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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries

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Academic literature on the topic 'Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries"

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Todo, Yasuyuki. "Empirically consistent scale effects: An endogenous growth model with technology transfer to developing countries." Journal of Macroeconomics 25, no. 1 (March 2003): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0164-0704(03)00005-3.

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Cinyabuguma, Matthias. "Corruption, Endogenous Fertility, and Growth." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2011): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2011.v16.i2.a1.

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While much research in economic development has pointed out the negative impact of corruption on growth, less research has been devoted to studying the relationship between corruption and demographic transition. This theme is developed into an overlapping generation model in which corruption affects fertility decisions through its negative impact on physical capital formation and its productivity. The analysis indicates that, when the level of corruption is high, the productivity of capital is low and fertility is excessively high because of the relatively low cost of raising children. Theoretical and empirical results show that, in both developed and developing countries, corruption creates distortions and leads to low-equilibrium traps. Introducing child quality into the model accelerates the pace of demographic transition and produces effects similar to reducing the level of corruption. Empirical estimates confirm the predictions of the model and support the proposition that fertility declines in less corrupt countries.

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Nugroho, Hari, N. Haidy Ahmad Pasay, Arie Damayanti, and Maddaremmeng A. Panennungi. "Semi-Endogenous Growth Model for Developing Countries: A Modification to Jones Model." Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 8, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v8i1.9136.

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Semi-endogenous growth model emphasizes human capital accumulation and technological advances in supporting economic growth. While most countries in the world lack the ability to accumulate their human capital and advance in technology, the privilege of research and development lies on part of developed nations. The increase in the stock of knowledge can come from different interactions with other countries in the world. But the crucial point to make is what underlies these differences among nations in the world. This study modifies Jones model by embedding characteristics that different countries in the world. Such an attempt is directed to produce a more general model of semi-endogenous growth to be applicable to all countries in the world. The end result of this study is to present a more general model that will be easily applicable to different countries in the world.

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de Oliveira, Guilherme, and Eduardo Prado Souza. "Wage- and profit-led growth regimes: a panel-data approach." Review of Keynesian Economics 9, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 394–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/roke.2021.03.05.

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The extensive empirical effort made in the growth and distribution literature to estimate whether economic growth is wage- or profit-led has not sufficiently considered the theoretical foundation of the Neo-Kaleckian model. This paper attempts to respect key tenets of the investment function by estimating a panel-data model in which country-specific structural characteristics and possible endogenous relationships in income distribution and economic growth are explicitly considered. The identification strategy is based on several estimates of the capital stock and the rate of capacity utilization for 61 countries over the period between 1995 and 2014. The main results suggest that the growth regime was wage-led in developed countries, while most developing countries exhibited a profit-led growth regime. Interestingly, however, while the profit-led regime occurs through the international trade channel in Latin American countries, in other developing countries, the causality channel is mainly related to the domestic investment function.

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Ziesemer, Thomas. "Growth with endogenous migration hump and the multiple, dynamically interacting effects of aid in poor developing countries." Applied Economics 43, no. 30 (January 28, 2011): 4865–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2010.498363.

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Tsai, Shiao-Lin, and Chunchi Wu. "Financial Development and Economic Growth of Developed versus Asian Developing Countries: A Pooling Time-Series and Cross-Country Analysis." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 02, no. 01 (March 1999): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091599000047.

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This paper examines the relationship between financial market development and economic growth. By pooling the data of both developed and developing countries, we test the relation between the real GDP growth rate and financial development variables suggested by the aggregate capital endogenous growth model. We find that the capital absorption and saving rates have a significant positive relation with economic growth whereas the interest rate has a negative relation. Since the behavior of these explanatory variables reflects financial development, our results suggest that financial intermediation plays a significant role in economic growth. Furthermore, we find that there was a shift in the economic performance of Asian developing economies in the 1980s. Financial reforms in this region have resulted in a transitory adverse impact on the capital absorption rate. It also appears that economic growth has slowed down recently for most of these newly industrialized economies. Our result suggests that the lack of efficient financial markets may have hindered the economic performance of these economies.

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Munir, Kashif, and Shahzad Arshad. "Factor accumulation and economic growth in Pakistan: incorporating human capital." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 480–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-12-2016-0346.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run and short-run relationship between factor accumulation (i.e. physical capital and human capital) and economic growth by calculating the stocks of human capital and real physical capital. Design/methodology/approach The study uses endogenous growth model, where GDP per worker is the dependent variable and factor accumulation (real physical capital per worker and human capital) is the explanatory variable under the autoregressive distributive lag framework from 1973 to 2014 for Pakistan. Findings The results suggest that there is a long-run relationship between factor accumulation and GDP per worker in Pakistan. Findings of the study are consistent with the endogenous growth model suggesting that accumulation of human capital increases labor productivity, employment level and per capita income, and causes economic growth. Practical implications Developing countries like Pakistan should increase share of human capital for economic development. Government should invest in the education sector because investment in human capital has a large potential of productivity growth and welfare increase in developing countries. Originality/value This study challenges the notion of human capital and real physical capital stock used by different researchers. Considering human capital as a core factor of production, a series of human capital as average year of schooling is calculated by utilizing the perpetual inventory method.

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Ahmad, Mohsin Hasnain, Shaista Alam, and Mohammad Sabihuddin Butt. "Foreign Direct Investment, Exports, and Domestic Output in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 42, no. 4II (December 1, 2003): 715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v42i4iipp.715-723.

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The impact of the policy reform on economic performance has been one of the stifling issues in development economics in the recent years. Since the middle 1970s, there has been considerable progress in the trade reform in the most developing countries, turning from an import substitution strategy to export-oriented approach. Pakistan also follows export-oriented policies. Pakistan’s trade pattern and trade policy have been moving towards fewer and fewer controls, tariffs rates have come tumbling down. Export-led-growth hypothesis (ELG) suggests that due to positive correlation between export and growth, therefore, export-oriented policies contribute to economic growth. Thus, international trade and development theory suggests that export growth contributes positively to economic growth. On the basis of this framework, most empirical work on the effects of export promoting strategy followed in developing countries evaluated openness with trade. Empirical research about the effect of this liberalisation process has treated export as principal channel for growth. The relationship with exports and growth, grounded in endogenous growth theory, has been tested for Pakistan [Khan (1995); Ahmad, Butt, and Alam (2000) and Akbar (2000)].

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Diene, Mbaye, Bity Diene, and Théophile T. Azomahou. "HUMAN CAPITAL PRODUCTIVITY, ENDOGENOUS GROWTH, AND WELFARE: THE ROLE OF UNCERTAINTY." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 8 (March 22, 2016): 2067–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100515000309.

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Several policies or interventions have been implemented in developing countries with the ultimate goal of improving educational outcomes and human capital. Although many empirical studies have pointed to mixed results of these interventions, the role of uncertainty arising from the state of nature about the educational environment and household characteristics in the efficiency of these interventions still lacks an economic mechanism. This paper aims at developing a theoretical framework that links policy interventions to educational outcomes. We characterize optimal policies and determine the conditions for enhancing social welfare.

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Echeverri-Gent, John. "Persistent High Inequality as an Endogenous Political Process." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 04 (September 25, 2009): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509990059.

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At the same time that the world has reached unprecedented prosperity, issues of economic inequality have attained great political salience. In the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis, there are major differences in opinion regarding the responsibility of the United States and other wealthy countries and what the proper response should be. In July 2008, the Doha round of negotiations at the WTO broke down after developing countries could not reach an agreement with wealthy countries on agricultural trade. The IMF is under pressure to reform its governance to provide better representation to middle-income and poor countries. And development experts admonish the world about the growing gap between the world's affluent countries and “the bottom billion” (Collier 2007). It used to be that economic-development strategies would target economic growth and “let the rising tide lift all ships.” Now, there is growing concern that growth be inclusive in order to make optimal use of societal resources and mitigate the political volatility that results when substantial segments of societies are excluded from the benefits of development.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries"

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Morshed, AKM Mahbub. "Essays in international macrodynamics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7409.

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Demissie, Meskerem. "FDI, Human Capital and Economic Growth : A panel data analysis of developing countries." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29496.

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FDI inflow to developing countries has shown a drastic increase in the past few decades. Accordingly, many policy makers and academics are concerned about policies that attract FDI inflows to enhance economic growth from the positive spillover effects of FDI. Hence this study examines the general impact of FDI on the economic growth of 56 developing countries for the period 1985-2014. In order to analyze the growth effect of FDI into different macroeconomic situations, the sample countries are grouped into 24 low-income developing countries and 32 upper middle-income countries. The overall panel data analysis based on endogenous growth theory supported the positive growth effect of FDI for the pooled 56 countries and upper middle- income countries. However the growth effect of FDI for low-income countries tend to be statistically significant but negative. Moreover, to investigate the absorptive capacity of the host country an interactive term of FDI and human capital is included to estimate the general model. The regression results from the interactive term denote that the growth effect of FDI is dependent on the level of human capital in the host country. Hence a minimum level of human capital is essential in order to maximize and absorb the positive growth effect of FDI.

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Iwai, Nobuyuki. "Economic models of developing countries in the global ecnomy." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1063840190.

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Schabbel, Christian. "The value chain of foreign aid : development, poverty reduction, and regional conditions /." Heidelberg : Physica-Verl, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-1932-8.

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Abhayaratne, Anoma S. P. "Growth and international trade in developing countries : an empirical analysis." Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242227.

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Theron, N. "Endogenous credit money : evidence from selected developing countries." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53408.

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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The endogenous money theory states that the money supply responds endogenously to the demand for credit. The money supply is not exogenously determined by the central bank. The endogenous theory is associated with the Post Keynesian school. It has been tested extensively for developed countries, where it was found that the modern credit-driven world is characterised by an endogenous money supply. The contribution of the present study is to extend this analysis to developing countries, specifically twelve countries in the SADC region. To examine the applicability of the endogenous money theory to developing countries, the thesis begins with an overview of the views of the different schools of thought on the role of money. The areas of consensus and disagreement within the Post Keynesian school are discussed. The theoretical basis of the thesis is the ‘structuralist’ Post Keynesian view that money cannot be endogenous if the financial system in a country has not reached the final stages of development. The ‘structuralist’ hypothesis is tested for the SADC countries by examining the demand and supply of credit money in each country. It was found that households do not generally have full access to formal credit markets. Changes in the money supply are not determined by changes in private sector credit in many of the countries. The analysis was then extended to the institutional environment in each country. A financial institutional index was developed to facilitate comparison between the SADC countries. It was shown that South Africa is the only country in the SADC area that has a financial system that can be classified as ‘largely developed’. It is also the only country where changes in the supply of money are predominantly credit-driven. Post Keynesians maintain that the money supply is endogenous and interest rates are exogenous. Interest rate mark-ups and spreads are assumed stable over the business cycle. This notion is challenged by the ‘structuralist’ Post Keynesians. To test the theory of stable interest rate mark-ups and spreads, data for each individual country were examined. Neither interest rate spreads, nor interest rate mark-ups were found to be stable. Interest rate spreads are generally higher in developing countries than in developed countries. No clear pro- or counter-cyclical variation in spreads was found. Finally, an econometric model was developed and the links between financial development and growth were examined. By looking at 49 developed and developing countries, it was found that financial development is strongly linked to economic growth. Financial repression and high interest rate spreads cause growth to be depressed. Financial development and increased competition in the banking sector will lead to higher real economic growth rates. In an environment where the financial system has not reached the stage where money is endogenous, the lack of financial institutional development stifles economic growth.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die teorie van ‘n endogene geldvoorraad aanvaar dat die aanbod van geld endogeen reageerop die vraag na krediet. Die geldvoorraad word nie eksogeen bepaal deurdie sentrale bank nie. Die endogene gedvoorraad teorie word geassosieer met die Post Keynesiaanse skool. Dit is reeds getoets vir ontwikkelde lande, waar die bevinding was dat ‘n endogene geldvoorraad ‘n eienskap is van ‘n moderne kredietgedrewe wereld. Hierdie tesis maak ‘n bydrae deur die analise uit te brei na ontwikkelende lande, spesifiek twaalf lande in die SADC streek. Om die toepasbaarheid van die endogene geldvoorraad vir ontwikkelende lande te toets, begin die tesis met ‘n oorsig van die verskillende denkskole se sienings oor die rol van geld. Die areas waar Post Keynesiane ooreenstem en verskil word bespreek. Die teoretiese basis van die tesis is die ‘strukturalistiese’ Post Keynesiaanse siening dat die geldvoorraad nie endogeen kan wees indien die finansiele sisteem in ‘n land nog nie die finale ontwikkelingstadia bereik het nie. Hierdie hipotese van die ‘strukturaliste’ word getoets vir die SADC lande deur te kyk na die vraag na en aanbod van krediet in elke land. Daar is bevind dat huishoudings oor die algemeen nie volledige toegang het tot formele kredietmarkte nie. Veranderinge in die geldvoorraad word nie in al die lande veroorsaak deur veranderinge in privaat sektor kredietverlening nie. Hierdie analise word dan uitgebrei na die institusionele omgewing in elke land, ‘n Finansiele institusionele indeks is ontwikkel om vergelyking tussen die SADC lande moontlik te maak. Daar is bevind dat Suid Afrika die enigste land is met 'n finansiele sisteem wat geklassifiseer kan word as ‘grotendeels ontwikkeld’. Dit is ook die enigste land waardie geldvoorraad beduidend kredietgedrewe is. Post Keynesiane glo dat die geldvoorraad endogeen is en rentekoerse eksogeen. Rentekoersmarges word gesien as stabiel oor die konjunktuursiklus. Hierdie aanname word bevraagteken deur die ‘strukturalistiese’ Post Keynesiane. Die teorie van stabiele rentekoersmarges word getoets deur te kyk na data vir elke individuele land. Die bevinding is dat rentekoersmarges nie stabiel is nie. Marges is oor die algemeen hoer in ontwikkelende lande as in ontwikkelde lande. Daar is geen duidelike pro- of kontrasikliese variasies in rentekoersmarges gevind nie. Laastens is ‘n ekonometriese model ontwikkel om die skakels tussen finansiele ontwikkeling en groei te ondersoek. Deur te kyk na 49 ontwikkelde en onontwikkelde lande, is daar bevind dat finansiele ontwikkeling en groei ‘n sterk verband toon. Finansiele onderdrukking en hoe rentekoersmarges lei tot laer ekonomiese groei. Finansiele ontwikkeling en groter mededinging in die bank sektor sal lei tot hoer reele ekonomiese groeikoerse. In ‘n omgewing waar die finansiele sisteem nog nie die stadium bereik het waar geld endogeen is nie, sal die gebrek aan finansiele institusionele ontwikkeling ekonomiese groei benadeel.

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Hall, Joshua Dennis Laincz Christopher. "Essays on inequality, education, trade and endogenous growth /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3314.

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Derin, Pinar. "Endogenous Growth Testing In The European Union And Developing Countries: Taxation, Public Expenditure And Growth." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1112127/index.pdf.

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In endogenous growth models, in contrast to the neoclassical growth models, government expenditure and taxation have an effect on the long run growth rate. In this thesis I examine whether the empirical evidence support the predictions of endogenous growth models or the neoclassical growth models in relation to fiscal policy. For this purpose I use panel data for fifteen European Union (EU) member and thirty-three developing countries between the years 1970 and 1999. I specifically test the following two propositions. The first proposition states that distortionary taxation decreases growth while non-distortionary taxation does not. The second, states that productive government expenditure increases growth while non-productive expenditure does not. The empirical results are quite different between European Union countries and developing countries. The results do not support endogenous growth especially for developing countries.

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Husain, Asim. "Financial intermediation and growth in developing countries." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1342193386.

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Hussein, Khaled Ahmed. "Financial intermediation and economic growth in developing countries." Thesis, Keele University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297182.

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Books on the topic "Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries"

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Capital accumulation and economic growth in a small open economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Tetsushi, Sonobe, ed. Cluster-based industrial developments: KAIZEN management for MSE growth in developing countries. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

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Leif, Edvinsson, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. National Intellectual Capital: A Comparison of 40 Countries. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011.

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Easterly, William Russell. The ghost of financing gap: How the Harrod-Domar growth model still haunts development economics. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, 1997.

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Economic growth in the Third World: An introduction. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.

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Growth, poverty and inequality dynamics: Four empirical essays at the macro and micro level. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2008.

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Weisbrod, Julian. Growth, Poverty and Inequality Dynamics: Four Empirical Essays at the Macro and Micro Level. Bern: Peter Lang International Academic Publishers, 2018.

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G, McGee T., ed. Theatres of accumulation: Studies in Asian and Latin American urbanization. London: Methuen, 1985.

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Transitional Dynamics and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Springer-Verlag Telos, 2000.

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Happiness and Economic Growth: Lessons from Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries"

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Ghatak, Subrata, and José R. Sánchez-Fung. "Finance, growth and development." In Monetary Economics in Developing Countries, 7–19. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02157-1_2.

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Ghatak, Subrata, and José R. Sánchez-Fung. "Money, inflation and growth." In Monetary Economics in Developing Countries, 153–83. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02157-1_9.

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Ghatak, Subrata. "Money, inflation and growth." In Monetary Economics in Developing Countries, 94–132. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23895-8_6.

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Ghatak, Subrata, and José R. Sánchez-Fung. "Theories of money and economic growth." In Monetary Economics in Developing Countries, 43–62. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-02157-1_4.

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Ghatak, Subrata. "Theories of money and economic growth." In Monetary Economics in Developing Countries, 75–93. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23895-8_5.

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Steger, Thomas. "Productive consumption and growth in developing countries." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 61–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45784-5_4.

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Van Dan, Dang, and Vu Duc Binh. "Evaluating the Impact of Official Development Assistance (ODA) on Economic Growth in Developing Countries." In Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics, 910–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04200-4_66.

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Cole, William E. "Labor Migration and Urban Employment in Developing Countries: The Impact of Population Growth and Property Institutions." In The Institutional Economics of the International Economy, 161–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1820-7_10.

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Mintz, Alex, and Randolph T. Stevenson. "Armament and Development: An Empirical Assessment of the Impact of Military Spending on Economic Growth in Developing Countries." In The Economics of International Security, 245–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23695-4_23.

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Malikov, Ahlidin. "How Do Sovereign Sukuk Impact on the Economic Growth of Developing Countries? An Analysis of the Infrastructure Sector." In Critical Issues and Challenges in Islamic Economics and Finance Development, 1–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45029-2_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Endogenous growth (Economics) Developing countries"

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Nişancı, Murat, Aslı Cansın Doker, Adem Türkmen, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Determinants of Labor Productivity: Analyses on Chosen Countries (1960-2010)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01550.

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Discussions on economic productivity, in micro analysis aspects there is direct causal relationship between increases or decreases in the production and productivity, whereas it can be said that productivity is based on economic recession or growth in macro analysis aspects. In the literature, while Classical theoreticians is attributed that the source of growth is the marginal productivity of capital, neoclassic school claims that marginal productivity difference provide benefit the country from behind for realization of the convergence hypothesis. Furthermore, increasing efficiency and as the factors this increase efficiency human capital, learning by doing concepts and technology are focused in the endogenous growth theories. In this study, human capital, physical capital per worker, exports per worker, gender differences, fertility, life expectancy and dependent population ratio were determined as determinants of labor productivity. In respect to labor productivity, variables are divided to three main groups in order to economic demographic and social and psychological factors. The variables are placed with taking five years average due to the fact that those variables’ effects reveal themselves more clearly in the long term. In the paper, it was investigated by panel data analysis considering groups of developed and developing countries between 1960 and 2010 period. In this context the degree of efficiency may well be discussed with parameters of selected variables for productivity of labor. Additionally, within framework of descriptive statistics the differences and similarities between countries were interpreted for political recommendations to developing countries how to increase productivity for catching developed countries’ growth trend.

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Samsuddin, M. Afdal, and Syamsul Amar. "Determinants of Economic Growth in Developing Countries of G20 Members." In The Fifth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA-5 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201126.021.

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Zevaya, Faradina, Fadwa Rhogib Asfahani, and Utari Nur Qalbi. "Participation Study of Developing Countries in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to Economic Growth: Case Study Developing Countries in Latin America." In The Fifth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA-5 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201126.023.

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Bal, Harun, Neşe Algan, Müge Manga, and Ediz Kandır. "The Relationship between Human Capital and Economic Growth: Cases of BRICS Countries and Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00923.

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Endogenous growth theories have implied that human capital is an important factor that determines economic growth. This implication has revealed the need for policies that involving human capital as well as classical production factors. This means, physical capital is not enough alone for economic growth. This study aims to analyze the causality between human capital and economic growth in Turkey and BRICS countries. To this aim, by using Panel Data Analysis, which is an important econometric technique, the degree of the relationship between growth and human capital, in the long run, between the years 1995-2011 is analyzed. As a consequence of the analysis we expect to conclusion that there’s a positive and the high correlation relationship between human capital and economic growth. In our analysis, we obtained the result that, there’s a long-run relationship between human capital and economics growth in BRICS countries and Turkey. In this context, we came to the conclusion that human capital is an important factor that stimulate economic growth.

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Özer, Ali, Aslı Cansın Doker, and Adem Türkmen. "Analysis of Capital Flight in Developing Countries: A Study on Turkey between 1980 and 2010." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00702.

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The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between Capital flight and some macroeconomic variables by using anual data between 1980 and 2010 in Turkey. Capital flight measured by World Bank (1985) method, was used as dependent variable and external debt, foreign direct investment, uncertainty, real GDP growth, exchange rates, trade balance and consumer price index were used as independent variables. Ordinary Least squares estimation method, Johansen-Jeselius cointegration test, Granger causality test and variance decomposition results produced by VEC model were used in the study. After those econometrics and economics analysis, this paper put forward that there is a long run relationship between some macroeconomic variables and capital flight.The results show external debt, foreign direct investment inflows, and foreign reserves to be the major effector of capital flight.

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CHEHABEDDINE, Mohammed R., and Manuela TVARONAVIČIENĖ. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN RESISTING ECOLOGICAL THREATS." In International Scientific Conference „Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2021.594.

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Purpose – this paper aims to ground an extended model of sustainable regional development, which would serve as an instrument to estimate and, ultimately, minimize the harmful impact of ecological threats on sustainable economic development. Research methodology – Ecological Carrying Capacity (ECC) concept needs to be applied; chosen “COVID19” is as a valid sample of ecological pressure on regions to study its harmful impact on one of the ecological resource “GDP” for the vital group G20 countries that control 75% of the world’s GDP. Secondary data were collected from the Passport database’s Macro model for evaluations and predictions. Findings – GDP drop due to COVID19 in developed countries is higher than the developing countries of the G20 group, indicating the need to utilize the global sustainability EGB model instead of the SLB model. Research limitations – considering one macro model indicator (GDP), which could be enhanced by including other indicators. Practical implications – the obtained results promote a consistent reaction pattern of GDP growth with ecological threats in differently developed countries to devise economic policies on how to mitigate these threats’ globally. Originality/Value – previous studies mainly focused on identifying ecological threats, whereas our study studied how to measure these threats’ harmful impact on countries’ economies.

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Narula, Ram G. "Alternative Fuels for Gas Turbine Plants — An Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contractor’s Perspective." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-122.

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Tightly regulated and state-controlled utilities are rapidly changing into a competitive, market-driven industry, as private power development is being actively pursued worldwide. Accelerated economic growth in developing countries has fueled a massive growth in the power sector. Gas turbine based power plants have become an attractive option; however, many of these developing countries have limited supplies of conventional gas turbine fuels, namely natural gas or distillate oil. Therefore, power developers are seeking alternative fuels. This paper discusses the balance-of-plant (BOP) considerations and economics of using alternative fuels such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, and crude/heavy oils.

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Tekgül, Yelda, and Mehmet Fatih Cin. "The Rise and Fall of the Washington/Post Washington Consensus as a Neoclassical Paradigm and Alternative Recommendations of Post Keynesians Economics." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01107.

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The Washington Consensus was accepted as common wisdom on policies for development and growth. The set of policies of the Washington Consensus was applied to structural crisis in Latin America and developing economies. Williamson identified 10 policy instruments whose proper deployment Washington could muster a reasonable degree of consensus. Williamson summarizes the content of the Washington Consensus as macroeconomic prudence, outward orientation, domestic liberalization, and free market policies consistent with neoclassical mainstream economic theory. The policy set was modified to the point that Williamson substituted the original name with a new label “Post Washington Consensus. The “Post Washington Consensus” designated a “new set of policy reforms” for Latin America and Developing Countries. The aim of this paper is to compare the two sets of controversial policies, the “Washington Consensus” and “Post Washington Consensus” and offer an alternative based on the Post Keynesian framework. The goal of Post Keynesian framework is the promotion of sensible prudent economic and social development that is equitable, stable and sustainable. The main purpose of the Post Keynesian policy framework proposed in this paper is to go beyond the Post Washington Consensus by emphasizing the importance of a possible new direction for economic policy for developing countries.

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Ersungur, Ş. Mustafa, Aslı Cansın Doker, and Adem Türkmen. "Beta Convergence Analysis on Transition Economies: 1991-2011." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00970.

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Owing to Solow’s neo-classical the convergence hypothesis, which explains underdeveloped and developing countries grew faster than any of these developed countries have acknowledged that captures the level of per capita income, was added to the economic growth and development literature. Despite, theoretically there are two different approaches in convergence analysis; real and conditional, it cannot be said generalizing empirical results for both. Accordingly, 29 transition economies which tried to cross from the planned economic system into liberal economic system, is subjected to this study. Convergence have been analysed on transition economies between 1991 and 2011 using the growth rate of per capita income as variables by cross-sectional data analysis. In this study, additionally to real convergence, obtaining from the KOF index of economics, political and social integration and openness data were included the model as dummy variables for examining conditional convergence. Depending on empirical results on real and conditional convergence analysis, the convergence hypothesis is accepted. It is identified that Cambodia, Vietnam and China especially have caught up with faster growth comparing with other transition economies; however, those countries have shown weaker convergence than others. On the other hand, Kirghizstan and Tajikistan, which are known as mostly having the effects of transition recessions, have negative growth rates, and those countries have been diverging from other countries’ growth performance. From findings obtained within conditional convergence, it is examined while political liberalisation and openness variables have been accepted significantly; the economic and social liberalization variables have no significant effect on convergence.

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Murat, Sedat, Sefer Şener, and Burcu Kılınç Savrul. "The Role of Economic Integration in Trade Openness: The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization Case." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00832.

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Trade liberalization is one of the greatest economic arguments of the economics and it is claimed that trade openness is a crucial phenomenon for the well-being of nations since Adam Smith. Although various practices have been seen in different parts of the world in the history, from 1980s trade liberalization movements have been the dominant trend. However liberalization of trade in developing countries brought debates in economic literature and it is argued that open trade can have catastrophic effects instead of providing growth and welfare to the practitioner countries. In this study if The Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization had contributed the member states to liberalize their trade has been investigated. The changes in the rates of inward and outward investment, import, export, population and labour force of the member countries during the establishment period of the Organization has been evaluated. The data is collected from Worldbank National Accounts Database, IMF World Economic Outlook and Balance of Payments Database and UNCTAD. The results of the study has shown that although the establishment of the organization had positive effect on investment and trade flows of the countries, it had no effect on labour flows of the member states.

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