie Leroy, Johana Pradelli, et al. "Changes in dynamic lung mechanics after lung volume reduction coil treatment of severe emphysema." Thorax 73, no. 6 (2017): 584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210118.

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We assessed the relationships between changes in lung compliance, lung volumes and dynamic hyperinflation in patients with emphysema who underwent bronchoscopic treatment with nitinol coils (coil treatment) (n=11) or received usual care (UC) (n=11). Compared with UC, coil treatment resulted in decreased dynamic lung compliance (CLdyn) (p=0.03) and increased endurance time (p=0.010). The change in CLdyn was associated with significant improvement in FEV1 and FVC, with reduction in residual volume and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure, and with increased inspiratory capacity at rest/and

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14

Luo, Yuan Ming, Nicholas S. Hopkinson, and Michael I. Polkey. "Tough at the top: must end-expiratory lung volume make way for end-inspiratory lung volume?" European Respiratory Journal 40, no. 2 (2012): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00021912.

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15

Collino, Francesca, Francesca Rapetti, Francesco Vasques, et al. "Positive End-expiratory Pressure and Mechanical Power." Anesthesiology 130, no. 1 (2019): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000002458.

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Abstract EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE What We Already Know about This Topic Positive end-expiratory pressure protects against ventilation-induced lung injury by improving homogeneity of ventilation, but positive end-expiratory pressure contributes to the mechanical power required to ventilate the lung What This Article Tells Us That Is New This in vivo study (36 pigs mechanically ventilated in the prone position) suggests that low levels of positive end-expiratory pressure reduce injury associated with atelectasis, and above a threshold level of power, positive end-expiratory pressure causes lung inju

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16

Emeriaud, Guillaume, Pierre Baconnier, André Eberhard, Thierry Debillon, Pascale Calabrese, and Gila Benchetrit. "Variability of End-Expiratory Lung Volume in Premature Infants." Neonatology 98, no. 4 (2010): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000281262.

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17

Bonora, M., and M. Vizek. "Lung mechanics and end-expiratory lung volume during hypoxia in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 1 (1999): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.1.15.

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We investigated whether an hypoxia-induced increase in airway resistance mediated by vagal efferents participates in the increase in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) observed in hypoxia. We also assessed the contribution of the end-expiratory activity of the diaphragm (De) to this phenomenon. Therefore, we measured EELV, total lung resistance (Rl), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), De, and minute ventilation (V˙e) in anesthetized rats during normoxia and hypoxia (10% O2) before (control) and after administration of atropine or saline. In the control group, hypoxia increased EELV, Cdyn, De, andV

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18

VIDENOVIC, N., J. MLADENOVIC, V. VIDENOVIC, and R. ZDRAVKOVIC. "Comparative analysis of changes in the lungs of experimental animals’ induced conventional and lung protective ventilation." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 69, no. 1 (2018): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.16423.

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Mechanical ventilation has long been the leader in the treatment of critically ill and injured patients in an intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the application of positive end-expiratory pressure on histopathological findings and on the parameters of ventilation, oxygenation and acid-base status. The experimental study included 42 animals (piglets), which were divided into of tree groups, each containing 14. The animals of the control group (conventional ventilation) were ventilated with the tidal volume of 10-15 mL/kg. Tidal volume of 6 mL/kg was applied

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19

Lane, Harlan, Joseph Perkell, Mario Svirsky, and Jane Webster. "Changes in Speech Breathing Following Cochlear Implant in Postlingually Deafened Adults." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 3 (1991): 526–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3403.526.

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Three postlingually deafened adults who received cochlear implants read passages before and after their prostheses were activated while their lung volumes were measured with an Inductive plethysmograph that transduced the cross-sectional areas of the speaker’s chest and abdomen. Lung volumes at the initiation and termination of the speakers’ expiratory limbs, their average air flow, and the volume of air they expended per syllable were derived from tracings of calibrated lung volume displayed by computer. The activation of the speakers’ cochlear prostheses was followed in every case by a signi

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20

Stark, A. R., B. A. Cohlan, T. B. Waggener, I. D. Frantz, and P. C. Kosch. "Regulation of end-expiratory lung volume during sleep in premature infants." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 3 (1987): 1117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.3.1117.

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To investigate the regulation of end-expiratory lung volume (EEV) in premature infants, we recorded airflow, tidal volume, diaphragm electromyogram (EMG), and chest wall displacement during sleep. In quiet sleep, EEV during breathing was 10.8 +/- 3.6 (SD) ml greater than the minimum volume reached during unobstructed apneas. In active sleep, no decrease in EEV was observed during 28 of 35 unobstructed apneas. Breaths during quiet sleep had a variable extent of expiratory airflow retardation (braking), and inspiratory interruption occurred at substantial expiratory flow rates. During active sle

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21

Futier, Emmanuel, Jean-Michel Constantin, Antoine Petit, et al. "Positive end-expiratory pressure improves end-expiratory lung volume but not oxygenation after induction of anaesthesia." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 27, no. 6 (2010): 508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/eja.0b013e3283398806.

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22

Fuhrman, B. P., D. L. Smith-Wright, S. Venkataraman, and D. F. Howland. "Pulmonary vascular resistance after cessation of positive end-expiratory pressure." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 2 (1989): 660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.660.

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This report describes the pulmonary vascular response of infant lamb lung to abrupt cessation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during volume-regulated continuous positive-pressure breathing (CPPB). In an intact, endobronchially ventilated preparation, the increase in left lung blood flow (QL) after abrupt cessation of 11 Torr left lung PEEP was found to be gradual, although peak airway pressure (Pmax) fell promptly from 36 to 14 Torr; 49% of the increase in QL occurred greater than 10 s after cessation of PEEP. Recruitment of zone I vasculature that had been created by balloon occlus

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23

Darling-White, Meghan, and Jessica E. Huber. "The Impact of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Speech Breathing in Individuals With Parkinson's Disease: A Preliminary Study." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 26, no. 4 (2017): 1159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-16-0132.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the impact of expiratory muscle strength training on speech breathing and functional speech outcomes in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodTwelve individuals with PD were seen once a week for 8 weeks: 4 pretraining (baseline) sessions followed by a 4-week training period. Posttraining data were collected at the end of the 4th week of training. Maximum expiratory pressure, an indicator of expiratory muscle strength, and lung volume at speech initiation were the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcomes included lung volume at speec

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24

Richardson, Peter, and Jeffrey R. Carlstrom. "Effects of End-Expiratory Lung Volume on Lung Mechanics in Normal and Edematous Lungs." Respiration 47, no. 2 (1985): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000194754.

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25

Ramanathan, Kollengode, Hend Mohammed, Peter Hopkins, et al. "Single-Lung Transplant Results in Position Dependent Changes in Regional Ventilation: An Observational Case Series Using Electrical Impedance Tomography." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2471207.

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Background. Lung transplantation is the optimal treatment for end stage lung disease. Donor shortage necessitates single-lung transplants (SLT), yet minimal data exists regarding regional ventilation in diseased versus transplanted lung measured by Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT).Method. We aimed to determine regional ventilation in six SLT outpatients using EIT. We assessed end expiratory volume and tidal volumes. End expiratory lung impedance (EELI) and Global Tidal Variation of Impedance were assessed in supine, right lateral, left lateral, sitting, and standing positions in transplan

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Brégeon, Fabienne, Stéphane Delpierre, Bruno Chetaille, et al. "Mechanical Ventilation Affects Lung Function and Cytokine Production in an Experimental Model of Endotoxemia." Anesthesiology 102, no. 2 (2005): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200502000-00015.

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Background Mechanical ventilation using tidal volumes around 10 ml/kg and zero positive end-expiratory pressure is still commonly used in anesthesia. This strategy has been shown to aggravate lung injury and inflammation in preinjured lungs but not in healthy lungs. In this study, the authors investigated whether this strategy would result in lung injury during transient endotoxemia in the lungs of healthy animals. Methods Volume-controlled ventilation with a tidal volume of 10 ml/kg and zero positive end-expiratory pressure was applied in two groups of anesthetized-paralyzed rabbits receiving

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Johnson, B. D., K. W. Saupe, and J. A. Dempsey. "Mechanical constraints on exercise hyperpnea in endurance athletes." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 3 (1992): 874–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.3.874.

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We determined how close highly trained athletes [n = 8; maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) = 73 +/- 1 ml.kg-1.min-1] came to their mechanical limits for generating expiratory airflow and inspiratory pleural pressure during maximal short-term exercise. Mechanical limits to expiratory flow were assessed at rest by measuring, over a range of lung volumes, the pleural pressures beyond which no further increases in flow rate are observed (Pmaxe). The capacity to generate inspiratory pressure (Pcapi) was also measured at rest over a range of lung volumes and flow rates. During progressive exercise,

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Kumaresan, Abirami, Robert Gerber, Ariel Mueller, Stephen H. Loring, and Daniel Talmor. "Effects of Prone Positioning on Transpulmonary Pressures and End-expiratory Volumes in Patients without Lung Disease." Anesthesiology 128, no. 6 (2018): 1187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000002159.

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Abstract Background The effects of prone positioning on esophageal pressures have not been investigated in mechanically ventilated patients. Our objective was to characterize effects of prone positioning on esophageal pressures, transpulmonary pressure, and lung volume, thereby assessing the potential utility of esophageal pressure measurements in setting positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in prone patients. Methods We studied 16 patients undergoing spine surgery during general anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade. We measured airway pressure, esophageal pressures, airflow, and volume, a

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Taylor, Bryan J., Stephen C. How, and Lee M. Romer. "Expiratory muscle fatigue does not regulate operating lung volumes during high-intensity exercise in healthy humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 114, no. 11 (2013): 1569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00066.2013.

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To determine whether expiratory muscle fatigue (EMF) is involved in regulating operating lung volumes during exercise, nine recreationally active subjects cycled at 90% of peak work rate to the limit of tolerance with prior induction of EMF (EMF-ex) and for a time equal to that achieved in EMF-ex without prior induction of EMF (ISO-ex). EMF was assessed by measuring changes in magnetically evoked gastric twitch pressure. Changes in end-expiratory and end-inspiratory lung volume (EELV and EILV) and the degree of expiratory flow limitation (EFL) were quantified using maximal expiratory flow-volu

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Valenza, Franco, Federica Vagginelli, Alberto Tiby, et al. "Effects of the Beach Chair Position, Positive End-expiratory Pressure, and Pneumoperitoneum on Respiratory Function in Morbidly Obese Patients during Anesthesia and Paralysis." Anesthesiology 107, no. 5 (2007): 725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000287026.61782.a6.

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Background The authors studied the effects of the beach chair (BC) position, 10 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and pneumoperitoneum on respiratory function in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric banding. Methods The authors studied 20 patients (body mass index 42 +/- 5 kg/m2) during the supine and BC positions, before and after pneumoperitoneum was instituted (13.6 +/- 1.2 mmHg). PEEP was applied during each combination of position and pneumoperitoneum. The authors measured elastance (E,rs) of the respiratory system, end-expiratory lung volume (helium techn

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Dellacà, Raffaele L., Andrea Aliverti, Paolo Pelosi, et al. "Estimation of end-expiratory lung volume variations by optoelectronic plethysmography." Critical Care Medicine 29, no. 9 (2001): 1807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200109000-00026.

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Brack, Thomas, Amal Jubran, Franco Laghi, and Martin J. Tobin. "Fluctuations in End-Expiratory Lung Volume during Cheyne-Stokes Respiration." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 171, no. 12 (2005): 1408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200503-409oc.

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Zhang, Xiaobin, and Eugene N. Bruce. "Fractal Characteristics of End-Expiratory Lung Volume in Anesthetized Rats." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 28, no. 1 (2000): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.257.

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Finucane, Kevin E., and Bhajan Singh. "Role of bronchodilation and pattern of breathing in increasing tidal expiratory flow with progressive induced hypercapnia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 124, no. 1 (2018): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00752.2016.

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Hypercapnia (HC) in vitro relaxes airway smooth muscle; in vivo, it increases respiratory effort, tidal expiratory flows (V̇exp), and, by decreasing inspiratory duration (Ti), increases elastic recoil pressure (Pel) via lung viscoelasticity; however, its effect on airway resistance is uncertain. We examined the contributions of bronchodilation, Ti, and expiratory effort to increasing V̇exp with progressive HC in 10 subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 53% predicted. Lung volumes (Vl), V̇exp, esophageal pressure (Pes), Ti, and e

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Lugones, Ignacio, Matías Ramos, María Fernanda Biancolini, and Roberto Orofino Giambastiani. "Combined Ventilation of Two Subjects with a Single Mechanical Ventilator Using a New Medical Device: An In Vitro Study." Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2021 (February 18, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6691591.

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Introduction. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created a sudden lack of ventilators. DuplicARⓇ is a novel device that allows simultaneous and independent ventilation of two subjects with a single ventilator. The aims of this study are (a) to determine the efficacy of DuplicARⓇ to independently regulate the peak and positive-end expiratory pressures in each subject, both under pressure-controlled ventilation and volume-controlled ventilation and (b) to determine the ventilation mode in which DuplicARⓇ presents the best performance and safety. Materials and Methods. Two test lungs are connected to a

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36

Owens, Robert L., Atul Malhotra, Danny J. Eckert, David P. White, and Amy S. Jordan. "The influence of end-expiratory lung volume on measurements of pharyngeal collapsibility." Journal of Applied Physiology 108, no. 2 (2010): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00755.2009.

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Changes in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) affect upper airway stability. The passive pharyngeal critical pressure (Pcrit), a measure of upper airway collapsibility, is determined using airway pressure drops. The EELV change during these drops has not been quantified and may differ between obese obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and controls. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-treated OSA patients and controls were instrumented with an epiglottic catheter, magnetometers (to measure change in EELV), and a nasal mask/pneumotachograph. Subjects slept supine in a head-out plastic ch

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Cooper, J. A., H. van der Zee, B. R. Line, and A. B. Malik. "Relationship of end-expiratory pressure, lung volume, and 99mTc-DTPA clearance." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 4 (1987): 1586–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.4.1586.

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We investigated the dose-response effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and increased lung volume on the pulmonary clearance rate of aerosolized technetium-99m-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA). Clearance of lung radioactivity was expressed as percent decrease per minute. Base-line clearance was measured while anesthetized sheep (n = 20) were ventilated with 0 cmH2O end-expiratory pressure. Clearance was remeasured during ventilation at 2.5, 5, 10, 15, or 20 cmH2O PEEP. Further studies showed stepwise increases in functional residual capacity (FRC) (P less tha

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Spadaro, Savino, Salvatore Grasso, Dan Stieper Karbing, et al. "Physiologic Evaluation of Ventilation Perfusion Mismatch and Respiratory Mechanics at Different Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Patients Undergoing Protective One-lung Ventilation." Anesthesiology 128, no. 3 (2018): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000002011.

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Abstract Background Arterial oxygenation is often impaired during one-lung ventilation, due to both pulmonary shunt and atelectasis. The use of low tidal volume (VT) (5 ml/kg predicted body weight) in the context of a lung-protective approach exacerbates atelectasis. This study sought to determine the combined physiologic effects of positive end-expiratory pressure and low VT during one-lung ventilation. Methods Data from 41 patients studied during general anesthesia for thoracic surgery were collected and analyzed. Shunt fraction, high V/Q and respiratory mechanics were measured at positive e

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Barnas, G. M., R. B. Banzett, M. B. Reid, and J. Lehr. "Pulmonary afferent activity during high-frequency ventilation at constant mean lung volume." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 1 (1986): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.1.192.

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We recorded the responses of 21 slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors (PSRs) and 8 rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors (RARs) from the vagi of anesthetized open-chest dogs to high-frequency ventilation (HFV) at 15 Hz, at constant mean end-expiratory lung volume, and constant end-tidal PCO2. HFV applied in this way has been shown to prolong expiration. The responses of pulmonary afferents during HFV at constant mean volume have not been described. In the present experiments, receptor discharge during HFV was compared with that during the end-expiratory pause of normal-frequency v

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GRIVANS, C., S. LUNDIN, O. STENQVIST, and S. LINDGREN. "Positive end-expiratory pressure-induced changes in end-expiratory lung volume measured by spirometry and electric impedance tomography." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 55, no. 9 (2011): 1068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02511.x.

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Road, J. D., S. Osborne, and A. Cairns. "Stability of evoked parasternal intercostal muscle electromyogram at increased end-expiratory lung volume." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 4 (1995): 1485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.4.1485.

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The diaphragmatic electromyogram has been measured as an index of the level of diaphragmatic activation. The diaphragmatic electromyogram, however, even when measured by intramuscular electrodes, can be artifactually altered by a change in lung volume (A. Brancatisano, S. M. Kelly, A. Tully, S. H. Loring, and L. A. Engel. J. Appl. Physiol. 66: 1699–1705, 1989) or by a change in body position. The parasternal intercostal muscle may be less subject to the mechanisms that are believed to produce this artifactual change. We asked whether the parasternal intercostal electromyographic activity could

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Green, J. F., and M. P. Kaufman. "Pulmonary afferent control of breathing as end-expiratory lung volume decreases." Journal of Applied Physiology 68, no. 5 (1990): 2186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.5.2186.

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We studied reflex changes in breathing elicited by graded reductions in end-expiratory lung volume (EEVL) and the vagal nerves responsible. The chests of nine dogs anesthetized with alpha-chloralose were opened, and the lungs were ventilated by a phrenic nerve-driven servo-respirator. The immediate effects of a 50% reduction in end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure (EEPtp) from control (EEVL equivalent to functional residual capacity) were to significantly increase both tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (f) from 0.402 +/- 0.101 to 0.453 +/- 0.091 liter (mean +/- SD) and 11.8 +/- 5.4 t

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Reinius, Henrik, Lennart Jonsson, Sven Gustafsson, et al. "Prevention of Atelectasis in Morbidly Obese Patients during General Anesthesia and Paralysis." Anesthesiology 111, no. 5 (2009): 979–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181b87edb.

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Background Morbidly obese patients show impaired pulmonary function during anesthesia and paralysis, partly due to formation of atelectasis. This study analyzed the effect of general anesthesia and three different ventilatory strategies to reduce the amount of atelectasis and improve respiratory function. Methods Thirty patients (body mass index 45 +/- 4 kg/m) scheduled for gastric bypass surgery were prospectively randomized into three groups: (1) positive end-expiratory pressure of 10 cm H2O (PEEP), (2) a recruitment maneuver with 55 cm H2O for 10 s followed by zero end-expiratory pressure,

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Yen, Seiha, Melissa Preissner, Ellen Bennett, et al. "Interaction between regional lung volumes and ventilator-induced lung injury in the normal and endotoxemic lung." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 318, no. 3 (2020): L494—L499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00492.2019.

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Both overdistension and atelectasis contribute to lung injury and mortality during mechanical ventilation. It has been proposed that combinations of tidal volume and end-expiratory lung volume exist that minimize lung injury linked to mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to examine this at the regional level in the healthy and endotoxemic lung. Adult female BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in saline or with saline alone. Four hours later, mice were mechanically ventilated for 2 h. Regional specific end-expiratory volume (sEEV) and

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Albaiceta, Guillermo M., Luis H. Luyando, Diego Parra, et al. "Inspiratory vs. expiratory pressure-volume curves to set end-expiratory pressure in acute lung injury." Intensive Care Medicine 31, no. 10 (2005): 1370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-005-2746-6.

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Farkas, G. A., R. E. Baer, M. Estenne, and A. De Troyer. "Mechanical role of expiratory muscles during breathing in upright dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 3 (1988): 1060–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.3.1060.

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To examine the mechanical effects of the abdominal and triangularis sterni expiratory recruitment that occurs when anesthetized dogs are tilted head up, we measured both before and after cervical vagotomy the end-expiratory length of the costal and crural diaphragmatic segments and the end-expiratory lung volume (FRC) in eight spontaneously breathing animals during postural changes from supine (0 degree) to 80 degrees head up. Tilting the animals from 0 degree to 80 degrees head up in both conditions was associated with a gradual decrease in end-expiratory costal and crural diaphragmatic lengt

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Loring, Stephen H., Negin Behazin, Aileen Novero, et al. "Respiratory mechanical effects of surgical pneumoperitoneum in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 9 (2014): 1074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00552.2014.

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Pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery is known to stiffen the chest wall and respiratory system, but its effects on resting pleural pressure in humans are unknown. We hypothesized that pneumoperitoneum would raise abdominal pressure, push the diaphragm into the thorax, raise pleural pressure, and squeeze the lung, which would become stiffer at low volumes as in severe obesity. Nineteen predominantly obese laparoscopic patients without pulmonary disease were studied supine (level), under neuromuscular blockade, before and after insufflation of CO2 to a gas pressure of 20 cmH2O. Esophageal p

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Bonora, M., and M. Vizek. "Changes in end-expiratory lung volume and diaphragmatic activity during hypoxia and hypercapnia in cats." Journal of Applied Physiology 79, no. 6 (1995): 1900–1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.79.6.1900.

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To assess the role of diaphragmatic activity at the end of expiration (DE) in the control of end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), 1) these two parameters were correlated in anesthetized cats breathing different gas mixtures; and 2) expiratory flow volume curves in normoxia and hypoxia together with changes in esophageal pressure were measured. The influence of volume feedback on DE control was tested by applying positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). The effect of anesthesia was determined by measuring DE in unanesthetized cats. In hyperoxia, DE (but not EELV) decreased. In hypocapnic hypoxia

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O’Kroy, J. A., J. M. Lawler, J. Stone, and T. G. Babb. "Airflow limitation and control of end-expiratory lung volume during exercise." Respiration Physiology 119, no. 1 (2000): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-5687(99)00094-8.

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Chawla, G., and G. B. Drummond. "Fentanyl decreases end-expiratory lung volume in patients anaesthetized with sevoflurane." British Journal of Anaesthesia 100, no. 3 (2008): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aem376.

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