Academic literature on the topic 'Energetický deficit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Energetický deficit"
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Schmand, B., T. Kuipers, M. Van Der Gaag, J. Bosveld, F. Bulthuis, and M. Jellema. "Cognitive disorders and negative symptoms as correlates of motivational deficits in psychotic patients." Psychological Medicine 24, no. 4 (1994): 869–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700028968.
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SynopsisThe problem of a possible lack of motivation to perform cognitive tasks, which is often encountered in psychotic patients, has been approached from the perspective of the ‘energetics’ of cognition (Hockey et al. 1986) and from the broader clinical context of psychosis as an ‘amotivational syndrome’ and its related negative symptoms.The presence of motivational deficits was investigated in a group of psychotic in-patients (N = 73, and 40 had schizophrenia) compared with a control group of non-psychotic psychiatric in-patients (N = 23). The motivational deficit was operationalized in terms of Sanders's (1983) cognitive–energetic model as a large effect of ‘time-on-task’ during a simple, monotonous reaction test. Significantly more psychotic patients than control patients showed evidence of this type of motivational deficit. The deficit appeared to be related with negative but not with positive symptoms of psychosis. Furthermore, the deficit was shown to be related to the cognitive disorders of psychosis, which have been amply documented in the literature, i.e. disorders of vigilance, verbal memory and distractibility. These results suggest that the cognitive disorders of psychosis are not of a ‘computational’ but of an ‘energetical’, i.e. motivational nature.
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DUMITRU, Ilie Răsvan. "DETERMINĂRI GEOPOLITICE ALE RUSIEI LA MAREA NEAGRĂ." Buletinul Universității Naționale de Apărare „Carol I” 9, no. 2 (2021): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2065-8281-21-03.
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În prezentul articol se va analiza proiecția puterii economice și militare a Rusiei în regiunea Mării Negre, văzută atât prin prisma resurselor imense ale acesteia, cât și ca mijloc de proiecție a puterii militare în statele riverane și în Mediterana de Est. Perspectiva energetică este fundamentală în geopolitica Rusiei, iar regiunea Mării Negre este percepută de aceasta ca punct de confluență a mai multor interese globaliste, în care Rusia își dorește să fie nu doar mediator, ci pivotul determinant care să impună politica regională. Crearea unei dependențe energetice a Occidentului față de resursele rusești reprezintă un scop politic bine definit în strategia rusească. Gazele rusești devin astfel un veritabil cal troian prin care Rusia poate influența politicile europene, acest instrument energetic fiind completat și de alte instrumente de forță, menite să submineze sau să diminueze rolul NATO în Europa de Est. Interesele rusești se concentrează, în primul rând, pe dorința de a menține diferite niveluri de influență politică și economică în fiecare stat riveran, de a menține Marea Neagră sub control în privința exporturilor de petrol sau gaze naturale și a altor transporturi maritime prin portul Novorossiysk, precum și pe dorința de a preveni un deficit de securitate față de NATO, care ar putea amenința flancul de sud-vest al Kremlinului. În urmărirea acestor interese, strategia Rusiei se bazează pe utilizarea instrumentelor politice, diplomatice, informaționale și economice, care sunt susținute de o capacitate militară din ce în ce mai credibilă, aspecte care vor fi analizate și explicate în acest articol.
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Suissa, Laurent, Virginie Flachon, Jean-Marie Guigonis, et al. "Urinary ketone body loss leads to degeneration of brain white matter in elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 40, no. 8 (2019): 1709–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x19873662.
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SLC5A8 is a sodium-coupled monocarboxylate and ketone transporter expressed in various epithelial cells. A putative role of SLC5A8 in neuroenergetics has been also hypothesized. To clarify this issue, we studied the cerebral phenotype of SLC5A8-deficient mice during aging. Elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice presented diffuse leukoencephalopathy characterized by intramyelinic oedema without demyelination suggesting chronic energetic crisis. Hypo-metabolism in the white matter of elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice was found using 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO) single-photon emission CT (SPECT). Since the SLC5A8 protein could not be detected in the mouse brain, it was hypothesized that the leukoencephalopathy of aging SLC5A8-deficient mice was caused by the absence of slc5a8 expression in a peripheral organ, i.e. the kidney, where SLC5A8 is strongly expressed. A hyper-excretion of the ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in the urine of SLC5A8-deficient mice was observed and showed that SLC5A8-deficient mice suffered a cerebral BHB insufficiency. Elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice also presented altered glucose metabolism. We propose that the continuous renal loss of BHB leads to a chronic energetic deficiency in the brain of elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice who are unable to counterbalance their glucose deficit. This study highlights the importance of alternative energetic substrates in neuroenergetics especially under conditions of restricted glucose availability.
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KUNTSI, JONNA, ALEXIS C. WOOD, JAAP VAN DER MEERE, and PHILIP ASHERSON. "Why cognitive performance in ADHD may not reveal true potential: Findings from a large population-based sample." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 15, no. 4 (2009): 570–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561770909081x.
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AbstractFocusing on symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample obtained from the general population, we aimed to investigate the effects of incentives and event rate on reaction time (RT) performance and response inhibition. We assessed 1156 children, at a mean age of 8 years, on their performance on an inhibition task and a RT task under different experimental conditions that manipulated event rate and incentives. Children with high ADHD (ADHD-H) symptoms showed cognitive performance deficits only under some of the experimental conditions compared to a control group. The fast-incentive condition of the RT task succeeded in normalizing the RT variability, as well as the slow overall speed, in the ADHD-H group. Analyses of ADHD symptom scores as a quantitative trait in the total sample were overall consistent with these findings. The findings suggest that at least some cognitive performance deficits in children with high ADHD symptoms do not reflect stable cognitive deficits. The degree to which cognitive impairments in ADHD can be modulated by energetic or motivational factors has important implications for clinical and educational interventions. (JINS, 2009, 15, 570–579.)
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Sandrini Celovane, Natiele, Jadson Bonini Zampirollo, Thais Silva Costa, et al. "Photochemical activity in Dalbergia nigra (Vell.) Fr. Allem. seedlings submitted to water deficit." Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 10 (2018): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/71/2018-jfs.
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In this study, we evaluated the influence of the daily variation of both intensity of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and temperature on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters in Jacarandá-da-Bahia seedlings submitted to two treatments: T1 (control) and T2 (water deficit during seven days). It was used seedling with approximately 90 days old cultivated in plastic pots contend soil. After 45 days of acclimation, the treatments were applied. In T2, the water deficit was applied by total suspension of irrigation. The physiological evaluations were made a long of the day (from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.). The water deficit caused a significant reduction of the maximal fluorescence and in area below the fluorescence curve. Furthermore, the water deficit improved the effects of the high temperature and PAR on the energetic connectivity (or grouping between photosystem II units) and of oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) stability, evidenced by the high and positive values of L-band and K-band in those daytimes with higher incidence. Finally, the effects of water deficit were more evident on the OEC stability.
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DENNIS, MAUREEN, KATIA J. SINOPOLI, JACK M. FLETCHER, and RUSSELL SCHACHAR. "Puppets, robots, critics, and actors within a taxonomy of attention for developmental disorders." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 14, no. 5 (2008): 673–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617708080983.
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This review proposes a new taxonomy of automatic and controlled attention. The taxonomy distinguishes among the role of the attendee (puppet and robot, critic and actor), the attention process (stimulus orienting vs. response control), and the attention operation (activation vs. inhibition vs. adjustment), and identifies cognitive phenotypes by which attention is overtly expressed. We apply the taxonomy to four childhood attention disorders: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, spina bifida meningomyelocele, traumatic brain injury, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Variations in attention are related to specific brain regions that support normal attention processes when intact, and produce disordered attention when impaired. The taxonomy explains group differences in behavioral inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness, as well as medication response. We also discuss issues relevant to theories of the cognitive and neural architecture of attention: functional dissociations within and between automatic and controlled attention; the relative importance of type of brain damage and developmental timing to attention profile; cognitive-energetic models of attention and white matter damage; temporal processing deficits, attention deficits and cerebellar damage; and the issue of cognitive phenotypes as candidate endophenotypes. (JINS, 2008,14, 673–690.)
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Greenwood, Michael T. "Acupuncture, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and the Energetics of Stimulants." Medical Acupuncture 32, no. 1 (2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acu.2019.1395.
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Bastian, Thomas W., Raghavendra Rao, Phu V. Tran, and Michael K. Georgieff. "The Effects of Early-Life Iron Deficiency on Brain Energy Metabolism." Neuroscience Insights 15 (January 2020): 263310552093510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2633105520935104.
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Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies in the world. Iron deficiency in the late fetal and newborn period causes abnormal cognitive performance and emotional regulation, which can persist into adulthood despite iron repletion. Potential mechanisms contributing to these impairments include deficits in brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and myelination. Here, we comprehensively review the existing data that demonstrate diminished brain energetic capacity as a mechanistic driver of impaired neurobehavioral development due to early-life (fetal-neonatal) ID. We further discuss a novel hypothesis that permanent metabolic reprogramming, which occurs during the period of ID, leads to chronically impaired neuronal energetics and mitochondrial capacity in adulthood, thus limiting adult neuroplasticity and neurobehavioral function. We conclude that early-life ID impairs energy metabolism in a brain region- and age-dependent manner, with particularly strong evidence for hippocampal neurons. Additional studies, focusing on other brain regions and cell types, are needed.
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Zagatto, Alessandro Moura, Jorge Vieira de Mello Leite, Marcelo Papoti, and Ralph Beneke. "Energetics of Table Tennis and Table Tennis–Specific Exercise Testing." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 11, no. 8 (2016): 1012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0746.
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Purpose:To test the hypotheses that the metabolic profile of table tennis is dominantly aerobic, anaerobic energy is related to the accumulated duration and intensity of rallies, and activity and metabolic profile are interrelated with the individual fitness profile determined via table tennis–specific tests. Methods:Eleven male experienced table tennis players (22 ± 3 y, 77.6 ± 18.9 kg, 177.1 ± 8.1 cm) underwent 2 simulated table tennis matches to analyze aerobic (WOXID) energy, anaerobic glycolytic (WBLC) energy, and phosphocreatine breakdown (WPCr); a table tennis–specific graded exercise test to measure ventilatory threshold and peak oxygen uptake; and an exhaustive supramaximal table tennis effort to determine maximal accumulated deficit of oxygen. Results:WOXID, WBLC, and WPCr corresponded to 96.5% ± 1.7%, 1.0% ± 0.7%, and 2.5% ± 1.4%, respectively. WOXID was interrelated with rally duration (r = .81) and number of shots per rally (r = .77), whereas match intensity was correlated with WPCr (r = .62) and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (r = .58). Conclusions:The metabolic profile of table tennis is predominantly aerobic and interrelated with the individual fitness profile determined via table tennis–specific tests. Table tennis–specific ventilatory threshold determines the average oxygen uptake and overall WOXID, whereas table tennis–specific maximal accumulated oxygen deficit indicates the ability to use and sustain slightly higher blood lactate concentration and WBLC during the match.
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Cha, Yong-Mei, Petras P. Dzeja, Win K. Shen, et al. "Failing atrial myocardium: energetic deficits accompany structural remodeling and electrical instability." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 4 (2003): H1313—H1320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00337.2002.
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The failing ventricular myocardium is characterized by reduction of high-energy phosphates and reduced activity of the phosphotransfer enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and adenylate kinase (AK), which are responsible for transfer of high-energy phosphoryls from sites of production to sites of utilization, thereby compromising excitation-contraction coupling. In humans with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) unassociated with congestive heart failure (CHF), impairment of atrial myofibrillar energetics linked to oxidative modification of myofibrillar CK has been observed. However, the bioenergetic status of the failing atrial myocardium and its potential contribution to atrial electrical instability in CHF have not been determined. Dogs with ( n = 6) and without ( n = 6) rapid pacing-induced CHF underwent echocardiography (conscious) and electrophysiological (under anesthesia) studies. CHF dogs had more pronounced mitral regurgitation, higher atrial pressure, larger atrial area, and increased atrial fibrosis. An enhanced propensity to sustain AF was observed in CHF, despite significant increases in atrial effective refractory period and wavelength. Profound deficits in atrial bioenergetics were present with reduced activities of the phosphotransfer enzymes CK and AK, depletion of high-energy phosphates (ATP and creatine phosphate), and reduction of cellular energetic potential (ATP-to-ADP and creatine phosphate-to-Cr ratios). AF duration correlated with left atrial area ( r = 0.73, P = 0.01) and inversely with atrial ATP concentration ( r = −0.75, P = 0.005), CK activity ( r = −0.57, P = 0.054), and AK activity ( r = −0.64, P = 0.02). Atrial levels of malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, were significantly increased in CHF. Myocardial bioenergetic deficits are a conserved feature of dysfunctional atrial and ventricular myocardium in CHF and may constitute a component of the substrate for AF in CHF.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Energetický deficit"
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Kováč, Štefan. "Vzťahy EÚ a Ruskej federácie v energetickej oblasti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71765.
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This thesis is focused on EU-Russia relations, the import of fossil fuels, especially oil and natural gas, which form the main items of trade between the EU and Russia. The work is divided into three chapters devoted to the energy deficit in the EU, the analysis of Russian gas and oil sector. The last chapter focuses on the analysis of the linkages and cooperation in the energy field. The aim is to determine the interdependence of the two units, the main differences and similarities that define the direction of cooperation and draw a trend and direction of EU-Russia relations in the energy sector to the future.
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Sucupira, Maria Claudia Araripe. "Estudo comparativo de exames clínico-laboratoriais no diagnóstico de carência energética prolongada em garrotes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-13082018-111857/.
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Para comparar indicadores no diagnostico laboratorial da carência energética e avaliar sua influencia no quadro clínico, 12 garrotes foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em três grupos iguais e receberam , por 140 dias, as seguintes dietas: (G1) adequada, para ganho de peso de 900g/dia (13% de PB e 17,7 Mcal/d de ED); (G2) 80% dos requerimentos de mantença (7% de PB e 5,8 Mcal/d de ED); e (G3) 60% desses requerimentos (5% de PB e 4,7 Mcal/d de ED). Dois animais do G3 sucumbiram ao término do experimento. A carência provocou menor consumo de alimentos, diminui9ao do escore de condição corporal, sem alterar o peso vivo. Embora o volume ruminal tenha sido semelhante entre todos os grupos, as taxa de passagem e de renovação de líquidos foram menores nos grupos carentes. O déficit energético reduziu a produção ruminal de ácidos graxos voláteis totais e de suas frações, o tempo de redução de azul de metileno no suco ruminal foi maior, enquanto que os índices de excreção urinaria de alantoína e de ácido úrico foram menores nos grupos carentes. Os melhores indicadores do status energético foram a glicemia e os teores de β-hidroxibutirato plasmáticos, que reduziram durante a carência: os AGLs não foram eficientes devido a alta variabilidade dos resultados. Não foram detectados corpos cetônicos na urina. O hematócrito e os teores séricos de ureia, albumina, globulinas e creatinina não se mostraram úteis no diagnóstico, porem o índice de excreção urinaria de ureia se reduziu, indicando maior conservação de nitrogênio pelo organismo carente. O déficit energético provocou diminui980 nos batimentos cardíacos, atingindo em quadros avançados 30 bat/min; na frequência respiratória; nos movimentos e tonicidade ruminal. Quanto menor foi a glicemia menores foram os batimentos cardíacos (r= 0,55), a frequência respiratória (r = 0,49) e a tonicidade ruminal (r= 0,81). A temperatura retal permaneceu dentro dos valores de normalidade, mas hipotermia foi detectada precedendo a morte. Levando-se em conta a facilidade, praticidade e custo dos exames, sugere-se o diagnóstico de carência requisitando analise de glicose, β-hidroxibutirato plasmáticos, tempo de redução do azul de metileno no suco ruminal e índice de excreção urinária de ácido úrico.<br>In order to compare laboratory diagnosis indicators of energetic deficit and evaluate their influence in the clinical picture, 12 steers were randomly distributed in 3 groups of 4 animals, which received the following diets for 140 days : (G1) adequate diet for weight gain of 900g/day (CP: 13% and DE: 17,7 Mcal/d); (G2) 80% of the maintenance requirements (CP: 7% and DE: 5,8 Mcal/d); (G3) 60% of the same requirements (CP: 5% and DE: 4,7 Mcal/d). Two animals from G3 died by the end of the experiment. The nutritional deficit led to lower feed intake and a decrease in the body condition score; without changing body weight. Although the rumen volume was similar in all three groups, the rates of liquid passage and ruminal turnover were lower in G2 and G3. The energetic deficit led to a reduced rumen production of total and fractions of volatile fatty acids. The time of blue methylene reduction in the rumen juice was longer, whereas the index of urinary excretion of allantoin and uric acid was lower in G2 and G3. The best indicators of the energetic status were glycemia and the plasma level of β-hydroxybutirate, which were both reduced during the deficit energetic. NEFA levels were not effective, due to the high variability of the results. Ketone bodies were not detected in the urine. Hematocrit and serum levels of urea, albumin, globulin and creatinin were not useful for malnutrition diagnosis, but the index of urinary excretion of urea was decreased, indicating that malnourished bodies were keeping Nitrogen. The energetic deficit caused a gradual decrease in cardiac rates , falling to 30 beats/min in advanced deficit of energy. Reduced respiratory frequency and rumen tonus was also altered in this condition. Low glycemia was related to decreased heart beat frequency (r=0.55), to respiratory frequency (r=0.49) and to rumen tonus (r=0.81). The rectal temperature remained within normal values; however hypothermia was detected preceding death. Taking into account costs and friendly usage of assays, we suggest the analysis of glucose, plasma β-hydroxybutirate, time of reduction of methylene blue in the rumen juice, and index of urinary excretion of uric acid for the diagnosis of energetic deficit.
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Lima, Alessandra Silva. "Avaliação do perfil hormonal de garrotes submetidos à carência energética prolongada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-09022007-153232/.
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Para avaliar a influência prolongada de oferecimento de dietas com diferentes graus de carência de energia sobre o perfil hormonal, metabólico e clínico de bovinos em crescimento, 12 garrotes foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em três grupos iguais e receberam, por 140 dias, as seguintes dietas: (G1) adequada, para ganho de peso de 900g/dia ( 17,7 Mcal/d de ED); (G2) 80% dos requerimentos de mantença (5,8 Mcal/d de ED); e (G3) 60% desses requerimentos (4,7 Mcal/d de ED). A carência provocou uma acentuada diminuição do peso vivo, do consumo de alimentos, das freqüências cardíaca e respiratória e da temperatura retal; ambos os grupos carentes (G2 e G3) apresentaram hipoglicemia e menor síntese de ácido propiônico no rúmen. Em relação ao perfil hormonal, o déficit energético provocou uma redução destacada nos teores sangüíneos de IGF-1, insulina e T3 e em menor grau em T4. A perda de peso foi uma direta conseqüência do menor consumo de alimentos, da qualidade inferior da dieta ingerida e da menor atuação de IGF-1 e T3. O consumo de alimentos ficou diminuído devido ao oferecimento de dieta menos palatável e por influência de um quadro de hipoinsulinemia. A diminuição do número de batimentos cardíacos, movimentos respiratórios e em menor grau a queda na temperatura retal refletiram o baixo status energético imprimido e foram influenciados negativamente pelos baixos teores de T3. A hipoglicemia foi causada primariamente pela baixa produção de ácido propiônico no rúmen, além da menor concentração de T3; os baixos teores de glicose induziram um quadro de hipoinsulinemia (r = 0,77). O IGF-1 foi considerado o principal indicador do status energético, pois diminuiu de maneira sensível e rápida sua concentração no decorrer da carência; este hormônio foi diretamente influenciado pelos teores de T3 (r = 0,83) e em menor grau pela insulina (r = 0,52). As concentrações de T3 no sangue foram de alguma forma controlados pela ação positiva do IGF-1 e da insulina, assim como pelas concentrações de T4 (r = 0,78)<br>To evaluate the influence of diets with different degrees of energy deficiency on the hormonal profile, and on metabolic and clinical states of steers, 12 steers were randomly distributed in 3 groups of 4 animals each. Each group received the following diets for 140 days: (G1) 100% of the maintenance to stimulate to weight gain of 900 gr/day (DE: 17.7 Mcal/d); (G2) 80% of the maintenance (DE: 5.8 Mcal/d); (G3) 60% of the same requirements (DE: 4.7 Mcal/d). In both energy deficiency groups (G2 and G3) there was a decrease in body weight, in feed intake, in cardiac and respiratory rates and in rectal temperature during experimental period; in addition these groups had hypoglycemia and reduced production of propionic acid in the rumen. In relation to hormonal profile, the energy deficit caused an acute reduction in plasma levels of IGF-1, insulin and T3, and in a lesser degree in T4. Weight loss was due to lower feed intake, poor quality of diet ingested and also due to low concentrations of IGF-1 and T3. In addition, feed intake was decreased by the low palatability of the diet and due to the influence of hypoinsulinemia. The reduction of heart and respiratory rate and the lower degree of reduction in rectal temperature, all reflected the low energetic status and were influenced negatively by the low level of T3. Hypoglycemia was primarily caused by the lower production of propionic acid in the rumen, besides the action of a lower level of T3; and hypoglycemia induced a hypoinsulinemia (r = 0.77). The IGF-1 was considered the best indicator of the energetic status, because its blood levels reduction was sensible and rapid during the dietary energy deficit; and it was influenced directly by level of T3 (r = 0.83) and in a lower degree by insulin (r = 0.52). The plasma level of T3 was in someway controlled by positive action of IGF-1 and insulin, as well as for T4 level (r = 0.78)
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HORČIČKOVÁ, Michaela. "Metabolický profil dojnic holštýnského plemene v průběhu laktace." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-181025.
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Diploma work was concentrated on the evaluation of two metabolic profiles on the milch cows of Holstein breed on the basic of compilated nutritive rations for individual phases of lactation. The metabolic tests were evaluated in the milch cows in the period of making cow milk, the top of lactation and the second phase of lactation. The balance of nutriments was counted out in the nutritive rations. The haemotological and biochemical parameters, macromineral and urinary profiles were evaluated in the metabolic profiles. The work in the both metabolic profiles evidenced the reduced number of erythrocytes which can be connected with the occurence of anaemia. In the period of the top of lactation it is possible to speculate about an energetical deficit with regard to the low content of triacylglycerols. In the profile tests the presence of ketone bodies substances in urine was found out in the period of making cow milk. This finding connects with the negative energetic balance that occurrs in the course of the first two months after calving. Within of mineral profile an attention should be paid to especially the content of calcium, which was reduced in the both profiles. In comparison with the profiles perfomed in 2011 we find out that reached modifications of the nutrive ration and the increase in the content of main nutriments, which shoved in the milch cows by improvement of metabolic effects. Neverthless in breeding of the milch cows the increased emphasis should be put on the period of making cow milk and the recommendation for prevention from anaemia or other disorders is carrying out of the selective metabolic test.
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Kokštejn, Jakub. "Pohybová aktivita dětí s motorickými obtížemi." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312174.
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Bibliographic identification Name and surname of the author: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn Name of the dissertation: Physical activity of children with motor difficulties Workplace: Department of Sports Games Supervisor of the work: Doc. PaedDr. Rudolf Psotta, Ph.D. Year of presentation: 2011 Abstract Objective: Current knowledge of developmental disorders in motor skills of school children suggest potential negative impacts on the development of the personality of the child in the mental, social psychological and behavioural areas and also in the area of competence at school. Very little is known about how an insufficient level of motor skills of a child can limit his/her physical activity. This work was performed to discover whether developmentally determined motor deficit in children of older school age is a risk factor for lower physical activity (PA) and whether the attention of the child has a mediation function in the relationship between the level of motor skills and his/her physical activity. Methods: The research was based on analytical-descriptive examination of the motor skills of children, their physical activity in weekly regimes and the attention level, with subsequent comparison of children with a motor deficit (MD) and children without MD, through correlation analysis and analysis of the mediative...
Books on the topic "Energetický deficit"
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1967-, Vannest Kimberly J., and Harrison Judith R. 1962-, eds. The energetic brain: Understanding and managing ADHD. Jossey-Bass, 2012.
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Shaywitz, Sally E., Cecil R. Reynolds, Kimberly J. Vannest, and Judith R. Harrison. Energetic Brain: Understanding and Managing ADHD. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Shaywitz, Sally E., Cecil R. Reynolds, Kimberly J. Vannest, and Judith R. Harrison. Energetic Brain: Understanding and Managing ADHD. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Shaywitz, Sally E., Cecil R. Reynolds, Kimberly J. Vannest, and Judith R. Harrison. Energetic Brain: Understanding and Managing ADHD. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.
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Veech, Richard L., and M. Todd King. Alzheimer’s Disease. Edited by Detlev Boison. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190497996.003.0026.
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Deficits in cerebral glucose utilization in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) arise decades before cognitive impairment and accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in brain. Addressing this metabolic deficit has greater potential in treating AD than targeting later disease processes – an approach that has failed consistently in the clinic. Cerebral glucose utilization requires numerous enzymes, many of which have been shown to decline in AD. Perhaps the most important is pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which links glycolysis with the Krebs cycle and aerobic metabolism, and whose activity is greatly suppressed in AD. The unique metabolism of ketone bodies allows them to bypass the block at pyruvate dehydrogenase and restore brain metabolism. Recent studies in mouse genetic models of AD and in a human Alzheimer’s patient showed the potential of ketones in maintaining brain energetics and function. Oral ketone bodies might be a promising avenue for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Book chapters on the topic "Energetický deficit"
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Sergeant, Joseph A., Jaap Oosterlaan, and Jaap van der Meere. "Information Processing and Energetic Factors in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." In Handbook of Disruptive Behavior Disorders. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4881-2_4.
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Patwardhan, Girija Shirish. "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)." In New Developments in Diagnosing, Assessing, and Treating ADHD. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5495-1.ch001.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of the childhood which is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) have established and revised the guidelines defining the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. This chapter focused on the diagnostic criteria for ADHD given by the ICD and DSM, and also compared the two. Children are mostly very energetic and active and hence it becomes difficult to decide if the level of activity is to be considered normal or should be taken as an indication of an ADHD symptom. Hence even when the symptoms of ADHD are observable, they require a proper assessment to reach to a diagnostic conclusion and hence diagnostic tools for assessing ADHD were also discussed in the chapter. A brief account of the disorders associated with ADHD was mentioned with an emphasis on how these symptoms would affect the academic, emotional and social areas of lives of the children. Different etiological factors including biological factors, brain anatomy, environmental factors, food /diet were discussed along with the pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological management of ADHD. Pharmacological management included brief discussion about stimulant as well as non-stimulant drugs. On the other hand, non-pharmacological treatment included behavioral interventions, neurofeedback, exercise, family therapy, social skill training and parent training.
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Tolstoy, Leo. "Chapter LIX." In Resurrection. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199555765.003.0061.
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One of the most widespread superstitions is that every man has his own special definite qualities: that he is kind, cruel, wise, stupid, energetic, apathetic, and so on. Men are not like that. We may say of a man that he is more often...
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Geue, Tom. "Drawing Blanks." In Complex Inferiorities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814061.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines two exponents of satiric literature written under the politically fraught conditions of the Roman Principate, Phaedrus and Juvenal. It is unclear who (or what) both were; their names, shorthands for de-authored texts rather than stand-ins for historical individuals. The literal self-effacement at work here creates a paradoxical authority: the words on the page, loosened from a definite first-person speaker identity, slip and slide easily from person to person, yet the concealment wreaks havoc with the readerly desire to know the source behind the words, generating an energetic ‘erotics’ of the weaker voice. This chapter analyses their shared yet distinctive strategies of authorial self-erasure, arguing that both not only render key markers of Roman elite male identity—name, body, and autobiography—ineffective, but that, in doing so, they also foreground and relish the particular potential of literature as the written word in its supposed inferiority to author-bound speech.
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"Biology and Management of Inland Striped Bass and Hybrid Striped Bass." In Biology and Management of Inland Striped Bass and Hybrid Striped Bass, edited by James A. Rice, Jessica S. Thompson, Jamie A. Sykes, and Christian T. Waters. American Fisheries Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874363.ch6.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Historically, striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis</em> summer kills have been attributed to two mechanisms: stressors associated with crowding when striped bass are confined in isolated, cool refuges; and thermal stress or energetic deficit when hypolimnetic hypoxia (dissolved oxygen less than 2 mg/L) forces them into high-temperature surface waters. Here, we present observations suggesting that a third mechanism may account for some of these striped bass mortality events. During summer stratification, many relatively deep southeastern reservoirs develop hypoxia in the metalimnion, as well as near the bottom, isolating a layer of oxygenated hypolimnetic water between them. As these hypoxic zones expand in thickness and severity of oxygen depletion, the oxygenated layer between them shrinks both horizontally and vertically, and its oxygen content declines. Evidence suggests that striped bass summer kills can occur when fish are trapped in this isolated layer and its oxygen concentration declines below 2 mg/L or disappears altogether. The presence of coolwater forage fish such as alewife <em>Alosa pseudoharengus </em>or blueback herring <em>A. aestivalis </em>may increase the risk of striped bass kills by attracting them into the hypolimnetic oxygenated layer where they may become trapped. We draw upon examples from two southeastern reservoirs to illustrate this phenomenon, and discuss its implications for reservoir fisheries management, as well as possible approaches to minimize or avoid impacts.
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Cristina S. Franco, Edna, Marcelo Marques Cardoso, Celice Cordeiro de Souza, Michelle Castro da Silva, Carolina Ramos dos Santos, and Walace Gomes-Leal. "Microglial Plasticity Contributes to Recovery of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells during Experimental Stroke." In Macrophages. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95433.
Full textAbstract:
Brain stroke is an acute neural disorder characterized by obstruction (ischemic) or rupture (hemorrhagic) of blood vessels causing neural damage and subsequent functional impairment. Its pathophysiology is complex and involves a multitude of pathological events including energetic collapse, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis, cell death and neuroinflammation. Despite its clinical importance, there is no effective pharmacological therapies available to diminish secondary damage avowing functional deficits. Considering the failure of pharmacological approaches for stroke, cell therapy came as promising alternative. Different cell types have been investigated in different experimental models with promising results. An important issue regarding the transplantation of stem cells into the damaged CNS tissue is how the pathological environment influences the transplanted cells. It has been established that an exacerbated inflammation in the pathological environment is detrimental to the survival of the transplanted stem cells. This prompted us to develop an experimental strategy to improve the therapeutic actions of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) transplanted into the acute phase of brain stroke by modulating microglial activation with minocycline. In this chapter, we first review the basic pathophysiology of ischemic stroke with emphasis on the role of microglia to the pathological outcome. We then review the experimental approach of modulating microglia activation in order to enhance therapeutic actions of BMMCS for experimental stroke. We suggest that such an approach may be applied as an adjuvant therapy to control excessive neuroinflammation in the pathological environment allowing acute transplants and improving therapeutic actions of different kind of stem cells.
Conference papers on the topic "Energetický deficit"
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Ajalli, Fariba, Mojgan Gharakhanlou, Mahmoud Mani, and Sahar Daraeizadeh. "An Investigation of Gurney Flap Effects on the Wake of an Airfoil in Plunging Motion." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85625.
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Experimental measurements were conducted on a plunging Eppler 361 Gurney flapped airfoil to study wake structure and dynamic stall phenomenon in the wake. The heights of Gurney flap were 2.6% and 3.3% chord. All oscillation data were taken at the plunging amplitude of 6cm and Reynolds number 1.5×105. Special attention was focused on the temporal progressions of the plunging wake for the range of initial AOA (0 and 12deg) in prior and post stall flow conditions. The velocity in the wake was measured by hot-wire anemometry. Surface pressure-measurements as a supplementary data were also carried out to look into the link between the boundary layer flow and the shedding vortical flow. It was found that the hysteresis is detected between the plunging wake in the upstroke and down-stroke. The shape and width of the wake hysteresis loops strongly depend on the initial AOA and vertical positions of the sensor. At prior static stall AOA, positive camber effects of flapped airfoil shifted wake profiles downward and more velocity deficits were detected. In the post stall conditions the hysteresis loop widths for lower-than-centerline vertical positions were remarkably more than counterpart upper positions. The energetic dynamic stall vortex shedding was found to be main responsible for large hysteresis and velocity deficit at these positions. Furthermore the extent and strength of the stalled wake or flow separation was found to increase for the flapped case which results in a significant increase in the hysteresis loop widths.