Academic literature on the topic 'Energy consumed'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Energy consumed.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Mohamed Aashik, S., Pradeep Jayarama, N. S. Abishlal, T. Abinayaa Sri, and A. Jenin Benedict. "Smart Energy Management and Load Monitoring of Individual Loads." E3S Web of Conferences 405 (2023): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340502013.
Full textAbstract:
As India continues to urbanise with its manufacturing sector growing, its energy demands have increased rapidly. In this period, the need for energy monitoring and conservation must be evident. So the consumers can monitor their load consumption by a digital wattmeter. But the digital wattmeter measures and shows the total power consumed by consumer appliances. The consumer has no idea about which appliance consumes more power. Also, the consumer will not be able to know whether any appliance is getting damaged. To resolve these issues, we have come up with this project which is an IOT-based energy monitoring and controlling system, used to measure the power consumed by each appliance (Load). The power consumed by each appliance can be monitored individually by the consumer and it also informs us if there is an issue through a web application. Also the web application stores the historical data of the power consumed by each load. An Internet of Things (IoT) technique was employed to make the system smart. A microcontroller with built-in Wi-Fi - ESP32 - was used to monitor and control each load using a web application.
2
Ivanova, Y., R. Bozhilov, and S. Ivanov. "Energy management controller." Agricultural Science and Technology 15, no. 1 (2023): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2023.01.009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The idea of designing a controller for electrical energy management is due to the need for energy saving and intelligent management of the consumed energy. The article presents the designed and studied device designed to limit the consumption of electrical energy within one day and the magnitude of the load current in single-phase circuits. Thus, the consumer (household consumer) of electrical energy can use the energy at time and in amount at will, but within pre-set limits. The paper discusses the principle of operation of the device for power consumption management, its main characteristics, and applications.
3
J, Gangadhar. "Consumer Interface Smart Energy Meter." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 2603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52209.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: It is realized that one of the defective subsystems adding to the tremendous budgetary loss in Power Supply Company is the conventional metering and charging framework. Mistakes get presented at each phase of charging the energy rates, similar to blunders with conventional meters, reading errors by human while noticing the consumed energy; and blunder during the preparation of paid and the due bills. The solution for this downside is a prepaid charging or billing framework of consumed energy. Most of the developing countries are shifting their conventional energy management practices to the modern one by replacing the old and conventional energy meters with the smart meters outfitted with the prepaid facility to quantify the power consumption so as to decrease the income deficits looked by utilities because of customer unwillingness to make consumed energy payments on time. Our proposed design embedded with Arduino and GSM technology is advancement over conventional energy meter, which enables consumer to effectively manage their electricity usage. The system performance is good with the acquired results. An earlier charging will undoubtedly get rid of the issues of unpaid bills and human mistakes in meter readings, along these lines guaranteeing justified income for the utility.
4
Larrick, Richard P., Jack B. Soll, and Ralph L. Keeney. "Designing better energy metrics for consumers." Behavioral Science & Policy 1, no. 1 (2015): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/237946151500100109.
Full textAbstract:
Consumers are often poorly informed about the energy consumed by different technologies and products. Traditionally, consumers have been provided with limited and flawed energy metrics, such as miles per gallon, to quantify energy use. We propose four principles for designing better energy metrics. Better measurements would describe the amount of energy consumed by a device or activity, not its energy efficiency; relate that information to important objectives, such as reducing costs or environmental impacts; use relative comparisons to put energy consumption in context; and provide information on expanded scales. We review insights from psychology underlying the recommendations and the empirical evidence supporting their effectiveness. These interventions should be attractive to a broad political spectrum because they are low cost and designed to improve consumer decisionmaking.
5
Džiugaitė-Tumėnienė, Rasa, Vidmantas Jankauskas, and Violeta Motuzienė. "ENERGY BALANCE OF A LOW ENERGY HOUSE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, no. 3 (2012): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2012.691107.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, such topics as improvement of energy efficiency of buildings and energy systems, development of sustainable building concepts, and promotion of renewable energy sources are in the focus of attention. The energy efficiency targets of the European Union are based on information regarding energy consumed by buildings. The amount of energy consumed by buildings depends on the main influencing factors (namely, climate parameters, building envelope, energy systems, building operation and maintenance, activities and behaviour of occupants), which have to be considered in order to identify energy efficiency potentials and opportunities. The article aims to investigate the total amount of energy consumed by a low energy house, built in Lithuania, using a combination of energy consumption data received from a simulation and measured energy consumption data. The energy performance analysis in the low energy house revealed some factors that have the main influence on the total figures of energy consumed by the house. The identified significant factors were used to find the optimal solutions for the design of low energy buildings.
6
Zidan, Samah, Hoda Sayed Mohamed, Mohammed Musaed Al-Jabri, Sally Abd El Hamid Fayed, Ayiat Allah Wagdy Farag, and Yasmin Mohamed Ali. "Patterns and Factors Influencing High-Energy Beverage Consumption Among University Students." Malaysian Journal of Nursing 16, Suppl 1 (2024): 47–55. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2024.v16isupp1.005.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Energy beverages have become popular among youth, especially among university students, and the energy beverage market is a rapidly growing industry; it has many effects on health, so this study aims to assess patterns and factors affecting high-energy beverage consumption among university students. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. An online self-administered questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. Results: The data reveal that 55.2% of the studied sample consumed energy beverages and half (98.8% and 80.3%) respectively, female and male students consumed high-energy beverages for 1 – 2 weeks with a significant statistical difference (< 0.001 and 0.000058) between male and female students regarding the frequency of consumption and a maximum number of cans consumed per day, (60.2% and 47.1% ) female and male students respectively consume high-energy beverages for the reason of study and exams which was the main factor for consumption. Conclusion: More than half of the studied university students consume energy beverages regularly, and about two-thirds are male. For most, the main factor for consumption was study and exams. Unawareness regarding the ingredients of high-energy beverages and the belief that high-energy beverages have a good effect on health were significantly associated with consumption.
7
Hollingworth, Sophie, Michelle Dalton, John E. Blundell, and Graham Finlayson. "Evaluation of the Influence of Raw Almonds on Appetite Control: Satiation, Satiety, Hedonics and Consumer Perceptions." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (2019): 2030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092030.
Full textAbstract:
Snack foods can be substantial contributors to daily energy intake, with different types of snacks exerting potentially different effects on satiety per calorie consumed. The present research compared the effect of consuming almonds as a mid-morning snack compared to an energy and weight-matched comparator snack (savoury crackers) or the equivalent weight of water (zero energy control). In a crossover design, 42 female participants (age: 26.0 ± 7.9, BMI: 22.0 ± 2.0) consumed a fixed breakfast then a mid-morning snack. Appetite, 24-h energy intake, food hedonics, and consumer perceptions of the snack foods were assessed under laboratory conditions. AUC analyses revealed a lower overall hunger drive after consuming almonds compared to crackers or water. There was no difference in 24-h energy intake in the almond compared to the cracker or the zero-energy control condition, however participants consumed more energy in the cracker condition compared to the zero-energy control condition. In addition, almonds suppressed hedonic preference (implicit wanting) for consuming high-fat foods and demonstrated a higher satiety quotient (SQ) than crackers. Almonds were perceived to have a more favourable consumer profile aligned with successful weight management. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that in the context of a 24-h period of objectively measured energy intake, raw almonds are effective for controlling appetite compared to an energy matched alternative snack. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov [NCT02480582].
8
Sipkova, Veronika, Jiri Labudek, and Otakar Galas. "Low Energy Source Synthetic Thermal Energy Storage (STES)." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.143.
Full textAbstract:
The team of Building environment in VŠB-Technical university of Ostrava works intensively on options in long-term accumulation of heat in underground storages. The new concept follows the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings [1]. The Directive requires that energy should be extensively covered of renewable sources produced at or in the vicinity of building, where it will be consumed. The aim of the research is create thermal energy storage with model structure for complex of family house. For the storage will be used recycled materials especially recycled concrete. This system will be heat source in winter period and heat consumer in summer period.
9
Doughty, Christopher E., Søren Faurby, Adam Wolf, Yadvinder Malhi, and Jens-Christian Svenning. "Changing NPP consumption patterns in the Holocene: From megafauna-‘liberated’ NPP to ‘ecological bankruptcy’." Anthropocene Review 3, no. 3 (2016): 174–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053019616650466.
Full textAbstract:
There have been vast changes in how net primary production (NPP) has been consumed by humans and animals through the Holocene. Here we ask: how much NPP energy may have become available following the megafauna extinctions? When did humans, through agriculture and livestock, consume more NPP than wild mammals? When did humans and wild mammals use more energy than was available in total NPP in each country? The megafauna extinctions potentially liberated ~2.2–5.3% of global NPP that early humans eventually consumed. By 1850, humans began to consume more than wild mammals (globally averaged). Currently, >82% of people live in ‘ecologically bankrupt’ countries where all plant production could not satisfy our energy demands. To summarize, we began the Holocene with an NPP energy surplus, became the dominant consumers of NPP over the natural world by the start of the Industrial Revolution, but now consume more total energy (including fossil fuels) than is available in NPP in most countries.
10
Grib, Oleh, Igor Karpaliuk, Sergey Shvets, Oleksiy Luka, and Yevgen Kaurkin. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORONAL DISCHARGE AND HARMONIOUS COMPONENT AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ELECTRICITY QUALITY INDICATORS." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Hydraulic machines and hydraulic units, no. 2 (June 4, 2023): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2411-3441.2022.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of deterioration in the quality of electrical energy as a result of its excess consumption is considered. Such consumption is due to insufficient supply of thermal energy. The concept of general energy consumption by business entities is proposed. Within the framework of the concept, all types of energy consumed by the consumer are taken into account and a correlation dependence of the replacement of one type of energy with another is derived. Thus, a mathematical model of the interconnected energy pool consumed by the consumer is created. Within the framework of such a model, electrical energy, as the most versatile, can act as a substitute or supplement for other types of energy in the consumption pool. It is proposed to measure the types of energy by its market value, adjusted to the needs and demand of the consumer. Moreover, the dependence of the present value should be adjusted in accordance with the energy level of the surrounding space (seasonal temperatures), the need for activity, and so on. The adjustment is proposed to be carried out by the corresponding statistical coefficients. The energy connectivity model is proposed to be built in volume as a combination of the ends of vectors proportional to the present value of the corresponding type of energy. The slope of the vector must correspond to the degree of substitution of one type of energy by another. Thus, the dependence of the mutual influence of various types of energy consumed by the consumer is obtained. The largest amount of energy in our climate is thermal energy. Therefore, the lack of thermal energy or its low quality must be compensated by other types of consumer energy consumption. Since electrical energy is the most versatile, it is used primarily to equalize the body's energy consumption. Such consumption leads to a deterioration in the quality of electrical energy. The concept of the mutual influence of energies is being developed, in which the concept of "energy consumption body" is introduced to enable visual representation and calculation of the influence of the interconnectedness of energies and the creation of a methodology that allows improving the quality of electrical energy by predicting overconsumption for the introduction of timely measures.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Giri, Suman. "A Framework for Estimating Energy Consumed by Electric Loads Through Minimally Intrusive Approaches." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/564.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation explores the problem of energy estimation in supervised Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). NILM refers to a set of techniques used to estimate the electricity consumed by individual loads in a building from measurements of the total electrical consumption. Most commonly, NILM works by first attributing any significant change in the total power consumption (also known as an event) to a specific load and subsequently using these attributions (i.e. the labels for the events) to estimate energy for each load. For this last step, most proposed solutions in the field impart simplifying assumptions to make the problem more tractable. This has severely limited the practicality of the proposed solutions. To address this knowledge gap, we present a framework for creating appliance models based on classification labels and aggregate power measurements that can help relax many of these assumptions. Within the framework, we model the problem of utilizing a sequence of event labels to generate energy estimates as a broader class of problems that has two major components (i) With the understanding that the labels arise from a process with distinct states and state transitions, we estimate the underlying Finite State Machine (FSM) model that most likely generated the observed sequence (ii) We allow for the observed sequence to have errors, and present an error correction algorithm to detect and correct them. We test the framework on data from 43 appliances collected from 19 houses and find that it improves errors in energy estimates when compared to the case with no correction in 19 appliances by a factor of 50, leaves 17 appliances unchanged, and negatively impacts 6 appliances by a factor of 1.4. This approach of utilizing event sequences to estimate energy has implications in virtual metering of appliances as well. In a case study, we utilize this framework in order to substitute the need of plug-level sensors with cheap and easily deployable contacless sensors, and find that on the 6 appliances virtually metered using magnetic field sensors, the inferred energy values have an average error of 10:9%.
2
Петков, Александр Александрович. "Стимулирование использования альтернативных источников энергии для энергоснабжения индивидуального дома". Thesis, Одеський національний політехнічний університет, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/34008.
Full textAbstract:
В работе предложен возможный вариант решения проблемы дальнейшего стимулирования развития нетрадиционной и возобновляемой энергетики в условиях Украины. Рассмотрены материалы применимые к альтернативным источникам энергии, которые сооружаются при индивидуальных строениях.<br>The paper suggests a possible solution to the problem of further stimulating the development of unconventional and renewable energy in the conditions of Ukraine. Materials considered applicable to alternative energy sources that are constructed under individual structures are considered.
3
Flórez, García Luís Carlos. "Estudio del mecanizado asistido por vibración." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669565.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of assisted vibration, VAM, in the process of turning steel. Initially, the surface finish generated in a lathe displacement is studied utilizing a geometric intersection software developed in Pascal programming language. The average and maximum roughness are calculated both linearly and superficially for different cutting parameters. The conclusion is synchronism between the vibration frequency and lathe spindle's speed reduce the roughness in the surface topography of the material. However, the values of the machining parameters are not easy to establish to generate synchronism on a conventional lathe.
Then, the VAM is analyzed by means of the finite element method, FEM, using explicit dynamics in the commercial software ANSYS. The 2D model is proposed and validated for conventional turning conditions; this model used as the basis for the study of assisted vibration simulating under different conditions of frequency and oscillation of the tool. It concluded that vibration assisted cutting reduces the value of the average force used in the cut.
Next, the energy efficiency of VAM turning is studied, using the specific cut-off energy, SCE, in the models assisted by vibration in EMF as an evaluation indicator. This indicator commonly used in the study of machining and therefore used as one of the validation variables of the conventional turning model. A comparison made through the specific relative cutting energy between machining using VAM and conventional cutting. It concluded that the machining by VAM is more energy-efficient than conventional machining, that it is even more if it vibrates in the direction of the cutting speed.
Then, the experimentation of the linear turning carried out using a new resonant tool that vibrates in the cutting direction; for this, the coil circuit configured to work in resonance with the tool. The coil vibrates the tool in its second natural mode and it oscillates in the direction of the cutting speed. Then proceed to carry out the tests on the lathe, the energy consumed by the lathe, the rate of material removed and the specific energy consumed is calculated. Finally, the results are analyzed and it concluded that the use of VAM reduces the specific energy consumed in the S235 alloy by an average of 13% and in the C45E 9%.<br>El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia de la vibración asistida, VAM, en el proceso de torneado de acero. Inicialmente se estudia el acabado superficial generado en un cilindrado por torno, por medio de un software de intersección geométrica elaborado en lenguaje de programación Pascal. Se calcula la rugosidad media y máxima de manera tanto lineal como superficial para diferentes parámetros de corte. La conclusión es que el sincronismo entre la frecuencia de vibración y la velocidad del husillo del torno reducen la rugosidad en la topografía superficial del material. Sin embargo, los valores de los parámetros de mecanizado no son fáciles de establecer para generar el sincronismo en un torno convencional. Luego, se analiza el VAM por medio del método de elementos finitos, FEM, utilizando dinámica explicita en el software comercial ANSYS. Se plantea y valida el modelo 2D para las condiciones de torneado convencional, este modelo se utiliza como base para el estudio de vibración asistida simulando bajo diferentes condiciones de frecuencia y oscilación de la herramienta. Se concluye que el corte asistido por vibración reduce el valor de la fuerza media utilizada en el corte. A continuación, se estudia la eficiencia energética del torneado con VAM, utilizando como indicador de evaluación la energía especifica de corte, SCE, en los modelos asistidos por vibración en FEM. Este indicador es de uso común en el estudio de mecanizados y por tanto es utilizado como una de las variables de validación del modelo de torneado convencional. Se realiza una comparación por medio de la energía específica de corte relativa entre un mecanizado utilizando VAM y un corte convencional. Se concluye que el mecanizado por VAM es más eficiente energéticamente y que lo es aún más si vibra en la dirección de la velocidad de corte. Después, se realiza la experimentación del torneado lineal utilizando una nueva herramienta resonante que vibra en la dirección de corte, para ello, se configura el circuito de la bobina para trabajar en resonancia con la herramienta. La bobina hace vibrar la herramienta en su segundo modo natural y esta oscila en la dirección de la velocidad de corte. Luego, se realizan los ensayos en el torno, se mide la energía consumida por el torno, la tasa de material removido y se calcula la energía especifica consumida. Finalmente, se analizan los resultados y se concluye que el uso del VAM reduce la energía específica consumida en la aleación de acero S235 un promedio de 13% y en el C45E un 9%. Palabras clave: vibración asistida, mecanizado, energía específica de corte, energía específica consumida, método de elementos finitos, acabado superficial.
4
Beltramo, Agnese. "Active consumers at the centre of the energy system : Towards modelling consumer behaviour in OSeMOSYS." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192553.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on assessing current technologies, policies, KPIs and modelling tools for enhancing the characterization of current energy demand coming from the residential sector in long term energy models. Today, thanks to the increasing spreading of smart grid and metering systems through the energy sector, new features are made available, allowing for more customized and optimal use of energy technologies, according to consumers’ behaviours and attitudes that affect energy demand. Through the assessment undertaken in this study, a more detailed representation of the residential demand has been made possible. In addition, it has been allowed also to identify potential benefits coming from a more flexible use of technologies and the consumer’s engagement in optimally monitoring and managing energy consumption. Finally, the OSeMOSYS modelling tool has been enhanced with a better characterisation of the demand side in its Reference Energy System. A solution for defining rates of flexibility for the demand side technologies analysed has been proposed. In addition, a theoretical framework for integrating consumers’ behaviours and attitudes in the system has been developed. This has been based on the modelling of virtual technologies representing costs and variations in energy demand associated with specific behavioural patterns, following the example provided by the Socio-MARKAL model.<br>Denna Thesis fokuserar på att bedöma nuvarande teknik, politik, nyckeltal och modelleringsverktyg i syftet att förbättra hur den aktuella energiefterfrågan av bostadssektorn karakteriseras i långsiktiga energimodeller. Idag har spridningen av smarta nät och mätsystem inom energisektorn ökats. Dessa tillbringar nya funktioner som möjliggör en mer anpassad och optimal användning av energiteknik: de kan nu följa beteenden och attityder som påverkar konsumenternas efterfrågan på energi. Bedömningen som genomförts i denna studie möjliggör en mer detaljerad representation av bostäders efterfrågan. Dessutom kan vi nu upptäcka de potentiella fördelarna av att, å ena sidan, ha flexibla användningar av teknologier, och, å det andra, att ha engagerade konsumenter som övervakar det optimala styrning av deras energikonsumtion. Slutligen har det OSeMOSYS modelleringsverktyget stärkts genom en bättre beskrivning av Reference Energy Systems efterfrågesida. En lösning som definierar flexibilitetsnivåer på efterfrågesidan teknologier som analyserats har föreslagits. Dessutom har ett teoretiskt ramverk som integrerar konsumenternas beteenden och attityder in i systemet utvecklats. Med referens till den Socio MARKAL-modellen har detta baserats på modellering av virtuella teknologier som föreställer både kostnader av och variationer i efterfrågan på energi i samband med specifika beteendemönster.
5
Ribeiro, Erika Barbosa. "Desafios para expansão do mercado de fontes incentivadas: uma análise de atratividade do ponto de vista do consumidor especial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-20072009-151157/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atratividade da contratação de energia proveniente de fontes incentivadas PCHs, Biomassa, Eólica e Solar - no mercado livre, para empresas do setor comercial com conjunto de unidades consumidoras que atendam às exigências da Resolução ANEEL nº 247/2006. Esta resolução representa um marco importante para a comercialização de energia incentivada, permitindo que unidades consumidoras que possuem o mesmo CNPJ ou estão localizadas em áreas contíguas contratem essa energia, desde que o somatório das demandas do agrupamento de unidades totalize, no mínimo, 500 kW. É apresentado ao longo deste trabalho o processo de gestão de contratos de energia no ambiente livre, focando nas alterações resultantes da nova regulamentação para consumidores especiais. A atratividade da contratação de energia incentivada é analisada através de uma simulação de custos nos ambientes livre e cativo, para 20 unidades consumidoras. É realizado um comparativo do perfil de consumo destas unidades para identificar diferenças entre as que apresentam viabilidade econômica para contratação de energia incentivada e as demais, também foram considerados na simulação diferentes cenários de preços e o impacto do investimento no Sistema de Medição e Faturamento.<br>This work aims at analyzing the attractiveness of renewable energy sources contracting SHPs, Biomass, Aeolic and Solar in the free market for commercial enterprises whose consumption units are in accordance with ANEELs Resolution n° 247/2006. This resolution represents an important landmark in the commercialization of renewable energy for it allows the consumer units with the same CNPJ or located in adjacent areas to contract this kind of energy, only if the sum of the units demands amount to at least 500 kW. The process of energy contracts management in free contracting ambience is presented in this research, which also focuses on the modifications that result from the new regulation for special consumers. The attractiveness of renewable energy contracting is analyzed through a simulation of costs in free contracting ambiences and in ambiences arranged to 20 consumer units. Comparison with these units consuming profile was made in order to identify differences between the units that have economic feasibility for renewable energy contracting and the other ones. In the simulation, different price scenarios and the investments impact on the Measurement System for Billing were also taken into account.
6
Bardelin, Cesar Endrigo Alves. "Os efeitos do racionamento de energia elétrica ocorrido no Brasil em 2001 e 2002 com ênfase no consumo de energia elétrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-23062005-084739/.
Full textAbstract:
O racionamento de energia elétrica não foi a primeira crise no setor elétrico, sendo que ocorreram anteriormente outras crises no Brasil e em outros países. A causa do déficit, que gerou o racionamento, foi que o crescimento do parque gerador brasileiro não acompanhou o crescimento do consumo da forma adequada. O racionamento produziu impacto no consumo de energia elétrica de forma singular, provocando redução no consumo brasileiro em torno de 24 %, influenciando até onde não houve racionamento e mantendo efeitos no consumo mesmo após o seu término. Foram calculadas as conseqüências do racionamento no consumo de energia elétrica por região, por setor, na demanda e em casos específicos. Os métodos de cálculos foram empregados considerando o crescimento no consumo em 2001, no período pré-crise de energia levando em consideração a sazonalidade dos períodos. As influências do racionamento não ficaram restritas ao consumo de energia elétrica, tendo efeitos no setor elétrico, na indústria, no comércio, na economia, na política nacional e na vida das pessoas em geral.<br>The electric power rationing was not the first crisis in the electric section, and they happened other crises previously in Brazil and in other countries. The cause of the deficit that generated the rationing, was the growth of the generator Brazilian park didn't accompany the growth of the consumption in the appropriate way. The rationing impactou in the energy consumption electric in a singular way, provoking reduction in the Brazilian consumption around 24%, influencing up to where there was not rationing and maintaining effects in the same consumption after his end. The consequences of the rationing were calculated in the electric energy consumption by area, for section, in the demand and in specific cases. The methods of calculations were employees considering the growth in the consumption in 2001, in the period pré-crisis of energy taking into account the seasonal variation of the periods. The influences of the rationing were not restricted to the electric energy consumption, tends effects in the electric section, in the it elaborates, in the trade, in the economy, in the national politics and in the life of the people in general.
7
Santos, Paulo Roberto dos. "Avaliação da demanda e consumo de energia eletrica em apartamentos residenciais : o caso da cidade de Campinas-SP." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258226.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Carlos Alberto Mariotoni<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T09:16:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Santos_PauloRobertodos_M.pdf: 2495350 bytes, checksum: 10a41e1d4144db2a991b1b570a7bc2f5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2006<br>Resumo: A eletricidade assume cada vez mais importância na matriz energética e muitas ações, baseadas em planejamentos sérios, são necessárias para garantia de que haverá a disponibilidade das necessidades futuras. Para se ter parâmetros que possam balizar esses planejamentos, se faz necessário conhecer os usos atuais, e com bases nestes, seguir modelos de previsões que mostrem quais serão essas necessidades futuras. Estando focado no consumo de energia elétrica para fins residenciais, verifica-se que seus valores estão intimamente ligados aos comportamentos dos usuários e muitos métodos de previsão apresentam a área das edificações como parâmetro para indicação da demanda e consumo. Teve-se como objetivo verificar o consumo de energia elétrica em uma amostra dos apartamentos residenciais de Campinas, e escolheram-se para estudo algumas variáveis que pudessem estar associadas aos comportamentos dos usuários e representar este consumo. Foi feita uma pesquisa de levantamento de formulários em 540 apartamentos, nos quais se questionou o consumo de energia elétrica mensal, número de ocupantes, idades, escolaridades, renda familiar e posse de equipamentos eletrodomésticos. Para evitarem-se vícios na amostra, foram estudadas as divisões regionais oficiais da cidade, e de acordo com esse estudo, calculou-se uma amostragem que seguisse a proporção da população espalhada por essas diversas regiões. Os formulários foram distribuímos de acordo com essa proporcionalidade. As respostas foram agrupadas em um banco de dados e foram usados cálculos estatísticos para estratificação dos resultados da amostragem. Foi usada regressão múltipla para se verificar quais variáveis seriam mais representativas do consumo de energia elétrica residencial. Na comparação dos dados dos eletrodomésticos com o consumo, percebeu-se com surpresa que os dados de sugestão do PROCEL apresentaram valores bem maiores de consumo que os observados na amostra estudada. Também se encontrou que o número de moradores, a renda familiar, a faixa etária desses moradores e a posse dos equipamentos eletrodomésticos são variáveis representativas desse consumo. O consumo médio encontrado foi de 163 kWh/mês por apartamento e a variável ¿área do apartamento¿ mostrou-se ser insuficiente para indicar a previsão de consumo e demanda devido ao seu baixo coeficiente de correlação com o mesmo. Os resultados desta análise são de grande importância, pois mostram que são necessárias atualizações nos valores de consumo e novas formulações que considerem outras variáveis para indicação dos consumos atuais de energia e poder-se então, fazer um planejamento para o futuro<br>Abstract: As time goes by, the electricity assumes more importance in the energy matrix and many actions, based on serious planning, are necessary for guarantee that we will have the availability of the necessary future amounts. In order to have parameters that can give support to these planning, it is necessary to know the current uses, and based in these knowledge, to follow forecast models that can show what will be these future necessities. Looking for the consumption of electric energy for household sector, it was verified that the values are strongly linked with the users¿ behaviors and many methods of forecast present the squares of the buildings as parameter for indication of the demand and electrical energy consumption. The objective of this work was to verify the electric energy consumption in a sample of residential apartments of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Some variables were chosen for study that could be linked with the users¿ behaviors and by this way, it was tried to find the most representative variable of this consumption. For this, it was made a survey research through forms in 540 apartments of Campinas in which it was asked for the monthly electric energy consumption and other variable as number of inhabitants, distribution ages, instructions, familiar income and household-electric appliances ownership. In order to be more representative as possible and avoid mistakes caused by chose just part of the population, It was studied the city official regional divisions and made a sampling that followed the ratio of the population distributed for these several regions. The forms were distributed in accordance with this distribution study. The answers were grouped in a database; were used statistical calculations to separate the sampling studied results and to make analysis of them. It was made multiple regressions to verify which variable would be more representative of the household electric energy consumption in the sample. In comparison between the household-electric appliances consumption data, where it was used suggestion values of the PROCEL (Government Program of Energetic Efficiency), with the sample consumption, surprised because the appliances data had bigger values of consumption than it was observed in the studied sample. Also was found that the numbers of inhabitants, the familiar income, the ages of the inhabitants and the household-electric appliances ownership are representative factors of the consumption. The average consumption found was 163 kWh/month for apartment and the variable ¿squares of the apartment¿ revealed to be insufficient to indicate the forecast of consumption and demand due to it have low correlation coefficient with the consumption. This analysis results have great importance because they show that are necessary new updates in the consumption values and also that is necessary to discover new formularizations, which need to consider different variables that presented in oldies studies, to let us to know the real current consumptions of electric energy and help to make planning for the future<br>Mestrado<br>Recursos Hidricos<br>Mestre em Engenharia Civil
8
Cardoso, Ademir Donisete [UNESP]. "Gerenciador de consumo e demanda de energia elétrica em baixa tensão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99306.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2006-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
cardoso_ad_me_guara.pdf: 1861118 bytes, checksum: 3ea37c834a1980696d42ea553da7a0fe (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema gerenciador de energia elétrica, do ponto de vista de sua concepção e do desenvolvimento de um protótipo que deve ser adaptado a medidores eletromecânicos de indução tipo Ferraris para leitura automática do consumo de energia para fins de faturamento. Incialmente se apresenta na fundamentação teórica os assuntos importantes para o desenvolvimento do trabalho. Na sequência o trabalho apresenta a concepção do sistema desenvolvido ilustrando as alternativas e opções técnicas adotadas. Em seguida se apresenta como o sistema desenvolvido pode ser utilizado pelas concessionárias de energia para implementar um esquema de tarifa diferenciada para seus consumidores. Uma análise de diferentes cenários de implantação é feita. O objetivo principal para a adaptação de medidores eletromecânicos é permitir um certo nível da automatização, a baixo custo, da leitura de unidades consumidoras do grupo B. O medidor adaptado envia um sinal para um concentrador através da própria rede de distribuição. A partir desse concentrador, os dados podem ser coletados ou retransmitidos por diferentes tecnologias exixtentes, no protótipo implementado os dados são enviados usando a rede de telefonica móvel GSM/GPRS.<br>This work presents the development of an electric energy managemnt system, with the point of view of its conception and of the development of a prototype that must be adapted to Ferraris induction electromechanical measures for automatic reading of the consumption of energy for incoicing ends. Initially we present the important subjects for the development of the work. Then we present the conception of developed system illustrating the alternatives and the techniques adopted. After that, it is presented as the developed system can be used by the energy concessionaires to implement a project of differentiated tariff for its consumers. Analyses of different implantation sceneries are made. The main objective for the adaptation of electromechanical measures is to allow a certain level of the automatization, at low cost, of the reading of units consumers of group B. The measurer sends a signal for a concentrator through the proper net of distribution. From this concentrator, the data can be collected or be relyed by different exiting technologies. In the implemented prototype the data are sent using the GSM/GPRS technology.
9
Santos, Aldecy de Almeida, Weliton Ttatom Pereira Da Silva, and Claudete Therezinha Schmidt. "Proposta de um modelo matemático do consumo residêncial de energia: estudo de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso – Brasil." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119460.
Full textAbstract:
At present time, enterprises differ from each other by the knowledge they have of their business which hives them a competitive advantage. Lack of knowledge or false information may mean losses and even entrepreneurial death. In this scenario energy management with true billing of residential energy is one of the determinant factors of the enterprise success. The existence of 15% losses and the competitive need of enterprises justify the proposal to do a research validating the application of a mathematical model to the consumption of residential energy. This model is based on historic series in a six-year period, from 2001 to 2006. To do this, I made an statistic analysis of possible explicative variables and searched for mathematic models using a projection of the residential energy consumption. The results showed the need to insert economic variables, because of the existence of a great socioeconomic gap among the Cuiabá residences, and it also showed fraud possibilities in energy consumption.<br>En el momento económico actual, las empresas se diferencian por el conocimiento que tengano que ciertamente les otorgue una ventaja competitiva. La desinformación o falsa información puede significar pérdidas y hasta la muerte empresarial. En este escenario se encuentra la gestión energética con la verdad en la facturación residencial de energía como uno de los factores determinantes del éxito empresarial. La existencia del 15% de pérdidas y la necesidad de competitividad de las empresas justifica la propuesta de investigaciones validando la aplicación de un modelo matemático al consumo residencial de energía. Se basa en series históricas de seis años desde el 2001 al 2006. Para el caso, se hizo un análisis estadístico de variables posiblemente explicativas y se buscó modelos matemáticos como una proyección del consumo residencial de energía. Los resultados reportan la necesidad de insertar variables económicas, pues, la existenciade un abismo socioeconómico entre las residencias de Cuiabá, evidenció también la posibilidad de fraudes en el consumo de energía.<br>No momento econômico atual as empresas se diferenciam no conhecimento que detêm o quecertamente as colocam em vantagem competitiva. A desinformação ou a falsa informação pode significar perdas e até mesmo morte empresarial. Neste cenário, encontrase a gestão energética com a veracidade da fatura residencial de energia como um dos fatores determinantes do sucesso empresarial. A existência de 15% de perdas e a necessidade de competitividade das empresas justifica a propositura de pesquisas objetivando a aplicação de um modelo matemático ao consumo residencial de energia. Baseado em série históricas de seis anos, cujo período abrange desde 2001 a 2006. Para tal, realizouse análise estatística de variáveis possivelmente explicativas e se buscou modelos matemáticos com a projeção do consumo residencial de energia. Os resultados reportam a necessidade de inserção de variáveis econômicas, a existência de um abismo socioeconômico entre as residências de Cuiabá, evidenciou também a possibilidade de existência de fraudes no consumo de energia.
10
Biazotto, Luiz Henrique. "Consumo de energia e qualidade do servi?o em redes IEEE802.11." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2012. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/523.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Luiz Henrique Biazotto.pdf: 2826699 bytes, checksum: ea3eea233d66bf1af34e5d7f5d20420d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-06-28<br>Nowadays, the growth of energy consumption is a global concern due to the possibility of having lack of primary sources. Specially, the consume of electrical energy associated with communications network also eached significantly levels. In this context, researches related to energy efficiency are extremely important.Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the consumption of electrical energy related to IEEE802.11 networks, searching for the relation between this consumption and different parameters of QoS.<br>Atualmente, o crescimento do consumo de energia el?trica se constitui em preocupa??o mundial, devido ? possibilidade de escassez das fontes prim?rias. Em especial, o consumo de energia el?trica associado ?s redes de comunica??o tamb?m atingiu n?veis significativos. Nesse contexto, pesquisas associadas ? ?rea de efici?ncia energ?tica s?o de fundamental import?ncia. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o consumo de energia el?trica associado a redes IEEE802.11, investigando a rela??o dessa grandeza com diferentes par?metros de Qualidade de Servi?o (QoS).
Books on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Association, Australian Automobile, and Apelbaum Consulting Group, eds. The Australian transport task and the primary energy consumed: The 1990/91 compendium. The Group, 1993.
Find full text
2
Paul, Cartwright, Blend Jeff, Nordell Larry, Montana. Dept. of Environmental Quality., and Montana Environmental Quality Council, eds. Understanding energy in Montana: A guide to electricity, natural gas, coal and petroleum produced and consumed in Montana. Montana Environmental Quality Council, 2004.
Find full text
3
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture. Expressing the sense of Congress that it is the goal of the United States that, not later than January 1, 2025, the agricultural, forestry, and working land of the United States should provide from renewable resources not less than 25 percent of the total energy consumed in the United States and continue to produce safe, abundant, and affordable food, feed, and fiber: Report (to accompany H. Con. Res. 25). U.S. G.P.O., 2007.
Find full text
4
Alfredsson, Eva. Green consumption energy use and carbon dioxide emission. Dept. of Social and Economic Geography, Spatial Modelling Centre, Umeå University, 2002.
Find full text
5
Ester, Peter. Consumer Behavior and Energy Conservation. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7710-6.
Full text
6
Limited, Mintel International Group, ed. Energy efficiency and the consumer. Mintel International Group Limited, 1997.
Find full text
7
United States. Conservation and Renewable Energy Inquiry and Referral Service, ed. Solar energy systems consumer tips. 5th ed. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Conservation and Renewable Energy Inquiry and Referral Service, 1985.
Find full text
8
Children's Learning in Science Project., ed. Approaches to teaching energy: Energy and ourselves : energy for the consumer. Centre for Studies in Science and Mathematics Education, Leeds University, 1987.
Find full text
9
European Commission. Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, ed. Education on energy: Teaching tomorrow's energy consumers. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2006.
Find full text
10
1955-, Meyers Stephen, and Stockholm Environment Institute, eds. Energy efficiency and human activity: Past trends, future prospects. Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Kruglov, Artem, Giancarlo Succi, and Gcinizwe Dlamini. "System Energy Consumption Measurement." In Developing Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Software Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11658-2_3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOver the years, the task to reduce energy consumed by a system has been mainly assigned to computer hardware developers. This is mainly because it is believed that the hardware is the principal component that consumes more electrical energy. However, the software also plays a vital role in power usage. Hardware works hand in hand with software programs. It has become equally important to estimate the energy consumed as a whole using artificial intelligence-based approaches. Machine learning is presented as one of the scalable approaches toward efficiently and accurately estimating energy consumed in the software development domain.
2
Valiela, Ivan. "Processing of Consumed Energy." In Marine Ecological Processes. Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4125-4_7.
Full text
3
Valiela, Ivan. "Processing and Uses of Consumed Energy." In Marine Ecological Processes. Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79070-1_9.
Full text
4
Galkin, Andrii, Paula Bajdor, Dmytro Prunenko, et al. "Assessing Buyer’s Energy Consumed in the Purchase Process." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90241-4_52.
Full text
5
Yao, Fulai, and Yaming Yao. "Efficiency Optimization of Wind Power Hydrogen Production System." In Efficient Energy-Saving Control and Optimization for Multi-Unit Systems. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4492-3_22.
Full text
6
Saleh, Ahmed Yakdhan, and Mohammed Twfeq Al Husaen Aga. "Amount of Energy Consumed During Resistance Exercises: Short Review." In Advances in Sports Science and Technology. CRC Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003616283-101.
Full text
7
Kacar, Betul, and Alper Dalkiran. "The Effect of Energy Consumed at Airports on Sustainability and Examination of Society Education." In Springer Proceedings in Energy. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30171-1_98.
Full text
8
Beyer, Dirk, and Philipp Wendler. "CPU Energy Meter: A Tool for Energy-Aware Algorithms Engineering." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_8.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Verification algorithms are among the most resource-intensive computation tasks. Saving energy is important for our living environment and to save cost in data centers. Yet, researchers compare the efficiency of algorithms still in terms of consumption of CPU time (or even wall time). Perhaps one reason for this is that measuring energy consumption of computational processes is not as convenient as measuring the consumed time and there is no sufficient tool support. To close this gap, we contribute CPU Energy Meter, a small tool that takes care of reading the energy values that Intel CPUs track inside the chip. In order to make energy measurements as easy as possible, we integrated CPU Energy Meter into BenchExec, a benchmarking tool that is already used by many researchers and competitions in the domain of formal methods. As evidence for usefulness, we explored the energy consumption of some state-of-the-art verifiers and report some interesting insights, for example, that energy consumption is not necessarily correlated with CPU time.
9
Ladwig, Theresa. "A Techno-Economic Comparison of Demand Side Management with Other Flexibility Options." In The Future European Energy System. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60914-6_9.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis chapter assesses the techno-economic characteristics of demand side management (DSM) in comparison with other flexibility options (e.g., energy storages) in order to estimate its flexibility and benefit for the system integration of renewable energy sources (RES). The results show that load shedding and load shifting are less flexible than other flexibility options and can therefore only balance short-term fluctuations. In contrast, load increase is more flexible and can integrate excess feed-in from RES also over longer periods. Analysis about the impact of DSM on other flexibility options show, that DSM lowers utilization and contribution margin of peak load plants and energy storages, while it increases both for baseload power plants. More electricity is consumed nationally due to DSM as it decreases imports and exports.
10
Clinciu, Mihai, Anghel Chiru, and Stefanita Ciunel. "The Importance of Consumed Energy for Deformation in Study of Collision." In CONAT 2016 International Congress of Automotive and Transport Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45447-4_94.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Ordonez, Carlos, and Wojciech Macyna. "Optimizing Energy Consumed by Analytics in the Cloud." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata62323.2024.10825559.
Full text
2
Tariq, Raazia, Mégane Gammoudi, Omer Hanif Khan, Franz Alwin Dürrwald, Juan A. Cabrera, and Frank H. P. Fitzek. "Using Reinforcement Learning for Optimizing Energy Consumed by Base Stations." In 2024 5th International Conference on Communications, Information, Electronic and Energy Systems (CIEES). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ciees62939.2024.10811161.
Full text
3
Todorov, Todor, and Emil Iontchev. "Method for Monitoring the Quality and Quantity of Consumed Electrical Energy in Real Time." In 2024 32nd National Conference with International Participation (TELECOM). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/telecom63374.2024.10812224.
Full text
4
Dolinay, Viliam, Jiri Palka, Lucie Pivnickova, Jan Dolinay, and Lubomir Vasek. "Sunny days and consumed energy." In 2011 12th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/carpathiancc.2011.5945819.
Full text
5
Chen, Xiang, Yiran Chen, Zhan Ma, and Felix C. A. Fernandes. "How is energy consumed in smartphone display applications?" In the 14th Workshop. ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2444776.2444781.
Full text
6
Fowler, Nathaniel, Jeff Wiand, Bryan Eddy, Andrew D. Lowery, and James E. Smith. "Green Heat: Hot Water Energy Offset System." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32058.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of renewable energy systems is often regarded by the consumer to be too costly and too complex to maintain and operate. For instance converting sunlight or wind energy to electricity along with the conditioning equipment required to put energy into the system can be cost prohibitive for a residential or commercial application. The proposed system implements multiple renewable energy components working in series. These components bypass those costly electrical energy conversions by converting the acquired energy into heat, which can be utilized to offset a portion of the energy consumed within the home or business. This system can be made completely transparent with little or no impact on the consumers’ lifestyle. Also, the proposed system, by only attempting to offset a portion of the current usage, will be simple and inexpensive to assemble and maintain with a short return on investment. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration an estimated 10 quadrillion Btu’s are consumed by 113.6 million houses in the United States, while 1.8 quadrillion Btu’s of the total energy is used for hot water heating [1]. It has been shown that approximately 20% of the energy costs associated with most residential and small commercial businesses stem from hot water heating. A patent-pending technology, called a viscous controller, attached at the base of a wind turbine, which operates in series with a traditional thermal solar collector to supplement the energy used in the hot water tank. This technology reduces the cost of the system and allows for the average homeowner and small business owner to offset their current energy usage, incorporate renewable energy sources, and offer a 4–5 year return on initial investment. More importantly, if this system is implemented in only a portion of the target market, it has the potential to completely offset the rising energy demands for the United States each year for the foreseeable future.
7
Hassan, Mahmoud A. "Efficient Concept of Low Energy Building." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79198.
Full textAbstract:
Low energy architect is a major target of building researchers and designers worldwide. Obviously, any portion of energy that can be saved in this respect can be directed to industrial processes, if any. Building energy consumption can be reduced through various systems such as air conditioning (a major building energy consumer), lighting, equipment, etc. In regions where energy is limited or scarce, air conditioning would have to be replaced by natural ventilation for the removal of the building heat load for thermal comfort. Also, energy conservation issues are being more important in hot arid regions, especially because the building are consuming more than 60% of electric energy generated and about 65% of this energy is consumed for cooling. There is a set of complex factors, which determine energy needs in building, such as solar radiation, type of A/C systems, building operation, thermal properties of the building envelop... etc. In the present decade the aim is to discuss the advantage of energy efficient building design. There is several ways to reduce the energy consumed for the human comfort process, but what is the most energy efficient or more energy saving from these ways. One of these is the insulation, which can be used for insulating the wall and the roof, which subjected to the large amount of the solar heat gain. The insulation of the roof is intended to maximize resident’s thermal comfort and minimize energy consumption of housing. The parameters, which are effect on the thermal performance of the roof, are the color, general construction, insulation and ventilation. This paper present the effect of insulation of the roof on the amount of energy consumed for different types of insulation in order to select the suitable insulation which give the minimum cost and maximum energy saving. This work was done using an energy software program (Visual DOE). This paper provided suggestions to improve the building construction for the thermal comfort. A parametric analysis was investigated for the economic analysis of various insulating building materials.
8
Maitra, Subhashis. "Embedded Energy Meter- A New Concept To Measure The Energy Consumed By A Consumer And To Pay The Bill." In 2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference (POWERCON). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpst.2008.4745360.
Full text
9
Singh, Santosh Pratap, Ashish Dutta, and Anupam Saxena. "Design of a Biped Robot With Torsion Springs at the Joints for Reduced Energy Consumption During Walk." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86595.
Full textAbstract:
Biped robots have multiple degrees of freedom for walking and hence they consume a lot of energy. In this paper it is proposed that adding torsion springs at the joints of an 8 DOF biped will lead to reduced energy consumption during walk. First the dynamic equations of motion of the biped robot are obtained incorporating the torsion springs at the joints. Using the dynamic model the total energy consumed during walk was evaluated for a single step. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based algorithm was developed for finding the energy optimal trajectory during gait by comparing all the possible trajectories. It is first proved that addition of torsion springs at the joints lead to reduction of energy consumption as compared to a biped with no springs. All the gait parameters were then optimized to get the optimum values for the spring constants at each joint, reference angle of springs and length of each step. It is proved that using these optimal parameters the proposed biped robot consumes the least energy.
10
Berjoza, Dainis, Inara Jurgena, and Jiri Masek. "Changes in electric car energy consumption depending on mass." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf035.
Full textAbstract:
The use of electric cars has developed rapidly in the last 10 years. The capacity of car batteries has increased. Initially, batteries with a capacity of 16-22 kWh were used, while today the batteries of modern electric cars have at least 3 times more capacity. The main disadvantage of any type of battery is the low specific energy density per kilogram of battery mass. Liquid fuel used in most vehicles today has one of the highest energy densities. This means that a liquid fuel tank with a relatively small mass can store and transport a much larger amount of energy than can be stored in the batteries of an electric car. The research designed and tested an analytical algorithm for calculating the energy consumed, depending on the change in the mass of electric cars. By choosing an electric car with a lighter battery, it is possible to achieve significant savings in reducing environmental pollution. Lower capacity and mass batteries consume less energy and raw material resources. Electric cars equipped with lower mass batteries can achieve more economical operation due to lower energy consumption per kilometre. However, the use of lower-capacity batteries in electric cars is not in line with the current trends in electric cars because car users want to get the same driving range per charge from electric cars as from internal combustion cars. The solution to the use of low-capacity batteries in electric cars can be found by introducing a new infrastructure, such as battery swap stations, inductive charging lanes on roads and other modern infrastructures. The analytical part of the research analysed various impacts of the mass of an electric car on the energy consumed. From the perspective of energy consumed, electric cars with lighter batteries, e.g. a Citroen C-Zero and a Renault Zoe, are more efficient than those examined.
Reports on the topic "Energy consumed"
1
Schalcher, Hans-Rudolf. Thematic synthesis “Buildings and Settlements” of the NRP “Energy”. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_nrp70_nrp71.2019.3.en.
Full textAbstract:
Around 40 percent of the energy consumed in Switzerland can be attributed to the construction and running of the country’s building stock. Buildings and settlements will thus play a prominent role in the transformation of our energy system. Numerous steps for the future have already been initiated – but there still remains a great deal to do.
2
Pedraza, Arturo, Paola Méndez, and Rodrigo Riquelme. Energy Efficiency in Water Utilities: The Case of Guyana. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009315.
Full textAbstract:
Energy consumption in the water sector is extremely important. Energy is needed throughout the entire process of drinking water generation and treatment. Estimates indicate that electricity expenses may represent as much as 40% of the total operating costs of a water and sanitation (W&S) utility. Conversely, energy consumption of W&S utilities often represent animportant proportion of the total electricity generated in a country. Yet, energy consumed by W&S utilities is not always used efficiently. This technical note aims to highlight how water and sanitation utilities can increase their energy efficiency, reducing operational costs and impacting positively the overall operational efficiency of W&S utilities. To illustrate this, the technical note takes as an example a pilot project carried out in the Guyana Water and Sanitation Utility - Guyana Water Incorporated (GWI).
3
Eneroth, Hanna, Hanna Karlsson Potter, and Elin Röös. Environmental impact of coffee, tea and cocoa – data collection for a consumer guide for plant-based foods. Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.2n3m2d2pjl.
Full textAbstract:
In 2020, WWF launched a consumer guide on plant-based products targeting Swedish consumers. The development of the guide is described in a journal paper (Karlsson Potter & Röös, 2021) and the environmental impact of different plant based foods was published in a report (Karlsson Potter, Lundmark, & Röös, 2020). This report was prepared for WWF Sweden to provide scientific background information for complementing the consumer guide with information on coffee, tea and cocoa. This report includes quantitative estimations for several environmental categories (climate, land use, biodiversity and water use) of coffee (per L), tea (per L) and cocoa powder (per kg), building on the previously established methodology for the consumer guide. In addition, scenarios of consumption of coffee, tea and cocoa drink with milk/plant-based drinks and waste at household level, are presented. Tea, coffee and cacao beans have a lot in common. They are tropical perennial crops traditionally grown in the shade among other species, i.e. in agroforestry systems. Today, the production in intensive monocultures has negative impact on biodiversity. Re-introducing agroforestry practices may be part of the solution to improve biodiversity in these landscapes. Climate change will likely, due to changes in temperature, extreme weather events and increases in pests and disease, alter the areas where these crops can be grown in the future. A relatively high ratio of the global land used for coffee, tea and cocoa is certified according to sustainability standards, compared to other crops. Although research on the implications of voluntary standards on different outcomes is inconclusive, the literature supports that certifications have a role in incentivizing more sustainable farming. Coffee, tea and cocoa all contain caffeine and have a high content of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, and they have all been associated with positive health outcomes. While there is a strong coffee culture in Sweden and coffee contributes substantially to the environmental impact of our diet, tea is a less consumed beverage. Cocoa powder is consumed as a beverage, but substantial amounts of our cocoa consumption is in the form of chocolate. Roasted ground coffee on the Swedish market had a climate impact of 4.0 kg CO2e per kg powder, while the climate impact of instant coffee powder was 11.5 kg CO2e per kg. Per litre, including the energy use for making the coffee, the total climate impact was estimated to 0.25 kg CO2e per L brewed coffee and 0.16 kg CO2e per L for instant coffee. Less green coffee beans are needed to produce the same amount of ready to drink coffee from instant coffee than from brewed coffee. Tea had a climate impact of approximately 6.3 kg CO2 e per kg dry leaves corresponding to an impact of 0.064 CO2e per L ready to drink tea. In the assessment of climate impact per cup, tea had the lowest impact with 0.013 kg CO2e, followed by black instant coffee (0.024 kg CO2e), black coffee (0.038 kg CO2e), and cocoa drink made with milk (0.33 kg CO2e). The climate impact of 1kg cocoa powder on the Swedish market was estimated to 2.8 kg CO2e. Adding milk to coffee or tea increases the climate impact substantially. The literature describes a high proportion of the total climate impact of coffee from the consumer stage due to the electricity used by the coffee machine. However, with the Nordic low-carbon energy mix, the brewing and heating of water and milk contributes to only a minor part of the climate impact of coffee. As in previous research, coffee also had a higher land use, water use and biodiversity impact than tea per L beverage. Another factor of interest at the consumer stage is the waste of prepared coffee. Waste of prepared coffee contributes to climate impact through the additional production costs and electricity for preparation, even though the latter was small in our calculations. The waste of coffee and tea at Summary household level is extensive and measures to reduce the amount of wasted coffee and tea could reduce the environmental impact of Swedish hot drink consumption. For the final evaluation of coffee and tea for the consumer guide, the boundary for the fruit and vegetable group was used. The functional unit for coffee and tea was 1 L prepared beverage without any added milk or sweetener. In the guide, the final evaluation of conventionally grown coffee is that it is ‘yellow’ (‘Consume sometimes’), and for organic produce, ‘light green’ (‘Please consume). The evaluation of conventionally grown tea is that it is ‘light green’, and for organic produce, ‘dark green’ (‘Preferably consume this’). For cocoa, the functional unit is 1 kg of cocoa powder and the boundary was taken from the protein group. The final evaluation of conventionally grown cocoa is that it is ‘orange’ (‘Be careful’), and for organically produced cocoa, ‘light green’.
4
Ameri, Samuel, and Patrick Szary. PB2006105744 Needs for Oil and Gas Pipeline Safety and Security. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012127.
Full textAbstract:
Pipelines are by far the most important mode of petroleum transportation in the United States because of their remarkable efficiency and low transportation cost. Pipelines carry two-thirds of the energy consumed by our nation and are recognized as the safest and most economical way to distribute vast quantities of oil and gas from production fields to refineries to consumers for a foreseeable future. This sophisticated network of gathering and distribution systems comprises 2.3 million miles of pipelines-varying in size from 2 inches to 60 inches in diameter. Pipelines are vital to a nation's economy and are a significant part of national critical infrastructure. The pipeline infrastructure and the volume of products transported have continued to grow as demand for energy has increased. Over the next two decades, the demand for energy is projected to reach record levels. This increased demand for energy combined with the expansion of the cities and suburban areas will require the pipeline infrastructure not only to expand but to reliably and safely deliver energy services in support of the nation's economy. The United States has a well-developed system for the protection of the public and the environment from the dangers of oil and gas pipeline failures. However, there is always a chance that a pipeline can leak. Pipeline leaks can be dangerous to people, to the natural environment, to public land, and to private property. Furthermore, the tragic events of the September 11 t terrorist attacks have focused the attention on the security of the nation's energy sources and the critical energy and transportation infrastructure systems. Therefore, pipeline security and safety has become a high-profile, national concern.
5
Yusgiantoro, Luky A., Akhmad Hanan, Budi P. Sunariyanto, and Mayora B. Swastika. Mapping Indonesia’s EV Potential in Global EV Supply Chain. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.004.
Full textAbstract:
• Energy transition in the transportation sector is indicated by the gradual shifting from the use of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) globally. • The transportation sector consumed 43% of total global energy and emitted 16.2% of total global emissions in 2020. Similarly, the transportation sector in Indonesia consumed 45% of the total energy and contributed to 13.6% of CO2 emission in 2019. • Global EV development and utilization are increasing exponentially, especially in developed countries, and there were 10 million EVs in 2020 worldwide. • China has successfully dominated global EVs, both in EV utilization and manufacturing with 45% global EVs Stock and 77% global EV batteries production. • Geopolitically, the abundance of Indonesian nickel reserves provides Indonesia a great opportunity to be one of the main players in EV battery manufacturing. • With an annual average growth of 6%, the projected motorized vehicles growth in Indonesia will reach 214 million in 2030. The right government policies would make Indonesia become the Southeast Asia EV market hub as Indonesia has the largest automotive sales and production market among ASEAN countries. • Measurable and realistic national EV development targets and plans supported by executing policies such as fiscal incentives and hardware standardization, sufficient EV charging infrastructure, and other supporting infrastructures are key elements that drive successful EV development in several countries. • Insufficient domestic industries and technology, and the absence of policies that comprehensively cover the customers and producers directly to support EV development and utilization in Indonesia, resulting in the achieved number of EVs and EV infrastructures in Indonesia are far from the updated target or even the initial target (RUEN, 2017).
6
Al-Qadi, Imad, Hasan Ozer, Mouna Krami Senhaji, et al. A Life-Cycle Methodology for Energy Use by In-Place Pavement Recycling Techniques. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-018.
Full textAbstract:
Worldwide interest in using recycled materials in flexible pavements as an alternative to virgin materials has increased significantly over the past few decades. Therefore, recycling has been utilized in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities. Three types of in-place recycling technologies have been introduced since the late 70s: hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full-depth reclamation. The main objectives of this project are to develop a framework and a life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate maintenance and rehabilitation treatments, specifically in-place recycling and conventional paving methods, and develop a LCA tool utilizing Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to help local and state highway agencies evaluate environmental benefits and tradeoffs of in-place recycling techniques as compared to conventional rehabilitation methods at each life-cycle stage from the material extraction to the end of life. The ultimate outcome of this study is the development of a framework and a user-friendly LCA tool that assesses the environmental impact of a wide range of pavement treatments, including in-place recycling, conventional methods, and surface treatments. The developed tool provides pavement industry practitioners, consultants, and agencies the opportunity to complement their projects’ economic and social assessment with the environmental impacts quantification. In addition, the tool presents the main factors that impact produced emissions and energy consumed at every stage of the pavement life cycle due to treatments. The tool provides detailed information such as fuel usage analysis of in-place recycling based on field data.
7
Chamanara, Sanaz, and Kaveh Madani. The Hidden Environmental Cost of Cryptocurrency: How Bitcoin Mining Impacts Climate, Water and Land. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU INWEH), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/inr23asc02.
Full textAbstract:
Based on a multi-attribute assessment of the environmental impacts and challenges associated with global Bitcoin (BTC) mining activities around the globe, we call for urgent action by the scientific, policy, and advocacy communities. The worldwide BTC mining network consumed 173.42 TWh of electricity during the 2020–2021 period, bigger than the electricity consumption of most nations. The mining process emitted over 85.89 Mt of CO2eq in the same timeframe, equivalent to the emission caused by burning 84 billion pounds of coal or running 190 natural gas-fired power plants. The environmental footprint of BTC mining is not limited to greenhouse gas emissions. In 2020–2021, the global water footprint of BTC mining was about 1.65 km 3, more than the domestic water use of 300 million people in rural Sub-Saharan Africa. The land footprint of the global BTC mining network during this period was more than 1,870 square kilometers, 1.4 times the area of Los Angeles. These striking numbers highlight the heavy reliance of the BTC network on fossil fuels and natural resource-intensive energy sources, resulting in major but unmonitored and unregulated environmental footprints. To mitigate the environmental costs of BTC mining, immediate policy interventions, technological advancements, and scientific research are crucial. Proposed measures include enhanced transparency, economic and regulatory tools, developing energy-efficient alternative coins, and the adoption of greener blockchain validation protocols.
8
Canto, Patricia, ed. Reform of the European electricity market design. Universidad de Deusto, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/eolk1803.
Full textAbstract:
In 2022 and 2023 there was a profound debate in the European Union about the design of the electricity market and its suitability to deal with stress situations in the energy markets, protect consumers and incentivize the necessary investments in renewable energies. The debate was structured around two visions: (1) an interventionist position (e.g., the one defended by the Spanish Government), which emphasized the control of market prices and generators' revenues, largely invalidating the current design, and (2) a reformist position, which sought to complement the current design with elements to improve market resilience and consumer protection and embodied in the European Commission's proposal of March 2023. This report analyzes the development of that debate and discusses the final agreement reached by the European Parliament and the European Council in December 2023, which maintained the essential elements of the European Commission's reform proposal and proposed changes aimed at completing the development of the internal energy market, protecting the most vulnerable consumers, increasing the stability and predictability of the cost of energy and generating incentives for investments in renewable energies and flexibility.
9
Bolinger, Mark, and Natalie Frick. Consumer Benefits of Clean Energy: Renewable Energy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2172/2478818.
Full text
10
Frick, Natalie, Sean Murphy, Dimitra Cappers, and Portia Awuah. Consumer Benefits of Clean Energy: Energy Efficiency. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2172/2478820.
Full text