Academic literature on the topic 'Endometrium'
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Journal articles on the topic "Endometrium"
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Arai, Y., and M. Nishida. "Differential diagnosis between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia with immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 13, no. 1 (2003): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200301000-00008.
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We have previously reported that both endometrial cancer and endometrial hyperplasia stain positively for the anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas normal endometrium does not. Endometrial hyperplasia is a premalignant change associated with the eventual development of endometrial carcinoma. However, it can be difficult to differentiate hyperplasia from normal endometrium in cytology. This study illustrates the use of immunocytochemical cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody to differentiate between endometrial hyperplasia and normal endometrium. Immunostaining using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody was performed on cytologic specimens obtained from 17 normal endometria, 25 endometria with endometrial hyperplasia, and 13 endometria with endometrial carcinoma. All normal endometria displayed negative staining for anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas all endometria with endometrial carcinoma displayed positive staining. Of the endometrial hyperplasia cases, 21 displayed positive staining. However, four displayed negative staining due to the small number of cells available for diagnosis. We believe that immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody is a useful method for differentiating between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia.
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Suda, Kazuaki, Hirofumi Nakaoka, Kosuke Yoshihara, Tatsuya Ishiguro, Sosuke Adachi, Hiroaki Kase, Teiichi Motoyama, Ituro Inoue, and Takayuki Enomoto. "Different mutation profiles between epithelium and stroma in endometriosis and normal endometrium." Human Reproduction 34, no. 10 (October 2019): 1899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez155.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Are there common mutation profiles between epithelial and stromal cells in ovarian endometriotic tissue and the normal endometrium? SUMMARY ANSWER Our study revealed no common mutations between epithelial and stromal cells in ovarian endometriotic tissue and the normal endometrium. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Epithelial cells in both ovarian endometriotic tissue and the normal endometrium harbor somatic mutations in cancer-associated genes such as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS). STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed a retrospective study to identify the mutation profiles of stromal cells in endometriotic tissue and the normal endometrium. We collected 11 endometriotic stroma samples and 10 normal endometrial stroma samples between 2013 and 2017 at a tertiary care center. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The laser microdissection method was used to obtain stromal cells in ovarian endometriotic and normal endometrial tissues from patients with ovarian endometriosis and/or other non-invasive gynecological diseases. Target gene sequencing was performed to assess and compare the mutation profiles of stromal cells with those of epithelial cells obtained in our previous study. For target gene sequencing, 76 genes were selected based on previous genomic analyses for ovarian endometriosis, normal endometrium, endometriosis-related ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Stromal samples in ovarian endometrioma and normal endometrium harbor somatic mutations (18 mutations in 11 endometriosis samples and 16 mutations in 10 normal endometrial samples) but did not share any mutations with paired epithelial samples. The mutant allele frequency of stromal samples was significantly lower than that of epithelial samples in ovarian endometrioma (P = 6.0 × 10-11) and normal endometrium (P = 1.4 × 10-7). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The number of genes evaluated in the mutational analysis was limited. Additionally, the functional roles of somatic mutations in stromal cells remain unclear. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Different mutation profiles between paired epithelial and stromal cells in both ovarian endometrioma and normal endometrium suggest that origins of epithelial and stromal cells would be independent of each other in both normal endometrium and ovarian endometrioma; however, the theory of epithelial-mesenchymal transition is proposed in ovarian endometrioma. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI grant number JP15H02373 (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research A for I.I.), JP16H06267 (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists A for K.Y.), JP17K08688 (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research C for H.N.) and JP16H06279 (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas—Platforms for Advanced Technologies and Research Resources for H.N. and K.Y). There are no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.
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ÖZKARA, S. K., and A. ÇORAKÇI. "FHIT expression in neoplastic, hyperplastic, and normal endometrium." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 15, no. 6 (November 2005): 1081–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200511000-00011.
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Fragile histidine triad (FHIT), a candidate of tumor suppressor protein, expression was examined on paraffin-embedded specimens in proliferative, secretory, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human endometrium by immunohistochemistry. The results of FHIT immunoreactivity in endometrial carcinomas were compared with prognostic indicators as well as with p53 overexpression. Forty-four cases of endometrial carcinoma, 30 normal functional (15 proliferative, 15 secretory), and 24 hyperplastic endometrium (12 without atypia, 12 with atypia) specimens were studied using polyclonal FHIT antibody. The streptavidin–biotin–peroxidase detection system was used, and the intensity and the distribution of immunoreactivity were evaluated semiquantitatively. There were no significant differences in FHIT expression in the proliferative, secretory, hyperplastic, either with or without atypia, or carcinomatous endometria. No significant difference in FHIT expression of endometrial carcinomas was detected when prognostic parameters or p53 overexpression were considered. Loss or reduced FHIT expression was not found to predict disease-free or cumulative survivals. This study showed that loss or reduction in FHIT protein expression is present in normal functional and hyperplastic endometria as well as in neoplastic endometrium. FHIT protein seems not to be involved directly in endometrial carcinogenesis, but rather, it regulates cell proliferation both in physiologic and in pathologic conditions of endometrium.
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Kathuria, Priyanka. "#331 : Bilateral Endometriomas Masquerading Synchronous Endometrial and Ovarian Cancer (SEOC) in an Infertile Female." Fertility & Reproduction 05, no. 04 (December 2023): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2661318223742753.
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Background and Aims: Endometriomas are diagnosed in clinical practice by imaging (mostly ultrasound) in females presenting with infertility. CA-125 level is an adjuvant investigation which may be indicative of endometriosis. A few research questions that are yet to be answered. Is ultrasound a sufficient modality to diagnose endometrioma? Is there any cut off as far as the measurement of endometrioma is concerned to step up the imaging modality to MRI? Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC) is a rare phenomenon with an incidence of 1.4 - 3.8%. Mostly in SEOC, the ovarian endometroid carcinoma arises in background of endometriosis with endometrial carcinoma of lower stage and grade in premenopausal age group. Method: A 32-year-old female with Severe Dysmenorrhea and Secondary infertility had clinical evidence of bilateral endometriomas of 4-5 cm on ultrasound. She underwent hysterolaparoscopy. On hysteroscopy, endometrium was polypoidal and vascular, looking suspicious for malignancy. Hence endometrial biopsy was taken. On laparoscopy, B/L ovaries were enlarged, multiloculated, solid-cystic with granular surface and adhered in POD, decision for staging laparotomy with frozen section was taken. Frozen section was suggestive of Borderline tumor. Eventually, fertility sparing surgical staging was done (BSO + infracolic omentectomy + peritoneal biopsies). Peritoneal cytology was negative for malignant cells. Results: Histopathological examination revealed Endometriod adenocarcinoma grade 1a/1a in both endometrial and ovarian components with no involvement of omentum and peritoneum. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated P53 to be moderately positive in endometrium and strongly positive in ovary, whereas ER, PR was positive in both tumors of endometrium and ovary and WT-1 negative in ovaries. Hence diagnosed as SEOC and not metastatic tumor. Mirena was inserted in follow up and repeat biopsy is awaited. Conclusion: Suspicion of ovarian endometroid carcinoma must born in mind in cases with large bilateral endometriomas with long-standing endometriosis.
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Waiyaput, Wanwisa, Ongarj Bovornsakulvong, Srithean Lertvikool, and Areepan Sophonsritsuk. "The Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills on Beclin-1 and LC3B Transcript Levels in Ovarian Endometrioma." BioMed Research International 2021 (June 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5519538.
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Background. Autophagy is likely altered in patients with endometriosis. Ovarian steroid hormones seem to affect this changing of the autophagic process. Objective. To study the effect of combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills on the expression of autophagic-related gene BECN1 and LC3B in the ectopic and eutopic endometria of patients with endometriosis. Material and Methods. The present quasiexperimental study recruited 36 women (18–45 years old) with endometrioma and nonendometrioma who were scheduled for surgery. Patients with endometrioma were randomly assigned to either a no-treatment group ( n = 12 ) or a COC group ( n = 12 ). The COC group was prescribed a daily oral pill composed of 3 mg drospirenone and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol for 6 weeks before surgery. The control group ( n = 12 ) was composed of women without endometrioma. Ectopic endometriotic and endometrium tissues were collected from the no-treatment and COC groups, whereas the only endometrium was collected from the control group. These tissues were used for real-time PCR to measure the expression of the BECN1 and LC3B genes. Results. The baseline demographic data were not different among the three groups. The BECN1 gene expression in endometrium tissue in the COC group was significantly less than that in the no-treatment and control groups ( P = 0.011 and 0.029, respectively). No significant difference of endometriotic cyst BECN1 and LC3B gene expression was found between COC and no treatment. Conclusions. Oral COC pills for 6 weeks continuously before surgery decreased the eutopic endometrial expression (mRNA) of the BECN1 gene compared to those from healthy normal women and nontreated patients with an endometriotic cyst. The change in the expression of autophagy-related genes was more distinct in eutopic than ectopic endometria. This trial is registered with TCTR20170720002. Registered and enrolled the first patient on 20 July 2017.
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Liu, Xiaorui, Lei Zhang, Jiuzeng Cui, Sicheng Che, Yuexia Liu, Yue Zhang, Binyun Cao, and Yuxuan Song. "The mRNA and lncRNA landscape of the non-pregnant endometrium during the oestrus cycle in dairy goat." Animal Production Science 59, no. 10 (2019): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18426.
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Cyclic changes in the endometrium are essential for embryo implantation in mammals; many studies report that such changes constitute a complex process involving numerous molecular mediators. In the present study, goat endometria at oestrus Day 5 and oestrus Day 15 were selected to systematically analyse the transcriptome using strand-specific Ribo-Zero RNA sequencing. Over 120 million high-quality paired-end reads were generated and 440400 transcripts were identified in the endometrial tissue of dairy goats. In total, 489 differentially expressed mRNAs and 854 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs were identified when comparing the endometrium at goat endometria at oestrus Day 5 and oestrus Day 15. Neurotensin was found to play a potentially important role in the non-pregnant goat endometrium during the oestrus cycle. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of the cis-target genes of the differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs showed that GO:0005198 (structural molecule activity) and ko04510 (focal adhesion) might be involved in cyclic endometrial changes. Taken together, the resulting transcriptomic profiles elucidate global trends in mRNA and lncRNA expression in non-pregnant endometria during the oestrus cycle in dairy goats.
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Quddus, M. Ruhul, Predrag Latkovich, William J. Castellani, C. James Sung, Margaret M. Steinhoff, Robert C. Briggs, and Roberto N. Miranda. "Expression of Cyclin D1 in Normal, Metaplastic, Hyperplastic Endometrium and Endometrioid Carcinoma Suggests a Role in Endometrial Carcinogenesis." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 126, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2002-126-0459-eocdin.
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Abstract Context.—Endometrioid carcinoma is often preceded by characteristic histopathologic lesions known as endometrial hyperplasia. Estrogen appears to be involved in the development of endometrioid carcinoma. Other mechanisms of endometrial carcinogenesis include mutations in p53 and PTEN tumor suppressor genes and overexpression of cyclin D1. However, the pattern of cyclin D1 expression is not well defined in normal, hyperplastic, neoplastic, and metaplastic endometrium. Design.—Cyclin D1 immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate 108 fixed, paraffin-embedded endometrial biopsy specimens and uterine resections obtained from 108 patients. Specimens included proliferative and secretory endometria, simple and complex hyperplastic lesions, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Normal and metaplastic surface epithelia were also evaluated independently of glandular morphologic features. Results.—Cyclin D1 was significantly overexpressed in glands with complex hyperplasia and endometrioid adenocarcinoma compared with proliferative or secretory endometrium and simple hyperplasia. Significant overexpression was also noted in papillary, syncytial, and squamous metaplasias compared with normal surface epithelium or epithelium with tubal metaplasia. Conclusion.—Overexpression of cyclin D1 increases from normal endometrium to hyperplasia and carcinoma, suggesting that it may play a role in endometrial carcinogenesis. Overexpression of cyclin D1 in endometrial glands was independent from overexpression of cyclin D1 in surface metaplastic epithelium.
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S.M. Mammadova. "Postmenopauzal dövrdə endometriumun, yumurtalıqların, uşaqlıq boynunun xərçəngində reproduktiv exoqrafik göstəricilərinin xüsusiyyətləri." Actual Questions of Modern Gynecology and Perinatology 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28942/mgpam.v7i1.1.
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Tədqiqatın məqsədi: endometrial, yumurtalıq və uşaqlıq boynu xərçəngi olan xəstələrdə reproduktiv sistem orqanlarının ekoqrafik göstəricilərinin xüsusiyyətlərini öyrənmək.Material və tədqiqat metodları. Reproduktiv sistem orqanlarının xərçəngi olan 35 xəstə müayinə edildi. Bunlardan 20-si (% 57.1) klinik, funksional, hormonal, biyokimyəvi, radioloji, morfoloji tədqiqat metodlarına əsasən endometrial xərçəngə, 7-də (% 20) yumurtalıq xərçəngi, 8-də (% 22.9) uşaqlıq boynu xərçəngi var.Tədqiqat nəticələri. Tədqiqat nəticəsində, postmenopozal dövrdə endometrium xərçəngi olan xəstələrdə, serviksin ekoqrafik ölçülərində komplikasiyasız postmenopozal dövrü olan qadınlarda analoji göstəricilərlə müqayisədə azalma və patoloji artım olduğu aşkar edildi. uşaqlıq boşluğunda bir təhsil olması ilə endometriumun qalınlığı. Yumurtalıq xərçəngində, yumurtalıqların ekografik göstəricilərində və uşaqlıq boynu xərçəngində endometrium qalınlığında statistik olaraq əhəmiyyətli bir artım olmuşdur.Uşaqlıq boynu xərçəngində uşaqlıq və yumurtalıqların ekoqrafik göstəriciləri, endometriumun qalınlığının artması və qeyri-bərabər konturlarla homojen olmayan bir tutarlılığın əmələ gəlməsi ilə postmenopozal dövrünün ağırlaşmamış gedişatının oxşar göstəriciləri idi.
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Bukulmez, Orhan, Daniel B. Hardy, Bruce R. Carr, R. Ann Word, and Carole R. Mendelson. "Inflammatory Status Influences Aromatase and Steroid Receptor Expression in Endometriosis." Endocrinology 149, no. 3 (November 29, 2007): 1190–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0665.
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Aberrant up-regulation of aromatase in eutopic endometrium and implants from women with endometriosis has been reported. Aromatase induction may be mediated by increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Recently, we demonstrated that progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B serve an antiinflammatory role in the uterus by antagonizing nuclear factor κB activation and COX-2 expression. PR-C, which antagonizes PR-B, is up-regulated by inflammation. Although estrogen receptor α (ERα) is implicated in endometriosis, an antiinflammatory role of ERβ has been suggested. We examined stage-specific expression of aromatase, COX-2, ER, and PR isoform expression in eutopic endometrium, implants, peritoneum, and endometrioma samples from endometriosis patients. Endometrial and peritoneal biopsies were obtained from unaffected women and those with fibroids. Aromatase expression in eutopic endometrium from endometriosis patients was significantly increased compared with controls. Aromatase expression in endometriosis implants was markedly increased compared with eutopic endometrium. Aromatase mRNA levels were increased significantly in red implants relative to black implants and endometrioma cyst capsule. Moreover, COX-2 expression was increased in implants and in eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis as compared with control endometrium. As observed for aromatase mRNA, the highest levels of COX-2 mRNA were found in red implants. The ratio of ERβ/ERα mRNA was significantly elevated in endometriomas compared with endometriosis implants and eutopic endometrium. Expression of PR-C mRNA relative to PR-A and PR-B mRNA was significantly increased in endometriomas compared with eutopic and control endometrium. PR-A protein was barely detectable in endometriomas. Thus, whereas PR-C may enhance disease progression, up-regulation of ERβ may play an antiinflammatory and opposing role.
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Song, Gwonhwa, Thomas E. Spencer, and Fuller W. Bazer. "Cathepsins in the Ovine Uterus: Regulation by Pregnancy, Progesterone, and Interferon Tau." Endocrinology 146, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 4825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-0768.
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Cathepsins (CTS) are peptidases that have biological roles in degrading extracellular matrix, catabolism of intracellular proteins, and processing of prohormones. Expression of CTSB, CTSD, CTSH, CTSK, CTSL, CTSS, and CTSZ genes was detected in the endometria of cyclic and early pregnant ewes with distinct temporal and spatial expression patterns. In the d 18 and 20 conceptus, expression of CTSB, CTSD, CTSL, and CTSZ mRNA was detected in the trophectoderm. Of particular note, CTSL mRNA was the most abundant CTS mRNA in the ovine endometrium and detected only in the luminal epithelium and superficial glandular epithelium of cyclic and pregnant ewes. CTSL mRNA increased 8-fold between d 10 and 18 in endometria of pregnant ewes, whereas it declined between d 14 and 16 in cyclic ewes. CTSL protein was also detected in conceptus trophectoderm, and pro-CTSL was detected in uterine flushings from ewes between d 12 and 16 of pregnancy. In ovariectomized and catheterized ewes, CTSL mRNA in the endometrium was increased by progesterone and intrauterine injections of ovine interferon (IFN)τ. Other endometrial CTS genes were also regulated by progesterone alone (CTSB, CTSK, CTSS, and CTSZ) or progesterone and IFNτ (CTSH, CTSK, CTSS, and CTSZ). These results indicate that CTS of endometrial and conceptus origin may regulate endometrial remodeling and conceptus implantation, endometrial CTS genes are regulated by ovarian and placental hormones, and CTSL is a novel IFNτ-stimulated gene expressed only in luminal epithelium and superficial glandular epithelium of the endometrium.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Endometrium"
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Wang, Yiying, Yue Wang, Jie Li, Janiel Cragun, Kenneth Hatch, Setsuko Chambers, and Wenxin Zheng. "Lynch syndrome related endometrial cancer: clinical significance beyond the endometrium." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610184.
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Lynch syndrome (LS), an autosomal dominant inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome, also known as hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), is caused by a germline mutation in one of several DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. LS is the most common presentation of hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC), accounting for about 2-5% of all CRC cases. More recently, it is found that a similar number of endometrial cancers is also due to one of the MMR gene mutations. There has been significant progress in LS-related CRC in terms of molecular pathogenesis, risks, genetic basis, and cancer prevention. In contrast, the advance about LS-related endometrial cancer (EC) is very much limited. In this commentary, we summarize the main clinicopathologic features of LS-related EC and propose universal screening for LS in individuals with endometrial cancer.
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Gatius, Calderó Sònia. "Alteracions metabolòmiques en el càncer d'endometri." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668709.
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El càncer d’endometri és la neoplàsia ginecològica més freqüent en els països desenvolupats. Malgrat que la majoria dels carcinomes són curables amb un tractament adequat, al voltant del 20% dels tumors es comporten de forma agressiva i suposen un repte terapèutic. És per aquest motiu que sorgeix la necessitat d’identificar nous paràmetres per tal de seleccionar pacients amb risc de recidiva o metàstasi.
La cèl•lula eucariota presenta canvis en el seu metabolisme com a resposta coordinada a diferents situacions fisiològiques i patològiques, entre elles el càncer. L’anàlisi del metaboloma, mitjançant la metabolòmica, pot permetre identificar metabòlits diferencials que representen el producte final de les vies de senyalització que estan alterades en el càncer. Per aquest motiu hem volgut realitzar una anàlisi metabolòmica del càncer d’endometri. A més a més, per tal de validar els resultats i traslladar-los a la pràctica clínica s’han avaluat els nivells d’expressió dels metabòlits diferencials més significatius en arrays de teixit (TMAs).
En primer lloc, els resultats han mostrat que el procés de carcinogènesi del càncer d’endometri defineix un perfil metabolòmic específic. Els resultats suggereixen que la via dels endocannabinoides pot estar implicada en la gènesi i progressió del carcinoma endometrioide. Així mateix, l’alteració del metabolisme de les purines pot estar implicada en fenòmens d’invasió miometrial en el càncer d’endometri.
En segon lloc, l’estudi metabolòmic ha mostrat un perfil diferencial entre carcinomes endometrioides i serosos. A més a més, ha permès identificar dues molècules, ADI1 i BCAT1, que poden estar implicades en la gènesi de les neoplàsies endometrioides i en la progressió tumoral. Així mateix, aquests compostos poden ajudar a establir el diagnòstic diferencial entre aquests dos subtipus histològics amb pronòstics molt diferents.
Finalment, partint de la premissa que l’angiogènesi és un mecanisme essencial per al creixement, invasió i disseminació tumoral i que els carcinomes d’endometri amb flux sanguini intratumoral disminuït tenen pitjor pronòstic, s’ha analitzat el perfil metabolòmic del càncer d’endometri en funció del seu flux sanguini. El resultats mostren un perfil metabolòmic específic dels tumors segons el seu flux sanguini i permeten identificar Resolvina D i fosfolípids específics diferencials entre tumors d’alt i baix flux sanguini. Aquestes molècules poden estar implicades en l’angiogènesi i progressió tumoral en el càncer d’endometri.El cáncer de endometrio es la neoplasia ginecológica más frecuente en los países desarrollados. A pesar de que la mayoría de los carcinomas son curables con un tratamiento adecuado, alrededor del 20% de los tumores se comportan de forma agresiva y suponen un reto terapéutico. Por este motivo surge la necesidad de identificar nuevos parámetros que permitan seleccionar pacientes con riesgo de recidiva o metástasis. La célula eucariota presenta cambios en su metabolismo como respuesta coordinada a diferentes situaciones fisiológicas y patológicas, entre ellas el cáncer. El análisis del metaboloma, mediante la metabolómica, puede ayudar a identificar metabolitos diferenciales que representan el producto final de las vías de señalización que están alteradas en el cáncer. Por esta razón hemos querido realizar un análisis metabolómico del cáncer de endometrio. Además, para la validación de los resultados y su translación a la práctica clínica se han evaluado los niveles de expresión de los metabolitos diferenciales más significativos en arrays de tejido (TMAs). En primer lugar, los resultados han mostrado que el proceso de carcinogénesis del cáncer de endometrio define un perfil metabolómico específico. Los resultados sugieren que la vía de los endocannabinoides puede estar implicada en la génesis y progresión del carcinoma endometrioide. Además, la alteración del metabolismo de las purinas puede estar implicada en fenómenos de invasión miometrial en el cáncer de endometrio. En segundo lugar, el estudio metabolómico ha mostrado un perfil diferencial entre carcinomas endometrioides y serosos. Además ha permitido identificar dos moléculas, ADI1 i BCAT1, que pueden estar implicadas en la génesis de las neoplasias endometrioides así como en la progresión tumoral. Asimismo, estos dos compuestos pueden ser útiles en el diagnóstico diferencial de estos dos subtipos histológicos con pronósticos tan distintos. Finalmente, partiendo de la base que la angiogénesis es un mecanismo esencial para el crecimiento, invasión y diseminación tumoral y que los carcinomas de endometrio con flujo sanguíneo intratumoral disminuido tienen peor pronóstico, se ha analizado el perfil metabolómico del cáncer de endometrio en función de su flujo sanguíneo. Los resultados muestran un perfil metabolómico específico de los tumores según su flujo sanguíneo y permiten identificar Resolvina D i fosfolípidos específicos diferenciales entre tumores de alto y bajo flujo sanguíneo. Estas moléculas pueden estar implicadas en la angiogénesis y progresión tumoral en el cáncer de endometrio.
Endometrial cancer is the most frequent gynecological malignancy in developed countries. Although most carcinomas are curable with adequate treatment, about 20% of tumors behave aggressively and pose a therapeutic challenge. For this reason, there is a need to identify new parameters that allow the selection of a patient with risk of recurrence or metastasis. The eukaryotic cell presents changes in its metabolism as a coordinated response to different physiological and pathological situations, including cancer. The analysis of the metabolome, through metabolomics, can help identify differential metabolites that represent the final product of the signaling pathways that are altered in cancer. For this reason we wanted to perform a metabolomic analysis of endometrial cancer. In addition, for the validation of the results and their translation to clinical practice, the expression levels of the most significant differential metabolites have been evaluated using tissue arrays (TMAs). First, the results have shown that the process of carcinogenesis of endometrial cancer defines a specific metabolomic profile. The results suggest that the endocannabinoid pathway may be involved in the genesis and progression of endometrioid carcinoma. In addition, the alteration of the purine metabolism may be involved in myometrial invasion phenomens in endometrial cancer. Second, the metabolomic study has shown a differential profile between endometrioid and serous carcinomas and has allowed the identification of two molecules, ADI1 and BCAT1, which may be involved in the genesis of endometrioid neoplasms as well as in tumor progression. Likewise, these two compounds can be useful in the differential diagnosis of these two histological subtypes with such different prognoses. Finally, starting from the basis that angiogenesis is an essential mechanism for tumor growth, invasion and dissemination and that endometrial carcinomas with decreased intratumoral blood flow have a worse prognosis, the metabolomic profile of endometrial carcinoma has been analysed according to its blood flow. The results show a specific metabolomic profile of the tumors according to their blood flow and allow identifying Resolvin D and specific phospholipids differentials between high and low blood flow tumors. These molecules may be involved in angiogenesis and tumor progression in endometrial cancer.
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Dahmoun, Marju. "Apoptosis, proliferation, and sex steroid receptors in endometrium and endometrial carcinoma." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-112.
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Dias, Daniel Spadoto [UNESP]. "Avaliação histeroscópica e imuno-histoquímica dos pólipos endometriais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106366.
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Pólipos endometriais são neoformações resultantes da hipertrofia focal da camada basal do endométrio associada a um hiperestímulo hormonal. Sua etiopatogenia ainda não está bem estabelecida, não havendo consenso sobre sua história natural, seu real significado como entidade patológica e sua relação com a neoplasia endometrial. Os pólipos endometriais são a principal indicação de histeroscopia cirúrgica, sem que haja, no entanto, protocolo estabelecido para seu melhor manejo. Apresentar um panorama sobre esta condição pode auxiliar na busca em traçar indicadores para seu tratamento adequado. Avaliar os dados histeroscópicos e o perfil imuno-histoquímico dos pólipos endometriais de mulheres acompanhadas no Setor de Endoscopia Ginecológica da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP. Trata-se de estudo clínico de avaliação prospectiva e transversal com amostra de conveniência de 82 mulheres, submetidas à polipectomia histeroscópica cirúrgica, e 20 mulheres, submetidas à cirurgia oncológica devido à neoplasia endometrial, entre o período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. Foram analisados parâmetros clínicos, ultrassonográficos, histeroscópicos, histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos dos pólipos endometriais e do câncer de endométrio. Para estudo estatístico das variáveis quantitativas considerou-se o teste t de Student para amostras independentes, e o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Para as variáveis qualitativas utilizou-se o teste de Goodman para contrastes entre e dentro de populações multinomiais, tendo sido adotado o nível de 5% de significância. Na comparação entre biópsias endometriais ambulatoriais, orientada e dirigida, a sensibilidade da biópsia dirigida no diagnóstico dos pólipos endometriais variou de 35,3% a 36,8%, quando realizada no ápice e na base da lesão...
Endometrial polyps are focal neoformation resulting from hypertrophy of the basal layer of the endometrium associated with a hormonal hyperstimulation. Its pathogenesis is not well established, there is no consensus about its natural history, its real significance as a disease and its relationship to endometrial neoplasia. The endometrial polyps are the main indication of hysteroscopic surgery, without a defined protocol for its better management. Presenting an overview of this condition can aid in tracing indicators for its proper treatment. To evaluate hysteroscopic features and the immunohistochemical profile of endometrial polyps in women followed by the Gynecological Endoscopy Sector from Botucatu Medical School - UNESP. This is a clinical study with a prospective and cross-sectional analysis with convenience sample of 82 women who underwent surgical hysteroscopic polypectomy and 20 women undergoing oncological surgery due to endometrial cancer, between January 2010 to December 2011. We analyzed the clinical, sonographic, hysteroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical parameters of endometrial polyps and the cancer of endometrium. For statistical analysis of quantitative variables we considered the Student's t test for independent samples and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. For qualitative variables we used the Goodman test for contrasts between and within multinomial populations, being adopted the 5% level of significance. In comparison of outpatient endometrial biopsies, guided and directed, the sensitivity of directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps ranged from 35.3% to 36.8% when performed at the apex and base of the lesion, while for the guided biopsy was 29.2%. Specificity was 33.3%, 50% and 60% respectively for each type of biopsy. The positive predictive values were 75%, 77.8% and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Dias, Daniel Spadoto. "Avaliação histeroscópica e imuno-histoquímica dos pólipos endometriais /." Botucatu, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106366.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Jorge Nahás NetoCoorientador: Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahás
Banca: Nilton José Leite
Banca: Reginaldo Guedes Coelho Lopes
Banca: Waldir Pereira Modotte
Banca: Ricardo Bassif Lasmar
Resumo: Pólipos endometriais são neoformações resultantes da hipertrofia focal da camada basal do endométrio associada a um hiperestímulo hormonal. Sua etiopatogenia ainda não está bem estabelecida, não havendo consenso sobre sua história natural, seu real significado como entidade patológica e sua relação com a neoplasia endometrial. Os pólipos endometriais são a principal indicação de histeroscopia cirúrgica, sem que haja, no entanto, protocolo estabelecido para seu melhor manejo. Apresentar um panorama sobre esta condição pode auxiliar na busca em traçar indicadores para seu tratamento adequado. Avaliar os dados histeroscópicos e o perfil imuno-histoquímico dos pólipos endometriais de mulheres acompanhadas no Setor de Endoscopia Ginecológica da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP. Trata-se de estudo clínico de avaliação prospectiva e transversal com amostra de conveniência de 82 mulheres, submetidas à polipectomia histeroscópica cirúrgica, e 20 mulheres, submetidas à cirurgia oncológica devido à neoplasia endometrial, entre o período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. Foram analisados parâmetros clínicos, ultrassonográficos, histeroscópicos, histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos dos pólipos endometriais e do câncer de endométrio. Para estudo estatístico das variáveis quantitativas considerou-se o teste t de Student para amostras independentes, e o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. Para as variáveis qualitativas utilizou-se o teste de Goodman para contrastes entre e dentro de populações multinomiais, tendo sido adotado o nível de 5% de significância. Na comparação entre biópsias endometriais ambulatoriais, orientada e dirigida, a sensibilidade da biópsia dirigida no diagnóstico dos pólipos endometriais variou de 35,3% a 36,8%, quando realizada no ápice e na base da lesão... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Endometrial polyps are focal neoformation resulting from hypertrophy of the basal layer of the endometrium associated with a hormonal hyperstimulation. Its pathogenesis is not well established, there is no consensus about its natural history, its real significance as a disease and its relationship to endometrial neoplasia. The endometrial polyps are the main indication of hysteroscopic surgery, without a defined protocol for its better management. Presenting an overview of this condition can aid in tracing indicators for its proper treatment. To evaluate hysteroscopic features and the immunohistochemical profile of endometrial polyps in women followed by the Gynecological Endoscopy Sector from Botucatu Medical School - UNESP. This is a clinical study with a prospective and cross-sectional analysis with convenience sample of 82 women who underwent surgical hysteroscopic polypectomy and 20 women undergoing oncological surgery due to endometrial cancer, between January 2010 to December 2011. We analyzed the clinical, sonographic, hysteroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical parameters of endometrial polyps and the cancer of endometrium. For statistical analysis of quantitative variables we considered the Student's t test for independent samples and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. For qualitative variables we used the Goodman test for contrasts between and within multinomial populations, being adopted the 5% level of significance. In comparison of outpatient endometrial biopsies, guided and directed, the sensitivity of directed biopsy in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps ranged from 35.3% to 36.8% when performed at the apex and base of the lesion, while for the guided biopsy was 29.2%. Specificity was 33.3%, 50% and 60% respectively for each type of biopsy. The positive predictive values were 75%, 77.8% and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Felip, Nogués Isidre. "Estudi del paper del TGF-β en la carciogènesi causada per la deficiència de PTEN." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668683.
Full textAbstract:
The TGF-β and the PI3K/Akt/mTROC1 pathways are two important regulators of the homeostasis of endometrial cellular cells. Alterations in the elements of these two pathways have been associated with endometrial carcinogenesis. On the one hand, the PI3K/Akt pathway is one of the main regulators of cell proliferation in the endometrium, this pathway is altered in a large number of endometrial tumors, both due to gain of function alterations and also because a loss of its main inhibitor, Pten. On the other hand, the TGF-/Smad pathway is also capable of regulating cell proliferation in a large number of tissues. Its role in cell regulation is controversial cause it can act as a tumor suppressor or as a powerful inducer of EMT and metastasis, depending on the cellular context on which it acts. That is why this thesis analyzes the effect of TGF- in the same cell type (endometrial epithelial cells) but in two different contexts, one in a well-polarized three-dimensional culture and another in a two-dimensional culture with poor cellular polarization.
In recent times, many interaction mechanisms have been described between these two pathways that attempt to explain the coordinated effects which occurs between the PI3K/Akt and the TGF-β pathway that regulate processes such as proliferation and cell survival. In this thesis, the effects of cellular polarity and alterations in the PI3K/Akt and the TGF-/Smad pathways have been studied in terms of proliferation and survival on endometrial epithelial cells, as well as its role in the development and progression of endometrial cancer. To achieve these objectives, genetically modified murine models and three-dimensional endometrial cell cultures have been used.
In the case of three-dimensional cultures of normal endometrial cells, TGF- is capable to induce apoptotic cell death. However, in Smad3 or Pten deficient cultures, there is a total inhibition of the apoptotic cell death induced by TGF-β and a marked increase in cell proliferation. These results support a tumor suppressor role of TGF-β when acting on endometrial cells, and that molecular alterations that affect its signaling can result in the acquisition of resistance to apoptosis and an increased cell proliferation, two of the fundamental characteristics of oncogenic processes. At a molecular level, the possible interactions between PTEN and Smads have been studied. In this terms, the results show that Smad3 directly regulates Pten transcription and, on the other hand, that PTEN regulates the activation of the Smads, establishing a regulation loop between these two pathways that control cell proliferation and tumor suppressor functions in the endometrium. In the second part of this thesis, the effects of the presence of extracellular matrix and the establishment of correct cellular polarity in relation to TGF-β effects on endometrial cells have been studied. Unlike the effects observed in three-dimensional cultures, the lack of extracellular matrix and the consequent loss of cellular polarity causes a completely different response to TGF-β addition to these cells changing the apoptotic cell response to an induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition leading a brake in cell proliferation. At a molecular level, the absence of the extracellular matrix has been shown to cause an over-activation of the PI3K/Akt and the ERK/MAPK pathways, resistance to apoptosis induced by TGF-β and a promotion of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. These results show that the correct establishment of cellular polarity due to the presence of cell matrix can act as an important tumor suppressor.La via del TGF-β i la via PI3K/Akt/mTROC1 són dos importants reguladors de l’ homeòstasi cel·lular de les cèl·lules endometrials. Alteracions en elements d’ aquestes dues vies s’ han associat a processos relacionats amb la carcinogènesi endometrial. Per una banda, la via PI3K/Akt és una de les principals reguladores de la proliferació cel·lular en l’ endometri, aquesta via es troba alterada en un gran nombre de tumors endometrials, tant per alteracions que li confereixen guany de funció com per alteracions que provoquen la pèrdua del seu principal inhibidor, Pten. Per altra banda, la via TGF-/Smad també és capaç de regular la proliferació cel·lular en un gran nombre de teixits, el seu paper en quan a aquesta regulació és controvertit ja que pot actuar tant com a supressor tumoral com a un potent inductor de l’ EMT i la metàstasis, tot depenent del context cel·lular sobre el qual actua. És per això, que en aquesta tesi s’ analitza l’ efecte del TGF- en el mateix tipus cel·lular (cèl·lules epitelials d’ endometri) però en dos contextos diferents, un en cultiu tridimensional ben polaritzat gràcies a la presència de matriu extracel·lular i un altre en cultiu bidimensional amb una polarització cel·lular deficient. En els últims temps s’ han descrit nombrosos mecanismes d’ interacció entre aquestes dues vies que intenten explicar els efectes coordinats que es donen entre la via PI3K/Akt i la del TGF- en processos tals com proliferació i supervivència cel·lular. En aquesta tesi s’ han estudiat els efectes de la polaritat cel·lular i de les alteracions en la via PI3K/Akt i TGF-/Smad en la proliferació i la supervivència de les cèl·lules epitelials d’ endometri, així com també el seu paper en el desenvolupament i la progressió del càncer endometrial. Per assolir aquests objectius s’ han utilitzat models murins genèticament modificats i cultius tridimensionals de cèl·lules endometrials. En el cas dels cultius tridimensionals de cèl·lules d’ endometri normals el TGF- és capaç d’ induir una mort cel·lular apoptòtica. En canvi, en cultius deficients en Smad3 o Pten, hi ha una inhibició total de la mort induïda per TGF- i un marcat increment de la proliferació cel·lular. Aquests resultats recolzen un paper de supressor tumoral del TGF- quan actua sobre cèl·lules d’ endometri, i que alteracions moleculars que afecten a la seva senyalització resulten en l’ adquisició de resistència a l’ apoptosi i en un increment de la proliferació cel·lular, dos de les característiques fonamentals dels processos oncogènics. A nivell molecular, s’ han estudiat les possibles interaccions entre PTEN i les Smads. En aquest sentit, els resultats demostren que, per una banda, Smad3 regula de forma directa la transcripció de Pten i, per una altra banda, que PTEN regula l’ activació de les Smads, establint-se així un bucle de regulació entre ambdues vies que controla la proliferació cel·lular i condiciona la funció de supressor tumoral en l’ endometri. En la segona part d’ aquesta tesi, s’ han estudiat els efectes de la presència de matriu extracel·lular i l’ establiment d’ una correcta polaritat cel·lular en relació amb els efectes del TGF- en cèl·lules endometrials. A diferència del efectes observats en cultius tridimensionals, la manca de matriu extracel·lular i la conseqüent pèrdua de la polaritat cel·lular fa que l’ addició del TGF- en aquestes cèl·lules canviï completament la resposta cel·lular apoptòtica per una inducció de la transició epiteli-mesènquima i una frenada en la proliferació. A nivell molecular, s’ ha demostrat que l’ absència de matriu extracel·lular causa una sobre-activació de les vies PI3K/Akt i ERK/MAPK, resistència a l’ apoptosi induïda pel TGF- i una promoció de la transició epiteli-mesènquima. Aquests resultats demostren que el correcte establiment de la polaritat cel·lular gràcies a la presència de matriu extracel·lular pot actuar com a un important supressor tumoral.
La vía del TGF-β y la vía PI3K/Akt/mTROC1 son dos importantes reguladores de la homeostasis celular de las células endometriales. Alteraciones en elementos de estas dos vías se han asociado a procesos relacionados con la carcinogénesis endometrial. Por un lado, la vía PI3K/Akt es uno de los reguladores principales de la proliferación celular en el endometrio, esta vía se encuentra alterada en un gran número de tumores endometriales, bien por alteraciones que le confieren ganancia de función como también por alteraciones que provocan la pérdida de su principal inhibidor, Pten. Por otra parte, la vía TGF-/Smad también es capaz de regular la proliferación celular en un gran número de tejidos, su papel en esta regulación es controvertido ya que puede actuar tanto como supresor tumoral o como un potente inductor de la EMT y la metástasis, dependiendo del contexto celular en el que actúa. Es debido a esta dicotomía, que en esta tesis se analiza el efecto del TGF- sobre el mismo tipo celular (células epiteliales endometriales) pero en dos contextos diferentes, uno en cultivo tridimensional bien polarizado y otro en cultivo bidimensional con una polarización celular deficiente. En los últimos tiempos se han descrito numerosos mecanismos de interacción entre estas dos vías que intentan explicar los efectos coordinados que se dan entre la vía PI3K/Akt y la del TGF- en procesos tales como proliferación y supervivencia celular. En esta tesis se han estudiado los efectos de la polaridad celular y de las alteraciones en la vía PI3K/Akt y TGF-/Smad en la proliferación y la supervivencia de las células epiteliales de endometrio, así como también su papel en el desarrollo y progresión del cáncer endometrial. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, se han utilizado modelos murinos genéticamente modificados y cultivos tridimensionales de células endometriales. En el caso de los cultivos tridimensionales de células de endometrio normales el TGF- es capaz de inducir una muerte celular apoptótica. En cambio, en cultivos deficientes en Smad3 o Pten, hay una inhibición total de la muerte inducida por TGF- y un marcado incremento de la proliferación celular. Estos resultados apoyan un papel de supresor tumoral del TGF- cuando actúa sobre células de endometrio, así como el hecho que alteraciones moleculares que afectan a su señalización resultan en la adquisición de resistencia a la apoptosis y en un incremento de la proliferación celular, dos de las características fundamentales de los procesos oncogénicos. A nivel molecular, se han estudiado las posibles interacciones entre PTEN y las Smads. En este sentido, los resultados demuestran que Smad3 regula de forma directa la transcripción de Pten y, por otra parte, que PTEN regula la activación de las Smads, estableciéndose así un bucle de regulación entre ambas vías que controla la proliferación celular y condiciona la función de supresor tumoral en el endometrio. En la segunda parte de esta tesis, se han estudiado los efectos de la presencia de matriz extracelular y el establecimiento de una correcta polaridad celular en relación con los efectos del TGF- en células endometriales. A diferencia de los efectos observados en cultivos tridimensionales, la falta de matriz extracelular y la consecuente pérdida de la polaridad celular hace que la adición del TGF- en estas células cambie completamente la respuesta celular apoptótica por una inducción de la transición epitelio-mesénquima y provoque una parada en la proliferación. A nivel molecular, se ha demostrado que la ausencia de matriz extracelular causa una sobre-activación de las vías PI3K/Akt y ERK/MAPK, resistencia a la apoptosis inducida por TGF- y una promoción de la transición epitelio-mesénquima. Estos resultados demuestran que el correcto establecimiento de la polaridad celular gracias a la presencia de matriz extracelular puede actuar como un importante supresor tumoral.
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Wahab, May A. "Trimegestone and the endometrium." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29620.
Full textAbstract:
The health benefits of long term postmenopausal HRT are well recognised, but the re-initiation of cyclical bleeding, especially when irregular or heavy, has a profound impact on continuation rates. In this thesis, this clinical problem was investigated in 256 postmenopausal women who participated in a randomised dose ranging study of sequentially administered trimegestone (4 doses) with continuous micronised oestradiol, for 6 months. A strong dose dependent modulation of the bleeding pattern was documented. Women in the higher trimegestone dose groups had better bleeding patterns compared to those on the lower doses. This was subsequently confirmed when 134 women completed a further 6 months' extraction study with a single dose of trimegestone (0.25 mg). The presence of submucous fibroids in 176 women predicted the occurrence of abnormal bleeding pattern, however, the dose of trimegestone remained the dominant factor. These clinical data led to detailed histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the endometrial samples collected on day 24 of the last treatment cycle. The majority of the results showed remarkable similarities between the test endometria and the natural cycle. None of the parameters clearly demonstrated a dose-dependent effect of trimegestone. When the expression of metalloproteinases -1 and -3 were assessed in specimens from women who received the highest and the lowest dose of trimegestone, where the bleeding pattern was completely different, no dose effect was demonstrated. These conclusions led me to question the ability to demonstrate this apparent similarity of endometrial effect between trimegestone and progesterone. For this I have developed a primary stromal cell culture system, and examined the expression of MMP-1, and -3 mRNA in these cells. Similarity between trimegestone and progesterone was again demonstrated.
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Suri, Narinder K. "Androgens and the endometrium." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13915/.
Full textAbstract:
The role of C19 steroids in the human endometrium is at present unclear. In order to gain an insight into their action, radioimmunoassay procedures were developed which had sufficient specificity and accuracy to measure testosterone, 5α-DHT, oestradiol, progesterone and androstenedione in endometrial samples. Amounts of androstenedione were greater (range 1.2-20.8 ng/mg tissue) than other steroids. Samples were obtained from patients presenting with a variety of conditions: subfertility, postmenopausal bleeding, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and abdominal pain. Patients admitted for sterilisation were used as normal controls. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.80) was found between the levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT measured in the same tissue which suggests the presence of a 5α reductase enzyme. No relationship was observed in tissue steroid concentration and age of the patients. Steroid concentrations were found to be high in tissues obtained from patients with endometrial carcinomas whereas progesterone concentration being low in subfertiles. The oestrogen, progesterone and androgen receptor levels of endometrial tissues from subfertile women were also determined using the DCC technique and not the procedure based on protamine sulphate precipitation since endometrial tissue available was very small. No correlation was found between receptor binding sites and day of cycle for any of the three steroids analysed; nor was there any correlation between age and receptor binding sites. A cyclic variation followed by normal women was seen in the oestrogen and progesterone receptor concentrations in the menstrual cycle. Such a variation was also observed in subfertile women on clomiphene citrate therapy. It is concluded that normal endometrium contains measurable quantities of androgens and that a receptor for 5α-DHT is present. The difference in steroid concentrations between normal and pathological states suggest that C19 steroids may be induced in the development of abnormalities.
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Ferrer, Molina Paula. "Ensayo clínico, prospectivo, aleatorizado, comparativo, para determinar la eficacia y seguridad de dos protocolos para preparación endometrial en mujeres subsidiarias de transferencia de embriones." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/322811.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCCIÓN: En la práctica clínica de la Reproducción Asistida, cada vez es más habitual la realización de ciclos de transferencia de embriones. Este incremento no solo sucede por la edad avanzada de las pacientes y la consecuente indicación de ovodonación y embriodonación, sino también por el aumento del número de ciclos de criotransferencia. La introducción de la vitrificación como técnica de criopreservación y el aumento de la supervivencia y desarrollo embrionario permiten la existencia de un excedente de embriones, que pueden ser criopreservados para su posterior transferencia. La preparación endometrial previa a la transferencia puede realizarse siguiendo el ciclo natural de la paciente o administrando estrógenos exógenos durante la fase proliferativa. La vía de administración de los estrógenos más popular es la oral, si bien la transdérmica podría ofrecer ciertas ventajas sobre ella. OBJETIVOS: Nuestro objetivo principal es confirmar que la vía transdérmica es igual o superior a la vía oral para la administración de estrógenos en los ciclos de preparación endometrial para la transferencia de embriones, teniendo como variable principal el número de días necesarios para obtener un endometrio trilaminar de más de 7 mm. Como variables secundarias, evaluaremos la comodidad de la vía y satisfacción de la paciente, los niveles plasmáticos de estradiol y las tasas de embarazo, aborto y parto. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Planteamos un estudio prospectivo, randomizado y comparativo, en el que 140 pacientes que van a realizar un ciclo de transferencia de embriones son aleatorizadas en 2 grupos: al grupo I se le asignará una pauta con comprimidos de valerato de estradiol; el grupo II recibirá una pauta con parches de estradiol hemidrato. Se medirá el grosor endometrial, mediante ecografía transvaginal, el día 10+1 de ciclo y, en caso de que no se haya alcanzado un endometrio de más de 7 mm, se realizará una segunda medición el día +15. Se realizará una determinación de los niveles de estradiol en sangre el día que la línea endometrial sea superior a 7 mm. Las pacientes rellenarán un cuestionario de satisfacción, en el que evaluarán la comodidad y efectos secundarios del tratamiento. RESULTADOS: Las pacientes del grupo II alcanzaron un endometrio significativamente mayor el día del primer control que las del grupo I (7.59 mm vs 7.01 mm; p:0.026), con menores niveles de estradiol en sangre (159.16 pg//ml vs 237.14 pg/ml; p:0.000) . Las pacientes del grupo I encontraron su tratamiento más cómodo que las del grupo II. En el grupo II, se reportaron más casos de mastalgia y dermatitis. No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a tasa de embarazo, aborto y parto. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento con estrógenos transdérmicos permite alcanzar un mayor grosor endometrial en menor número de días, con menores niveles plasmáticos de estradiol, aunque es peor tolerado por las pacientes.INTRODUCTION: In the clinical practice of Assisted Reproduction, it is more and more frequent the performance of embryos transfer’s cycles. This increment is due not only to the patient’s advanced age and the subsequent indication of egg donation and embryos donation, but also to the increasing number of frozen embryos transfer. The introduction of vitrification as cryopreservation technique and the increment of embryo survival and development allow the existence of extra embryos that can be cryopreserved for its posterior transfer. Previous endometrial preparation can be performed following patient’s natural cycle or administering exogenous estrogens during the proliferative phase. The most common way of estrogens administration is the oral one, although the transdermal way might offer some advantages over the oral one. OBJECTIVE:Our fundamental aim is to confirm that the transdermal way is equal or superior than the oral way for the estrogens administration in endometrial preparation cycles for embryos transfer, taking as principal variable the number of days necessary for obtaining a triple line endometrium thicker than 7mm. As secondary variables, we evaluate comfort and patient’s satisfaction, plasmatic levels of estradiol as well as pregnancy, miscarriage and delivery rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We outlined a prospective, randomized and comparative study. In this study, 140 patients who are going to undergo an embryo transfer cycle are randomized in 2 groups: group I will follow a protocol with pills of estradiol valerate; group II will receive a protocol with patches of estradiol hemihydrate. Endometrial thickness will be measured with transvaginal ultrasound on day 10 of the cycle. Should the lining not measure more than 7mm, a second measurement will be performed on day 15 of the cycle. A blood analysis of estradiol level will be performed when the lining is thicker than 7mm. Patients will complete a satisfaction survey to evaluate treatment’s comfort and side effects. RESULTS: Patients of group II reached a significantly thicker endometrium on the day of first control compared to group I’s patients (7.59 mm vs 7.01 mm; p:0.026), with lower level of estradiol in blood (159.16 pg//ml vs 237.14 pg/ml; p:0.000). Patients of group I found their treatment more comfortable than patients of group II. In group II more cases of mastalgia and dermatitis were detected. No significant differences were found in terms of pregnancy, miscarriage and birth rates. CONCLUSIONS:Treatment with transdermal estrogens allows to reach a higher endometrial thickness in less days, with lower plasmatic levels of estradiol, although it is worst tolerated by patients.
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Njume, Peter Njikang. "To Examine Blood and Lymphatic Microvasculature Densities in Endometrial Polyps, Adjacent and Distant Endometrium." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12646.
Full textAbstract:
Endometrial polyps (EPs) are overgrowths of endometrial glands that are protruding into the uterine cavity. EPs are benign in nature and affect both reproductive age and postmenopausal women. The aims were to quantify the blood and lymphatic microvasculature of EPs, adjacent and distant endometria. Assess the variation of these vasculatures across the menstrual cycle. Determine if these vasculatures are related to common symptoms of EPs. It was hypothesised that Microvasculature densities of EPs would be higher compared to normal endometrium, with no variation of these vessel densities across the menstrual cycle and that it would differ in women with and without symptoms. Archived samples were collected from 20 women with confirmed endometrial polyps and 32 women without endometrial polyps during the stages of the menstrual cycle. Immunohistochemistry was performed with CD31 (blood vessels) and D2-40 (lymphatic vessels). There were no significant differences in blood vessels between endometrial polyps and adjacent, distant and control endometria (F (3,70) = 2.36, p = 0.079) and like wise in lymphatic vessel density (F (3,70) = 0.16, p = 0.920). Although there was a numerical difference in the mean blood vessel density, there were no significant differences observed in blood vessels between endometrial polyps and normal endometrium.
Books on the topic "Endometrium"
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Carlo, Bulletti, Gurpide Erlio 1927-, Flamigni C, and Conference on the Endometrium (2nd : 1993 : Bologna, Italy), eds. The human endometrium. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1994.
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P, Diamond Michael, and Osteen Kevin G, eds. Endometrium and endometriosis. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Science, 1997.
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Carlo, Bulletti, Gurpide Erlio 1927-, Università di Bologna, Mount Sinai School of Medicine., and Conference on the Primate Endometrium (1st : 1990 : New York, N.Y.), eds. The Primate endometrium. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1991.
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Dallenbach-Hellweg, Gisela. Histopathology of the Endometrium. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72889-1.
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C, Fleischer Arthur, Kurjak Asim, and Granberg S, eds. Ultrasound and the endometrium. New York: Parthenon Pub. Group, 1997.
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Shu, I.-ching. Cytopathology of the endometrium: Correlation with histopathology. Edited by Iklé Franz Anton. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.
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Glasser, Stanley R., Joy Mulholland, and Alexandre Psychoyos, eds. Endocrinology of Embryo-Endometrium Interactions. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1881-5.
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Buckley, C. H. Biopsy pathology of the endometrium. London: Chapman and Hall Medical, 1989.
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Hey, Neil Anthony. MUC1 expression in human endometrium. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Endometrium"
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Feichter, G. "Endometrium." In Zytopathologie, 93–107. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11007-2_7.
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Bubendorf, Lukas, Georg E. Feichter, Ellen C. Obermann, and Peter Dalquen. "Endometrium." In Pathologie, 145–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04562-2_8.
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Dragun, Anthony E., Paul J. Schilling, Tod W. Speer, Feng-Ming Kong, Jingbo Wang, Hedvig Hricak, Oguz Akin, et al. "Endometrium." In Encyclopedia of Radiation Oncology, 214–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85516-3_134.
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Riede, Urs-Nikolaus, and Jan Baak. "Endometrium." In Springer-Lehrbuch, 659–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48725-9_59.
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Strauss, Alexander. "Endometrium." In Ultraschallpraxis, 375–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10678-5_103.
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Klopp, Ann, and Patricia Eifel. "Endometrium." In Clinical Radiation Oncology, 557–75. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119341154.ch31.
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Hautmann, Maximilian. "Endometrium." In Atlas der Vagino- und Hysterosonographie, 114–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74648-2_31.
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Gooch, Jan W. "Endometrium." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 889. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13646.
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Bardawil, Wadi A. "Endometrium." In Gynecologic Endocrinology, 185–245. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2157-6_11.
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von Wolff, Michael. "Endometrium." In Natural Cycle and Minimal Stimulation IVF, 75–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97571-5_9.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Endometrium"
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Iqbal, S. A., H. Shukla, V. Jain, S. Giri, R. Sekhon, and S. Rawal. "Synchronous primary ovarian sex cord tumor and endometrial cancer." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685384.
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Synchronous primary tumors of female genital tract are rare with a rate of about 0.7-1.8% of all gynaecological tumours. Most common primary tumours presenting as synchronous lesions are ovary and endometrium. However, sex cord stromal tumors are rare variety of primary ovarian tumor and synchronous with endometrium is even much rarer. These tumors are detected usually in younger, overweight, nulliparous and perimenopausal female. Synchronous primary tumors of endometrium and ovary have a better prognosis than the either of above alone because these are usually low grade and diagnosed at early stage. We present a report of four cases of synchronous endometrial and sex cord stromal tumors of ovary.
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Gupta, Shaveta. "Comparison of MRI findings with actual HPE findings in case of carcinoma endometrium." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685340.
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Objectives: The objectives of this study is to investigate the correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the depth of myometrial invasion, cervical involvement and lymph node involvement and actual histopathological findings in the women with endometrial cancer. Methods: This is a reterospective study of the patients of endometrial cancer from Nov 2011 to Jan 2016 who underwent Surgery (Total abdominal Hystrectomy with B/l salpingoophorectomy with peritoneal washings with b/l pelvic lymphadenectomy with or without para aortic lymphadenectomy) at our centre Max Superspeciality Hospital. CE MRI Pelvis has been done pre operatively in every patient. After the surgery Histopathological reports of the specimen checked and compared with MRI findings of that case. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the validity of MRI findings of endometrial cancer in comparison to final histopathological findings. Results: For the detection of myometrial invasion, overall sensitivity of MRI is 93.9%, specificity is 66.6%, for cervical involvement Senstivity is 60% and specificity 1s 93.75% and for detection of lymph node involvement sensitivity is 66.6% and specificity is 93.5%. Most common Finding on MRI is thickened endometrium with disruption of Junction jone. Conclusions: Preoperative pelvic MRI is a sensitive method of identifying invasion to the myometrium in endometrial cancer. MRI Is a sensitive noninvasive modality in predicting locoregional spread in ca endometrium. Senstivity in detecting Myometrial invasion is high but sensitivity is less in detecting cervical involvement and lymph node involvement is less.
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Plekhanov, A. A., A. A. Sovetsky, M. M. Loginova, E. A. Avetisyan, A. A. Shepeleva, A. M. Shutova, S. V. Gamayunov, et al. "COMPRESSION OPTICAL COHERENCE ELASTOGRAPHY AS A NEW METHOD FOR ENDOMETRIAL TISSUE STRUCTURE ASSESSMENT BY MORPHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS ELASTICITY." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-204.
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Currently, there is no effective clinical tool for evaluation the human endometrium morphology, excluding tissue trauma, and which would allow to perform the periodic monitoring during treatment. This study is aimed to develop a new approach to in vivo study of endometrial tissue morphology for diagnosis of pathologies using compression optical coherence elastography.
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Дубровская, А. Б. "Advantage of histological method of endometrium examination in mares." In Достижения молодых учёных - зоотехнической науке и практике. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/rads.hs.2019.1.24272.
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Представлен обзор гистологического метода исследования эндометрия кобыл. За рубежом данный метод диагностики па- тологий репродуктивного тракта кобыл, достаточно широко используется практикующими ветеринарными врачами, тогда как в Российском коневодстве нет исследований и публикаций по изучению данного метода. Одним из первых гистологиче- скую структуру эндометрия кобыл описал английский ученый E. Seaborn в 1925 году. Многочисленные исследования констати- ровали взаимосвязь между фертильностью и патологическими изменениями в эндометрии у кобыл. Американский ученый R. M. Kenney в 1978 году выделил четыре категории кобыл с раз- личной степенью патологических изменений в эндометрии (I, IIа, IIб, III). Гистологическое заключение дает возможность верифи- цировать диагноз и в соответствии с ним назначить адекватное лечение или дать рекомендацию о выбраковке кобылы из маточного состава. It is given the review of histological method of endometrium examination in mares. This method of diagnosis reproductive canal pathology in mares are widely used by veterinaries abroad, but in Russian horse breeding there are no investigations and publications on studying of this methods. One of the first scientists who describes histological structure of endometrium in mares was E. Seaborn in 1925. A lot of investigations showed correlation between fertility and pathological changes in mare endometrium. In 1978 an American scientist R.M. Kenny divided mares in four categories according to the degree of pathological changes in mare endometrium (I, II а, II b, III). Histological conclusion gives an opportunity to verify diagnosis and set up the adequate treatment or give the recommendation to expel a mare out of the breeding stock.
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Gannon, Michael J., David I. Vernon, J. Andrew Holroyd, Mark R. Stringer, Nick Johnson, and Stanley B. Brown. "PDT of the endometrium using ALA." In BiOS '97, Part of Photonics West, edited by Thomas J. Dougherty. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.273491.
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Rani, Shikha. "Suburethral metastasis of recurrent cancer endometrium." In 10th National Conference of Asia Oceania Research Organisation on Genital Infections and Neoplasia, India. AOGIN 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7869/aogin59.
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Pandher, Dilpreet K. "To find the prevalence of female genital tract malignancies in a tertiary care hospital." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685376.
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Genital tract and breast are two most common sites of malignancy in females. Out of the genital tract malignancies, carcinoma cervix is so far found to be the commonest followed by ovary and endometrium. In developed countries, carcinoma cervix incidence is comparatively quite low due to good regular screening of females. One year review of patients was done, who underwent definitive/debulking surgery for a diagnosed malignant pathology of the genital tract, in obstetrics and gynaecology department of Govt medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. Total 62 patients were operated, most common indication was carcinoma ovary, followed by endometrial cancer, cancer cervix and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. 166 patients underwent biopsies for suspicious symptoms or the abnormal findings on examination and the patients with final malignancy report were either operated as described above and the inoperable cases were referred to oncotherapy department for further management.
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Pandher, Dilpreet K. "To find the prevalence of female genital tract malignancies in a tertiary care hospital." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685349.
Full textAbstract:
Genital tract and breast are two most common sites of malignancy in females. Out of the genital tract malignancies, carcinoma cervix is so far found to be the commonest followed by ovary and endometrium. In developed countries, carcinoma cervix incidence is comparatively quite low due to good regular screening of females. One year review of patients was done, who underwent definitive/debulking surgery for a diagnosed malignant pathology of the genital tract, in obstetrics and gynaecology department of Govt. medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh. Total 62 patients were operated, most common indication was carcinoma ovary, followed by endometrial cancer, cancer cervix and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. 166 patients underwent biopsies for suspicious symptoms or the abnormal findings on examination and the patients with final malignancy report were either operated as described above and the inoperable cases were referred to oncotherapy department for further management.
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Lopez Gonzalez, E., F. Montero Venegas, M. Escribano Cobalea, and C. Daza Manzano. "EP1259 Predictors of the endometrium cancer recurrence." In ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.1265.
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Shushkevich, A., and A. Petrasheuski. "455 Epidemiology of endometrium cancer in Belarus." In IGCS 2020 Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-igcs.395.
Full textReports on the topic "Endometrium"
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Stute, Petra, Susanne Theis, Argy Kolokythas, Marc von Gernler, Astrid Eicher, Elenva Pavicic, Linus Walker, and Sabrina Baumgartner. Systematic review on the influence of progestogens on the endometrium. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0028.
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Review question / Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to summarize published data from randomized controlled trials regarding the influence of a combined menopausal hormone therapy on the endometrium with specific focus on endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer incidence. Eligibility criteria: The following progestagens will be investigated: Norethisterone (acetate) = NET(A), Dienogest = DNG, Dydrogesterone = DYD, Micronized Progesterone = MP, Drospirenone = DRSP, Levonorgestrel = LNG, Cyproterone acetate = CPA, Medroxyprogesterone acetate = MPA, Chlormadinone acetate = CMAExogenously administered on oral, transdermal or vaginal route; duration of study at least 3 months; in humans.
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Fields, Michael J., Mordechai Shemesh, and Anna-Riitta Fuchs. Significance of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Bovine Pregnancy. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568790.bard.
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Oxytocin has multiple actions in bovine reproductive tract and it was our purpose to determine the nature of these actions and their significance for the physiology of bovine reproduction. The bovine oxytocin receptors (OTR) gene was cloned and its expression studied during the cycle and pregnancy. OTR mRNA changed in parallel with OTR with control occurring mainly at the transcriptional level. However, the endocrine regulation of OTR were found in endometrium and cervical mucosa at estrus and at parturition. In both tissues OTR were suppressed in the luteal phase and early pregnancy. Whereas cervical OTR remained suppressed throughout pregnancy, endometrial OTR began to increase soon after implantation and reached higher concentrations in midpregnancy than at estrus. OTR in caruncles did not increase until third trimester, and OTR in cervical mucosa, cotyledons and fetal membranes increased only at term. Myometrial OTR showed less variation and OTR were present throughout the cycle and pregnancy but increased significantly during mid- and late pregnancy. OTR were localized in endometrial epithelial cells and lumina epithelial cells of cervical mucosa as determined by immunohistochemistry. Endometrial OTR were functional throughout pregnancy and mediated PGF release from day 50 onwards in a receptor density related manner. OTR in cervical mucosa mediated PGE release both in vivo and in vitro, as shown in cyclic cows. The ontogeny of uterine OTR was studied from third trimester fetal stage until puberty. OTR were present in endometrium and cervical mucosa in high concentrations throughout this period; myometrial OTR began to increase somewhat later but also reached adult values by 6-mo of age. In the prepuberal heifers OT injections failed to initiate PGF2a, release. The influence of steroids on the effect of OT was examined. Ovariectomy and E2 were without effect, but P4 with or without E2 induced a massive PGF2a release in response to OT in spite of reduced OTR. Bovine cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) were cloned and their expression studied in the endometrium of prepuberal heifers and pregnant cows. Untreated and E2 treated prepuberal heifers did not express COX-2 but P4 treated heifers did express the mRNA for COX-2, albeit weakly. During the second half of pregnancy COX-2 mRNA was strongly expressed in cotyledons and somewhat less in caruncles, whereas endometrium, myometrium and cervical mucosa showed only weak, if any, COX-2 mRNA under basal conditions. However, 2 h after OT injection significant increases in COX-2 mRNA were found in endometrial RNA. Thus OT is capable of inducing the expression of the inducible COX-2 gene, and hence the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids. The results indicate that the functions of OT are numerous and probably essential for successful pregnancy and parturition.
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Riaz, Muhammad A., Ezekiel Onyonka Mecha, Charles OA Omwandho, Felix Zeppernick, Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein, and Lutz Konrad. The different gene expression profile in eutopic and ectopic endometrium sheds new light on the endometrial seed in endometriosis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.6.0009.
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Bazer, Fuller W., Arieh Gertler, and Elisha Gootwine. Role of Placental Lactogen in Sheep. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7574339.bard.
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Central problems in sheep and dairy cattle production are reproductive failure due to embryonic/fetal mortality and low birth weights, especially in prolific breeds, and reduced milk yields which adversely affect neonatal survival and economy of production. The sheep placenta expresses lactogenic (ovine placental lactogen, oPL) and somatogenic (ovine placental growth hormone, oGH) hormones. Our research has focused on the biological roles of oPL and oGH in function of the uterine endometrium during gestation and the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation. Major conclusions were that: ( 1 ) immunization of prepubertal ewes against oPL resulted in increased birth weights of their lambs and their milk production during lactation; (2) neither oPL nor oGH had an antiluteolytic effect on uterine endometrium to affect lifespan of the corpus luteum; (3) only sequential exposure of the progesterone stimulated uterus to oIFNt and oPL or oGH increased endometrial gland proliferation and secretory protein gene expression; (4) oPL signals through a homodimer of ovine prolactin receptor (PRL-R) and heterodimer of oPRL-R and growth hormone receptor (GH-R); (5) exogenous recombinant oPL and oGH stimulated mammogenesis and milk yield during lactation; and (6) mutation of oPL and oGH was used to define specific biological effects and a rational basis for design of a specific receptor agonists or antagonists. This project was very productive in elucidating basic biological effects of oPL and oGH on intracellular signal transduction pathways, uterine development and secretory function, as well as mammogenesis and lactogenesis. We determined that immunization of prepubertal ewes against roPL increased birth weights of their lambs, especially those born as twins and triplets, as well as enhanced lactational performance. These studies significantly extended our knowledge of uterine and fetal-placental physiology and provided a foundation for new strategies to enhance reproductive and lactation efficiency. Based on these results, the major achievements were: 1) creation of a practical and cost effective management tool for producers to increase reproductive performance, neonatal survival, and milk yield of ewes in commercial flocks; and 2) define, for the first time, biological effects of oPL on endometrial functions and gene expression by uterine gland epithelium.
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Maxwell, George L. Molecular Biology and Prevention of Endometrial Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada509742.
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Maxwell, George L. Molecular Biology and Prevention of Endometrial Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423688.
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Maxwell, George L. Molecular Biology and Prevention of Endometrial Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460283.
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Maxwell, Goerge L. Molecular Biology and Prevention of Endometrial Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472123.
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Tinker, Anna V., Neesha C. Dhani, Prafull Ghatage, Deanna McLeod, Vanessa Samouëlian, Stephen A. Welch, and Alon D. Altman. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Pretreated Metastatic Endometrial Cancer. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0038.
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Review question / Objective: Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors alone or in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with pretreated advanced, persistent, or recurrent metastatic endometrial cancer. Condition being studied: Advanced, persistent, or recurrent metastatic endometrial cancer. Study designs to be included: Non-randomized studies of monotherapy in populations selected for relevant biomarkers such as MMR, microsatellite stability, and PD-L1 expression status and randomized trials of ICI combinations in unselected patients.
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Maxwell, George L. Molecular Biology and Prevention of Endometrial Cancer. Addendum. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada491629.
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