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1

ElShazly, Mona. "Energy Subsidy Reform in Libya." Selected Issues Papers 2025, no. 094 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229017121.018.

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Energy subsidies have become a significant burden on government finances in Libya. The pervasive nature of subsidies has led to rampant corruption, smuggling, and a diversion of resources from essential public services. The paper identifies key barriers to reform, including opposition from vested interest groups and public apprehension regarding inflation and welfare loss. To address these challenges, a strategic reform plan is proposed, emphasizing a phased approach, a comprehensive communication plan and social protection measures to mitigate the adverse effects of subsidy removal. By taking
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Ahmadi Murjani. "Energy Subsidy and Price Dynamics In Indonesia." International Journal of Business and Society 23, no. 3 (2022): 1342–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.5167.2022.

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The downward trend of the world oil prices in recent years has put profound consideration among countries to reform the energy subsidy policies. Examination of the inflationary impact of the reform has become essential due to possible welfare consequences. This study aims to reveal the impact of energy subsidy on the prices in Indonesia by utilizing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method to capture short-run dynamics and long-run cointegration between dependent and independent variables in the period 1980-2017. The finding of this research indicated that the impact of the energy subs
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Wang, Xiaolei, and Boqiang Lin. "Electricity subsidy reform in China." Energy & Environment 28, no. 3 (2016): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x16681681.

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China’s rapid economic growth significantly drives the country’s electricity demand. Electricity tariff in China is regulated by the government and is generally priced at a low level, leading to substantial electricity subsidy. With increasing coal price in recent years, the Chinese government’s low electricity tariff policy has led to huge financial losses for power companies, which directly results in electricity shortage. Therefore, the reform of electricity subsidy is the most important aspect of energy price reform in China. The reform is very difficult, as it is closely associated with p
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Shehabi, Manal. "Is Energy Subsidy Reform in an Oil-Exporting Small Economy Beneficial to Trade? Illustrations from Kuwait." World Trade Review 19, S1 (2020): s39—s61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745620000324.

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AbstractThis article fills a gap in the literature by quantifying impacts of fossil fuel subsidy reform on trade (inflow and outflow) in an oil-producing, “almost small”, economy, using Kuwait as an example. It employs a two-region economy-wide model with oligopoly behaviour in a general equilibrium framework. The model embodies unique elements of Kuwait's economic structure, idiosyncratic rigidities, and distortions, including oligopolistic industrial structure and labour markets. Simulations show that energy subsidies have minimal effects on trade and on non-energy exports, largely due to th
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Acharya, Rajesh H., and Anver C. Sadath. "Implications of energy subsidy reform in India." Energy Policy 102 (March 2017): 453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.036.

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Hartono, Djoni, Ahmad Komarulzaman, Tony Irawan, and Anda Nugroho. "Phasing out Energy Subsidies to Improve Energy Mix: A Dead End." Energies 13, no. 9 (2020): 2281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092281.

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A major energy transformation is required to prolong the rise in global temperature below 2 °C. The Indonesian government (GoI) has set a strategy to gradually remove fuel subsidies to meet its 2050 ambitious energy targets. Using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, the present study aimed to determine whether or not the current energy subsidy reforms would meet the targets of both energy mix and energy intensity. It also incorporated the environmental aspect while developing a source of a detailed database in the energy sector. The energy subsidy reform policy (fol
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Ekong, Christopher N., and Usenobong F. Akpan. "On Energy Subsidy Reform and Sustainable Development in Nigeria." International Journal of Management and Sustainability 3, no. 4 (2014): 186–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.11/2014.3.4/11.4.186.202.

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Reforming fossil fuel subsidy in Nigeria offers greater opportunities in putting the country on a sustainable path of development. However, removing or reducing fuel subsidy is one knotty issue that has generated severe challenges to government over the decades. Several attempts at this direction have often met stiff opposition from entrenched interest groups. Among other things, a successful reform would require a strong political will to trade off the concentrated benefits of vested interests groups against greater benefits to the society. Achieving this end may not be an easy exercise and a
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Moerenhout, Tom S. H. "Energy Pricing Policies and the International Trade Regime." Journal of International Economic Law 23, no. 1 (2019): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz026.

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ABSTRACT Energy subsidy and pricing reform is widely heralded as a necessity to transition to sustainable development and keep global warming below 2°C. Energy pricing policies and subsidies are also at the heart of the energy–trade–climate nexus, but progress has been slow within the international trade regime. This is unlike other international organizations or networks, where progress has been more substantial. This article investigates the lack of legitimacy to regulate or coordinate pricing reform and links it to fundamentally divergent interests between fuel producers and importers. The
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Groot, Loek, and Thijs Oostveen. "Welfare effects of energy subsidy reform in developing countries." Review of Development Economics 23, no. 4 (2019): 1926–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12619.

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RUDDY, KAHARUDIN GOBEL, SHERGI LAKSMONO BAMBANG, HUSEINI MARTANI, and SISCAWATI MIA. "WHY DOES ENERGY SUBSIDY REFORM REALLY MATTER? THE CASE OF LPG AND ELECTRICITY SUBSIDIES IN INDONESIA." Seybold Report Journal 18, no. 08 (2023): 1493–507. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8314972.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The purpose of energy subsidies is to alleviate the financial burden on expenditures for poor and vulnerable communities, and the government invests significantly in these subsidies. However, these subsidies have resulted in unintended consequences. A majority of the subsidies are actually being enjoyed more by wealthier segments of society. Through a descriptive analysis approach, utilizing various published and unpublished documents and analyzing micro-statistical data sourced from the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), the research concludes that the current ho
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Gobel, Ruddy Kaharudin, Bambang Shergi Laksmono, Martani Huseini, and Mia Siscawati. "Equity and Efficiency: An Examination of Indonesia’s Energy Subsidy Policy and Pathways to Inclusive Reform." Sustainability 16, no. 1 (2024): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16010407.

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The Indonesian Government’s substantial investment in energy subsidies, designed to assist poor and vulnerable households, ironically favors the wealthy and exacerbates inequality. This study delves into household-based energy subsidy policies in Indonesia, focusing on their effects on gender and social inclusiveness. By combining qualitative document analysis with micro-level data analysis—typically reserved for social protection programs—and national socioeconomic data, this study reveals significant access gaps to energy subsidies. The findings indicate that the existing policy benefits aff
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Zarepour, Zahra, and Natascha Wagner. "Cash instead of subsidy: Assessing the impact of the iranian energy subsidy reform on households." Energy Policy 168 (September 2022): 113145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113145.

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Lin, Boqiang, and Zhujun Jiang. "Estimates of energy subsidies in China and impact of energy subsidy reform." Energy Economics 33, no. 2 (2011): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2010.07.005.

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Coxhead, Ian, and Corbett Grainger. "Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform in the Developing World: Who Wins, Who Loses, and Why?" Asian Development Review 35, no. 2 (2018): 180–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00119.

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Fossil fuel subsidies are widespread in developing countries, where reform efforts are often derailed by disputes over the likely distribution of gains and losses. The impacts of subsidy reform are transmitted to households through changes in energy prices and prices of other goods and services, as well as through factor earnings. Most empirical studies focus on consumer expenditures alone, and computable general equilibrium analyses typically report only total effects without decomposing them by source. Meanwhile, analytical models neglect important open-economy characteristics relevant to de
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Murjani, Ahmadi. "ASSESSING THE ENERGY SUBSIDY REFORM IN INDONESIA THROUGH DIFFERENT SCENARIOS." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 10, no. 4 (2020): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.9223.

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Chepeliev, Maksym, and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe. "Global fossil-fuel subsidy reform and Paris Agreement." Energy Economics 85 (January 2020): 104598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104598.

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Song, Dongdong, Boya Jia, and Hongtao Jiao. "Review of Renewable Energy Subsidy System in China." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197429.

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In the context of the ‘carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals’, renewable energy, with its clean and low-carbon characteristics, has become one of the key driving forces for sustainable development in China. However, the inherent disadvantages of the renewable energy industry, such as high initial investment costs, technical difficulties, and slow returns on investment, make it difficult to compete with traditional fossil energy sources in the market economy at the initial stage of its establishment. Therefore, after considering the environmental and ecological value, economic value, and i
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18

Roos, Elizabeth L., and Philip D. Adams. "The Economy-Wide Impact of Subsidy Reform: A CGE Analysis." World Trade Review 19, S1 (2020): s18—s38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745620000257.

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AbstractOil prices fell from around $US110 per barrel in 2014 to less than $US50per barrel at the start of 2017. This put enormous pressure on government budgets within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. The focus of GCC economic policies quickly shifted to fiscal reform, including the removal of domestic subsidies on energy products. In this paper, we use a dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to investigate the economic impact of the gradual removal of subsidies on refined petroleum and electricity, with specific reference to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).Our study
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19

Hua, Yuan-Yuan, Ji-Eun Park, and Xiao-Hui Li. "Green Industrial Policy Conflict with WTO Rules and Implications for Emerging Economics: From the Perspective of New Energy Vehicles (NEVs)." Korea International Trade Research Institute 19, no. 3 (2023): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.16980/jitc.19.3.202306.81.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the green contradiction between China’s NEVs subsidy policies and WTO rules. It proposes resolutions for China and South Korea from the perspective of GATT Article 20 and the US New Climate Bill. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on the investigation of NEVs in the market, this paper finds that relevant effective subsidy measures can promote China’s NEVs development. Moreover, through case study and literature, this paper also analyzes the compliance of China’s NEVs subsidy measures under the SCM Agreement. Finally, it puts forward relevant i
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20

Krane, Jim. "Political enablers of energy subsidy reform in Middle Eastern oil exporters." Nature Energy 3, no. 7 (2018): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0113-4.

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21

Khomutov, I. А. "Reforming energy subsidies for the population of Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2023-8-75-99.

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This paper for the first time estimates the scale of subsidizing the Russian population through low prices for the energy sector products (1.76 trillion rubles, or 1.3% of Russian GDP in 2021). The need to reform the existing subsidy system is justified due to a number of its defects (appropriation of most of the subsidies by the wealthiest population, significant costs of business to maintain low prices for energy products, reduction of incentives for energy saving and transition to green technologies among consumers of the energy sector products). The phenomenon of an implicit “social contra
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22

Odiase-Alegimenlen, O. A. "The Nigerian Oil Industry and the Economic Reform Agenda." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 23, Issue 2 (2014): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2014005.

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Due to the dynamism of human existence, there is always the need for constant change and adaptation. This tendency for change is reflected in the ongoing reform of Nigeria's economic sector. The focus is the withdrawal of government from commercially oriented activities, (so that it can concentrate on governance) and replacement by private operators. This manifests in the oil sector as reform of both the law and policy of the upstream and downstream aspects of the industry, to allow for participation by private indigenous enterprises and reform of the pricing of petroleum prices especially rem
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23

Li, Jing, Lingling Song, and Yanchun Zhu. "Subsidies, Clean Heating Choices, and Policy Costs: Evidence from Rural Households in Northern China." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010169.

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Clean heating renovation is important for optimizing the regional energy structure and improving the quality of the atmospheric environment in Northern China. According to survey data of 1298 rural households in the “coal-to-gas” reform in Hengshui of Hebei Province, in this paper, we construct a clean heating subsidy model which focuses on clean heating choices, the reburning rate, and the subsidy cost. The key parameters affecting farmers’ choice of clean heating, including the lifeline, classification of rural households, and gas price elasticity, are estimated. Furthermore, we simulate cha
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Solaymani, Saeed. "Impacts of energy subsidy reform on poverty and income inequality in Malaysia." Quality & Quantity 50, no. 6 (2015): 2707–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-015-0284-z.

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Solaymani, Saeed, and Fatimah Kari. "Impacts of energy subsidy reform on the Malaysian economy and transportation sector." Energy Policy 70 (July 2014): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.03.035.

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Breisinger, Clemens, Askar Mukashov, Mariam Raouf, and Manfred Wiebelt. "Energy subsidy reform for growth and equity in Egypt: The approach matters." Energy Policy 129 (June 2019): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.02.059.

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Shehabi, Manal. "Diversification effects of energy subsidy reform in oil exporters: Illustrations from Kuwait." Energy Policy 138 (March 2020): 110966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.110966.

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28

ATA, Behnam. "AN OVERVIEW OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN IRAN'S RESIDENTIAL SECTOR: ENERGY TRANSITION AND SUBSIDY POLICIES." Eurasian Research Journal 6, no. 4 (2024): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53277/2519-2442-2024.4-04.

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The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources has become a critical global issue, particularly in response to climate change. This study aims to analyse the trends in energy consumption and CO2 emissions within Iran's household sector. The findings reveal a significant increase in energy consumption in Iran between 2001 and 2019. Despite the household sector's heavy reliance on fossil fuels, a shift in fuel consumption patterns can be observed, with a transition from oil to natural gas starting in 2008. Electricity generation in Iran is also predominantly fossil fuel-based, with
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Panda, Aurobinda, and Atul Patel. "Competition Law and Competition Issues Affecting the Energy Sector in India." Journal of Infrastructure Development 3, no. 2 (2011): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097493061100300201.

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India faces endemic electrical energy and peaking shortages. The power sector is plagued with mounting commercial losses due to various inefficiencies, colossal commercial and technical losses and increasing subsidy burden on the states. These shortages have had a very detrimental effect on the overall economic growth of the country. In order to revitalise the sector and improve the techno-economic performance, the Government of India initiated the reform process in 1991. This article analyses the pre-reform era and identifies the key concerns which led to the initiation of the reforms. It als
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Boudekhdekh, Karim. "A Comparative Analysis of Energy Subsidy in the MENA Region." Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges 2022, no. 2 (2022): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/eitc.2022.02.03.

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This paper focuses on analyzing energy prices subsidies distribution in the MENA region among its seven components, according to the products that benefit from subsidized prices, and by per capita. As a nominal average of the years 2013, 2015, and 2017, both Iran and KSA had the higher nominal pre-tax subsidy averages estimated to $52.11 and $45.54 billion respectively, and also had higher post-tax subsidy averages estimated to $118.55 and $114.81 respectively. Global warming and local air pollution were the most important components after the pre-tax subsidies component in all MENA region cou
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Adelia Gusfira, Hasanatun Fitri, and Ahmad Wahyudi zein. "Dampak Subsidi Energi terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Miskin di Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, Administrasi Publik dan Kebijakan Negara 2, no. 3 (2025): 13–22. https://doi.org/10.62383/komunikasi.v2i3.295.

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Energy subsidy policy has become one of the key strategies of the Indonesian government in its efforts to improve public welfare, particularly for low-income groups. By subsidizing fuel (BBM), 3-kg LPG, and electricity tariffs, the government aims to stabilize energy prices to make them more affordable for the poor. However, the effectiveness of this policy in achieving social welfare goals remains debatable, especially regarding the accuracy of subsidy distribution. This study aims to analyze the impact of energy subsidies on the welfare of poor households in Indonesia using both qualitative
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Wong, Chris Daniel, Nicole Foo, and Farzana Nazera. "Research Report: Impact of Diesel Subsidy in Malaysia 2024." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. V (2025): 5294–302. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.905000407.

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Diesel subsidies have long played a pivotal role in supporting Malaysia’s transportation, logistics, and industrial sectors by reducing fuel costs and stabilizing prices. While these subsidies have historically eased financial burdens on businesses and consumers, they pose significant challenges in terms of economic sustainability and environmental impact. As Malaysia transitions toward a more sustainable and fiscally responsible energy policy, it is critical to understand how businesses perceive the current diesel subsidy framework. This study presents findings from a nationwide survey of Mal
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Delzeit, Ruth, Karin Holm-Müller, and Wolfgang Britz. "Ökonomische Bewertung des Erneuerbare Energien Gesetzes zur Förderung von Biogas." Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik 13, no. 3 (2012): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2516.2012.00388.x.

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AbstractThe Renewable-Energy-Source-Act (EEG) promotes German biogas production in order to substitute fossil fuels, protect the environment and prevent climate change. In this paper we quantitatively analyse the EEG-reform in 2008. Results imply that the reform contributes to an expansion of biogas electricity generation and thus to substitution of fossil fuels. However, subsidies, land and transport emissions per unit of electricity produced increase. An alternative analysis shows that an EEG with tariffs independent from plant-types would provide the highest subsidy-efficiency, lower land r
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Adeforiti, Rotimi, and Sunday Owen Abang. "Analysis of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Removal Policy in Nigeria." Journal of Governance and Public Affairs 1, no. 2 (2024): 86–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/c0eqcc86.

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Elite interest in energy policy reform has often been neglected in analysing subsidy removal policy on fossil fuel in Nigeria, which is the reason for this study. The study explained the reasons for the fossil fuel subsidy removal policy in Nigeria, identified the reasons for protests against fossil fuel subsidy removal policy in the country, and analysed the reasons for acceptance of protested fossil fuel subsidy removal policy in the country. Information for the study was obtained through a systematic review of 13 purposively selected peer-reviewed published journal articles between 1996 and
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Muhammad Makarfi, Ahmad, and Mohammed Sanusi Sadiq. "ADDRESSING THE NAIRA'S FREE-FALL IN THE WAKE OF ENERGY SUBSIDY REMOVAL: A POLICY ROADMAP FOR NIGERIA'S DEMOCRACY." ShodhPrabandhan: Journal of Management Studies 2, no. 1 (2025): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhprabandhan.v2.i1.2025.15.

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This research review paper explores the complex relationship between the removal of energy subsidies and the depreciation of the Nigerian naira under the current democratic government. Energy subsidies have long been a point of contention in Nigeria, with successive governments grappling with the economic, social, and political implications of their removal. The removal of energy subsidies has been touted as a necessary measure to free up government revenue for development projects, but it has also triggered inflation, social unrest, and a free fall of the naira in the foreign exchange market.
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Schaffitzel, Filip, Michael Jakob, Rafael Soria, Adrien Vogt-Schilb, and Hauke Ward. "Can government transfers make energy subsidy reform socially acceptable? A case study on Ecuador." Energy Policy 137 (February 2020): 111120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111120.

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Sarrakh, Redouane, Suresh Renukappa, Subashini Suresh, and Sabah Mushatat. "Impact of subsidy reform on the kingdom of Saudi Arabia's economy and carbon emissions." Energy Strategy Reviews 28 (March 2020): 100465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100465.

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Barkhordar, Zahra A., Samaneh Fakouriyan, and Siamak Sheykhha. "The role of energy subsidy reform in energy efficiency enhancement: Lessons learnt and future potential for Iranian industries." Journal of Cleaner Production 197 (October 2018): 542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.231.

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Aryanpur, Vahid, Mahshid Fattahi, Siab Mamipour, et al. "How energy subsidy reform can drive the Iranian power sector towards a low-carbon future." Energy Policy 169 (October 2022): 113190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113190.

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Farajzadeh, Zakariya, and Mohammad Bakhshoodeh. "Economic and environmental analyses of Iranian energy subsidy reform using Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model." Energy for Sustainable Development 27 (August 2015): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2015.06.002.

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Akimaya, Muhammad, and Carol Dahl. "Political power, economic trade-offs, and game theory in Indonesian gasoline subsidy reform." Energy Research & Social Science 92 (October 2022): 102782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102782.

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Purnomo, Vicki Dwi, Arifin Hamid, and Liliana Tedjosaputro. "The Influence of Economic Law on a Just Energy Transition." International Journal of Business and Applied Economics 3, no. 6 (2024): 1077–90. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijbae.v3i6.11950.

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A just energy transition is an essential process in achieving environmental, economic, and social sustainability, by shifting energy use from fossil fuels to renewable energy. In Indonesia, economic law plays a significant role in supporting or hindering this transition process. Its influence includes investment regulations in the renewable energy sector, distribution of energy subsidies, taxation, employment policies, and equitable energy access for the community. Economic law that supports a just energy transition must create a conducive environment for renewable energy investment, reduce de
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Nanda Rembulan Nurdianto, Gina Kultsum, Eka Puspitawati, Andika Pambudi, and Feriansyah. "The Effectiveness of Diesel Subsidy Reform and Determinants Affecting Household Willingness to Use Biodiesel." JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN 12, no. 1 (2023): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jekp.12.1.2023.69-83.

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The subsidy policy of diesel in Indonesia is considered inefficient since it results an increase in the burden on the Government Budget (APBN), distribution process is not well targeted and encourages wastage of consumption. Then, in 2014 the Indonesia government decided to cut diesel subsidies and began marketing alternative solar products, namely biodiesel, as an effort to ensure energy sustainability. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the determinant that influences household’s willingness to use biodiesel using quantitative methods. The results show that there are three variables havin
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Ito, Koichiro, and Shuang Zhang. "Do Consumers Distinguish Fixed Cost from Variable Cost? “Schmeduling” in Two-Part Tariffs in Energy." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 17, no. 2 (2025): 194–223. https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20230613.

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A central assumption in economics is that consumers properly distinguish fixed cost from variable cost. This assumption is fundamental to various economic theories, including optimal taxation, redistribution, and price discrimination. Using a quasi-experiment in heating price reform in China, we find empirical evidence that is inconsistent with this conventional assumption and more consistent with the “schmeduling” model in Liebman and Zeckhauser (2004). As we demonstrate its policy implications for two-part energy tariffs, this schmeduling behavior makes fixed costs directly relevant to the p
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McCulloch, Neil, Tom Moerenhout, and Joonseok Yang. "Fuel subsidy reform and the social contract in Nigeria: A micro-economic analysis." Energy Policy 156 (September 2021): 112336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112336.

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Xu, Lingyan, Fenglian Huang, Jianguo Du, and Dandan Wang. "Decisions in Power Supply Chain with Emission Reduction Effort of Coal-Fired Power Plant under the Power Market Reform." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (2020): 6582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166582.

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Sustainability in power supply chain has been supported by emission reduction of coal-fired power generation and increasing renewable energy power generation. Under the power market reform of direct power purchase transactions, this paper focuses on the channel selection and emission reduction decisions of power supply chain. From the theoretical perspective, this paper develops the decision-making models of centralized and decentralized power supply chain, which consist of one renewable energy power generation enterprise, one coal-fired power plant and one power grid enterprise. The optimal s
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John, Oghenekevwe Ifaka, Monday Osemeke Professor, and Sandra Iguehita (Mrs.) Aguebor. "DEVELOPMENTAL CHALLENGES OF OIL DEPENDENCY: A STUDY OF ENERGY POLICY AND AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY IN NIGERIA'S OIL-PRODUCING REGIONS." COLMASS JOURNAL 9, no. 2 (2025): 20–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14714815.

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The study is focused on the developmental and administrative challenges of balancing global oil pricing and agricultural sustainability of oil rentier-dependent states like Nigeria. The study examined the extent to which oil pricing impacts on food security. The qualitative methodology was adopted for the study. The Focus Group Study was utilised to collect data and content analysis was deployed to analyse the theme and trend implicated in oil pricing and food security. The Study concluded that the neoliberal reform that removed the fuel subsidy in Nigeria brought out the volatility of the int
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48

Moodley, S., RM Mabugu, and R. Hassan. "Analysing scenarios for energy emissions reduction in South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (2005): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3079.

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Global environmental pressure dictates that South Africa reduces its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while national objectives focus on economic development. South Africa is faced with the dilemma of simultaneously alleviating poverty, reducing unemployment, growing the economy and responding to international pressure to reduce GHG emissions. As a result, policies that promote energy emissions reduction without being harmful to economic growth and national developmental priorities are needed. Environmental fiscal reform presents one such option. The impact of this is still unclear for South Af
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49

Solaymani, Saeed, Roozbeh Kardooni, Fatimah Kari, and Sumiani Binti Yusoff. "Economic and environmental impacts of energy subsidy reform and oil price shock on the Malaysian transport sector." Travel Behaviour and Society 2, no. 2 (2015): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2014.09.001.

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50

Cockburn, John, Véronique Robichaud, and Luca Tiberti. "Energy Subsidy Reform and Poverty in Arab Countries: A Comparative CGE-Microsimulation Analysis of Egypt and Jordan." Review of Income and Wealth 64 (April 10, 2017): S249—S273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/roiw.12309.

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