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Journal articles on the topic 'Endocrine aspects of Human behavior'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Farrace, S., P. Cenni, G. Tuozzi, M. Casagrande, B. Barbarito, and A. Peri. "Endocrine and Psychophysiological Aspects of Human Adaptation to the Extreme." Physiology & Behavior 66, no. 4 (June 1999): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00341-2.

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2

Tomatis, Veronica, Christian Battipaglia, and Alessandro D. Genazzani. "Thyroid, Adrenal, PRL Impairments and Ovarian Function." Endocrines 2, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 212–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2030021.

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Endocrine axes (prolactin, thyroid and adrenal axes) directly and indirectly modulate and drive human female central functions, mainly behavior and reproduction. Though having distinct abilities, they greatly act both at peripheral as well as at neuroendocrine levels, so as to participate in the control of reproduction. Any event that changes these balanced activities produces specific peripheral signals that induce abnormal functions centrally, thus triggering menstrual disorders such as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. It is clear that the knowledge of the relationships that exist between the different endocrine axes becomes essential for the choice of therapeutical approach. This review aims to focus on the main aspects of the physiopathology of the endocrine diseases that might be at the basis of that interference with female reproductive capacity.

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3

Grotzinger, Andrew D., Frank D. Mann, Megan W. Patterson, Jennifer L. Tackett, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, and K. Paige Harden. "Hair and Salivary Testosterone, Hair Cortisol, and Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents." Psychological Science 29, no. 5 (February 14, 2018): 688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617742981.

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Although testosterone is associated with aggression in the popular imagination, previous research on the links between testosterone and human aggression has been inconsistent. This inconsistency might be because testosterone’s effects on aggression depend on other moderators. In a large adolescent sample ( N = 984, of whom 460 provided hair samples), we examined associations between aggression and salivary testosterone, hair testosterone, and hair cortisol. Callous-unemotional traits, parental monitoring, and peer environment were examined as potential moderators of hormone-behavior associations. Salivary testosterone was not associated with aggression. Hair testosterone significantly predicted increased aggression, particularly at low levels of hair cortisol (i.e., Testosterone × Cortisol interaction). This study is the first to examine the relationship between hair hormones and externalizing behaviors and adds to the growing literature that indicates that androgenic effects on human behavior are contingent on aspects of the broader endocrine environment—in particular, levels of cortisol.

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Crawford, Jeremy Chase, and Christine M. Drea. "Baby on board: olfactory cues indicate pregnancy and fetal sex in a non-human primate." Biology Letters 11, no. 2 (February 2015): 20140831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0831.

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Olfactory cues play an integral, albeit underappreciated, role in mediating vertebrate social and reproductive behaviour. These cues fluctuate with the signaller's hormonal condition, coincident with and informative about relevant aspects of its reproductive state, such as pubertal onset, change in season and, in females, timing of ovulation. Although pregnancy dramatically alters a female's endocrine profiles, which can be further influenced by fetal sex, the relationship between gestation and olfactory cues is poorly understood. We therefore examined the effects of pregnancy and fetal sex on volatile genital secretions in the ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta ), a strepsirrhine primate possessing complex olfactory mechanisms of reproductive signalling. While pregnant, dams altered and dampened their expression of volatile chemicals, with compound richness being particularly reduced in dams bearing sons. These changes were comparable in magnitude with other, published chemical differences among lemurs that are salient to conspecifics. Such olfactory ‘signatures’ of pregnancy may help guide social interactions, potentially promoting mother–infant recognition, reducing intragroup conflict or counteracting behavioural mechanisms of paternity confusion; cues that also advertise fetal sex may additionally facilitate differential sex allocation.

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Chayawan, Chayawan, Cosimo Toma, Emilio Benfenati, and Ana Y. Caballero Alfonso. "Towards an Understanding of the Mode of Action of Human Aromatase Activity for Azoles through Quantum Chemical Descriptors-Based Regression and Structure Activity Relationship Modeling Analysis." Molecules 25, no. 3 (February 8, 2020): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030739.

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Aromatase is an enzyme member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily coded by the CYP19A1 gene. Its main action is the conversion of androgens into estrogens, transforming androstenedione into estrone and testosterone into estradiol. This enzyme is present in several tissues and it has a key role in the maintenance of the balance of androgens and estrogens, and therefore in the regulation of the endocrine system. With regard to chemical safety and human health, azoles, which are used as agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, are potential endocrine disruptors due to their agonist or antagonist interactions with the human aromatase enzyme. This theoretical study investigated the active agonist and antagonist properties of “chemical classes of azoles” to determine the relationships of azole interaction with CYP19A1, using stereochemical and electronic properties of the molecules through classification and multilinear regression (MLR) modeling. The antagonist activities for the same substituent on diazoles and triazoles vary with its chemical composition and its position and both heterocyclic systems require aromatic substituents. The triazoles require the spherical shape and diazoles have to be in proper proportion of the branching index and the number of ring systems for the inhibition. Considering the electronic aspects, triazole antagonist activity depends on the electrophilicity index that originates from interelectronic exchange interaction (ωHF) and the LUMO energy ( E LUMO PM 7 ), and the diazole antagonist activity originates from the penultimate orbital ( E HOMONL PM 7 ) of diazoles. The regression models for agonist activity show that it is opposed by the static charges but favored by the delocalized charges on the diazoles and thiazoles. This study proposes that the electron penetration of azoles toward heme group decides the binding behavior and stereochemistry requirement for antagonist activity against CYP19A1 enzyme.

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6

Damasceno, D. C., A. O. Netto, I. L. Iessi, F. Q. Gallego, S. B. Corvino, B. Dallaqua, Y. K. Sinzato, A. Bueno, I. M. P. Calderon, and M. V. C. Rudge. "Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Models: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Fetal Outcomes." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/819065.

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Glucose homeostasis is controlled by endocrine pancreatic cells, and any pancreatic disturbance can result in diabetes. Because 8% to 12% of diabetic pregnant women present with malformed fetuses, there is great interest in understanding the etiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment of gestational diabetes. Hyperglycemia enhances the production of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress, which is involved in diabetic teratogenesis. It has also been suggested that maternal diabetes alters embryonic gene expression, which might cause malformations. Due to ethical issues involving human studies that sometimes have invasive aspects and the multiplicity of uncontrolled variables that can alter the uterine environment during clinical studies, it is necessary to use animal models to better understand diabetic pathophysiology. This review aimed to gather information about pathophysiological mechanisms and fetal outcomes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. To understand the pathophysiological mechanisms and factors involved in diabetes, the use of pancreatic regeneration studies is increasing in an attempt to understand the behavior of pancreatic beta cells. In addition, these studies suggest a new preventive concept as a treatment basis for diabetes, introducing therapeutic efforts to minimize or prevent diabetes-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and teratogenesis.

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7

BRAR, ANOOP K., STUART HANDWERGER, CHERIE A. KESSLER, and BRUCE J. ARONOW. "Gene induction and categorical reprogramming during in vitro human endometrial fibroblast decidualization." Physiological Genomics 7, no. 2 (December 21, 2001): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2001.

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Gene induction and categorical reprogramming during in vitro human endometrial fibroblast decidualization. Physiol Genomics 7: 135–148, 2001. First published September 21, 2001; 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2001.—Human decidual fibroblasts undergo a differentiative commitment to the acquisition of endocrine, metabolic, and structural cell functions in a process known as decidualization. Decidualization is critical for embryo implantation and placental function. We characterized gene expression pattern kinetics during decidual fibroblast differentiation by microarray analysis. Of 6,918 genes analyzed, 121 genes were induced by more than twofold, 110 were downregulated, and 50 showed biphasic behavior. Dynamically regulated genes were could be fit into nine K-means algorithm-based kinetic pattern groups, and by biologic classification, into five categories: cell and tissue function, cell and tissue structure, regulation of gene expression, expressed sequence tag (EST), and “function unknown.” Reprogramming of genes within specific functional groups and gene families was a prominent feature that consisted of simultaneous induction and downregulation of a set of genes with related function. We previously observed a conceptually similar process during fetal trophoblast differentiation, in which the same phenomena applied to different genes. Of the 569 dynamically regulated genes regulated by either model, only 81 of these were in common. These results suggest that reprogramming of gene expression within focused functional categories represents a fundamental aspect of cellular differentiation.

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8

Penchev Georgiev, Iv. "Neurophysiological control of sleep with special emphasis on melatonin." Trakia Journal of Sciences 18, no. 4 (2020): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2020.04.011.

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Sleep and wakefulness are two main types of human and animal behavior. On the average human beings spend about one-third of their lives asleep. The sleep-wake cycle is the most important circadian rhythms which alternates in a periodic manner lasting for about 24 hours. Sleep is determined as the natural periodic suspension of consciousness characterized by relative immobility and reduced responsiveness to external stimuli. The researchers have found and identified many special brain structures and systems controlling waking, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye (NREM) sleep and the transitions among these states. Currently, there is an enhanced interest of researchers toward sleep and its neurophysiological mechanisms of regulation because the number of people suffering from various sleep disturbance such as insomnia, delayed sleep onset, duration and propensity of sleep, worldwide dramatically increases. In addition to the next day drowsiness, nervousness, tiredness and decreased workability, it has been suggested that sleep is important also for the maintaining of mood, memory and cognitive function of the brain and is essential for the normal functioning of the endocrine and immune systems. More recently, new studies show a sustained link between sleep disorders and different serious health problems, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardio-vascular diseases and depression. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize and analyze the available data about the neurological control of wakefulness, non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and rapid- eye-movement (REM) sleep creating a substantial basis for better understanding different sleep disorders. Special attention is paid on the pharmacological aspects and use of some new classes of sleep promoting agents – melatonin, melatonin receptor agonists and orexin receptor antagonists.

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9

Csaba, G. "Bone Manifestation of Faulty Perinatal Hormonal Imprinting: A Review." Current Pediatric Reviews 15, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573396315666181126110110.

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Hormonal imprinting takes place at the first encounter between the developing receptor and its target hormone and the encounter determines the receptor's binding capacity for life. In the critical period of development, when the window for imprinting is open, the receptor can be misdirected by related hormones, synthetic hormones, and industrial or communal endocrine disruptors which cause faulty hormonal imprinting with life-long consequences. Considering these facts, the hormonal imprinting is a functional teratogen provoking alterations in the perinatal (early postnatal) period. One single encounter with a low dose of the imprinter in the critical developmental period is enough for the formation of faulty imprinting, which is manifested later, in adult age. This has been justified in the immune system, in sexuality, in animal behavior and brain neurotransmitters etc. by animal experiments and human observations. This review points to the faulty hormonal imprinting in the case of bones (skeleton), by single or repeated treatments. The imprinting is an epigenetic alteration which is inherited to the progeny generations. From clinical aspect, the faulty imprinting can have a role in the pathological development of the bones as well, as in the risk of osteoporotic fractures, etc.

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10

Quinn, Michael A. "Endocrine aspects of human uterine sarcoma." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 159, no. 4 (October 1988): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(88)80195-9.

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11

Lincho, João, João Gomes, and Rui C. Martins. "Paraben Compounds—Part II: An Overview of Advanced Oxidation Processes for Their Degradation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 3556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083556.

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Water scarcity represents a problem for billions of people and is expected to get worse in the future. To guarantee people’s water needs, the use of “first-hand water” or the reuse of wastewater must be done. Wastewater treatment and reuse are favorable for this purpose, since first-hand water is scarce and the economic needs for the exploration of this type of water are increasing. In wastewater treatment, it is important to remove contaminants of emerging concern, as well as pathogenic agents. Parabens are used in daily products as preservatives and are detected in different water sources. These compounds are related to different human health problems due to their endocrine-disrupting behavior, as well as several problems in animals. Thus, their removal from water streams is essential to achieve safe reusable water. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are considered very promising technologies for wastewater treatment and can be used as alternatives or as complements of the conventional wastewater treatments that are inefficient in the removal of such contaminants. Different AOP technologies such as ozonation, catalytic ozonation, photocatalytic ozonation, Fenton’s, and photocatalysis, among others, have already been used for parabens abatement. This manuscript critically overviews several AOP technologies used in parabens abatement. These treatments were evaluated in terms of ecotoxicological assessment since the resulting by-products of parabens abatement can be more toxic than the parent compounds. The economic aspect was also analyzed to evaluate and compare the considered technologies.

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12

Tseng, Linda, John K. Tseng, William J. Mann, John C. Chumas, Martin L. Stone, James Mazella, Boling Sun, Thomas G. Amalfitano, and Robert C. Wallach. "Endocrine aspects of human uterine sarcoma: A preliminary study." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 155, no. 1 (July 1986): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90086-4.

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13

Bulgakova, S., and N. Romanchuk. "Sleep and Aging: Endocrine and Epigenetic Aspects." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 65–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/57/08.

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Along with many physiological changes during normal aging, sleep also changes. Age-related changes in sleep include: a decrease in the duration of night sleep, an increase in the frequency of falling asleep during the day, an increase in the number of night awakenings and time spent without sleep during the night, a decrease in the phase of slow sleep, etc. Most of these changes occur between the young and the middle and remain unchanged in the elderly. In addition, the circadian system and homeostatic sleep mechanisms become less stable with aging. The level and nature of the secretion of hormones acting on sleep change during normal aging, which affects the processes of sleep and wakefulness. Sleep indicators are interrelated and/or dependent on lifestyle, polymorbidity (somatic, psychological), polypharmacy, epigenetic (social, economic, environmental, etc.) factors. Increased average human life expectancy and neuroendocrine changes in physiological and pathological aging, on the one hand, epigenetic factors and electromagnetic information load/overload, on the other hand, made a significant contribution to the circadian nature of human brain neural network interaction with artificial intelligence.

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14

Ridlon, Jason M., and Jasmohan S. Bajaj. "The human gut sterolbiome: bile acid-microbiome endocrine aspects and therapeutics." Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 5, no. 2 (March 2015): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2015.01.006.

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15

Street, Maria Elisabeth, and Sergio Bernasconi. "Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (February 20, 2020): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041430.

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Fetal growth is regulated by a complex interaction of maternal, placental, and fetal factors. The effects and outcomes that chemicals, widely distributed in the environment, may have on the health status of both the mother and the fetus are not yet well defined. Mainly mixtures of chemical substances are found in the mothers and placenta. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can be associated with fetal growth retardation, thyroid dysfunction, and neurological disorders. EDCs mostly interfere with insulin, glucocorticoid, estrogenic, and thyroid pathways, with subsequent effects on normal endocrine and metabolic functions, which cause changes in the epigenome and state of inflammation with life-long effects and consequences. International scientific societies recommend the implementation of research and of all possible preventive measures. This review briefly summarizes all these aspects.

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16

Muscettola, Michela, Letizia Girolami, Carolina Tanganelli, Giuliano Fontani, and Concetta Lupo. "Immune and Endocrine Aspects of Social and Territorial Behavior in Male Rabbits." Neuroimmunomodulation 2, no. 3 (1995): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000096886.

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17

Schinner, Sven, Holger S. Willenberg, Matthias Schott, and Werner A. Scherbaum. "Pathophysiological aspects of Wnt-signaling in endocrine disease." European Journal of Endocrinology 160, no. 5 (May 2009): 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-08-0831.

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Wnt-signaling has recently been identified as a regulator of a number of endocrine functions in health and disease in addition to its original attribution to developmental biology. Wnts are extracellular ligands on frizzled receptors and on lipoprotein receptor-related protein co-receptors. Ligand binding leads eventually to the activation of intracellular signaling cascades; based on the involvement of the transcriptional co-activator β-catenin it can be distinguished between canonical (i.e. β-catenin) and non-canonical Wnt-signaling. Recent studies revealed that canonical Wnt-signaling regulates the function of endocrine organs and contributes to a number of endocrine disorders. In this review, we would like to focus on a) recent mechanistic data on Wnts in pancreatic β-cell function; b) human genetic studies on Wnt signaling in type 2 diabetes mellitus; c) crosstalk between adipocytes and endocrine cells through Wnt-signaling molecules (with a focus on the role of Wnt-signaling in adrenocortical cells).

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18

Breuer, Michael, Bruno Hoste, and Arnold De Loof. "The endocrine control of phase transition: some new aspects." Physiological Entomology 28, no. 1 (March 2003): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3032.2003.00313.x.

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19

Ottaway, C. A., I. W. Fong, B. da Silva, W. Singer, and L. Karrass. "Integrative aspects of a human model of endotoxemia." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 76, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y98-041.

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The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a key step in the response to sepsis and has powerful local and systemic effects on the host. These systemic responses include a complex cascade of centrally mediated endocrine and neural responses. An integrative model of these regulatory cytokine-neuroendocrine interactions in humans is presented. The rapid kinetics of these responses are illustrated by data showing the response of normal human subjects to experimental endotoxemia. Appreciation of the integrative biology of the in vivo response to experimental endotoxemia can provide a framework for the design of experiments aimed at examining the effects of physical training paradigms on particular cytokine and neuroendocrine pathways.Key words: tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha soluble receptors, hypothalamic-pituitary axis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), integrative biology of human response to LPS, cytokine-neuroendocrine interactions.

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20

Heinrichs, Markus, Bernadette von Dawans, and Gregor Domes. "Oxytocin, vasopressin, and human social behavior." Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 30, no. 4 (October 2009): 548–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.05.005.

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21

Dekant, Wolfgang, and Thomas Colnot. "Endocrine effects of chemicals: Aspects of hazard identification and human health risk assessment." Toxicology Letters 223, no. 3 (December 2013): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.022.

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22

Racey, P. A., and J. D. Skinner. "Endocrine aspects of sexual mimicry in Spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta." Journal of Zoology 187, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1979.tb03372.x.

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23

Busuioc, Cristina. "Immunohistochemical Aspects of the Human Foetal Thyroid." Acta Endocrinologica (Bucharest) 2, no. 2 (2006): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4183/aeb.2006.139.

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24

Rosenblatt, J. "Psychoneuroendocrine aspects of maternal behavior." Psychoneuroendocrinology 13, no. 1-2 (1988): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(88)90003-0.

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25

Bolt, Hermann M. "Special aspects of endocrine modulators in human and environmental risk assessment of existing chemicals." Toxicology Letters 95 (July 1998): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(98)80059-3.

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26

Cramer, Matthew N., and Ollie Jay. "Biophysical aspects of human thermoregulation during heat stress." Autonomic Neuroscience 196 (April 2016): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2016.03.001.

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27

Thijssen, Jos H. H. "Relations of androgens and selected aspects of human behavior." Maturitas 41 (April 2002): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(02)00014-2.

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28

Lakhan, Ram, Ranabir Pal, Arushi Baluja, Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar, and Amit Agrawal. "Important Aspects of Human Behavior in Road Traffic Accidents." Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 17, no. 02 (September 2, 2020): 085–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713079.

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AbstractWorldwide road traffic accidents have been increasing. Human behaviors and environmental factors are often responsible for such events. This being a serious public health concern, public health interventions are needed to minimize the rate of road traffic accidents. We aimed to identify broader human behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and environmental factors associated with the risk of road traffic accidents. We searched for the relevant studies in electronic database including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and World Health Organization global health library. In addition, a manual search was also performed. Findings from scientific literature were presented in a summative form. Young age, male gender, speed, influence of substance, use of mobile phone, driving experience, temperament, attitude, aggression, stress, anxiety, emotionality, fatigue, lack of sleep, and road conditions were found closely associated with a risk of road traffic accidents. Despite having substantial driving training and ability to handling motor vehicles, professional drivers such as bus and taxi drivers are very vulnerable to road traffic accidents. This study reports that the increasing prevalence of road traffic accidents can be addressed significantly by applying behavior change theories. The health belief model was found useful in promoting safer driving.

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29

Greenberg, Neil. "Central and Endocrine Aspects of Tongue-Flicking and Exploratory Behavior in Anolis carolinensis." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 41, no. 3-5 (1993): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000113865.

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Fliers, Eric. "The Human Hypothalamus: Basic and Clinical Aspects." Journal of Neuroendocrinology 16, no. 12 (December 2004): 1009–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2005.01255.x.

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Nesan, Dinushan, and Deborah M. Kurrasch. "Gestational Exposure to Common Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Impact on Neurodevelopment and Behavior." Annual Review of Physiology 82, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034555.

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common in our environment and act on hormone systems and signaling pathways to alter physiological homeostasis. Gestational exposure can disrupt developmental programs, permanently altering tissues with impacts lasting into adulthood. The brain is a critical target for developmental endocrine disruption, resulting in altered neuroendocrine control of hormonal signaling, altered neurotransmitter control of nervous system function, and fundamental changes in behaviors such as learning, memory, and social interactions. Human cohort studies reveal correlations between maternal/fetal exposure to endocrine disruptors and incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarize the major literature findings of endocrine disruption of neurodevelopment and concomitant changes in behavior by four major endocrine disruptor classes:bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. We specifically review studies of gestational and/or lactational exposure to understand the effects of early life exposure to these compounds and summarize animal studies that help explain human correlative data.

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Encarnação, Telma, Alberto ACC Pais, Maria G. Campos, and Hugh D. Burrows. "Endocrine disrupting chemicals: Impact on human health, wildlife and the environment." Science Progress 102, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 3–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850419826802.

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals are a group of pollutants that can affect the endocrine system and lead to diseases and dysfunctions across the lifespan of organisms. They are omnipresent. They are in the air we breathe, in the food we eat and in the water we drink. They can be found in our everyday lives through personal care products, household cleaning products, furniture and in children’s toys. Every year, hundreds of new chemicals are produced and released onto the market without being tested, and they reach our bodies through everyday products. Permanent exposure to those chemicals may intensify or even become the main cause for the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer. In recent years, legislation and regulations have been implemented, which aim to control the release of potentially adverse endocrine disrupting chemicals, often invoking the precautionary principle. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of research on environmental aspects of endocrine disrupting chemicals and their effects on human health, based on evidence from animal and human studies. Emphasis is given to three ubiquitous and persistent groups of chemicals, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organochlorine pesticides, and on two non-persistent, but ubiquitous, bisphenol A and phthalates. Some selected historical cases are also presented and successful cases of regulation and legislation described. These led to a decrease in exposure and consequent minimization of the effects of these compounds. Recommendations from experts on this field, World Health Organization, scientific reports and from the Endocrine Society are included.

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Wong, M., M. S. Ramayya, G. P. Chrousos, P. H. Driggers, and K. L. Parker. "Cloning and sequence analysis of the human gene encoding steroidogenic factor 1." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 17, no. 2 (October 1996): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0170139.

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ABSTRACT The orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) plays key roles in endocrine development and function. Initially identified as a positive regulator of the cytochrome P450 steroid hydroxylases, analyses of knockout mice deficient in SF-1 revealed that SF-1 is essential for adrenal and gonadal development, pituitary gonadotropin expression and formation of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Although more limited in scope, analyses of SF-1 in humans similarly have suggested that SF-1 is important for differentiated function in adrenocortical and gonadotrope adenomas. In the hope of extending our understanding of SF-1 function by identifying possible roles of SF-1 in clinical endocrine disorders, we isolated the FTZ-F1 gene encoding human SF-1 and mapped it to chromosome 9q33. In this report, we characterize the sequence and structural organization of the human cDNA and gene encoding SF-1, providing new insights into comparative aspects of SF-1 structure that will facilitate efforts to study the role of this transcription factor in human endocrine disorders.

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Herrera Pérez, Carlos, María Guadalupe Sánchez-Escribano, and Ricardo Sanz. "The morphofunctional approach to emotion modelling in robotics." Adaptive Behavior 20, no. 5 (July 16, 2012): 388–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712312451604.

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In this conceptual paper, we discuss two areas of research in robotics, robotic models of emotion and morphofunctional machines, and we explore the scope for potential cross-fertilization between them. We shift the focus in robot models of emotion from information-theoretic aspects of appraisal to the interactive significance of bodily dispositions. Typical emotional phenomena such as arousal and action readiness can be interpreted as morphofunctional processes, and their functionality may be replicated in robotic systems with morphologies that can be modulated for real-time adaptation. We investigate the control requirements for such systems, and present a possible bio-inspired architecture, based on the division of control between neural and endocrine systems in humans and animals. We suggest that emotional episodes can be understood as emergent from the coordination of action control and action-readiness, respectively. This stress on morphology complements existing research on the information-theoretic aspects of emotion.

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Chetrite, Gérard S., and Bruno Fève. "Preface to special issue on Peripheral and Central Control of Human Reproduction: Endocrine Aspects – Part 1." Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2015-0059.

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Chetrite, Gérard S., and Bruno Fève. "Preface to special issue on Peripheral and Central Control of Human Reproduction: Endocrine Aspects – Part 2." Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2016-0011.

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Refinetti, Roberto. "Time for sex: nycthemeral distribution of human sexual behavior." Journal of Circadian Rhythms 3 (March 24, 2005): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1740-3391-3-4.

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Hoogendoorn, Jacob, and Chris Brewster. "Human Resource Aspects: Decentralization and Devolution." Personnel Review 21, no. 1 (January 1992): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483489210009075.

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E. Khilji, Shaista. "Human aspects of interdisciplinary research." South Asian Journal of Global Business Research 3, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sajgbr-12-2013-0090.

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Purpose – Based upon the argument that the primary characteristic of successful interdisciplinary research lies in human behavior and action (Brun et al., 2007 as cited in Buller, 2008), the purpose of this paper is to offer a view on human aspects of interdisciplinary research. Findings – The paper presents interdisciplinary research as an overlapping process of collective human interactions, consisting of group composition, conceptualization, integration and contribution. Conceptualization and integration processes are particularly important for knowledge exchange and creation as individuals learn to translate, articulate, relate and relocate their original disciplinary positions (Buller, 2008). Further, the paper argues that interdisciplinarity can be enhanced through appropriate group mechanisms and practices; and successful interdisciplinary research also translates into individual (and group) learning and capability development, in addition to knowledge creation. Research limitations/implications – Interdisciplinary research is important for IB scholars to stay relevant in today's complex environment (Cheng et al., 2009). Since the South Asian region represents extreme contrast and paradoxes, interdisciplinary research could prove particularly valuable in exploring contradictions there (Khilji, 2012). Originality/value – The value of this perspective is in describing interdisciplinary research as a boundary-spanning experience for researchers in that it facilitates creation of new insights and allows them to transcend their original discipline. However, interdisciplinarity itself is not automatic, but must be collectively managed through appropriate group mechanisms and practices (Buller, 2008; Haythornthwaite, 2006).

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Watson, Stanley J. "Hormones and Human Behavior." Psychoneuroendocrinology 12, no. 3 (January 1987): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(87)90011-4.

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Halaris, Angelos. "Neurochemical Aspects of the Sexual Response Cycle." CNS Spectrums 8, no. 3 (March 2003): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900024445.

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AbstractWhat drives the human sexual response cycle? The human sexual response cycle is a highly complex phenomenon that encompasses many transmitters and transmitter systems centrally and peripherally. The endocrine system is also intricately involved in the brain and in the periphery organs. Integration of these systems is a function of the nervous system that ultimately produces a vast array of cognitive, emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses. Therefore, it is not surprising that a disturbance in even a single system will lead to dysfunction in one or more phases of the sexual response cycle. This article highlights the complex roles the aminergic system plays along with key hormones that are equally involved. The article also points out how rudimentary and fragmented our knowledge is in this field and how few controlled studies are available. The potential for development of specific agents that target selective sexual dysfunctions is exemplified in sildenafil, the first such agent ever to be brought to market.

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Ne'eman, R., N. Perach-Barzilay, M. Fischer-Shofty, A. Atias, and S. G. Shamay-Tsoory. "Intranasal administration of oxytocin increases human aggressive behavior." Hormones and Behavior 80 (April 2016): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.01.015.

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Shattuck, Eric C., and Michael P. Muehlenbein. "Towards an integrative picture of human sickness behavior." Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 57 (October 2016): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.05.002.

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Godwin, John. "Behavioural aspects of protandrous sex change in the anemonefish, Amphiprion melanopus, and endocrine correlates." Animal Behaviour 48, no. 3 (September 1994): 551–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1994.1275.

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Arfianti Wiraagni, Idha, Mustafa Mustafa Ali Mohd, Rusdi Abdul Rashid, and Didi Erwandi Bin Mohamad Haron. "Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Role in Drug Abuser: A Review Study." International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 10, no. 4 (December 6, 2020): 26324.1–26324.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v10i4.26324.

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Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals that influence many aspects of natural hormone actions. Bisphenol is used in the industry, for increasing the thickness and durability of materials in certain plastics and resins. Paraben is used as preservatives in many pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and some food products. EDCs can increase estrogen levels inside the body, and estrogen itself can increase the monoamine effect (dopamine, serotonin), neuronal excitability, neuropeptide transmitter mechanism, and drug metabolism. In drug abusers, this effect can develop greater craving behavior, addiction, and relapse.

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Cupaioli, Francesca A., Fabio A. Zucca, Cinzia Caporale, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Luca Passamonti, and Luigi Zecca. "The neurobiology of human aggressive behavior: Neuroimaging, genetic, and neurochemical aspects." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 106 (March 2021): 110059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110059.

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Parsons, Talcott. "The theory of human behavior in its individual and social aspects." American Sociologist 27, no. 4 (December 1996): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02692048.

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Wright, Nicholas A. "Aspects of the biology of regeneration and repair in the human gastrointestinal tract." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1370 (June 29, 1998): 925–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0257.

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The main pathways of epithelial differentiation in the intestine, Paneth, mucous, endocrine and columnar cell lineages are well recognized. However, in abnormal circumstances, for example in mucosal ulceration, a cell lineage with features distinct from these emerges, which has often been dismissed in the past as ‘pyloric’ metaplasia, because of its morphological resemblance to the pyloric mucosa in the stomach. However, we can conclude that this cell lineage has a defined phenotype unique in gastrointestinal epithelia, has a histogenesis that resembles that of Brunner's glands, but acquires a proliferative organization similar to that of the gastric gland. It expresses several peptides of particular interest, including epidermal growth factor, the trefoil peptides TFF1, TFF2, TFF3, lysozyme and PSTI. The presence of this lineage also appears to cause altered gene expression in adjacent indigenous cell lineages. We propose that this cell lineage is induced in gastrointestinal stem cells as a result of chronic mucosal ulceration, and plays an important part in ulcer healing; it should therefore be added to the repertoire of gastrointestinal stem cells.

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Roselli, C. E., E. Cross, H. K. Poonyagariyagorn, and H. L. Stadelman. "Role of aromatization in anticipatory and consummatory aspects of sexual behavior in male rats." Hormones and Behavior 44, no. 2 (August 2003): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0018-506x(03)00123-5.

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Luoto, Severi, and Markus J. Rantala. "On estrogenic masculinization of the human brain and behavior." Hormones and Behavior 97 (January 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.07.017.

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