Relevant bibliographies by topics / Endogenous economic growth / Dissertations / Theses
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Endogenous economic growth'

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Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Redding, Stephen James. "Endogenous innovation and economic growth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d0121eee-cb0d-40c4-a40e-9ac257ac599f.

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This thesis seeks to explain variations in growth rates across countries and time within an endogenous growth framework. Intentional investments by profit-seeking agents determine the rate of technological progress, which in turn determines an economy's rate of growth. Chapter 2 surveys the existing literature and introduces the quality ladder model of endogenous growth, upon which much of this thesis builds. Chapter 3 argues that entrepreneurs' incentives to invest in Research and Development (R & D) depend upon workers' complementary investments in human capital. Strategic complementarities
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2

Peng, Baochun. "Entrepreneurship and economic growth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270459.

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3

Okada, Toshihiro. "Economic growth and endogenous technological change." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271660.

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4

Yoon, Yeopil. "Endogenous fertility, endogenous growth and public pension reform." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273890.

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5

Yin, Xiaopeng 1963. "The effect of economic integration on endogenous economic growth." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23435.

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This thesis presents a survey of the development of economic growth theory, including the latest developments in the relationship between international economic integration through international flows of goods and/or knowledge and endogenous economic growth. Based on the following literature review, a new and more reasonable model for the research and development (i.e., the R&D) sector--a sector which is considered the source of long-run growth--is offered in order to develop and improve the framework built by Rivera-Batiz and Rome (1991), i.e. the RBR model. This new model will make the RBR f
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6

Ribeiro, Thompson Maria-João Cabral de Almeida. "Endogenous growth : theoretical investigations and developments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/74143/.

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This thesis provides theoretical investigations and developments to endogenous growth models, with the purpose of contributing to growth theory with new mechanisms for endogenously generating positive per-capita long-run growth. Chapter 2 is dedicated to the analysis of the models that constitute the basis of endogenous growth theory. This analytical study is motivated by the need to identify, in the existing growth literature, the mechanisms for generating endogenous sustained positive per-capita growth. In Chapter 3 we develop a new model that integrates R&D and human capital accumulation in
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7

Ragacs, Christian, and Martin Zagler. "Economic policy in a model of endogenous growth." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1997. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1154/1/document.pdf.

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We develop a model of endogenous growth based on the division of labour in order to discuss policy issues. The engine of growth is the worker's incentive to achieve higher income, thereby inducing an increase in the degree of specialisation. The genuine contribution of this paper is that both supply side and demand side policies may stimulate long-run economic growth, and do not only induce level shifts. On the supply side, an increase in productivity of innovative workers, alongside with investment in infrastructure, human capital, and improvements in the market setting may stimulate growth.
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8

Yin, Xiaopeng 1963. "Endogenous growth, international trade and dynamics." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37914.

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This PhD. dissertation consists of three essays to fill some gaps in the recent research in international trade and endogenous growth theory. The first essay explores the dynamic effect of interaction of research and development (R&D) activities among countries on endogenous economic growth. It attempts to fill the gap between the current endogenous growth research focused on independent R&D activities and decision-making in the international competition and the interdependent R&D competition in reality. This paper finds that the growth rates, welfare, and investment on R&D in the world do dif
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9

Csabafi, Tamas Zoltan. "Business cycles, endogenous growth, and monetary cycles." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/88965/.

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This dissertation sets out to introduce a new calibration procedure building on Jermann (1998) and the iterative shock identification scheme of Benk et al. (2005) in Chapter 1. It incorporates the use of Simulated Annealing, a global optimization algorithm, into the Jermann (1998) calibration methodology that is applied to search for the combination of structural parameters within a bounded parameter space that yields the lowest distance between a vector of US data moments and its simulated moments counterpart in the frequency domain. It also extends the methodology of Jermann (1998) with the
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10

Sarkar, Jayanta. "Essays on endogenous lifetime, economic growth and income inequality." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3213460.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Economics)--S.M.U.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed July 13, 2007). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-03, Section: A, page: 1029. Adviser: Thomas Osang. Includes bibliographical references.
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11

Gil, Pedro Rui Mazeda. "Essays on Industry Dynamics and on Endogenous Economic Growth." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/45037.

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12

Gil, Pedro Rui Mazeda. "Essays on Industry Dynamics and on Endogenous Economic Growth." Tese, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/45037.

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13

Jha, Sailesh Kumar. "Three essays on macroeconomic policy and endogenous growth /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7483.

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14

Hojjati, Moghaddam Mona. "Does foreign direct investment generate economic growth in Sub Saharan Africa?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27859.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between economic growth and the inflow of foreign direct investment in the SSA region. Secondary data from organizations and institutes are used to examine if other factors may affect total GDP, in addition to FDI. The estimations used in the regression are foreign direct investment, property rights, level of corruption, logistic performance index, education level, initial GDP and life expectancy.
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15

Andersson, Guadalupe. "Determinants of economic growth across Sweden : An analysis of exogenous and endogenous economic growth and convergence." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89291.

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<p>The purpose of this study is to examine the exogenous and endogenous growth theories in order to determine the factors that generate economic growth across the Swedish national areas during2000-2016. This analysis is made through the estimation of the Solow model, the augmented Solow model and the Romer model using the econometric methods fixed effects and random effects. Moreover, a convergence analysis across these Swedish regions is presented in this research, which is carried out using a random effects model. The results indicate that investment explains 94 percent of the variation in r
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16

Nguyen, Minh Ha. "Endogenous growth, international trade and the environment." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37948.

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We develop a dynamic model that explicitly considers the trans-boundary pollution problem between two asymmetric countries. We found that the countries will enjoy higher long run growth rates and a higher environmental quality when they coordinate their environmental policies. Furthermore, the two countries suffer more heavily not cooperating with each other when their attitudes towards a cleaner environment differ greatly. The implication is that despite the inherent differences in their development level and in their environmental attitudes, developed and developing countries are strongly en
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17

Yang, Yibai. "Economic growth under endogenous technological change and time preference : empirical evidence from selected OECD countries." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28824.

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Technological change and time preference are two important factors affecting the mechanics of the process of economic growth, and the endogeneity of these factors receives increasing attention in recent studies. This thesis provides analyses of the roles of endogenous technological change and endogenous time preference in the growth process, With particular interests in long—run growth7 the organization and direction of innovation, equilibrium dynamics, and improvements of household welfare. The thesis consists of the following chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the research. Chapter 2 reviews
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18

Lazaris, Spyros M. "A study on endogenous growth models and trade." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-165642/.

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19

Mutsila, Mpho. "The role of the common innovation infrastructure in economic transition." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41988.

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Knowledge, innovation, and the pursuit of economic growth are concepts that the economists and policy makers around the world continue to investigate. As policy makers strive to improve the welfare of their nations, research suggests that perhaps innovation is the key that will unlock the gates of prosperity. Frameworks have been developed on how countries should build innovation capacity such as the study done by Furman, Porter and Stern (2002). These frameworks have been used to test developed nations such as Australia, Denmark and the United States as well as developing nations such as Tai
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20

Li, Dajin. "Investment rate and economic growth in the long run, empirical tests of endogenous growth models." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ32340.pdf.

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21

Schmidt, Gordon W. "Dynamics of endogenous economic growth : a case study of the "Romer model" /." Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 2003. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0614/2003043910-d.html.

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22

MUREDDU, FRANCESCO. "Essays in New Economic Geography." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266005.

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The recent Nobel Prize assigned to Paul Krugman "for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity" witnesses the important role that the scienti�c community gives to the insights of the so-called New Economic Geography (NEG) literature. This field of economic analysis has always been particularly appealing to policy makers, given the direct link between its results and regional policy rules. For the same reason it is useful to deepen the analysis of its most important outputs by testing the theoretical robustness of some of its more relevant statements. This thesis tries
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23

Niwa, Sumiko. "Essays on Intellectual Property Rights Protection and Economic Growth." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232210.

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24

Ngo, Ngoc Qui. "FDI and Economic Growth : An Empirical Study of Lower-middle Income Economies." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44025.

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Within a panel data context with fixed effects method, using data on a sample of 40 lower- middle income economies, this paper investigates whether and to what extent FDI stimulates economic growth over the period 2007-2017. The main finding of this paper highlights the complementary effects between FDI and education, suggesting that a certain level of education must be reached in order for FDI to contribute positively on economic growth. Further, the level of education in this sample set is below the level that is considered as adequate in order to spur economic growth and thus this affects t
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25

Geijer, Karl. "Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico : Possible Effects on the Economic Growth." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-89193.

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<p> </p><p>The purpose of this paper is to examine whether foreign direct investment, FDI, has any impact on economic growth in Mexico. In order to find a possible connection I use a multiple regression analysis with GDP per capita as dependent variable. Furthermore, I critically examine previous studies of FDI and its effect on GDP per capita in Mexico as well as other studies with several developed and developing countries. The difference between this paper and previous studies is that the data is more up-to-date here. My results, like most of the previous studies, do not indicate on any sta
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26

Huang, Shaojun. "Service sector development, structural change, and economic growth international experriences and implications for China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23000971.

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27

Kim, Sang-Choon. "Innovation and training in a closed and open economy : implications for learning and economic growth /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7482.

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28

Kwon, O.-Sung. "Economic growth and the environment : the environmental kuznets curve and sustainable development in an endogenous growth model /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7467.

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29

Všetičková, Simona. "THE COMPOSITION OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193067.

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This thesis examines the effect of the government expenditure structure on the economic growth. The objective is to determine which components of public expenditures are growth enhancing and which growth retarding. The theoretical model is set into the endogenous growth framework and describes the growth mechanism of productive and unproductive government expenditures. The growth impact of public spending composition is analysed for 18 European countries from 1996 to 2012. The empirical part is based on the panel data analysis. The empirical findings suggest that reallocating public resources
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30

Day, Frederick George. "Thomas Hodgskin and economic progress : a radical reconstruction of his endogenous growth theory." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2009. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/323627/.

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By means of a close reading of early 19th century economic works, and by reconstructing aspects of Thomas Hodgskin‘s political economy, this thesis presents an exposition of those parts of his work that contributed to his position on growth. Rather than concentrating on his ideas on capital, we have centred on his concept of political economy as a science concerned with labour as the sole creator of wealth. We present his political economy as having labour as its focal point within a hypothetical pure market economy. From here he sought a foundation to economic growth derived from human action
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31

Christie, Tamoya A. L. "Essays on Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/econ_diss/75.

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This dissertation comprises two essays. The first essay explores how the size of government, as measured by the level of spending, affects growth. Theoretical models suggest a nonlinear relationship; however, testing this hypothesis empirically in cross-country studies is complicated by the endogeneity of government spending and the accurate identification of turning points. This paper examines the nonlinear hypothesis by incorporating threshold analysis in a cross-country growth regression. Using a broad panel of countries over the period 1971-2005, the results show evidence in favor of a non
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32

Tamai, Toshiki. "Fiscal and Monetary Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model with Public Capital." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11917.

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33

Andersson, Fia, and Tilda Fredriksson. "Economic Performance and R&D." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39901.

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Researchers tend to disagree on the direction of the relation among R&amp;D and economic growth, suggesting that if economic performance determines R&amp;D investments countries might overinvest in their R&amp;D expenditure. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to shed new light to this question by first establishing a relation among the variables and thereafter investigate the Granger causality between them. This paper is based on a panel study consisting of 60 countries, with various levels of income during the period 1996-2015. Using a fixed effects model, we can establish a positive rel
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34

Schmidt, Gordon 1946. "Dynamics of endogenous economic growth theory and related issues : a case study of the "Romer model"." Monash University, Dept. of Economics, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8832.

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35

黃少軍 and Shaojun Huang. "Service sector development, structural change, and economic growth: international experriences and implicationsfor China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241815.

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36

Demissie, Meskerem. "FDI, Human Capital and Economic Growth : A panel data analysis of developing countries." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29496.

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FDI inflow to developing countries has shown a drastic increase in the past few decades. Accordingly, many policy makers and academics are concerned about policies that attract FDI inflows to enhance economic growth from the positive spillover effects of FDI. Hence this study examines the general impact of FDI on the economic growth of 56 developing countries for the period 1985-2014. In order to analyze the growth effect of FDI into different macroeconomic situations, the sample countries are grouped into 24 low-income developing countries and 32 upper middle-income countries. The overall pan
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37

Gruescu, Sandra. "Population ageing and economic growth : education policy and family policy in a model of endogenous growth ; with 32 tables /." Heidelberg ; New York : Physica-Verl, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2846158&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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38

Gruescu, Sandra. "Population ageing and economic growth : education policy and family policy in a model of endogenous growth; with 32 tab. /." Heidelberg : Physica-Verl, 2007. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz256686149cov.htm.

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39

Brembilla, Laurent. "Longevity and Economic Growth : three Essays." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED025/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à la relation de long-terme entre la longévité et le développement économique. Dans le premier chapitre, j’analyse l’impact des dépenses de santé sur la croissance et le bien-être. Pour cela, j’étudie l’influence du taux d’imposition dans une économie avec temps de vie endogène (Chakraborty (2004)). Je détermine le taux d’imposition qui maximise le taux de croissance. Puis je m’intéresse aux variations du niveau de production dans l’état stationnaire par rapport au taux d’imposition. Enfin, j’étudie le taux d’imposition qui maximise le bien-être dans l’état stationnaire.
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40

Gruescu, Sandra [Verfasser]. "Population ageing and economic growth : education policy and family policy in a model of endogenous growth ; with 32 tables / Sandra Gruescu." Heidelberg : Physica-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/98539871X/34.

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41

Kalingas, Ruin Maria. "Does democracy have an effect on a nation's ability to achieve economic growth? : An empirical analysis of the relationship between deomcracy and growth." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16721.

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The rate of economic growth varies extensively between different countries. The underlying reasons to the differences are dissimilarities in productivity and efficiency, which in turn seem to be affected by factors such as the institutional setup, the rate of economic freedom, the level of human and social capital, corruption and interpersonal trust.This thesis investigates the relationship between economic growth and the level of democracy in developing countries, as a well-functioning democracy to a large extent corresponds to an inclusive institutional setup. The empirical investigation is
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42

Sjögren, Anna. "Perspectives on human capital : economic growth, occupational choice and intergenerational mobility." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-651.

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This dissertation consists of three essays, taking different perspectives on human capital. The first essay looks at human capital from a growth perspective. Essays two and three focuses on the individual’s occupational decision and its relation to family background. The first essay attempts to capture the effects on long run economic growth and transitional dynamics of the interaction between human capital and R&amp;D. We do this by allowing for endogenous human capital accumulation in an economy where the number of products and technologies expands because profit maximizing entrepreneurs do
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43

Minford, Lucy. "The macroeconomic effects of UK tax, regulation and R&D subsidies : testing endogenous growth hypotheses in an open economy DSGE model." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/75257/.

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This thesis investigates whether government policy had a causal impact on UK output and productivity growth between 1970 and 2009. Two policy-driven growth hypotheses are considered: first that productivity growth is systematically determined by the tax and regulatory environment in which firms start up and operate, and second that productivity is determined by direct subsidies to business R&D. Each growth hypothesis is embedded within an open economy Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model calibrated to the UK experience; the agents optimality conditions imply a reduced form linea
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44

Cheng, Xiangbin. "The dynamic relationships between public spending, economic growth and income inequality in China." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16543.

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China's economic development has performed spectacularly during the period of China's economic transition as a result of radical economic reform in the all markets. The country has also gone through extensive fiscal reforms in the last three decades. However, a number of problems have been associated with such rapid economic growth. One of these has been raising inequality. In both Keynesian and neoclassical endogenous growth theories, public spending can play an important role for economic growth and inequality. The majority of previous studies have focused on the relationship between public
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45

Silveira, Fabrício. "Industrial allocation and growth trajectories : a multi-level approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290074.

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This dissertation investigates the process of economic growth with heterogeneous agents from a multi-level perspective. Building upon Kaldorian and Evolutionary principles, growth is defined as a path-dependent and complex phenomenon, which requires structural variation and the interplay between demand and supply at distinct analytical levels. Two concomitant and dependent 'layers' of this process are emphasised: the supply-led 'intra-sectoral development trajectory' and the demand-led 'inter-sectoral development trajectory'. The key element in the first is the firm size, which is shown to hav
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46

Penna, Christiano Modesto. "Crescimento econÃmico via investimentos em capital: evidencias empÃricas para o Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1394.

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Neste trabalho fica evidente que existe uma relaÃÃo nÃo linear entre a taxa de formaÃÃo bruta de capital fixo e a taxa de crescimento econÃmico na economia brasileira e, devido a essa nÃo linearidade, o teste de prediÃÃes do modelo AK e neoclÃssico proposto por Jones (1995) passa a ser inconclusivo, pois existe espaÃo para as prediÃÃes de ambos os modelos. Nosso modelo economÃtrico indica que, teoricamente, a produtividade marginal do capital se modifica de acordo com uma taxa de crescimento indicada pelo parÃmetro threshold. Essa modificaÃÃo pode aparentemente ser explicada devido à modifica
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47

Vilão, Nuno Miguel de Matos Biscaia. "O boom das commodities no Brasil e no Chile à luz da teoria do crescimento endógeno : uma oportunidade perdida?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22839.

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Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus<br>De acordo com a teoria do crescimento endógeno, o crescimento económico tem origem em fatores internos às economias. Segundo os teóricos, um crescimento económico sustentado de longo prazo seria potenciado pela melhoria de certos fatores, como a inovação, o capital humano e a diversificação produtiva. Entre 2002 e 2014, a subida acentuada dos preços das Commodities proporcionou a países como o Brasil e o Chile um período de grande prosperidade económica – uma oportunidade para melhorar condições de crescimento. No fim do período,
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48

Beradovic, Maria, and Jeanette Hennix. "The Role of FDI and Openness to Trade in Economic Growth : A study of Africa and Asia." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-7979.

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Economic growth from a globalisation point of view is seen as being impacted to a large extent by two phenomena – foreign direct investments (FDI) and trade. FDI brings many positive spillovers such as technological progress and increases in human capital. Trade can help improve the efficiency of production allocation in which the comparative advantage lies. According to David Nellor (2008) parts of sub-Saharan Africa today experience growth rates similar to those of the first five founding members of ASEAN in the beginning of the 1980’s: Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indo
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49

Gustafsson, Peter. "Essays on trade and technological change." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2006. http://www2.hhs.se/EFI/summary/709.htm.

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50

Ljung, Mathilda, and Matilda Lund. ""Behöver befolkningen vara frisk för att landet ska få ekonomisk tillväxt?" : En tvärsnittsstudie om hälsans effekt på ekonomisk tillväxt i världens minst utvecklade länder." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32742.

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Health has long been referred to as a contributing development factor for economic growth, and health investments have been implemented as a strategy for achieving economic development. However, several countries have reached economic growth before improving health status, which raises questions of the significance of public health related to economic growth. The economic inequalities between countries tend to increase along with enlarged differences in health status, is there possibly a correlation between these occurrences? The purpose of this essay is to make a theoretical contribution by e
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