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Journal articles on the topic 'End-to-end annealing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Rothwell, S. W., W. A. Grasser, and D. B. Murphy. "End-to-end annealing of microtubules in vitro." Journal of Cell Biology 102, no. 2 (1986): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.102.2.619.

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Mixtures of pre-formed microtubules, polymerized from chicken erythrocyte and brain tubulin, rapidly anneal end-to-end in vitro in standard microtubule assembly buffer. The erythrocyte tubulin segments in annealed heteropolymers can be distinguished by an immunoelectron microscopic assay that uses an antibody specific for chicken erythrocyte beta-tubulin. An annealing process is consistent with the following observations: (a) Microtubule number decreases while the polymer mass remains constant. (b) As the total number of microtubules declines, the number of heteropolymers, and the number of se

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2

Huseby, Carol J., Ralf Bundschuh, and Jeff Kuret. "Tau Filament Length Distribution Reflects End-To-End Annealing." Biophysical Journal 108, no. 2 (2015): 62a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.372.

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3

Uchida, A., G. Colakoglu, L. Wang, P. C. Monsma, and A. Brown. "Severing and end-to-end annealing of neurofilaments in neurons." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 29 (2013): E2696—E2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221835110.

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4

Hehn, Thomas M., Julian F. P. Kooij, and Fred A. Hamprecht. "End-to-End Learning of Decision Trees and Forests." International Journal of Computer Vision 128, no. 4 (2019): 997–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-019-01237-6.

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Abstract Conventional decision trees have a number of favorable properties, including a small computational footprint, interpretability, and the ability to learn from little training data. However, they lack a key quality that has helped fuel the deep learning revolution: that of being end-to-end trainable. Kontschieder et al. (ICCV, 2015) have addressed this deficit, but at the cost of losing a main attractive trait of decision trees: the fact that each sample is routed along a small subset of tree nodes only. We here present an end-to-end learning scheme for deterministic decision trees and

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5

Çolakoğlu, Gülsen, and Anthony Brown. "Intermediate filaments exchange subunits along their length and elongate by end-to-end annealing." Journal of Cell Biology 185, no. 5 (2009): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200809166.

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Actin filaments and microtubules lengthen and shorten by addition and loss of subunits at their ends, but it is not known whether this is also true for intermediate filaments. In fact, several studies suggest that in vivo, intermediate filaments may lengthen by end-to-end annealing and that addition and loss of subunits is not confined to the filament ends. To test these hypotheses, we investigated the assembly dynamics of neurofilament and vimentin intermediate filament proteins in cultured cells using cell fusion, photobleaching, and photoactivation strategies in combination with conventiona

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Andrianantoandro, Ernesto, Laurent Blanchoin, David Sept, J. Andrew McCammon, and Thomas D. Pollard. "Kinetic mechanism of end-to-end annealing of actin filaments 1 1Edited by M. F. Moody." Journal of Molecular Biology 312, no. 4 (2001): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2001.5005.

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7

Hugdahl, Jeffrey D., Carol L. Bokros, and Louis C. Morejohn. "End-to-End Annealing of Plant Microtubules by the p86 Subunit of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-(iso)4F." Plant Cell 7, no. 12 (1995): 2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3870156.

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8

Caplow, M., J. Shanks, and B. P. Brylawski. "Differentiation between dynamic instability and end-to-end annealing models for length changes of steady-state microtubules." Journal of Biological Chemistry 261, no. 34 (1986): 16233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)66704-3.

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9

Hugdahl, J. D., C. L. Bokros, and L. C. Morejohn. "End-to-end annealing of plant microtubules by the p86 subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor-(iso)4F." Plant Cell 7, no. 12 (1995): 2129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.7.12.2129.

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10

Guo, Fei, Jenan Saadatmand, Meijuan Niu, and Lawrence Kleiman. "Roles of Gag and NCp7 in Facilitating \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathbf{tRNA}_{3}^{\mathbf{Lys}}\) \end{document} Annealing to Viral RNA in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Virology 83, no. 16 (2009): 8099–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00488-09.

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ABSTRACT In protease-negative human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) [Pr(-)], the amount of \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{tRNA}_{3}^{\mathrm{Lys}}\) \end{document} annealed by Gag is modestly reduced (∼25%) compared to that annealed by mature nucleocapsid (NCp7) in protease-positive HIV-1 [Pr(+)]. However, the \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin

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11

Penn, Brian S. "Using simulated annealing to obtain optimal linear end-member mixtures of hyperspectral data." Computers & Geosciences 28, no. 7 (2002): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0098-3004(01)00114-5.

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12

Endo, M., B. J. Lee, Y. A. Kim, et al. "Transitional behaviour in the transformation from active end planes to stable loops caused by annealing." New Journal of Physics 5 (September 30, 2003): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/5/1/121.

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13

An, Liwei, Chao Dong, Junshi Li, et al. "RNF169 limits 53BP1 deposition at DSBs to stimulate single-strand annealing repair." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 35 (2018): E8286—E8295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804823115.

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Unrestrained 53BP1 activity at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) hampers DNA end resection and upsets DSB repair pathway choice. RNF169 acts as a molecular rheostat to limit 53BP1 deposition at DSBs, but how this fine balance translates to DSB repair control remains undefined. In striking contrast to 53BP1, ChIP analyses of AsiSI-induced DSBs unveiled that RNF169 exhibits robust accumulation at DNA end-proximal regions and preferentially targets resected, RPA-bound DSBs. Accordingly, we found that RNF169 promotes CtIP-dependent DSB resection and favors homology-mediated DSB repair, and further s

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14

Rothwell, S. W., W. A. Grasser, H. N. Baker, and D. B. Murphy. "The relative contributions of polymer annealing and subunit exchange to microtubule dynamics in vitro." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 2 (1987): 863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.2.863.

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Microtubules that are free of microtubule-associated protein undergo dynamic changes at steady state, becoming longer but fewer in number with time through a process which was previously assumed to be based entirely on mechanisms of subunit exchange at polymer ends. However, we recently demonstrated that brain and erythrocyte microtubules are capable of joining end-to-end and suggested that polymer annealing may also affect the dynamic behavior of microtubules in vitro (Rothwell, S. W., W. A. Grasser, and D. B. Murphy, 1986, J. Cell Biol. 102:619-627). In the present study, we first show that

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15

Suguro, Kyoichi. "Ultra-Rapid Thermal Process for ULSIs." Materials Science Forum 573-574 (March 2008): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.573-574.319.

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This paper reports on the ultra-rapid thermal annealing of next generation MOSFETs. In ultra-rapid thermal annealing, the most important issue is to achieve a good balance between electrical activation and impurity diffusion. Another issue of annealing implantation damages is also discussed: Optimized annealing combined with millisecond annealing and conventional halogen lamp annealing is necessary for annealing out defects at end-of range region. Application possibilities of millisecond annealing for deep junction activation and oxidation are also discussed.

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16

Murphy, D. B., R. O. Gray, W. A. Grasser, and T. D. Pollard. "Direct demonstration of actin filament annealing in vitro." Journal of Cell Biology 106, no. 6 (1988): 1947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.106.6.1947.

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Direct electron microscopic examination confirms that short actin filaments rapidly anneal end-to-end in vitro, leading over time to an increase in filament length at steady state. During annealing of mixtures of native unlabeled filaments and glutaraldehyde-fixed filaments labeled with myosin subfragment-1, the structural polarity within heteropolymers is conserved absolutely. Annealing does not appear to require either ATP hydrolysis or the presence of exogenous actin monomers, suggesting that joining occurs through the direct association of filament ends. During recovery from sonication the

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17

Khan, Shagufta, Kamlesh Chandra, Vivekanand Kain, and A. V. R. Reddy. "End Grain Corrosion: Establishing Microstructural Causes and Preventive Steps." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.693.

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Nuclear spent fuel reprocessing and waste management plants use nitric acid as process fluid and type 304 L stainless steel as construction material. Tubular products like bars, tubes and pipes are prone to End Grain Corrosion from the exposed cross-sectional surfaces. In this study, type 304 L stainless steel is subjected to different heat treatment to induce selective segregation of phosphorus. The susceptibility to End Grain Corrosion was established in tests using boiling nitric acid containing oxidizing Cr(VI) ions. A clear effect on End Grain Corrosion was found for heat treatment report

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18

Li, Jinbao, Huize Sun, Yulin Huang, Yali Wang, Yuyan Liu, and Xuefeng Chen. "Pathways and assays for DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 51, no. 9 (2019): 879–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abbs/gmz076.

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AbstractDouble strand breaks (DSBs) are the most detrimental type of DNA damage that must be repaired to ensure genome integrity and cell survival. Unrepaired or improperly repaired DSBs can potentially cause tumorigenesis or cell death. DSBs are primarily repaired by non-homologous end joining or homologous recombination (HR). The HR pathway is initiated by processing of the 5′-end of DSBs to generate 3′-end single-strand DNA (ssDNA). Furthermore, the intermediate is channeled to one of the HR sub-pathways, including: (i) double Holliday junction (dHJ) pathway, (ii) synthesis-dependent strand

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19

Gabor, Juliana, Shan Cen, Hassan Javanbakht, Meijuan Niu, and Lawrence Kleiman. "Effect of Altering the tRNA\batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(_{3}^{Lys}\) \end{document}Concentration in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 upon Its Annealing to Viral RNA, GagPol Incorporation, and Viral Infectivity." Journal of Virology 76, no. 18 (2002): 9096–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.18.9096-9102.2002.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uses tRNA \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(_{3}^{Lys}\) \end{document} as a primer for reverse transcription and, during viral assembly, this tRNA is selectively packaged into the virus along with the other major tRNALys, tRNA \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(_{1,2}^{Lys}\) \end{document} . Inc

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20

Zain, Azlan Mohd, Habibollah Haron, and Safian Sharif. "SIMULATED ANNEALING TO ESTIMATE THE OPTIMAL CUTTING CONDITIONS FOR MINIMIZING SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN END MILLING Ti-6Al-4V." Machining Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (2010): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10910340903586558.

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21

Guo, Fei, Shan Cen, Meijuan Niu, Hassan Javanbakht, and Lawrence Kleiman. "Specific Inhibition of the Synthesis of Human Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase Results in Decreases in tRNALys Incorporation, tRNA3LysAnnealing to Viral RNA, and Viral Infectivity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Virology 77, no. 18 (2003): 9817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.18.9817-9822.2003.

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ABSTRACT The major human tRNALys isoacceptors, \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(tRNA_{1,2}^{Lys}\) \end{document} and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(tRNA_{3}^{Lys}\) \end{document} , are selectively packaged into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) during assembly, where \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepack

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22

Kovar, David R., Jeffrey R. Kuhn, Andrea L. Tichy, and Thomas D. Pollard. "The fission yeast cytokinesis formin Cdc12p is a barbed end actin filament capping protein gated by profilin." Journal of Cell Biology 161, no. 5 (2003): 875–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200211078.

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Cytokinesis in most eukaryotes requires the assembly and contraction of a ring of actin filaments and myosin II. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe requires the formin Cdc12p and profilin (Cdc3p) early in the assembly of the contractile ring. The proline-rich formin homology (FH) 1 domain binds profilin, and the FH2 domain binds actin. Expression of a construct consisting of the Cdc12 FH1 and FH2 domains complements a conditional mutant of Cdc12 at the restrictive temperature, but arrests cells at the permissive temperature. Cells overexpressing Cdc12(FH1FH2)p stop growing with excess

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23

Cernik, R. J., M. Barwick, F. Azough, and R. Freer. "A synchrotron X-ray study of structural ordering in the microwave dielectric ceramic system: Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3." Journal of Applied Crystallography 40, no. 4 (2007): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889807028051.

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Microwave dielectric ceramics in Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(BNN–BZN) have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction. Two crystalline phases (cubicPm\bar{3}mand trigonalP\bar{3}m1) have been found to coexist in both the BZN and BNN end members and mixed phases. A direct correlation between cooling rate (513 K h−1to 275 K h−1) after sintering (annealing) and the growth of the trigonal ordered phase has been observed. The effect of annealing time (up to 72 h) at 1573 K has also been investigated for BNN ceramics and has been found to affect the growth of the ordered

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24

Wang, Min Li, Zhi Wang Zheng, and Li Xiao. "Effect of Annealing Process and Cold Reduction Ratio on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of 350MPa Grade Structural Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Sheets." Applied Mechanics and Materials 109 (October 2011): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.109.23.

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Hot rolled 350MPa Grade structural hot dip galvanized steel sheets was used to study the effect of annealing process and cold reduction ratio on the microstructures and mechanical properties. The results showed that the experimental steel was recrystallize finished after cold rolling follow different cold reduction ratio and Salt-bath annealing (annealing temperature 750°C and soaking time 60s) under experimental condition. When the cold reduction ratio was increased, annealing temperature was above 720°C, the yield strength and tension strength had no significant change. The annealing tempera

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25

Huang, Dong-Lin, Bei Zhang, and Jun Zhang. "Morphological transformations of AB diblock copolymer particles in soft confinement." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 12 (2020): 2050118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220501180.

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The morphologies of diblock copolymers self-assembled under selected solvent have been investigated systematically using a simulated annealing method. Various categories of internal morphologies are observed. The morphology transform can be modulated by three important factors: softness of confinement, volume fraction of A/B monomers ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) and selectivity of solvent. With increase in [Formula: see text], the selectivity of solvent can determine the type and number of cores. The softness of confinement can greatly influence the shape of copolymer which pr

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26

Yannuzzi, Ian, Margaret A. Butler, Joel Fernandez, and Jeannine R. LaRocque. "The Role of Drosophila CtIP in Homology-Directed Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks." Genes 12, no. 9 (2021): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12091430.

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DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a particularly genotoxic type of DNA damage that can result in chromosomal aberrations. Thus, proper repair of DSBs is essential to maintaining genome integrity. DSBs can be repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), where ends are processed before joining through ligation. Alternatively, DSBs can be repaired through homology-directed repair, either by homologous recombination (HR) or single-strand annealing (SSA). Both types of homology-directed repair are initiated by DNA end resection. In cultured human cells, the protein CtIP has been shown to play a

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27

XUE, BIN, JUN WANG, and WEI WANG. "THE "FOLDING" BEHAVIORS OF HOMOPOLYMERS WITH ONE END FIXED." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 15 (2004): 2123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204025294.

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We study the "folding" behaviors of homopolymers with one end fixed. By using canonical ensemble molecular dynamics simulation method, we observe the conformational changes during folding processes. Long chains collapse to the helical nuclei, then regroup to helix from the free-end to form the compact conformations through the middle stages of helix-like coil and helix-like cone, while short chains do not apparently have the above mentioned middle stages. Through simulated annealing, the native conformation of homopolymer chain in our model is found to be helix. We show the relations between s

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28

Al Hazza, Muataz Hazza Faizi, Amin M. F. Seder, Erry Y. T. Adesta, Mohammad Riza, and N. M. Shaffiar. "Multi Objective Optimisation for High Speed End Milling Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.113.

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Machining at high cutting speeds produces higher temperatures in the cutting zone. These temperatures affect the surface quality and flank wear progress. Therefore, determining the optimum cutting levels to achieve the minimum surface roughness and flank wear is an important for it is economical and mechanical issues. This paper presents the optimization of machining parameters in end milling processes by using the simulated annealing algorithm (SAA) as one of the unconventional methods in optimization. The minimum arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and minimum flank wear length were the objective

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29

Zain, Azlan Mohd, Habibollah Haron, and Safian Sharif. "Integration of simulated annealing and genetic algorithm to estimate optimal solutions for minimising surface roughness in end milling Ti-6AL-4V." International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 24, no. 6 (2011): 574–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0951192x.2011.566629.

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30

Tsai, Linda Jillianne, Felicia Wednesday Lopezcolorado, Ragini Bhargava, Carlos Mendez-Dorantes, Eva Jahanshir, and Jeremy M. Stark. "RNF8 has both KU-dependent and independent roles in chromosomal break repair." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 11 (2020): 6032–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa380.

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Abstract Chromosomal double strand breaks (DSBs) can initiate several signaling events, such as ubiquitination, however the precise influence of such signaling on DSB repair outcomes remains poorly understood. With an RNA interference screen, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF8 suppresses a deletion rearrangement mediated by canonical non-homologous end joining (C-NHEJ). We also found that RNF8 suppresses EJ without insertion/deletion mutations, which is a hallmark of C-NHEJ. Conversely, RNF8 promotes alternative EJ (ALT-EJ) events involving microhomology that is embedded from the edge

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31

Burns, R. G. "Assembly of chick brain MAP2-tubulin microtubule protein. Characterization of the protein and the MAP2-dependent addition of tubulin dimers." Biochemical Journal 277, no. 1 (1991): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2770231.

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The principle proteins present in twice-cycled chick brain microtubule protein were characterized. The protein consists of a stoichiometric mixture of MAP2 and tubulin, together with a number of minor components. Its composition remains unaltered after a third cycle of assembly in a buffer supplemented with 67 mM-NaCl, with the exception of the phosphorylation of MAP2 to a low level (congruent to 1 mol.mol-1). The inclusion of 67 mM-NaCl dissociates the MAP2-tubulin oligomers, and restricts the assembly to the MAP2-dependent addition and loss of tubulin dimers, such that the assembly kinetics

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32

Daley, James M., and Thomas E. Wilson. "Rejoining of DNA Double-Strand Breaks as a Function of Overhang Length." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 3 (2005): 896–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.3.896-906.2005.

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ABSTRACT The ends of spontaneously occurring double-strand breaks (DSBs) may contain various lengths of single-stranded DNA, blocking lesions, and gaps and flaps generated by end annealing. To investigate the processing of such structures, we developed an assay in which annealed oligonucleotides are ligated onto the ends of a linearized plasmid which is then transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Reconstitution of a marker occurs only when the oligonucleotides are incorporated and repair is in frame, permitting rapid analysis of complex DSB ends. Here, we created DSBs with compatible overh

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TAN, L. S., J. Y. TAN, A. BEGUM, et al. "PULSED LASER ANNEALING OF ULTRA-SHALLOW JUNCTIONS IN SILICON–GERMANIUM." International Journal of Nanoscience 09, no. 04 (2010): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x10006922.

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The effect of laser energy fluence and substrate heating on the annealing of boron-implanted silicon–germanium epitaxial layers on silicon was investigated. By making use of the difference in the melting points of silicon–germanium and silicon, a process window in the laser energy fluence can be found such that the meltdepth was confined within the silicon–germanium. Pre-heating of the substrate to 300°C was done to reduce the laser fluence required and improve the surface morphology. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy showed that there were no end-of-range defects due to ion imp

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Kim, Bong Hoon, Chong Min Koo, Seong Jun Jeong, Dong Ok Shin, and Sang Ouk Kim. "Self-Assembled Nanostructures of Block Copolymers on Random Copolymer Brush." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.579.

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We synthesized the polymer brushes by conventional free radical polymerization and investigated the morphology evolution of block copolymer nanostructure on the brush treated surfaces. Our simple approach utilized a functionalized free radical initiator to add hydroxyl group to a chain end and an excess amount of a chain transfer agent to control the molecular weights of the brushes. The synthesized polymer brushes had narrow molecular weight distribution as well as hydroxyl end group and were successfully grafted onto silicon oxide layer by simple spin-coating and annealing process. The orien

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35

Colaiácovo, Mónica P., Frédéric Pâques, and James E. Haber. "Removal of One Nonhomologous DNA End During Gene Conversion by a RAD1- and MSH2-Independent Pathway." Genetics 151, no. 4 (1999): 1409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/151.4.1409.

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Abstract Repair of a double-strand break (DSB) by homologous recombination depends on the invasion of a 3′-ended strand into an intact template sequence to initiate new DNA synthesis. When the end of the invading DNA is not homologous to the donor, the nonhomologous sequences must be removed before new synthesis can begin. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the removal of these ends depends on both the nucleotide excision repair endonuclease Rad1p/Rad10p and the mismatch repair proteins Msh2p/Msh3p. In rad1 or msh2 mutants, when both ends of the DSB have nonhomologous ends, repair is reduced ∼90-fol

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36

Miyoshi, Takushi, Takahiro Tsuji, Chiharu Higashida, et al. "Actin turnover–dependent fast dissociation of capping protein in the dendritic nucleation actin network: evidence of frequent filament severing." Journal of Cell Biology 175, no. 6 (2006): 947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200604176.

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Actin forms the dendritic nucleation network and undergoes rapid polymerization-depolymerization cycles in lamellipodia. To elucidate the mechanism of actin disassembly, we characterized molecular kinetics of the major filament end-binding proteins Arp2/3 complex and capping protein (CP) using single-molecule speckle microscopy. We have determined the dissociation rates of Arp2/3 and CP as 0.048 and 0.58 s−1, respectively, in lamellipodia of live XTC fibroblasts. This CP dissociation rate is three orders of magnitude faster than in vitro. CP dissociates slower from actin stress fibers than fro

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37

Blasiak, Janusz. "Single-Strand Annealing in Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (2021): 2167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042167.

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DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are among the most serious forms of DNA damage. In humans, DSBs are repaired mainly by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination repair (HRR). Single-strand annealing (SSA), another DSB repair system, uses homologous repeats flanking a DSB to join DNA ends and is error-prone, as it removes DNA fragments between repeats along with one repeat. Many DNA deletions observed in cancer cells display homology at breakpoint junctions, suggesting the involvement of SSA. When multiple DSBs occur in different chromosomes, SSA may result in chromosomal t

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Hazdra, Pavel, and Volodymyr V. Komarnitskyy. "Radiation Defects and Thermal Donors Introduced in Silicon by Hydrogen and Helium Implantation and Subsequent Annealing." Solid State Phenomena 131-133 (October 2007): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.131-133.201.

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The effect of high-energy hydrogen and helium implantation and subsequent annealing on generation of radiation defects and shallow donors in the low-doped oxygen-rich FZ n-type silicon was investigated. Samples were implanted with 7 MeV 4He2+ or 1.8 MeV 1H+ to fluences ranging from 1x109 to 3x1011 cm-2 and 1.4x1010 to 5x1012cm-2, resp., and then isochronally annealed for 30 minutes in the temperature range up to 550°C. Results show that radiation damage produced by helium ions remarkably enhances formation of thermal donors (TDs) when annealing temperature exceeds 375°C, i.e. when the majority

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Öz, Robin, Sean M. Howard, Rajhans Sharma, et al. "Phosphorylated CtIP bridges DNA to promote annealing of broken ends." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 35 (2020): 21403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008645117.

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The early steps of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in human cells involve the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and its cofactor, phosphorylated CtIP. The roles of these proteins in nucleolytic DSB resection are well characterized, but their role in bridging the DNA ends for efficient and correct repair is much less explored. Here we study the binding of phosphorylated CtIP, which promotes the endonuclease activity of MRN, to single long (∼50 kb) DNA molecules using nanofluidic channels and compare it to the yeast homolog Sae2. CtIP bridges DNA in a manner that depends on the oligomeric stat

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Liu, Zhi Tao, Dan Dan Ji, Bin Xu, Hong Xia Jia, and Xin Liao. "Simulated Annealing Algorithm Optimization of the Deterred-Coating Propellant Charge Design." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.99.

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In order to get better interior ballistic performance of deterred-coating propellant charge (DCPC), the simulated annealing algorithm optimization of DCPC carries out in this paper. The interior ballistic model of DCPC and its model of simulated annealing algorithm optimization are established based on the characteristics of deterred-coating propellant. Two key parameters of DCPC, the mass ratio of deterred-coating propellants to total propellants and the average perforation pressure of deterred-coating propellant，are optimized for the search of the maximum muzzle velocity under the restrictin

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Fang, Jie, Ping Li, and Hong Shan Xia. "A Hybrid Simulate Annealing Algorithm Based on Aircraft Emergency Dispatching System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.111.

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Airlines aircraft emergency dispatch affects the operation efficiency and flight benefits in emergency situation. The system operations control center (SOC) of airlines must generate the best dispatching solutions to make a rational organization for surplus aircraft. On the basis of considering aircraft plan regulations and cost, the research construct surplus aircraft dispatching model, using heuristic pretreatment method to generate surplus aircraft routings for reducing the solution space and decreasing the original algorithm complexity. It presents an approach on hybrid simulated annealing

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Lizzul, Lucia, Marco Sorgato, Andrea Ghiotti, and Stefania Bruschi. "Surface Treatment to Promote Joining of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic and AZ31 Magnesium Alloy for Fiber Metal Laminates via Hot Metal Pressing." Key Engineering Materials 883 (April 2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.111.

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When fabricating fiber metal laminates, the joining between the metal sheet and the composite is affected by the chemical and mechanical properties at the interface. To this end, this study investigated the influence of different induced-surface characteristics of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets when joint with glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6. The treatments, carried out to modify the AZ31B surfaces, were annealing, sandblasting, and their combination. The mechanical and chemical interlocking at the metal-composite interface was assessed in terms of macroscopic and microscopic defects as well

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Zhang, Yongjie, and Seung Ki Moon. "The Effect of Annealing on Additive Manufactured ULTEM™ 9085 Mechanical Properties." Materials 14, no. 11 (2021): 2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112907.

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is increasingly adopted for direct manufacturing of end use parts in an aviation industry. However, the application of FFF technique is still restricted to manufacturing low criticality lightly loaded parts, due to poor mechanical performance. To alleviate the mechanical performance issue, thermal annealing process is frequently utilized. However, problems such as distortion issues and the need for jigs and fixtures limit the effectiveness of the thermal annealing process, especially for low volume complex FFF parts. In this research, a novel low temperature th

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Wang, Min Li, Zhi Wang Zheng, and Li Xiao. "Determination of Optimal Cold Reduction Ratio and Annealing Process of High Plastic Stain Ratio Structural Cold Rolling Steel Sheets." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.489.

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Hot rolled high plastic stain ratio structural steel sheets was used to study the effect of cold reduction ratio and annealing process on the microstructures and mechanical properties. The results showed that the structural steel sheets was recrystallize finished after cold rolling follow different cold reduction ratio and batch annealing(annealing temperature 670°C and soaking time 5h) under experimental condition. When the cold reduction ratio was increased, the yield strength and tension strength increase, the elongation reduced followed different heating speed. The plastic strain ratio r v

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Skorupa, Wolfgang. "Short Time Thermal Processing: From Electronics via Photonics to Pipe Organs of the 17^th Century." Materials Science Forum 573-574 (March 2008): 417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.573-574.417.

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There is a clear and increasing interest in short time thermal processing far below one second, i.e. the lower limit of RTP (Rapid Thermal Processing) called spike annealing. It is the world of processing in the millisecond or nanosecond range. This was driven by the need of suppressing the so-called Transient Enhanced Diffusion in advanced boron-implanted shallow pnjunctions in the front-end silicon chip technology. Meanwhile the interest in flash lamp annealing (FLA) in the millisecond range spread out into other fields related to silicon technology and beyond. This paper reports shortly abo

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Razavi, Gholam Reza. "The Study of Type Twin Annealing in High Mn Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1085.

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TWIP steels are high manganese steel (Mn: 17% - 35%) which are used for shaping car bodies. The structure of this kind of steels remains austenite even in room temperature. Due to low SFE (Stacking Fault Energy) twinning of grains is governing reformation mechanism in this kind of steels which strengthen TWIP steel. Regarding heat treatment influences on mechanical properties of TWIP steels, in this paper we discuss twinning phenomenon resulting from this kind of treatment. For this, following casting and hot rolling processes, we anneal the steel at 1100°C and different time cycles and study

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Pastwa, Elzbieta, and Janusz Błasiak. "Non-homologous DNA end joining." Acta Biochimica Polonica 50, no. 4 (2003): 891–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2003_3622.

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DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are a serious threat for the cell and when not repaired or misrepaired can result in mutations or chromosome rearrangements and eventually in cell death. Therefore, cells have evolved a number of pathways to deal with DSB including homologous recombination (HR), single-strand annealing (SSA) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). In mammals DSBs are primarily repaired by NHEJ and HR, while HR repair dominates in yeast, but this depends also on the phase of the cell cycle. NHEJ functions in all kinds of cells, from bacteria to man, and depends on the structure of

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Zhao, Lei, Chengyu Bao, Yuxuan Shang, et al. "The Determinant of DNA Repair Pathway Choices in Ionising Radiation-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks." BioMed Research International 2020 (August 25, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4834965.

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Ionising radiation- (IR-) induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered to be the deleterious DNA lesions that pose a serious threat to genomic stability. The major DNA repair pathways, including classical nonhomologous end joining, homologous recombination, single-strand annealing, and alternative end joining, play critical roles in countering and eliciting IR-induced DSBs to ensure genome integrity. If the IR-induced DNA DSBs are not repaired correctly, the residual or incorrectly repaired DSBs can result in genomic instability that is associated with certain human diseases. Althoug

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Lelito, Janusz. "Crystallization Kinetics Analysis of the Amorphouse Mg72Zn24Ca4 Alloy at the Isothermal Annealing Temperature of 507 K." Materials 13, no. 12 (2020): 2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122815.

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This paper presents tests of metallic glass based on Mg72Zn24Ca4 alloy. Metallic glass was made using induction melting and further injection on a rotating copper wheel. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to investigate the phase transformation of an amorphous ribbon. The tests were carried out at an isothermal annealing temperature of 507 K. The Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mahl-Avrami-Evans model was used to analyze the crystallization kinetics of the amorphous Mg72Zn24Ca4 alloy. In this model, both Avrami’s exponent n and transformation rate constant K were analyzed. Both of these kin

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Jiménez-Martín, Antonio, Alfonso Mateos, and Josefa Z. Hernández. "Aluminium Parts Casting Scheduling Based on Simulated Annealing." Mathematics 9, no. 7 (2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9070741.

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This paper focuses on the last stage of the aluminium production process in the context of Industry 4.0: schedule optimization in the casting process. Casting is one of the oldest manufacturing processes in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold that contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape and then allowed to solidify. This is a complex scheduling problem in which several constraints, such as different maintenance processes, maximum stocks, machine breakdowns, work shifts, or the maximum number of mold changes per day, come into play. Four objective functions have to be ta

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