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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

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Vadzyuk, S. N., and P. S. Tabas. "ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF SKELETAL MUSCLES." Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal 71, no. 3 (2025): 120–32. https://doi.org/10.15407/fz71.03.120.

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Myokines are signaling molecules produced by skeletal muscle in response to exercise and exert a wide range of physiological effects in various organs and tissues. They play a key role in regulating metabolic processes, modulating the immune response, and maintaining homeostasis of the body. The relationship between the level of physical activity and the production of myokines determines their therapeutic potential in maintaining cardiovascular and nervous system health. Studies also show that certain types of physical activity can activate different myokines, which allows for targeted effects

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Adorni, Maria Pia, Nicoletta Ronda, Franco Bernini, and Francesca Zimetti. "High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Atherosclerosis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Aspects and Pharmacological Perspectives." Cells 10, no. 3 (2021): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030574.

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Over the years, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherosclerosis, initially highlighted by the Framingham study, has been revealed to be extremely complex, due to the multiple HDL functions involved in atheroprotection. Among them, HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to promote cell cholesterol efflux from cells, has emerged as a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to merely plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL CEC is impaired in many genetic and pathological conditions associated to high CV risk such as dyslipidemia, chr

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Avecilla, Vincent, Mayur Doke, and Quentin Felty. "Contribution of Inhibitor of DNA Binding/Differentiation-3 and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals to Pathophysiological Aspects of Chronic Disease." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6307109.

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The overwhelming increase in the global incidence of obesity and its associated complications such as insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, pulmonary disease, and degenerative disorders including dementia constitutes a serious public health problem. The Inhibitor of DNA Binding/Differentiation-3 (ID3), a member of the ID family of transcriptional regulators, has been shown to play a role in adipogenesis and therefore ID3 may influence obesity and metabolic health in response to environmental factors. This review will highlight the current understanding of how ID3 may contribute to complex chron

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Sidelkovskiy, A., and O. Gasiyk. "Gerontological aspects of healthy nutrition." INTERNATIONAL NEUROLOGICAL JOURNAL 19, no. 3 (2023): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0713.19.3.2023.1002.

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Balanced and rational nutrition is an integral part of the multifaceted concept of health and longevity. In the first half of life, the impact of irrational nutrition is usually compensated by the functional activity of all organs and systems that support the effective activity of the body, but over the years, and especially in people of the older age group, the reserve capacity of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic systems have limited ability to provide the necessary balance of homeostasis. A lot of attention has always been paid to the issues of healthy nutr

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Meier, Ursula, and Axel M. Gressner. "Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism: Review of Pathobiochemical and Clinical Chemical Aspects of Leptin, Ghrelin, Adiponectin, and Resistin." Clinical Chemistry 50, no. 9 (2004): 1511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.032482.

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Abstract Background: Recent studies point to the adipose tissue as a highly active endocrine organ secreting a range of hormones. Leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin are considered to take part in the regulation of energy metabolism. Approach: This review summarizes recent knowledge on leptin and its receptor and on ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin, and emphasizes their roles in pathobiochemistry and clinical chemistry. Content: Leptin, adiponectin, and resistin are produced by the adipose tissue. The protein leptin, a satiety hormone, regulates appetite and energy balance of the body

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Lysenko, R. B., R. M. Riabushko, H. A. Oksak, D. A. Shcherban, H. Yu Skrypnyk, and A. P. Stepanchuk. "DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 23, no. 3 (2023): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.23.3.198.

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Patients with endocrine disorders often present with concomitant cardiovascular diseases. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes exhibits various clinical characteristics and diverse consequences. One of its primary manifestations is macrovascular complications. Although atherosclerosis is the primary cause, other contributory factors come into play. Notably, individuals with diabetes experience a more severe clinical course, marked by higher amputation rates and significant differences in mortality. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the standard diagnostic tool

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Rigalli, Juan Pablo, Guillermo Nicolás Tocchetti, and Johanna Weiss. "Modulation of ABC Transporters by Nuclear Receptors: Physiological, Pathological and Pharmacological Aspects." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 7 (2019): 1079–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170920141707.

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ABC transporters are membrane proteins mediating the efflux of endo- and xenobiotics. Transporter expression is not static but instead is subject to a dynamic modulation aiming at responding to changes in the internal environment and thus at maintaining homeostatic conditions. Nuclear receptors are ligand modulated transcription factors that get activated upon changes in the intracellular concentrations of the respective agonists and bind to response elements within the promoter of ABC transporters, thus modulating their expression and, consequently, their activity. This review compiles inform

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Ryabova, E. A., and I. Y. Ragino. "Proinflammatory adipokines and cytokines in abdominal obesity as a factor in the development of atherosclerosis and renal pathology." Ateroscleroz 17, no. 4 (2022): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.52727/2078-256x-2021-17-4-101-110.

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In recent decades, there has been an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Obesity has become an underestimated pandemic and a public health threat around the world. Adipose tissue is positioned as an endocrine organ that secretes a wide range of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inducing a state of chronic subinflammation. The results of epidemiological studies over the past 30 years have also shown that visceral adipose tissue is an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, cardiometabolic diseases and chronic kidney disease. We performed a syst

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Dourado, Marclébio, Frederico Cavalcanti, Lucio Vilar, and Amaury Cantilino. "Relationship between Prolactin, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Risk." International Journal of Endocrinology 2020 (June 22, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9524839.

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CKD has a high prevalence worldwide, mainly due to its main etiologies—diabetes and hypertension. It has high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with traditional risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and left ventricular hypertrophy being common. Nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as anemia, hyperparathyroidism, chronic inflammation, and microalbuminuria, are also well studied. Prolactin is a hormone not only related to lactation but also being considered a uremic toxin by some authors. It accumulates with loss of renal function, and it is as

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Ali, Aus Tariq, Faisal Al-Ani, and Osamah Al-Ani. "Childhood obesity: causes, consequences, and prevention." Česká a slovenská farmacie 71, no. 5 (2022): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/csf2023-1-21.

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As a result of the dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, childhood obesity is one of the most critical global public health challenges of the 21st century. Weight gain occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Both genetic and environmental factors (such as a sedentary lifestyle) are implicated in its pathogenesis. Childhood obesity is associated with physical, psychological, and social consequences. Obese children are at higher risk of elevated fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, hypertensi

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

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Ramshaw, Anna Louise. "Immunological aspects of human atherosclerosis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305549.

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Ritchie, Catherine Marian. "Aspects of hypertension in endocrine disease." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357488.

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Neuger, Lucyna. "Aspects on lipoprotein lipase and atherosclerosis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-564.

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Delgado, Verdugo Alberto. "Genetic Aspects of Endocrine Tumorigenesis : A Hunt for the Endocrine Neoplasia Gene." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Endokrinkirurgi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224111.

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Endocrine tumors arise from endocrine glands. Most endocrine tumors are benign but malignant variants exist. Several endocrine neoplasms display loss of parts of chromosome 11 or 18, produce hormones and responds poorly to conventional chemotherapeutics. The multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes are mainly confined to endocrine tumors. This opens the question if there exists a single or several endocrine tumor genes. The aim of the study was to describe genetic derangements in endocrine tumors. Paper I: Investigation of mutational status of SDHAF2 in parathyroid tumors. SDHAF2 is located in t

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Merani, Salima A. "Development of a specific and sensitive assay for cholecystokinin, and applications thereof." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37619.

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Cholecystokinin, or "CCK" peptides, originally identified in the gastrointestinal tract, are now considered to be one of the most abundant peptide systems in the mammalian central nervous system. Prompted by recent findings that implicated the cholecystokinergic system in the pathophysiology of various illnesses, we developed a novel assay system to measure the various forms of cholecystokinin peptides in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The system detects CCK-4, sulfated CCK-8 (CCK-8s) and nonsulfated CCK-8 (CCK-8ns) with equal affinity, with the lower detection limit of 2.7 fmol and an

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Henderson, Keith Meade. "Aspects of the endocrine control of ovarian function." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14052.

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This thesis consists of papers, published by the candidate between 1975 and 1991, describing the results of investigations into the endocrine control of ovarian function. The papers are presented in chronological order in each of five sections. Each section deals with a different apsect of the research undertaken by the candidate during the sixteen year period. Section 2 is concerned with investigations of follicle development and follicle steroidogenesis. Papers concerned with inhibin are presented in section 3. The papers in section 4 describe studies to investigate the mechanism(s) responsi

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Heaney, Anthony Patrick. "Aspects of pituitary and adrenal disease." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295358.

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Meloni, T. "SOME PERINATAL ENDOCRINE AND MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CANINE SPECIES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/265723.

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Despite the huge literature about dog medicine, the perinatal period of growth and development and possible perturbations of the health of fetuses and newborns are still scarcely investigated, but with a recent, increasing scientific interest. The present thesis was therefore aimed to investigate some perinatal aspects of canine perinatology. Firstly, the study focused on the presence of some growth and metabolic factors and protective substances in dog fetal fluids at term of normal pregnancy. About growth and metabolic factors, the first study showed that insulin-like growth factors I (IGF-I

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Behera, Malabika. "Long term endocrine sequelae of childhood cancer survivors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206611.

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Background: Newer multimodality therapeutic interventions have resulted in dramatic survival rates in childhood cancers. However diverse treatment related morbidities affect the long term survivors. An Endocrine complication comprises 20-40% of these morbidities and affects the hypothalamic pituitary axis, growth, pubertal progression, fertility, bone health and glucose homeostasis. Objectives: The aim of our study was to enumerate and evaluate the frequency of endocrine complications arising as a late effect of treatment in childhood cancer survivors. Risk factors likely to be associat

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Fjällskog, Marie-Louise. "Current Medical Treatment of Endocrine Pancreatic Tumors and Future Aspects." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-2709.

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<p>We treated 16 patients with somatostatin analogs combined with α-interferon and achieved a biochemical and/or radiological response in 56% (median duration 22 months). We consider this treatment a good alternative for patients who fail during chemotherapy or who do not want to/cannot receive cytotoxic drugs.</p><p>Thirty-six patients with neuroendocrine tumors were treated with cisplatin combined with etoposide. Of 14 patients with evaluable EPTs, 50% responded radiologically and/or biochemically (median duration 9 months). We consider this treatment useful as first-line medical treatment i

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Books on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

1

Károly, Lapis, Eckhardt S, and International Union against Cancer, eds. Endocrine aspects of malignancies. Akadémiai Kiadó, 1987.

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1942-, Geelhoed Glenn W., and Chernow Bart, eds. Endocrine aspects of acute illness. Churchill Livingstone, 1985.

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Gosney, John R. Pulmonary endocrine pathology: Endocrine cells and endocrine tumors of the lung. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1992.

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G, Assmann, ed. HDL deficiency and atherosclerosis. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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C, Gilchrist James S., Tappia Paramjit S, and Netticadan Thomas, eds. Biochemistry of diabetes and atherosclerosis. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Steenbock Symposium (20th 1990 University of Wisconsin--Madison). Molecular biology of atherosclerosis: Proceedings of the Twentieth Steenbock Symposium, held June 3 through June 5, 1990 at the University of Wisconsin--Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Elsevier, 1990.

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G, Biglieri Edward, and Melby James C, eds. Endocrine hypertension. Raven Press, 1990.

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Boris, Draznin, and Eckel Robert H, eds. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: Molecular basis and clinical aspects. Elsevier, 1993.

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R, Thompson Lester D., ed. Endocrine pathology. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, 2006.

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George, Kahaly, ed. Endocrine ophthalmopathy: Molecular, immunological and clinical aspects. Karger, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

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Kocher, O., I. Hüttner, and G. Gabbiani. "Atherosclerosis: Cellular Aspects." In Diseases of the Arterial Wall. Springer London, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1464-2_11.

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Freudenberger, Till, and Jens W. Fischer. "Endocrinological Aspects of Atherosclerosis." In Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0338-8_28.

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Zanetti, M., and U. Montaguti. "Social aspects of atherosclerosis." In Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3205-0_2.

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Vujović, Svetlana, M. Ivović, M. Tančić Gajić, et al. "Transsexualism: Endocrine Aspects." In ISGE Series. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09662-9_6.

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Lloyd, Ricardo V. "Endocrine Pathology." In Pathology: Historical and Contemporary Aspects. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39554-3_13.

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Crepaldi, G., E. Manzato, G. Baggio, et al. "Clinical aspects of lipoprotein disorders." In Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3205-0_12.

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Nieto, F. Javier. "Historical Reflections on the Inflammatory Aspects of Atherosclerosis." In Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0338-8_1.

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Ramacci, M. T., F. R. Patacchioli, O. Ghirardi, L. Ferraris, and L. Angelucci. "Experimental pharmacological aspects in brain aging." In Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3205-0_63.

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Ricci, G., F. Angelico, M. Del Ben, and G. C. Urbinati. "Nutritional aspects in the C.N.R. ‘DI.S.CO.’ Project." In Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0731-7_21.

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Virmani, Renu, Frank D. Kolodgie, Allen P. Burke, and Andrew Farb. "Inflammation in coronary atherosclerosis - pathological aspects." In Inflammatory and Infectious Basis of Atherosclerosis. Birkhäuser Basel, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8239-2_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

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Yaglova, N. V., S. S. Obernikhin, and V. V. Yaglov. "DEUTERIUM: REGULATOR OR DISRUPTOR OF THYROID FUNCTION?" In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. LLC Institute Information Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-3-8.35-39.

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The article discusses novel data on impact of altered deuterium body content on endocrine function. The paper represents the results of investigation of thyroid hormones and pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone production during gradual increase of deuterium body content. The research revealed sensitivity of the endocrine glands to changes in deuterium content. The revealed findings are considered from the point of view of the regulatory and dysregula-tory aspects of action of the hydrogen isotope on hormone genesis.

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Long, David S., Hui Zhu, and Morton H. Friedman. "Quantifying the Motion of Murine Epicardial Coronary Arteries." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192065.

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Coronary artery atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in western societies. Atherosclerosis is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease identified by intimal thickening, the focal accumulation of lipids, fibrous elements, and cellular elements within the walls of large arteries. These lesions preferentially develop at arterial branches, the outer walls of bifurcations, and the inner walls of curved sections; the cause of this focal vasculopathy is not fully understood. It is, however, understood from epidemiological and clinical studies that individual susceptibility to

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Lei, Ming, Clement Kleinstreuer, George A. Truskey, and Joseph P. Archie. "The Zero-Tension Hypothesis for the Mechanism of Atherogenesis and the Wall Shear Stress Gradient (WSSG) Predictor Equation." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1189.

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Abstract Non-uniform hemodynamic factors are believed to play important roles in the onset and development of atherosclerotic lesions in branching blood vessels and intimal hyperplasia at graft-artery bypass junctions. At present, a variety of theories regarding the hemodynamic aspects of atherogenesis have been proposed, which include almost all hemodynamic factors, such as high and low shear stresses, oscillatory shear index (OSI), temporal and spatial variations of wall shear stresses, flow separation, long particle residence time, and secondary flow, etc.[1–4] However, the underlying mecha

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Aursnes, I., P. Smith, and H. Arnesen. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ANTITHROMBIN-III, SELENIUM AND LIPOPROTEIN COMPONENTS IN CORONARY DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643030.

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The known risk factors for coronary disease can only “explain” a proportion of the incidence of the disease. Looking for supplementary risk factors we thus selected for detailed study both a group of patients with normal levels of risk factors (normo-tensives, non-smokers with normal serum cholesterol) and a group with high conventional risk factors, comparing both groups with an age and sex matched control group. Subgroups were formed by individuals aged below (young) and above (old) 60 years.Total- and HDL-cholesterol, apo-lipoproteins A-I and B and triglycerides showed co-variation with eac

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De Luca, Amalia, Christina M. Warboys, Narges Amini, et al. "Image-Based Computational Hemodynamics and Microarray Analysis of the Porcine Aortic Arch Reveals a Correlation Between Shear Stress and Endothelial Cell Apoptosis." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80948.

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Atherosclerosis is a focal disease that occurs predominantly at regions of the arterial tree that are exposed to disturbed blood flow, which generates low, oscillatory wall shear stress (WSS) at the lumen. WSS controls the spatial distribution of lesions by influencing numerous aspects of endothelial cell (EC) physiology, including inflammatory activation and viability. Of particular note, ECs in low shear, lesion-prone regions are characterized by increased apoptosis and turnover rates1 thus providing a potential explanation for the distinct spatial localization of lesion formation. Although

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Rastgar Agah, Mobin, Kaveh Laksari, Kurosh Darvish, and Alexander Rachev. "Buckling of Porcine Aorta Under Static and Dynamic Loading." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80931.

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Tortuosity and buckling of blood vessels are defined as the deviation from original configuration and has been observed throughout the vascular system. The blood flow in the regions down-stream of tortuous section decreases, which may cause a deficiency in blood supply to the organs and ischemia. Although tortuosity of blood vessels has been associated with aging, atherosclerosis, hypertension, genetic and other cardiovascular disease, the mechanism behind its initiation and development is not yet understood. In a series of theoretical and experimental studies, biomechanical aspects of bucklin

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VLAS, Irina. "The study of stress at young people." In Ştiință și educație: noi abordări și perspective. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/c.v1.24-25-03-2023.p43-46.

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Stress and stressful events are part of our life. Until recently, it was considered that stress is not characteristic for young people, they have a normal life without special pressures. Nowadays, the conditions of modern life, the speed with which events are happening, consumer society, problems at work, in love relationship, failures and unsuccess determine the manifestation of stress among young people. We are witnessing an increase number of young people experiencing an intense level of stress. Stress is the response to certain external and / or internal factors that may have a physical, b

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Araújo, Maria Tereza Corrêa de, Amanda Virgínia Oliveira Leite, Ana Clara Sousa Leal, Daniel Jonatan de Aguiar Almeida, Iris Maria de Miranda Correia, and David Plácido Lopes. "AGenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA agenesis): an integrative review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.308.

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Introduction: The ICA agenesis is a rare anomaly, an incidental finding whose incidence is lower than 0,01%. It is predominantly asymptomatic, because of the development of a collateral circulation, though it can present nonspecific symptoms, that result from insufficient blood flow, due to the development of atherosclerosis in vessels that previously supported the blood flow in the absence of the ICA, and by the association with brain aneurysm. Objectives: Conduct an integrative review about the ICA agenesis, describing the aspects and importance of vascular changes. Methods: It is an integra

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Reports on the topic "Endocrine aspects of Atherosclerosis"

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Cnaani, Avner, Gordon Grau, Darren Lerner, and Sheenan Harpaz. Gastrointestinal osmoregulatory activity in Tilapia and its effects on growth, an opportunity for fish diet developments. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594393.bard.

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Fish living in freshwater and seawater environments experience constant osmotic pressure between their internal body and the surrounding water. Regulation of ion and water balance under these conditions is highly energetic demanding, and eventually, affects the fish growth. While the role of the gills in osmoregulation was extensively studied, the osmoregulatory activity of the gastrointestinal tract is less known. In this study we characterized the tilapia intestine as a multifunctional organ, having a role in both nutrition and in ion regulation. We studied the pituitary endocrine regulation

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