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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy modeling and simulation'
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1
Berndt, E. R., A. S. Kydes, A. K. Agrawal, S. Rahman, R. Vichnevetsky, and W. F. Ames. "Energy Modeling and Simulation." Journal of the American Statistical Association 80, no. 392 (1985): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2288578.
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Mhadhbi, Mohsen. "DEM Modeling and Optimization of the High Energy Ball Milling." DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE 2 (July 5, 2022): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232022.2022.2.29.
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The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a numerical method for simulating the dynamics of particles processes. This present work focuses on DEM simulations of a scale laboratory planetary ball mill through DEM Altair 2021.2 software to optimize and modulate the milling parameters. The simulation results show a good agreement with the experiments. The numerical model is shown to be a promising tool for the knowledge of dry milling in a planetary ball mill.
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Mohammed Abd Ali, Layth, Haider Ahmed Mohmmed, and Othman M. Hussein Anssari. "Modeling and Simulation of Tidal Energy." Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (2019): 3698–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.36478/jeasci.2019.3698.3706.
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Ahmad, Mushtaq, and Charles Culp. "Uncalibrated Building Energy Simulation Modeling Results." HVAC&R Research 12, no. 4 (2006): 1141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10789669.2006.10391455.
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Nataf, Jean-Michel, and Frederick Winkelmann. "Symbolic modeling in building energy simulation." Energy and Buildings 21, no. 2 (1994): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7788(94)90007-8.
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Makaratzis, Antonios T., Konstantinos M. Giannoutakis, and Dimitrios Tzovaras. "Energy modeling in cloud simulation frameworks." Future Generation Computer Systems 79 (February 2018): 715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.06.016.
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Glaa, Raja, Fernando Tadeo, Mohamed Najeh Lakhoua, and Lilia El Amraoui. "Modeling and simulation of building energy consumption." Independent Journal of Management & Production 13, no. 5 (2022): 925–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v13i5.1514.
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Building energy consumption represents much of the total energy consumed in advanced countries. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to study the energy consumption profile by day for each domestic appliance: controllable appliances (heating, ventilation and air conditioning, electric water heater, dishwasher, washing machine) and non-controllable appliances (oven, TV, PC, iron, refrigerator and freezer) where the modeling and the simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink software are presented.
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Kircher, K., X. Shi, S. Patil, and K. Max Zhang. "Cleanroom energy efficiency strategies: Modeling and simulation." Energy and Buildings 42, no. 3 (2010): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.09.004.
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Özdemir, Ali Ekber, and Sibel Akkaya Oy. "Comparative Investigation of Comparative Investigation of Triboelectric Energy Harvesting Modes: A Simulation Study Energy Harvesting Modes: A Simulation Study." Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, ERKEN GÖRÜNÜM (January 19, 2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.17134/khosbd.1559922.
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This study presents a comparative analysis focused on simulating the operational modes of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using simulation-based method. Simulation modeling was performed using a demo version of the Comsol Multiphysics software. The simulations were conducted under both open circuit and short circuit conditions. The study provides the voltages across the surface of the electrodes under open circuit conditions and the transferred electrical charges under short circuit conditions, along with their respective graphs. The study examines the four main operating modes of a TENG—Vertical Contact-Separation Mode, Lateral Sliding Mode, Single-Electrode Mode, and Freestanding Mode—simulated under specific parameter sets. These results hold significant importance in the design stage of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG), as each working mode necessitates a specific interface circuit to harvest energy efficiently. Therefore, the evaluation of the findings of this study can be instrumental in the design optimization of TENG structures.
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Jayanthi, U. B., and A. A. Gusev. "Modeling of the Near-Earth Low-Energy Antiproton Fluxes." Advances in Astronomy 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/471094.
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The local interstellar antiproton spectrum is simulated taking into account antineutron decay, (He,p) interaction, secondary and tertiary antiproton production, and the solar modulation in the “force field” approximation. Inclusive invariant cross-sections were obtained through a Monte Carlo procedure using the Multistage Dynamical Model code simulating various processes of the particle production. The results of the simulations provided flux values of to and to antiprotons/( s sr GeV) at energies of 0.2 and 1 GeV, respectively, for the solar maximum and minimum epochs. Simulated flux of the trapped antiprotons in the inner magnetosphere due to galactic cosmic ray (GCR) interactions with the atmospheric constituents exceeds the galactic antiproton flux up to several orders. These simulation results considering the assumptions with the attendant limitations are in comprehensive agreement with the experimental data including the PAMELA ones.
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Merala, Raymond, Mont Hubbard, and Takashi Miyano. "Modeling and Simulation of a Supercharger." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 110, no. 3 (1988): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3152688.
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A dynamic model is developed for simulating and predicting performance for superchargers of relatively arbitrary geometric configuration. A thermodynamic control volume approach and bond graph models are used to derive continuity and energy equations linking the various control volumes. Bond graphs also serve to study and understand the causal implications of laws governing flows between control volumes and system dynamics. Heat transfer is neglected. Simulation outputs include time histories of pressure, temperature, mass, and energy associated with each control volume, time histories of the various flows in the supercharger, and overall volumetric efficiency. Volumetric efficiencies are predicted over a wide range of speed/pressure ratio combinations and are within three percent of experimentally measured values. The simulation is used to investigate the sensitivity of supercharger performance to several key design parameters, including rotor-rotor separation, and rotor-housing and side plate clearance distances.
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Skarka, Wojciech, Michał Sobota, Piotr Antys, and Michał Skarka. "Enhancing Energy Efficiency of a Dishwasher via Simulation Modeling." Energies 17, no. 13 (2024): 3076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133076.
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As the regulations and consumer preferences in Europe tend to favor more energy-efficient household appliances, companies have to find innovative ways of saving electric energy during the operations of those appliances. One such method in dishwasher design is to reduce heat energy loss to the surrounding environment and reuse heat energy during the washing cycle, thus minimizing the time that heaters are operating. In this study, a numerical simulation involving computational fluid dynamics is implemented to speed up the iterative process of improving efficiency. The washing cycle has been simplified to include only the most critical moments of dishwasher work, and non-important components have been excluded. A workflow of simulations and numerical methods employed for this task is presented. The numerical simulations are compared with real-life experiments to assess their accuracy and verify boundary conditions. Geometric and washing cycle improvements are compared with the base design and show satisfactory results.
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Rauscher, Sara A., Todd D. Ringler, William C. Skamarock, and Arthur A. Mirin. "Exploring a Global Multiresolution Modeling Approach Using Aquaplanet Simulations*." Journal of Climate 26, no. 8 (2013): 2432–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00154.1.
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Abstract Results from aquaplanet experiments performed using the Model for Prediction across Scales (MPAS) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the Department of Energy (DOE)–NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) are presented. MPAS is an unstructured-grid approach to climate system modeling that supports both quasi-uniform and variable-resolution meshing of the sphere based on conforming grids. Using quasi-uniform simulations at resolutions of 30, 60, 120, and 240 km, the authors evaluate the performance of CAM-MPAS via its kinetic energy spectra, general circulation, and precipitation characteristics. By analyzing an additional variable-resolution simulation with grid spacing that varies from 30 km in a spherical, continental-sized equatorial region to 240 km elsewhere, the CAM-MPAS’s potential for use as a regional climate simulation tool is explored. Similar to other quasi-uniform aquaplanet simulations, tropical precipitation increases with resolution, indicating the resolution sensitivity of the physical parameterizations. Comparison with the finite volume (FV) dynamical core suggests a weaker tropical circulation in the CAM-MPAS simulations, which is evident in reduced tropical precipitation and a weaker Hadley circulation. In the variable-resolution simulation, the kinetic energy spectrum within the high-resolution region closely resembles the quasi-uniform 30-km simulation, indicating a robust simulation of the fluid dynamics. As suggested by the quasi-uniform simulations, the CAM4 physics behave differently in the high and low resolution regions. A positive precipitation anomaly occurs on the western edge of the high-resolution region, exciting a Gill-type response; this zonal asymmetry represents the errors incurred in a variable resolution setting. When paired with a multiresolution mesh, the aquaplanet test case offers an exceptional opportunity to examine the response of physical parameterizations to grid resolution.
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Eduardo, J. R. e. S. Sampaio, A. Lima Erondina, S. da Silva Lenildo, and M. de M. Santos Flavia. "Energy modeling for sustainable buildings (2023)." International Journal of Education and Research 11, no. 2411-5681 (2023): 31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8335071.
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The energy efficiency market is growing due to the need for reduced energy consumption and increased environmental awareness. These projects receive extensive support from industry professionals and society, aligning with sustainability and current project design trends. Prescriptive methodologies, equations, and simulations using computational tools are employed to understand consumer needs and propose efficient actions. However, project implementation faces challenges such as time constraints, high costs, and the need for specialized knowledge. To accurately assess and quantify the benefits, performance verification and energy modeling focused on sustainability are crucial. The Palácio do Desenvolvimento building in Brasília was studied as a case example. Measurements of energy consumption, analysis of construction and usage characteristics, validation of meteorological data, climate monitoring, and simulations were conducted. The results provided valuable insights for developing efficient and sustainable strategies. The simulation accurately reflected the building's energy performance, and operational data contributed to precise analysis. Comparing measured and national climatic data validated the representativeness of the local environment. The climatic data used in the simulator exhibited behavior similar to national data, enhancing the simulations' reliability. Consistency and similarity among the results highlight the robustness of the analyses and reinforce the validity of the conclusions. These findings contribute to efficient strategies for the Palácio do Desenvolvimento building and similar projects in the future. By addressing the challenges and employing accurate assessment techniques, energy efficiency projects can effectively reduce energy consumption and promote sustainability.
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Adu-Kankam, Kankam O., and Luis M. Camarinha-Matos. "Modeling Collaborative Behaviors in Energy Ecosystems." Computers 12, no. 2 (2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers12020039.
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The notions of a collaborative virtual power plant ecosystem (CVPP-E) and a cognitive household digital twin (CHDT) have been proposed as contributions to the efficient organization and management of households within renewable energy communities (RECs). CHDTs can be modeled as software agents that are designed to possess some cognitive capabilities, enabling them to make autonomous decisions on behalf of their human owners based on the value system of their physical twin. Due to their cognitive and decision-making capabilities, these agents can exhibit some behavioral attributes, such as engaging in diverse collaborative actions aimed at achieving some common goals. These behavioral attributes can be directed to the promotion of sustainable energy consumption in the ecosystem. Along this line, this work demonstrates various collaborative practices that include: (1) collaborative roles played by the CVPP manager such as (a) opportunity seeking and goal formulation, (b) goal proposition/invitation to form a coalition or virtual organization, and (c) formation and dissolution of coalitions; and (2) collaborative roles played by CHDTs which include (a) acceptance or decline of an invitation based on (i) delegation/non-delegation and (ii) value system compatibility/non-compatibility, and (b) the sharing of common resources. This study adopts a simulation technique that involves the integration of multiple simulation methods such as system dynamics, agent-based, and discrete event simulation techniques in a single simulation environment. The outcome of this study confirms the potential of adding cognitive capabilities to CHDTs and further shows that these agents could exhibit certain collaborative attributes, enabling them to become suitable as rational decision-making agents in households.
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Alturki, Mansoor, and Ismail Marouani. "Simulation tools for FACTS devices optimization problems in electrical power systems." AIMS Energy 12, no. 6 (2024): 1113–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2024053.
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<p>Technological advancements and ongoing scientific research have significantly contributed to addressing challenges within electrical networks. The emergence of FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices has introduced new opportunities for enhancing the safety and efficiency of these networks. A key focus for researchers in this domain has been optimizing FACTS devices, particularly in terms of identifying the most suitable locations, sizes, and types of controllers within electrical systems. The advent of simulation software has played a crucial role in the evolution of electrical and electronics engineering. Both offline and real-time simulation tools have gained traction in recent years, proving essential for the effective management of power systems and FACTS controllers. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of modeling, classification, and simulation-based approaches to various optimization challenges associated with FACTS controllers. We examined a range of simulation platforms, including MATLAB/Simulink, PSAT, EMTDC/PSC etc., assessing their effectiveness in evaluating the performance of optimized FACTS controllers and their dynamic interactions within power networks.</p>
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Tang, Li Hua, and Yao Wen Yang. "System-Level Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.103.
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Accurate modeling and computer aided simulation is advantageous during the design stage of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system. In this paper, system-level finite element modeling (FEM) of a cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester with a resistor is conducted using ANSYS. Considering that practical energy harvesting circuit includes nonlinear electrical elements, which is beyond the modeling capability of ANSYS, an equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) method is proposed to address the problem. After the parameters of equivalent circuit are identified, system-level simulation is conducted in SPICE software.
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Liu, Yang, Fu Ting Bao, and Hai Feng Hu. "Research on Multi-Domain Unified Modeling and Simulation of a Micro Electro-Thermal Actuator." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1570.
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Referring to the natures of nonlinear dynamics and coupled energy domains presented by Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), a multi energy domain unified simulation language (modelica) based coupled modeling and simulation methodology is put forward. Then by choosing a micro electro-thermal actuator as the example, corresponding multi energy domain unified modeling and simulation processes of such a coupled micro device, which covers mechanical energy domain, electric energy domain and thermal energy domain, show the efficiency and convenience of this advanced modeling method. At last, through simulation result comparison with device level FEA simulation result and experimental result, the maximum relative error between numerical calculation result and experimental result is less than 4.2%. It proves the accuracy of this system level simulation method.
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Muhič, Simon, Dimitrije Manić, Ante Čikić, and Mirko Komatina. "Influence of Building Envelope Modeling Parameters on Energy Simulation Results." Sustainability 17, no. 12 (2025): 5276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125276.
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This study investigates the influence of input values for building energy model parameters on simulation results, with the aim of improving the reliability and sustainability of energy performance assessments. Dynamic simulations were conducted in TRNSYS for three theoretical multi-residential buildings, varying parameters such as referent model dimensions, infiltration rates, envelope thermophysical properties, and interior thermal capacitance. The case study, based in Slovenia, demonstrates that glazing-related parameters, particularly the solar heat gain coefficient (g-value), exert the most significant influence—reducing the g-value from 0.62 to 0.22 decreased simulated heating (qH,nd) and cooling (qC,nd) demands by 25% and 95%, respectively. In contrast, referent dimensions for modeled floor area proved least influential. For Building III (BSF = 0.36), dimensional variations altered results by less than ±1%, whereas, for Building I (BSF = 0.62), variations reached up to ±20%. In general, lower shape factors yield more robust energy models that are less sensitive to input deviations. These findings are critical for promoting resource-efficient simulation practices and ensuring that energy modeling contributes effectively to sustainable building design. Understanding which inputs warrant detailed attention supports more targeted and meaningful simulation workflows, enabling more accurate and impactful strategies for building energy efficiency and long-term environmental performance.
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Onofrio, Nicolas, Matti Hellström, and Paul Spiering. "Leverage Battery Research with Atomistic Modeling and Machine Learning." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 3 (2024): 341. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-023341mtgabs.
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In the quest for sustainable, high-performance energy storage, the development of advanced batteries is crucial. Addressing the complexities of battery materials and processes requires novel, data-driven research approaches. The Amsterdam Modeling Suite (AMS) offers a robust framework for simulating battery materials at multiple levels of theory, integrating atomistic engines (DFT, DFTB, ReaxFF, ML potentials) with a central driver for exploring the potential energy surfaces (PES) via molecular dynamics and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. The combination of the AMS driver with its dedicated Python interface enables the automatic screening of materials to optimize critical battery properties such as intercalation potentials, diffusion constants, activation energies, redox potentials, mechanical properties, etc. A key innovation of AMS2024 is its platform for machine learning interatomic potentials, enhancing simulation accuracy while conserving low computational resources. With ParAMS, you can train a single or a committee of machine learning potentials, from scratch, fine-tune universal models, or actively learn the PES based on target molecular dynamics simulation. This facilitates rapid prediction of material properties and reaction mechanisms, accelerating the design and testing of new battery technologies. Our data-driven approach empowers the battery R&D community to overcome traditional development barriers, enabling precise material performance predictions and the discovery of new materials and mechanisms towards realizing high-energy, stable, and safe energy storage systems.
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Jeong, WoonSeong, Jong Bum Kim, Mark J. Clayton, Jeff S. Haberl, and Wei Yan. "Translating Building Information Modeling to Building Energy Modeling Using Model View Definition." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/638276.
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This paper presents a new approach to translate between Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Building Energy Modeling (BEM) that uses Modelica, an object-oriented declarative, equation-based simulation environment. The approach (BIM2BEM) has been developed using a data modeling method to enable seamless model translations of building geometry, materials, and topology. Using data modeling, we created a Model View Definition (MVD) consisting of a process model and a class diagram. The process model demonstrates object-mapping between BIM and Modelica-based BEM (ModelicaBEM) and facilitates the definition of required information during model translations. The class diagram represents the information and object relationships to produce a class package intermediate between the BIM and BEM. The implementation of the intermediate class package enables system interface (Revit2Modelica) development for automatic BIM data translation intoModelicaBEM. In order to demonstrate and validate our approach, simulation result comparisons have been conducted via three test cases using (1) the BIM-based Modelica models generated fromRevit2Modelicaand (2) BEM models manually created using LBNL Modelica Buildings library. Our implementation shows thatBIM2BEM(1) enables BIM models to be translated intoModelicaBEMmodels, (2) enables system interface development based on the MVD for thermal simulation, and (3) facilitates the reuse of original BIM data into building energy simulation without an import/export process.
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Batiuk, S. G., and D. K. Liadyshev. "SIMULATION MODELING OF HEAT ENERGY AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEXES." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University. Series: Technical Sciences, no. 4 (2022): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-5941/2022.4/08.
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Subramanian, Avinash, Truls Gundersen, and Thomas Adams. "Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems: A Review." Processes 6, no. 12 (2018): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6120238.
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Energy is a key driver of the modern economy, therefore modeling and simulation of energy systems has received significant research attention. We review the major developments in this area and propose two ways to categorize the diverse contributions. The first categorization is according to the modeling approach, namely into computational, mathematical, and physical models. With this categorization, we highlight certain novel hybrid approaches that combine aspects of the different groups proposed. The second categorization is according to field namely Process Systems Engineering (PSE) and Energy Economics (EE). We use the following criteria to illustrate the differences: the nature of variables, theoretical underpinnings, level of technological aggregation, spatial and temporal scales, and model purposes. Traditionally, the Process Systems Engineering approach models the technological characteristics of the energy system endogenously. However, the energy system is situated in a broader economic context that includes several stakeholders both within the energy sector and in other economic sectors. Complex relationships and feedback effects exist between these stakeholders, which may have a significant impact on strategic, tactical, and operational decision-making. Leveraging the expertise built in the Energy Economics field on modeling these complexities may be valuable to process systems engineers. With this categorization, we present the interactions between the two fields, and make the case for combining the two approaches. We point out three application areas: (1) optimal design and operation of flexible processes using demand and price forecasts, (2) sustainability analysis and process design using hybrid methods, and (3) accounting for the feedback effects of breakthrough technologies. These three examples highlight the value of combining Process Systems Engineering and Energy Economics models to get a holistic picture of the energy system in a wider economic and policy context.
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Adams, Thomas A. "Special Issue: Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems." Processes 7, no. 8 (2019): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7080523.
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This editorial provides a brief overview of the Special Issue “Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems.” This Special Issue contains 21 research articles describing some of the latest advances in energy systems engineering that use modeling and simulation as a key part of the problem-solving methodology. Although the specific computer tools and software chosen for the job are quite variable, the overall objectives are the same—mathematical models of energy systems are used to describe real phenomena and answer important questions that, due to the hugeness or complexity of the systems of interest, cannot be answered experimentally on the lab bench. The topics explored relate to the conceptual process design of new energy systems and energy networks, the design and operation of controllers for improved energy systems performance or safety, and finding optimal operating strategies for complex systems given highly variable and dynamic environments. Application areas include electric power generation, natural gas liquefaction or transportation, energy conversion and management, energy storage, refinery applications, heat and refrigeration cycles, carbon dioxide capture, and many others. The case studies discussed within this issue mostly range from the large industrial (chemical plant) scale to the regional/global supply chain scale.
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Yang, Guang Hao, You Bing Zhang, Ji Yun Yu, and Hui Yong Liu. "Modeling and Simulation of MMC-HVDC Energy System." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1361.
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In order to study the steady-state performance of modular multilevel voltage source converter (MMC-HVDC), a 21-level MMC-HVDC system is modeled by PSCAD/EMTDC software. This system uses the DC voltage and active power controls, which are designed by the fundamental operation principles and mathematical models of MMC-HVDC. By analyzing the steady-state performance of MMC-HVDC, the corresponding simulation waveforms verify the correctness and validity of the simulation model.
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Bellarbi, S., N. Kasbadji merzouk, A. Malek, and C. Larbes. "Modeling and simulation of wind energy chain conversion." Desalination and Water Treatment 51, no. 7-9 (2013): 1434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.714452.
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Dhaundiyal, Alok, Suraj B. Singh, Divine Atsu, and Rashmi Dhaundiyal. "Application of Monte Carlo Simulation for Energy Modeling." ACS Omega 4, no. 3 (2019): 4984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b03442.
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Kangas, M. T., and P. D. Lund. "Modeling and simulation of aquifer storage energy systems." Solar Energy 53, no. 3 (1994): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092x(94)90630-0.
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Kieu, Ngoc-Minh, Irfan Ullah, Jongbin Park, et al. "The Energy Saving Potential in an Office Building Using Louvers in Mid-Latitude Climate Conditions." Buildings 14, no. 2 (2024): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020512.
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Daylighting has emerged as a prominent strategy for elevating indoor environments by harmonizing visual comfort and energy efficiency. This paper introduces a louver system crafted for energy simulations, specifically tailored to address lighting and cooling requirements in office spaces. Louvers, acknowledged for their exceptional efficiency in providing daylight, are integrated as a pivotal energy-saving technique. Adopting a quantitative research approach facilitated by building information simulation tools, DIALUX evo and Rhino were employed for modeling and simulating the building’s daylighting performances. The simulation outcomes reveal substantial energy savings, particularly in the realms of lighting and cooling. Notably, a 50% louver opening in office spaces results in an impressive 27.0% reduction in energy consumption. The study explores various louver configurations, providing insights into both lighting and cooling energy savings. The overall system performance excels in sustaining consistent daylight, significantly contributing to enhanced energy efficiency.
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Kampelis, Nikolaos, Georgios I. Papayiannis, Dionysia Kolokotsa, et al. "An Integrated Energy Simulation Model for Buildings." Energies 13, no. 5 (2020): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051170.
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The operation of buildings is linked to approximately 36% of the global energy consumption, 40% of greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change. Assessing the energy consumption and efficiency of buildings is a complex task addressed by a variety of methods. Building energy modeling is among the dominant methodologies in evaluating the energy efficiency of buildings commonly applied for evaluating design and renovation energy efficiency measures. Although building energy modeling is a valuable tool, it is rarely the case that simulation results are assessed against the building’s actual energy performance. In this context, the simulation results of the HVAC energy consumption in the case of a smart industrial near-zero energy building are used to explore areas of uncertainty and deviation of the building energy model against measured data. Initial model results are improved based on a trial and error approach to minimize deviation based on key identified parameters. In addition, a novel approach based on functional shape modeling and Kalman filtering is developed and applied to further minimize systematic discrepancies. Results indicate a significant initial performance gap between the initial model and the actual energy consumption. The efficiency and the effectiveness of the developed integrated model is highlighted.
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da Silva, Loan Tullio F. W., Marcelo Aroca Tomim, Pedro Gomes Barbosa, Pedro Machado de Almeida, and Robson Francisco da Silva Dias. "Modeling and Simulating Wind Energy Generation Systems by Means of Co-Simulation Techniques." Energies 16, no. 19 (2023): 7013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16197013.
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This paper presents the development of a wind energy conversion system co-simulation based on the Functional Mock-up Interface standard aiming at contributing to the development of co-simulation of large electrical power systems by means of open-source and standardized computational tools. Co-simulation enables the computational burden of a monolithic simulation to be shared among several processing units, significantly reducing processing time. Through the Functional Mock-up Interface standard, developed models are encapsulated into Functional Mock-up Unit, providing an extra means for the protection of intellectual property, a very appealing feature for end users, both in industry and academia. To achieve the decoupling of the subsystems, the Bergeron ideal transmission line model will be used, with travel time equal to the simulation time-step. The computational performance and effectiveness of the proposed co-simulation technique was evaluated with a wind power plant with 50 wind turbines. The system digital models were developed into Modelica language, while co-simulation was implemented in Python.
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Case, James. "Modeling the energy future." Natural Resource Modeling 31, no. 1 (2017): e12147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12147.
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Rongpeng, Zhang* Omer T. Karaguzel. "DEVELOPMENT AND CALIBRATION OF REDUCED-ORDER BUILDING ENERGY MODELS BY COUPLING WITH HIGH-ORDER SIMULATIONS." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES 7, no. 2 (2020): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689397.
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Building energy modeling and simulation is an effective approach to evaluate building performance and energy system operations to achieve higher building energy efficiency. The high-order building models can offer exceptional simulation capacity and accuracy, however, its high level of complexity does not allow it to directly work with the optimization algorithms and methods that require a complete differential-algebraic-equations-based mathematical description of the physical model. In order to fill in the gap, the study presents a systematic approach to develop and calibrate the reduced-order building models. A notable feature of the approach is its coupling with high-order building simulations in order to pre-process the input information and support the calibration of the reduced model. A case study on a representative office building shows that the developed reduced-order model can present acceptable simulation accuracy compared with high-order simulations and significantly reduce the modeling complexity.
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Wu, Xiaorong, Bin Cao, Yue Xing, and Zhuoxuan Shen. "Research on simulation accuracy of equivalent aggregate electromagnetic model optimization for large renewable energy stations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2797, no. 1 (2024): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2797/1/012039.
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Abstract The traditional power grid is rapidly transforming into a new power system with high penetration of new energy. Simulation modeling plays an important role in supporting the cognition and research of the new power system. A high proportion of renewable energy is connected to the grid through power electronic components, which puts forward a higher demand for research on the accuracy and stability of power grid simulation modeling. Renewable energy plants usually have a large number of single units, and equivalent aggregation modeling is the usual way to simplify the modeling of renewable energy plants. However, the transmission line power multiplier equivalent module inevitably introduces series impedance into the network, resulting in errors between simulation and actual engineering. Therefore, the study of lossless multiplier elements based on Modified Nodal Analysis (MNA) can improve the simulation accuracy, and it is verified with the simulation results of detailed models in actual scenarios, proving that MNA lossless multiplier elements can optimize the accuracy and stability of equivalent aggregation modeling of large-scale multi-unit renewable energy stations.
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Diaz, Rafael, Joshua G. Behr, Rafael Landaeta, Francesco Longo, and Letizia Nicoletti. "Modeling Energy Portfolio Scoring." International Journal of Business Analytics 2, no. 4 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijban.2015100101.
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U.S. regions are expected to follow the national trend towards investment in renewable energy as part of their electricity portfolio. The progress of energy portfolios that typically involves traditional methods, such as centralized nuclear and coal-fired generation, and towards cleaner- and renewable-source generation will impact economic growth and public health. Renewable electricity production must strike a balance among cost, reliability, and compatibility. The economic and health benefits obtained from developing an efficient energy portfolio make renewable energy alternatives an important consideration for regions endowed with natural resources. A portfolio mix of production method that considers the economic benefits while limiting adverse health and environmental impacts is attractive. This research proposes a System Dynamics simulation framework to support policy-making efforts in assessing the impact of energy portfolios. The authors demonstrate the utility of the framework by means of analyzing data that pertain to the U.S. Hampton Roads - Peninsula Region.
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Köberlein, Jana, Lukas Bank, Stefan Roth, et al. "Simulation Modeling for Energy-Flexible Manufacturing: Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them." Energies 15, no. 10 (2022): 3593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103593.
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Due to the high share of industry in total electricity consumption, industrial demand-side management can make a relevant contribution to the stability of power systems. At the same time, companies get the opportunity to reduce their electricity procurement costs by taking advantage of increasingly fluctuating prices on short-term electricity markets, the provision of system services on balancing power markets, or by increasing the share of their own consumption from on-site generated renewable energy. Demand-side management requires the ability to react flexibly to the power supply situation without negatively affecting production targets. It also means that the management and operation of production must consider not only production-related parameters but also parameters of energy availability, which further increase the complexity of decision-making. Although simulation studies are a recognized tool for supporting decision-making processes in production and logistics, the simultaneous simulation of material and energy flows has so far been limited mainly to issues of energy efficiency as opposed to energy flexibility, where application-oriented experience is still limited. We assume that the consideration of energy flexibility in the simulation of manufacturing systems will amplify already known pitfalls in conducting simulation studies. Based on five representative industrial use cases, this article provides practitioners with application-oriented experiences of the coupling of energy and material flows in simulation modeling of energy-flexible manufacturing, identifies challenges in the simulation of energy-flexible production systems, and proposes approaches to face these challenges. Seven pitfalls that pose a particular challenge in simulating energy-flexible manufacturing have been identified, and possible solutions and measures for avoiding them are shown. It has been found that, among other things, consistent management of all parties involved, early clarification of energy-related, logistical, and resulting technical requirements for models and software, as well as the application of suitable methods for validation and verification are central to avoiding these pitfalls. The identification and characterization of challenges and the derivation of recommendations for coping with them can raise awareness of typical pitfalls. This paper thus helps to ensure that simulation studies of energy-flexible production systems can be carried out more efficiently in the future.
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PROF., ANITHA CHIRRA. "MODELING AND CIRCUIT-BASED SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology ICITER- 16 PUNE (June 20, 2016): 223–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1463643.
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<strong>Day - by - day the rate of energy demand is increasing,nonrenewable sources also decrease day by day that why it is necessary to increase the renewable sources for fulfilling the demand of energy. After some year some state that by 2050 the energy demand will triple. The majority of the energy requirements is satisfied by fossil fuels. By the using photovoltaic systems,it could help in supplying the energy demands. In this paper,we have a deal with a problem that results with the modeling of the photovoltaic device. For determination of unknown parameters various parameters are used in modeling of various methods have been introduced in the system. Primarily two of the proposed methods are being studied and then compared.</strong> <strong>https://www.ijiert.org/paper-details?paper_id=140922</strong>
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Dinkelbach, Jan, Ghassen Nakti, Markus Mirz, and Antonello Monti. "Simulation of Low Inertia Power Systems Based on Shifted Frequency Analysis." Energies 14, no. 7 (2021): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071860.
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New types of power system transients with lower time constants are emerging due to the replacement of synchronous generation with converter interfaced generation and are challenging the modeling approaches conventionally applied in power system simulation. Quasi-stationary simulations are based on classical phasor models, whereas EMT simulations calculate the instantaneous values of models in the time domain. In addition to these conventional modeling approaches, this paper investigates simulation based on dynamic phasor models, as has been proposed by the Shifted Frequency Analysis. The simulation accuracy of the three modeling approaches was analyzed for characteristic transients from the electromagnetic to the electromechanical phenomena range, including converter control as well as low inertia transients. The analysis was carried out for systems with converter interfaced and synchronous generation whilst considering the simulation step size as a crucial influence parameter. The results show that simulations based on dynamic phasors allow for larger step sizes than simulations that calculate the instantaneous values in the time domain. This can facilitate the simulation of more complex component models and larger grid sizes. In addition, with dynamic phasors, more accurate simulation results were obtained than with classical phasors, in particular—but not exclusively—in a low inertia case. Overall, the presented work demonstrates that dynamic phasors can enable fast and accurate simulations during the transition to low inertia power systems.
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Bayendang, Nganyang Paul, Mohamed Tariq Kahn, and Vipin Balyan. "Simplified thermoelectric generator (TEG) with heatsinks modeling and simulation using Matlab and Simulink based-on dimensional analysis." AIMS Energy 9, no. 6 (2021): 1213–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2021056.
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<abstract> <p>Energy sustainability is becoming paramount today with the focus being on renewable and alternative energy. This manuscript therefore embarks on clean alternative energy rooted in thermoelectricity with focus on thermoelectric generator (TEG). However, a TEG do practically needs heat-exchangers or heatsinks to properly and reliably work but heatsinks present another problem—thermal resistance, which affects a TEG power output and efficiency and thus, must be addressed. Consequently, we investigate a TEG with heatsinks model based-on dimensional analysis using Matlab and Simulink. Our research has three unique contributions. Firstly, we derived the analytical formulas for direct calculations of TEG dimensionless hot and cold sides temperature and by introducing and applying a new dimensionless parameter, the dimensionless temperature difference (<italic>DT<sub>s</sub></italic>). Secondly, we simplified further the new TEG dimensionless hot and cold sides temperature analytical formulas to obtain simpler and simplest forms. Thirdly, we implemented a TEG with heatsinks Matlab/Simulink theoretical model, that employs the simplified dimensional analysis, in which a TEG with heatsinks parameters of interest can be simulated to variously determine the analytical, numerical and graphical results with various optimal options to opt for, before doing a practical design.</p> </abstract>
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González-Rouco, J. F., H. Beltrami, E. Zorita, and M. B. Stevens. "Borehole climatology: a discussion based on contributions from climate modeling." Climate of the Past 5, no. 1 (2009): 97–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-97-2009.
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Abstract. Progress in understanding climate variability through the last millennium leans on simulation and reconstruction efforts. Exercises blending both approaches present a great potential for answering questions relevant both for the simulation and reconstruction of past climate, and depend on the specific peculiarities of proxies and methods involved in climate reconstructions, as well as on the realism and limitations of model simulations. This paper explores research specifically related to paleoclimate modeling and borehole climatology as a branch of climate reconstruction that has contributed significantly to our knowledge of the low frequency climate evolution during the last five centuries. The text flows around three main issues that group most of the interaction between model and geothermal efforts: the use of models as a validation tool for borehole climate reconstructions; comparison of geothermal information and model simulations as a means of either model validation or inference about past climate; and implications of the degree of realism on simulating subsurface climate on estimations of future climate change. The use of multi-centennial simulations as a surrogate reality for past climate suggests that within the simplified reality of climate models, methods and assumptions in borehole reconstructions deliver a consistent picture of past climate evolution at long time scales. Comparison of model simulations and borehole profiles indicate that borehole temperatures are responding to past external forcing and that more realism in the development of the soil model components in climate models is desirable. Such an improved degree of realism is important for the simulation of subsurface climate and air-ground interaction; results indicate it could also be crucial for simulating the adequate energy balance within climate change scenario experiments.
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González-Rouco, J. F., H. Beltrami, E. Zorita, and M. B. Stevens. "Borehole climatology: a discussion based on contributions from climate modeling." Climate of the Past Discussions 4, no. 1 (2008): 1–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-4-1-2008.
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Abstract. Progress in understanding climate variability through the last millennium leans on simulation and reconstruction efforts. Exercises blending both approaches present a great potential for answering questions relevant both for the simulation and reconstruction of past climate, and depend on the specific peculiarities of proxies and methods involved in climate reconstructions, as well as on the realism and limitations of model simulations. This paper explores research specifically related to paleoclimate modeling and borehole climatology as a branch of climate reconstruction that has contributed significantly to our knowledge of the low frequency climate evolution during the last five centuries. The text flows around three main issues that group most of the interaction between model and geothermal efforts: the use of models as a validation tool for borehole climate reconstructions; comparison of geothermal information and model simulations as a means of either model validation or inference about past climate; and implications of the degree of realism on simulating subsurface climate on estimations of future climate change. The use of multi-centennial simulations as a surrogate reality for past climate suggests that within the simplified reality of climate models, methods and assumptions in borehole reconstructions deliver a consistent picture of past climate evolution at long time scales. Comparison of model simulations and borehole profiles indicate that borehole temperatures are responding to past external forcing and that more realism in the development of the soil model components in climate models is desirable. Such an improved degree of realism is important for the simulation of subsurface climate and air-ground interaction; results indicate it could also be crucial for simulating the adequate energy balance within climate change scenario experiments.
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Zhu, Qianlong, Jun Tao, Tianbai Deng, and Mingxing Zhu. "A General Equivalent Modeling Method for DFIG Wind Farms Based on Data-Driven Modeling." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197205.
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To enhance the stable performance of wind farm (WF) equivalent models in uncertain operating scenarios, a model-data-driven equivalent modeling method for doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based WFs is proposed. Firstly, the aggregation-based WF equivalent models and the equivalent methods for aggregated parameters are analyzed and compared. Two mechanism models are selected from the perspective of practicality and complementarity of simulation accuracy. Secondly, the simulation parameters are set through two sampling methods to construct a training database. Next, the whole fault process is divided into five phases, and the weight coefficient optimization model is established according to the data-driven idea to achieve the adaptive configuration of the weight. Finally, the electromechanical transient simulations of the power systems with a DFIG-based WF is carried out by using the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Compared with the detailed WF model, the simulation time of the WF equivalent proposed in this paper can be significantly reduced by about 87%, and simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the adaptability of the WF equivalent model in different wind scenarios and voltage dips.
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Martin, Chris A., and Dewayne L. Ingram. "Simulation Modeling of Temperatures in Root Container Media." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 4 (1992): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.4.571.
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A three-dimensional computer model was developed to simulate numerically the thermal environment of a polyethylene container-root medium system. An energy balance was calculated at the exterior container wall and the root medium top surface. Thermal energy exchanges at the system's boundaries were a function of radiation, convection, evaporation, and conduction energy flaxes. A forward finite difference form of a transient heat. conduction equation was used to calculate rates of temperature changes as a result of thermal energy exchanges at the system's boundaries. The χ2“goodness-to-fit” test was used to validate computer-generated values to actual measured temperature data. Probabilities for the null hypothesis of no association ranged from P = 0.45 (Julian day 271), to P = 0.81 (Julian day 190), with P ≥ 0.70 on nine of 10 validation days in 1989. Relative to net radiation and convection, conduction and evaporation had little effect on thermal energy exchanges at the root medium top surface during sunlight hours. The rate of movement of thermal energy (thermal diffusivity) was slower and generally resulted in lower temperatures in a pine bark medium than in a pine bark medium supplemented with sand when volumetric water content (VMC) ranged from 0.25 to 0.45.
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Celentano, Laura, and Raffaele Iervolino. "New Results on Robot Modeling and Simulation." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 128, no. 4 (2006): 811–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2361319.
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In this paper the possibility of simulating the robot forward dynamics by making use of the inertia matrix and of the kinetic energy gradient only is demonstrated. Such method is shown to be simpler and numerically more efficient than the classical approaches. In the case of planar robots with revolute joints and link centers of mass belonging to the plane containing the rotating axes of the joints, theorems are formulated and demonstrated providing a relatively fast and simple method of calculation for both the inertia matrix and the gradient of the kinetic energy. This allows obtaining a simple and efficient tool to simulate practical robots with rigid links and can also be particularly useful for studying robots with flexible links. By using the proposed approach, the model of a practical planar robot, designed by the computer aided design software package CATIA™, is easily developed and implemented. The simulation results when the gradient of the kinetic energy is computed analytically versus numerically are compared to illustrate that the computational costs are relatively low and the accuracy is high.
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Zhang, Yin, Xiang Dong Kong, Chao Ai, and Wen Jian Cai. "Modeling and Simulation of Hydraulic Wind Turbine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 233 (November 2012): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.233.39.
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The wind energy can be transferred through an intermediate medium such as hydraulic fluids. In this paper a hydraulic system is utilized to transfer the wind energy from a wind turbine to a synchronous generator. A close loop hydraulic transfer system with fixed displacement pump and variable displacement motor is introduced and the mathematical model is obtained. The simulation of the hydraulic wind turbine is derived by using the SimHydraulics toolbox of MATLAB and AMESim. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the modeling and are useful to design the control system.
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Frank, Stephen, Brian Ball, Daniel L. Gerber, et al. "Advances in the Co-Simulation of Detailed Electrical and Whole-Building Energy Performance." Energies 16, no. 17 (2023): 6284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16176284.
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This article describes recent co-simulation advances for the simultaneous modeling of detailed building electrical distribution systems and whole-building energy performance. The co-simulation architecture combines the EnergyPlus® engine for whole-building energy modeling with a new Modelica library for building an electrical distribution system model that is based on harmonic power flow. This new library allows for a higher-fidelity modeling of electrical power flows and losses within buildings than is available with current building electrical modeling software. We demonstrate the feasibility of the architecture by modeling a simple, two-zone thermal chamber with internal power electronics converters and resistive loads, and we validate the model using experimental data. The proposed co-simulation capability significantly expands the capabilities of building electrical distribution system models in the context of whole-building energy modeling, thus enabling more complex analyses than would have been possible with individual building performance simulation tools that are used to date.
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Szott, Wiesław, Piotr Ruciński, Piotr Łętkowski, et al. "Modeling of Geothermal Energy Recovery from a Depleted Gas Reservoir: A Case Study." Energies 17, no. 18 (2024): 4579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17184579.
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This paper addresses the problem of the geothermal energy generation process in a depleted gas reservoir with a specific enhanced geothermal system, applying CO2 as an energy transporting medium. Constructed models of the system components are used to perform coupled and dynamic simulation forecasts, taking into account the interdependence of the individual system elements operating in a cyclical fluid flow and the continuous changes in temperature, pressure, and the composition of circulating fluids. The simulation procedure of the geothermal energy generation process is applied to the realistic example of a depleted gas reservoir located in Foresudetic Monocline, Poland. The simulation results are presented in detail and discussed with several conclusions of both case-specific and general characters. Three phases of the energy recovery process can be distinguished, varying in the produced fluid composition and the evolution of the fluid temperature. These phases result in the corresponding behavior of the produced stream power: increasing, stable, and decreasing for the three phases, respectively. Other significant results of the simulation forecasts are also discussed and concluded. In general, the complexity of the obtained results proves the necessity to apply the system’s detailed modeling and simulations to reliably plan and realize a geothermal energy generation project.
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Adeyemi, Abraham Rasheed. "Sustainable Energy Planning and Modelling for Global South: A Case Study of the Federal Republic of Nigeria." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 37 (November 30, 2023): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/accracrossborder2023v2p8.
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This paper reviews the literature regarding the inherent limitations of Modeling practices for sustainable energy planning in the Global South (GS).GS is undergoing economic changes in its energy-setting socio-economic policies such as liberalisation, financial sourcing, and climate change implications of energy projects. Long-term energy planning lays the foundations for effective policies, investment strategies, and targets at the national or regional level. An astute and up-to-date master plan for energy development fosters predictable investment conditions. This makes it an essential prerequisite for scaling up renewable energy technologies. Active energy planning, built on quantitative setting Modeling and stakeholder consultations, allows policymakers to understand and explore the complexities and uncertainties of future energy system evolution. Modeling and simulation (M&S) is a well-known scientific technique that could analyse a system or predict its behaviour before physical construction. Despite being an established methodical tool in engineering, only a few review articles discussing emerging topics in M&S are available in the open literature, especially for renewable and sustainable energy systems. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) offers energy planning Support, as a guide, with a view to enhancing institutional capacity at the country level and strengthening each country’s ownership of the planning process. The capacity to interpret key energy data into strong energy planning enables nations to develop all-inclusive national energy master plans and to frequently update these as the basis for comprehensive policies and investments. This paper examines the current Modeling and simulation of the energy sector with insights into the approaches, challenges, and prospects of certain selected and suitable energy systems. Additionally, it reveals the limitations of traditional planning tools such as optimisation, econometric, and general simulation models. The paper posits that traditional approaches are inadequate for SED in the GS due to its inherent weakness in guiding future policy decisions. In this work, the 7th SDG: Affordable and Clean Energy, is brought into focus. The paper addresses the Planning approaches, tools, framework, and techniques as revealed in the literature on energy Modeling and policy formulation. The aim is to enhance the country's capacity to analyse energy data and develop scenarios using Modeling tools for long-term energy planning. The additional tools to support energy planning may be selected according to each country’s needs and existing Modeling expertise. Finally, areas that need further research and development in sustainable energy Modeling are highlighted. Keywords: Sustainability, Energy Planning, Modelling, Global South. Proceedings Citation Format Abraham Rasheed Adeyemi (2023): Sustainable Energy Planning and Modelling for Global South: A Case Study of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 93-106. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023V2P8
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Mutia Muyasarah and Arif Kusumawanto. "Measuring Sustainability of Kampong Tudong Riverside Settlements Using Urban Modeling Interface Simulation." Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Architecture 2, no. 1 (2023): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jarina.v2i1.6494.
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Coastal settlements are the most vulnerable area to climate change, which has had an increasing impact on natural changes and human life in recent years. Therefore, sustainable riverside settlement models need to be developed by maximizing welfare with minimal environmental damage through modeling simulations that can help understand, compare and evaluate buildings and settlements. Simulation of Kampong Tudong on the banks of Kapuas River used Urban Modeling Interface to analyze the floor area ratio, daylighting, operational energy, and mobility. The simulation results show values of 0.21 on Floor Area Ratio, 30% on average natural resources for building daylighting, 86 kWh/m2year on operational energy, and 66 on mobility. Meanwhile, the efficient standard values are <3.2 on FAR, 55% on average daylighting, 10.08-30 kWh/m2.year on operational energy, and 90-100 on mobility. Existing simulation values indicate that these values can still be improved and maximized further for the sustainability of the riverside settlements.
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Jiang, Bing, Shuai Yuan, Jian Bo Xin, Li Juan Chen, Yu Guo Hao, and Hua Qing Zhang. "Modeling and Simulation of Bow-Shaped Piezoelectric Energy Harvester." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 1338–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.1338.
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In recent years, new energy supply (energy self-sufficiency) technology which can replace the traditional battery supply has become a hot topic in global research field of microelectronic devices. A new low-frequency trapezoidal bow-shaped piezoelectric energy harvester (TBPEH) was proposed. The geometric model and finite element model (FEM) were built. The static analysis, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the TBPEH were discussed by using the Finite Element Analysis(FEA). Then traditional rectangular bow-shaped piezoelectric energy harvester(RBPEH) was compared with the new TBPEH. Simulation showed that the TBPEH could harvest energy more effectively than the RBPEH. The output voltage was increased by 135% with little change in resonant frequency, and indicator of the inhibition of side peak (SPI) which represented the capability of broad-band energy harvesting rose 11.2%. The TBPEH resonance frequency is 34.1Hz, which can be applied to the low frequency environment.