To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: End Systolic Volume (ESV).
Journal articles on the topic 'End Systolic Volume (ESV)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'End Systolic Volume (ESV).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sandor, George G. S., Ruby Popv, and Judith G. Hall. "135 CORRELATION OF PEAK SYSTOLIC PRESSURE/END SYSTOLIC VOLUME(PSP/ESV) AND END SYSTOUC PRESSURE/END SYSTOLIC VOLUME (ESP/ESV) RATIOS." Pediatric Research 19, no. 4 (1985): 133A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198504000-00165.
Full text
2
Renlund, D. G., G. Gerstenblith, J. L. Fleg, L. C. Becker, and E. G. Lakatta. "Interaction between left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes in normal humans." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 258, no. 2 (1990): H473—H481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.2.h473.
Full textAbstract:
The extent to which the end-systolic volume (ESV) “follows” the end-diastolic volume (EDV) when the latter changes in response to various perturbations is a major determinant of the cardiac ejection fraction (EF) and has not been studied in humans. We measured EDV, ESV, and EF, determined by gated blood pool scans, during a change in posture from the supine to the upright seated position and during graded upright bicycle exercise. The experimental group consisted of 119 healthy individuals (79 males and 40 females) ranging in age from 21 to 81 yr and in physical-conditioning status (75–225 W maximum work load); rigorous screening excluded cardiac disease. Multiple regression analysis showed that the change in ESV (delta ESV) during a postural shift or during graded exercise was highly statistically correlated with the change in EDV (delta EDV) that occurred (r2 ranged from 0.34 to 0.49, correlation is positive) regardless of age, sex, or exercise work load. The correlation of delta ESV with delta EDV observed in this large sample, heterogeneous with respect to age, sex, and physical fitness, was also present in additional 31 subjects who exercised during beta-adrenergic blockade (propranolol 0.15 mg/kg). The delta EF with posture change and exercise in all subjects under all conditions was highly and inversely correlated with the delta ESV (r2 ranged from 0.38 to 0.81). Thus the delta ESV during the circulatory adaptive response to orthostatic and exercise stresses in humans is related to the delta EDV, and this relationship modulates the delta EF in response to these stresses.
3
Lentini, A. C., R. S. McKelvie, N. McCartney, C. W. Tomlinson, and J. D. MacDougall. "Left ventricular response in healthy young men during heavy-intensity weight-lifting exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 6 (1993): 2703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.6.2703.
Full textAbstract:
We examined cardiac volumes (using echocardiography), intra-arterial blood pressure (BP), and intrathoracic pressure (ITP) in healthy males performing leg press exercise to failure at 95% of their maximum dynamic strength. Compared with preexercise, during the lifting phase of exercise, end-diastolic volume (EDV; 147 +/- 8 to 103 +/- 7 ml) and end-systolic volume (ESV; 54 +/- 5 to 27 +/- 4 ml) decreased (P < 0.05); heart rate (82 +/- 6 to 143 +/- 5 beats/min), systolic BP (160 +/- 6 to 270 +/- 21 Torr), diastolic BP (91 +/- 2 to 183 +/- 18 Torr), ITP (0.8 +/- 0.8 to 57.8 +/- 24 Torr), and peak systolic BP/ESV (SBP/ESV; 3.0 +/- 0.3 to 11.0 +/- 1.5 Torr/ml) increased (P < 0.05); and stroke volume decreased (94 +/- 3 to 77 +/- 4 ml; P > 0.05). Full knee extension was associated with most values returning to preexercise levels except for ESV (38 +/- 7 ml), heart rate (130 +/- 9 beats/min), and ITP (-12.5 +/- 2.1 Torr). During the lowering phase, significant decreases in EDV to 105 +/- 14 ml and ESV to 27 +/- 7 ml were observed with increases in systolic BP to 207 +/- 23 Torr, diastolic BP to 116 +/- 8 Torr, and SBP/ESV to 10.0 +/- 2.5 Torr/ml. Stroke volume decreased to 78 +/- 9 ml (P > 0.05). Thus rapid changes in cardiac volumes, contractility, and pressure occur during weight lifting that are related to different phases of the lift.
4
Faes, Theo J. C., and Peter L. M. Kerkhof. "The Volume Regulation Graph versus the Ejection Fraction as Metrics of Left Ventricular Performance in Heart Failure with and without a Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Mathematical Model Study." Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology 9s1 (January 2015): CMC.S18748. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmc.s18748.
Full textAbstract:
In left ventricular heart failure, often a distinction is made between patients with a reduced and a preserved ejection fraction (EF). As EF is a composite metric of both the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and the end-systolic ventricular volume (ESV), the lucidity of the EF is sometimes questioned. As an alternative, the ESV–EDV graph is advocated. This study identifies the dependence of the EF and the EDV–ESV graph on the major determinants of ventricular performance. Numerical simulations were made using a model of the systemic circulation, consisting of an atrium–ventricle valves combination; a simple constant pressure as venous filling system; and a three-element Windkessel extended with a venous system. ESV–EDV graphs and EFs were calculated using this model while varying one by one the filling pressure, diastolic and systolic ventricular elastances, and diastolic pressure in the aorta. In conclusion, the ESV–EDV graph separates between diastolic and systolic dysfunction while the EF encompasses these two pathologies. Therefore, the ESV–EDV graph can provide an advantage over EF in heart failure studies.
5
Kirschfink, Annemarie, Michael Frick, Ghazi Al Ateah, et al. "Evaluation of the Truncated Cone–Rhomboid Pyramid Formula for Simplified Right Ventricular Quantification: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 10 (2024): 2850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13102850.
Full textAbstract:
Background/Objective: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the reference method for right ventricular (RV) volume and function analysis, but time-consuming manual segmentation and corrections of imperfect automatic segmentations are needed. This study sought to evaluate the applicability of an echocardiographically established truncated cone–rhomboid pyramid formula (CPF) for simplified RV quantification using CMR. Methods: A total of 70 consecutive patients assigned to RV analysis using CMR were included. As standard method, the manual contouring of RV-short axis planes was performed for the measurement of end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV). Additionally, two linear measurements in four-chamber views were obtained in systole and diastole: basal diameters at the level of tricuspid valve (Dd and Ds) and baso-apical lengths from the center of tricuspid valve to the RV apex (Ld and Ls) were measured for the calculation of RV-EDV = 1.21 × Dd2 × Ld and RV-ESV = 1.21 × Ds 2 × Ls using CPF. Results: RV volumes using CPF were slightly higher than those using standard CMR analysis (RV-EDV index: 86.2 ± 29.4 mL/m2 and RV-ESV index: 51.5 ± 22.5 mL/m2 vs. RV-EDV index: 81.7 ± 24.1 mL/m2 and RV-ESV index: 44.5 ± 23.2 mL/m2) and RV-EF was lower (RV-EF: 41.1 ± 13.5% vs. 48.4 ± 13.7%). Both methods had a strong correlation of RV volumes (ΔRV-EDV index = −4.5 ± 19.0 mL/m2; r = 0.765, p < 0.0001; ΔRV-ESV index = −7.0 ± 14.4 mL/m2; r = 0.801, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Calculations of RV volumes and function using CPF assuming the geometrical model of a truncated cone–rhomboid pyramid anatomy of RV is feasible, with a strong correlation to measurements using standard CMR analysis, and only two systolic and diastolic linear measurements in four-chamber views are needed.
6
Atalay, Michael K., Kevin J. Chang, David J. Grand, Shawn Haji-Momenian, Jason T. Machan, and Florence H. Sheehan. "The Transaxial Orientation Is Superior to Both the Short Axis and Horizontal Long Axis Orientations for Determining Right Ventricular Volume and Ejection Fraction Using Simpson's Method with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance." ISRN Cardiology 2013 (April 14, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/268697.
Full textAbstract:
We sought to determine which of the three orientations is the most reliable and accurate for quantifying right ventricular (RV) volume and ejection fraction (EF) by cardiac magnetic resonance using Simpson’s method. We studied 20 patients using short axis (SA), transaxial (TA), and horizontal long axis (HLA) orientations. Three readers independently traced RV endocardial contours at end-diastole and end-systole for each orientation. End-diastolic volumes (EDVs), end-systolic volumes (ESVs), and EF were calculated and compared with the 3D piecewise smooth subdivision surface (PSSS) method. The intraclass correlation coefficients among the 3 readers for EDV, ESV, and EF were 0.92, 0.82, and 0.42, respectively, for SA, 0.95, 0.92, and 0.67 for TA, and 0.85, 0.93, and 0.69 for HLA. For mean data there was no significant difference between TA and PSSS for EDV (−2.6%, 95% CI: −8.2 to 3.3%), ESV (−5.9%, −15.2 to 4.5%), and EF (1.7%, −1.5 to 4.9%). HLA was accurate for ESV (−8.9%, −18.5 to 1.8%) and EF (−0.7%, −3.8 to 2.5%) but significantly underestimated EDV (−9.8, −16.6 to −2.4%). SA was accurate for EDV (0.5%, −6.0 to 7.5%) but overestimated ESV (10.5%, 0.1 to 21.9%) and had poor interrater reliability for EF. Conclusions. The TA orientation provides the most reliable and accurate measures of EDV, ESV, and EF.
7
Denault, Andre Y., John Gorcsan, and Michael R. Pinsky. "Dynamic effects of positive-pressure ventilation on canine left ventricular pressure-volume relations." Journal of Applied Physiology 91, no. 1 (2001): 298–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.1.298.
Full textAbstract:
Positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) may affect left ventricular (LV) performance by altering both LV diastolic compliance and pericardial pressure (Ppc). We measured the effect of PPV on LV intraluminal pressure, Ppc, LV volume, and LV cross-sectional area in 17 acute anesthetized dogs. To account for changes in lung volume independent of changes in Ppc and differences in contractility, measures were made during both open- and closed-chest conditions, during closed chest with and without chest wall binding, and after propranolol-induced acute ventricular failure (AVF). Apneic end-systolic pressure-volume relations (ESPVR) were generated by inferior vena caval occlusions. With the open chest, PPV had no effects. With the chest closed, PPV inspiration decreased LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) along its diastolic compliance curve and decreased end-systolic volume (ESV) such that the end-systolic pressure-volume domain was shifted to a point left of the LV ESPVR, even when referenced to Ppc. The decrease in EDV was greater in control than in AVF conditions, whereas the shift of the ESV to the left of the ESPVR was greater with AVF than in control conditions. We conclude that the hemodynamic effects of PPV inspiration are due primarily to changes in intrathoracic pressure and that the inspiration-induced decreases of LV EDV reflect direct effects of intrathoracic pressure on LV filling. The decreases in LV ESV exceed the amount explained solely by a reduction in LV ejection pressure.
8
Lisytenko, N. S., N. A. Morova, and V. N. Tsekhanovich. "Predicting coronary graft occlusion in males with type 2 diabetes: an annual prospective study." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 27, no. 4 (2020): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2020-27-4-189-200.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. Identification of factors affecting coronary bypass graft patency in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) during one year after coronary bypass grafting.Materials and methods. Coronary artery bypass grafting for stable effort angina was ordered in 23 men with T2D. The patients had transthoracic echocardiogram before surgery. All patients were verified for lupus anticoagulant (LA) in blood on the 14th day after surgery. A year later, the patients underwent coronary shuntography to assess bypass patency.Results. LA was detected in 15 of 23 patients (65%). One year after surgery, occlusions of coronary shunts were revealed in 10 of 23 patients. In patients with coronary shunt occlusions, end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, end-systolic and end-diastolic indices (EDD, ESD, EDV, ESV, ESI, EDI, respectively), as well as the LA ratio significantly exceeded those in patients without occlusions (Mann—Whitney p values 0.004, 0.012, 0.012, 0.006, 0.006, 0.004, 0.017, respectively). A method is proposed for predicting coronary shunt occlusions based on assessment of end-diastolic volume of left ventricle and the LA ratio.Conclusion. Echocardiographic values for left ventricle (EDD, ESD, EDV, ESV, ESI, EDI) and the LA ratio are predictors of coronary graft occlusions in patients with type 2 diabetes.
9
Mohammed, M. K., and S. I. Essa. "The effect of left ventricle ischemia severity on cardiac performance appeared on ejection fraction using radioactive TC 99m MIBI in comparison with echocardiography." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2114, no. 1 (2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2114/1/012006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Ischemic heart disease is a major causes of heart failure. Heart failure patients have predominantly left ventricular dysfunction (systolic or diastolic dysfunction, or both). Acute heart failure is most commonly caused by reduced myocardial contractility, and increased LV stiffness. We performed echocardiography and gated SPECT with Tc99m MIBI within 263 patients and 166 normal individuals. Left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured. For all degrees of ischemia, there was a significant difference between ejection fraction values measured by SPECT and echocardiography, and there were no significant differences among end systolic volume and end diastolic volume value calculated by two methods for all cases. The mean value for EDV (ECHO)/EDV (SPECT) was 1.07 ± 0.31 for degree (1, 2); in the degree 3 the mean value was 1.02 ± 0.08, and 1.005 ± 0.07 for degree 4. The mean value for ESV (ECHO)/ESV (SPECT) was 1.08 ± 0.34 for degree (1, 2); while 1.03 ± 0.12, 1.021 ± 0.128 for degree 3 and 4 respectively. This study was showed a good relation between left ventricular size and ejection fraction measured by SPECT with Tc99m, and echocardiography.
10
Dong, Sheng-Jing, Paul S. Hees, Wen-Mei Huang, Sam A. Buffer, James L. Weiss, and Edward P. Shapiro. "Independent effects of preload, afterload, and contractility on left ventricular torsion." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 277, no. 3 (1999): H1053—H1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.3.h1053.
Full textAbstract:
Shortening of oblique left ventricular (LV) fibers results in torsion. A unique relationship between volume and torsion is therefore expected, and the effects of load and contractility on torsion should be predictable. However, volume-independent behavior of torsion has been observed, and the effects of load on this deformation remain controversial. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with tagging to study the relationships between load and contractility, and torsion. In ten isolated, blood-perfused canine hearts, ejection was controlled by a servopump: end-diastolic volume (EDV) was controlled by manipulating preload parameters and end-systolic volume (ESV) by manipulating afterload using a three-element windkessel model. MRI was obtained at baseline, two levels of preload alteration, two levels of afterload alteration, and dobutamine infusion. An increase in EDV resulted in an increase in torsion at constant ESV (preload effect), whereas an increase in ESV resulted in a decrease in torsion at constant EDV (afterload effect). Dobutamine infusion increased torsion in association with an increase in LV peak-systolic pressure (PSP), even at identical EDV and ESV. Multiple regression showed correlation of torsion with preload (EDV), afterload (ESV), and contractility (PSP; r = 0.67). Furthermore, there was a close linear relationship between torsion and stroke volume (SV) and ejection fraction (EF) during load alteration, but torsion during dobutamine infusion was greater than expected for the extent of ejection. Preload and afterload influence torsion through their effects on SV and EF, and there is an additional direct inotropic effect on torsion that is independent of changes in volume but rather is force dependent. There is therefore potential for the torsion-volume relation to provide a load-independent measure of contractility that could be measured noninvasively.
11
Al Ateah, Ghazi, Annemarie Kirschfink, Michael Frick, et al. "Echocardiographic determination of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction: Validation of a truncated cone and rhomboid pyramid formula." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0290418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290418.
Full textAbstract:
Background Echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular (RV) measurements may be challenging. The aim of this study was to develop a formula for calculation of RV volumes and function based on measurements of linear dimensions by 2-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in comparison to cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods 129 consecutive patients with standard TTE and RV analysis by CMR were included. A formula based on the geometric assumptions of a truncated cone minus a truncated rhomboid pyramid was developed for calculations of RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and RV end-systolic volume (ESV) by using the basal diameter of the RV (Dd and Ds) and the baso-apical length (Ld and Ls) in apical 4-chamber TTE views: RV EDV = 1.21 * Dd2 * Ld, and RV ESV = 1.21 * Ds2 * Ls. Results Calculations of RV EDV (ΔRV EDV = 10.2±26.4 ml to CMR, r = 0.889), RV ESV (ΔRV ESV = 4.5±18.4 ml to CMR, r = 0.921) and RV EF (ΔRV EF = 0.5±4.0% to CMR, r = 0.905) with the cone-pyramid formula (CPF) highly agreed with CMR. Impaired RV function on CMR (n = 52) was identified with a trend to higher accuracy by CPF than by conventional echocardiographic parameters (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and fractional area change (FAC)). Conclusion Calculations of RV volumes and RV function by 2D TTE with the newly developed CPF were in high concordance to measurements by CMR. Accuracy for detection of patients with reduced RV function were higher by the proposed 2D TTE CPF method than by conventional echocardiographic parameters of TAPSE and RV FAC.
12
Magalhães Neto, Anibal Monteiro de, Nathália Maria Resende, Carlos Kusano Bucalen Ferrari, et al. "Echocardiographic analysis of the left ventricular function in elderly runners." ConScientiae Saúde 13, no. 4 (2015): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v13n4.4916.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: During the aging process, cardiovascular function suffers intense changes. Objective: To perform an echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function in elderly male athletes and non-athletes. Methods: Eleven elderly males were separated into two groups: group A, with six non-athletes (61.66 ± 3.20y) and group B, with eight athletes (62.75 ± 3.24y). Two-dimensional and M mode color Doppler echocardiography were used to assess heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), diastolic dimension (DD), systolic dimension (SD), end diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV), mass of the left ventricle (M), isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), and deceleration time (DT). Results: HR was significantly higher in Group A. The mean values of EDV, ESV, and DT were significantly higher in athletes (Group B). IRT and SV values were higher in Group A; and DD, DS and M trended to be higher in Group B, but without any statistical significance. Conclusions: The regular practice of running improved both hemodynamic and structural variables in elderly subjects.
13
Kadam, Satar M. "The Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular volumes assessed from 99mTC single photon emission tomography technique during stress and rest in relation to age in normal volunteer students." Sumer 1 8, CSS 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/css/s2023.08.01.22.
Full textAbstract:
The heart is subject to structural and functional changes with advancing age. Left ventricular compliance appears to decline with age, which could explain why the elderly have such a high rate of heart failure. Changes in heart function with age are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and morbidity. Various techniques have been used to measure the impact of age on heart structure and function. Subject and methods: The study included 221 healthy adult male and female volunteers (160 females and 61 males, 20–80 years of age). All healthy subjects volunteered to participate in this study. They were classified according to their age. All healthy subjects enrolled in the study underwent myocardial perfusion imaging following the 2-day rest–stress 99mTc sestamibi (GSPECT) protocol. At rest and during stress, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction using the GSPECT software were assessed both at rest and during stress for comparison. The following parameters were measured: left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The results show that the change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased during rest and stress in all age groups. In contrast, the change in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) increased during stress and rest compared with the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) for all ages. Results show a significant change in EDV, ESV, and EF% (16.49%, 30.35%, -7.49%) with p-value < 0.05 for the groups (20- 49). Also a significant change in EDV, ESV, and EF% (12.13%, 24.86%,-1.62%), respectively, with p-value <0.05. for age range (50-80) years. In conclusion, in people with no cardiac functional or structural problems, the aging process is linked to considerable alterations in left and right ventricular EF, ESV, and EDV. When assessing SPECT with 99mTc investigations, our findings highlight the need to adopt age-adapted data as a reference standard. Keywords: SPECT with 99mTC, Age, Hemodynamics, Rest and Stress
14
Tomczak, Corey R., Richard B. Thompson, Ian Paterson, et al. "Effect of acute high-intensity interval exercise on postexercise biventricular function in mild heart failure." Journal of Applied Physiology 110, no. 2 (2011): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01114.2010.
Full textAbstract:
We studied the acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise on biventricular function using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in nine patients [age: 49 ± 16 yr; left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF): 35.8 ± 7.2%] with nonischemic mild heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that a significant impairment in the immediate postexercise end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) would contribute to a reduction in EF. We found that immediately following acute high-intensity interval exercise, LV ESV decreased by 6% and LV systolic annular velocity increased by 21% (both P < 0.05). Thirty minutes following exercise (+30 min), there was an absolute increase in LV EF of 2.4% ( P < 0.05). Measures of preload, left atrial volume and LV EDV, were reduced immediately following exercise. Similar responses were observed for right ventricular volumes. Early filling velocity, filling rate, and diastolic annular velocity remained unchanged, while LV untwisting rate increased 24% immediately following exercise ( P < 0.05) and remained 18% above baseline at +30 min ( P < 0.05). The major novel findings of this investigation are 1) that acute high-intensity interval exercise decreases the immediate postexercise LV ESV and increases LV EF at +30 min in patients with mild HF, and this is associated with a reduction in LV afterload and maintenance of contractility, and 2) that despite a reduction in left atrial volume and LV EDV immediately postexercise, diastolic function is preserved and may be modulated by enhanced LV peak untwisting rate. Acute high-intensity interval exercise does not impair postexercise biventricular function in patients with nonischemic mild HF.
15
Kerkhof, Peter L. M. "Characterizing Heart Failure in the Ventricular Volume Domain." Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology 9s1 (January 2015): CMC.S18744. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmc.s18744.
Full textAbstract:
Heart failure (HF) may be accompanied by considerable alterations of left ventricular (LV) volume, depending on the particular phenotype. Two major types of HF have been identified, although heterogeneity within each category may be considerable. All variants of HF show substantially elevated LV filling pressures, which tend to induce changes in LV size and shape. Yet, one type of HF is characterized by near-normal values for LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and even a smaller end-systolic volume (ESV) than in matched groups of persons without cardiac disease. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates that, both in terms of shape and size, in men and women, the heart reacts differently to adaptive stimuli as well as to certain pharmacological interventions. Adjustments of ESV and EDV such as in HF patients are associated with (reverse) remodeling mechanisms. Therefore, it is logical to analyze HF subtypes in a graphical representation that relates ESV to EDV. Following this route, one may expect that the two major phenotypes of HF are identified as distinct entities localized in different areas of the LV volume domain. The precise coordinates of this position imply unique characteristics in terms of the actual operating point for LV volume regulation. Evidently, ejection fraction (EF; equal to 1 minus the ratio of ESV and EDV) carries little information within the LV volume representation. Thus far, classification of HF is based on information regarding EF combined with EDV. Our analysis shows that ESV in the two HF groups follows different patterns in dependency of EDV. This observation suggests that a superior HF classification system should primarily be founded on information embodied by ESV.
16
Michler, Kerstin, Christopher Hessman, Marcus Prümmer, Stephan Achenbach, Michael Uder, and Rolf Janka. "Cardiac MRI: An Alternative Method to Determine the Left Ventricular Function." Diagnostics 13, no. 8 (2023): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13081437.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: With the conventional contour surface method (KfM) for the evaluation of cardiac function parameters, the papillary muscle is considered to be part of the left ventricular volume. This systematic error can be avoided with a relatively easy-to-implement pixel-based evaluation method (PbM). The objective of this thesis is to compare the KfM and the PbM with regard to their difference due to papillary muscle volume exclusion. (2) Material and Methods: In the retrospective study, 191 cardiac-MR image data sets (126 male, 65 female; median age 51 years; age distribution 20–75 years) were analysed. The left ventricular function parameters: end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF) and stroke volume (SV) were determined using classical KfW (syngo.via and cvi42 = gold standard) and PbM. Papillary muscle volume was calculated and segmented automatically via cvi42. The time required for evaluation with the PbM was collected. (3) Results: The size of EDV was 177 mL (69–444.5 mL) [average, [minimum–maximum]], ESV was 87 mL (20–361.4 mL), SV was 88 mL and EF was 50% (13–80%) in the pixel-based evaluation. The corresponding values with cvi42 were EDV 193 mL (89–476 mL), ESV 101 mL (34–411 mL), SV 90 mL and EF 45% (12–73%) and syngo.via: EDV 188 mL (74–447 mL), ESV 99 mL (29–358 mL), SV 89 mL (27–176 mL) and EF 47% (13–84%). The comparison between the PbM and KfM showed a negative difference for end-diastolic volume, a negative difference for end-systolic volume and a positive difference for ejection fraction. No difference was seen in stroke volume. The mean papillary muscle volume was calculated to be 14.2 mL. The evaluation with PbM took an average of 2:02 min. (4) Conclusion: PbM is easy and fast to perform for the determination of left ventricular cardiac function. It provides comparable results to the established disc/contour area method in terms of stroke volume and measures “true” left ventricular cardiac function while omitting the papillary muscles. This results in an average 6% higher ejection fraction, which can have a significant influence on therapy decisions.
17
Kamińska, Halszka, Łukasz A. Małek, Marzena Barczuk-Falęcka, and Bożena Werner. "Usefulness of three-dimensional echocardiography for assessment of left and right ventricular volumes in children, verified by cardiac magnetic resonance. Can we overcome the discrepancy?" Archives of Medical Science 17, no. 1 (2021): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2019.84215.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe role of three-dimensional echocardiography (3D-ECHO) chamber quantification in children is still underestimated.Material and methodsIn 43 children 3D-ECHO measurements of end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic ventricular volumes (ESV) were compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) using Bland-Altman analysis and linear regression. The values of left and right ventricular volumes calculated in 3D-ECHO were compared with each other and verified by CMR.ResultsThe values of LV-EDV and LV-ESV measured in 3D-ECHO showed highly significant correlations with CMR (for LV-EDV r = 0.892, p < 0.00001; for LV-ESV r = 0.896, p < 0.00001). In the case of the right ventricle the correlation of 3D-ECHO results with CMR was still high (RV-EDV r = 0.848, p < 0.00001, RV-ESV r = 0.914, p < 0.00001), although mean RV-EDV and RV-ESV in 3D-ECHO were underestimated compared to CMR (by 38% for RV-EDV and 45% for RV-ESV). Correction of 3D-ECHO results using the coefficient of 1.38 and 1.45 for RV-EDV and RV-ESV, respectively, significantly improved the consistency of the results with CMR. 3D-ECHO offered lower mean values of right ventricular volumes compared to the left ventricle. The discrepancy was again reduced by the calculated coefficients.Conclusions3D-ECHO is a valuable tool for assessment of left ventricular volume, which strongly correlates and agrees with CMR. The right ventricular volumes calculated in 3D-ECHO tend to be significantly underestimated in comparison to CMR and corresponding left ventricular volumes obtained from 3D-ECHO. The use of coefficients developed by the study improves the consistency of right ventricular volumes measured by 3D-ECHO with results obtained by CMR and reduces the volumetric discrepancy between ventricles in 3D-ECHO.
18
Gufler, Hubert, Sabine Wagner, Sabine Niefeldt, et al. "Levels of agreement between cardiac magnetic resonance and conductance catheter measurements of right ventricular volumes after pulmonary artery banding." Acta Radiologica 61, no. 7 (2019): 894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185119886318.
Full textAbstract:
Background Pressure-volume analysis is the gold standard for quantifying pump function of the right ventricle (RV); however, volume measurements based on a conductive catheter may be imprecise. The reference method for volume assessment is cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Purpose To determine the levels of agreement between RV volume measurements obtained by cine CMR, phase-contrast CMR (PC CMR), and a conductance catheter in an animal model. Material and Methods CMR was performed in 20 sheep three months after pulmonary artery banding. Ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic (ESV), and stroke volumes (SV) were obtained by cine CMR and conductance catheter. Results Statistically significant differences between cine CMR and conductance catheter derived volume measurements were found for EDV ( P < 0.001), ESV ( P < 0.05), and SV ( P < 0.05). Bland–Altman analysis showed very poor agreement between the two methods: EDV, bias 36.27 mL, agreement of limits 1.96–70.57 mL; ESV, bias 15.33 mL, agreement of limits –6.89–37.55 mL; and SV, bias 20.69 mL, agreement of limits 8.01–49.10 mL. Good agreement was found for SV between cine CMR and PC CMR (bias –7.0 mL, agreement of limits –24.01–9.98 mL), while SV derived from PC CMR measurements showed poor agreement with conductance catheter (bias 27.76 mL, agreement of limits –3.84–59.26 mL). Conclusion Poor agreement between the conductance catheter and CMR RV volume measurements was found. PC CMR and cine CMR measurements of SV agreed well.
19
Neelam, Tandia* Navdeep Singh Dharmendra Kumar Priya Singh Arun Mourya and Shilpa Gajbhiye. "COMPARISON OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC INDICES OF NORMAL BUFFALOES AND THOSE HAVING DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA." ANNALS OF FOREST RESEARCH 67, no. 1 (2024): 263–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10950022.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>ABSTRACT</strong>The objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and evaluate echocardiographic findings in Murrah buffaloes suffering from diaphragmatic hernia. Normal buffaloes (n=15) and buffaloes with diaphragmatic hernia (n=15) diagnosed clinically, radiographically, ultrasonographically for diaphragmatic hernia were evaluated in this study. Fifteen healthy buffaloes were included in this study as controls. The mean±SE value of left ventricular internal diameter at diastole and systole (LVIDd and LVIDs) (cm), end diastolic volume (EDV) (ml), end systolic volume (ESV) (ml), stroke volume (SV) (ml), cardiac output (CO) (%), and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at systole (LVPWs) (cm) were significantly decreased whereas other parameters were non significantly changed. In conclusion, theLVIDd, LVIDs, EDV, ESV, SV and CO were significantly decreased and FS (fractional shortening) was increased significantly in cases of buffaloes affected with diaphragmatic hernia as compared to normal. Keywords:Buffaloes, heart, echocardiography, diaphragmatic hernia.
20
Nielsen, Jan Møller, Steen B. Kristiansen, Steffen Ringgaard, et al. "Left ventricular volume measurement in mice by conductance catheter: evaluation and optimization of calibration." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 1 (2007): H534—H540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01268.2006.
Full textAbstract:
The conductance catheter (CC) allows thorough evaluation of cardiac function because it simultaneously provides measurements of pressure and volume. Calibration of the volume signal remains challenging. With different calibration techniques, in vivo left ventricular volumes (VCC) were measured in mice ( n = 52) with a Millar CC (SPR-839) and compared with MRI-derived volumes (VMRI). Significant correlations between VCC and VMRI [end-diastolic volume (EDV): R2 = 0.85, P < 0.01; end-systolic volume (ESV): R2 = 0.88, P < 0.01] were found when injection of hypertonic saline in the pulmonary artery was used to calibrate for parallel conductance and volume conversion was done by individual cylinder calibration. However, a significant underestimation was observed [EDV = −17.3 μl (−22.7 to −11.9 μl); ESV = −8.8 μl (−12.5 to −5.1 μl)]. Intravenous injection of the hypertonic saline bolus was inferior to injection into the pulmonary artery as a calibration method. Calibration with an independent measurement of stroke volume decreased the agreement with VMRI. Correction for an increase in blood conductivity during the in vivo experiments improved estimation of EDV. The dual-frequency method for estimation of parallel conductance failed to produce VCC that correlated with VMRI. We conclude that selection of the calibration procedure for the CC has significant implications for the accuracy and precision of volume estimation and pressure-volume loop-derived variables like myocardial contractility. Although VCC may be underestimated compared with MRI, optimized calibration techniques enable reliable volume estimation with the CC in mice.
21
Hetyey, Cs, L. Balogh, and G. Andócs. "Comparison of echocardiography and gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography in the measurements of left ventricular systolic function parameters in healthy dogs." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 50, no. 1 (2002): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.50.2002.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
Left ventricular systolic function was assessed in 12 healthy dogs with equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. The results of the analysis were compared to traditional echocardiographic measurements. Left ventricular internal dimensions and volume were measured at the time of end-systole and end-diastole. Ejection fraction - one of the most informative parameters of cardiac function - was calculated in each animal. Values (e.g. EDD, ESD, EDV, ESV) measured by the scintigraphic method were significantly (Student's t-test, P < 0.05) higher than the data obtained by echocardiography. Ejection fraction (EF) was the only parameter that did not differ significantly when comparing the two imaging techniques. The difference between the results of parallel measurements was in inverse ratio to the size of the heart.
22
Elbeery, Jospeh R., John C. Lucke, Michael P. Feneley, et al. "Mechanical determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption in conscious dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 270, no. 6 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.270.6.1-a.
Full textAbstract:
Pages H609–H620: Jospeh R. Elbeery, John C. Lucke, Michael P. Feneley, George W. Maier, Clarence H. Owen, R. Eric Lilly, Michael A. Savitt, Mark St. J. Hickey, Stanley A. Gall, Jr., James W. Davis, Peter VanTrigt, J. Scott Rankin, and Donald D. Glower. “Mechanical determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption in conscious dogs.” Page H618: Equations 12, 14, and 15 should read as follows. There should only be one SW term in Eq. 12 MVo2 = Hun + Hp + Hc + SW (12) Equations 14 and 15 should contain end-diastolic volume (EDV) instead of end-systolic volume (ESV) MVo2 = Hun + k · EDV · MEP + SW (14) = Hun + M(EDV · MEP + SW) (15)
23
Tsutsumi, Yoshinori, Shiro Adachi, Yoshihisa Nakano, et al. "End-Systolic Eccentricity Index Obtained by Enhanced Computed Tomography Is a Predictor of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance in Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension." Life 12, no. 4 (2022): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12040593.
Full textAbstract:
The usefulness of the parameters of biventricular function simultaneously measured using enhanced multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) pulmonary angiography in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has not been clarified. This study aimed to verify the correlation between left and right ventricular (RV) parameters and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Patients who underwent enhanced MDCT before diagnostic right heart catheterization at Nagoya University Hospital between October 2014 and April 2021 were enrolled. The correlation of biventricular function and volume parameters with PVR was assessed. Eighty patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ mean age was 65 ± 13 years, mean PVR was 9.1 (range, 6.1–11.3) Wood units, and mean end-systolic eccentricity index (esEI) was 1.76 ± 0.50. RV end-systolic volume (ESV) (p = 0.007), RV cardiac output (CO) (p < 0.001), RV ejection fraction (p < 0.001), LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) (p < 0.001), left ventricular (LV) ESV (p = 0.006), LVCO (p < 0.001), end-diastolic EI (p < 0.001), and esEI (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with PVR. The LVEDV (p = 0.001) and esEI (p < 0.009) were independent predictors of PVR. Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) (p < 0.001), diastolic PAP (p < 0.001), mean PAP (p < 0.001), right atrial pressure (p < 0.023), and PVR (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the high esEI group than in the low esEI group. The esEI was a simple predictor of CTEPH severity.
24
Koteliukh, Mariia. "Features of Changes in the Structural and Functional State of the Myocardium in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Depending on Body Mass Index Considering FABP4 and CTRP3 Levels." Galician Medical Journal 28, no. 3 (2021): E202137. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/gmj.2021.3.7.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Adipokines such as fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) can affect the structural and functional state of the myocardium in patients with acute myocardial infarction and obesity.
 The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between FABP4, CTRP3 and echocardiographic parameters of the left ventricular myocardium in patients with acute myocardial infarction depending on body mass index.
 Materials and Methods. The observational cross-sectional study examined 189 patients with acute myocardial infarction depending on body mass index, who were divided into the following groups: Group 1 included 60 patients with acute myocardial infarction and normal body mass index; Group 2 comprised 68 patients with acute myocardial infarction and excess body weight; Group 3 included 61 patients with acute myocardial infarction and obesity.
 Results. In Group 1, the statistical significance correlations were found: between FABP4 and end-diastolic dimension (EDD; r = -0.458), end-systolic dimension (ESD; r = -0.460), end-diastolic volume (EDV; r = -0.452), left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM; r = -0.411), LVMM/body surface area index (LVMMI2; r = -0.419); between CTRP3 and EDV (r = 0.425), EDD (r = 0.469), left ventricular relative posterior wall thickness (LVRPWT; r = -0.469). In Group 2, there were found the statistical significance relationships between: FABP4 and EDD (r = 0.461), ESD (r = 0.467), EDV (r = 0.449), end-systolic volume (ESV; r = 0.485), LVMM (r = 0.487), LVMMI1 (r = 0.406); between CTRP3 and EDD (r = -0.440), EDV (r = -0.413), LVMM (r = -0.430), LVMM/height2.7 index (LVMMI1; r = -0.483). In Group 3, the statistical significance correlations were found between: FABP4 and EDV (r = 0.481), ESD (r = 0.411), ESV (r = 0.490), LVMMI1 (r = 0.403); between CTRP3 and EDV (r = -0.326), ESD (r = -0.367), ESV (r = -0.453), LVMMI1 (r = -0.415).
 Conclusions. In patients with acute myocardial infarction and overweight/obesity, echocardiographic parameters had a significant low positive correlation with FABP4 and a low negative correlation with CTRP3. On the contrary, in patients with acute myocardial infarction and normal body mass index, echocardiographic parameters had a significant low negative correlation with FABP4 and a low positive correlation with CTRP3.
25
Pingitore, Alessandro, Angelo Gemignani, Danilo Menicucci, et al. "Cardiovascular response to acute hypoxemia induced by prolonged breath holding in air." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 1 (2008): H449—H455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00607.2007.
Full textAbstract:
Prolonged breath hold (BH) represents a valid model for studying the cardiac adaptation to acute hypoxemia in humans. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) allows a three-dimensional, high-resolution, noninvasive, and nonionizing anatomical and functional evaluation of the heart. The aim of the study was to assess the adaptation of the cardiovascular system to prolonged BH in air. Ten male volunteer diving athletes (age 30 ± 6 yr) were studied during maximal BH duration with CMR. Four epochs were studied: I, rest; II and III, intermediate BH; and IV, peak BH. Oxygen saturation (So2), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), systemic vascular resistance (VR), end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), ejection fraction (EF), maximal elastance index (EL), systolic wall thickening (SWT), and end-systolic wall stress (ESWS) of the left ventricle (LV) were measured in all four BH epochs. Average BH duration was 3.7 ± 0.3 min. So2 was reduced ( I: 97 ± 0.2%, range 96–98%, vs. IV: 84 ± 2.0%, range 76–92%; P < 0.00001). BP, EDV, ESV, SV, CO, and ESWS linearly increased from epochs I to IV, whereas EF, EL, and SWT showed an opposite behavior, decreasing from resting to epoch IV (all trends are P < 0.01). During prolonged BH in air, a marked enlargement of the LV chamber occurs in healthy diving athletes. This response to acute hypoxemia allows SV,CO, and arterial pressure to be maintained despite the severe reduction in LV contractile function.
26
Popov, K. A., I. Z. Bondarenko, E. V. Biryukova, et al. "Possibilities of predicting preclinical forms of cardiovascular diseases in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging." Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 36, no. 3 (2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29001/2073-8552-2021-36-3-51-58.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To identify the indicators of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), which have diagnostic value in the individual assessment of the cardiovascular prognosis in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Material and Methods. The study included a total of 60 patients (29 men and 31 women) aged 18 to 36 years with a history of T1DM from 5 to 16 years, who underwent contrast-enhanced CMR. Circular strain, strain relaxation index (SRI), peak early diastolic strain rate (SRe), epicardial fat thickness (EFT), ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and left ventricular mass (LVM) were assessed. Echocardiography, 24-h electrocardiography (ECG), treadmill test, and NT-proBNP blood test were performed to exclude heart pathology. Statistical data processing was used to identify the relationships of changes in CMR parameters of the left ventricle and epicardial adipose tissue with disease duration, carbohydrate metabolism compensation (HbA1c), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL).Results. Using the nonparametric Mann – Whitney U-test, the study showed the presence of significant differences in the values of SV, EDV, end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), and LVM in the groups of 5–10and 11–16-year duration of disease, respectively. The assessment of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients revealed negative correlations between the values of SV, ESV, ESV index (ESVI), EDV, and LVM and T1DM duration; between the index of circular strain and blood level of HbA1c; between the values of SV, EDVI, ESVI, EDV, ESV, and LVM and blood levels of total cholesterol and LDL; between SV, EDVI, ESVI, EDV, ESV, and LVM and mean EFT in the left ventricular projection.Conclusion. The CMR-based evaluation of strain parameters may become a key in personalized identification of young T1DM patients with a high risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The thickness and distribution of epicardial adipose tissue in young patients with T1DM may have predictive value for risk stratification of developing diseases associated with atherosclerosis and chronic heart failure, which will affect the primary prevention strategy in this population.
27
Kerkhof, Peter L. M., Tatiana Kuznetsova, Rania Ali, and Neal Handly. "Left ventricular volume analysis as a basic tool to describe cardiac function." Advances in Physiology Education 42, no. 1 (2018): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00140.2017.
Full textAbstract:
The heart is often regarded as a compression pump. Therefore, determination of pressure and volume is essential for cardiac function analysis. Traditionally, ventricular performance was described in terms of the Starling curve, i.e., output related to input. This view is based on two variables (namely, stroke volume and end-diastolic volume), often studied in the isolated (i.e., denervated) heart, and has dominated the interpretation of cardiac mechanics over the last century. The ratio of the prevailing coordinates within that paradigm is termed ejection fraction (EF), which is the popular metric routinely used in the clinic. Here we present an insightful alternative approach while describing volume regulation by relating end-systolic volume (ESV) to end-diastolic volume. This route obviates the undesired use of metrics derived from differences or ratios, as employed in previous models. We illustrate basic principles concerning ventricular volume regulation by data obtained from intact animal experiments and collected in healthy humans. Special attention is given to sex-specific differences. The method can be applied to the dynamics of a single heart and to an ensemble of individuals. Group analysis allows for stratification regarding sex, age, medication, and additional clinically relevant covariates. A straightforward procedure derives the relationship between EF and ESV and describes myocardial oxygen consumption in terms of ESV. This representation enhances insight and reduces the impact of the metric EF, in favor of the end-systolic elastance concept advanced 4 decades ago.
28
Melandri, Monica, Ilaria Spalla, Luca Fanciullo, and Salvatore Alonge. "Pregnancy Effect on Echocardiographic Parameters in Great Dane Bitches." Animals 10, no. 11 (2020): 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10111992.
Full textAbstract:
Pregnancy is associated with adaptation of the left ventricular (LV) function. Due to differences between breeds in baseline echocardiographic values and specific predispositions for myocardial diseases, breed-specific echocardiographic parameters may be helpful to evaluate whether the systolic function varies during pregnancy. This study enrolled nine healthy Great Dane bitches with uncomplicated pregnancy. Echocardiographic M-mode and B-mode data were collected before ovulation and within 7 days of the predicted parturition term. Evaluated parameters were: LV dimension in diastole (LVd) and systole (LVs), end-diastolic (EDVI) and end-systolic (ESVI) volumes indexed to body surface area (BSA), end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV), end-point-septal-separation (EPSS), left atrium to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao), sphericity index (SI), ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), and cardiac output (CO). The ANOVA showed a statistical effect of the age of gestation (p < 0.01) on the increase of diastolic dimensions and functional parameters and on the decrease of systolic dimensions. The CO increase parallels the rise in SV and HR (p < 0.01). No statistical differences were observed for EPSS, LA/Ao, and SI. The changes in cardiac chambers and function are likely to reflect maternal adaptation to allow the fetal development in uncomplicated pregnancy. The present study provides specific echocardiographic values in uncomplicated pregnancy of Great Danes, showing that the systolic function is enhanced and that the increase in preload, observed during gestation, is the likely mechanism.
29
Zuo, Zhi, Anne Subgang, Alireza Abaei, et al. "Assessment of Longitudinal Reproducibility of Mice LV Function Parameters at 11.7 T Derived from Self-Gated CINE MRI." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8392952.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this work was the assessment of the reproducibility of self-gated cardiac MRI in mice at ultra-high-field strength. A group of adult mice (n=5) was followed over 360 days with a standardized MR protocol including reproducible animal position and standardized planning of the scan planes. From the resulting CINE MRI data, global left ventricular (LV) function parameters including end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), and left ventricular mass (LVM) were quantified. The reproducibility of the self-gated technique as well as the intragroup variability and longitudinal changes of the investigated parameters was assessed. Self-gated cardiac MRI proved excellent reproducibility of the global LV function parameters, which was in the order of the intragroup variability. Longitudinal assessment did not reveal any significant variations for EDV, ESV, SV, and EF but an expected increase of the LVM with increasing age. In summary, self-gated MRI in combination with a standardized protocol for animal positioning and scan plane planning ensures reproducible assessment of global LV function parameters.
30
Maksimov, N. I., I. S. Grishin, and N. S. Grishina. "Comparative assessment of echocardiographic parameters, including the left ventricular global function index in patients with myocardial infarction with obstructive (MICAD) and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA)." Russian Journal of Cardiology 30, no. 2 (2025): 5852. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2025-5852.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To assess the main parameters of transthoracic echocardiography, including the global function index in patients with myocardial infarction with obstructive (MICAD) and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA).Material and methods. The study included 170 patients with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction were hospitalized and underwent inpatient treatment at the Cardiology Department № 1 of the Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center, Izhevsk. Coronary angiography was performed on a Phillips Allure Clarity system. Based on the procedure results, the patients were divided into 2 following groups: 1 — MINOCA (n=73); 2 — MICAD (n=97), who underwent stenting. Echocardiography was performed using a Siemens Acuson CV70 (Germany) for all patients on the first day of the disease (before coronary angiography). The main parameters of the left ventricle (LV) geometry were assessed. LV ejection fraction (EF) was determined using the Simpson method. The LV global function index (LVGFI) was determined using the following formula: LVGFI=stroke volume/ ((LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) + LV end-systolic volume (ESV))/2 + LV volume) × 100%. Based on the echocardiography data, the patients were divided into 2 following subgroups: 1 — low GFI (<31,2%), 2 — normal GFI (>31,2%).Results. No differences in age were found. In the MINOCA group, there were more females — 57,6% vs 29,9%. Patients with MICAD more often had ST elevation and pathological Q wave — 70% vs 33%. Anterior wall MI was equally common. Patients with MICAD had a larger left atrium diameter and EDV. No differences were found in other echocardiographic parameters. EF was higher in patients in the MINOCA group (trend towards differences). Patients with low GFI in the MINOCA group are older, has a larger left atrium diameter, right atrium, end diastolic dimension, EDV, ESV, LV mass, and a higher rate of LV hypertrophy (40% vs 12,5%, p=0,008). LVEF in the low GFI MINOCA group was 55% (vs 64,9% in MICAD, p=0,004). In both subgroups, patients had the same frequency of ST elevation and pathological Q wave. Patients with low GFI, obstructive coronary artery disease and male sex more often had ST elevation and pathological Q wave.Conclusion. In patients with MINOCA, LV geometry parameters on the first day of the disease are better than in patients with MICAD due to lower values of the end-systolic dimension, EDV, ESV. Patients with low GFI had higher values of the end-diastolic dimension, EDV, ESV, LV mass, and more often had LV hypertrophy, lower EF. Patients with low GFI in the MICAD group compared to low GFI in MINOCA showed differences in sex (more often men), ST elevation rate, pathological Q wave, and a higher EDV.
31
Bombardini, Tonino, Angela Zagatina, Quirino Ciampi, et al. "Hemodynamic Heterogeneity of Reduced Cardiac Reserve Unmasked by Volumetric Exercise Echocardiography." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 13 (2021): 2906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132906.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Two-dimensional volumetric exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) provides an integrated view of left ventricular (LV) preload reserve through end-diastolic volume (EDV) and LV contractile reserve (LVCR) through end-systolic volume (ESV) changes. Purpose: To assess the dependence of cardiac reserve upon LVCR, EDV, and heart rate (HR) during ESE. Methods: We prospectively performed semi-supine bicycle or treadmill ESE in 1344 patients (age 59.8 ± 11.4 years; ejection fraction = 63 ± 8%) referred for known or suspected coronary artery disease. All patients had negative ESE by wall motion criteria. EDV and ESV were measured by biplane Simpson rule with 2-dimensional echocardiography. Cardiac index reserve was identified by peak-rest value. LVCR was the stress-rest ratio of force (systolic blood pressure by cuff sphygmomanometer/ESV, abnormal values ≤2.0). Preload reserve was defined by an increase in EDV. Cardiac index was calculated as stroke volume index * HR (by EKG). HR reserve (stress/rest ratio) <1.85 identified chronotropic incompetence. Results: Of the 1344 patients, 448 were in the lowest tertile of cardiac index reserve with stress. Of them, 303 (67.6%) achieved HR reserve <1.85; 252 (56.3%) had an abnormal LVCR and 341 (76.1%) a reduction of preload reserve, with 446 patients (99.6%) showing ≥1 abnormality. At binary logistic regression analysis, reduced preload reserve (odds ratio [OR]: 5.610; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 4.025 to 7.821), chronotropic incompetence (OR: 3.923, 95% CI: 2.915 to 5.279), and abnormal LVCR (OR: 1.579; 95% CI: 1.105 to 2.259) were independently associated with lowest tertile of cardiac index reserve at peak stress. Conclusions: Heart rate assessment and volumetric echocardiography during ESE identify the heterogeneity of hemodynamic phenotypes of impaired chronotropic, preload or LVCR underlying a reduced cardiac reserve.
32
Rastogi, Sharad, Makoto Imai, Victor G. Sharov, Sudhish Mishra та Hani N. Sabbah. "Darbepoetin-α prevents progressive left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in nonanemic dogs with heart failure". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, № 6 (2008): H2475—H2482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00074.2008.
Full textAbstract:
In anemic patients with heart failure (HF), erythropoietin-type drugs can elicit clinical improvement. This study examined the effects of chronic monotherapy with darbepoetin-α (DARB) on left ventricular (LV) function and remodeling in nonanemic dogs with advanced HF. HF [LV ejection fraction (EF) ∼25%] was produced in 14 dogs by intracoronary microembolizations. Dogs were randomized to once a week subcutaneous injection of DARB (1.0 μg/kg, n = 7) or to no therapy (HF, n = 7). All procedures were performed during cardiac catheterization under general anesthesia and under sterile conditions. LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and EF were measured before the initiation of therapy and at the end of 3 mo of therapy. mRNA and protein expression of caspase-3, hypoxia inducible factor-1α, and the bone marrow-derived stem cell marker c-Kit were determined in LV tissue. In HF dogs, EDV and ESV increased and EF decreased after 3 mo of followup. Treatment with DARB prevented the increase in EDV, decreased ESV, and increased EF. DARB therapy also normalized the expression of HIF-1α and active caspase-3 and enhanced the expression of c-Kit. We conclude that chronic monotherapy with DARB prevents progressive LV dysfunction and dilation in nonanemic dogs with advanced HF. These results suggest that DARB elicits beneficial effects in HF that are independent of the presence of anemia.
33
Nobrega, A. C., J. W. Williamson, and J. H. Mitchell. "Left ventricular volumes and hemodynamic responses at onset of dynamic exercise with reduced venous return." Journal of Applied Physiology 79, no. 5 (1995): 1405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.79.5.1405.
Full textAbstract:
The hemodynamic effects of reducing venous return were assessed beat by beat at the onset of upright dynamic exercise. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, and left ventricular end-systolic (ESV) and end-diastolic volumes (EDV; two-dimensional echocardiography) were measured in 10 healthy men during 20-s trials of upright cycling (30 W; 60 rpm). Exercise was performed either with or without venous occlusion of the legs (bilateral thigh cuffs inflated to 100 mmHg) in a random order. Without venous occlusion, MAP and cardiac output (CO) increased, and total peripheral resistance (TPR) decreased (P < 0.05) during the first approximately 10 beats after the onset of exercise. Initially, the CO response was accounted for by a rapid heart rate acceleration and, after approximately 15 cardiac cycles, by an increase in stroke volume, which occurred with a decrease in ESV and no change in EDV. With venous occlusion, EDV decreased and stroke volume did not rise during exercise. Thus the CO response was blunted by venous occlusion and MAP did not increase initially. However, after approximately 13 heart beats, MAP increased with no change in TPR. These findings suggest that compensatory mechanisms can elicit an increase in MAP at the onset of mild upright cycling when the CO response is blunted by reducing venous return.
34
Detombe, Sarah A., Fu-Li Xiang, Joy Dunmore-Buyze, James A. White, Qingping Feng, and Maria Drangova. "Rapid microcomputed tomography suggests cardiac enlargement occurs during conductance catheter measurements in mice." Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 1 (2012): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00831.2011.
Full textAbstract:
Conductance catheters (CC) represent an established method of determining cardiac function in mice; however, the potentially detrimental effects a catheter may have on the mouse heart have never been evaluated. The present study takes advantage of rapid three-dimensional (3D) microcomputed tomography (CT) to compare simultaneously acquired micro-CT and CC measurements of left ventricular (LV) volumes in healthy and infarcted mice and to determine changes in LV volume and function associated with CC insertion. LV volumes were measured in C57BL/6 mice (10 healthy, 10 infarcted, 2% isoflurane anesthesia) using a 1.4-Fr Millar CC. 3D micro-CT images of each mouse were acquired before CC insertion as well as during catheterization. Each CT scan produced high-resolution images throughout the entire cardiac cycle in <1 min, enabling accurate volume measurements as well as direct visualization of the CC within the LV. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated that CC measurements underestimate volume compared with CT measurements in both healthy [bias of −18.4 and −28.9 μl for end-systolic (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV), respectively] and infarcted mice (ESV = −51.6 μl and EDV = −71.7 μl); underestimation was attributed to the off-center placement of the catheter. Individual evaluation of each heart revealed LV dilation following CC insertion in 40% of mice in each group. No change in ejection fraction was observed, suggesting the enlargement was caused by volume overload associated with disruption of the papillary muscles or chords. The enlargement witnessed was not significant; however, the results suggest the potential for CC insertion to detrimentally affect mouse myocardium, necessitating further investigation.
35
van der Linden, L. P., E. T. van der Velde, H. C. van Houwelingen, A. V. Bruschke, and J. Baan. "Determinants of end-systolic pressure during different load alterations in the in situ left ventricle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 267, no. 5 (1994): H1895—H1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.5.h1895.
Full textAbstract:
Because of the strong dependency of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation on the type of transient loading intervention in the in situ left ventricle (LV), experiments in the basal inotropic state in 16 open-chest anesthetized dogs were reanalyzed to find additional variables to model and predict end-systolic pressure (ESP) of both afterloading and preloading interventions by a single equation. Random-coefficients regression analysis was performed on 22 experiments in the basal inotropic state simultaneously, yielding an overall R2 of 0.97. The major part of total variance of ESP was due to linear terms of end-systolic volume (ESV) (74%) and stroke volume (SV) (19%). The SV effect was consistently negative and quantitatively quite important. An average load-independent end-systolic elastance of 6.7 mmHg/ml and an average SV effect of -5.7 mmHg/ml ejected were estimated, separating the “force-length” property from shortening effects in the in situ LV. History-related effects appeared to be only minor.
36
Ahmed, Amal Hafez, Amr ELHadidy, Mohamed Helmy, Ashraf Hussein, and Abdalla Elagha. "Myocardial Perfusion Grade by Coronary Angiography can Predict Final Infarct Size and Left Ventricular Function in Patients with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with a Pharmaco-invasive Strategy." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (2021): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5815.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the reperfusion strategy of choice in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Transfer for early angioplasty after thrombolytic therapy should be done without delay and has been directly related to improved patients’ outcome compared with thrombolysis alone. TIMI myocardial perfusion (TMP) grade provides important prognostic information for epicardial flow.
 AIM: We studied the relationship between TMP grade (at the end of the PCI procedure) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and infarct size within 1 month in such patients.
 METHODS: A total of forty patients with diagnosis of STEMI (mean age 57.32 ± 10.44, 33 men) were studied, all patients underwent primary PCI. Grading of myocardial perfusion was done immediately post-PCI. Infarction size, end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and LVEF were all measured by myocardial perfusion imaging (Gated single-photon emission computed tomography) within 1 month of STEMI.
 RESULTS: Final infarct size ranged from 0 to 59 cm (mean =19.18 ± 15.8 cm). EDV ranged from 52 to 228 ml (mean = 128.60 ± 51.01 ml). ESV ranged from 16 to 169 ml (mean =72.05 ± 42.09 ml) and EF ranged from 21% to 72% (mean = 46.0 ± 12.80%). Viable but ischemic myocardial area ranged from 0 to 18 cm (mean =3.38 ± 4.45 cm). There was a significant “negative” correlation between the myocardial perfusion grade and the final infarct size. Furthermore, myocardial perfusion grade was significantly inversely related to EDV and ESV, but directly related to EF. Patients who received thrombolytic therapy had significant lesser perfusion grade than who underwent PCI directly.
 CONCLUSION: Assessment of the myocardial perfusion grade during PCI is a good prognostic marker about the final infarct size, ESV, EDV, and EF in patients with STEMI treated with a pharmaco-invasive strategy (thrombolytic followed by PCI).
37
Visby, Lasse, Rasmus Møgelvang, Frederik Fasth Grund, et al. "The Influence of Food Intake and Preload Augmentation on Cardiac Functional Parameters: A Study Using Both Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Echocardiography." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 21 (2023): 6781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12216781.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: To investigate how food intake and preload augmentation affect the cardiac output (CO) and volumes of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) assessed using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE). (2) Methods: Eighty-two subjects with (n = 40) and without (n = 42) cardiac disease were assessed using both CMR and TTE immediately before and after a fast infusion of 2 L isotonic saline. Half of the population had a meal during saline infusion (food/fluid), and the other half were kept fasting (fasting/fluid). We analyzed end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes and feature tracking (FT) using CMR, LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), and RV longitudinal strain (LS) using TTE. (3) Results: CO assessed using CMR increased significantly in both groups, and the increase was significantly higher in the food/fluid group: LV-CO (ΔLV-CO: +2.6 ± 1.3 vs. +0.7 ± 1.0 p < 0.001), followed by increased heart rate (HR) (ΔHR: +12 ± 8 vs. +1 ± 6 p < 0.001). LV and RV achieved increased stroke volume (SV) through different mechanisms. For the LV, through increased contractility, increased LV-EDV, decreased LV-ESV, increased LV-FT, and GLS were observed. For the RV, increased volumes, increased RV-EDV, increased RV-ESV, and at least for the fasting/fluid group, unchanged RV-FT and RV-LS were reported. (4) Conclusions: Preload augmentation and food intake have a significant impact on hemodynamic and cardiac functional parameters. This advocates for standardized recommendations regarding oral intake of fluid and food before cardiac assessment, for example, TTE, CMR, and right heart catheterization. We also demonstrate different approaches for the LV and RV to increase SV: for the LV by increased contractility, and for the RV by volume expansion.
38
Fischer, R., B. Saurbier, I. Brink, E. Moser, T. Krause, and T. Zajic. "Assessment of left ventricular function and volumes by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy - comparison of two algorithms." Nuklearmedizin 40, no. 05 (2001): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623878.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Aim: Left ventricular volume and function can be computed from gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using Emory Cardiac Toolbox (ECT) or Gated SPECT Quantification (GS-Quant). The aim of this study was to compare both programs with respect to their practical application, stability and precision on heart-models as well as in clinical use. Methods: The volumes of five cardiac models were calculated by ECT and GS-Quant. 48 patients (13 female, 35 male) underwent a one day stress-rest protocol and gated SPECT. From these 96 gated SPECT images, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) were estimated by ECT and GS-Quant. For 42 patients LVEF was also determined by echocardiography. Results: For the cardiac models the computed volumes showed high correlation with the model-volumes as well as high correlation between ECT and GS-Quant (r ≥ 0.99). Both programs underestimated the volume by approximately 20-30% independent of the ventricle-size. Calculating LVEF, EDV and ESV, GS-Quant and ECT correlated well to each other and to the LVEF estimated by echocardiography (r ≥ 0.86). LVEF values determined with ECT were about 10% higher than values determined with GS-Quant or echocardiography. The incorrect surfaces calculated by the automatic algorithm of GS-Quant for three examinations could not be corrected manually. 34 of the ECT studies were optimized by the operator. Conclusion: GS-Quant and ECT are two reliable programs in estimating LVEF. Both seem to underestimate the cardiac volume. In practical application GS-Quant was faster and easier to use. ECT allows the user to define the contour of the ventricle and thus is less susceptible to artifacts.
39
Claessen, Guido, Piet Claus, Marion Delcroix, Jan Bogaert, Andre La Gerche, and Hein Heidbuchel. "Interaction between respiration and right versus left ventricular volumes at rest and during exercise: a real-time cardiac magnetic resonance study." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 306, no. 6 (2014): H816—H824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00752.2013.
Full textAbstract:
Breathing-induced changes in intrathoracic pressures influence left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, the exact nature and extent of which have not previously been evaluated in humans. We sought to examine this “respiratory pump” using novel real-time cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Eight healthy subjects underwent serial multislice real-time CMR during normal breathing, breath holding, and the Valsalva maneuver. Subsequently, a separate cohort of nine subjects underwent real-time CMR at rest and during incremental exercise. LV and RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) and diastolic and systolic eccentricity indexes were determined at peak inspiration and expiration. During normal breathing, inspiration resulted in an increase in RV volumes [RVEDV: +18 ± 8%, RVESV: +14 ± 12%, and RV stroke volume (SV): +21 ± 10%, P < 0.01] and an opposing decrease in LV volumes ( P < 0.0001 for interaction). During end-inspiratory breath holding, RV SV decreased by 9 ± 10% ( P = 0.046), whereas LV SV did not change. During the Valsalva maneuver, volumes decreased in both ventricles (RVEDV: −29 ± 11%, RVESV: −16 ± 14%, RV SV: −36 ± 14%, LVEDV: −22 ± 17%, and LV SV: −25 ± 17%, P < 0.01). The reciprocal effect of respiration on LV and RV volumes was maintained throughout exercise. The diastolic and systolic eccentricity indexes were greater during inspiration than during expiration, both at rest and during exercise ( P < 0.0001 for both). In conclusion, ventricular volumes oscillate with respiratory phase such that RV and LV volumes are maximal at peak inspiration and expiration, respectively. Thus, interpretation of RV versus LV volumes requires careful definition of the exact respiratory time point for proper interpretation, both at rest and during exercise.
40
Saleh, Muhammad G., Sarah-Kate Sharp, Alkathafi Alhamud, et al. "Long-Term Left Ventricular Remodelling in Rat Model of Nonreperfused Myocardial Infarction: Sequential MR Imaging Using a 3T Clinical Scanner." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/504037.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. To evaluate whether 3T clinical MRI with a small-animal coil and gradient-echo (GE) sequence could be used to characterize long-term left ventricular remodelling (LVR) following nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI) using semi-automatic segmentation software (SASS) in a rat model.Materials and Methods. 5 healthy rats were used to validate left ventricular mass (LVM) measured by MRI with postmortem values. 5 sham and 7 infarcted rats were scanned at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery to allow for functional and structural analysis of the heart. Measurements included ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and LVM. Changes in different regions of the heart were quantified using wall thickness analyses.Results. LVM validation in healthy rats demonstrated high correlation between MR and postmortem values. Functional assessment at 4 weeks after MI revealed considerable reduction in EF, increases in ESV, EDV, and LVM, and contractile dysfunction in infarcted and noninfarcted regions.Conclusion. Clinical 3T MRI with a small animal coil and GE sequence generated images in a rat heart with adequate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for successful semiautomatic segmentation to accurately and rapidly evaluate long-term LVR after MI.
41
Stöhr, Eric J., José González-Alonso, and Rob Shave. "Left ventricular mechanical limitations to stroke volume in healthy humans during incremental exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 301, no. 2 (2011): H478—H487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00314.2011.
Full textAbstract:
During incremental exercise, stroke volume (SV) plateaus at 40–50% of maximal exercise capacity. In healthy individuals, left ventricular (LV) twist and untwisting (“LV twist mechanics”) contribute to the generation of SV at rest, but whether the plateau in SV during incremental exercise is related to a blunting in LV twist mechanics remains unknown. To test this hypothesis, nine healthy young males performed continuous and discontinuous incremental supine cycling exercise up to 90% peak power in a randomized order. During both exercise protocols, end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and SV reached a plateau at submaximal exercise intensities while heart rate increased continuously. Similar to LV volumes, two-dimensional speckle tracking-derived LV twist and untwisting velocity increased gradually from rest (all P < 0.001) and then leveled off at submaximal intensities. During continuous exercise, LV twist mechanics were linearly related to ESV, SV, heart rate, and cardiac output (all P < 0.01) while the relationship with EDV was exponential. In diastole, the increase in apical untwisting was significantly larger than that of basal untwisting ( P < 0.01), emphasizing the importance of dynamic apical function. In conclusion, during incremental exercise, the plateau in LV twist mechanics and their close relationship with SV and cardiac output indicate a mechanical limitation in maximizing LV output during high exercise intensities. However, LV twist mechanics do not appear to be the sole factor limiting LV output, since EDV reaches its maximum before the plateau in LV twist mechanics, suggesting additional limitations in diastolic filling to the heart.
42
Wang, Zirong, Tingting Song, and Da Yu. "Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Function of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease with 640-Slice Dynamic Volume CT in Comparison to Echocardiography." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 5 (2021): 1378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3385.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The primary aim is to investigate the correlation between 640-slice dynamic volume computer tomography (DVCT) and echocardiography (ECHO) in the function of left ventricular (LV), and the value of DVCT in the evaluation of left coronary artery disease (LCA) and geometry and function of left ventricular, by measuring the difference of left ventricular function of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease with DVCT in comparison to ECHO. Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients of coronary heart disease (CHD) with left coronary artery disease were selected, all of them were examined by DVCT coronary imaging and ECHO. On the basis of the American Society of Cardiovascular Computed Temography, the study applied the Coronary Artery Disease Report and Data System (CAD-RADS) to assess the left cornary artery. The end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial mass (MM) of function parameters of the left ventricle were counted. The function parameters of DVCT and ECHO were comparatively analyzed. Results: The results showed that there was a positive correlativity between the value of EDV, ESV, SV and EF which measured through DVCT and the ECHO (r = 0.69, 0.90, 0.60, 0.71 respectively, P < 0.05 all). The differences of ESV, SV, EF between CAD-RADS 2 and 4, CAD-RADS 3 and 4 were significant (P < 0.05). The differences of data of EDV and MM between CAD-RADS 2, 3 and 4 were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both DVCT coronary artery imaging and ECHO can accurately assess left ventricular function and have a high correlation. DVCT coronary artery imaging can assess CAD and analyze the function of left ventricular. EDV and MM change significantly in CAD-RADS 3, which providing important quantitative data for clinical diagnosis and treatment plan of coronary heart disease.
43
Chiocchi, Marcello, Armando Ugo Cavallo, Luca Pugliese, et al. "Cardiac Computed Tomography Evaluation of Association of Left Ventricle Disfunction and Epicardial Adipose Tissue Density in Patients with Low to Intermediate Cardiovascular Risk." Medicina 59, no. 2 (2023): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020232.
Full textAbstract:
Background and objectives: Epicardial adipose tissue density (EAD) has been associated with coronary arteries calcium score, a higher load of coronary artery disease (CAD) and plaque vulnerability. This effect can be related to endocrine and paracrine effect of molecules produced by epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), that may influence myocardial contractility. Using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCT) the evaluation of EAD is possible in basal scans. The aim of the study is to investigate possible associations between EAD and cardiac function. Material and Methods: 93 consecutive patients undergoing CCT without and with contrast medium for known or suspected coronary CAD were evaluated. EAD was measured on basal scans, at the level of the coronary ostia, the lateral free wall of the left ventricle, at the level of the cardiac apex, and at the origin of the posterior interventricular artery. Cardiac function was evaluated in post-contrast CT scans in order to calculate ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and stroke volume (SV). Results: A statistically significant positive correlation between EAD and ejection fraction (r = 0.29, p-value < 0.01) was found. Additionally, a statistically significant negative correlation between EAD and ESV (r = −0.25, p-value < 0.01) was present. Conclusion: EAD could be considered a new risk factor associated with reduced cardiac function. The evaluation of this parameter with cardiac CT in patients with low to intermediate cardiovascular risk is possible.
44
Denysiuk, K. V. "Optimisation of conservative treatment of patients with severe heart failure by using hemosorption." EMERGENCY MEDICINE 19, no. 8 (2024): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0586.19.8.2023.1643.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Heart failure (HF) is a complex cardiac pathology that is the main cause of hospitalisation among adults and is characterised by a high mortality. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of HF, and it can be fatal within a few years after the first symptoms appear. Many patients with HF remain refractory to medical therapy, despite its constant development and improvement. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of conservative treatment of patients with severe HF that occurred on the background of DCM using drug therapy and its combination with a course of hemosorption (HS). Materials and methods. We analysed treatment outcomes in 30 patients with severe HF against DCM (New York Heart Association class III–V, left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) < 30 %). Patients in group 1 (n = 13; N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-pro BNP) 4,546.23 ± ± 3,265.01 pg/ml; LV EF 16.77 ± 2.92 %; LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) 261.31 ± 60.60 ml, LV end-systolic volume (ESV) 214.85 ± 49.44 ml) received drug therapy according to local protocols. In group 2 (n = 17; NT-pro BNP 3,974.49 ± 3,550.17 pg/ml; LV EF 18.18 ± 4.36 %; LV EDV 261.12 ± 79.96 ml, LV ESV 212.06 ± 71.67 ml), medical treatment was supplemented with a course of 3 HS procedures using granular deligandizing hemosorbent. Results. Patients in both study groups noted an improvement in well-being and a decrease in the severity of symptoms. The level of NT-pro BNP decreased to 2,609.92 ± 1,465.14 pg/ml (p < 0.01) in group 1 and to 975.35 ± 511.55 pg/ml (p < 0.05) in group 2. LV EF increased to 22.77 ± 4.69 % and 26.76 ± 5.02 %, respectively, in the groups (p < 0.01). In patients of group 1, LV EDV and LV ESV changed to 262.22 ± 40.92 ml and 211.33 ± 35.22 ml, respectively. In group 2, there was a significant decrease in LV EDV to 228.94 ± 73.16 ml and LV ESV to 170.88 ± 60.28 ml (p < 0.01). Conclusions. The use of HS in combination with drug therapy for severe HF on the background of DCM improves the clinical status of patients and LV systolic function.
45
Rastogi, Sharad, Victor G. Sharov, Sudhish Mishra, et al. "Ranolazine combined with enalapril or metoprolol prevents progressive LV dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with moderate heart failure." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 5 (2008): H2149—H2155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00728.2008.
Full textAbstract:
Acute intravenous infusion of ranolazine (Ran), an anti-ischemic/antiangina drug, was previously shown to improve left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) without a concomitant increase in myocardial oxygen consumption in dogs with chronic heart failure (HF). This study examined the effects of treatment with Ran alone and in combination with metoprolol (Met) or enalapril (Ena) on LV function and remodeling in dogs with HF. Dogs ( n = 28) with microembolization-induced HF were randomized to 3 mo oral treatment with Ran alone [375 mg twice daily (bid); n = 7], Ran (375 mg bid) in combination with Met tartrate (25 mg bid; n = 7), Ran (375 mg bid) in combination with Ena (10 mg bid; n = 7), or placebo (PL; Ran vehicle bid; n = 7). Ventriculographic measurements of LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) and LV EF were obtained before treatment and after 3 mo of treatment. In PL-treated dogs, EDV and ESV increased significantly. Ran alone prevented the increase in EDV and ESV seen in the PL group and significantly increased EF, albeit modestly, from 35 ± 1% to 37 ± 2%. When combined with either Ena or Met, Ran prevented the increase in EDV, significantly decreased ESV, and markedly increased EF compared with those of PL. EF increased from 35 ± 1% to 40 ± 1% with Ran + Ena and from 34 ± 1% to 41 ± 1% with Ran + Met. Ran alone or in combination with Ena or Met was also associated with beneficial effects at the cellular level on histomorphometric parameters such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, and capillary density as well as the expression for pathological hypertrophy and Ca2+ cycling genes. In conclusion, Ran prevented progressive LV dysfunction and global and cellular myocardial remodeling, and Ran in combination with Ena or Met improved LV function beyond that observed with Ran alone.
46
Yang, Chengzhi, Haobo Xu, Shubin Qiao, Ruofei Jia, Zening Jin, and Jiansong Yuan. "Papillary and Trabecular Muscles Have Substantial Impact on Quantification of Left Ventricle in Patients with Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy." Diagnostics 12, no. 8 (2022): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12082029.
Full textAbstract:
Patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) have large papillary and trabecular muscles (PTMs), which are myocardial tissue. PTMs are usually excluded from the myocardium and included in the left ventricular (LV) cavity when determining LV mass (LVM) and volumes using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). This conventional method may result in large distortion of LVM and other indices. We investigated 74 patients with HOCM undergoing CMR imaging. LV short-axis cine images were obtained. LV contours were drawn using two different methods: (1) the conventional method, where PTMs were included in the LV cavity; and (2) the mask method, which includes the TPMs in the LV myocardium. The LV end-diastolic volume (LV-EDV), LV end-systolic volume (LV-ESV), LV ejection fraction (LVEF), and the LVM were then calculated. Fasting NT-proBNP and CK-MB levels were measured with ELISA. In patients with HOCM, mass of PTMs (MOPTM) was 47.9 ± 18.7 g, which represented 26.9% of total LVM. Inclusion of PTMs with the mask method resulted in significantly greater LVM and LVM index (both p < 0.0001) in comparison with those measured with the conventional method. In addition, the mask method produced a significant decrease in LV-EDV and LV-ESV. LVEF was significantly increased with the mask method (64.3 ± 7.9% vs. 77.2 ± 7.1%, p < 0.0001). MOPTM was positively correlated with BMI, septal wall thickness, LVM, LV-EDV, and LV-ESV. LVEF was inversely correlated with MOPTM. In addition, MOPTM correlated positively with NT-proBNP (r = 0.265, p = 0.039) and CK-MB (r = 0.356, p = 0.002). In conclusion, inclusion of PTMs in the myocardium has a substantial impact on quantification of the LVM, LV-EDV, LV-ESV, and LVEF in patients with HOCM. The effects of the PTMs in women was greater than that in men. Furthermore, the MOPTM was positively associated with NT-proBNP and CK-MB. The PTMs might be included in the myocardium when measuring the LV volumes and mass of patients with HOCM. At present, the clinical and prognostic meaning and relevance of the PTMs is not clear and should be further studied.
47
Nita, Nicoleta, Johannes Kersten, Alexander Pott, et al. "Real-Time Spiral CMR Is Superior to Conventional Segmented Cine-Imaging for Left-Ventricular Functional Assessment in Patients with Arrhythmia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 8 (2022): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082088.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: Segmented Cartesian Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) often fails to deliver robust assessment of cardiac function in patients with arrhythmia. We aimed to assess the performance of a tiny golden-angle spiral real-time CMR sequence at 1.5 T for left-ventricular (LV) volumetry in patients with irregular heart rhythm; (2) Methods: We validated the real-time sequence against the standard breath-hold segmented Cartesian sequence in 32 patients, of whom 11 presented with arrhythmia. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) were assessed. In arrhythmic patients, real-time and standard Cartesian acquisitions were compared against a reference echocardiographic modality; (3) Results: In patients with sinus rhythm, good agreements and correlations were found between the segmented and real-time methods, with only minor, non-significant underestimation of EDV for the real-time sequence (135.95 ± 30 mL vs. 137.15 ± 31, p = 0.164). In patients with arrhythmia, spiral real-time CMR yielded superior image quality to the conventional segmented imaging, allowing for excellent agreement with the reference echocardiographic volumetry. In contrast, in this cohort, standard Cartesian CMR showed significant underestimation of LV-ESV (106.72 ± 63.51 mL vs. 125.47 ± 72.41 mL, p = 0.026) and overestimation of LVEF (42.96 ± 10.81% vs. 39.02 ± 11.72%, p = 0.039); (4) Conclusions: Real-time spiral CMR improves image quality in arrhythmic patients, allowing reliable assessment of LV volumetry.
48
Shashkova, N. V., S. N. Tereshchenko, L. E. Samoylenko, D. F. Satlykova, and A. M. Gerasimov. "Effects of transluminal balloon angioplasty and stenting on the clinical course of ischemic chronic heart failure with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: radionuclide 4D tomoventriculography data." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 11, no. 1 (2012): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2012-1-73-78.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To study the effects of transluminal balloon angioplasty (TLBAP) and stenting on right and left ventricular (RV, LV) hemodynamics, as well as on long-term clinical prognosis, in patients with ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF). Material and methods. In 20 patients with ischemic CHF, Functional Class (FC) II–III (NYHA), radionuclide 4D tomoventriculography (4D-RTVG) was performed at baseline and 6 and 12 months after TLBAP, in order to assess cardiac hemodynamics. Based on ejection fraction (EF) values, all participants were divided into two groups. Group I (n=10; mean age 57,2 (2,7) years) included men with EF <45%, FC II–III CHF, and mean CHF duration of 3,1 (0,6) years. Group II (n=10; mean age 62,6 (2,7) years) included 5 men and 5 women with EF >45%, FC II CHF, and CHF duration of 2 (0,4) years. Results. Twelve months after TLBAP, Group I demonstrated a significant increase in stroke volume (SV), LV EF, and RV EF, as well as an improvement in LV maximum ejection velocity (MEV), maximum filling velocity (MFV), and maximum filling time (MFT), as well as in LV and RV one-third filling fraction (1/3 FF) (p<0,05). A decrease in LV enddiastolic volume (EDV), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), and RV ESV, some increase in RV EDV, and an improvement in RF MEV, MFV, and MFT were non-significant (p>0,05). In Group II, an increase in LV SV and LV EF, as well as an improvement in RV 1/3FF and MFT, was statistically significant (p<0,05). At the same time, an increase in RF SV, EF, EDV, and ESV, as well as an improvement in LV and RV MEV and MFV, LV 1/3FF and LV MFT, without any substantial changes in LV EDV and ESV, lacked statistical significance (p>0,05). Cardiac hemodynamic changes were associated with improved quality of life (QoL) and reduced CHF FC and angina FC. Conclusion. TLBAP and stenting facilitated an increase in EF and SV, an improvement in LF and RF systolic and diastolic function, an improvement in QoL and exercise capacity, and a reduction in CHF FC and angina FC.
49
Arslanoglu, Yavuz, Hayati Deniz, and Hasim Ustunsoy. "Comparison of Midterm and Long-Term Effects of Cord Protection Methods on Left Ventricular Function in Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery." ULUTAS MEDICAL JOURNAL 9, no. 1 (2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/umj.20230201114207.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Our study aimed to determine the effects of cord protection methods applied in Mitral valve replacement (MVR) surgery on left ventricular function. Materials and Methods: MVR surgery was performed on 634 patients using either single or combined procedures. Of these patients, 358 (56.5%) underwent conventional MVR surgery, 121 (19.1%) underwent total chordal protection, and 155 (24.4%) underwent posterior chordal preservation. All patients were evaluated as class 3 and 4 according to the New York functional classification (NYHA). Left ventricular diastolic end-diameter (SVDSD), left ventricular systolic end-diameter (SVSSD), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and ejection fraction (EF) were compared between groups. Results: The degree of valve insufficiency was 3 and 4 in patients with mitral insufficiency. The mortality risk for patients undergoing conventional surgical operations was 4.257 times higher (OR:4.25; 95%CI:1.22-14.76). The study showed positive effects of chordal protection on the clinical status and echocardiographic parameters of undergoing MVR surgery (p<0.01). Conclusion: We believe cord protection methods positively affect left ventricular function after MVR. In particular, total chordal protection will positively affect left ventricular function.
50
Bell, Stephen P., Judit Fabian, and Martin M. LeWinter. "Effects of dobutamine on left ventricular restoring forces." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 275, no. 1 (1998): H190—H194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.1.h190.
Full textAbstract:
Restoring forces, which are generated when the left ventricle contracts below its equilibrium volume (Veq), are responsible for diastolic suction. Their magnitude is inversely related to end-systolic volume (ESV). In previous studies in which the mitral valve was replaced with a prosthesis, increased contractility was shown to augment restoring forces independently of ESV. In the present study, we quantified restoring forces in the presence of an intact mitral valve in open-chest dogs ( n = 6) as the fully relaxed pressure (FRP) after completion of left ventricular pressure (LVP) fall during nonfilling diastoles produced by a servomotor system that clamped left atrial pressure below LVP. A negative FRP indicated a restoring force was present. We related FRP to ESV during control, intravenous, and left anterior descending coronary artery (intracoronary) administration of dobutamine. With intravenous dobutamine, we observed an approximately parallel downward and rightward shift of the FRP-ESV relation, indicating increased restoring forces at any ESV less than Veq. The downward shift averaged −2.6 ± 1.6 (SD) mmHg at the control Veq. A similar shift occurred with intracoronary dobutamine. In additional experiments ( n = 2), we found that over a common range of ESV dobutamine slightly increased wall thickness (<10%) during nonfilling diastoles, consistent with an increase in coronary blood volume. We conclude that dobutamine increases restoring forces independently of changes in ESV in conjunction with an increase in Veq. This effect may partly be related to increased coronary blood volume.