Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Energieffektiva byggnader'
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Bergqvist, Timmy. "Solenergi med energieffektiva byggnader och kostnadseffektiv lagring." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146646.
Full textJohansson, Viktor, and Raya Majed. "Miljöcertifiering av energieffektiva byggnader : Nybyggnation av parhus i Landskrona." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35714.
Full textBacklundh, Martin, and Markus Olsson. "Miljö- och energieffektiva byggnader : Vad anser de privata och kommunala fastighetsbolagen?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-8181.
Full textJohansson, Viktor. "Energieffektiva byggnader ikallt klimat : En undersökning av energiprestanda förfyra enfamiljshus i Umeåregionen." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58984.
Full textThis master thesis has been carried out in the autumn of 2011, on assignment of the department of Applied Physics and Electronics (TFE) at Umeå University. The thesis is a part of the ongoing project, Energieffektivt byggande i kallt klimat, which is a collaboration between the municipality of Umeå, Umeå university and market participants in the Umeå region. The goal of this work is to create and compile a solid base of measurements to show the energy saving potential in the housing sector and to explore if there is an increased risk of mold, rot or fungus growth in energy efficient houses. The long-term goal is that the result of this project will lead to increased motivation to build energy efficient houses even in these latitudes. A compilation of the energy requirement has been made for four single-familyhouses in the Umeå region throughout the year 2011. Temperatures and humidity has continuously been logged in the various layers of the building components and in indoor and outdoor air. Flow rates and temperatures of water in heating systems and to hot tap water have been logged. Electricity consumption has also been continuously collected. In total, between 27 and 40 sensors were installed in each house. The energy use has thereby been identified and categorized according to if the use is for heat, hot tap water, household electricity and in terms of total electricity- and energy use. Performance has been investigated for installations with energy saving purposes such as heat exchangers, a 30 m long preheating pipe buried in the ground and a geothermal heat pump. The results of the compilations show that the houses, with normal year corrected values, have an energy requirement for heating and hot tap water at between 67 and 81 kWh/m2y. The heat and hot tap water requirement for one of the houses was only half of the requirement in BBR of 130 kWh/m2y for houses with other type of heating source than electrical heating. The measurements show that there is no risk of mold or rot anywhere in any of the houses. In one of the houses it was showed that a preheating pipe along with a wellfunctioning heat exchanger was enough so no additional pre-heating of the incoming air was necessary, even during the coldest period of the year. The geothermal heat pump delivered in average 2.5 times more energy than it consumed. This reduced the amount of purchased energy for heating and hot tap water by about 60 % on a yearly basis. Overall, there is nothing in this research that indicates that there are any hinders for constructing energy efficient buildings in cold climates. No increased risk of rot or mold has been detected which has been a common misconception about energyefficient, airtight houses. Rather, there is a quite large saving potential both moneywise for the individual and for the environment, in both the short and the long term.
Johansson, Martin. "Energiprestanda för lågenergihus : Hur bra stämmer de projekterade energivärdena?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32516.
Full textJohansson, Ellen, and Cecilia Ahlin. "Flexibel isolering av fönster : Examensarbete i samarbete med Backgårdens Bygg AB." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4179.
Full textMålet med detta examensarbete är att ta fram en lösning som gör det möjligt att utforma fönster och bostadshus i olika stil och fortfarande kunna bygga enligt energihusprinciper. En röd stuga med vita knutar och fönster som ser likadana ut i alla väderstreck är ett exempel.
I lågenergihus är väggar, golv och tak mycket väl isolerade, de har ett mycket lågt U-värde. Fönster och dörrar, som har ett jämförelsevis högt U-värde, bryter detta klimatskal, vilket gör dem till kritiska punkter för energiläckage. Fönster ger upphov till önskade och oönskade energiflöden, till exempel dagsljus, värmeförluster, strålningsvärme och luftutbyte. I energihus är det särskilt viktigt att kunna kontrollera dessa flöden för att uppnå komfort och minimera energiförlusterna.
Arbetet resulterade i IsoSol, en utvändig jalusi som rullas upp ovan fönstret och döljs i väggkonstruktionen när den inte används. Ett flexibelt solskydd som i helt nerfällt läge mörklägger effektivt och isolerar tack vare materialval och inneslutna sidostycken. IsoSol är uppbyggd av en kombimatta sammansatt av tät väv och nålfilt. För att huset inte ska se igenbommat ut utifrån sitter horisontella ribbor i skummad polyuretan med trästruktur på den yttersta väven. Konstruktionen blir tät eftersom jalusins sidokanter sitter 10 cm in under fasaden. I över- och underkant finns gummilister som ökar tätheten. En automatisk styrning av upp och ner gång samt möjlighet till tidsprogrammering finns med hjälp av en motor från Somfy Home Motion.
IsoSol ger fönsterkonstruktionen ett U-värde på 0,31 W/m2K jämfört med 0,98 W/m2K för enbart fönstret och ett g-värde, mått på solenergitransmittansen i procent, på näst intill noll, 54 % utan IsoSol. Lösningen passar alla sorters fönster, skyddar rutan från väder och vind och ger ett ökat skydd mot inbrott.
The objective of this project is to develop a solution that makes it possible to design windows and buildings in different styles and still be able to build according to the principles of energy-houses. A red cottage with white corners and windows that look the same in all directions is an example.
In low-energy-houses are walls, floors and roof very well insulated; they have a very low U-value. Windows and doors, that have a relatively high U-value, break this climate shell, which makes them critical points for energy leaks. Windows give rise to desired and undesired energy flows, such as daylight, heat loss, radiant heat and air exchange. In energy-houses it is particularly important to be able to control these flows to achieve comfort and minimize energy losses.
The project resulted in IsoSol, an exterior roller shutter that is rolled up above the window and hidden in the wall structure when not in use. A flexible solar control that in its closed position are an effective darker and insulator as a result of material choice and enclosed sides. IsoSol is made up of a combination carpet composed of impenetrable fabric and needle felt. In order to not make the house look closed from the outside there are horizontal bars of foamed polyurethane with wooden structure on the outer fabric. The construction is reducing the leaks because the side edges are integrated 10 centimetres underneath the facade. An automatic control of when to open and when to close and time-programming is possible by the use of a motor from Somfy Home Motion.
IsoSol gives the construction of the window a U-value of 0,31 W/m2K, compared to 0,98 W/m2K entirely the window, and a g-value, measurement of the solar transmittance, close to zero, 54 % without IsoSol. The solution suits all kinds of windows, protects the window and provides increased protection against break-ins.
Eriksson, Marcus. "Jämförelse av energianvändning och inneklimat i lågenergihus : Energisnåla hus med FTX-system eller värmepump." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-11192.
Full textBeijbom, Mattias, and Dino Bojcic. "Uppföljning av energikrav för passivhusvillor, Vikaholm." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66111.
Full textOlsson, Emma, and Erik Stenemo. "Agenda 2030, Sveriges miljömål och energieffektiva byggnader : En studie om hur Agenda 2030 och byggnadsteknik kan bidra till att nå Sveriges miljömål." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433674.
Full textKarlsson, Camilla. "Lågenergihus : Att bygga energisnålt." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-8352.
Full textA large proportion of the energy consumption is in the building industry and a large part goes to heating our homes and premises. In the developing countries' development now threatens the large consumption of energy in our earth's climate. It is in the West world that we must be good role models in terms of energy efficiency. One solution to reduce energy consumption for heating of buildings may be to continue to build low energy houses and passive houses, but it is also about rebuilding the buildings that currently have high energy consumption such as the old Million program Houses. These buildings will be standing many years and their energy consumption will not diminish over time by itself and energy prices will certainly not diminish in the future. This report will touch on the subject mainly new construction, how to build an energy efficient building, but a smaller portion will touch on the subject rebuilding, particularly the solutions that can fit into economic terms.
Calculations have been done to link the concepts of Umean of a building and its energy consumption. This was done by calculations using an Excel document created in connection with this thesis.
The buildings and architectural solutions addressed in this report will focus on apartment buildings where the partner of this thesis is Eskilstuna Municipal Building. Eskilstuna Municipality Property manages buildings and premises to Eskilstuna Municipality, but also owns their own house with rental apartments.
Tahan, Petrus. "Energieffektivitet hos fönster - Idag och i framtiden : En analys samt komparativ studie av fönster för byggnader, med fokus på aeorgel-, vacuum och smarta-fönster." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-32294.
Full textEnergy optimization is starting to be a pursued worldwide main goal. This is based on the global energy consumption that occurs in buildings, which is about 40 percent. There is no doubt that this value needs to be lowered. But to achieve an energy efficient building is not easy. Although, this can be done in many and different ways. One of them is to optimize the windows, which is a buildings weakest point due to its high U-value.The choice of windows can be a harsh decision, there’s plenty of windows to choose among. In heating dominated climates, as the one in Sweden, it is necessary to choose windows with low U-values and high g-values, also a high solar heat gain coefficient/shading coefficient is required. A window with a low U-value is also important in cooling dominated climates but the main focus is instead on a low shading coefficient, which is not the case in this thesis. The purpose is to find the most energy efficient window that lowers the need for active heating in buildings, and also reveal and discuss the cost issues for the chosen windows.By searching in scientific databases and contacting companies active in the window industry the desired information was obtained. Calculations including the energy balance and present value were made, which gave an indication of the profitability for the different windows. Vacuum, aerogel and chromogenic window are examples of future windows which can have a positive impact on the energy balance in buildings. Yet these windows are currently not fully developed, but have potential to be highly valuable types of windows. Vacuum and chromogenic windows are better suited for cooling dominated climates. However if the development succeed where a big progress will be made it will not be impossible to suit them for heating dominated climates too. Aerogel windows have the best impact on the energy savings when replacing windows, but due to some optical attributes and a complicated manufacturing of the product aerogel windows are currently not an optimal choice for window replacement. The future windows isn’t either economically viable. For now, there are other commercially energy efficient windows that are cheaper to purchase. They also show an acceptable good result on the energy balance for a building.
Gustafsson, Richard, and Mattias Törnqvist. "Energieffektiv byggnad i stadsmiljö." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5806.
Full textThis report will present an energy efficient building in the centre of Kalmar city. It will
become energy efficient because of the worldwide goal to reduce our energy using in our
buildings.
The values of architecture have been given a great part in this report. The building is supposed to be placed in Kvarnholmen in a unique environment in centre of Kalmar city.
Because of the placement it is very important to show respect to the surroundings and the history of Kalmar.
Herrlin, Emma. "Alternativa reglermetoder för en energieffektiv byggnad." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214833.
Full textSvanbäck, Martina, and My Lindström. "Simulering och utvärdering av en klimatpositiv byggnads energisystem : Energibedömning och fördelar kring förnybara resurser i ETC Bygg AB:s nollenergibyggnader av flerbostadstyp." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55027.
Full textOrellana, del Canto Rodrigo. "energieffektiv transformering : Hur en befintlig byggnad blir energismart." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43921.
Full textKommuner runt om i Sverige bygger alltmer energieffektiva byggnader. Målen är att sänka energiförbrukningen och öka förnybar energiproduktion i de flesta nybyggnationer. Det görs för att nå de globala målen som ställer krav på ländernas klimatpåverkan. Men hur kan man transformera en äldre byggnad till att bli energieffektiv? Studien fokuserar på ett fallstudie av Kroks mölla gårdens befintliga byggnad där energiförbrukningen är hög samt värmeförluster är stora. Huset behöver förtäta sitt klimatskal vilket leder till en högre inomhus komfort. Då huset har ett högt kulturvärde ska minimala förändringar av utseendet göras. Byggnaden har stora potentialer med sina ytterväggars tjocklek på 500 mm ger en hög isoleringsförmåga. Däremot är fönster och ytterdörrar den stora värmeboven vilket sänker inomhustemperaturen och ökar energiförbrukningen. Fallstudien bygger på blandade metoder som har delats upp i två olika faser. Fas ett fokuserar på förundersökning som lägger grunden för fas 2. Under tillämpningsfasen applicerar man förundersökningens resultat för att minska energiförbrukningen. Genom simulation ska husets U-värde minskas och elkostnaden sänkas installation av grön teknik. Resultatet visade sig kunna sänka elkostnaden med 75%. Fönsters u-värde kunde halveras till ett u-värde som minimerar värmeför- luster i jämförelse med före renoveringen. För att minska hushål- lets energiförbrukning ännu mer behöver då huset genom gå en större renovering av fönster, dörrar och vitvaror som har en lägre energiförbrukning. På så sätt kan huset producera ett överskott av energi och då kallas för ett plusenergihus.
Wennlund, Samuel. "Likströmsnät i byggnader : En genomförbarhetsstudie för ett potentiellt smartare och energieffektivare elsystem." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-371860.
Full textThe internal distribution grid in buildings is, just like the rest of the grid, based on alternating current technology, even though today most of the electricity consumers in a building use direct current in their final stage. Furthermore the use of photovoltaics, battery systems and electric vehicles are increasing and they also use direct current. Direct current grids in buildings could be a way to minimize the amount of conversions between AC and DC within the building, instead the idea is to centralize the rectification and thereby lower the conversion losses. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the phenomenon of DC-grids and the Swedish market for it. This is done with the purpose to explore the feasibility and possibilities of a DC-grid in an office building today. Through a market investigation the solutions and knowledge to this day has been summarized, and is then used to find a recommendation for what parts in an office building that can be supplied with direct current from a DC-grid. According to the investigation there are solutions in the Swedish market for building an internal DC-grid at 350VDC or +/-380VDC (760VDC) depending on the priority of the project in question. Since not all electricity consumers can use DC a hybrid between AC and DC is most relevant today. Electrical units that can use direct current today are lighting, ventilation, laptops, mobile phones, tablets, servers and smaller office appliances and telephony. Possibly heat pumps and other pumps might also be able to be supplied by direct current. Electrical units that still need to be supplied by AC are copier rooms, elevators, kitchen areas and garages with the EV chargers.
Lane, Anna-Lena. "Building-related renewable electricity production with storage and energy-efficient buildings : Exploring barriers, drivers and quality assurance." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33402.
Full textFör att uppnå klimatmålen är det nödvändigt att minska den ohållbara användningen av fossila bränslen. Ett sätt är att öka användning av förnybar energi genom att kombinera solel med batterilager. Ett annat sätt är att öka medvetenheten om energianvändningen med dess negativa påverkan på miljön och uppfylla energikraven för nya byggnader bättre. Eftersom byggnader har lång livslängd ger onödigt hög energianvändning påverkan under lång tid. Hinder, drivkrafter och andra icke energirelaterade fördelar med att investera i batterilager till solel har undersökts i en enkätstudie bland svenska lantbruk. Det kom in 100 svar från lantbrukare som har solel, vilket motsvarar en svarsfrekvens på 59 %. Den viktigaste drivkraften för att investera i batterilager till solelanläggningen är en högre egenanvändning av el. Detta visade sig också vara högst prioriterat av elnätsägare för att minska behovet av kostsamma investeringar i elnätet. Den största icke energirelaterade fördelen med batterilager är större oberoende av elnätet. En kvalitetsäkringsmetod för byggprocessen har utvecklats och beskrivits. Syftet med metoden, som kallas ByggaE, är att minska skillnaden mellan verklig energianvändning och energikrav i nya byggnader. Metoden bygger på två huvudprocesser med aktiviteter. Beställarens huvudprocess är att formulera krav och metoder att kontrollera och följa upp dessa krav. De andra aktörernas huvudprocess är att identifiera, hantera och följa upp risker eller kritiska moment som kan påverka energianvändningen. Dokument som stödjer aktiviteterna lagras i en digital mappstruktur. Det är viktigt med realistiska antaganden och uppföljning som relaterar till dessa antaganden för att fler lönsamma energieffektiviseringsåtgärder ska bli genomförda och för att de energiprestanda som krävs eller förväntas ska bli uppfyllda.
Johansson, Jan, and Henrik Karlsson. "Energieffektivt byggnande : Hur kan BBR bidra till ett ”klimatsmart” byggande?" Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1159.
Full textByggbranschen står idag för 40 % av landets totala energianvändning varav 85 % av energin förbrukas i bruksskedet. Med hänsyn till den omfattande energianvändningen inom byggsektorn har branschen ett stort ansvar för att minska landets totala energiförbrukning. Teknik för att bygga energisnåla byggnader är långt framme, men används inte i så stor utsträckning som man borde. En anledning till detta kan vara att man bygger med en kortsiktig syn på investeringar och att den som bygger och förvaltar inte är samma part. Verktyg för att ta riktiga beslut ur ett långsiktigt ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv finns i form av livscykelkostnadskalkyler (LCC). Byggnader har lång livslängd och det är viktigt att man i ett tidigt skede vid projektering använder sig av de hjälpmedel som finns att tillgå.
Koldioxid är en stor bidragande orsak till den ökade växthuseffekten, för att byggbranschen i framtiden skall kunna minska de bidrag den genererar till atmosfären så är det viktigt att man tar fram metoder för hur man på ett riktigt sätt mäter koldioxidutsläpp från byggnader i bruksskedet.
Byggherren har en nyckelroll för vår samhällsutveckling varför det är viktigt att han/hon har kompetens för att fatta riktiga beslut ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Idag kan i princip vem som helst vara byggherre oavsett kompetens.
Ett steg mot ett klimatsmartare byggande vore att ställa krav i Boverkets byggregler på att man vid projektering skall utföra en LCC kalkyl. Ett större individuellt ansvar för de faktiska koldioxidutsläpp som man bidrar med genom de beslut man tar vid en byggnation skulle kunna regleras i BBR genom att man utformade metoder för att mäta de faktiska koldioxidutsläpp en byggnad ger. Ett system med avgifter på de utsläpp man bidrar med skulle säkert medföra att man tänker till ordentligt innan man fattar beslut om hur en byggnad skall utformas. Ett krav på certifiering av landets byggherrar är rimligt med tanke på den betydelse han/hon har för samhällsutvecklingen.
Chabraoui, Sarah, and Ümran Tuncer. "Energieffektiva byggnaders påverkan på CO2-utsläpp : Norra Djurgårdsstaden i samarbete med Grontmij AB." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-125605.
Full textThis thesis has been implemented in collaboration with Grontmij AB and is intended to present three different proposals for buildings with the same design but constructed with different materials in the building envelope and structure. The proposals will be compared in their energy consumption and analyzed in their respective amounts of carbon emissions the buildings generate. The ambition is to demonstrate that carbon dioxide emissions are reduced by applying the environmental requirements from the City of Stockholm in cooperation with the Clinton Climate Initiative. Climate Positive Development Program was launched in 2009 and is a joint initiative between the Clinton Climate Initiative and the U.S. Green Building Council. The program supports 18 projects worldwide and Stockholm Royal Seaport (Norra Djurgårdsstaden) is one of the projects that will be an example to an economically successful and environmental sustainable urban development. The development of building has overtime changed and adapted to more environmental friendly and energy efficient alternatives. Energy efficient buildings and reduced carbon emissions has become more common, which are significant factors that affects the environment and our future. The development will strive for the better by building more sustainable and take the factors that have long been avoided, into account. The focus of this study is to analyze how well the designed buildings meet the environmental standards, concerning energy consumption and carbon emissions. The zon of Norra 2 (part of Hjorthagen 1:3 and Norra Djurgården 1:14) is taken into consideration while designing the buildings as well as the requirements for energy consumption and conformation. The thesis shall convey what affects the materials; wood, concrete and steel with brick façade, has on the energy consumption and carbon emission. The comparison between each buildings’ energy consumption gives an insight of which materials and which design that should be used for future constructions and urbanization. The result of the energy consumption is calculated by the program VIP-Energy, obtained from Grontmij AB. Proposal 1 – wooden frame, received an annual energy consumption of 25 kWh/m2, proposal 2 – concrete frame received an of 22 kWh/m2 and proposal 3 – steel structure with a brick façade received an of 38 kWh/m2. The carbon dioxide emissions that are generated in relation to the making of the materials have been excluded in the calculations of this thesis. The carbon emissions has been calculated with the program VIP-Energy for each proposal; wood, concrete and steel with brick façade, where only the building proposals' process energy and electricity is taken into consideration. The heat supply is simply calculated by hand and has been compared with different distributions between district heating and geothermal heat pump. The carbon dioxide emissions are based on the buildings' energy supply. It resulted in that proposal 2, which had the lowest heat input (256 kWh), generates the least carbon emissions (28, 34 – 37, 12 kg CO2/year). The heating distribution for proposal 1 generates 52, 55 – 68, 73 kg CO2/year and proposal 3 generates 697,8 – 912,63 kg CO2/year.
Eriksson, Linda. "Energieffektiv byggnad genom proaktivt energiarbete vid byggprojektering : Projekteringsledarens roll." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42453.
Full textKarlsson, Simon. "Rätt fönster i olika väderstreck : En undersökning av energieffektiva fönsters påverkan på byggnaders energiprestanda." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224016.
Full textHultinsson, Petter, and Adrian Dikta. "Undersökning för att göra en byggnad mer energieffektiv: en fallstudie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95160.
Full textThere are today many buildings in Sweden that were built during a time when energy use was not considered a problem and thus did not have the same energy performance requirements as we have today. Therefore, in renovation, it is important to consider energy-efficient solutions. Studies show that it is possible to reduce the energy consumption of a building by 36-54 % through renovations, however, it is not always profitable when using a LCC-analysis.The study conducted by modeling and site visits to a multi-family housing with excessive energy use has been designed to reduce this through proposed measures. The results show that the installation of heat recovery and improvement of the building envelope have a major effect on the energy performance of the house. It has also been observed that the resident’s impact on the energy balance can be difficult to estimate, in which the study had problems to theoretically gaining the same energy consumption as the energy declaration shows.The proposals that are recommended are installation of heat recovery, solar cells, individual measurement and billing (IMD) and window/door seals as these are profitable according to the LCC analysis. With proposed measures, energy consumption has been reduced from 173 to 114 kWh/m2 per year, a reduction of 34 %.
Harlin, Anna, and Joel Edmark. "Förskola i Vega : Examensarbete som behandlar planeringen av en förskola." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-55888.
Full textKRAKAU, OLIVIA, and TORRE RAPP VIKTOR LA. "Optimal tjocklek av isoleringsmaterial i en energieffektiv byggnad : Minimering av primärenergianvändning, växthuspotential och kostnad ur ett livscykelperspektiv." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-238664.
Full textIn Sweden, the construction and real estate sector accounts for approximately one fifth of the carbon dioxide emissions and one third of the total energy use, mainly due to heating. In order to reduce both energy requirement and environmental impact, energy efficient measures are of great importance. Insulation materials play a major role in reducing heat losses. However, manufacturing of insulation materials is an energy-intensive process with impact on the environment. In this study, the life cycle impact of seven different insulation materials was determined. The study considers the energy efficient building “Backåkra 2” in Sweden, planned to be completed next year, as a case study for evaluating lifecycle environmental and economic performances. It is investigated how the operating energy in “Backåkra 2” is affected by the choice of different insulation materials and their thicknesses. The optimal thickness of each insulation material in the building was determined in order to minimize primary energy use, global warming potential and cost over a period of 50 years. For the determined thicknesses, other environmental impacts were also investigated. The evaluated insulation materials are glass wool, cellulose insulation, polyuretan/polyisocyanurat, vacuum insulation, aerogel, graphite foam insulation, and phenolic based insulation. In the lifecycle analysis, two different waste scenarios are also implemented, of which one has high material recycling and the other has high energy recovery. A sensitivity analysis examines the impact of the primary energy factor, the lifespan of the insulation materials, the carbon dioxide factor, the U-values in the building's windows and other values for the life cycle impact. The results show that the selected thickness of insulation material in the building today of 19 cm is close to the optimal thickness with respect to minimal primary energy use. If the insulation material has lower carbon dioxide emissions during its lifecycle, the thickness is at present close to the optimal thickness in terms of minimizing the global warming potential. Aerogel has the highest values in all impact categories in both waste scenarios. Vacuum insulation will achieve the lowest primary energy use at its optimal thicknesses of 11,26 cm for waste scenario 0 while cellulose will achieve the lowest primary energy use of all materials at a thickness of 64,5 cm for waste scenario 50. Cellulose insulation also has the lowest global warming potential, while graphite foam insulation has the lowest cost for the optimal thicknesses in both waste scenarios. Higher material recovery rates give optimum at larger thicknesses, while high energy recovery rates lead to thinner insulation thickness. Optimizing the thickness of insulation materials based on all three criteria (primary energy use, global warming potential and cost) can cause difficulties due to a high difference in results. The result in the analysis is sensitive to changes in lifespan, and this should be more carefully evaluated in future studies to resemble the real building. Future studies can also revolve around more general application of similar analysis for different types of buildings in different geographic regions. In some types of buildings, the impact of insulation materials on primary energy use and global warming potential compared to the total building is significant. In such cases, optimization of insulation thickness has a significant impact on the overall performance and can reduce the environmental impact generated by the building. In conclusion, this study can contribute to a reduction of the primary energy use, the environmental impact and the costs in an energy efficient building throughout the whole life cycle.