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Akbarova, Samira, and . "Trends of Energy Performance Certification of Buildings in Azerbaijan." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (June 20, 2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14590.
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Energy consumption by construction sector is estimated by multi- disciplinary energy auditing and results are represented in an energy performance building certificate. The building certification, which is a world trend today, is applied successfully for many buildings inAzerbaijantoo. The purpose of this paper to study the current methodology of energy building certification in terms of the technological aspects of energy auditing. Many documents of the European Union directives and Russian building codes and regulations in the field of ecology and energy saving in construction sector have been revised for implementing them as base for national energy performance certification system AZERI GREEN ZOOM. The assessment categories and main requirements have been considered. The results of this overview have shown the trends and problems in this field. There are given examples of certified buildings.
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Tóth, Maria. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE CERTIFICATION OF BUILDINGS." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 32, no. 1 (2018): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2018.1.14.
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In the European Union buildings are responsible for 40% of total energy consumption. Reducing energy use and the use of energy from renewable sources in the construction sector is an important measurement needed to reduce the Union's energy dependency and greenhouse gas emissions. The Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) of a building is intended to declare and display the energy performance of the building, presented in a unitary synthetic form, detailing the main building characteristics and associated facilities resulting from the thermal and energy analysis. The Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) is in fact an energy balance of the analyzed building. For a good cohabitation, in case of "Green Houses[i]" it is necessary to be anchored in reality, to be aware of the impact that a construction - used for living or for other activities- has on the environment.
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Chen, Qian, Lauren Kleinman, and Aparna Dial. "ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF CAMPUS LEED® BUILDINGS: IMPLICATIONS FOR GREEN BUILDING AND ENERGY POLICY." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 3 (September 2015): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.3.137.
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Many university campuses in the United States are working toward their sustainable goals by adopting energy or green building policies, which require Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) certification for new construction and major renovation projects. Because LEED certification heavily relies on whole building energy simulation to demonstrate building energy performance improvement, it is often assumed that the finished buildings will achieve the predicted level of energy efficiency. This paper presents a study that compares the energy model predictions with actual energy performance of three LEED buildings on a university campus. The study shows that one of the campus LEED buildings consumed twice the predicted energy usage while causing a high level of occupant dissatisfaction. Further investigation reveals a variety of contributing factors for these issues and provides insights to improve green building policy and practice. Not only are the research findings important for this particular campus (Ohio State University) on its way to sustainability, they also have widespread ramifications for other university campuses.
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Harmathy, Norbert. "Investigation of decarbonization potential in green building design to accelerate the utilization of renewable energy sources." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200324195h.
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The construction sector as one of the highest carbon emitters in the World has an international initiative for Green House Gas reduction. Green building certifications demonstrate performance, efficiency and economy in the constuction sector. The motivation of the research was to investigate whether Green certified buildings which fulfill the minimum energy standards do demonstrate high energy performance compared to energy efficient buildings and renewable systems. The hypothesis was to investigate that renewable energy source application could contribute to higher performance, against a typical efficient HVAC system (usually applied in commercial buildings) and a building aiming for Green certification, concerning mandatory energy efficiency requirement. The research scope was to investigate and evaluate various HVAC solutions using triple-criteria evaluation method for decarbonization: energy performance, carbon footprint and operation cost to formulate systematic solutions in the design phase of projects for wide audience with preferable and applicable results.
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Werthan, Audrey Kay, and Mojtaba Navvab. "Building Design Strategies and Their Contribution to Energy Performance for LEED Certification." Journal of Green Building 1, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.1.4.67.
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Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a national set of standards put forth by the U. S. Green Building Council in 1994 that was intended to inspire building designers to plan greener, more sustainable buildings. LEED offers up to ten points for improved energy optimization performance. It should be noted that achieving these ten points is time consuming, complex, and expensive. This research is a case study that details the process of using a computer simulation study as a building energy optimizing tool in order to achieve these optional points. Determination is made as to how many LEED points can be obtained when basic strategies such as window performance and day-lighting are integrated into one energy optimized building design. The results show that well-established energy conservation methods achieve as few as two or three LEED energy points, thereby possibly offering a disincentive for designers to attempt this difficult challenge. These fundamental efforts to achieve energy optimized building design are the first steps toward high performance building design and offer a fundamental solution to the substantial, negative environmental impacts caused by buildings today.
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Berger, Christiane, Helene Teufl, Ulrich Pont, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Uncertainties in Building Energy Certification: Two Case Studies Pertaining to Zoning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.156.
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Building energy certification is stipulated by law in the majority of the European countries. The intention of these regulations is to offer key performance indicators (KPIs) to relevant and interested stakeholders. Another motivation for implementing these calculation schemes was to compare the energy performance of different buildings. However, existing guidelines for building energy evaluation do not comprehensively outline the input data collection process and the derivation of substantial KPIs. Furthermore, practitioners do not share a common understanding of the approach to energy certificates, resulting in different practical methods and different interpretations of the calculation guidelines. As a result, the envisioned comparability between buildings is not ensured, as a number of studies illustrated in the past.This contribution focuses on a specific uncertainty in building energy evaluation input data, pertaining to zoning and usage assumptions. Toward this end, two case studies are presented. A number of existing buildings (typical Viennese building stock) were subjected to the Austrian normative energy certification calculation. Thereby, different scenarios regarding the zoning and usage profiles of the buildings were developed. On the one hand, the calculated performance of individual (residential) units was compared with the calculated performance of the whole building. On the other hand, calculations considering different usage assumptions in different zones within the building (detailed calculation) were compared to results based on generalized assumptions for the whole building. The evaluation of the case study buildings showed significant differences in KPIs, given different input data (depending on the case study, heating demand showed deviations up to 50%). The results emphasize the importance of a clear documentation of input data assumptions for building-related energy assessment.
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Juodis, Egidijus, Bronia Jablonska, Martine A. Uyterlinde, Henk F. Kaan, and Mark T. van Wees. "INDICATORS FOR ENERGY PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY CERTIFICATION IN THE LITHUANIAN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2003): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2003.10531310.
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Energy performance certification (EPC) of buildings results in a label for the buildings. Every label has to correspond to a fixed energy consumption per year. Energy consumption taken as a basis for the certification is to reflect efficiency of energy use in buildings and stimulate the occupiers to become more aware of the effect of their behaviour. The method of energy performance efficiency calculation is proposed and numerical values of annual energy consumption are elaborated on the ground of these two aims, European Union requirements and Dutch experience as energy performance efficiency indicators.
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Manic, Dimitrije, Mirko Komatina, Biljana Vucicevic, and Marina Jovanovic. "Energy performance of single family houses in Serbia: Analysis of calculation procedures." Thermal Science 23, Suppl. 5 (2019): 1695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180726073m.
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Energy certification of buildings in Serbia was introduced in 2011 and energy label depends on energy need for heating per unit floor area of heated space, calculated by the fully prescribed monthly quasi-steady-state method defined by ISO 13790. In the Republic of Serbia, most of families live in single-family houses built before the energy certification of buildings was introduced. Therefore, the estimation of energy performance of the existing buildings is important for labeling, and evaluation of energy saving measures and energy strategies to be implemented. This paper examines the applicability of monthly method defined by National legislation on the existing buildings stock in Serbia, by comparing it to the more accurate dynamic simulation method. Typical single-family houses are taken as a test case, since they are responsible for about 76% of energy consumption for heating. The results show that the dynamic simulation method estimates 21% to 54% higher energy need for heating, compared to the monthly method. Also, the monthly method estimates up to 13% higher savings by typical building envelope energy saving measures, compared to the dynamic simulation. This paper recommends improvement in procedures for calculation of building energy performance index to better assess energy consumption, effects of energy saving measures, and create solid background for developing and implementing of energy saving strategies.
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Abejón, Ricardo, Jara Laso, Marta Rodrigo, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Mario Mañana, María Margallo, and Rubén Aldaco. "Toward Energy Savings in Campus Buildings under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 7123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207123.
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Recent studies have identified that buildings all over the world are great contributors to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The relationship between the building industry and environmental pollution is continuously discussed. The building industry includes many phases: extraction of raw materials, manufacturing, construction, use, and demolition. Each phase consumes a large amount of energy, and subsequent emissions are released. The life cycle energy assessment (LCEA) is a simplified version of the life cycle assessment (LCA) that focuses only on the evaluation of energy inputs for different phases of the life cycle. Operational energy is the energy required for day-to-day operation processes of buildings, such as heating, cooling and ventilation systems, lighting, as well as appliances. This use phase accounts for the largest portion of energy consumption of the life cycle of conventional buildings. In addition, energy performance certification of buildings is an obligation under current European legislation, which promotes efficient energy use, so it is necessary to ensure that the energy performance of the building is upgraded to meet minimum requirements. For this purpose, this work proposes the consideration of the energy impacts and material resources used in the operation phase of a building to calculate the contribution of these energy impacts as new variables for the energy performance certification. The application of this new approach to the evaluation of university buildings has been selected as a case study. From a methodological point of view, the approach relied on the energy consumption records obtained from energy and materials audit exercises with the aid of LCA databases. Taking into practice the proposed methodology, the primary energy impact and the related emissions were assessed to simplify the decision-making process for the energy certification of buildings. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the consumption of water and other consumable items (paper) are important from energy and environmental perspectives.
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Qiu, Yueming, and Matthew E. Kahn. "Impact of voluntary green certification on building energy performance." Energy Economics 80 (May 2019): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.01.035.
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Rajcic, Aleksandar, Ljiljana Djukanovic, and Ana Radivojevic. "E(nergy) p(erformance) c(ertificate) of buildings and dwellings: Influence of disposition and orientation." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 4 (2018): 1129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170529220r.
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Following the guidance set by the Directive on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (EPBD2), current regulations in Serbia which refer to the issue of energy efficiency and energy certification of buildings provides an opportunity of certification of selected unit of a building, such as a dwelling. This measure was set in order to make it possible for owners or tenants of the building or the building unit to assess and compare its energy performance. From the user?s perspective this measure is very important since, apart from reviewing the quality or the deficiencies of space in which they live, it would be an important parameter of economic evaluation of the apartment in the future. As energy performance of the apartment is not a priori identical to that of the whole building, the paper will analyze and compare these values for different positions in a horizontal and vertical plan of the same apartment within the building. Comparison of the results obtained for individual dwellings and for a building as a whole, will provide insight into the extent to which the disposition and the orientation of the apartment affect its energy performance.
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Veselka, Jakub, Marie Nehasilová, Karolína Dvořáková, Pavla Ryklová, Martin Volf, Jan Růžička, and Antonín Lupíšek. "Recommendations for Developing a BIM for the Purpose of LCA in Green Building Certifications." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 6151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156151.
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Building information modeling (BIM) and life cycle assessment (LCA) are two methods that can be helpful when designing buildings with lower environmental impacts. One of the most significant examples of environmental impact assessments in construction is green building certification. Certified buildings have improved performance and greater asset value. In this study, four certification systems were investigated for their potential interconnections with BIM and LCA. The main tasks were (1) to review a BIM-based workflow, (2) assess its usage as an input for the LCA within green certifications, and (3) provide suggestions for developing building models. Building models can be helpful during the design process, but the best results are expected when the specifically described steps are followed. These suggestions aim at improving building models in terms of their usage for green building certifications and particularly for LCA. All the investigated results were clarified and adjusted using a model of a recently finished building in Zug. As reference tools, One Click LCA and a manual process were selected. The outcomes were aligned with those of other studies and confirmed the necessity of good data and management quality for building projects.
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Li, Y., S. Kubicki, A. Guerriero, and Y. Rezgui. "Review of building energy performance certification schemes towards future improvement." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 113 (October 2019): 109244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109244.
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Sesana, Marta Maria, Graziano Salvalai, Diletta Brutti, Corinne Mandin, and Wenjuan Wei. "ALDREN: A Methodological Framework to Support Decision-Making and Investments in Deep Energy Renovation of Non-Residential Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11010003.
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Since 2002, the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has set up the path to improve the efficiency gains in the EU building sector, including measures that should accelerate the rate of building renovation towards more energy efficient systems. Under the 2010 EPBD, all EU countries have established independent energy performance certification systems supported by independent mechanisms of control and verification. The EU directive 2018/844 has introduced different novelties and one of these regards the possibility for the Member States, together with the Long-Term Renovation Strategies (LTRS), to introduce an optional Building Renovation Passport Article 2a.1(c), considered as an empowering document that gives more reliable and independent information on the potential for energy savings that is tied up in their buildings. On 14 October 2020, the European Commission launched its Communication and Strategy on the Renovation Wave initiative, intending to double the current Europe’s renovation rate to make the continent carbon neutral by 2050. However, current practices and tools of energy performance assessment and certification applied across Europe face several challenges. In this context, the ALDREN project is a methodological framework that aims to support decision-making and investment in deep energy renovation of nonresidential buildings, based on a set of procedures (modules) that consist in the step-by-step implementation of protocols to assess the energy performance, indoor environmental quality, and financial value of buildings, before and after the energy renovation. The paper presents the ALDREN overall procedure with a focus on the development of the Building Renovation Passport and its application to an Italian office building.
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Juodis, Egidijus, Bronia Jablonska, Martine A. Uyterlinde, Henk F. Kaan, and Mark T. van Wees. "INDICATORS FOR ENERGY PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY CERTIFICATION IN THE LITHUANIAN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 9, no. 2 (January 2003): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13923730.2003.10531310.
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Yezioro, Abraham, and Isaac Guedi Capeluto. "Energy Rating of Buildings to Promote Energy-Conscious Design in Israel." Buildings 11, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020059.
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Improving the energy efficiency of existing and new buildings is an important step towards achieving more sustainable environments. There are various methods for grading buildings that are required according to regulations in different places for green building certification. However, in new buildings, these rating systems are usually implemented at late design stages due to their complexity and lack of integration in the architectural design process, thus limiting the available options for improving their performance. In this paper, the model ENERGYui used for design and rating buildings in Israel is presented. One of its main advantages is that it can be used at any design stage, including the early ones. It requires information that is available at each stage only, as the additional necessary information is supplemented by the model. In this way, architects can design buildings in a way where they are aware of each design decision and its impact on their energy performance, while testing different design directions. ENERGYui rates the energy performance of each basic unit, as well as the entire building. The use of the model is demonstrated in two different scenarios: an office building in which basic architectural features such as form and orientation are tested from the very beginning, and a residential building in which the intervention focuses on its envelope, highlighting the possibilities of improving their design during the whole design process.
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Abdallah, Moatassem, Boateng Akyeampong, and Khaled El-Rayes. "Maximizing sustainability of existing buildings within limited upgrade budgets." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 9 (September 2018): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0346.
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Existing buildings, especially aging ones, are currently in urgent need of upgrading to improve their performance and potentially achieve green certification. Building owners often need to identify and implement building upgrades that maximize the sustainability of their buildings as well as achieve green certification programs such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). This paper presents the development of an optimization model that maximizes the number of earned LEED points for existing buildings within a specified upgrade budget. A case study of an existing building is used to demonstrate the use of the optimization model and illustrate its capabilities. This research presents new methodology for optimizing the selection of building upgrades to maximize the sustainability of existing buildings and achieve green certification within limited budgets. The present model is expected to support decision-makers, building owners and operators, building managers, and contractors to optimize the use of their upgrade budgets and maximize sustainability of their buildings.
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Sung, Uk-Joo, and Seok-Hyun Kim. "Development of a Passive and Active Technology Package Standard and Database for Application to Zero Energy Buildings in South Korea." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 5, 2019): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091700.
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There is much research on zero energy buildings. In this paper, technologies and policies to improve the building energy efficiency of zero energy buildings are presented. The zero energy building certification system in Korea is introduced, and the evaluation is carried out based on the energy self-reliance rate that enables zero energy buildings. Zero energy buildings are able to minimize energy consumption due to the application of highly efficient building materials and equipment technology. In this research, to increase the prevalence of zero energy buildings in Korea, the authors propose a zero energy building technology package. Using a passive and active technology package, we confirmed the necessity and detailed requirements of each technology parameter. We analyze and classify Korean building material testing methods and performance standards, and propose passive and active technology packages, modules, material performance testing methods and minimum requirement performance standards. Finally, this study proposed a table presenting the test methods, standard and minimum value of performance. By these results, the authors confirmed the effectiveness and availability of passive and active technical packages.
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Păunescu, Carmen, and Laura Blid. "Effective energy planning for improving the enterprise’s energy performance." Management & Marketing 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 512–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmcks-2016-0013.
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Abstract The global pressing need to protect the environment, save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide has prompted the enterprises to implementing both individual energy saving measures and a more systematic approach to improve the overall enterprise’s energy performance. Energy management is becoming a priority as enterprises strive to reduce energy costs, conform to regulatory requirements, and improve their corporate image. As such, enterprises are encouraged to manage their energy related matters in a systematic manner and a more harmonized way, to ensure continual improvement on their energy efficiency. Despite the increasing interest in energy management standards, a gap persists between energy management literature and current implementation practices. The release of the ISO 50001 international standard was meant to help the organizations develop sound energy management systems and effective process-based energy management structures that could be recognized through third-party certification. Building on the energy management literature and energy management standards, the current paper presents the essential steps the enterprises should take to practically design a sustainable energy management system. Also, by using multiple case studies of enterprises that have implemented an ISO 50001 energy management system, it introduces a structured approach that companies can use to effectively develop their energy planning and improve energy performance. The key components of the enterprise’s energy planning are discussed, as well as practical examples of energy objectives and performance indicators from various industries are offered. The paper shows that by establishing an effective energy planning system, this will efficiently meet demands for achieving energy performance indicators and international certification.
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de Santoli, Livio, and Umberto Di Matteo. "Building Energy and Environment Performance System (BEEPS): a programme for building energy certification in Italy." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 24, no. 2 (May 2003): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0143624403bt064oa.
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Beauregard, Sandy J., Stephanie Berkland, and Simi Hoque. "EVER GREEN: A POST-OCCUPANCY BUILDING PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LEED CERTIFIED HOMES IN NEW ENGLAND." Journal of Green Building 6, no. 4 (November 2011): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.6.4.138.
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The purpose of this research was to conduct a pilot study of LEED certified homes in New England one to five years after occupancy to determine whether they continue to perform at the level predicted during the certification process. Four criteria were defined to assess the performance of each home: (1) energy consumption for heating, cooling, lighting, electronics and appliances; (2) building envelope and air infiltration; (3) operations and maintenance; and (4) occupant satisfaction and indoor air quality. Both qualitative and quantitative methods including blower door and duct blaster tests, utility bill analysis, and an occupant satisfaction survey were used to measure the post-occupancy performance of seven LEED certified homes in New England. Discrepancies were found between the original building performance as determined at the time of certification and the current level of building performance. While this is limited, initial research, these findings indicate a need for further post-occupancy research that can provide feedback to green certification programs, allowing them to be modified as necessary to better reflect the actual environmental impacts of certified buildings.
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Zhao, Jie, Khee Poh Lam, Tajin Biswas, and Haopeng Wang. "An online platform to automate LEED energy performance evaluation and submission process." Construction Innovation 15, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 313–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-04-2014-0020.
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Purpose – This study aims to develop a web-based tool – LEED Energy Performance Online Submission Tool (LEPOST) to reduce the submission cost of the leadership in energy and environmental design (LEED) application process and facilitate green building design. Lifecycle cost reduction is a major driver for designing green buildings. LEED rating system has been well recognised and widely used in the green building industry. However, certification cost incurred in time and money is often a deterrent for some projects. Design/methodology/approach – LEPOST automatically maps EnergyPlus and eQUEST energy simulation results to the LEED energy performance requirement submission templates using an extensible markup language (XML) data structure. It incorporates the Energy Star Target Finder online engine and current utility data to calculate points required to assess LEED Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite 2 and Credit 1 automatically. Findings – A comparative case study is conducted using an office building project. The study results show that the tool can reduce the amount of time for the LEED energy performance evaluation and submission process from more than 6 hours to 2 minutes. The total number of manual data entries is reduced from 442 to 20. Research limitations/implications – Future work includes the update to support LEED V4, the development of a parametric design function that can help design teams perform design alternatives to evaluate energy performance with minimum effort, and the integration with the LEED Online system. Practical implications – The use of the tool by the building industry may decrease the cost of LEED certification for building owners, developers and design teams by simplifying the submission process. Originality/value – The overall development framework of LEPOST contributes to the knowledge of the data interoperability in the building sector by demonstrating a viable solution to extract and map digital model information for achieving code and standard compliance purposes.
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Watts, Christabel, Mark F. Jentsch, and Patrick AB James. "Evaluation of domestic Energy Performance Certificates in use." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 32, no. 4 (August 3, 2011): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624411404486.
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Since October 2008, Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) have been a mandatory requirement for all dwellings sold or rented in England and Wales. Having now been in place for some time, it is of interest to assess the scheme’s impact and effectiveness. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey, targeted at almost 2000 homeowners in Southampton on the South coast of England, who bought their home within the first year of the scheme’s introduction. The survey had a response rate of 17% and established homeowner awareness of EPCs, but highlighted that they had little impact on decision-making or price negotiation. Where retrofitting measures have been undertaken, results are inconclusive as to whether retrofitting was done as a result of EPCs. Energy efficiency was not found to be a priority for homebuyers. Practical applications: The survey presented in this paper highlights that further refinement of EPCs and the certification process appear to be needed, in order for the scheme to become a widespread success in the domestic sector. Whilst there is an awareness of the scheme in general, there appears to be limited recognition of its potential. This poses a challenge for the building industry and certification bodies, which need to seek ways to better communicate the benefits of the scheme, in order to instigate the refurbishment works that are required to meet the national carbon emissions reduction targets in the UK.
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Tagliabue, L. C., F. Re Cecconi, N. Moretti, and M. C. Dejaco. "The Influence of Energy Performance Certification the Market Value of Residential Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 290 (June 21, 2019): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/290/1/012062.
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Tamašauskas, Rokas, Jolanta Šadauskienė, and Monika Šadauskaitė. "Evaluation of the Influence of the Primary Energy Factor of Hydropower Plants in the Methodology for Assessing the Energy Performance of Buildings." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (July 15, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051004.
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There is currently no common or standardized procedure for certification of the energy performance of buildings, as each EU Member State takes into account the specificities of its own construction sector when implementing the provisions of Directive 2010/31/EU. This usually depends on two features: the purpose of the building and the climate. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of the hydropower primary energy factor on assessing the energy performance of buildings. For this purpose, non-renewable primary energy factor values were analyzed regarding actual energy production and consumption data from 19 Lithuanian hydroelectric plants. The results of the studies show that the average value of the non-renewable primary energy factor of hydropower plants is 0.059.
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Kim, Hye Gi, and Sun Sook Kim. "Occupants’ Awareness of and Satisfaction with Green Building Technologies in a Certified Office Building." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 2109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052109.
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With growing awareness of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, much effort has been made to achieve “sustainability” in the building sector. Across the globe, many architects and building owners are striving to realize mandatory or voluntary building certification, in order to affirm the environmental performance of their buildings. Various sustainable design strategies and green building technologies have been adopted to improve buildings’ environmental performance as well as to achieve higher levels of certification. These technologies and strategies could affect building occupants’ satisfaction as well as productivity. This paper presents the results of post occupancy evaluation (POE) surveys to investigate occupants’ awareness of various green building technologies and their satisfaction levels and causes of dissatisfaction for selected technologies. A questionnaire survey was conducted for an office building in Korea that had received the highest grades in rating and certification systems. Some technologies showed higher levels of awareness and satisfaction, but there were also a few technologies with lower levels of satisfaction than we had expected. If these technologies are applied to buildings in the future, after improvisation or modification based on the POE results, it could serve as an effective strategy to increase people’s satisfaction as well as improve environmental performance.
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Monstvilas, Edmundas, Karolis Banionis, Vytautas Stankevičius, Jūratė Karbauskaitė, and Raimondas Bliūdžius. "HEAT GAINS IN BUILDINGS ‐ LIMIT CONDITIONS FOR CALCULATING ENERGY CONSUMPTION." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2010.50.
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The results of analysis presented in the paper are related to the certification of energy performance in buildings using calculation methods, when the real energy consumption of the building is not analyzed. Energy consumption for cooling is not examined. Heat transmission losses could be less than the sum of the heat gains of a building if building thermal insulation is sufficient. Currently, the whole amount of heat gains is included into calculation without the evaluation of time parameters. No limit conditions are specified in order to define surplus heat flows and the amount of heat flows so that energy performance of building is calculated. Thus, difference between heat gains and heat flows of a building could be negative. In the paper the basic formation schemes of heat gain access and accumulation are presented due to the presence of people and the bright period of the day. The most adverse circumstances are analyzed for the composition of the proposed schemes. The composition of estimating heat gains is the same for all categories of buildings. Calculation equations have been composed for the estimation of heat gains according to the basic formation schemes. The average monthly parameters of the heating season are used for calculation. The analysis of calculation has been done for the different categories of buildings in order to compare the results of building energy consumption when limit conditions for heat gains are estimated and vice versa. The analysis of different calculation methods of energy consumption has showed that limit conditions for heat gains are important to evaluate the calculation methodology of energy performance for building certification needs. It is important that the calculation methodology of energy performance for building certification would be universal for all EU member states. The presented limit conditions of the heat gains of a building could be used for improving calculation methods of energy consumption in the building certification process. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateiktu tyrimu rezultatai susieti su tais atvejais, kai pastatu energinis naudingumas ivertinamas skaičiavimo būdu, neatsižvelgiant i realius pastato energijos suvartojimo rodiklius. Energijos sanaudos pastato vesinimui neivertintos. Jei pastatas gerai apšiltintas, jo šilumos nuostoliai gali būti mažesni už suminius pritekančios šilumos kiekius. Dabartiniu metu skaičiuojant pastato energijos sanaudas ivertinami visi pritekančios šilumos kiekiai, išsiskiriantys pastate ar i ji patenkantys iš išores. Kol kas neaptarti laikiniai pritekančios šilumos i pastata parametrai, neaptartos ribines salygos, pagal kurias turi būti nustatyti pertekline pritekanti šiluma ir pritekančios šilumos kiekiai, kuriuos būtina vertinti skaičiuojant pastato energijos sanaudas. Todel skirtumas tarp pastato šilumos nuostoliu ir pritekančios šilumos kiekiu gali būti minusinis, t. y. pastatas pradeda gaminti energija. Darbe pateiktos autoriu sudarytos principines pritekančios šilumos kiekiu i pastata schemos per para, priklausomai nuo žmoniu buvimo pastate ta para, ir šviesaus paros laikotarpio trukmes. Sudarant šias schemas, pasirinktas pats nepalankiausias pritekančios šilumos atvejis, bendras visu naudojimo paskirčiu pastatams. Pagal šias schemas sudarytos formules, apibūdinančios ribines šilumos pritekejimo salygas, ir pagal jas buvo atlikti ivairios paskirties pastatu kontroliniai energijos sanaudu skaičiavimai pagal šildymo sezono vidutinius menesio rodiklius. Šiu skaičiavimu rezultatai rodo, kad šilumos pritekejimo i pastata ribiniu salygu ivertinimas daro didele itaka pastato energijos sanaudu skaičiavimu rezultatams. Svarbu, kad pastatu energinio naudingumo sertifikavimo skaičiavimo metodikos būtu paremtos tais pačiais pastatu energijos suvartojimo vertinimo principais. Straipsnyje autoriu pateiktos šilumos pritekejimo ribines salygos galetu būti panaudotos tikslinant skaičiavimo metodikos principus pastatu energiniam naudingumui ivertinti.
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Ahern, Ciara, and Brian Norton. "Energy Performance Certification: Misassessment due to assuming default heat losses." Energy and Buildings 224 (October 2020): 110229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110229.
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Seong, Soon-Taek, Ki-Duk Chang, Il Myung, and Su-Hyung Lee. "Impact of Energy Performance Sector on Assessing Green Building Certification : Comparison of energy performance evaluation with other sectors." KIEAE Journal 18, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12813/kieae.2018.18.3.057.
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Manganelli, Benedetto, Pierluigi Morano, Francesco Tajani, and Francesca Salvo. "Affordability Assessment of Energy-Efficient Building Construction in Italy." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010249.
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This research tries to investigate, in the current condition of the Italian real estate market, the economic advantage of investing in energy retrofitting of existing buildings or in expenditure aimed at obtaining higher energy performances in the construction phase of new buildings. A cost-benefit analysis is developed referring to the construction industry entrepreneur. Firstly, the increase in value due to a different measurement of the energy performance of new buildings or newly redeveloped residential buildings is achieved through an innovative statistical approach. Energy performance is measured by taking as a reference the category of energy certification, as required by European legislation. In the estimate of the contribution, the measurement of energy performance, expressed on an ordinal scale, is treated as a categorical variable in the implementation of an iterative regression model, called the alternating least squares model. Afterwards, this contribution is compared to the cost of sustainable building, trying to define a percentage increase in cost compared to a minimum condition according to different and increasing levels of energy performance. In the developed case studies, the comparison between likely benefits and investment spending showed that the entrepreneur would have no convenience at an expense for energy retrofitting while obtaining a positive balance in the construction phase of new buildings. The financial advantage grows if the investment is aimed at achieving the best energy performance and in areas where the price level of the real estate market is lower. The finding can be used as a guide for construction industry investors to make decisions in energy-efficient residential buildings production or transformation.
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Lee, Young S. "Lighting Quality and Acoustic Quality in LEED-Certified Buildings Using Occupant Evaluation." Journal of Green Building 6, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.6.2.139.
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Lighting quality and acoustic quality are often not well addressed in the current green building practice, including the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System in the US. While the level of LEED certification indicates the level of sustainability, it is not clear if a higher level of LEED certification also implies a more comfortable and productive work environment. The study intended to find the relationship between the level of LEED certification and the level of worker satisfaction and perceived job performance regarding lighting quality and acoustic quality from fifteen LEED-certified buildings. The findings indicate that the LEED Platinum building group tended to provide better lighting quality than the other lower certification groups, while the LEED Gold building group showed lower lighting quality and acoustic quality than the rest of the groups. Workplace designers and organizations should be mindful of the importance of lighting and acoustic qualities in promoting better comfort and productivity as it is easy to overlook these criteria when complying with LEED IEQ guidelines.
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Sesana, M. M., G. Salvalai, O. Greslou, M. Rivallain, and J. Zirngibl. "Long - Term Renovation Strategies, Energy Voluntary Certification Scheme and Building Renovation Passport: an overview on Energy Performance Certification tools for the European Building stock." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 296 (July 30, 2019): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/296/1/012029.
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Kresevic, Ziga, and Claudia Volberg. "The Return of Spatial Dimension into Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.237.
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The aim of the paper is to explore and establish a base for a possible development of a more holistic and spatially-inclusive method for evaluating energy performance of buildings. This is to be achieved by envisioning building envelopes as arrangements of spatial zones, which could improve the overall energy balance of buildings but at the same time reduce the usage of construction materials and thus consumption of production energy and built-up space. The wall deconstructed in spatial zones, as shown e.g. in Antivilla by Brandlhuber-+, opens a series of questions about the future of existing building codes and certification tools. The potentials are discussed based on the aspects of flexibility, responsiveness, adaptability, replaceability and affordability. The analysis outlines the benefits of the inclusion of those paradigms in the definition of sustainable architecture, and at the same time exposes the lack of possibility to reflect their potential by the established certification criteria. The paper aims at opening the discussion about the limits and traps of quantifying architecture and calls for rethinking of established schemes of sustainability in building sector.
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Tabrizi, Aydin. "Sustainable Construction, LEED as a Green Rating System and the Importance of Moving to NZEB." E3S Web of Conferences 241 (2021): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124102001.
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In this study, in order to evaluate the possibility of achieving the Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) goal, the history of sustainable construction, and available green-rating systems with specific focus on Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) rating system were explained. LEED rating system was selected as the most prevalent rating system in the industry to evaluate and analyze its efficiencies/drawbacks specifically in regards to the energy efficiency. The goal of this study is to answer an important question of the reasons to focus on NZEB concept when LEED rating has come up with a detailed certification process, which is somehow beneficial in regards to energy reduction. NZEB concept is defined as an evolution of very energy-efficient approach and it requires that the buildings have zero energy balance on an annual basis. This paper explains this questions in detail and it consists of three parts: in the first part sustainable building rating system including LEED certification is explained. The second part explains the deficiencies of LEED rating system in regards to the energy performance of buildings and the last part explains the NZEB concept and the movement towards the NZEB target.
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Herrando, María, David Cambra, Marcos Navarro, Lucio de la Cruz, Gema Millán, and Ignacio Zabalza. "Energy Performance Certification of Faculty Buildings in Spain: The gap between estimated and real energy consumption." Energy Conversion and Management 125 (October 2016): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.037.
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Zhivov, Alexander M. "Parameters for Thermal Energy Systems Resilience." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 08001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124608001.
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To provide a building design that is robust, adaptable, and affordable, one must understand the aspects of the building’s geographic location that will impact equipment selections, operating hours, and maintenance needs. One must also consider the building’s “thermal resilience,” i.e., its ability to withstand a heating plant outage. Designing for resilience is of growing importance, especially for military and government installations that must maintain critical functions even during outages. Buildings with a fast rate of temperature degradation with the loss of heating system function have low resiliency; buildings with a slower rate of temperature degradation have higher resiliency. In extreme cold climates, resiliency can play an integral role in protecting property during an outage. A drop in indoor temperature can pose a risk of freezing plumbing, which can lead to burst pipes and interior flooding that can cause enormous and costly damage, and which can effect a loss of workspace in an office building. More resilient designs must consider not only building HVAC installations, but also building envelope and the whole energy infrastructure, including thermal capacity of concrete and brick walls, internal water pipes, critical system redundancy, outside insulation without weak points, and a centrally controlled, low carbon hot water heat supply. This paper describes a quantitative approach to evaluate a system’s resiliency based on analytical and experimental studies conducted under IEA EBC Annex 73 and the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) project Technologies Integration to Achieve Resilient, Low-Energy Military Installations, to evaluate building energy performance in extreme climate conditions. This work recommends that more thermally resilient designs for buildings in cold climates include consideration of increased thermal resistance of the building envelope, improved whole-building airtightness, and higher thermal mass.
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Jung, Hae Kwon, Ki Hyung Yu, and Young Sun Jeong. "Energy Performance Analysis on the Design Conditions of High-Rise Apartment Houses in South Korea." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 1099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.1099.
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Aapartment houses account for more than 60% of the total of residential buildings to be built in South Korea. In particular, a high-rise apartment house with 21 floors or more has steadily increased in densely populated areas. The heating and cooling energy demand of the apartment house is greatly affected by the shape and the thermal insulation of its building envelope. In addition to its functional efficiency, the shape of building envelope in a high-rise apartment house is considered to be an important factor for the urban landscape with diverse construction methods and materials. In this study, we analyzed the heating and cooling energy demand depending on the effective heat capacity of building structure and the installation position of thermal insulation materials as the design conditions of high-rise apartment houses. This study used the ECO2 energy analysis program for the building energy efficiency grading certification system in South Korea.
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Park, Jae Han, Gi Wook Cha, and Won Hwa Hong. "The Evaluation of Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission on Green Building Certification Apartments in Korea." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.384.
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With G-SEED (Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design), an environment-friendly building certification system, Korea is promoting the efficient energy management in the building. In particular, apartments account for the biggest share of the G-SEED authentication results. However, there has not been enough evaluation or research on the environmental performance of buildings certified by G-SEED as well as its own institutional issues. Therefore, this study compared energy consumption and CO2 emissions of G-SEED certified apartments and non G-SEED certified apartments to analyze the environmental performance of G-SEED certified apartments. The analysis shows that G-SEED certified apartments have better results than non G-SEED certified apartments in terms of energy consumption and CO2 emissions.
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Amiri, Ali, Juudit Ottelin, and Jaana Sorvari. "Are LEED-Certified Buildings Energy-Efficient in Practice?" Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061672.
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Depletion of natural resources and climate change are undoubtedly the biggest challenges that humankind faces today. Here, buildings have a crucial role since they consume the majority, i.e., 30% to 40% of the total energy resources. Green building certification is one of the solutions to limit the energy use in buildings. In addition, it is seen to indicate a consideration for sustainability aspects in construction. LEED is the most widely used certificate worldwide. However, recently some critics have raised doubts about LEED and whether it actually implies sustainability. Most of the criticism has been targeted to the energy aspects of LEED. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on the usefulness of LEED: is it really beneficial for the environment, and is it worth of the money and time invested on the certification process? In this study a critical analysis of the literature to find an answer to this question is presented. Altogether 44 peer reviewed articles dealing with the abovementioned issue were selected out of 164 search result. Based on the studied material, the different aspects of LEED from the viewpoint of energy-efficiency are discussed. From the 44 reviewed articles, ten articles state that LEED certificate indicates energy efficiency while eight papers end up with an opposite conclusion. The rest of the papers do not take any stand on this matter. The study showed that energy efficiency of LEED-certified buildings is questionable especially at lower levels, i.e., certified. Therefore, it is recommended to modify the Energy and Atmosphere category of LEED in order to improve the actual energy performance of buildings.
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Pont, Ulrich, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Evaluation of Prescriptive Indicators for Building Performance - A Ranking Based Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.172.
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In recent discussions on the evaluation methodology of different aspects of building performance, the idea of so-called prescriptive indicators was proposed. These indicators are simple benchmark values of a building, and do not require any complex calculation or simulation. They are regularly based on certain design parameters pertaining to geometric or semantic aspects of the building, such as compactness and mean weighted U-value. Their purpose – amongst others – is to equip building planners with a very quick method to estimate the performance of their building designs in early design stages and to categorize its performance. Moreover, such prescriptive indicators could be considered an alternative concept to the current practice of energy certification in Europe. The energy certificate calculation methodologies in most countries did increase in complexity in the past years. As a result, the issuing of energy certificates has become a time-consuming and cumbersome process. Moreover, the quality of results of energy certificates became questioned in recent years due to uncertainties connected to input data assumptions and widely interpretable guidelines regarding the issuing. Prescriptive indicators, if their derivation is properly documented, can at least mitigate the issue regarding issuing guidelines due to their simple character. A important research question, however, is the relation between key performance indicators, which are the results of energy certification or building performance simulation, and prescriptive indicators. This contribution suggests a methodology based on rank comparison that might help to identify prescriptive indicators that are similar in their sensitivity on design changes as certain key performance indicators are.
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Grudzińska, Magdalena, and Ewa Jakusik. "Energy performance of buildings in Poland on the basis of different climatic data." Indoor and Built Environment 26, no. 4 (February 9, 2016): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16631031.
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Typical Meteorological Years (TMY) were prepared in Poland due to the introduction of obligatory energy certification for buildings. They are based on source data collected by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management from 1971 to 2000. Predictions indicate that until the end of the 21st century, the air temperature will increase. Therefore, the characteristics obtained with the use of TMY may differ from the energy demand of buildings used nowadays. This article compares energy demand calculated with the use of TMY and subsequent climatic data from 2001 to 2012, for three different locations in Poland. The analyses were performed with the use of the dynamic simulation computer program, for typical living quarters in a multifamily residential building with different construction and window orientation. Results obtained with the use of TMY and subsequent climatic data show that the typical years can be used for the evaluation of heating demand. However, cooling demand calculated with the use of TMY was significantly lower in comparison with the mean cooling demand for the years 2001–2012. This may distort the energy needs and indoor environment conditions in summer, and cause discomfort or unnecessary energy use in presently occupied dwellings.
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Petráš, Dušan, Michal Krajčík, Jozef Bugáň, and Emília Ďurišová. "Indoor Environment and Energy Performance of Office Buildings Equipped with a Low Temperature Heating / High Temperature Cooling System." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.36.
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Energy performance and indoor environment were investigated in two modern office buildings equipped by a low temperature heating and high temperature cooling system. Both buildings have the facade made of glass. In the first building, radiant panels are suspended under the ceiling in order to create comfortable conditions, natural gas boilers are the installed in order to generate heat and chillers are used to generate cool. The second building has heat pumps installed to provide the building with heat/cool and capillary pipes are embedded in the plaster on the ceiling surface to emit the heat/cool into the occupied space. The energy performance was calculated in accordance with the set of CEN standards for energy certification and is presented in the form of energy certificates. Thermal comfort and indoor air quality were experimentally studied by long-term and short-term measurements and through questionnaires filled in by the occupants themselves. The study has shown that the low temperature heating/high temperature cooling system has the potential to create a comfortable indoor environment at low energy consumption, but the ability of the heating/cooling systems to do so is closely related to the appropriate control of the systems.
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Golbazi, Maryam, and Can B. Aktas. "LEED CERTIFICATION AND PATIENT WELLBEING IN GREEN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES." Journal of Green Building 15, no. 4 (September 1, 2020): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.15.4.3.
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ABSTRACT Beyond resource efficiencies, green buildings aim to create healthy indoor environments for building occupants. In terms of improving occupant well-being, a unique case emerges for healthcare facilities, whose patients may be at a vulnerable state. In the U.S., the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system has become the most widely recognized certification system for green buildings, including green healthcare facilities and buildings. Hospitals with high total scores in the LEED rating system are green buildings but may not necessarily be the optimal green healthcare environment from a patient’s wellbeing perspective. Certified health-care facilities were analyzed in terms of their credit valuation to assess whether health-care facilities prioritize specific criteria that influence patient wellbeing and recovery time. Analysis of results indicate hospitals may be valuing the level of certification more than those credits that were deemed relevant for patient wellbeing and rate of recovery, either due to lack of information or due to economic constraints. To consolidate the previous results and to compare the performance of LEED certified green hospitals to the national average, the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey was analyzed for patients’ perspectives on the healthcare facility. Results indicate higher satisfaction in green hospitals’ overall patient care performance as well as a greater tendency to recommend green hospitals to others compared to the national average. No statistical significance was found for hospital cleanliness and quietness between green hospitals and the national average. HIGHLIGHTS
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Almeida, Laura, Vivian W. Y. Tam, Khoa N. Le, and Yujuan She. "Effects of occupant behaviour on energy performance in buildings: a green and non-green building comparison." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 8 (June 26, 2020): 1939–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2019-0653.
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PurposeOccupants are one of the most impacting factors in the overall energy performance of buildings, according to literature. Occupants’ behaviours and actions may impact the overall use of energy in more than 50%. In order to quantify the impact that occupant behaviour has in the use of energy, this study simulated interactions between occupants and the systems present in two actual buildings. The main aim was to compare the deviations due to occupant behaviour with the actual conditions and energy use of the two buildings.Design/methodology/approachThe buildings used as a case study in this research were green buildings, rated according to the Australian Green Star certification system as a 6-star and a non-rated building. The two buildings are university buildings with similar characteristics, from Western Sydney University, in Sydney, Australia. A comparison was performed by means of building simulations among the use of energy in both buildings, aiming to understand if the green rating had any impact on the energy related to occupant behaviour. Therefore, to represent the actual buildings' conditions, the actual data related with climate, geometry, systems, internal loads, etc. were used as input variables in the simulation models of the green and the non-rated buildings. Both models were calibrated and validated, having as target the actual monitored use of electricity.FindingsOccupants were categorized according to their levels of energy use as follows: saving, real and intensive energy users. Building simulations were performed to each building, with varying parameters related with lighting, plug loads, windows/doors opening, shading and air conditioning set points. Results show that occupant behaviour may impact the buildings' energy performance in a range of 72% between the two extremes. There is no significant relationship between the green rating and the way occupants behave in terms of the energy use.Originality/valueThis study intends to show the impact of different categories of occupant behaviour in the overall energy performance of two university buildings, a non-rated and a green-rated building, having as reference an actual representation of the buildings. Additionally, the study aims to understand the main differences between a green-rated and a non-rated building when accounting with the previous categories.
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Attanasio, Antonio, Marco Piscitelli, Silvia Chiusano, Alfonso Capozzoli, and Tania Cerquitelli. "Towards an Automated, Fast and Interpretable Estimation Model of Heating Energy Demand: A Data-Driven Approach Exploiting Building Energy Certificates." Energies 12, no. 7 (April 2, 2019): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071273.
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Energy performance certification is an important tool for the assessment and improvement of energy efficiency in buildings. In this context, estimating building energy demand also in a quick and reliable way, for different combinations of building features, is a key issue for architects and engineers who wish, for example, to benchmark the performance of a stock of buildings or optimise a refurbishment strategy. This paper proposes a methodology for (i) the automatic estimation of the building Primary Energy Demand for space heating ( P E D h ) and (ii) the characterization of the relationship between the P E D h value and the main building features reported by Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs). The proposed methodology relies on a two-layer approach and was developed on a database of almost 90,000 EPCs of flats in the Piedmont region of Italy. First, the classification layer estimates the segment of energy demand for a flat. Then, the regression layer estimates the P E D h value for the same flat. A different regression model is built for each segment of energy demand. Four different machine learning algorithms (Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network) are used and compared in both layers. Compared to the current state-of-the-art, this paper brings a contribution in the use of data mining techniques for the asset rating of building performance, introducing a novel approach based on the use of independent data-driven models. Such configuration makes the methodology flexible and adaptable to different EPCs datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methodology can estimate the energy demand with reasonable errors, using a small set of building features. Moreover, the use of Decision Tree algorithm enables a concise interpretation of the quantitative rules used for the estimation of the energy demand. The methodology can be useful during both designing and refurbishment of buildings, to quickly estimate the expected building energy demand and set credible targets for improving performance.
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Cerquitelli, Tania, Evelina Di Corso, Stefano Proto, Paolo Bethaz, Daniele Mazzarelli, Alfonso Capozzoli, Elena Baralis, Marco Mellia, Silvia Casagrande, and Martina Tamburini. "A Data-Driven Energy Platform: From Energy Performance Certificates to Human-Readable Knowledge through Dynamic High-Resolution Geospatial Maps." Electronics 9, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122132.
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The energy performance certificate (EPC) is a document that certifies the average annual energy consumption of a building in standard conditions and allows it to be classified within a so-called energy class. In a period such as this, when greenhouse gas emissions are of considerable importance and where the objective is to improve energy security and reduce energy costs in our cities, energy certification has a key role to play. The proposed work aims to model and characterize residential buildings’ energy efficiency by exploring heterogeneous, geo-referenced data with different spatial and temporal granularity. The paper presents TUCANA (TUrin Certificates ANAlysis), an innovative data mining engine able to cover the whole analytics workflow for the analysis of the energy performance certificates, including cluster analysis and a model generalization step based on a novel spatial constrained K-NN, able to automatically characterize a broad set of buildings distributed across a major city and predict different energy-related features for new unseen buildings. The energy certificates analyzed in this work have been issued by the Piedmont Region (a northwest region of Italy) through open data. The results obtained on a large dataset are displayed in novel, dynamic, and interactive geospatial maps that can be consulted on a web application integrated into the system. The visualization tool provides transparent and human-readable knowledge to various stakeholders, thus supporting the decision-making process.
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Kwiatkowski, Jerzy, and Joanna Rucińska. "Estimation of Energy Efficiency Class Limits for Multi-Family Residential Buildings in Poland." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 6234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236234.
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The need to achieve energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission decreases within the building sector requires the implementation of a supportive legal framework. To fulfil this requirement, a building certification system must be developed that is easily understandable for end users. In Poland, assessments of the energy performance of buildings are based on primary energy indicator verification. However, this parameter is difficult to understand for building owners or for tenants. Therefore, in this study, energy efficiency class limits and a heating indicator for energy needs indicator have been estimated for multi-family buildings in Poland. To achieve this purpose, a reference building was used and 180 calculation variants were developed, which considered the following variables: 3 types of climate data, 4 values of building shape ratios, 3 types of ventilation, 3 thermal transmittance standards and 3 windows area ratios to the external wall. The results showed that the greatest influences on the need for energy used for heating were the type of ventilation used and the local climate. This study shows that the methodology used is adequate for energy efficiency class limits estimations involving multi-family buildings in Poland.
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Gangolells, Casals, Ferré-Bigorra, Forcada, Macarulla, Gaspar, and Tejedor. "Energy Benchmarking of Existing Office Stock in Spain: Trends and Drivers." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 6356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226356.
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Buildings play a central role in the clean energy transition, which is why it is vital to understand how energy is consumed in this sector. Energy performance certificate databases are considered a key source of information on the characteristics of built building stock. Despite a growing portfolio of studies based on information from such databases, little is known about energy consumption in offices. This paper explores the modelled energy performance of existing offices in Spain, using data from 13,701 energy performance certificates collected by the Catalan Institute of Energy (ICAEN) in 2013–2018. Offices were found to consume between 202.66 and 212.10 kWhp/m2·year and were mostly ranked in classes C and D (~64%). Offices with E, F or G labels represent ~28% of the sample while A and B energy ratings are very scarce (~8%). Key drivers of energy consumption variation were found to be the office type, construction period, climate zone, renewable energy use, energy certification procedure and motivation for obtaining an energy performance certificate. Ownership was not found to affect average calculated energy consumption. The results will help policy makers to plan future energy conservation strategies.
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Zirngibl, Johann, Carolina Mateo-Cecilia, and Carlos Espigares-Correa. "Alliance for deep renovation in buildings. A step forward to the common European voluntary certification scheme." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911103005.
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The ALDREN project (ALliance for Deep RENovation in Buildings) is the extended development and the implementation of a common European Voluntary Certification Scheme (EVCS) for non-residential buildings based on the EPBD Art. 11 (9) and CEN / ISO standards. ALDREN is a coordination and support action (CSA). It focuses on existing tools and schemes (partly developed by the European Commission), on networking, standardization, awareness raising and communications. The main goal of ALDREN is to encourage the construction sector value chain stakeholders to undertake deep renovation projects on their properties. Issuing completed and verified Energy Performance Certificates (EPC) before and after renovation, are to contribute to the development of innovative financial valuation of building assets and financing instruments (e.g. integrating loans with differentiated interest rates) and establishing business case for deep renovation to motivate private investment. The core objectives of the ALDREN project are: • To provide a harmonized European energy performance rating methodology based on the European Voluntary Certification Scheme (EVCS) verified by measurements to increase comparability, confidence and market uptake by standardized solutions (CEN/ISO standards) at European scale; • To associate low energy renovation with high quality indoor environments to trigger renovation and to promote solutions supporting health and well-being; • To align market recognition of high quality with enhanced building value and capacity building. The ALDREN overarching outcome will be the infrastructure to enable market transformation for deep renovation and directly support the EU policies (EED, EPBD). Specific solutions and step-by-step renovation process will be integrated in a consistent, common way in a Building Renovation Passport (BRP). The ALDREN BRP will be aligned with the GABC (Global Alliance for Building and Construction) Building Passport initiative, seconded by DG Grow and DG Environment and with the current initiatives for residential buildings. The non-residential sector (office buildings and hotels) is to be considered as a first step. To demonstrate the ALDREN approach , the upgraded EVCS will be implemented in pilot office buildings and hotels in different climates over the European territory. However, the ALDREN approach could be adapted to other market sectors, in a further development. ALDREN renovation protocols may be used as individual modules in existing schemes or as standalone tool, being potentially overtaken by Member States of the European Union.
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AKCAY, Emre Caner, and David ARDITI. "Desired points at minimum cost in the “Optimize Energy Performance” credit of leed certification." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 6 (June 22, 2017): 796–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1319412.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a method that guides designers in obtaining the desired number of earned points in the “Optimize Energy Performance” credit of the “Energy and Atmosphere” category of LEED version 4 (v4) certification at minimum cost. The model creates different scenarios, identifies the LEED points and costs for each scenario. The energy analysis calculations are performed by Sefaira, the quantities of materials are received from Autodesk Revit, and the cost information comes from the RSMeans Database. A macro in Excel automates the process. An office building was used as a case study to illustrate the applicability of the proposed method. The minimum cost necessary to achieve any number of points in the “Optimize Energy Performance” credit were calculated, such as a minimum cost of $842,500 to obtain 16 points, and $476,684 for 5 points. The primary contributions of this research include (1) the development of a tool that allows designers to pick the most economical alternative for the desired points in the “Optimize Energy Performance” credit, and (2) the first time integrated use of an energy simulation software (Sefaira), a cost database (RSMeans), and a BIM software (Autodesk Revit)