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Books on the topic 'Energy gradients'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Anderson, C. B. Sedimentary gradients in a high-energy carbonate lagoon, Snow Bay, San Salvador, Bahamas. CCFL Bahamian Field Station, 1987.

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2

Sustainable Energy from Salinity Gradients. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2016.

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3

Sustainable Energy from Salinity Gradients. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2014-0-03709-4.

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4

Steigmann, David J. Stability and the energy criterion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198567783.003.0011.

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This chapter motivates the criterion of minimum potential energy as a stability criterion for conservative problems. It examines the role played by various convexity conditions (ordinary convexity, quasiconvexity, polyconvexity, rank-one convexity) in the energy-minimization problem. Applications to simple phase-transition problems involving discontinuous deformation gradients are presented.

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5

Jacobsen, Dean, and Olivier Dangles. Energy flow and species interactions at the edge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736868.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 elucidates the relationships between the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems at high altitude through the description of material cycles and food webs. Following the landscape continuum model, material cycling is profoundly influenced by the physical structure of the waterscape (e.g. vegetation cover); as a result a great diversity of energetic pathways characterize high altitude waterscapes, along an autotrophy–heterotrophy gradient. Similarly, high altitude aquatic food webs embrace a great diversity of trophic compartments, feeding strategies, and processes (trophic ca

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6

Walker, Fillius, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, eds. Gradients and anisotropies of high energy cosmic rays in the outer heliosphere. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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7

Gradients and anisotropies of high energy cosmic rays in the outer heliosphere. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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8

Andersen, C. Brannon. Sedimentary gradients and depositional evolution of a high-energy lagoon Snow Bay, San Salvador, Bahamas. 1988.

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9

Jacobsen, Dean, and Olivier Dangles. Ecology of High Altitude Waters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198736868.001.0001.

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This book brings together current knowledge on patterns and processes in the ecology of streams, lakes, and wetlands situated at more than 3000 m above sea level. The alpine headwaters of the large Asian rivers and Lake Titicaca are both well-known and iconic examples. High altitude waters include more than these systems—they are both numerous and cover many habitat types, organisms, and specializations. The book provides an overview of the variety of aquatic ecosystems and habitats, their environmental features, prominent species, and their functional adaptations to the harsh aquatic environm

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10

Milner, Andrew. Surface diffusion driven by the gradient of strain energy. 1995.

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11

Coiro, Domenico, and Tonio Sant, eds. Renewable Energy from the Oceans: From wave, tidal and gradient systems to offshore wind and solar. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pbpo129e.

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12

Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Temperature and heat. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0003.

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Concepts of temperature, temperature scales and temperature measurement. The ideal gas law, Dalton’s law of partial pressure. Assumptions underlying the ideal gas, and distinction between ideal and real gases. Introduction to equations-of-state such as the van der Waals, Dieterici, Berthelot and virial equations, which describe real gases. Concept of heat, and distinction between heat and temperature. Experiments of Rumford and Joule, and the principle of the conservation of energy. Units of measurement for heat. Heat as a path function. Flow of heat down a temperature gradient as an irreversi

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13

Wright, A. G. Timing with PMTs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199565092.003.0008.

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The timing capability of photomultipliers (PMTs) can be inferred from the basic laws of electron motion. The relationships between time dispersion and field strength, initial electron energy, angle of emission, and electrode spacing follow from these laws. For conventional PMTs, the major contribution to dispersion arises from the cathode-to-first-dynode region. The field gradient at the cathode primarily determines the timing. This is verified by examining the electron motion in non-uniform electric fields. The contribution from interdynode transitions is small for linear focussed PMTs. Monte

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14

Henriksen, Niels Engholm, and Flemming Yssing Hansen. Static Solvent Effects, Transition-State Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805014.003.0010.

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This chapter discusses static solvent effects on the rate constant for chemical reactions in solution. It starts with a brief discussion of the thermodynamic formulation of transition-state theory. The static equilibrium structure of the solvent will modify the potential energy surface for the chemical reaction. This effect is analyzed within the framework of transition-state theory. The rate constant is expressed in terms of the potential of mean force at the activated complex. Various definitions of this potential and their relations to n-particle- and pair-distribution functions are conside

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15

Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Lagrangian mechanics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0008.

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This chapter shows how the Newtonian law of motion of a particle subject to a gradient force derived from a ‘potential energy’ can always be obtained from an extremal principle, or ‘principle of least action’. According to Newton’s first law, the trajectory representing the motion of a free particle between two points p1 and p2 is a straight line. In other words, out of all the possible paths between p1 and p2, the trajectory effectively followed by a free particle is the one that minimizes the length. However, even though the use of the principle of extremal length of the paths between two po

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16

Analysis of a generally oriented crack in a functionally graded strip sandwiched between two homogeneous half planes. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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17

K, Binienda W., Kreider K, and NASA Glenn Research Center, eds. Analysis of a generally oriented crack in a functionally graded strip sandwiched between two homogeneous half planes. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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18

Fox, Raymond. The Use of Self. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190616144.001.0001.

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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic

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19

Raff, Lionel, Ranga Komanduri, Martin Hagan, and Satish Bukkapatnam. Neural Networks in Chemical Reaction Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199765652.001.0001.

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This monograph presents recent advances in neural network (NN) approaches and applications to chemical reaction dynamics. Topics covered include: (i) the development of ab initio potential-energy surfaces (PES) for complex multichannel systems using modified novelty sampling and feedforward NNs; (ii) methods for sampling the configuration space of critical importance, such as trajectory and novelty sampling methods and gradient fitting methods; (iii) parametrization of interatomic potential functions using a genetic algorithm accelerated with a NN; (iv) parametrization of analytic interatomic

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