Academic literature on the topic 'Energy sector in Africa'

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Journal articles on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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Eleri, Ewah Otu. "The energy sector in southern Africa." Energy Policy 24, no. 1 (1996): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(95)00118-2.

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Tomala, Justyna, Mateusz Mierzejewski, Maria Urbaniec, and Sergio Martinez. "Towards Sustainable Energy Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities." Energies 14, no. 19 (2021): 6037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196037.

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Sub-Saharan Africa is considered a region with enormous economic and demographic potential. One of the main challenges it faces, included in the “Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want, implemented by the African Union”, is to provide access to electricity. Currently, 600 million inhabitants of the African continent do not have access to electricity, which is a significant limiting factor for further economic growth and socio-economic development. Moreover, the measures taken by individual Sub-Saharan African countries appear insufficient in the face of rapid population growth. The aim of the article is to analyse the opportunities and challenges of the development of Sub-Saharan Africa’s energy sector. This raises the following research question: to what extent can a sustainable energy transition be achieved in sub-Saharan African countries to ensure access to electricity? The study used Ward’s hierarchical clustering method, classification and regression tree analysis, and the distance-weighted least squares method. The results show that the level of development of the energy sector in the individual countries of Sub-Saharan Africa varies greatly. Moreover, the Sub-Saharan African region is exposed to the effects of climate change, which also affects the development of the energy sector and whether or not access to electricity can be ensured. The study contributes to assessments of the adaptive capacity and transformative potential of the energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is particularly important for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 7, which relates to building more robust and efficient systems, as well as implementing diversified energy sources. This research is crucial to bridge the energy access gap and build a resilient and sustainable economy in Sub-Saharan Africa countries.
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Prasad, Gisela. "Energy sector reform, energy transitions and the poor in Africa." Energy Policy 36, no. 8 (2008): 2806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.02.042.

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Burian, Martin, and Christof Arens. "The clean development mechanism." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (2014): 166–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-03-2013-0033.

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Purpose – Since the registration of the first clean development mechanism (CDM) project in 2004, the CDM has seen a dynamic expansion: the CDM pipeline currently comprises 6,725 projects generating 2.73 billion certified emission reductions (CERs) up to 2012. These CERs result in a substantial financial flow from Annex I to Non-Annex I countries. But CDM projects also result in investments in low carbon technologies, a substantial share of which is focused on the energy sector. The total installed capacity of all CDM projects amounts to 288,944 MW. However, the CDM is not widely taken up in Africa. This holds true for Africa's share in the CDM project pipeline (2.62 per cent), for Africa's share in CERs generated up to 2012 (3.58 per cent) and for the normalized CERs per capita, per country. Two hypothesizes are commonly discussed: first, the continent features low per capita emissions and low abatement potentials. Second, African countries may be hampered by weak institutional frameworks. This article reviews both hypotheses and presents new empirical data. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Investigating the greenhouse gas (GHS) abatement potential of 16 energy-related sectors for 11 selected least developed countries in sub-Saharan Africa shows a total theoretical CDM potential of 128.6 million CERs per year. Analyzing investment indicators confirms that most countries are impeded by below average investment conditions. Findings – It is concluded that Africa offers a considerable range of substantial abatement potentials. However, the weak institutional framework is limiting the uptake of the CDM in Africa. This is underpinned by an analysis which shows if a CDM sector has high investment cost, Africa will have a low share in the sector. If the sector has low investment needs per CER, Africa's share in the CDM sector will be bigger. Investment needs and Africa's share in the pipeline feature a negative correlation. Research limitations/implications – Supporting CDM development in Africa should not be constraint to technical assistance. It will be crucial to develop an integrated financing approach, comprising the CDM as a co-financing mechanism, to overcome the institutional challenges. Originality/value – Until today, there are few empirical studies that use concrete criteria and indicators to show why the CDM is underrepresented in Africa. The work presented here contributes to filling this gap.
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Gonzalez Sanchez, Rocio, Roman Seliger, Fernando Fahl, Luca De Felice, Taha B. M. J. Ouarda, and Fabio Farinosi. "Freshwater use of the energy sector in Africa." Applied Energy 270 (July 2020): 115171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115171.

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Woo, Chi-Keung. "Reforming the power sector in Africa." Energy 29, no. 8 (2004): 1231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2003.11.003.

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El-Osta, Wedad, and Usama Elghawi. "Assessment of Energy Intensity Indicators in Libya: Case Study." Sustainable Development Research (ISSN 2690-9898 e-ISSN 2690-9901) 2, no. 1 (2020): p9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/sdr.v2n1p9.

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Energy-efficient technologies provide chances for money savings and reducing environmental damages related to energy use. This paper aims to assess the energy efficiency in Libya and tools to promote its implementation. In addition, it seeks to present measures and programs that could be foreseen in the transformation sector and some end users.
 Data of energy intensity in Libya was taken from different recognized sources such as World Development Indicators (WDI) - World Bank, and Enerdata web site. The data was collected, assembled, and analyzed using Ms Excel sheets. Results were plotted and compared to World average and Africa or with (Middle East and North African) MENA countries where ever data is available. The main indicators over almost quarter of a century (1990-2014) were presented and changes over this period were indicated.
 It could be concluded that primary energy intensity for Libya during (2000- 2014) is comparable to world average values and for Africa and the final energy intensity has increased at only 0.7% per year during the same period. As an oil producer and exporter country, the ratio of final enrgy intensity to primary energy intensity in Libya has increased at a rate of 1.1% during (2000-2014), which is greater than the World average and African countries. The rate of energy intensity of transport has increased by 6.9 % per year for the period (1990-2014) and 7.8% per year for the period (2000-2014) compared to the world improvement (-1.8%) per year and for Africa (-0.3) % per year for the period (2000-2014)). This is due to lack of regulations and measures concerning this sector and increased number of private cars. Suitable measures and policies should be taken towards this sector to improve its performance since it contributes to the highest share of energy consumption. The highest share of electric energy consumption is at residential, then commercial and service end use, followed by street lighting. There is a good potential for energy saving at these sectors.
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Taliotis, Constantinos, Asami Miketa, Mark Howells, et al. "An indicative assessment of investment opportunities in the African electricity supply sector." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 25, no. 1 (2014): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i1a2681.

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In the coming decades, demand for electricity will increase considerably on the African continent. Investment in power generation, transmission and distribution is necessary to meet this demand. In this paper a cost-optimization tool is used to assess investment opportunities under varying scenarios of GDP growth, electricity trade and CO2 taxation. Business as usual fuel price outlooks are assumed, and related assumptions are relatively conservative. The goal is to find if there are economic indications that renewable energy might play a significant role in the expansion of the African electricity system. The results show that there is potential of renewable energy (RE) resources to have a significant share in the generation mix. By 2030, 42% and 55% of the total generation is powered by renewables in the high and low GDP scenarios respectively. Promotion of interregional trade can assist in unlocking RE potential across the continent, such as hydro in Central Africa and wind in East Africa; these regions are projected to be net exporters of electricity. Additionally, generation by off-grid technologies increases over time, reaching 12% of the total generation by 2030 in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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De Jongh, Derick, Dhirendra Ghoorah, and Anesu Makina. "South African renewable energy investment barriers: An investor perspective." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 25, no. 2 (2014): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i2a2665.

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As recently as the year 2010, renewable energy contributed less than 1% of all the energy sources in South Africa. Possible reasons include the lack of private sector investment in Renewable Energy technologies. By way of a structured interview methodology, this paper explores the reasons why private investors are reluctant to invest in renewables. The responses point to political, economic, social and technological barriers limiting private investment in renewable energy. Other barriers that were identified include poverty, low levels of education, limited technological readiness and access to the electricity grid. Some of these barriers are specific to the South African context. The paper concludes that a closer relationship between government and the private sector is required to stimulate innovation in the renewable energy sector.
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BARRA, Matteo, and Martin SVEC. "Reinforcing Energy Governance under the EU Energy Diplomacy: A Proposal for Strengthening Energy Frameworks in Africa." European Journal of Risk Regulation 9, no. 2 (2018): 245–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/err.2018.14.

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AbstractThis article, initially discussed at a conference organised in March 2017 by the Belgian Commission for Electricity and Gas Regulation (CREG) on the new governance structures in the EU energy sector, deals with energy governance structures in the EU energy and climate diplomacy and in development cooperation between the EU, its member states and third countries.It is understood that, at large, the existing tools of EU energy and climate diplomacy create governance structures: bilateral partnerships, trade agreements, regional and multilateral orders are per se instruments to govern the underlying relationship between the EU, its member states and third countries. The focus in this paper revolves around those instruments of EU energy and climate diplomacy which aim at reinforcing energy governance structures (referred to also as institutional and normative energy frameworks) and promoting solid transparent frameworks in the field of energy in partner countries.In particular, the paper aims at identifying – among the existing tools of the energy and climate diplomacy –instruments and opportunities in favour of African countries which contribute to strengthening those institutional and normative energy frameworks and facilitate investment towards universal energy access and energy transition. To do so, the paper reviews the existing policy and legal instruments of EU external energy action in general and in Africa and concludes proposing policy recommendations on further development cooperation and energy diplomacy initiatives in favour of African countries.The first section reviews the principles of EU energy and climate diplomacy and their alignment with development objectives, including the emphasis on strengthening institutional and normative frameworks in the energy sector. The second section considers the internal coordination between the EU and its member states which is necessary to carry out the external energy and climate diplomacy as well as development cooperation. The third section describes the existing tools of the EU energy diplomacy that aim to strengthen energy institutions and frameworks in partner countries. The fourth section reviews a selection of existing EU initiatives in favour of African countries and brings forward a proposal for EU action to reinforce energy governance structures of partner countries in Africa.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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Hare, Brent. "A talent management framework for the South African renewable energy sector." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/15912.

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Since the publication of the White Paper on energy Policy of 1998, South Africa has taken off on a new trajectory of sustainability. The South African government have identified that the renewable energy sector will play a critical role in advancing and improving the energy sector. They envisage that the sector will contribute to the development of a green economy and the creation of meaningful employment for all South Africans. With the renewable energy sector of South Africa being dependent on skills, many of which are pertinent for the success of the sector, sufficient skilled workers are required to provide a service to the growing sector. Upon engaging with individuals employed in the sector and embarking on the research it became apparent that there was a lack of a talent management framework for the sector. Talent management represents a means for companies to develop and sustain talent pipelines thereby creating a competitive advantage. Globally executives across the employment spectrum admit that they have challenges in building a strong talent pipeline. The South African Renewable Energy Sector (SARES) is not exempt from this reality, where it has been well documented that South Africa is struggling with a skills shortage. This makes it difficult to grow and develop a fledgling sector. The purpose of this treatise was to evaluate the need for a talent management framework for the South African Renewable Energy Sector. To evaluate this, a literature review was performed on concepts relating to the development of a talent management framework specifically for the sector. These concepts or independent variables were, engineering skills, competence, knowledge worker, policies supporting RE development as well as training and development. The talent management framework relied on ring fencing the study around the knowledge worker, by correlating the definition of an engineer to that of a knowledge worker. The results show that despite the proclamation made by the South African government that South Africa is geared to supply the skills required for SARES. The research found a need for educational institutes to produce more knowledge workers. The results of this research study showed that despite the low positive correlation between the five independent variables, being, engineering skills, competence, knowledge worker, policies supporting RE development they would still provide those responsible for recruitment and talent management with a platform to be able to develop a working talent management strategy. There is a need for the development of a suitable talent management framework, which would allow the sector to manage elements of talent management such as recruitment and retention of knowledge workers. The proposed talent management framework can be used to assist in consolidating the present recruitment practises as well as being used to develop a talent management strategy for the sector.
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Mkhonta, Ernest Sipho Godfrey. "The difficulties faced by African utilities to secure finance for infrastructure development : energy sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97347.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Expansion of electricity generation and transmission infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa is on a very slow path compared to the demand and is by far lower than the potential demand. The projects needed to bridge the gap demand high capital input from the project sponsors. Securing finance to bring the generation expansion and new transmission line project into operation is difficult for utilities from small economies. The study contained in this document intends to investigate the difficulties faced by utilities to secure funding as they make efforts to meet the demand for electricity in their own countries and contribute to the regional electricity supply. Often projects are delayed because utilities have not fulfilled the strict requirements of the financial institutions. The research is limited to the two utilities and a sample of the development finance institutions that traditionally support these two countries with facilities for development. Data was collected from senior officials of the utilities and institutions involves using questionnaire and interview questions and analysed using statistical tools and inductive methods. The difficulties were divided into four major themes were found through the study. These are economic issues, financial issues, capacity issues and governance issues. The utilities need to be assisted in order to deal with these difficulties. The industry needs reforms are to truly liberalise it and allow other players in particular the private sector to participate in power generation. The impact of this would be the relaxation of the entry barriers for independent power producers and a better framework for public private partnerships.
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Msimanga, Bongani. "Exploring the impacts of renewable energy and energy efficiency policies on the mining sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96668.

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Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Worldwide, energy has been, and continues to be, key to economic development. However, the current global consensus is that energy-related carbon dioxide emissions would, at current rates, put the world onto a potentially catastrophic trajectory which could lead to global warming of 5 degree Celsius or more compared to pre-industrial times. There is a critical need for a low-carbon development or a move away from conventional fossil fuels energy sources. This study explores impacts of policies that South Africa developed in order to champion sustainable energy strategies based on energy efficiency and non-conventional energy sources, including renewable energy. The mining sector, because of its energy-intensive nature, was chosen. In order to achieve this objective three approaches were carried out: (i) a critical review of literature on energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE) ; (ii) two case-studies that demonstrate the impacts of the policies; and (iii) action research on a sample of mines using survey questionnaire and interviewing. The research results show that the need to have security in energy and the need to be competitive and grow revenue are significant in deciding to carry out EE and RE initiatives in the mining sector. The results also show that safety followed by production are the priorities and are accompanied by a range of other demands, such as cost reduction and legislative requirements. It is, therefore, within this context that EE and RE initiative will always be carried out in the mining sector. The research concludes that, under the current market framework, South African EE and RE policies are not as effective as hoped they would be. The research, therefore, recommends that a percentage of the mines’ revenue could be dedicated to EE and RE initiatives. In addition, South Africa needs to come up with a new type of productive endeavour that would lead to less extractive industries, including mines.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Energie is, was en sal wereldwyd altyd die sleutel wees tot ekonomiese ontwikkeling. Nieteenstaande, word dit wereldwyd aanvaar dat die huidige energie opwekking se koolstofdioksied vrystelling moontlik kan lei tot aardverwarming van 5 grade Celsius of meer wanneer vergelyk met word met pre-industriële tye. Daar is ‘n kritiese behoefte aan lae koolstofdioksied vrystelling ontwikkelings of ‘n beperking van konvensionele fossielbrandstof energiebronne. Hierdie studie analiseer die impak van die Suid Afrikaanse beleid wat ontwikkel is om volhoubare energie te bevorder wat effektief en onkonvensioneel is, insluitend hernubare energie. Die mynsektor, as ‘n groot verbruiker van energie, vorm die kern van die studie. Die studie is voltooi in drie fases naamlik: (1) kritiese oorsig van die literatuur oor energiedoeltreffendheid (EE) en hernubare energie (RE); (2) twee gevallestudies wat die impak van die beleid bevestig; en (3) praktiese navorsing deur middel van vraelyste en persoonlike onderhoude met seker myne. Die navorsing bevestig dat die behoefte aan bestendige energie teen kompeterende pryse wat die mynsektor in staat stel om inkomste te groei ,‘n beduidende invloed het op die besluit om EE of RE inisiatiewe te onderneem. Die resultate bevestig verder dat beroepsveiligheid en produksie uitsette die eerste prioriteite vir die myne is. Dit word verder beinvloed deur kostebesparings en wetlike vereistes. Enige EE en RE inisiatiewe wat onderneem word sal in hierdie konteks plaasvind. Die navorsing kom tot die slotsom dat, onder huidige marktoestande, Suid Afrika se EE en RE beleid nie so effektief is as waarop daar gehoop is nie. Die navorsing beveel derhalwe aan dat ‘n persentasie van myne se inkomste geoormerk moet word vir EE en RE inisiatiewe. Verder meer , Suid Afrika moet strewe na tipes produksie wat minder natuurlike grondstowwe onttrek, insluitend die myne.
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Shirima, Hieromini Ireneus. "Power sector reforms and regulation in selected Eastern and Southern Africa countries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10800.

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Bibliography: leaves 154-164 .<br>The objective of this thesis is to undertake a comparative review of the power sector reforms and regulation in seven eastern and southern African countries, namely Uganda, Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, Swaziland and Tanzania.
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Mula, Masauko. "Power sector reforms and regulation in selected countries of Central and Southern Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4971.

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Jonathan, Ellsworth Chouncey. "Supply chain risk mitigation strategies in the electrical energy sector in South Africa." Thesis, Vaal University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/410.

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Interferences to supply chains, regardless of whether they are regular, unplanned or intentional, are progressively distorting supply chain execution. Given that such disruptions are probably not going to diminish, for the time being, supply chain risk mitigating solutions will assume an undeniably critical part of the management of supply chains. This research acknowledges the existence of an extensive variety of approaches to mitigate risks across supply chains, yet argues that most methodologies may not be reasonable if the culture of an organisation does not support them. Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) has rapidly become of significance to the world economy. Though the supply of electrical energy in Southern Africa affects the economies of nations around the globe, it has received too little consideration from the literary community. The focus of this thesis is to expand the field of SCRM by analysing how different risk assessment and management concepts and practices are comprehended, construed and employed through the region. The majority of developed supply chain management and risk management models are currently entrenched in the US and Europe. Consequently, this research is of high significance since its essential aim was to investigate these concepts and models, in particular, one focused on Africa. This approach enabled the thesis to examine and test components related to SCRM, such as risk categories, risk assessment and risk strategies, in the electrical energy sector in South Africa. The study in this manner offers knowledge that was not otherwise accessible in earlier research. In pursuit of meeting the requirements of the research questions, the supply chain department in the electrical energy supplier was researched. This study adopted the non-probability sampling approach utilising the purposive sampling technique to choose the sampling components from the target population. Data was collected by way of conducting semi-structured interviews and researcher observation, as well as additional documentation in various forms was collected. Interviews were transcribed and evaluated in conjunction with additional data collected during meetings and triangulated using researcher observation. Data interpretation and codification thereof was done using ATLAS.ti 8 by which, twenty-five themes emerged from this study. Supply chain risks comprise value streams; information and affiliations; supply chain activities; and external situations. Among these, information and relationships risks were found to produce selfupgrading risk loops, thereby generating consequent risk impacts after disturbances. To mitigate these risks, the case firm must engage in local and international supply chain implemented strategies, such as building a stable supply chain network, leveraging supply chain information, leveraging outsourcing contracts and developing supply-chain risk collaboration partnerships, although the level of implementation depends on the business context. Among the ten identified themes, building a stable supply chain and developing supply chain collaboration strategies can be useful in strengthening both robustness and resilience in supply chain risk management. Customer orientation had positive impacts on all themes, but disruption orientation and quality orientation influenced only certain types of strategies. The study makes ten recommendations, which can be implemented by the case firm; the results of the interviews are evidence that all the tools are available. The thesis concludes with a summary of overall findings and areas for further research are also highlighted.
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Gerson, R. "The environmental effects of air pollution from the energy sector in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18220.

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The literature and data describing the environmental effects of air pollution in South Africa were examined, with a focus on the effects that are produced by the use of energy. This examination consisted of three parts: The emissions resulting from the use of the different fuels were calculated, with a complete sectorial and regional breakdown for pollution sources. A review of the data obtained from pollution monitoring programmes conducted in South Africa was completed. It was found that while monitoring is conducted in various regions and urban districts, there are areas with recognised pollution problems, such as townships, where little or no monitoring has been conducted. Often the resulfs of monitoring programmes were not published, or only available in unprocessed form. The literature describing environmental effects related to air pollution was reviewed. The number of studies pertaining to South African environments was found to be limited and tended to focus on certain areas, while neglecting others. Areas requiring further study and research were identified.
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Eno, Venessa Asik Awo. "Private sector participation in renewable energy: a survey of listed companies in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1015636.

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Although renewable energy technology has received much attention over recent years the depletion of known fossil fuel reserves and the volatility of international fuel prices require that society looks beyond the current coal-dominated electricity generation methods. Investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency is important to reduce the negative economic, social and environmental impacts of energy production and consumption in South Africa. Currently, renewable energy contributes relatively little to primary energy and even less to the consumption of commercial energy. The challenge of transforming entire economies is enormous, especially if a country is as fossil-fuel-based and emission-intensive as South Africa. However, as it is already facing climate change impacts in an increasingly carbon constrained world; South Africa must drastically reduce its greenhouse gas emission intensity soon. The South African electricity sector is a vital part of the economy and at the same time contributes most to the emission problem. Transforming this sector is therefore urgently needed. First steps have been taken to enhance energy efficiency and promote renewable energy, but they have failed to have any large-scale effects. The two major barriers to investments in renewable energy technologies are based in the South African energy innovation system and its inherent power structures and in the economics of renewable energy technologies. Subsequently the private sector will have to play a significant role in closing the human resources gap by providing funds and expertise. Furthermore, the creation of employment opportunities and actively promoting structural change in the economy are seen, especially in industrialized countries, as goals that support the promotion of renewable energy. Moreover, with more support and assistance from the government and partnership with the private sector will be of immense help to achieve renewable energy goals.
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Ettmayr, Christopher. "Local content requirements and the impact on the South African renewable energy sector." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6149.

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Economies aim to expand over time, which always implies the need for increased energy availability in support of this growth. Governments can use their procurement of energy generation to further enhance the benefit to their economies via certain policy tools. One such tool is Local Content Requirements (LCR) where procurement of a good dictates that a certain value has to be sourced locally. The argument for this tool is that spend is localised and manufacturing, as well as job creation, can be stimulated due to industry establishing in the host economy. However, this practice is distortionary in effect and it does not create a fair playing field for global trade. Furthermore, if the local content definition is weak, or open to manipulation, the goals of such a policy may not be achieved at all. This study looked into the local content requirements of South Africa’s Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP) and measured the impact of this policy on the renewable energy sector in general. It was found that, in order to implement a policy such as local content, the host economy had to have certain pre-existing conditions in order to avoid any negative welfare effects. Due to SA not holding all supportive pre-conditions for supporting local content policy, the impact and effect of LCRs has not been optimal and it has not been found to be a sustainable mechanism to continue using into the future indefinitely. The pricing of renewable energy was also found to be higher due to local content and such pricing is passed on to the energy consumer. Therefore, the net welfare impact created for South Africa is diminished in exchange for the creation of jobs and manufacturing, but due to the unsustainability and potential manipulation of the system the country is not maximising the welfare potential from the REIPPPP as it should. It was found that SA renewable energy resources do exist and the logistics infrastructure is strong, providing good potential for investment into renewable energy projects. The demand created by the REIPPPP provided a good market, but there was uncertainty in the long term planning and stability. So, from a market perspective this could be further enhanced. Government had created a sufficient platform for investment, but areas of development such as clusters, R&D and skills training would create a better support environment for LCR policy and strict monitoring of this would also be required to prevent any manipulation. The use of LCRs increases project costs and risk, which is passed onto the energy consumers, but this could be reduced if local goods were more readily available at the right price and at the right quality and quantity. Focus on clusters would once again assist in this regard as independent power producers (IPPs) and engineering procurement and construction (EPC) entities would be able to source components and goods locally in a more cost-effective manner. As the LCRs currently stand in the REIPPPP, it would seem that South Africa is making renewable energy more expensive and although it is argued that this is done for the benefit of creating a new industry and jobs, these are not sustainable and so the current LCR policy will only create short term benefits.
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Ekman, Elise, Emelie Pilestål, and Louise Hemvik. "Social Enterprises: How to succeed in the renewable energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43895.

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In 2015, the United Nations developed 17 goals to work towards sustainable development by 2030. Among these goals, goal number seven focuses on providing clean and affordable energy for all, to solve problems such as poverty and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions around the world. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 600 million people live without access to electricity. Furthermore, millions of people in Sub-Sharan Africa die each year because of indoor air pollution that comes from combustible and inefficient energy solutions. Because of these issues, social enterprises are a vital component to be able to work towards providing renewable energy solutions and efficient cooking solutions to households in Sub-Saharan Africa. This thesis analyses social enterprises working within the renewable energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa, and investigates what a social enterprise must do to succeed. To answer this question, the authors carried out interviews to identify the factors that contribute to success and barriers that prevent the success of social enterprises active within the mentioned sector and region. The answers from the interviews were later on compared with findings from existing literature discussed in a literature review. Social enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa that works within the renewable energy sector must work together with local employees to access knowledge about external factors that could engender barriers. Other barriers that a social enterprise might encounter are linked to profitability and affordability, and what the business is primarily focusing on achieving.    Social networks and financial institutions are of importance for social enterprises to succeed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, by providing excellent customer service together with having the right abilities and knowledge, a social enterprise will have a higher chance of success. One of the most critical variables when aiming for success in the renewable energy sector in Sub-Saharan Africa is to have a well thought out business model before entering a new target market. This thesis concludes that the identified success factors and barriers, along with the explanation behind them, can be used as guidelines for future social enterprises that want to establish in the renewable energy sector in Sub-Sharan Africa.
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Books on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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Iwayemi, Akin. Energy sector development in Africa. African Development Bank Group, 1998.

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John, Foster. Energy supply issues and strategies for the modern sector in Africa. Economic Development Institute of The World Bank, 1988.

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John, Foster. Energy supply issues and strategies for the modern sector in Africa. Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, 1988.

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Dialogue, Institute for Global, ed. Energy for the future: Select issues facing the energy sector in southern Africa. Institute for Global Dialogue, 2001.

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Engberg-Pedersen, Poul. World bank management of structural crises in Africa: The energy sector. Centre for Development Research, 1986.

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Nalule, Victoria R., ed. Energy Transitions and the Future of the African Energy Sector. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56849-8.

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The energy sector in SADCC countries: Policies, priorities, and options in the context of the African crisis. Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1985.

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United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa. Public-private partnerships in Africa's energy sector: Challenges, best practices, and emerging trends. United Nations, Economic Commission for Africa, 2011.

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Wolde-Ghiorgis, Woldemariam. The potential contribution of renewables in Ethiopia's energy sector: An analysis of geothermal and cogeneration technologies : renewables in Eastern and Horn of Africa : status and prospects. AFREPREN/FWD, 2004.

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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan, ed. Energy Footprints of the Energy Sector. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2457-4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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van Wijk, Ad, and Frank Wouters. "Hydrogen–The Bridge Between Africa and Europe." In Shaping an Inclusive Energy Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74586-8_5.

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AbstractThis chapter describes a European energy system based on 50% renewable electricity and 50% green hydrogen, which can be achieved by 2050. The green hydrogen shall consist of hydrogen produced in Europe, complemented by hydrogen imports, especially from North Africa. Hydrogen import from North Africa will be beneficial for both Europe and North Africa. A bold energy sector strategy with an important infrastructure component is suggested, which differs from more traditional bottom-up sectoral strategies. This approach guarantees optimized use of (existing) infrastructure, has low risk and cost, improves Europe’s energy security and supports European technology leadership. In North Africa it would foster economic development, boost export, create future-oriented jobs in a high-tech sector and support social stability.
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Kidunduhu, Noreen. "Energy Transition in Africa: Context, Barriers and Strategies." In Energy Transitions and the Future of the African Energy Sector. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56849-8_3.

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Pollet, Bruno G., Iain Staffell, and Kerry-Ann Adamson. "Structure of the Energy Sector in South Africa." In The Energy Landscape in the Republic of South Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25510-1_5.

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Nalule, Victoria R. "Extractives and Beyond: Managing the Energy Transition in Africa." In Energy Transitions and the Future of the African Energy Sector. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56849-8_16.

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Kariuki, Japhet Miano. "Steadfast for East Africa: Powering Energy Dreams Through Regional Cooperation." In Energy Transitions and the Future of the African Energy Sector. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56849-8_15.

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Michoud, Bruno, and Manfred Hafner. "Public Policies and Initiatives in the Energy Sector." In Financing Clean Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75829-5_4.

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AbstractThis chapter focuses on the public sector and the tools at its disposal to decrease the risk perception in the clean energy sector in sub-Saharan Africa, encompassing policies, regulations and specific initiatives. It particularly targets policy-makers across the region, as well as development institutions supporting government agencies.
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Emodi, Nnaemeka Vincent. "The Energy Sector in Nigeria." In Frontiers in African Business Research. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0974-7_2.

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Michoud, Bruno, and Manfred Hafner. "Direct and Indirect Investments in the Energy Sector." In Financing Clean Energy Access in Sub-Saharan Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75829-5_5.

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AbstractThis chapter focuses on financial investments, coming either from public or private asset managers and institutions. It has two main targeted readers (without any exclusion): (i) public and private capital providers, with the objective of presenting traditional and alternative financial instruments and schemes capable to align risk-return profiles of several investment opportunities in the clean energy sector, (ii) project developers, in order to increase awareness of the financial mechanisms available in the market.
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Muhongo, Rukonge S. "Local Content Policies in the Energy Transition Era in Africa: A Case Study of the East African Oil and Gas Industry." In Energy Transitions and the Future of the African Energy Sector. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56849-8_10.

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Diouf, Maïmouna, Nthabiseng Mohlakoana, Secou Sarr, and Bacary Seydi. "Energy Transition and Gender in the Informal Street Food Sector in Africa." In Engendering the Energy Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43513-4_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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Gboney, William Kwasi, John Cubbin, and Xeni Dassiou. "Empirical Assessment of the Impact of Power Sector Reforms in Africa: A Study of the Generation, Transmission and Distribution Sectors." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54169.

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This paper is based on a research study which was carried out, to empirically assess the impact of power sector reforms, comprising privatization, competition and regulatory reforms in 29 African countries, for the period 1988–2005. The list of countries in the research sample is shown in Appendix 1. The main findings for the generation sector is that, in Africa, though energy sector regulation backed by sector law can bring about favorable outcomes, better results are likely to be achieved if the regulatory agency has been in existence for at least 3 years, and it co-exists with either competition ‘for’ the market or private sector participation. On private sector participation, the presence of Independent Power Producers, management contracts and private shareholding in generation assets, can enhance generation sector performance. The results on the transmission system seem to indicate that though the establishment of a regulatory agency can reduce transmission system loss level, this outcome is likely to be achieved if the regulatory agency has been existence for at least 3 years. On distribution system loss, it emerged that the sole existence of a regulatory agency may not be enough to influence a downward trend in distribution system loss level, unless the market, permits the co-existence of competition ‘for’ the market, with a regulatory agency.
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Adaji, J. J., R. U. Onolemhemhen, S. O. Isehunwa, and A. Adenikinju. "Forecasting the Domestic Utilization of Natural Gas in Nigeria (2015-2020)." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2560895-ms.

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ABSTRACT Domestic utilization of natural gas in Nigeria is being hampered by the poor developments in the natural gas sector over the years, with low level of electricity (generation) consumption per capital, weak legal, commercial and regulatory framework amidst poor infrastructural developments in natural gas as compared to that which exists for oil. Nigeria ranks the second in gas flaring and shows low volumes of domestic gas utilization, consuming only about 11% out of the 8.25 billion cubic feet produced per day in 2014 despite its natural gas resource endowment. This paper examines the determinants of domestic utilization of natural gas in Nigeria from 1990-2013. It investigates its relationship as a function of price of natural gas, price of alternative fuels, foreign direct investment, volumes of gas flared, electricity generated from natural gas sources and per capital real GDP. Going further, it forecasts its likely growth rate for a short-term period, using an econometric methodology of ordinary least squares and an ARIMA model, it estimates the relationship between the variables and uses the historical trend to forecast into the future. The result of the study showed that the determinants jointly explain the pattern of domestic gas utilization in Nigeria by 98%. Individually, per capital real GDP, electricity generated from natural gas sources and changes in the volume of domestic utilization of natural gas was found to have a positive and significant effect on domestic gas utilization. Further, the forecast values show evidence of a slow but gradual increase in utilization pattern in the near future from 2015-2020. A best-case scenario of an increase of 0.15% and a worst-case scenario of a decrease of 0.14% was presented. In conclusion, having identified significant influences on domestic gas utilization patterns in Nigeria it is imperative that the government uses economic instrument to enhance the utilization patterns in Nigeria by improving economic activities and developing the power sector which shows significant influence in domestic natural gas utilization patterns.
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Li, Huimin. "Africa Petroleum Fiscal Evolvement and Impacts on Foreign Investment: Illustrations from Nigeria." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2567973-ms.

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ABSTRACT With plenty of latest discoveries witnessed from East Africa, the petroleum atlas reshaping is expected where some new faces (e.g. Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania, etc.) may play emergent roles besides traditional oil countries in Africa. Due to general lack of infrastructure construction and capital investment, it still need some time for large-scale commercial production and the involvement of international oil companies is indispensable in the process. Dramatic price drop has tremendously stricken both governments and international oil companies (IOC) in oil-producing countries since 2014. The effectiveness in which governments and IOCs adjust to this reality will determine the extent and the pace of future development of these countries’ oil sectors. Most IOCs were struggling to cut capital expenditure and control operating cost to survive, and how to maintain and attract investment is regarded as huge challenges by many governments in the downward scenario. Apart from resource factors, petroleum fiscal terms are one of the key factors in the investment decision for IOCs. The attractiveness of fiscal contracts has a fundamental effect on profitability of petroleum projects, and thus an important indicator for evaluating investment feasibility in the country. The paper gives an overview on fiscal transformation in most Africa oil countries, some of them were trying to increase government share in oil profits to support social expenditures, and others have provided fiscal incentives to absorb further investment in the oil sector. It shows that fiscal policies in the countries where national economy relies more on oil revenues are less stable during the past decade. Some upstream projects in Nigeria are illustrated to show the impacts of different contract terms on economic benefits. Thus with new government's coming into power, most IOCs are holding back further investment and expecting negotiation with the authorities for confirmation on fiscal terms applied in their assets to avoid potential contractual risks, like PIB, Side letter, etc. The implications regarding petroleum regime are summarized based on the experience from Nigeria for emerging countries in East Africa, relatively stable fiscal policy with some incentives to encourage exploration activities would be helpful to petroleum industry. Lastly, investment suggestions are presented with priorities to promote business development in the area.
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van der Sandt, P. H. "Saving energy through education & awareness in the Hospitality Sector." In 2012 Southern African Energy Effciency Convention (SAEEC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/saeec.2012.6408586.

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Toluse, Williams, Victor Okolo, and Amarquaye Martey. "Production Optimization in a Marginal Field through Established Reservoir Management Techniques – A Case Study." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2568647-ms.

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ABSTRACT The Federal Government of Nigeria in a bid to promote indigenous companies participation in the oil and gas sector, and to grow the nation&amp;rsquo;s production capacity passed legislation in 1999 to foster the exploitation of Marginal Oil Fields (MOFs). MOF is one that is considered non &amp;ndash; commercial as a result of strategic business development philosophy of the operator, often times large oil companies. Reservoir management is central to the effective exploitation of any hydrocarbon asset; this dependence is heightened for an undeveloped marginal field. There is no &amp;lsquo;one-size fits all&amp;rsquo; approach to reservoir management; this paper reviews some techniques adopted by Midwestern Oil and Gas Ltd in the development of the Umusadege marginal field. These techniques fall under three categories: (I) subsurface study (II) well placement and spacing, (III) integrated surface production and optimization, in accordance with regulatory practices. The previously acquired 3-D seismic data was reprocessed and interpretation of reservoir heterogeneities within the Umusadege field concessionary boundary carried out form the basis of the initial field development plan. To optimize reservoir drainage, the general principles of non-interference well spacing were employed, and advanced well placement technology was deployed to guarantee optimum well placement within the reservoir for effective and efficient drainage. Subsequently, 14 vertical wells and 4 horizontal wells were drilled to effectively optimize recovery from the field. Prior to bringing these wells on-stream, clean-up and Maximum Efficiency Rate (MER) tests were conducted to determine the optimum choke settings, GOR and water cut limits for all wells. An integrated approach encompassing choke sizing, gas and water production management, vessel and line sizing were implemented on the Umusadege field to maintain and optimize recovery. Crude custody transfer measurements and export were enabled by an optimized Group Gathering Facility (GGF).The above techniques combining new technologies, traditional reservoir and production strategies led to the successful development of the Umusadege field; increasing daily oil production from 2,000 bbls/d from the first well re-entry to approximately 30,000 bbls/day over a 7-year period. This case study proves that with the correct implementation of the key elements of reservoir management the value of any hydrocarbon asset can be maximized in a cost effective, safe and environmentally friendly manner.
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Abeinomugisha, Dozith, Irene Batebe, and Benjamin Ariho. "What Will it Take to Commercialize Petroleum Resources in the East Africa Region; The Case of Developing Oil Refinery in Uganda." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2580334-ms.

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ABSTRACT Energy is one of the key drivers of economic growth and development world over. Overcoming energy poverty is one of world's great challenges. All the countries in the East African Region (EAR) are not producing sufficient energy to meet their current needs. The energy mix in the EAR currently includes hydroelectric power, geothermal energy, solar, biomass and fossil fuels. The region's petroleum products consumption, the entire volume of which is currently imported, is estimated at 180,000 bbl/day and is growing at between 4 – 6% p.a. It is projected that the region will consume about 400,000bbl/day by 2030. The discovery of commercially viable oil and gas deposits in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Democratic Republic of Congo however, marks a great opportunity to turn around the rather bleak state of the energy sector in the region. These resources however remain largely untapped due to lack of the necessary infrastructure such as road networks, upstream facilities, refinery, pipelines, and gas processing facilities, that are necessary to access, store, process and transport these resources. A number of countries in the EAR are planning for the development of such key infrastructure to enable the commercialization of the discovered these resources. The EAR needs to harmonise the planning and development of petroleum infrastructure in order to leverage the power of collaborative action to attract investment and ensure optimal development of this infrastructure. A case in point is Uganda which plans to commercialise its discovered oil and gas resources, estimated at 6.5 billion barrels as of 2016, through the development of an oil refinery, a crude oil export pipeline and power generation. These projects are being developed with joint participation of the East African Community (EAC) Partner States. Uganda estimates to spend over USD 10 billion on oil and gas infrastructure in the next five years. The region needs to provide a conducive investment environment in order to attract financing for these projects. This can be achieved through providing incentives such as attractive taxation regimes, streamlined decision making and security, among others, given the high CAPEX investments. Given that background, this paper will; Assess the current status of the oil and gas infrastructure in the region vis a vis the growing energy needsDiscuss the optimal infrastructure requirements for the successful development of the oil and gas industry in order to meet the region's growing energy needs.Highlight the investment requirements, incentives, challenges and financing options for the planned refinery in Uganda.
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Tangwe, S., M. Simon, and E. Meyer. "Empirical model to determine electricity demand reduction in the South Africa residential sector by retrofitting geysers with air source heat pump." In 2014 International Conference on the Domestic Use of Energy (DUE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/due.2014.6827777.

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Ziuku, S., and E. L. Meyer. "Dynamic coupling of energy efficiency and building integrated photovoltaics in the residential sector." In 2011 Southern African Energy Effciency Convention (SAEEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/saeec.2011.6119254.

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Vu, Hung, Son Tran, Trang Nguyen, Bharathwaj Kannan, Khoa Tran, and Thong Nguyen. "Well Design and Successful Field Installation of Openhole Sand Control Completions with Acid Stimulation in a Highly Deviated Well in Vietnam." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2554270-ms.

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ABSTRACT Application of openhole sand control technology is becoming mandatory in the field, particularly with the given uncertainty in geomechanics, challenges to wellbore integrity while drilling, and sand production during the life of the well. The completion equipment readiness and success of the installation can be challenging in the event of extending the horizontal section to accommodate geological heterogeneity and maximizing well productivity. This paper discusses operational excellence recorded in Well A, in the Thang Long Field, offshore Vietnam, from well design perspectives ensuring maximum reservoir contact to outcome of well completion. The well was targeted in the Oligocene reservoir, a thin oil rim with large gas cap overlay, and required drilling and completion for 1126 m horizontal length of 8 1/2-in. open hole. The completion design included multiple swellable packers for isolation of unwanted zones, 6 5/8-in. basepipe sand screens for the production zones, and a fluid loss control device to help prevent undesirable losses. Several torque and drag simulations were performed to help predict potential threats that could be encountered during completion string deployment or during space out of the inner wash pipe string. One apparent challenge of this completion design was to deploy the lower completion string to total depth (TD) per stringent reservoir requirements, resulting in an approximate 1126 m length of the string in the horizontal section. Another task was to facilitate manipulating 1130 m of wash pipe inside the completion string to locate the seal assemblies accurately at the corresponding seal bore extension positions for effective acidizing treatment. Although these were long sections of completion string and wash pipe, the quality of acidizing stimulation to effectively remove mud cake should not be compromised to ensure positive production rates. During operations, the completion string was run to target depth without any issue, and the wash pipe was spaced out and manipulated correctly. These operations subsequently led to a successful acidizing treatment and the proper closure of the flapper type fluid loss device. The completion design and operation were concluded successfully, significantly contributing to field production performance to date. The novelty of the completion design and installation is the ability to deploy an 1126-m lower completion in long, highly deviated and horizontal openhole section coupled with acid stimulation in reasonable time and as per plan.
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Isehunwa, Oloruntoba, Joy Eze, Ademola Ogunrinde, and Allen Aka Boms. "A Case Study of the Successful Deployment of Tractor Conveyed Perforation in Highly Inclined Well." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2573101-ms.

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ABSTRACT Well A is one of the only two wells on the XY reservoir structure providing the optimum drainage point on that reservoir. However, Well X had been shut in due to high sand production and had been flagged as ‘non-integral’ with regards to SPDC Well Integrity Management (WIM) policy due to its faulty Tubing Retrievable Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve (TRSCSSSV). The well was thus scheduled for repairs. The objective of the workover operation as with most others done in SPDC was to restore integrity of the well, remediate sand control and improve production across the XY reservoir. On re-entry into the well, a mechanical restriction was met in the high angle section of the well thus impeding access to drain hole. A review of the situation, showed a possible collapse of the lower completions (sand screen) possibly due to high sand production. An attempt at sand clean-up was futile. This paper describes the unconventional but successful deployment of wireline conveyed perforation gun on tractor in SPDC to perforate this highly deviated well, thus, providing drainage access and recovering 2.14 MMstb of oil and 0.79 BScf of associated gas. Amongst several options including the use of coiled tubing or wireline as means of perforation, the tractor conveyed guns stood out for a highly inclined well such as Well A. The Well Tractor functions with an electric over hydraulic power relationship and uses its wheel section to push the passenger tool downhole as cable is fed off the electric line unit. The make-up of the tractor conveyed system makes it suitable for high angle wells while providing a cost savings over other systems.
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Reports on the topic "Energy sector in Africa"

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Yusgiantoro, Filda C., I. Dewa Made Raditya Margenta, Haryanto Haryanto, and Felicia Grace Utomo. Carbon Tax Implementation in the Energy Sector: A Comparative Study in G20 and ASEAN Member States (AMS). Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.003.

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1. This report shows that six G20 countries (Japan, South Africa, Argentina, France, Ireland, and Mexico) and one ASEAN Member States (Singapore) have implemented a carbon tax. 2. The energy sector is the primary GHG emissions contributor in most member states, except Indonesia. However, the energy sector in Indonesia will highly contribute to the national GHG emissions considering the rise of energy demand due to economic and population growth. 3. The effectiveness of carbon tax is specific to which sectors are taxed and which sectors are exempt to a country member. Specifically, a higher emissions price may not cover a large share of emissions in the country. The high carbon tax in France only covers 35% of total emissions in its jurisdiction. Meanwhile, Japan and Singapore’s low carbon tax covers 75% and 80% of total emissions in their jurisdiction, respectively. 4. The numbers of sectoral coverage by emissions price will impact the level of revenues generated from the carbon tax. France obtained the most significant carbon tax revenue for more than USD 9.6 billion. Meanwhile, Argentina generated less than USD 1 million, likely due to tax exemptions in natural gas commodities. 5. The contribution level of carbon tax revenue to the government’s total revenue varies for each country. France and Ireland’s carbon tax revenue contributes 0.71% and 0.53% of their total government revenue, respectively. Meanwhile, the rest of the countries’ carbon tax revenue contributed less than 0.3% each to their government revenue.
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Cachalia, Firoz, and Jonathan Klaaren. Digitalisation, the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’ and the Constitutional Law of Privacy in South Africa: Towards a public law perspective on constitutional privacy in the era of digitalisation. Digital Pathways at Oxford, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2021/04.

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In this working paper, our focus is on the constitutional debates and case law regarding the right to privacy, adopting a method that is largely theoretical. In an accompanying separate working paper, A South African Public Law Perspective on Digitalisation in the Health Sector, we employ the analysis developed here and focus on the specific case of digital technologies in the health sector. The topic and task of these papers lie at the confluence of many areas of contemporary society. To demonstrate and apply the argument of this paper, it would be possible and valuable to extend its analysis into any of numerous spheres of social life, from energy to education to policing to child care. In our accompanying separate paper, we focus on only one policy domain – the health sector. Our aim is to demonstrate our argument about the significance of a public law perspective on the constitutional right to privacy in the age of digitalisation, and attend to several issues raised by digitalisation’s impact in the health sector. For the most part, we focus on technologies that have health benefits and privacy costs, but we also recognise that certain technologies have health costs and privacy benefits. We also briefly outline the recent establishment (and subsequent events) in South Africa of a contact tracing database responding to the COVID-19 pandemic – the COVID-19 Tracing Database – a development at the interface of the law enforcement and health sectors. Our main point in this accompanying paper is to demonstrate the value that a constitutional right to privacy can bring to the regulation of digital technologies in a variety of legal frameworks and technological settings – from public to private, and from the law of the constitution to the ‘law’ of computer coding.
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Lacambra, Carmen, Dominic Molloy, Juan Lacambra, et al. Factsheet Resilience Solutions for the Road Sector in South Africa. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002409.

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Lacambra, Carmen, Dominic Molloy, Juan Lacambra, et al. Factsheet Resilience Solutions for the Wine Sector in South Africa. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002414.

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Lacambra, Carmen, Dominic Molloy, Juan Lacambra, et al. Factsheet Resilience Solutions for the Maize Sector in South Africa. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002419.

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Arent, D., R. Benioff, G. Mosey, et al. Energy Sector Market Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894099.

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Tchuenche, Michel, and Steven Forsythe. Private sector costing of voluntary medical male circumcision in South Africa. Population Council, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv6.1024.

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Author, Not Given. Sector Collaborative on Energy Efficiency. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1219677.

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Foyet, Metolo Foyet. Youth Leadership in the Public Service Sector in Africa: Opportunities for Engagement? West Africa Civil Society Institute (WACSI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.38373.

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Wu, Grace C., Ranjit Deshmukh, Kudakwashe Ndhlukula, Tijana Radojicic, and Jessica Reilly. Renewable Energy Zones for the Africa Clean Energy Corridor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328753.

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