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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy Treaty of South America'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kim, Soong-bae. "The Birth of Regional Arrangements and the Intersec- tion of Mutual Recognition: Connection-Comparison between the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty (1951) and the ROK-U.S. Mutual Defense Treaty (1953)." Korean Association for Political and Diplomatic History 44, no. 2 (2023): 139–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33127/kdps.2023.44.2.139.

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This study examined the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan, which was born in 1951, and the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America, which was born in 1953, from the viewpoint of connection-comparison. First, in the background of the two treaties was the emphasis laid on the United Nations Charter, which advocated internationalism. Second, there was a difference in the concept of defense between the two treaties. The Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan was conscious of international communism, but placed more weight

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Gwynn, Maria A. "Adapting Watercourse Agreements to Developments in International Law." Brill Research Perspectives in International Water Law 4, no. 1 (2019): 3–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23529369-12340013.

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AbstractThe United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses (UN Watercourses Convention) recommends that states apply and adapt their watercourse agreements to the provisions of the UN Watercourses Convention. To explore the advantages of abiding to crucial developments in international water law, environmental law, and climate change law, this monograph will analyze the most important hydroelectric energy treaty in the South American region, the Itaipu Treaty. The monograph will argue that adapting watercourse agreements to developments in inter

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Lamb, William F., Thomas Wiedmann, Julia Pongratz, et al. "A review of trends and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions by sector from 1990 to 2018." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 7 (2021): 73005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abee4e.

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Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy, industry, buildings, transport and AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land uses). In this topical review, we synthesise the literature to explain recent trends in global and regional emissions in each of these sectors. To contextualise our review, we present estimates of GHG emissions trends by sector from 1990 to 2018, describing the major sources of emissions growth, stability and decline across ten global regions. Overall, the literature and data emphasise that progress towards reducing GHG emissions h

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Martinez, J. Michael. "The Carter Administration and the Evolution of American Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy, 1977–1981." Journal of Policy History 14, no. 3 (2002): 261–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jph.2002.0019.

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In the wake of India's May 1998 decision to resume nuclear testing for the first time since 1974, as well as arch-rival Pakistan's subsequent response, the attention of the world again has focused on nuclear nonproliferation policy as a means of maintaining stability in politically troubled regions of the world. The 1990s proved to be an uncertain time for nonproliferation policy. Pakistan acquired nuclear capabilities. Iraq displayed its well-known intransigence by refusing to allow International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) arms inspectors access to facilities suspected of manufacturing nucle

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Silva, Cléber José da, Erika de Arruda Nascimento, Bruno Iraquitan Miranda da Silva, Márcia Silva do Nascimento, and Jaciana dos Santos Aguiar. "Biological activities associated with tannins and flavonoids present in Hymenaea stigonocarpa and Hymenaea courbaril: A systematic review." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 12 (2022): e174111234196. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34196.

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The genus Hymenaea belongs to the Fabaceae family and has species distributed from Central America to South America in the Amazon. The wood of these species are widely used in civil construction, as well as the leaves, roots, sap and bark to treat inflammatory and respiratory diseases, infections, tumors and pain. This systematic review aimed to identify the biological activities associated with tannins and flavonoids in Hymenaea courbaril and Hymenaea stigonocarpa. Thus, research articles published between 2009 and 2019 that directly address this topic were searched using the following descri

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Szumski, Krzysztof. "Filipiny w rywalizacji Stanów Zjednoczonych i Chin." Azja-Pacyfik 1, no. 23 (2020): 170–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ap202007.

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The Philippines started to be known in Europe when Ferdinand Magellan set foot on Samar island in March 1521. In the end of the 19th century in the Philippines emerged a powerful movement of local nationalists known as Katipunan. In 1896, an insurrection started against the Spanish colonial rule. Meanwhile, the Philippines were drawn into the conflict between Spain and the USA. Spanish troops were crushed by allied American and Filipino forces. The Treaty of Paris in 1898 ended the war, the Philippines became an American colony. In July 1946 the USA recognized the independence of the Philippin

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Lukin, Valery V. "Antarctic vector of South America." Latinskaya Amerika, no. 11 (December 15, 2024): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x24110089.

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The review examines a collective monograph prepared in the Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the guidance of N. Kudeyarova. The book touches on a number of problems of the Antarctic Treaty System functioning and the activities of Latin American states involved in the Antarctic agenda. Special attention is paid to the analysis of legal issues, as well as history of Antarctic policy of the Latin American countries and South Africa.

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Bezerra, Marcelo. "«IAEA Additional Protocol» and its impact on relations between Brazil and Argentina." Latinskaia Amerika, no. 12 (2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x0017494-2.

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Over the past 30 years, since the signing of the &quot;Nuclear Cooperation Treaty between Brazil and Argentina&quot; and the establishment of the Brazilian-Argentine Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials (ABACC) in 1991, relations between Brazil and Argentina in the nuclear field have reached a high level of mutual trust. However, the nuclear partnership is not immune to instability. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) demands on Brazil and Argentina to join the &quot;Additional Protocol&quot; approved in 1997, which expands and deepens inspections at nuc

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Freitas, Leonardo da Silva, Wdislaine Pinheiro de Andrade, Diandra Nunes Barreto, et al. "Antifungal and antioxidant activities and chemical constituents from Pluchea sagittalis." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 7 (2022): e40111730059. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30059.

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Pluchea sagittalis (Asteraceae) is widely distributed in South America and used as a medicinal plant to treat various diseases. The objectives of the work were to evaluate the antioxidant and antifungal activities of the ethanol extract and fractions from the aerial parts of P. sagittalis, as well as to identify the chemical constituents of the most active sample by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-MS-ESI). The ethanolic extract obtained by maceration of aerial parts showed relevant activity in DPPH free radical scavenging (IC50 = 33.9 µg mL-1

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Santos, Thauan. "Regional energy security goes South: Examining energy integration in South America." Energy Research & Social Science 76 (June 2021): 102050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102050.

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11

Thakur, Ramesh. "The South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 44, no. 3-4 (1988): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492848804400305.

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The pursuit of nuclear non-proliferation has been a major international concern of our times. The Antarctic Treaty of 1959 is of great historical significance for having created the world's first nuclear-free zone (NFZ). Article 5 of the Treaty prohibits any nuclear explosions and the disposal of radioactive waste in the Antarctica. The Treaty of Tlatelolco of 1967 established the first internationally recognised Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone (NWFZ) in a populated region of the world, namely Latin America. The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 was an attempt to bring in a global regime to prev

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Marsili, Marco. "Brazil: the Carambole Strategy of a Rising Power (Brasil: a Estratégia 'Carambola' de um Poder Ascendente)." Universitas: Relações Intenacionais (Universitas: International Relations) 13, no. 1 (Jan/Jun 2015) (2015): 63–83. https://doi.org/10.5102/uri.v13i1.3317.

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This paper analyzes the multilateral Brazilian foreign policy, making the country a regional pivot in Latin America, a leading nation among developing countries, and an emerging world power. Without the status of nuclear power, Brazil establishes asymmetrical alliances to earn a place in a reformed UN Security Council, but must contend the seat with accredited competitors, such as India, as well a strategic partner, and counteract some riotous neighbors, as Mexico and Argentina. Meanwhile, through the establishment and the membership in several international organizations and multilateral mech

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Oliveira, Edmundo. "Co-Operation and Law Enforcement to Counter Organized Crime in the Common Market Countries of South America - Mercosul." International Annals of Criminology 44, no. 1-2 (2006): 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0003445206003667.

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Padilla, León, and Eduardo Marín. "Monetary integration in South America: Elección of candidates through unsupervised machine learning." Revista de Economía Mundial, no. 61 (June 16, 2022): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33776/rem.v0i61.5155.

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Applying Unsupervised Machine Learning techniques to a set of nominal variables (based on the optimum currency area [OCA] theory and the Maastricht Treaty criteria) and industrial indicators (based on similar production patterns), this paper aims to identify potential candidates for a monetary integration in South America (SA). The main conclusion is that, according to the clustering of the nominal and industrial indicators, the countries in best position for a hypothetical monetary integration in SA are Chile, Colombia, and Perú (and Ecuador to a lesser extent); countries that are generally m

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Ferreira Furtado, Junia. "Portuguese America under Foreign Threat and the Creation of the Concept of uti possidetis in the First half of the 18th Century." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna, no. 34 (October 30, 2021): 109–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfiv.34.2021.29359.

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The aim of this article is to discuss the relationship between invasions, cartography, and possessory law in the context of diplomatic relations between Portugal and Spain in the first half of the eighteenth century, in South America territories. The Castilian siege of Colônia do Sacramento and the French invasion of Fernando de Noronha island (1736 and 1737), awoke in the Portuguese ambassador D. Luís da Cunha the need to change the foundation on which the frontiers of Brazil were negotiated. He began to use the concept of uti possidetis as a strategy, which would become the directive for the

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Borzova, Alla, Vinicio Xavier Medina Gonzalez, Boris Nekrasov, and Jonathan Da Costa Santos. "The Amazon cooperation treaty: problems and prospects for cooperation." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 04-1 (2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202104statyi08.

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The article deals with the study of the interaction between eight South American countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia, Peru, Suriname and Ecuador) in the frame of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO). The study of ACTO’s activity is becoming a particular relevance currently, when the integration processes in Latin America are going through crisis and it's difficult to predict the prospects of regional dialogue, including the environmental component, connected with the social and economic factors. Considering this research, the authors drew on the theory of regio

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Neto, Benedito Augusto da Silva, and Ana Virgínia Moreira Gomes. "ILO Convention 190 and the fight against Harassment at Work in South America." Revista Jurídica da Presidência 23, no. 131 (2022): 506–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20499/2236-3645.rjp2022v23e131-2513.

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This study analyzes the legal confrontation of harassment at work considering the South American countries, especially Brazil, and taking as a paradigm ILO Convention 190 on harassment and violence in the world of work. The research starts by analyzing the concepts of harassment at work. Next, the paper examines Convention 190, as well as the regulations in South America concerning work harassment, in order to analyze the system to fight against this social phenomenon in the Brazilian legislation. The study suggests that the approval of the Convention has the potential to change the reality wo

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Felter, Peter. "Corporate Strategies in South America." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 12, no. 2-3 (1994): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879401200209.

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A country review shows that Argentina has been the first Latin American country to respond pragmatically to financial pressure. Peru appears prepared to take a similar radical approach. Brazil, Mexico and to a letter extent Venezuela, still protect a monopolistic state-owned oil industry which is a deterrent to foreign investment.

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19

Iacobelli, Pedro. "The Limits of Sovereignty and Post-War Okinawan Migrants in Bolivia." Asia-Pacific Journal 12, S12 (2014): 102–22. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1557466014026758.

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Pedro Iacobelli's essay also elucidates some of the less immediately obvious consequences of the U.S.'s administration of Okinawa, in his case focusing on Okinawa's international legal status during the American occupation. As he details, under the terms of the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty, Japan in theory retained “residual sovereignty” over Okinawa's population. Iacobelli, after discussing in some detail the historical circumstances that gave rise to this status, traces its practical consequences for a Ryukyu Government-sponsored emigration program to South America.

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Sadorsky, Perry. "Energy consumption, output and trade in South America." Energy Economics 34, no. 2 (2012): 476–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2011.12.008.

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21

Aitmaganbetov, D. D., and S. Zh Aidarbayev. "Treaty between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the United States of America on mutual legal assistance in criminal matters: problems and perspectives." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Law Series 141, no. 4 (2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6844-2022-141-4-34-47.

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The formation of an international legal framework in the field of combating crime through the conclusion of bilateral agreements with the authorities of foreign states is a priority activity of law enforcement agencies of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the fight against crime. Signing of the Treaty between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the United States of America on mutual legal assistance is a logical continuation of the work of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan to expand international cooperation in combating international crime. In this article, the authors trie

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22

Mosquera Valderrama, Irma Johanna. "The OECD-BEPS Measures to Deal with Aggressive Tax Planning in South America and Sub-Saharan Africa: The Challenges Ahead." Intertax 43, Issue 10 (2015): 615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2015060.

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The aim of this article is to assess the feasibility to introduce the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)-BEPS measures to deal with aggressive tax planning in South America and Sub-Saharan Africa. The BEPS and its Action Plan have been developed by the OECD following the G20 mandate and it provides new international tax standards to be applicable to all countries including OECD and non- OECD countries. This article will provide a comparative analysis of the South America and the Sub-Saharan African region taking into account the country’s economic development, tax ad

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Holladay, J. Scott, and Michael A. Livermore. "Regional variation, holdouts, and climate treaty negotiations." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 4, no. 2 (2013): 131–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbca-2013-0001.

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We develop a model of international agreements to price a transboundry externality and provide a new heuristic to aid in interpreting negotiation behavior. Under conservative assumptions, a country’s net benefits will be positive under an efficient pollution price if its share of global damages is less than half its share of worldwide abatement costs. We solve for a permit allocation scheme consistent with that heuristic such that every region will have positive net benefits in an agreement to price the pollution externality at the globally efficient level. We then apply this framework to clim

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Barroso, L. A., S. Mocarquer, H. Rudnick, and T. Castro. "Creating harmony in South America." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 4, no. 4 (2006): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpae.2006.1657718.

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Martinez, A., and G. Iglesias. "Climate change and wind energy potential in South America." Science of The Total Environment 957 (December 2024): 177675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177675.

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Belov, V. I., and D. M. Ranjbar. "Iran and Russia on the path to building a comprehensive, principled partnership." Information and Innovations 19, no. 4 (2025): 29–40. https://doi.org/10.31432/1994-2443-2024-19-4-29-40.

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The article deals with the main provisions of the Treaty on the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation of 17 January 2025. The study examines the historical context, legal foundations, and strategic implications of the treaty, which marks a new era in bilateral relations. The agreement, signed by Presidents Vladimir Putin and Masoud Pezeshkian, outlines a 20-year framework for cooperation in various domains, including security, defense, economy, energy, and regional stability. The research methodology involves a qualitative analysis

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Nogara, Tiago Soares. "The rise and fall of the Bank of the South: challenges in Latin American post-neoliberal regionalism." Revista iberoamericana de estudios de desarrollo = Iberoamerican journal of development studies 13, no. 2 (2024): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ried/ijds.9963.

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In the early 21st century, the rise of left-wing administrations in South America bolstered regional frameworks. The proposal to establish a new regional financial architecture materialized as the Bank of the South, formalizing its Constitutive Treaty in 2009. Despite this, the Bank remains uncapitalized. This study examines its rise and decline, addressing factors behind its establishment; the impact of divergent regional approaches by Brazil, Argentina, and Venezuela, and the reasons for its decline in the second decade of the 21st century. The research attributes the Bank’s demise not only

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de Lima Moscati, M. C., and V. B. Rao. "Energetics of the summer circulation over South America." Annales Geophysicae 19, no. 1 (2001): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-19-83-2001.

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Abstract. We have investigated the energetics of the summer circulation over tropical and extratropical South America. The kinetic energy equations of divergent (Kχ ) and rotational (Kψ) motion are utilized. All the terms of these equations are calculated on each day for five summers (November-February 1985–1990), using global wind analysis from the National Meteorological Center (NMC), now National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The regional kinetic energy balance showed that the energy cycle over South America during the summer is, A P E to Kχ through the term -χ∇2Φ,and Kχ to K

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Curcio, Ana. "President's Page: Resources and geophysical opportunities in South America." Leading Edge 41, no. 4 (2022): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle41040228.1.

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The southern region of the American continent, or South America, is home to significant oil and gas, mineral, and renewable energy resources (Figure 1). Additionally, most South American countries provide a modern legal framework and incentives for investment in clean energy.

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Robinson, Thomas W. "America in Taiwan' Post Cold-War Foreign Relations." China Quarterly 148 (December 1996): 1340–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000050657.

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Since losing the mainland to Communist conquest in 1949 (more accurately, since the North Korean invasion of the South in June 1950), Taiwan has become a continuous foreign policy protectorate of the United States. Had it not been for American security protection, Taiwan would long since have come under Beijing's rule. Several causative agents, separately, in combination or sequentially, kept Taiwan out of mainland Chinese hands. These included, initially, the American Seventh Fleet, then generalized American military might in concert with the American-Taiwan Defence Treaty of 1954, thence the

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Piva, Everson Dal, Manoel A. Gan, and V. Brahmananda Rao. "Energetics of Winter Troughs Entering South America." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 4 (2010): 1084–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr2970.1.

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Abstract The energetics and behavior of midtropospheric troughs over the Southern Hemisphere and their relationship with South America surface cyclogenesis were studied during the winters of 1999–2003. All surface cyclogenesis situations over Uruguay and adjacent areas associated with 500-hPa troughs were analyzed. The atmospheric circulation associated with type-B and type-C cyclones form the basis for two composites: composite B (with 25 cases) and composite C (with 13 cases). The results showed that the midtropospheric troughs were more intense in composite C than in composite B before the

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Doughty, Christopher E., Scott R. Loarie, and Christopher B. Field. "Theoretical Impact of Changing Albedo on Precipitation at the Southernmost Boundary of the ITCZ in South America." Earth Interactions 16, no. 8 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2012ei422.1.

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Abstract South America has undergone a large increase in albedo over the past decade as forests have been converted to crops and wetlands have been drained. Recent modeling literature and paleoclimate precipitation proxies have highlighted how changes in surface energy balance could affect the position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) in South America. Here, the authors investigate whether large continental increases in albedo in South America can likewise affect the southward migration of the ITCZ into South America using the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model, version 3.0 (CAM3.0) c

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Rudnick, H., L. A. Barroso, S. Mocarquer, and B. Bezerra. "A delicate balance in South America." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 6, no. 4 (2008): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpe.2008.924813.

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Ortigoza, Eduardo, Victorio Oxilia, Richard Ríos, Diana Valdez, Estela Riveros, and Cecilia Llamosas. "Lessons from the ITAIPU Binational Power Plant in South America: A Negotiation Framework for Transboundary Hydropower Governance." Water 17, no. 13 (2025): 1947. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17131947.

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The equitable use and distribution of shared water resources is a topic of renewed regional debate in Latin America, especially given the recent review of the Binational ITAIPU Treaty between Brazil and Paraguay. Building more equitable and transparent agreements in this context requires an understanding of the historical trends of negotiations. This study analyzes five decades of negotiations on the shared use of water resources in the Paraná River Basin, drawing on interviews with former negotiators and officials from Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. The complex interaction between internal

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Ferreira Furtado, Junia. "Cartography in dispute: the frontiers of Brazil in Abbé Raynal’s Histoire des Deux Indes." Culture & History Digital Journal 10, no. 2 (2021): e019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2021.019.

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This article analyzes the frontier line(s) of Brazil proposed by the Portuguese ambassadors (D. Vicente de Sousa Coutinho, D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, and Luís de Sousa Coutinho, the Viscount of Balsemão), drawn on maps and documents sent to Abbé Raynal when he was preparing the 1780 edition of his famous Histoire des Deux Indes. This was accompanied by an Atlas de Toutes les Parties Connues du Globe Terrestre, produced by the French geographer Rigobert Bonne. The objective is, in light of the Treaty of Santo Ildefonso, to compare the lines defended by the ambassadors and those which Raynal

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Morales Udaeta, Miguel Edgar, Antonio Gomes dos Reis, José Aquiles Baesso Grimoni, and Antonio Celso de Abreu Junior. "Energy Integration in South America Region and the Energy Sustainability of the Nations." Energy and Power Engineering 07, no. 05 (2015): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/epe.2015.75016.

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Li, Ying, Qi Shen Chen, Jian Wu Li, and Qun Yi Liu. "Study on Mining Materials Products of Central and South America." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.581.

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There are rich resources in Central and South America, and mining products export plays an important role in the regional economic development. In this paper, the mining products trade information of more than ten years in Central and South America is collected, and then the authors point out that a "diversified export" strategy has been implemented by Central and South America in recent years for reducing the dependence on the economy of the United States, and the export of Central and South America is continuously rising to China but declining to the United States because they are benefited

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Aguilera, Roberto F. "Oil supply in Central and South America." Energy Policy 37, no. 8 (2009): 2916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.03.026.

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Cacciuttolo, Carlos, Valentina Guzmán, and Patricio Catriñir. "Renewable Solar Energy Facilities in South America—The Road to a Low-Carbon Sustainable Energy Matrix: A Systematic Review." Energies 17, no. 22 (2024): 5532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17225532.

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South America is a place on the planet that stands out with enormous potential linked to renewable energies. Countries in this region have developed private investment projects to carry out an energy transition from fossil energies to clean energies and contribute to climate change mitigation. The sun resource is one of the more abundant sources of renewable energies that stands out in South America, especially in the Atacama Desert. In this context, South American countries are developing sustainable actions/strategies linked to implementing solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar powe

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Hamza, Valiya M., and Miguel Muñoz. "Heat flow map of South America." Geothermics 25, no. 6 (1996): 599–646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6505(96)00025-9.

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Odon, Anderson, Carolina A. Freire, R. Mark Brigham, Marcelo O. Bordignon, and Emygdio L. A. Monteiro‐Filho. "Brazilian sleeping beauty: First evidence of hibernation by a bat in South America." Biotropica 55, no. 3 (2023): 573–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13443752.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Torpor and hibernation are energy-saving heterothermic strategies widespread among mammals, and bats have reports of hibernation in North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. However, to date, there was no evidence of hibernation by bats in South America. We tagged four individuals of Eptesicus brasiliensis and one remained torpid for 13 consecutive days in a tree cavity roost in southern Brazil, showing evidence that bats can hibernate in South America.

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Odon, Anderson, Carolina A. Freire, R. Mark Brigham, Marcelo O. Bordignon, and Emygdio L. A. Monteiro‐Filho. "Brazilian sleeping beauty: First evidence of hibernation by a bat in South America." Biotropica 55, no. 3 (2023): 573–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13443752.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Torpor and hibernation are energy-saving heterothermic strategies widespread among mammals, and bats have reports of hibernation in North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. However, to date, there was no evidence of hibernation by bats in South America. We tagged four individuals of Eptesicus brasiliensis and one remained torpid for 13 consecutive days in a tree cavity roost in southern Brazil, showing evidence that bats can hibernate in South America.

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Odon, Anderson, Carolina A. Freire, R. Mark Brigham, Marcelo O. Bordignon, and Emygdio L. A. Monteiro‐Filho. "Brazilian sleeping beauty: First evidence of hibernation by a bat in South America." Biotropica 55, no. 3 (2023): 573–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13443752.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Torpor and hibernation are energy-saving heterothermic strategies widespread among mammals, and bats have reports of hibernation in North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. However, to date, there was no evidence of hibernation by bats in South America. We tagged four individuals of Eptesicus brasiliensis and one remained torpid for 13 consecutive days in a tree cavity roost in southern Brazil, showing evidence that bats can hibernate in South America.

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44

Odon, Anderson, Carolina A. Freire, R. Mark Brigham, Marcelo O. Bordignon, and Emygdio L. A. Monteiro‐Filho. "Brazilian sleeping beauty: First evidence of hibernation by a bat in South America." Biotropica 55, no. 3 (2023): 573–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13443752.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Torpor and hibernation are energy-saving heterothermic strategies widespread among mammals, and bats have reports of hibernation in North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. However, to date, there was no evidence of hibernation by bats in South America. We tagged four individuals of Eptesicus brasiliensis and one remained torpid for 13 consecutive days in a tree cavity roost in southern Brazil, showing evidence that bats can hibernate in South America.

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45

Odon, Anderson, Carolina A. Freire, R. Mark Brigham, Marcelo O. Bordignon, and Emygdio L. A. Monteiro‐Filho. "Brazilian sleeping beauty: First evidence of hibernation by a bat in South America." Biotropica 55, no. 3 (2023): 573–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13443752.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Torpor and hibernation are energy-saving heterothermic strategies widespread among mammals, and bats have reports of hibernation in North America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. However, to date, there was no evidence of hibernation by bats in South America. We tagged four individuals of Eptesicus brasiliensis and one remained torpid for 13 consecutive days in a tree cavity roost in southern Brazil, showing evidence that bats can hibernate in South America.

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46

Scofield, Ana Clara Balda, and Leonardo Vieira De Oliveira. "Energy integration in South America: challenges and opportunities after UNASUL’s extinction." Rio Oil and Gas Expo and Conference 20, no. 2020 (2020): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.48072/2525-7579.rog.2020.311.

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Casas de las Penas del Corral, A. "Regional energy integration: a wide and worthy challenge for South America." Journal of World Energy Law & Business 5, no. 2 (2012): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jws003.

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Ojeda Kalluni, Elvis, and Elmira A. Chadaeva. "Mexico’s energy reform: experience and lessons of the energy sector transformation in South America." RUDN Journal of Economics 26, no. 4 (2018): 609–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2018-26-4-609-619.

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The study of fuel and energy complex of Mexico occupies a very important place in the world’s leading research centers. Among Russian and foreign studies there are a number of works that consider the problems and peculiarities of fuel and energy complex of the countries of Latin America including Mexico. This article is devoted to the analysis of Mexico’s energy reform and use their experiences to transform the energy sector of the countries of South America. Presents the history of the Mexican energy reform. Discusses basic principles of energy reform and energy security of the country. It al

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Sun, Ling. "Can Lithium OPEC be Realized? Feasibility Analysis of South America’s Lithium Cartel." Ibero-América Studies 8, no. 2 (2024): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.55704/ias.v8i2.06.

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Global warming has driven the historical shift towards clean energy, with lithium playing a crucial role in this green transition and becoming a focal point of global competition. Due to its high performance and widespread application in manufacturing lightweight energy storage batteries, lithium is at the forefront of electrification, which is essential for achieving zero emissions. Latin America, home to over half of the world’s lithium resources, sees an extraordinary opportunity in this monumental transition. Lithium-producing countries in Latin America are currently proposing a lithium OP

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Ferreira, Glauber W. S., and Michelle S. Reboita. "A New Look into the South America Precipitation Regimes: Observation and Forecast." Atmosphere 13, no. 6 (2022): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060873.

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South America is a vast continent characterized by diverse atmospheric phenomena and climate regimes. In this context, seasonal climate predictions are helpful for decision-making in several relevant socioeconomic segments in this territory, such as agriculture and energy generation. Thus, the present work evaluates the performance of ECMWF-SEAS5 in simulating the South American precipitation regimes by applying a non-hierarchical clustering technique. In addition, the study describes the main atmospheric systems that cause precipitation in each cluster and updates a previous work performed in

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