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1

Broseghini, Marica. "Modelling of high-energy grinding processes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368897.

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The comminution and tuning of several structural parameters of materials is often accomplished following a top-down route by high energy grinding. The reduced size of the particles constituting the end product and the incorporation of defects cause modified materials properties and increased solid-state chemical reactivity. Among grinding devices, the planetary ball mill features high efficiency and versatility, being suitable for almost any kind of material, from metals and ceramics to organic compounds and pharmaceuticals. While its design and the working principle are rather simple, since g
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Broseghini, Marica. "Modelling of high-energy grinding processes." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2017. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/2749/1/thesis.pdf.

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The comminution and tuning of several structural parameters of materials is often accomplished following a top-down route by high energy grinding. The reduced size of the particles constituting the end product and the incorporation of defects cause modified materials properties and increased solid-state chemical reactivity. Among grinding devices, the planetary ball mill features high efficiency and versatility, being suitable for almost any kind of material, from metals and ceramics to organic compounds and pharmaceuticals. While its design and the working principle are rather simple, since
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3

Wu, Ning Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "China energy issues : energy intensity, coal liquefaction, and carbon pricing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68884.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>In my dissertation I explore three independent, but related, topics on China's energy issues. First, I examine the drivers for provincial energy-intensity trends in China, and finds that technology innovation is the key driver. Then, to understand how technology innovation takes place, I examine coal-to-liquids technology and argue that companies' business diversification strategies are the key driver for the coal
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4

Zaidi, Syed Haider Ali. "Modelling and forecasting energy intensity, energy efficiency and CO₂ emissions for Pakistan." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39346.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the significant environmental issues, especially, Green House Gases (GHGs) emissions and specifically Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) emissions which are mainly caused by energy use. This thesis consists of three core chapters. Chapters 2 and 4 discuss how to stabilize and forecast CO₂ emissions for Pakistan while chapter 3 discusses the energy efficiency of Asian developing countries. Exogenous Technical Change (TC) and endogenous TC models are considered in the chapter 2 for the stabilization of CO₂ emissions. Specifically, the estimated results show that endogenous
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Olofsson, Lennart. "Energy and intensity modulated radiation therapy with electrons." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-491.

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6

Xu, Jingsi M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Energy intensity in China's iron and steel sector." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67246.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108).<br>In this study, I examine the spatial and economic factors that influence energy intensity in China's iron and steel sector, namely industrial value added, renovation investment, coke consumption, and local coke supply. Despite the recognition of the importance of these spatial and economic factors in understanding energy intensity in the steel industry, the municipal and provincial governments of Chin
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Aguero, Sixto Humberto. "Process analysis and energy efficiency improvement on Portland limestone cement grinding circuit." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52867.

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Worldwide cement production is a high energy consuming industry; 90% is thermal and 10% is electrical energy. This is the third most anthropogenic related carbon dioxide emitting industry in the world. With a rising price of energy and a growing emphasis on environmental issues the cement industry is facing significant challenges to both remain a competitive and sustainable. Composite cement manufacturing is one alternative that is used reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. The dry grinding process used for finished product represents 40-50% of electrical energy consumption. It is a
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8

Orumwense, Osawaru A. "The fundamentals of ultrafine grinding in vibro-energy and annular ball mills /." Luleå, 1990. http://epubl.luth.se/avslutade/0348-8373/89/index.html.

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9

Fink, Allison. "Finding constraints on dark energy using hydrogen intensity mapping." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/64123.

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In this MS.c. thesis, we demonstrate a method for estimating the expansion history of the universe using the hydrogen intensity map from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME), which will be generated in the near future. This map will be in angular and redshift space, where redshift of the hydrogen due to the expansion serves as a time variable. The expansion history, dependent on cosmological parameters via the Einstein equations, determines the distance away from us in units of a grid comoving with the expansion at which light of each redshift was emitted. We use knowle
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10

Smith, Adam David. "High energy and high intensity probes of chemical dynamics." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422224/.

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Gas phase dynamics measurements have been performed using a series of techniques aimed at extending the observation window available to conventional probes. The probes used through the thesis are based on high harmonic spectroscopy, multiphoton ionisation probe photoelectron spectroscopy, and extreme ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. For the high harmonic spectroscopy experiments we have developed a new experimental set-up in Southampton so that high harmonic spectroscopy experiments can be performed. The development of the system has included the design, building and commissioning of a
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11

Molina, Gustavo Jose. "Triboemission From Ceramics: Charge Intensity and Energy Distribution Characterizations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28217.

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Lubrication of ceramics is a difficult and not completely solved problem. Ceramics do not respond to conventional lubricants which are designed to function by a chemical reaction with the surface. There is, accordingly, increased interest in the development of lubrication alternatives for ceramics, and in understanding the tribochemical fundamentals by which new lubrication processes can be designed and controlled. In particular, the mechanism of tribopolymerization for some addition-type monomers is thought to be initiated and controlled by triboemitted low-energy electrons. This Ph.D. diss
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12

Thomas, Derek C. "Theory and Estimation of Acoustic Intensity and Energy Density." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2560.pdf.

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13

Stoltz, Victor, and Manne Godhe. "Validity of accelerometry in high-intensity complex movements." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3268.

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Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to examine the capability of accelerometers to estimate energy expenditure during high-intensity complex physical activity patterns. Also, to investigate whether placing the monitor on the hip or wrist influenced its prediction ability. Furthermore, the purpose was also to evaluate if there was a significant difference in the aforementioned estimations using data from one axis compared to all three axis combined.     Method A total of 14 subjects, eight men and six women, mean (SD) age of 26, 4 (5,5) years were recruited for the study. The participants pe
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14

Ma, Hengyun. "China’s Energy Economy: Reforms, Market Development, Factor Substitution and the Determinants of Energy Intensity." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics and Finance, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2739.

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The ongoing transition of former communist countries from planned to market economies has been one of the most important economic phenomena in the last few decades. Among these, China is one of the largest and fastest growing emerging economies in the world since the reforms initiated in the late 1980s. China’s economic growth has been phenomenal. Therefore, understanding China’s energy economy is crucial in the new millennium for politicians, businessmen and energy economists. In particular, China’s energy policy directions will bring about both challenges and opportunities to the wor
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15

Shi, Xiaoyu M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Energy prices and energy intensity in China : a structural decomposition analysis and econometric study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34173.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-115).<br>Since the start of its economic reforms in 1978, China's energy prices relative to other prices have increased. At the same time, its energy intensity, i.e., physical energy consumption per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), has declined dramatically, by about 70%, in spite of increases in energy consumption. Is this just a coincidence? Or does a systematic relationship exist between energy prices and energy intensity? In this study, I ex
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Andres, Delgado Lidia. "Greenhouse gas emissions and energy intensity of the transport sector." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665197.

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Esta tesis analiza el tema del transporte y la presión medioambiental a través de tres variables relacionadas: las emisiones, la actividad y la intensidad energética del transporte. El Capítulo 2 analiza la importancia de la población, la actividad económica, el volumen de transporte y las características estructurales de la actividad de transporte —intensidad energética del transporte, participación de los diferentes modos de transporte y participación de las diferentes fuentes energéticas— como factores explicativos de las emisiones de GEI de la actividad de transporte en la Unión Europea-28
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17

Corona, Jesus S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "An emittance scanner for high-intensity, low-energy ion beams." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120281.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-54).<br>My work in this thesis is a contribution toward the IsoDAR experiment, which aims to test the sterile neutrino hypothesis. In the IsoDAR experiment, neutrinos are generated by a 60 MeV proton beam impinging on a 9Be target and diffusing through 7 Li. This results in 'Li which beta decays, thereby producing an electron-antineutrino beam. To overcome space charge limitations, H+ is accelerated instead of protons. Accel
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18

Zhang, Xin S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "China's energy intensity and its determinants at the provincial level." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53088.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78).<br>Energy intensity is defined as the amount of energy consumed per dollar of GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The People's Republic of China's (China's) energy intensity has been declining significantly since the late 1970s. The first part of this thesis is a direct descriptive statistical analysis at both the national level and provincial level. Regio
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19

Ameen, Ansari Zaid. "Energy intensity, economic growth and the environment : identifying structural linkages /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148786592945475.

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20

Green, James Simon. "Fast electron energy transport in high intensity laser-plasma interactions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7688.

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This thesis presents experimental measurements of fast electron energy transport made using optical probing, x-ray and XUV imaging techniques. Hydrodynamic and hybrid particlein- cell (PIC) simulations were used to interpret the results. Measurements of fast electron heating patterns were made using the Vulcan 100 Terawatt (TW) and Petawatt (PW) lasers. For the first (100 TW) experiment the laser power was increased from 10 TW to 70 TW and a transition was observed between collimated electron flow and an annular transport pattern. Hybrid modelling showed that a form of beam hollowing accounted
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21

Yang, Chi-Jen 1971. "Taiwan's industrial structural change and its implication on energy intensity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46265.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Technology and Policy Program, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 42-43).<br>The objective of this thesis is to analyze how the shift in industrial mix had contributed to the energy intensity in Taiwan. The concern for energy intensity is mainly because it is directly related to Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission, and international negotiations on global climate change might lead to an international regu
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22

Svensson, Dennis, and Svärd Tobias Falk. "Mechanical dry grinding process of saw chain." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39927.

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The cutting links on chainsaws needs to be sharpened regularly to retain its sharpness. The most effective way is to use a machine wheel grinder. However, due to high friction there is a high risk of tempering the steel and damaging the sustainability to wear, resulting in a dull cutting edge. In order to develop a grinding method that produces a good result every time, a series of parameters were tested in order to determine which combination of these generated the best grinding results. With all parameters established the results shows that the attributes of each grinding wheel are the main
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23

Karinkanta, P. (Pasi). "Dry fine grinding of Norway spruce (Picea abies) wood in impact-based fine grinding mills." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207193.

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Abstract Wood powders are used in numerous applications such as thermoplastics and filters, and a lot of research effort has been put into developing novel ways of utilising them. The mechanical processing of wood powders, especially at particle sizes below 100 µm, has been reported in several studies, but they lack information on the effect of fine grinding conditions on the particle morphology and cellulose crystallinity, both of which are important parameters in the further processing of wood powders and in their various applications. This makes it very difficult to design and optimise fine
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24

Davaanyam, Zorigtkhuu. "Piston press test procedures for predicting energy-size reduction of high pressure grinding rolls." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54154.

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High Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR) have been used for over 20 years, however the technology has not received wide industry acceptance despite reports of substantial energy advantages. One barrier is that full and fair consideration cannot be given to HPGR-based comminution circuits for early-stage mining projects, because industry standard tests require large sample sizes for evaluation of the technology. The main objective of the research was to develop methodologies, requiring small sample quantities, to predict the energy–size reduction performance of HPGRs. A key outcome is the developm
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Anelich, Claudia Bruna. "Association between grinding energy and in-vitro neutral detergent fibre digestion kinetics in forages." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63233.

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Through the measurement of grinding energy, the possibility exists to predict forage fragility as related to the chemical composition of forages. It is also possible to predict a potential relationship between forage fragility and 240 hour in vitro neutral detergent fibre digestibility (uNDF240). These results could lead to improved predictions of particle size reduction, animal chewing activity and energy usage during the process of chewing. Physically effective fibre (peNDF) is a key component of many nutritional models used to predict the effect of forage particle size on cow chewing
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Zhang, Wenquan. "Understanding Energy and Carbon Intensities in China: Trends, Projections, and Uncertainties." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-177097.

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Two weeks before the Copenhagen summit on climate change, China officially made a pledge to cut its carbon intensity by 40 to 45 percent below 2005 level by 2020. The thesis has tried to look into the quality and quantity concern of this pledge made by the biggest CO2 emitter in the world. From the existing projections on China’s business as usual (BAU) scenarios to 2020, there are no unanimous conclusions showing whether there is additionality in China’s pledge to reduce 40-45% of its carbon intensity between 2005 and 2020. Further analysis on selected results, we have found scenarios of two
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Kaulich, Florian, Ralph Luken, Alois Mhlanga, and Ingrid Polzerova. "Energy intensity and manufacturing firm characteristics in Sub-Saharan African countries." Inclusive and Sustainable Development Working Paper Series 16/2016, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5345/1/Kaulich_Luken_Mhlanga_Polzerova_2016_(UNIDO_WP_v2)_%2D%2D_Energy_Intensity_and_Manufacturing_Firm_Characteristics_in_Sub%2DSaharan_African_countries.pdf.

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We draw on a unique dataset for energy use by manufacturing firms in 18 Sub-Saharan African countries to estimate the relationship between energy intensity of production and firms' characteristics. Our results show that lower levels of energy intensity are associated with export activity, foreign ownership, size and capital-labor ratio, while higher levels of energy intensity are associated with a higher share of fuels in total energy consumption. We do not find a statistically significant relationship between energy intensity and the age of capital equipment or ownership of a generator, while
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Fretwell, Tracey Ann. "Monte Carlo simulation of energy intensity distributions for electron beam lithography." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576984.

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Prinsloo, Elfriede. "Developing a procedure to measure grinding energy of forages as a predictor of forage fragility." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46086.

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The structural organization of plant organs and tissues determine the intake potential through the ease of forage particle breakdown, the nature of the particles produced as well as the rate of passage from the rumen. The cell wall content of forages influences the amount of energy required for chewing, and accounts for a considerable proportion of the total energy requirement. In the past, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) has been used as the only feed characteristic to predict the filling effects of forages, but there is substantial evidence that NDF alone is inadequate to make these prediction
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Fufore, Mohammed Umar. "The relationship between the structure of an economy and its energy intensity." Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95609.

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University of Stellenbosch Business School<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship between economic structure and energy intensity in selected developed and developing countries of the world. A methodological and systematic approach was adopted to select the thirty-one countries explored in the study. Therefore, to answer the research questions posed in the study, the Granger Causality Technique and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) method were used. This study discovered that the variables examined in the study showed variations. The variations emerged because of diffe
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Locke, Frances Claire. "The role of occupant behavior in low-income high energy intensity households." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0017721.

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32

Sue, Wing Ian, and Richard S. Eckaus. "Explaining Long-Run Changes in the Energy Intensity of the U.S. Economy." MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5545.

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Recent events have revived interest in explaining the long-run changes in the energy intensity of the U.S. economy. We use a KLEM dataset for 35 industries over 39 years to decompose changes in the aggregate energy-GDP ratio into shifts in sectoral composition (structural change) and adjustments in the energy demand of individual industries (intensity change). We find that although structural change offsets a rise in sectoral energy intensities from 1960 until the mid-1970s, after 1980 the change in the industrial mix has little impact and the average sectoral energy intensity experiences decl
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Erickson, Jacob Eisenreich. "High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Superset Training: A Comparison of Energy Expenditure." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27912.

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The purpose of this study was to compare energy expenditure between high intensity interval training (HIIT) and agonist-antagonist (SUPER) resistance training (RT) exercise protocols. Twelve males (23.91 ? 3.58 years) with at least six months of RT experience were recruited for the study. Each participant completed both exercise protocols while VO2, lactate, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. Significant differences were seen in RPE, RER, aerobic, anaerobic, and total overall energy expenditure when comparing protocols
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Roffey, Darren M. "Exercise intensity, exercise training and energy metabolism in overweight and obese males." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17823/1/Darren_Roffey_Thesis.pdf.

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The primary objective of this PhD program was to investigate the impact of training at a constant-load moderate-intensity (FATmax) compared to work-matched high-intensity intervals (HIIT) on the metabolic, physiological and psychosocial health profiles of sedentary overweight and obese men. This study was unique in that it was the first time the effect of exercise intensity had been investigated to examine concurrently the components of whole-body energy metabolism and body composition as measured using gold standard techniques. Based upon the positive alterations in blood lipids, body c
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Roffey, Darren M. "Exercise intensity, exercise training and energy metabolism in overweight and obese males." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17823/.

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The primary objective of this PhD program was to investigate the impact of training at a constant-load moderate-intensity (FATmax) compared to work-matched high-intensity intervals (HIIT) on the metabolic, physiological and psychosocial health profiles of sedentary overweight and obese men. This study was unique in that it was the first time the effect of exercise intensity had been investigated to examine concurrently the components of whole-body energy metabolism and body composition as measured using gold standard techniques. Based upon the positive alterations in blood lipids, body c
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Hung, Ching-Yi Emily. "Nation Energy System Patterns and Forecasting." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3100.

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This thesis investigates the patterns of each type of energy consumption for fourteen countries, to study the link between energy consumption, economics and population. It was found that for all the countries studied, there is a decrease in energy consumption relative to economic growth. This shows that the world has become less energy based, and is more efficient in using energy to produce economic wealth. The carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions for each fossil fuel type used for electricity generation in New Zealand: coal, gas and oil was also calculated. Gas is the main contributor of CO₂ by el
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Ramoneda, Igor M. "Force modeling in surface grinding based on the wheel topography analysis." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18845.

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Grudzien, Piotr. "Comparative Analysis of Energy Intensity and Profitability in Emerging E-Grocery Retail Models." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278013.

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The supermarkets account for approximately 3% - 4% of the electricity consumption in the industrialisedcountries which makes them one of the main contributors to climate change. Food retail, similarly toother energy intensive industries requires deep changes that would reduce its negative environmentalfootprint. Online grocery (e-grocery), recording three-digit growth globally in the times of COVID-19pandemic, has the potential to disrupt the market and bring opportunities for energy intensity reduction.Brick &amp; mortar retailers adapting to this trend not only experience technical challenge
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Wessel, Paige. "Accuracy of Commercial Fitness Trackers During High-Intensity Functional Training." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1634.

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Commercially available fitness trackers have been found to accurately measure steps and caloric expenditure during walking and running activities. Circuit-style, highintensity functional training (HIFT) has become increasingly popular because it is inexpensive and effective in improving muscular strength and cardiovascular fitness. PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of five accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X, Nike Fuelband, Fitbit One, Fitbit Charge HR, and Jawbone UP Move) in estimating energy expenditure while performing an acute bout of HIFT. METHODS: Participants (n = 47) underwent baseline tes
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Nanduri, Mallika. "An assessment of energy intensity indicators and their role as policy-making tools." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0016/MQ37598.pdf.

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41

Branth, Stefan. "Energy Metabolic Stress Syndrome : Impact of Physical Activity of Different Intensity and Duration." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distriutör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7366.

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42

Mu, Xiangkui. "Clinical application of intensity and energy modulated radiotherapy with photon and electron beams." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Strålningsvetenskaper, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-443.

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43

Huang, Feiya. "Determinants of energy intensity in industrialized countries : a comparison of China and India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37871.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-73).<br>The amount of final energy per unit of economic output (usually in terms of gross domestic product, or GDP), known as energy intensity, is often used to measure the effectiveness of energy use and the consumption patterns of different economies. China and India are both developing countries with large population and rapid economic growth. China has decreased its energy intensity by 67% from 1978 to 2003; while India only decreased its energy i
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Hockley, Matthew. "High energy and high intensity electron and X-ray beams by pyroelectric effect." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7920.

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The production of x-rays has been a useful technique in many areas of science, medicine and various industries for over 100 years. Over this time various new methods of generating x-rays have been produced, allowing improved performance in existing applications as well as the application of x-rays in new areas. In this project a novel method of electron beam production, with the potential for development into a novel method of x-ray production is presented, using both pyroelectric and ferroelectric materials. The pyroelectric e ect, i.e. the generation of a charge due to a change in temperatur
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Romero, Perez J. "The use of sound intensity for characterisation of reflected energy in small rooms." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/30958/.

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The sound field in rooms of small dimensions used for music reproduction is characteristically different from that found in larger rooms for music performance such as auditoria. Key differences between small critical listening spaces and large auditoria are the vastly different ranges of energy decay, 100 ms for the former and up to 8 s for the latter, and its directional behaviour, typically non-diffuse for the former and approximating a diffuse field for the latter. Despite these substantial differences, most of the metrics developed to describe the sound field in large spaces are evoked to
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46

Barello, Gregory. "Models and Constraints for New Physics at the Energy, Intensity, and Cosmic Frontiers." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20454.

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The modern era of particle physics is driven by experimental anomalies. Experimental efforts have become increasingly diverse and are producing enormous volumes of data. In such a highly data-driven scientific environment theoretical models are necessary to understand this data and to help inform the development of new experimental approaches. In this dissertation I present two significant contributions to this effort relevant to the energy, intensity, and cosmic frontiers of modern particle physics research. Part 1 of this dissertation discusses methods to understand modern dark matter dir
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47

Chipakwe, Vitalis. "Comparative Study of Chemical Additives Effects on Dry Grinding Performance." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Mineralteknik och metallurgi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85155.

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The application of chemical additives, known as grinding aids (GA), dates back to 1930 in the cement industry. As opposed to the cement industry, where the use of GAs is on the final processing step, it could be one of the first process steps in ore beneficiation. A few investigations addressed the GA applications in ore dressing; therefore, further studies are required to better understand the GA effects on the product properties and downstream separation processes. This thesis undertakes a comparative study on the dry grinding of magnetite and the resulting product characteristics with and w
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48

Sato, Yoichi. "Electron-proton dynamics for long proton bunches in high intensity proton rings." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3243796.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Physics, 2007.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 18, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-12, Section: B, page: 7138. Adviser: Shyh-Yuan Lee.
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49

Whiting, Eric B. "Energy Quantity Estimation in Radiated Acoustic Fields." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6159.

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Energy quantities, which are calculated from pressure and particle velocity, yield a great deal of information about acoustic fields. Errors in pressure or particle velocity estimation lead to bias errors the estimation of energy quantities. The bias errors arise from different probe configurations and processing methods. Two processing methods are examined: the traditional method and the recently developed Phase and Amplitude Gradient Estimation (PAGE) method. These two methods are compared to investigate how each estimates pressure and particle velocity and the subsequent bias errors in a pl
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Raible, Daniel Edward. "HIGH INTENSITY LASER POWER BEAMING FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1210720146.

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