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Journal articles on the topic 'End use water models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

White, S., G. Milne, and C. Riedy. "End use analysis: issues and lessons." Water Supply 4, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2004.0043.

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Methodologies for end use analysis have been developed by different researchers in the energy and water fields and in different areas in the world over the last 20 years. While there are core features associated with the methodologies and models used, the differences can provide insight into the ways that they might be improved, as well as the differences that may be required in different regions and when models are used for different purposes. In addition to reviewing the field of end use analysis and appliance stock models, this paper will focus on two case studies. The first is the Sydney W

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2

Cahill, R., J. R. Lund, B. DeOreo, and J. Medellín-Azuara. "Household water use and conservation models using Monte Carlo techniques." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 10 (October 15, 2013): 3957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3957-2013.

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Abstract. The increased availability of end use measurement studies allows for mechanistic and detailed approaches to estimating household water demand and conservation potential. This study simulates water use in a single-family residential neighborhood using end-water-use parameter probability distributions generated from Monte Carlo sampling. This model represents existing water use conditions in 2010 and is calibrated to 2006–2011 metered data. A two-stage mixed integer optimization model is then developed to estimate the least-cost combination of long- and short-term conservation actions

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Cahill, R., J. R. Lund, B. DeOreo, and J. Medellín-Azuara. "Household water use and conservation models using Monte Carlo techniques." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 4 (April 17, 2013): 4869–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-4869-2013.

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Abstract. The increased availability of water end use measurement studies allows for more mechanistic and detailed approaches to estimating household water demand and conservation potential. This study uses, probability distributions for parameters affecting water use estimated from end use studies and randomly sampled in Monte Carlo iterations to simulate water use in a single-family residential neighborhood. This model represents existing conditions and is calibrated to metered data. A two-stage mixed integer optimization model is then developed to estimate the least-cost combination of long

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Sebri, Maamar. "ANN versus SARIMA models in forecasting residential water consumption in Tunisia." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 3 (February 15, 2013): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.031.

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Water scarcity and increasing water demand, especially for residential end-use, are major challenges facing Tunisia. The need to accurately forecast water consumption is useful for the planning and management of this natural resource. In the current study, quarterly time series of household water consumption in Tunisia was forecast using a comparative analysis between the traditional Box–Jenkins method and an artificial neural networks approach. In particular, an attempt was made to test the effectiveness of data preprocessing, such as detrending and deseasonalization, on the accuracy of neura

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Rummukainen, M., J. Räisänen, D. Bjørge, J. H. Christensen, O. B. Christensen, T. Iversen, K. Jylhä, H. Ólafsson, and H. Tuomenvirta. "Regional Climate Scenarios for use in Nordic Water Resources Studies." Hydrology Research 34, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2003.0014.

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According to global climate projections, a substantial global climate change will occur during the next decades, under the assumption of continuous anthropogenic climate forcing. Global models, although fundamental in simulating the response of the climate system to anthropogenic forcing are typically geographically too coarse to well represent many regional or local features. In the Nordic region, climate studies are conducted in each of the Nordic countries to prepare regional climate projections with more detail than in global ones. Results so far indicate larger temperature changes in the

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Lee, Soo-Jin, You-Jeong Kim, Hye-Sun Jin, Sung-Im Kim, Soo-Yeon Ha, and Seung-Yeong Song. "Residential End-Use Energy Estimation Models in Korean Apartment Units through Multiple Regression Analysis." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122327.

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The aim of this study was to develop a mathematical regression model for predicting end-use energy consumption in the residential sector. To this end, housing characteristics were collected through a field survey and in-depth interviews with residents of 71 households (15 apartment complexes) in Seoul, South Korea, and annual data on end-use energy consumption were collected from measurement systems installed within each apartment unit. Based on the data collected, correlativity between the field-survey data and end-use energy consumption was analyzed, and effective independent variables from

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Mateus, Marcos, Ricardo Vieira, Carina Almeida, Miguel Silva, and Filipa Reis. "ScoRE—A Simple Approach to Select a Water Quality Model." Water 10, no. 12 (December 9, 2018): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121811.

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Over the past decades, water quality models have become unique tools in the management of aquatic resources. A consequence of their widespread application is the significant number of models now available. Available methodologies to compare models provide limited support for their choice in the first place, especially to end-users or modelers with limited experience. Here we propose a method to assist in the selection of a particular model from a set of apparently similar models. The method is termed ScoRE, as it grades models according to three main aspects: Scope (aim, simulated processes, c

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Mundi, Gurvinder, Richard G. Zytner, Keith Warriner, Hossein Bonakdari, and Bahram Gharabaghi. "Machine Learning Models for Predicting Water Quality of Treated Fruit and Vegetable Wastewater." Water 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 2485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182485.

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Wash-waters and wastewaters from the fruit and vegetable processing industry are characterized in terms of solids and organic content that requires treatment to meet regulatory standards for purpose-of-use. In the following, the efficacy of 13 different water remediation methods (coagulation, filtration, bioreactors, and ultraviolet-based methods) to treat fourteen types of wastewater derived from fruit and vegetable processing (fruit, root vegetables, leafy greens) were examined. Each treatment was assessed in terms of reducing suspended solids, total phosphorus, nitrogen, biochemical and che

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Lee, Sanghoon, Dugin Kaown, Eun‐Hee Koh, Kyung‐Seok Ko, and Kang‐Kun Lee. "Delineation of groundwater quality locations suitable for target end‐use purposes through deep neural network models." Journal of Environmental Quality 50, no. 2 (March 2021): 416–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20206.

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Kotowski, Jerzy, Jacek Oko, and Monika Żygadło. "Simulation of water supply networks using modern means of information technology." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400076.

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We present in turn the development of computer technology from the beginning of its creation on our planet. Then we discuss the development of information technology at our university. At the end, we present a selected technical problem which is the task of simulation of the water supply network. We present mathematical models of these issues and algorithms for their solutions requiring the use of a computer.

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Toth, Lorand, George Artur Găman, Daniel Pupăzan, Cristian Nicolescu, and and Marius Kovacs. "Use of Performance Criteria in Calibrating Methods for Modeling and Simulating the Pollution Phenomena of Surface Waters." E3S Web of Conferences 241 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124101003.

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The release of certain substances into surface waters (lakes, rivers, estuaries and oceans) to the point where they interfere with beneficial use of water or with natural functioning of ecosystems defines the phenomenon of pollution. When stating aspects of pollution modelling, we refer to constitutive equations of the model, which may involve different values, so that the shape of equation is flexible while maintaining its structure. Quantifying the phenomenon of water pollution through simulation and spatial-temporal modelling requires the use of hydrological models that use characteristic p

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Telteu, Camelia-Eliza, Hannes Müller Schmied, Wim Thiery, Guoyong Leng, Peter Burek, Xingcai Liu, Julien Eric Stanislas Boulange, et al. "Understanding each other's models: an introduction and a standard representation of 16 global water models to support intercomparison, improvement, and communication." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 6 (June 24, 2021): 3843–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3843-2021.

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Abstract. Global water models (GWMs) simulate the terrestrial water cycle on the global scale and are used to assess the impacts of climate change on freshwater systems. GWMs are developed within different modelling frameworks and consider different underlying hydrological processes, leading to varied model structures. Furthermore, the equations used to describe various processes take different forms and are generally accessible only from within the individual model codes. These factors have hindered a holistic and detailed understanding of how different models operate, yet such an understandi

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Otkin, Jason A., Derek J. Posselt, Erik R. Olson, Hung-Lung Huang, James E. Davies, Jun Li, and Christopher S. Velden. "Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Models Used in Support of Infrared Hyperspectral Measurement Simulation and Product Algorithm Development." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 585–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1994.1.

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Abstract A novel application of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models within an end-to-end processing system used to demonstrate advanced hyperspectral satellite technologies and instrument concepts is presented. As part of this system, sophisticated NWP models are used to generate simulated atmospheric profile datasets with fine horizontal and vertical resolution. The simulated datasets, which are treated as the “truth” atmosphere, are subsequently passed through a sophisticated forward radiative transfer model to generate simulated top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances across a broad spectra

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Chen, Zhuo, Huu Hao Ngo, Wenshan Guo, Xiaochang C. Wang, Clayton Miechel, Nigel Corby, Andrzej Listowski, and Kelly O'Halloran. "Analysis of social attitude to the new end use of recycled water for household laundry in Australia by the regression models." Journal of Environmental Management 126 (September 2013): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.012.

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Hublart, Paul, Denis Ruelland, Inaki García de Cortázar-Atauri, Simon Gascoin, Stef Lhermitte, and Antonio Ibacache. "Reliability of lumped hydrological modeling in a semi-arid mountainous catchment facing water-use changes." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 9 (September 8, 2016): 3691–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3691-2016.

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Abstract. This paper explores the reliability of a hydrological modeling framework in a mesoscale (1515 km2) catchment of the dry Andes (30° S) where irrigation water use and snow sublimation represent a significant part of the annual water balance. To this end, a 20-year simulation period encompassing a wide range of climate and water-use conditions was selected to evaluate three types of integrated models referred to as A, B and C. These models share the same runoff generation and routing module but differ in their approach to snowmelt modeling and irrigation water use. Model A relies on a s

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Hublart, P., D. Ruelland, I. García de Cortázar-Atauri, S. Gascoin, S. Lhermitte, and A. Ibacache. "Reliability of lumped hydrological modeling in a semi-arid mountainous catchment facing water-use changes." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2015): 11485–548. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-11485-2015.

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Abstract. This paper explores the reliability of a hydrological modeling framework in a mesoscale (1515 km2) catchment of the dry Andes (30° S) where irrigation water-use and snow sublimation represent a significant part of the annual water balance. To this end, a 20 year simulation period encompassing a wide range of climate and water-use conditions was selected to evaluate three types of integrated Models referred to as A, B and C. These Models share the same runoff generation and routing module but differ in their approach to snowmelt modeling and irrigation water-use. Model A relies on a s

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17

Gonçalves, Filipe, and Miguel Cavique. "F-Gas regulation-Possible solutions for the retrofit dead end." MATEC Web of Conferences 178 (2018): 09023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817809023.

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The EU F-gas regulation of 2006 and the recast of 2014 are forcing the market to reduce the use of refrigerants with high global warming potential (GWP). As a result, the production of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants with higher GWP decreased, making the prices of all HFC gases to increase. Any maintenance problem in a refrigeration system asks to evaluate the retrofitting of the gas making necessary to know the expected behaviour of the system. This paper aims to discuss the gases that can substitute the now-a-days HFCs, and the impact the retrofit will cause in a real air-conditioning s

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18

Rípodas, P., A. Gassmann, J. Förstner, D. Majewski, M. Giorgetta, P. Korn, L. Kornblueh, et al. "Icosahedral Shallow Water Model (ICOSWM): results of shallow water test cases and sensitivity to model parameters." Geoscientific Model Development 2, no. 2 (December 7, 2009): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2-231-2009.

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Abstract. The Icosahedral Shallow Water Model (ICOSWM) has been a first step in the development of the ICON (acronym for ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic) models. ICON is a joint project of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg (MPI-M) and Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) for the development of new unified general circulation models for climate modeling and numerical weather forecasting on global or regional domains. A short description of ICOSWM is given. Standard test cases are used to test the performance of ICOSWM. The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Spectral Transform

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Rípodas, P., A. Gassmann, J. Förstner, D. Majewski, M. Giorgetta, P. Korn, L. Kornblueh, et al. "Icosahedral Shallow Water Model (ICOSWM): results of shallow water test cases and sensitivity to model parameters." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 2, no. 1 (June 16, 2009): 581–638. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-2-581-2009.

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Abstract. The Icosahedral Shallow Water Model (ICOSWM) has been a first step in the development of the ICON (acronym for ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic) models. ICON is a joint project of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg (MPI-M) and Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) for the development of new unified general circulation models for climate modeling and numerical weather forecasting on global or regional domains. A short description of ICOSWM is given. Standard test cases are used to test the performance of ICOSWM. The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Spectral Transform

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20

Ibrahim A, Salmatta, Fayyaz Memon, and David Butler. "Seasonal Variation of Rainy and Dry Season Per Capita Water Consumption in Freetown City Sierra Leone." Water 13, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040499.

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Ensuring a sustainable urban water supply for developing/low-income countries requires an understanding of the factors affecting water consumption and technical evidence of individual consumption which can be used to design an improved water demand projection. This paper compared dry and rainy season water sources available for consumption and the end-use volume by each person in the different income groups. The study used a questionnaire survey to gather household data for a total of 398 households, which was analysed to develop the relationship between per capita water consumption characteri

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Batista, Lucas dos Santos, Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho, Clayton Moura de Carvalho, Alceu Pedrotti, Igor Leonardo Nascimento Santos, Gregorio Guirado Faccioli, Sara Julliane Ribeiro Assunção, and Douglas Romeu da Costa. "Water infiltration rate in the soil under different uses and covers in the Poxim River basin, Sergipe, Brazil." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 321–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss11.2756.

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Watersheds are units of planning and environmental management having a great importance in the management of water resources and their use. To this end, knowledge about the soil's physical and water attributes is of paramount importance in the context of water dynamics in aquifer recharge areas. Water infiltration rate into the soil is considered an important variable in the hydrological cycle, as the increase in this process can lead to a reduction in erosion and consequently greater groundwater recharge. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the soil water infiltration rate in the phytoph

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Sin, Gürkan, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, Stefan Weijers, and Peter A. Vanrolleghem. "Developing a framework for continuous use of models in daily management and operation of WWTPs: a life cycle approach." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 9 (May 1, 2008): 1301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.225.

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We developed and evaluated a framework for the continuous use of dynamic models in daily management and operation of WWTPs. The overall aim is to generate knowledge and build in-house capacity for the reliable use of dynamic models in practice (within a regional water authority in The Netherlands). To this end, we have adopted a life cycle approach, where the plant model follows the different stages that make up the typical lifespan of a plant. Since this approach creates a framework in which models are continuously reused, it is more efficient in terms of resources and investment than the tra

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Price, René M., Grzegorz Skrzypek, Pauline F. Grierson, Peter K. Swart, and James W. Fourqurean. "The use of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen to identify water sources in two hypersaline estuaries with different hydrologic regimes." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 11 (2012): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12042.

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Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen are used here with salinity data in geochemical and mass-balance models to decipher the proportion of different sources of water in two hypersaline estuaries that vary in size and hydrologic condition. Shark Bay, located on the mid-western coast of Australia, is hypersaline year round and has an arid climate. Florida Bay, located in the south-eastern United States, is seasonally hypersaline and has a subtropical climate. The water budget in both bays can be explained by evaporation of seawater, with seasonal inputs of surface-water runoff and precipitatio

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Mangalekar, R. D., and K. S. Gumaste. "Residential water demand modelling and hydraulic reliability in design of building water supply systems: a review." Water Supply 21, no. 4 (January 21, 2021): 1385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.021.

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Abstract The building water supply system is a fundamental unit in water supply systems as it is directly associated with end users. However, the studies available on its efficient design are limited. Water demand estimation continues to be an important issue in water supply systems' design because of its multifaceted nature. Hunter's curve, or Fixture Unit method, is widely used for estimating the load on plumbing. Regardless of its popularity, it has a few drawbacks and is arbitrarily modified in some plumbing codes. Fixture-use probability, a basic entity in the Fixture Unit and some other

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Liu, Ronghua, Jiahua Wei, Yan Ren, Qi Liu, Guangqian Wang, Songdong Shao, and Shuang Tang. "HydroMP – a computing platform for hydrodynamic simulation based on cloud computing." Journal of Hydroinformatics 19, no. 6 (September 12, 2017): 953–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2017.140.

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Abstract Modern water management decisions are increasingly dependent on efficient numerical simulations of multiple scenarios with multi-models. In this paper, a service mode for the hydrodynamic simulation based on cloud computing is proposed, and the relevant frameworks of the Hydrologic/Hydraulic Modeling Platform (HydroMP) are designed and implemented. Various hydro-models can be integrated into HydroMP dynamically without the need of program recompiling, since it achieves the scheduling of computing resources to provide end users with the rapid computing capacity of concurrent scenario s

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Shannon, Sarah, Robin Smith, Andy Wiltshire, Tony Payne, Matthias Huss, Richard Betts, John Caesar, Aris Koutroulis, Darren Jones, and Stephan Harrison. "Global glacier volume projections under high-end climate change scenarios." Cryosphere 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 325–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-325-2019.

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Abstract. The Paris agreement aims to hold global warming to well below 2 ∘C and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 ∘C relative to the pre-industrial period. Recent estimates based on population growth and intended carbon emissions from participant countries suggest global warming may exceed this ambitious target. Here we present glacier volume projections for the end of this century, under a range of high-end climate change scenarios, defined as exceeding +2 ∘C global average warming relative to the pre-industrial period. Glacier volume is modelled by developing an elevation-dependent mass

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Ockenden, M. C., N. A. Chappell, and C. Neal. "Quantifying the differential contributions of deep groundwater to streamflow in nested basins, using both water quality characteristics and water balance." Hydrology Research 45, no. 2 (August 22, 2013): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2013.035.

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This paper describes use of a hydro-chemical mixing model and a water budget to investigate the presence of deep runoff pathways in two small, nested sub-catchments of the Eden basin, UK (8.8 km2 Blind Beck and 1.0 km2 Low Hall stream). A linear relationship between bicarbonate concentration and electrical conductivity was used in a two-component mixing model. End-members were identified as a high-solute, deep groundwater and a low-solute, soil-water. The mixing model indicated 69% ± 10% deep groundwater in Low Hall for September–December 2008 and 46% ± 8% in Blind Beck for the same period. Th

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Bennetsen, Elina, Sacha Gobeyn, Gert Everaert, and Peter Goethals. "Setting Priorities in River Management Using Habitat Suitability Models." Water 13, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13070886.

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Worldwide river systems are under pressure from human development. River managers need to identify the most important stressors in a stream basin, to propose effective management interventions for river restoration. In the European Union, the Water Framework Directive proposes the ecological status as the management endpoint for these interventions. Many decision support tools exist that use predictive water quality models to evaluate different river management scenarios, but only a few consider a river’s ecological status in this analysis explicitly. This paper presents a novel method, which

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Blokker, Mirjam, Claudia Agudelo-Vera, Andreas Moerman, Peter van Thienen, and Ilse Pieterse-Quirijns. "Review of applications for SIMDEUM, a stochastic drinking water demand model with a small temporal and spatial scale." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 10, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-10-1-2017.

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Abstract. Many researchers have developed drinking water demand models with various temporal and spatial scales. A limited number of models is available at a temporal scale of 1 s and a spatial scale of a single home. The reasons for building these models were described in the papers in which the models were introduced, along with a discussion on their potential applications. However, the predicted applications are seldom re-examined. SIMDEUM, a stochastic end-use model for drinking water demand, has often been applied in research and practice since it was developed. We are therefore re-examin

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Grayson, Richard, Paul Kay, and Miles Foulger. "The use of GIS and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) to identify agricultural land management practices which cause surface water pollution in drinking water supply catchments." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 9 (November 1, 2008): 1797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.569.

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Diffuse pollution poses a threat to water quality and results in the need for treatment for potable water supplies which can prove costly. Within the Yorkshire region, UK, nitrates, pesticides and water colour present particular treatment problems. Catchment management techniques offer an alternative to ‘end of pipe’ solutions and allow resources to be targeted to the most polluting areas. This project has attempted to identify such areas using GIS based modelling approaches in catchments where water quality data were available. As no model exists to predict water colour a model was created us

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Saiyed, I. M., P. R. Bullock, H. D. Sapirstein, G. J. Finlay, and C. K. Jarvis. "Thermal time models for estimating wheat phenological development and weather-based relationships to wheat quality." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 89, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps07114.

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Accurate prediction of crop phenology is a key requirement for crop development models. The prediction of spring wheat yield and quality from meteorological data can be improved by quantifying heat and moisture conditions during specified phenological phases; therefore, accurate prediction of phenological development is important for estimating weather impacts on wheat quality. The objective of this study was to test the accuracy of biometeorological time (BMT), growing degree days (GDD), and physiological days (Pdays) for prediction of wheat phenological stages and impacts of growing season w

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Keeble, James, Birgit Hassler, Antara Banerjee, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Gabriel Chiodo, Sean Davis, Veronika Eyring, et al. "Evaluating stratospheric ozone and water vapour changes in CMIP6 models from 1850 to 2100." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 6 (March 31, 2021): 5015–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5015-2021.

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Abstract. Stratospheric ozone and water vapour are key components of the Earth system, and past and future changes to both have important impacts on global and regional climate. Here, we evaluate long-term changes in these species from the pre-industrial period (1850) to the end of the 21st century in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models under a range of future emissions scenarios. There is good agreement between the CMIP multi-model mean and observations for total column ozone (TCO), although there is substantial variation between the individual CMIP6 models. For the C

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Su, Benyu, Zhixiong Li, Rongyao Li, Rongfu Rao, and Jingcun Yu. "Exploration Disaster Source of Mine Water by Electromagnetic Radiation." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 26, no. 5 (October 27, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.26.5.25960.

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geological hazard in deep underground mining. Before the rock mass explosion, electromagnetic energy will radiate outward during the deformation and rupture of the coal rocks. Hence, it is possible to use the electromagnetic radiation to predict geological disasters in coal mines. A challenging task using the active source electromagnetic survey technique is to detect geological anomalies, such as disaster water sources and geological structures. To this end, this paper proposes a new electromagnetic radiation solution based on the forward and inversion theory to detect geological anomalies in

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Wijngaard, René Reijer, Hester Biemans, Arthur Friedrich Lutz, Arun Bhakta Shrestha, Philippus Wester, and Walter Willem Immerzeel. "Climate change vs. socio-economic development: understanding the future South Asian water gap." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 6297–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6297-2018.

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Abstract. The Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra (IGB) river basins provide about 900 million people with water resources used for agricultural, domestic, and industrial purposes. These river basins are marked as “climate change hotspots”, where climate change is expected to affect monsoon dynamics and the amount of meltwater from snow and ice, and thus the amount of water available. Simultaneously, rapid and continuous population growth as well as strong economic development will likely result in a rapid increase in water demand. Since quantification of these future trends is missing, it is rathe

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Endres, Anthony L., and Edward A. Bertrand. "A pore-size scale model for the dielectric properties of water-saturated clean rocks and soils." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (November 2006): F185—F193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2360192.

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The dielectric properties of water-saturated rock and soils are strongly dependent on the amount and nature of their porosity; interpretation of these geophysical data requires petrophysical models that incorporate both of these elements. The differential effective medium approximation (DEMA) is used to develop a dielectric permittivity model for clean (i.e., clay free) media that divides the pore spaces into elements corresponding to three categories of relative size scale: microscopic porosity (e.g., intergranular cracks), mesoscopic porosity (e.g., main pore volumes), and macroscopic porosi

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Wu, Yuqiang, Qinhui Wang, Ge Li, and Jidong Li. "Data-driven runoff forecasting for Minjiang River: a case study." Water Supply 20, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 2284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.134.

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Abstract Long-term runoff forecasting has the characteristics of a long forecast period, which can be widely applied in environmental protection, hydropower operation, flood prevention and waterlogging management, water transport management, and optimal allocation of water resources. Many models and methods are currently used for runoff prediction, and data-driven models for runoff prediction are now mainstream methods, but their prediction accuracy cannot meet the needs of production departments. To this end, the present research starts with this method and, based on a support vector machine

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37

Koeve, W., H. Wagner, P. Kähler, and A. Oschlies. "<sup>14</sup>C-age tracers in global ocean circulation models." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 7 (July 16, 2015): 2079–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2079-2015.

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Abstract. The natural abundance of 14C in total CO2 dissolved in seawater (DIC) is a property applied to evaluate the water age structure and circulation in the ocean and in ocean models. In this study we use three different representations of the global ocean circulation augmented with a suite of idealised tracers to study the potential and limitations of using natural 14C to determine water age, which is the time elapsed since a body of water has been in contact with the atmosphere. We find that, globally, bulk 14C-age is dominated by two equally important components, one associated with age

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Alibabaei, Khadijeh, Pedro D. Gaspar, and Tânia M. Lima. "Crop Yield Estimation Using Deep Learning Based on Climate Big Data and Irrigation Scheduling." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 22, 2021): 3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113004.

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Deep learning has already been successfully used in the development of decision support systems in various domains. Therefore, there is an incentive to apply it in other important domains such as agriculture. Fertilizers, electricity, chemicals, human labor, and water are the components of total energy consumption in agriculture. Yield estimates are critical for food security, crop management, irrigation scheduling, and estimating labor requirements for harvesting and storage. Therefore, estimating product yield can reduce energy consumption. Two deep learning models, Long Short-Term Memory an

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López-Moreno, J. I., S. M. Vicente-Serrano, E. Moran-Tejeda, J. Zabalza, J. Lorenzo-Lacruz, and J. M. García-Ruiz. "Impact of climate evolution and land use changes on water yield in the ebro basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-311-2011.

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Abstract. In this study the climatic and hydrological trends across 88 sub-basins of the Ebro River basin were analyzed for the period 1950–2006. A new database of climate information and river flows for the entire basin facilitated a spatially distributed assessment of climate-runoff relationships. It constitutes the first assessment of water yield evolution across the whole Ebro basin, a very representative example of large Mediterranean rivers. The results revealed a marked decrease in river discharges in most of the sub-basins. Moreover, a number of changes in the seasonality of the river

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40

López-Moreno, J. I., S. M. Vicente-Serrano, E. Moran-Tejeda, J. Zabalza, J. Lorenzo-Lacruz, and J. M. García-Ruiz. "Impact of climate evolution and land use changes on water yield in the Ebro basin." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 2 (April 29, 2010): 2651–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-2651-2010.

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Abstract. In this study the climatic and hydrological trends across 88 sub-basins of the Ebro River basin were analyzed for the period 1950–2006. A new database of climate information and river flows for the entire basin facilitated a spatially distributed assessment of climate-runoff relationships. It constitutes the first assessment of water yield evolution across the whole Ebro basin, a very representative example of large Mediterranean rivers. The results revealed a marked decrease in river discharges in most of the sub-basins. Moreover, a number of changes in the seasonality of the river

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41

Koeve, W., H. Wagner, P. Kähler, and A. Oschlies. "<sup>14</sup>C-age tracers in global ocean circulation models." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 5 (October 24, 2014): 7033–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-7033-2014.

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Abstract. The natural abundance of 14C in total CO2 dissolved in seawater is a property applied to evaluate the water age structure and circulation in the ocean and in ocean models. In this study we use three different representations of the global ocean circulation augmented with a suite of idealised tracers to study the potential and limitations of using natural 14C to determine water age, the time elapsed since a body of water had contact with the atmosphere. We find that, globally, bulk 14C-age is dominated by two equally important components, one associated with aging, i.e. the time compo

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42

Sakamoto, Shogo, Yu Nagai, Masahiro Sugiyama, Shinichiro Fujimori, Etsushi Kato, Ryoichi Komiyama, Yuhji Matsuo, Ken Oshiro, and Diego Silva Herran. "Demand-side decarbonization and electrification: EMF 35 JMIP study." Sustainability Science 16, no. 2 (March 2021): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-021-00935-w.

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AbstractJapan’s long-term strategy submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change emphasizes the importance of improving the electrification rates to reducing GHG emissions. Using the five models participating in Energy Modeling Forum 35 Japan Model Intercomparison project (JMIP), we focused on the demand-side decarbonization and analyzed the final energy composition required to achieve 80% reductions in GHGs by 2050 in Japan. The model results show that the electricity share in final energy use (electrification rate) needs to reach 37–66% in 2050 (26% in 2010) to achie

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43

Tewari, Rachna, Jeff Johnson, Steven Mauget, Gary Leiker, Katharine Hayhoe, Annette Hernandez, Darren Hudson, Chenggang Wang, Dennis Patterson, and Ken Rainwater. "Using climate scenarios to evaluate future impacts on the groundwater resources and agricultural economy of the Texas High Plains." Journal of Water and Climate Change 6, no. 3 (December 16, 2014): 561–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2014.147.

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This study evaluated the impacts of future climate scenarios on the groundwater resources and agricultural economy of the Texas High Plains, using Hale county as a case study. Climate change impacts were incorporated into regional economic models using weather projections to develop crop response functions from crop models. These projections are based on quantitative projections of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and temperature trends driven by simulations from the latest IPCC AR4 climate models (Community Climate System Model (CCSM), Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL),

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Yemenu, F., and D. Chemeda. "Climate resources analysis for use of planning in crop production and rainfall water management in the central highlands of Ethiopia, the case of Bishoftu district, Oromia region." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 3 (June 23, 2010): 3733–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-3733-2010.

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Abstract. Agricultural practices and water resources management in the central highlands of Ethiopia is highly dependant and associated with climatic resources and their pattern and hence wise use of those resources is a priority for the region. Accordingly, a study was conducted to asses and critically quantity the climate resources of the central high lands of Ethiop, Bishoftu district. Thirty three years of weather record data has been used for the work. The onset, duration and end of the growing seasons were defined and quantified based on FAO and Reddy models while the dry and wet spell d

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Ozmen, Ozgur, James Nutaro, Michael Starke, Jeffrey Munk, Larry Roberts, Xiao Kou, Piljae Im, et al. "Power Grid Simulation Testbed for Transactive Energy Management Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 4402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114402.

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To effectively engage demand-side and distributed energy resources (DERs) for dynamically maintaining the electric power balance, the challenges of controlling and coordinating building equipment and DERs on a large scale must be overcome. Although several control techniques have been proposed in the literature, a significant obstacle to applying these techniques in practice is having access to an effective testing platform. Performing tests at scale using real equipment is impractical, so simulation offers the only viable route to developmental testing at scales of practical interest. Existin

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Morales-Marín, Luis, Howard Wheater, and Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt. "Potential Changes of Annual-Averaged Nutrient Export in the South Saskatchewan River Basin under Climate and Land-Use Change Scenarios." Water 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2018): 1438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101438.

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Climate and land-use changes modify the physical functioning of river basins and, in particular, influence the transport of nutrients from land to water. In large-scale basins, where a variety of climates, topographies, soil types and land uses co-exist to form a highly heterogeneous environment, a more complex nutrient dynamic is imposed by climate and land-use changes. This is the case of the South Saskatchewan River (SSR) that, along with the North Saskatchewan River, forms one of the largest river systems in western Canada. The SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed (SPARROW) model i

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Kajewska-Szkudlarek, Joanna, and Wojciech Łyczko. "Assessment of Hellwig Method for Predictors’ Selection in Groundwater Level Time Series Forecasting." Water 13, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13060778.

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Effective groundwater planning and management should be based on the prediction of available water volume. The complex nature of groundwater systems makes this complicated and requires the use of complex methods. Data-driven models using computational intelligence are becoming increasingly popular in that field. The key issue in predictive modelling is the selection of input variables. Wrocław-Osobowice irrigation fields were a wastewater treatment plant until 2013. The monitoring of groundwater levels is being continued to assess the water relations in that area after the end of their exploit

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Brinkman, F. P., T. V. Kane, R. R. McCullough, and J. W. Miertschin. "Use of Full-Field Simulation to Design a Miscible CO2 Flood." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 2, no. 03 (June 1, 1999): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/56882-pa.

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Summary A study using full-field reservoir modeling optimized the design of a miscible CO2 flood project for the Sharon Ridge Canyon Unit. The study began with extensive data gathering in the field and building a full-field three-dimensional geologic model. A full-field simulation model with relatively coarse gridding was subsequently built and used to history match the waterflood. This waterflood model highlighted areas in the field with current high oil saturations as priority targets for CO2 flooding and generated a forecast of reserves from continued waterflooding. Predictions for the CO2

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Alajmi, Turki, and Patrick Phelan. "Modeling and Forecasting End-Use Energy Consumption for Residential Buildings in Kuwait Using a Bottom-Up Approach." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081981.

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To meet the rapid-growing demand for electricity in Kuwait, utility planners need to be informed on the energy consumption to implement energy efficiency measures to manage sustainable load growth and avoid the high costs of increasing generation capacities. The first step of forecasting the future energy profile is to establish a baseline for Kuwait (i.e., a business-as-usual reference scenario where no energy efficiency incentives were given and the adoption of energy efficient equipment is purely market-driven). This paper presents an investigation of creating a baseline end-use energy prof

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Khanal, S. P., B. Poudel, R. P. Koirala, and N. P. Adhikari. "Solvation Free Energy of Protonated Lysine: Molecular Dynamics Study." Journal of Nepal Physical Society 7, no. 2 (August 6, 2021): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnphyssoc.v7i2.38625.

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In the present work, we have used an alchemical approach for calculating solvation free energy of protonated lysine in water from molecular dynamics simulations. These approaches use a non-physical pathway between two end states in order to compute free energy difference from the set of simulations. The solute is modeled using bonded and non-bonded interactions described by OPLS-AA potential, while four different water models: TIP3P, SPC, SPC/E and TIP4P are used. The free energy of solvation of protonated lysine in water has been estimated using thermodynamic integration, free energy perturba

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